Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Nasafī'
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Orsini-Sadjed, Sima. "ʿAziz Nasafi, un penseur éminent dans l'iran du XIIIème siècle : l'oeuvre et l'enseignement, métaphysique de la semence." Paris 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA030131.
Full text'Aziz Nasafi was an eminent thinker of medieval Iran. His works, of spiritual impact, deal with various religious and philosophical doctrines. His teaching distinguishes itself by the diversity of approaches that he examines both objectively and scientifically. During a period of war (Mongolian attack), immigration and great ideological tension where each of the many different schools of thought claimed supreme authority, this multi-denominational personality, who was also a generous teacher, kept a firm stance of intellectual neutrality. Nasafi incites a concordant approach and the following of a united path encouraging reconciliation. Nasafi, who was subject to many biased ascriptions, made impartiality his methodical field, whilst conceptualizing the minute drop of semen (notfe). His concept of semen is at the heart of both his ontological and epistemological theory: the sperm as All, or the one Unity of all things. This remarkable figure of Islamic spiritual thought, a native of Nakhshab (Nasaf) in what is now Turkistan, leads us in clear, simple and musical Persian through the different civilizations and centuries of thought. Nasafi's humanistic, moral and cosmopolitan nature makes him a precursor for much of modern-day questioning. Like the physicians and physiologists of his time, Nasafi's works concentrate upon the study of generation paving the way for novel approaches regarding the knowledge of the living species: approaches which remain those of recent discoveries. Nasafi follows the process of generation or creation from the sperm, sperm that forms an infinitely small world containing all: all is in the notfe - form, accidents and natural predispositions alike. "The night of Destiny is the moment at which the father's sperm falls into the maternal womb" stated 'Aziz Nasafi, the non-conformist liberal thinker who was not mentioned by a single hagiographer!
Truilhé, Yves. "Rhinométrie acoustique et confort nasal : étude prospective sur 102 cas." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR23001.
Full textMonredon, Olivier de. "Obstruction nasale morphologique : identification et rôle du septum, application au traitement chirurgical de l'obstruction nasale." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR23018.
Full textPrado, Priscila Capelato. "Dimensões internas nasais de adultos com obstrução nasal avaliadas por rinometria acústica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/61/61132/tde-27042009-160711/.
Full textObjective: To characterize the nasal geometry of adults with nasal obstruction due to septal deviation and/or turbinate hypertrophy by analyzing sectional areas and volumes of specific segments of the nasal cavity by means of acoustic rhinometry. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Laboratory of Physiology, HRAC-USP and Otorhinolaryngology Clinics, Hospital Estadual Bauru. Participants: Thirty patients with nasal obstruction complaints, of both sexes, aged 18 to 40 years, presenting septal deviation+turbinate hypertrophy (n=24), septal deviation only (n=5) or turbinate hypertrophy only (n=1) on clinical examination. Main Outcome Measures: Sectional areas measured at the three main deflections of the rhinogram (CSA1, CSA2, CSA3), their respective distances from the nostrils (dCSA1, dCSA2, dCSA3) and volumes at the 1.0-3.2cm (V1), 3.3-6.4cm (V2) and 7.0-12.0cm (V3) segments were evaluated, before and after nasal decongestion, by means of an Eccovision Acoustic Rhinometer. For analysis, the values from the right and left cavities were added. Results: Before nasal decongestion, mean values (±SD) obtained corresponded to 0.83±0.23cm2(CSA1), 1.66±0.52cm2(CSA2), 2.36±0.77cm2(CSA3), 2.19±0.20cm(dCSA1), 4.01±0.33cm(dCSA2), 5.85±0.37cm(dCSA3), 2.77±0.51cm3(V1), 6.52±1.99cm3(V2), 26.00±9.62cm3(V3). These values were significantly lower (p<0.05) than those set for adults without obstruction at the same laboratory. Decongestion caused CSA and V increases proportionally higher in the group with nasal obstruction, suggesting the involvement of a functional component. Twelve cases presented normal results, despite the presence of septal deviation and/or turbinate hypertrophy. Conclusion: The results showed, in most patients analyzed, significant impairment of nasal patency associated with nasal obstruction due to structural defects.
Papon, Jean-François. "Développement de nouvelles explorations tissulaires et cellulaires des pathologies nasales obstructives." Thesis, Paris Est, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PEST0028.
Full textChronic nasal obstruction (CNO) is a common symptom and corresponds to diseases affecting bones, cartilages and/or mucosa of the nose. Objective monitoring of nasal patency is useful for identifying the etiology of CNO and for evaluating its effects on the mucosa.My research is guided by the numerous challenges encountered through my clinical practice of rhinology. I have developed new objective tools for exploring obstructive nasal diseases:1. At tissue level, I focused on chronic rhinitis, especially the neurovegetative nasal dysfunction which remained a diagnosis of exclusion so far. Using acoustic rhinometry, I have shown that the nasal compliance was abnormal in the two most common causes of chronic rhinitis and was a useful measure for the diagnosis of neurovegetative nasal dysfunction.2. At cell level, I focused on the ciliated cell of the respiratory epithelium. I studied the advantages and limits of transmission electron microscopy analysis of cilia for the diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia. Using digital high-speed videomicroscopy, I have established objective parameters that precisely characterize ciliary beating. I have shown that these parameters were useful for diagnosing primary ciliary dyskinesia, for studying respiratory cilia of patients affected by Leber congenital amaurosis or for studying the role of BUG22 protein in ciliary beating of paramecia
BONFIM, Suely de Fátima Santos Freire. "Lesão de septo nasal em neonatos pré-termo no uso de prongas nasais." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2012. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/10774.
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O aumento da sobrevida de neonatos prematuros tem sido proporcionado pelos avanços tecnológicos, destes, a ventilação com pressão positiva contínua com prongas nasais constitui alternativa para neonatos com problemas respiratórios. Contudo, evidências científicas mostram ocorrências de lesões nasais pelo uso de prongas. Nesse contexto, esse estudo objetiva avaliar a incidência e os fatores de risco associados à lesão de septo nasal em neonatos prematuros utilizando prongas nasais reutilizadas e novas. O estudo é do tipo coorte de intervenção terapêutica aberta, a população inclui neonatos com idade gestacional abaixo de 37 semanas admitidos na unidade neonatal de um hospital universitário do Recife-PE, Nordeste do Brasil. A amostra foi de 70 neonatos, divididos no grupo de expostos, 39 recém-nascidos utilizando prongas nasais reutilizadas e não expostos, 31 utilizando prongas novas. Os dados foram coletados em prontuários, para caracterização da amostra; pela utilização de instrumentos voltados à avaliação da aplicação da ventilação não invasiva e assistência de enfermagem aos neonatos em uso de prongas; e pela avaliação do septo nasal. O processamento e análise foram realizados pelo software SPSS versão 17.0. Como produtos dessa dissertação foram elaborados três artigos. O primeiro artigo “Prevenção de lesão de septo nasal em neonatos pré-termo em uso de prongas nasais: revisão integrativa da literatura” investigou as evidências científicas relacionadas aos cuidados de enfermagem na prevenção de lesão de septo nasal em prematuros. Os resultados mostraram aspectos da qualidade e adequação da pronga nasal e a necessidade de monitorização do neonato pela equipe de enfermagem. O segundo “Cuidados de Enfermagem ao prematuro na prevenção de lesões nasais: validação de instrumento” validou um instrumento voltado à prevenção de lesão nasal obtendo índice de concordância de 80% dos juízes. O terceiro constitui o artigo original “Lesão de septo nasal em neonatos pré-termos no uso de prongas nasais”, cujos resultados evidenciaram que 62,9% dos neonatos apresentaram lesão de septo nasal e que a associação de prongas nasais reutilizadas e novas não constituiu fator de risco para a ocorrência de lesões nasais. O tempo de permanência do neonato no uso da ventilação não invasiva com prongas foi o único fator associado à ocorrência e severidade dessas lesões. Infere-se que os cuidados de enfermagem na aplicação da terapêutica e no acompanhamento diário dos prematuros em uso de pronga realizados durante o estudo, possam ter minimizado a incidência das lesões nos neonatos. A educação em saúde no serviço pode contribuir para adequação das práticas de cuidados de enfermagem garantindo assistência de qualidade.
Philip-Alliez, Camille. "Etude numérique et expérimentale de l'écoulement nasal chez les enfants présentant une obstruction nasale." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10140/document.
Full textOne of the essential data sought by the clinician in his diagnosis on the functionality of the nasal cavity. In some cases, this function is only partially approached by various measurement methods at its disposal. The prevalence of chronic nasal obstruction in the population (30% of the population) underlines the interest to orthodontists must wear respiratory disorders. The acquisition of a reliable diagnostic tool of nasal obstruction will allow for earlier treatment to guide the best craniofacial growth. The RAA can not be currently used as single diagnostic test, because its correlation with subjective assessments can remain low. The objective of this work is to provide a model for the diagnosis of nasal obstruction for all patients. In cases where the RAA does not allow a definite diagnosis of nasal obstruction, numerical simulations allow, after identifying the particular anatomical situations, to obtain a functional objective or not confirming the diagnosis of rheumatic fever. The methodology for this thesis consists of a complete resolution of the Navier-Stokes equations in geometries reconstructed in 3D, that is to say who received a digital processing to extract the contours and surface meshes and create volume. The development of objective measurement tools is a key issue in determining optimal treatment strategies and to evaluate treatment outcomes. Computer modeling of the dynamics of air flow within the nasal cavity from three-dimensional CT reconstructions may have clinical applications. One of its applications allow to visualize the flow postoperative virtually
Bezerra, Thiago Freire Pinto. "O papel do biofilme na rinossinusite crônica com polipose nasossinusal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-01082012-135039/.
Full textIntroduction: The pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is not completely established and there are some explanations for this disease, such as superantigens, inflammatory imbalance and, more recently, biofilms. Objective: Evaluate the association of biofilms presence and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Evaluate outcomes after sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps according to the presence of biofilms. Methods: This is a University based-tertiary care center study. The first part was a case-control study that evaluated a group of 33 consecutive patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and a control group of 27 patients undergoing septoplasty for nasal obstruction treatment. Mucosal samples were harvested intra-operatively for scanning electron microscopic examination to determine biofilms presence. The second part was a prospective study. Preoperative and follow up data were recorded, including standardized evaluations of disease-specific quality of life related to nasal obstruction and rhinosinusitis, of nasal endoscopy and sinus computer tomography scan. Statistical analysis was performed. For all statistical tests p=0.05 was considered significant. Results: Biofilms were found in 72.7% (24/33) of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps patients and in 48.1%(13/27) of septoplasty patients (Odds ratio = 2.87, CI95% from 0.9796 to 8.419, p=0.051). This was the first report to analyze the effect of biofilms in outcomes with standardized measures of a group of only chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps patients. Biofilms were present in 72.4% (21/29) of these patients. Patients with biofilms had a statistically significant worst preoperative score related to nasal obstruction and nasal endoscopy, but a similar median sinusitis total score. Patients with biofilms presented better Lund-Kennedy outcome (-3[5]vs.-1[2],U=46.0,p=0.036), but the best endoscopic improvement might reflect the worst clinical preoperative status. These patients had worst outcomes in SNOT-20 (-0.75[1.15]vs.-1.30[1.32],U=69.0,p=0.21) and similar outcomes in NOSE(-55.0[50.0] vs. -60.0[50.0], U=81.0,p=0.67) and Lund-Mackay (-4[5]vs.-4[4]),U=75.5,p=0.49). Patients with biofilms presented better Lund-Kennedy outcome (p=0.036). There was a correlation among some QoL outcome scores in both groups. Conclusion: Biofilms were demonstrated to be present in patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps but also in controls. Although the prevalence was not significantly different, the extremely wide 95% confidence interval, which just crosses unity, suggests that a meaningful clinical difference may have been missed because of low statistical power and that further study is necessary. Biofilms were related with worst preoperative disease-specific quality of life questionnaire (NOSE) and endoscopic evaluation (Lund-Kennedy), and better endoscopic outcome. Our findings suggest that in patients with a significant clinical improvement after surgery, the biofilm had a more predominant role in the pathophysiology of the disease. In this subgroup, the surgery probably removed the amount of biofilms needed to restore the mucosal inflammatory imbalance
Farinha, Sofia Rodrigues Pescada Mendes. "Diagnóstico de neoplasias intra-nasais caninas : a importância da tomografia computorizada : estudo retrospetivo de 52 casos." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16511.
Full textAs neoplasias intra-nasais são uma doença rara em cães, com uma abordagem diagnóstica complexa, na qual a tomografia computorizada (TC) apresenta um papel importante. O objetivo deste estudo retrospetivo consistiu em compreender de que modo a TC contribui para o diagnóstico das neoplasias intra-nasais em cães, principalmente verificar se possibilita a diferenciação entre as neoplasias e outras doenças que afetam as cavidades nasais, bem como qual o seu valor de diagnóstico para neoplasias. Foi também analisado o sucesso diagnóstico através de citologia e histopatologia, bem como os métodos utilizados para a obtenção das amostras. A amostra foi constituída por 52 cães com alterações das cavidades nasais confirmadas por um exame de TC e, pelo menos, uma análise citológica ou histopatológica para estudo dessas alterações. Foram recolhidos dados da TC e análises citológicas e histopatológicas dos respetivos animais, para análise com recurso a métodos de estatística descritiva e analítica. O diagnóstico citológico ou histopatológico final foi obtido em 92,3% dos animais, sendo que 50,0% apresentavam doença neoplásica. No estudo imagiológico 71,2% dos casos tinha como principal suspeita neoplasia nasal. Nos exames de TC as alterações consideradas estatisticamente significativas para neoplasia foram lise óssea (p=0,02929), lise dos turbinados nasais (p=0,04739), lise de outros ossos adjacentes (p=0,02484), lise da placa cribriforme (p=0,00216), extensão das lesões para a face (p=0,01921), extensão das lesões para o encéfalo (p=0,00216) e efeito de massa (p=0,008423). Nenhuma destas lesões é específica de neoplasia nasal. A sensibilidade, especificidade, precisão, valor preditivo positivo e valor preditivo negativo para o diagnóstico de neoplasia foram, respetivamente, 96,2%, 54,5%, 77,1%, 71,4% e 92,3%. Neste estudo verificaram-se discrepâncias entre os resultados citológicos e histopatológicos finais e a suspeita da TC, o que salientou a importância da TC na interpretação desses resultados. No caso de existirem resultados anátomo-patológicos incongruentes com a suspeita da TC sugere-se a repetição das biópsias.
ABSTRACT - Intra-nasal neoplasia is a rare disease in dogs with a difficult diagnostic approach, in which computed tomography (CT) plays an important role. The objective of this retrospective study was understanding how CT contributes to the diagnosis of intra-nasal neoplasia in dogs, mainly if it is able to differentiate between neoplasia and other diseases that affect the nasal cavities, and also what is its diagnostic value for neoplasia. It was also analyzed the diagnostic success of cytology and histopathology and the methods to obtain the diagnostic samples. The study population was formed by 52 dogs with intra-nasal lesions confirmed by a CT exam and at least one cytology or histopathology result for the study of those alterations. Data collected included CT information and cytology and histopathology reports, that were analyzed statistically using descriptive and analytical methods. The final diagnosis obtained through cytology and histopathology was acquired in 92,3% of the animals, from which 50,0% were neoplasia. In the imaging study 71,6% of the cases had a primary suspicion of neoplasia. In the CT exams the lesions considered statistically significant for neoplasia were bone lysis (p=0,02929), lysis of the nasal turbinates (p=0,04739), lysis of other adjacent bones (p=0,02484), cribiform plate lysis (p=0,00216), lesion spreading to the face (p=0,01921), lesion spreading to the brain (p=0,00216) and mass effect (p=0,008423). None of the lesions is specific of nasal neoplasia. The sensibility, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for neoplasia were, respectively, 96,2%, 54,5%, 77,1%, 71,4% e 92,3%. In this study there were discrepancies between the cytological and histopathological results and the CT suspicion, which pointed out the importance of CT in the interpretation of these results. If there are cytological and histopathological results incongruent with the CT suspicion it is suggested that biopsies be repeated.
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Peixoto, Magno Eric Barbosa. "Histomorfometria das terminações nervosas das conchas nasais inferiores de humanos por imunofluorescência e microscopia confocal a laser." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2017. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/22603.
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Nasal obstruction is one of the main complaint of patients with rhinitis, which is frequently associated with increased nasal airway resistance caused by hypertrophic changes of the inferior turbinates, however, studies have demonstrated that the objective measurement of nasal airway resistance does not always correlate with the subjective perception of the degree of nasal obstruction. The inferior turbinates are elongated, paired structures situated at the lateral nasal wall and made of a central core of osseous skeleton and a mucosal layer on each side almost exclusively covered with a pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, with a well-defined basement membrane zone and a thick lamina propria. They play an important function in nasal physiology through reflex responses. The sensory nerves monitor the conditions of the mucosal microenvironment and initiate protective mechanisms immediately via axon responses. These nerve endings also have an important role on the perception of nasal patency. Despite the importance of these structures, little is known about their morphology and distribution in the normal nasal mucosa of human inferior turbinates. In order to obtain morphological and distribution data of nerve endings in inferior turbinates, specimens obtained from six individuals (three men and three women) with ages ranging from 16 to 76 years were submitted to fluorescent antibody technique with the marker pan -axonal anti-protein gene product 9.5 and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Free nerve endings were identified, mainly in the superficial layers of the lamina propria, some very close to the basement membrane. No complex nerve endings of the corpuscular type were identified. There were no differences in the distribution of nerve endings when compared to the septal and meatal faces or according to the gender of the individuals evaluated. Free nerve endings maintain an intimate relationship with seromucous glands and their ducts in the more superficial layers of the lamina propria, as well as with blood vessels, especially in their deeper portions, pointing to the role they play in the neuromodulation of glandular secretion and vasomotor control. Surgical techniques that allow the preservation of these free nerve endings may provide better postoperative outcomes, with a higher resolution of the clinical complaint of nasal obstruction and a lower rate of complications such as empty nose syndrome.
Obstrução nasal é uma das principais queixas em pacientes com rinite, sendo frequentemente associada ao aumento da resistência nasal pela hipertrofia das conchas nasais inferiores, contudo, estudos têm demonstrado que mensurações objetivas da resistência de via aérea nasal nem sempre se correlacionam à percepção subjetiva do grau de obstrução nasal. As conchas nasais inferiores são estruturas alongadas, pareadas e situadas nas paredes nasais laterais, constituídas de um eixo ósseo central envolto, quase exclusivamente, por epitélio respiratório pseudoestratificado cilíndrico ciliado, com uma membrana basal bem definida e uma espessa lâmina própria. Possuem um papel importante na fisiologia nasal através de respostas reflexas. Os nervos sensoriais monitoram o microambiente da mucosa nasal e iniciam os mecanismos protetores imediatamente, via respostas axonais. Essas terminações nervosas também possuem importante ação na percepção da patência nasal. A despeito do importante papel dessas estruturas, pouco é conhecido acerca de sua morfologia e distribuição na mucosa nasal normal de conchas inferiores de humanos. Com o objetivo de obter dados morfológicos e de distribuição das terminações nervosas em conchas nasais inferiores, espécimes retirados de seis indivíduos (três homens e três mulheres) com idades variando de 16 a 76 anos foram submetidos a estudo de imunofluorescência com o marcador pan-axonal antiproduto gênico protéico 9,5 e microscopia confocal de varredura a laser. Foram identificadas terminações nervosas livres, principalmente, nas camadas mais superficiais da lâmina própria, algumas bem próximas à membrana basal. Não foram identificadas terminações nervosas complexas, do tipo corpusculares. Não houve diferenças na distribuição das terminações nervosas quando comparadas as faces septal e meatal ou em função do sexo dos indivíduos avaliados. As terminações nervosas livres mantém relação íntima com glândulas seromucosas e seus ductos nas camadas mais superficiais da lâmina própria, bem como com vasos sanguíneos, sobretudo, em suas porções mais profundas, apontando para o papel que possuem na neuromodulação dos fenômenos de secreção glandular e controle vasomotor. Técnicas cirúrgicas que permitam a preservação dessas terminações nervosas livres talvez possibilitem desfechos pós-operatórios melhores, com maior resolução da queixa clínica de obstrução nasal e menor índice de complicações como a síndrome do nariz vazio (empty nose).
Zanellato, Fabbri Natalia 1981. "Utilização da provocação nasal com histamina e avaliação rinomanometrica em estudos de bioequivalencia para sprays nasais." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311768.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: Rinite alérgica é uma doença comum com ampla morbidade, que gera aumento considerável nos custos de tratamento médico, redução da produtividade no trabalho e absenteísmo escolar. A aplicação tópica de corticosteróides intranasal é amplamente reconhecida como primeira linha de tratamento antiinflamatório. Espera-se que a maioria dos sprays nasais prescritos como drogas de ação local, ainda não possuam patente permitindo o aumento de cópias genéricas desses medicamentos, levando a concorrência e redução de preço. Estudos de bioequivalência para sprays nasais estão ainda em discussão. Geralmente, os estudos para essa finalidade usa modelos de intervenção terapêutica a longo prazo, com altos custos para o paciente e longo tempo de duração. O objetivo deste trabalho foi mostrar a aplicabilidade da provocação nasal com histamina e rinomanometria em estudos de bioequivalência para sprays nasais. Trata-se de um estudo aberto, cruzado aleatorizado, utilizando dois períodos e duas seqüências para avaliar a equivalência farmacodinâmica entre duas formulações de sprays de dipropionato de beclometasona de manufaturamento distinto. Após estímulo nasal com histamina (0,5 mg/ml em ambas narinas), 25 voluntários saudáveis foram submetidos a rinomanometria anterior nos tempos 0; 15; 30 e 60 minutos para estabelecimento do fluxo, pressão e resistência basal de cada câmara nasal. Os voluntários foram submetidos à utilização do spray nasal com a droga teste (T) ou referência (R) de acordo com o esquema de randomização, e a área sobre a curva foi analisada. De acordo com os parâmetros estudados os resultados obtidos mostraram diferença significativa entre as duas formulações (p= 0,31) indicando a equivalência terapêutica entre as drogas T e R. Assim, estes resultados sugerem que provocação nasal com histamina em indivíduos saudáveis e o emprego da rinomanometria como método quantitativo das alterações provocadas nas câmaras nasais possam ser aplicáveis em estudos farmacodinâmicos de bioequivalência para sprays nasais
Abstract: Allergic rhinitis is a common condition with widespread morbidity, increased medical treatment costs, reduced work productivity and lost school days. Topically delivered intranasal corticosteroids are widely recognized to be the first-line anti-inflammatory treatment. It is expected that many of the most-prescribed nasal sprays for local action drugs will go off patent, allowing the increase of the generic copies of these medications, with more products competition and price reduction. The bioequivalence studies for nasal sprays are still in discussion. Usually the studies designs for this purpose use a long-term therapeutic intervention models using patients with high costs and time duration. This study was designed to demonstrate the feasibility of rhinomanometry in bioequivalence studies for nasal sprays. Study design, an open, randomized, crossover study, using two periods and two sequences to evaluate pharmacodynamic equivalence between two formulations of beclometasone dipropionate spray. After nasal challenge with histamine (0.5mg/ml, in both nostrils), 25 healthy volunteers were submited to an anterior rhinomanometry at the time 0; 15; 30 and 60 minutes building a baseline of flow, pression and resistance of nasal chamber. Then, the vontuteers were submited to nasal drug spray (Test (T) or Reference(R)), according to randomized schedule and the Are Under Curve (AUC0-t) analyzed. The results suggest the potential use of nasal histamine challenge and rhinomanometry evaluation in healthy subjects in bioequivalence studies for nasal sprays
Mestrado
Ciencias Basicas
Mestre em Clinica Medica
Hamerschmidt, Rodrigo. "Comparação da eficácia da turbinoplastia em pacientes com e sem rinite alérgica." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/38077.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Clínica Cirúrgica. Defesa: Curitiba, 27/03/2015
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Área de concentração : Eletrônicos em cirurgia
Resumo: A turbinoplastia é o procedimento que visa a redução da concha inferior, à custa da remoção óssea exuberante e maior preservação da mucosa. É indicada para pacientes com e sem rinite alérgica, com hipertrofia irreversível das conchas inferiores. Outros sintomas podem vir acompanhados com a obstrução nasal nos pacientes com rinite como anosmia, pressão facial e roncos. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a eficácia da cirurgia de turbinoplastia inferior nos sintomas obstrutivos e não obstrutivos em pacientes com e sem rinite alérgica. Este estudo foi prospectivo de coorte longitudinal com 57 pacientes submetidos a turbinoplastia inferior bilateral exclusiva. Foram avaliados quanto à obstrução nasal, roncos, pressão facial, alterações no olfato, espirros, prurido nasal e coriza, tempo de cirurgia e sangramento intra- operatório. Os pacientes foram avaliados com 7 e 30 dias de cirurgia quanto a melhora da obstrução nasal. A última avaliação foi com 3 meses de cirurgia. 39 pacientes apresentaram rinite alérgica e 18 não. Com 90 dias de cirurgia, 94,7% dos pacientes apresentaram graus IV e V de melhora na respiração; 89,5% apresentaram melhora moderada ou total dos roncos; todos os pacientes tiveram melhora no olfato (apenas 1 moderada, os demais melhora total); 95,5% obtiveram melhora total da pressão facial e 89,7% obtiveram melhora moderada ou total em prurido nasal, espirros e coriza. Como conclusão comprovouse a eficácia da cirurgia de turbinoplastia inferior não só nos sintomas obstrutivos mas também nos sintomas não obstrutivos de roncos, anosmia, pressão facial, prurido, espirros e coriza tanto em pacientes com rinite alérgica quanto sem, sendo que o tempo de cirurgia e o sangramento trans-operatório tiveram diferenças estatisticamente significantes. Palavras-chave: Rinite alérgica. Conchas Nasais. Turbinoplastia. Obstrução nasal.
Abstract: Turbinoplasty is a procedure that aims to reduce the inferior turbinate through exuberant bone removal and greater mucosal preservation. The procedure is recommended to patients with or without allergic rhinitis and who show irreversible hypertrophy of inferior turbinates. Another symptoms like anosmy, facial pressure and snoring can exist with nasal obstruction. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the inferior turbinoplasty for obstructive and non-obstructive symptoms in patients with or without allergic rhinitis. This was a prospective longitudinal cohort study with 57 patients who underwent inferior turbinoplasty. They were evaluated as to nasal obstruction, snoring, facial pressure, alterations in their smell, sneezing, nasal itching and runny nose symptoms, surgery time and intraoperative bleeding. The evaluations were with 7 and 30 days after surgery about breathing improvement. The last evaluation took place 3 months after surgery. 39 patients with allergic rhinitis and 18 without it. 90 days after surgery 94,7% of patients showed degrees IV and V of breathing improvement; 89,5% showed moderate or complete improvement in snoring; all the patients showed improvement in their smell (only 1 showed moderate improvement, the remaining complete); 95,5% experienced complete improvement of facial pressure and 89,7% showed moderate to complete improvement in nasal itching and runny nose symptoms as well as in sneezing. The conclusion was that the efficacy of the inferior turbinoplasty was confirmed not only for obstructive symptoms, but also for non-obstructive ones in patients with or without allergic rhinitis. Key words: Alergic rhinitis. Turbinates. Turbinoplasty. Nasal obstruction.
Yoshitoshi, Franz Naoki. "Contribuição da rinoscopia na avaliação de afecções nasais no cão (Canis familiaris)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10137/tde-20082007-142133/.
Full textThe aim of this study was to evaluate the nasal cavity of dogs, presented with chronic nasal disease, through rhinoscopy. In addition to checking the reliability of nasal biopsy results, rhinoscopy was used to identify the type and location of lesions and to relate them to the clinical and radiographic findings. Furthermore, we also gathered epidemiology data related to breed, age, weight and gender. For the purpose of this study we used 38 dogs that presented clinical signs and radiographic alterations compatible with chronic nasal disease. Regarding the epidemiology, the highest incidence of nasal diseases was noticed in mixed breed dogs. Also, nasal disease was more frequent in adult, male, large or medium sized dogs. The majority of nasal diseases were due to tumors, and in this regard the transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) was the most frequent and was mainly diagnosed in mixed breed, male, adult dogs. Mesenchymal neoplasia were the second most frequent alteration of the nasal cavity, followed by, epithelial neoplasia, polyps, chronic rhinitis, foreign bodies and aspergillosis. Rhinoscopy guided biopsy proved to be effective except in the case of mesenchymal tumors. The results of this study prove that rhinoscopy is an effective non-invasive diagnostic tool, which complements physical and radiological examination. Moreover, this study also shows that the association of anterior and posterior rhinoscopy techniques, allow for a wide visualization of the nasal cavity and determination of the biopsy location and collection of samples for culture. In additional, rhinoscopy is a useful tool for diagnosis and removal of foreign bodies.
Santos, Rodrigo Nogueira dos. ""Análise quantitativa das regiões glabelar e espinha nasal anterior visando à colocação de implantes para retenção de prótese nasais"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23144/tde-12012006-093058/.
Full textObjectives: To determine the precision of the measurements of two preestablished craniometric anatomical points, the glabella and anterior nasal spine, in order to verify their possibility as potential locations for placing implants aimed at the retention of nasal prostheses. Methods: Twenty-six dry human crania (13 male and 13 female) were scanned by means of continuous high-resolution spiral tomography equipment, with axial slices of 1 mm in thickness that were produced with reconstruction intervals of 1mm and a record length of 2 seconds, using a filter for bone tissue. The images obtained were stored and transferred to a workstation containing the e-film 1.5.3 imaging software, to process the axial slice images. The readings of these measurements were done independently by two observers, twice for each measurement. The data obtained were submitted by means of statistical analysis using two variables (glabella and anterior nasal spine) and taking into consideration one variation factor (male or female gender). Results: The mean values obtained for the anterior nasal spine were 12.04 mm for males and 11.62 mm for females. For the glabella they were 4.06 mm for males and 3.60 for females. Conclusions: The craniometric points evaluated presented values that indicated the possibility that they could be utilized for placing implants , particularly the anterior nasal spine. With regard to gender, there was no difference for the anterior nasal spine and a small, statistically non-significant difference for the glabella.
Coutinho, Adriana de Souza. "Mannheimiose pneumônica experimentalmente induzida em bezerros pela Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica A1-cepa D153 : achados do exame físico, hemograma e swabs nasal e nasofaringeano /." Botucatu, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101303.
Full textResumo: A Mannheimia haemolytica A1 é o agente etiológico da Mannheimiose Pneumônica Bovina (MPB), uma doença de grande importância econômica. Um modelo experimental de MPB foi utilizado com o objetivo de avaliar os sinais clínicos, as alterações hematológicas e as espécies bacterianas das cavidades nasais e nasofaringeanas de bezerros com MPB, em diferentes momentos do curso da doença. Um total de 28 bezerros foi divido em sete lotes e os bezerros de cada lote foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em cada um dos quatro grupos. Cada grupo foi avaliado em um momento do curso da MPB: grupo I às 12, grupo II às 24, grupo III às 48 e grupo IV às 72 horas após a inoculação. Após incubação por cinco horas, a 37ºC e sob rotação de 150 ciclos/min, os inóculos da cepa D153 de M. haemolytica A1, com concentrações variando entre 1,5 x 10 8 a 8,20 x 10 9 UFCs (Unidades Formadoras de Colônias), foram infundidos na região da carina em todos os bezerros de cada lote, por via transtraqueal, enquanto eram mantidos em decúbito lateral direito. As respostas dos bezerros de cada grupo, I a IV, à M. haemolytica A1 foram caracterizadas por: hipertermia e taquicardia, com a temperatura corporal e a freqüência cardíaca tendendo a ser mais baixa nos grupos I a III e alcançando valores mais elevados no grupo IV. A freqüência respiratória aumentou em todos os grupos após a inoculação, com os valores dos grupos III e IV tendendo a ser mais elevados. Os sinais clínicos qualitativos da MPB que indicaram alterações da condição física geral, do sistema cardiovascular e alterações oculares tenderam a melhorar à medida que a doença progrediu, quando os quatro grupos foram comparados. Adicionalmente, a freqüência da secreção nasal mucosa e a intensidade da secreção nasal muco-purulenta tenderam a aumentar, concomitantemente com o aumento da... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo).
Abstract: Mannheimia haemolytica A1 is the etiologic agent of Bovine Pneumonic Mannheimiosis (BPM), a disease of great economic importance. An experimental model of BPM was utilized with the objective of evaluating the clinical signs, hematologic changes and the bacterial species of the nasal and nasopharynx cavities of calves with BPM at different moments of the course of the disease. A total of 28 calves were divided in seven blocks, and the calves of each block were randomized to take part in one of four groups. Each group was evaluated at one moment of the course of BPM: group I at 12, II at 24, III at 48 and IV at 72 hours after inoculation. After incubation for 5 hours at 37ºC and under rotation of 150 cycles/min, the inoculums of the D153 strain of M. haemolytica A1, with concentrations varying between 1,5 x 10 8 a 8,20 x 10 9 CFU (Colonies Forming Unit), were infused at the karin region in all calves of each block, through transtraqueal route, while the calves were in right side lying. The reaction of the calves of each group (I to IV) to M. haemolytica A1 was characterized by: hipertermia and tachycardia, with body temperature and heart rate tending to be lower in groups I to III and reaching higher values in group IV. Respiratory rate increased in all groups after inoculation, with the values of groups III and IV tending to be higher. BPM qualitative clinical signs which indicated alterations of general physical condition, alterations of the cardiovascular system and ocular changes tended to improve along the progression of the disease when the four groups were compared. Additionally, the frequency of the mucous nasal... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Doutor
Gomes, Adriana de Oliveira Camargo. ""Dimensões nasais e nasofaríngeas de indivíduos sem evidências de obstrução nasal avaliadas por rinometria acústica no repouso e na fala."." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/61/61131/tde-20042006-132250/.
Full textObjective: To determine cross-sectional areas and volumes of specific segments of the nasal cavity, including the nasopharyngeal region, of individuals without evidences of nasal obstruction, and the same volumes during speech, with the purpose of establishing reference values. Model: Prospective analysis. Setting: Laboratory of Physiology, HRAC-USP. Participants: 30 caucasians volunteers, aged between 18 and 30 years (14 males and 16 females). Intervention/Variables: Cross-sectional areas corresponding to the nasal valve (CSA1), anterior edge of the inferior turbinate (CSA2) and posterior edge of the inferior turbinate (CSA3), and volumes corresponding to the nasal valve (V1), turbinate (V2) and nasopharyngeal regions (V3) were evaluated. Measurements were performed by acoustic rhinometry before and after nasal decongestion, at rest (voluntary interruption of respiration) and during velopharyngeal activity (silent continuous production of the sound /f/). Results: Mean values (±SD) of areas (in cm2) and volumes (in cm3) were the following: CSA1=0,54±0,13, CSA2=0,98±0,31, CSA3=1,42±0,44, V1=1,68±0,32, V2=3,98±1,12 and V3=18,93±3,51. After decongestion, the values were significantly larger (p<0,05). During speech, volumes were the following: V1=1,80±0,22; V2=4,22±1,20; V3=15,32±5,40. Nasopharyngeal volume (V3) measured during speech was significantly smaller than at rest (p<0,05). Conclusion: The comparison of the nasal cross-sectional areas and volumes obtained with those reported in the literature validate their use as reference values and the use of acoustic rhinometry to assess nasal geometry and velopharyngeal activity during speech.
Trevisan, Iara Buriola [UNESP]. "Sintomas nasais, parâmetros hemodinâmicos e perfil inflamatório nasal e sistêmico de cortadores de cana-de-açúcar expostos à queima de biomassa." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/134242.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Introdução: A colheita da cana-de-açúcar precedida pela queima noturna expõe trabalhadores a altas concentrações de poluentes que somados aos efeitos da jornada de trabalho acarreta o aumento do trabalho cardiorrespiratório, ocasionando alterações multissistêmicas. Apesar das grandes evidências dos efeitos deletérios da exposição ao material particulado (MP), ainda tem sido dada pouca atenção aos efeitos das exposições ocupacionais a longo prazo. Objetivos: Esta dissertação teve como objetivos: avaliar os sintomas nasais, parâmetros hemodinâmicos e perfil inflamatório nasal e sistêmico de cortadores de cana-de-açúcar expostos à queima de biomassa ao longo de uma safra canavieira. Métodos: Foram avaliados no artigo I 41 indivíduos e no artigo II 45 indivíduos, cortadores de cana-de-açúcar do gênero masculino de uma usina de açúcar e álcool, divididos em grupos de acordo com o hábito tabagístico. Para avaliação da frequência e intensidade dos sintomas nasais foi aplicado questionário de sintomas respiratórios e para avaliação dos parâmetros hemodinâmicos foi registrado valores de pressão arterial (PA), frequência cardíaca (FC) e respiratória (f). Para análise do perfil inflamatório nasal (IL-6, IL-10 e IL-4) foi coletado amostras de lavado nasal e para análise de perfil inflamatório sistêmico (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 e IL-10) e contagem total de monócitos e neutrófilos foram realizados coletas de sangue venoso. As avaliações ocorreram durante a pré-safra (março), meio da safra (julho) e final da safra (outubro) de 2014. Resultados: Durante o meio da safra houve aumento significativo da frequência e intensidade dos sintomas espirros, congestão nasal além do aumento de relatos na dificuldade para respirar. Em relação a PA, FC e f todos os participantes apresentaram alterações significativas durante a safra. Na análise do perfil inflamatório houve alterações significativas a nível sistêmico para IL-8 e contagem de neutrófilos que obteve aumento no meio da safra seguido de um decréscimo ao final safra. Conclusões: Conclui-se que cortadores de cana-de-açúcar apresentam aumento na frequência e intensidade de sintomas nasais assim como alterações nos parâmetros hemodinâmicos principalmente no meio da safra. Além disso, todos os cortadores apresentaram diminuição de IL-8 e número de neutrófilos a nível sistêmico devido a exposição repetida ao MP.
Introduction: The harvest of sugarcane preceded by night burning exposes workers to high concentrations of pollutants added to the effects of the workday causes increased cardiorespiratory work, causing alterations multisystem. Despite the great evidences of the deleterious effects of exposure to particulate matter (PM), still has been given little attention to the effects of long-term occupational exposures. Objective: This Master’s thesis aimed to evaluated nasal symptoms, hemodynamic parameters and nasal and systemic inflammatory profile of sugarcane cutters exposed to biomass burning along a sugarcane harvest. Methods: Were evaluated in article I 41 individuals and in article II 45 individuals, sugarcane cutters, male cutters from a sugar and alcohol plant divided into groups according to smoking habit. To evaluate the frequency and intensity nasal symptoms was questionnaire applied of respiratory symptoms and to evaluate the hemodynamic parameters was registered blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and respiratory (f). For analysis of the nasal inflammatory profile (IL-6, IL-10 and IL-4) was collected nasal lavage and for analysis of the systemic inflammatory profile (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10) and total count monocytes and neutrophils from venous blood were performed. The evaluations occurred during the pre-harvest (March), middle of harvest (July) and end of harvest (October) in 2014. Results: During the middle of harvest there was a significant increase in the frequency and intensity of symptoms sneezing, nasal congestion beyond the increase in reports of difficulty in breathing. In relation the BP, HR and RR all participants showed significant alterations during the harvest. For analysis of inflammatory profile there were significant changes in systemic levels for IL-8 and neutrophil counts that had an increase in middle of harvest followed by a decrease at the end of harvest. Conclusions: Conclude that sugarcane cutters have increased in frequency and intensity of nasal symptoms, as well as changes in hemodynamic parameters, mainly in the middle of harvest. In addition, all cutters showed a decrease in IL-8 and neutrophil counts at systemic level at the end of harvest due to repeated exposure to PM.
FAPESP: 2014/08029-0
Trevisan, Iara Buriola. "Sintomas nasais, parâmetros hemodinâmicos e perfil inflamatório nasal e sistêmico de cortadores de cana-de-açúcar exposto à queima de biomassa /." Presidente Prudente, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/134242.
Full textBanca: Fábio Santos de Lira
Banca: Renata Calciolari Rossi e Silva
Resumo: A colheita da cana-de-açúcar precedida pela queima noturna expõe trabalhadores a altas concentrações de poluentes que somados aos efeitos da jornada de trabalho acarreta o aumento do trabalho cardiorrespiratório, ocasionando alterações multissistêmicas. Apesar das grandes evidências dos efeitos deletérios da exposição ao material particulado (MP), ainda tem sido dada pouca atenção aos efeitos das exposições ocupacionais a longo prazo. Objetivos: Esta dissertação teve como objetivos: avaliar os sintomas nasais, parâmetros hemodinâmicos e perfil inflamatório nasal e sistêmico de cortadores de cana-de-açúcar expostos à queima de biomassa ao longo de uma safra canavieira. Métodos: Foram avaliados no artigo I 41 indivíduos e no artigo II 45 indivíduos, cortadores de cana-de-açúcar do gênero masculino de uma usina de açúcar e álcool, divididos em grupos de acordo com o hábito tabagístico. Para avaliação da frequência e intensidade dos sintomas nasais foi aplicado questionário de sintomas respiratórios e para avaliação dos parâmetros hemodinâmicos foi registrado valores de pressão arterial (PA), frequência cardíaca (FC) e respiratória (f). Para análise do perfil inflamatório nasal (IL-6, IL-10 e IL-4) foi coletado amostras de lavado nasal e para análise de perfil inflamatório sistêmico (TNF-α, IL- 6, IL-8 e IL-10) e contagem total de monócitos e neutrófilos foram realizados coletas de sangue venoso. As avaliações ocorreram durante a pré-safra (março), meio da safra (julho) e final da safra (outubro) de 2014...
Abstract: The harvest of sugarcane preceded by night burning exposes workers to high concentrations of pollutants added to the effects of the workday causes increased cardiorespiratory work, causing alterations multisystem. Despite the great evidences of the deleterious effects of exposure to particulate matter (PM), still has been given little attention to the effects of long-term occupational exposures. Objective: This Master's thesis aimed to evaluated nasal symptoms, hemodynamic parameters and nasal and systemic inflammatory profile of sugarcane cutters exposed to biomass burning along a sugarcane harvest. Methods: Were evaluated in article I 41 individuals and in article II 45 individuals, sugarcane cutters, male cutters from a sugar and alcohol plant divided into groups according to smoking habit. To evaluate the frequency and intensity nasal symptoms was questionnaire applied of respiratory symptoms and to evaluate the hemodynamic parameters was registered blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and respiratory (f). For analysis of the nasal inflammatory profile (IL-6, IL-10 and IL-4) was collected nasal lavage and for analysis of the systemic inflammatory profile (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10) and total count monocytes and neutrophils from venous blood were performed. The evaluations occurred during the preharvest (March), middle of harvest (July) and end of harvest (October) in 2014...
Mestre
BELLANTONIO, SOPHIE. "Intubation bi-canaliculo-nasale dans les dacryocystites : interet d'un verrouillage endo-nasal par patch de teflon ; a propos de 50 cas." Amiens, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AMIEM044.
Full textSamarão, Filipa Rosa Lima Barros Afonso. "Novos sistemas terapêuticos para administração nasal de fármacos." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5315.
Full textA via de administração nasal de fármacos é uma via não invasiva e apresenta um elevado interesse devido às vantagens que possui relativamente a outras vias, tais como: previne o metabolismo hepático, a sua mucosa apresenta uma elevada área disponível para absorção, possui um epitélio fino e altamente vascularizado. Estas caraterísticas permitem obter uma elevada permeabilidade e uma rápida absorção dos fármacos administrados, principalmente quando se pretende um efeito sistémico. No entanto, vários fatores condicionam a absorção de fármacos a nível nasal, como a rápida clearance mucociliar, a atividade enzimática, o pH da formulação ou a lipossolubilidade do fármaco. A via nasal permite alcançar uma ação local ou sistémica. Possibilita o acesso dos fármacos ao Sistema Nervoso Central, permitindo o tratamento de diversas patologias. A mucosa nasal permite, ainda a veiculação de vacinas, apresentando-se como uma importante alternativa à via parenteral. Os novos sistemas farmacêuticos são estudados para veicular fármacos através da via nasal face aos sistemas farmacêuticos convencionais, pois estes sistemas oferecem vantagens como uma administração controlada, proteção, aumentam o tempo de retenção do fármaco na mucosa nasal e aumentam a sua permeação através do epitélio, conduzindo a um aumento da biodisponibilidade.
The nasal drug delivery is a non-invasive route that has a high interest and possesses several advantages over other routes. Intranasal administration avoids the hepatic first-pass metabolism, the nasal mucosa has a thin epithelium and is highly vascularized. These characteristics allow a high permeability and rapid absorption of drugs administered, especially when systemic effects are intended. However, several factors affect the nasal absorption such as the rapid mucociliary clearance, the enzymatic activity, the pH of the formulation or drug liposolubility. The nasal route allows local or systemic effects, has potential to target the central nervous system, enabling treatment of various disorders. The nasal mucosa is suitable for vaccine administration and is an important alternative to the parenteral route. Novel drug delivery systems are studied to deliver drugs through the nasal route, because these systems offer advantages such as sustained drug delivery, increase drug residence time in the nasal mucosa and increase the permeation through the nasal mucosa, increasing the bioavailability.
Radulesco, Thomas. "Apports de la simulation numérique des écoulements à la chirurgie fonctionnelle du nez." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0572.
Full textIntroduction: The goal of our work was to analyze the correlations between CFD variable and patients impairment on one hand and to validate the use of VS protocols in the other.Methods. A literature review (using the PRISMA model) allowed us to include papers dealing with the correlation of CFD variables with the patient's impairment. Then, we performed a study including 22 patients with NO. 3D reconstruction (ITK-Snap®) and volume mesh (Star-CCM + ®) were initiated from CTscans. Numerical calculations, by resolution of Navier-Stokes equations, allowed to compute CFD variables (total pressure, temperature, heat flux, WSS, velocities, airflow and nasal resistances). To determine the reliability and feasibility of VS for septoplasty, we compared VS models to postoperative models, comparing their CFD variables. Results We found heat flux was the best variable in terms of correlations with the patient's impairment. The 22-patients study found that heat flux had the best correlation with the patient's perception score (rs = 0.86). Heat flux made it possible to distinguish the more obstructed side in 100% of patients. Numerical resistances were strongly correlated with patient perception scores (rs=0.6, p<0.001). Conclusion: The numerical simulation of the flows makes it possible to better understand the physiopathology of the nasosinus cavities. We have shown that the variables were recorded with the payment, but also with the patient, simply, through the study of heat transfer (heat flow). In addition, CV can reliably simulate a septoplasty
Poussel, Mathias. "Reflexe de toux et sa modulation par la stimulation nasale par l'eau chez le lapin anesthésié." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0181/document.
Full textContext - Cough may be triggered by irritation of afferents located in the airway mucosa. Primary role is to expel inhaled foreign matter from the lungs or clear the airways of endogenous mucus. Stimulation of the nasal mucosa provokes defensive responses but not cough. The ‘cough center’ can be tuned by various afferent inputs, suggesting possible interactions at a central level of neural pathways originating from distant anatomical sites. Objective - The present study was designed to determine whether brief mechanical stimulation of the trachea could trigger cough during apnoea elicited by nasal instillation of water. Method - Twelve anesthetized, tracheotomized rabbits were studied. Mechanical stimulation of the trachea was performed under 3 conditions: baseline control, after instillation of saline into the nose and during apnoea following instillation of water. Results - Baseline breathing pattern did not differ between the 3 conditions. In a series of 171 stimulations, expiration reflex occurred in 81% of stimulations during apnoea with a significantly (p < 0.0001) lower peak expiratory flow than at baseline or during saline instillation. The incidence of responses comprising a cough reflex was also lower during water instillation than at either baseline or with saline (p < 0.0001). Conclusion - These results indicate that stimulation of nasal afferents with distilled water likely down-regulates cough
Couhert, Lombardin Ghislaine. "Ventilation assistée à domicile par masque nasal dans le traitement de l'insuffisance respiratoire chronique grave : à propos de 24 cas." Saint-Etienne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STET6233.
Full textDuroux, Stéphane. "Neuropeptides et muqueuse nasale." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR23014.
Full textAuler, Fernanda de Assis Bueno. "Associação da radiografia, tomografia computadorizada e rinoscopia no auxílio diagnóstico das afecções em cavidade nasal e seios paranasais de cães." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10137/tde-01022012-101315/.
Full textIntroduction: The nasal and sinus disorders in dogs have various causes, and sometimes go with sinusitis that there is no pre-existing nasal disease. The presumptive diagnosis is based on clinical manifestations as nasal discharge, sneezing, reverse sneezing, gagging, stertor, halitosis, epistaxis, cough, open-mouth breathing, pain and facial deformation. To complete the diagnosis, image examinations, rhinoscopy, cultures, cytology and histopathological fidings. Objectives: This observational study aimed to evaluate the contribution to the diagnosis of disorders of the nasal cavity and paranasal in dogs, radiography, computed tomography and rhinoscopy, performing comparison of diagnostic methods through the comparative score conceived for this purpose. Materials and methods: This study used 20 dogs of Veterinary Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny of the University of São Paulo, with clinical signs compatible with nasal disorder and undergone radiographic examination, computed tomography and rhinoscopy. The biopsy was performed on 18 dogs through rhinoscopy, where is tissue proliferation, ulcer or change in the nasal mucosa histology study being forwarded to. Results: Significant results were observed by the score with radiography, computed tomography, rhinoscopy associated with computed tomography, and also, separately, as rhinoscopy diagnostic methods more specific differentiation of malignant lesion. The rhinoscopy demonstrated how advantage to visualize directly differentiating presence or not of inflammation or tissue proliferation, alteration, foreign body and fungal plaques. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that although having different specific utilization, radiography, computed tomography and rhinoscopy as diagnostic methods arranged in nasal disorders of dogs and evaluated. In cases of tissue proliferation, histological study proved most useful in final diagnostic compared to the image exams and rhinoscopy.
Ridgeon, Lloyd. "Nothing but the truth : the Sufi testament of 'Aziz Nasafi." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1996. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/534/.
Full textDrake-Lee, Adrian. "Nasal polyps." Thesis, University of Bath, 1988. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760576.
Full textWalker, Rachel. "Nasalization, neutral segments, and opacity effects /." New York [u.a.] : Garland, 2000. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy032/00026420.html.
Full textHannuch, Sheila Minatti [UNESP]. "A nasalidade do português brasileiro no canto: da representação à aplicação na prática vocal." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151265.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A nasalidade do português brasileiro cantado e falado se caracteriza por uma grande variação articulatória. Com o objetivo de organizar e esclarecer essas múltiplas possibilidades de tratamento articulatório no canto, o presente trabalho investiga o comportamento e a articulação dos processos nasais na fala em português brasileiro, apresenta uma proposta de transcrição fonética para esses sons no canto e evidencia distintas possibilidades de variação articulatória pertinentes à pratica musical. Dessa maneira, estabelece um trajeto que fundamenta o processo de escolha dos símbolos a serem utilizados na representação fonética dos nasais no canto, baseado em estudos fonético-fonológicos da fala e na abordagem articulatória, até a sua aplicação prática, por meio do uso da sílaba melódica em uma proposta alternativa de representação.
The nasality of the Brazilian Portuguese language sung and spoken is characterized by a great articulatory variation. In order to organize and clarify these multiple possibilities of articulatory treatment in singing, the present work investigates the behavior and articulation of nasal processes in Brazilian Portuguese, presents a proposal of phonetic transcription for these sounds in the singing and shows different possibilities of articulatory variation pertinent to musical practice. In this way, it establishes a path that bases the process of choosing the symbols to be used in the phonetic representation of the nasals in the song, based on phonetic-phonological studies of speech and in the articulatory approach until its practical application, through the use of the melodic syllable in an alternative proposal for representation.
Baillie, Neil Alexander. "Modelling nasal airflows." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419445.
Full textBrant, Tereza Cristina Silva. "Efeitos da desobstrução rinofaríngea retrógada isolada e associada à instilação de soro fisiológico (0,9%NACL), sobre as propriedades do muco nasal, a celularidade e as citocinas em lavado nasal e sintomas nasais de motociclistas profissionais expostos à poluição da cidade de Belo Horizonte." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-02122014-084307/.
Full textIntroduction: Rhinopharyngeal Retrograde Clearance (RRC) is a respiratory therapy technique applied to infants with upper airway obstruction that may also be associated with nasal irrigation with isotonic saline for removal of viscous mucus adhered to the walls of the airways. OBJECTIVE: Characterize the profile of professional motorcycles exposed to urban pollution in relation to the nasal mucociliary transport (NMCT), inflammation of the upper airways and nasal symptoms and compare the effect of DRR alone and associated with instillation of isotonic saline (RCC + S). Methods: Twenty-four volunteers were randomly divided into two groups (RCC and RCC + S) and were submitted to 15 consecutive days of treatment. The baseline and post-intervention consisted of analysis of the transit saccharin test, the total and differential cellularity nasal lavage, and symptoms of upper airway through the SNOT-20, as well as the study of personal exposure to air pollution, by analyzing the concentration of diffuse nitrogen dioxide monitoring system. The NMCT was evaluated with ANOVA for repeated measures and the SNOT-20 with the Mann-Whitney test. The correlations between the concentration of NO2 and the upper airway outcomes were tested using the Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: The groups showed similar demographic and clinical data. The NMCT was abnormal in 25% of the volunteers and 100% of the volunteers had symptoms of upper airways. After treatment the upper airway symptoms and the NMCT showed significant improvement despite the increase in the number of macrophages and ciliated cells on the nasal lavage. No correlation was observed between dioxide nitrogen and TMCN and with the symptoms of the upper airways. Conclusion: Nonpharmacological, simple and inexpensive techniques are effective to treat abnormal NMCT and improve symptoms of upper airway in nonsmoking adults
Verhoeven, Paul. "Colonisation muqueuse par Staphilococcus aureus et persistance du portage nasal." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STET013T.
Full textStaphylococcus aureus nasal carriage is a major risk factor of infection with this bacterium in humans. The role of S. aureus extra-nasal carriage in endogenous infections remain elusive. By contrast to intermittent carriers and noncarriers, persistent carriers have a higher risk of S. aureus infection, especially in dialysis patients. We have developed and validated an algorithm to predict the nasal carriage state in clinical practice for proposing decolonization to carriers having the highest risk of S. aureus infection. We found a high diversity between S. aureus strains colonizing the nose, the throat and the rectum, suggesting that extra-nasal carriage could be an additional risk factor of S. aureus infection. Finally, we studied several bacterial determinants of persistent nasal carriage. Our preliminary results suggest that S. aureus isolated in persistent and intermittent carriers harboured similar features
Jeanson, Ludovic. "Recherche de nouveaux facteurs moléculaires impliqués dans la physiopathologie des polyposes nasosinusiennes primitives et secondaires : approche protéomique et cellulaire." Thesis, Paris Est, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PEST0045.
Full textHuman nasal epithelial cells (HNEC) play an important role in nasal polyposis(NP). NP have generally an unknown etiology, less frequently, NP is secondary to cystic fibrosis (CF NP) or primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD NP). The aim of this thesis is to identify differentially expressed proteins in NP, CF NP and PCD NP using proteomic approach then to characterize them by classical methodes. In this study, we used primary culture (air/liquid)of HNEC derived from NP patients (surgery waste) or healthy patients (brushing). The iTRAQ labeling folowing by nano-LC-MALDI-TOF-TOF analysis shown in particular :1)an increased expression of six endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers in NP and CF NP, 2)an alteration of glucose metabolism (decreased expression of six proteins with in particular the pyruvate kinase, glycolysis key enzyme) and 3)an decreased expression of 12 acto-myosin filament proteins (in particular three tropomyosins). We caracterized the ER stress in NP showing that ER stress is activated by an oxydative stress susceptibility of NP HNEC probably of mitochondrial origin and that it directly participate to inflammation (IL-8 and LTB4 secretions). Altogether, our results underline a vicious circle that exists between oxidative stress, ER stress and inflammation.The oxydative stress susceptibility observed in NP may represent new therapeutic target in such a pathology
Lobb, Edmund G. "Modelling of flow dynamics and nasal function in simplified nasal airways." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11090.
Full textNguyen, Thi Thanh Loi. "Vaccin nanoparticulaire muqueux contre la toxoplasmose chronique et congénitale." Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR3802.
Full textToxoplasmosis is a cosmopolitan anthropozoonosis due to the obligate intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. This infectious disease is most often benign in immunocompetent individuals but is particularly severe for pregnant women or immunocompromised patients. In addition to its significant impact on human medicine, toxoplasmosis is a major veterinary health problem. Currently, the only means to fight this parasite remain chemotherapy because there is no effective prophylactic strategy. The development of an effective vaccine is a real challenge and is based on the observation that a primary infection of immunocompetent hosts induces a effective and long-term protective immune response and protects during reinfection and in particular against the risk of congenital infection
Canata, Diego Mena. "Perfil redox da classificação clínica de polipose nasal." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/143816.
Full textIntroduction: Nasal polyposis (NP) is considered a chronic inflammatory condition of the mucosa of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses of etiology is not very clear. There are few data on epithelial changes in nasal polyposis and its relation to the action of free radicals. Many diseases are linked to damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen (RNSs) and occur from an imbalance between them and antioxidants, whichever is greater activity of reactive species, what we call oxidative stress. Objective: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate oxidative stress in polyps surgically removed in 3 groups of patients with nasal polyposis, in order to elucidate possible differences in redox profile in these groups. Methods: Fifty nine patients diagnosed with nasal polyposis were divided into three groups: a control group, an asthma group (NP with asthma) and a Widal group (NP with asthma and aspirin intolerance) in which patients had an association of NP, asthma and aspirin intolerance. Measurement and main results: In this work enzymatic defenses (superoxide dismutase, hydrogen peroxide consumption, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase) and non-enzymatic defenses (total glutathione, measurement of nitrites and nitrates, vitamin C and E) were analyzed. Also the measurement of damage in lipids (malondialdehyde) and proteins (carbonyl) was conducted. In the asthma group, hydrogen peroxide consumption, glutathione peroxidase activity, malondialdehyde, and vitamin E levels were significantly lower than in the control group. The Widal group showed significant higher glutathione levels, nitrite and nitrate levels than found in the control group. No differences were found among the groups regarding carbonyl level, polyp size, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione S-transferase activities. Conclusions: The redox classification of the groups of NP was partly achieved. Polyps of patients with asthma have changes in enzymatic defense pathways related to hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation while polyps of patients with Widal triad present changes in nitric oxide and glutathione.
Poulallion, Bernard. "Imperforations choanales : formes syndromiques, prise en charge, place dans les obstructions nasales." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2M084.
Full textSilva, Daniela Brunelli e. "Há relação entre a posição de decúbito e a presença de desvio septal unilateral?" reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/104128.
Full textDubief, Fernand. "De l'inflammation chronique des follicules clos (glande de Luschka) de l'arrière-cavité des fosses nasales et de son traitement par la douche naso-pharyngienne thèse pour le doctorat en médecine présentée et soutenue le 29 juillet 1878 /." Paris : BIUM, 2003. http://www.bium.univ-paris5.fr/histmed/medica/cote?TPAR1878x323.
Full textTourville, José. "Licensing and the representation of floating nasals." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39274.
Full textZscherpe, Julia [Verfasser]. "Nasale Pulverformulierungen zur systemischen Wirkstoffapplikation / Julia Zscherpe." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1019811064/34.
Full textTrows, Sabrina [Verfasser]. "Pulverformulierungen für die nasale Vakzinierung / Sabrina Trows." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1031190643/34.
Full textPenner, Edwige. "L'harmonie nasale en guarani : une approche autosegmentale." Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0306.
Full textNasal harmony in guarani (the national language of paraguay) is triggered by a nasal lexeme or a lexeme with a prenasalized consonant and this harmony can propagate on the whole phonological word. A specific category of affixes shows alternations of consonants which depend on the nasal structure of the dominant morpheme. Nasal harmony has been analyzed by generative and post-generative phonology as a generalized derivational process, provoked by a single segment, in both intramorphemic and extramorphemic contexts. The aim of this study is to analyze the nasal structure of the dominant morphemes as a non-derivated morphemic reality. Within the formal pattern of autosegmental phonology, nasality and nasalization can be distinguished through a non-derivational approach. Three archetypal profiles are determined : oral, nasal and complexe. The nasalization of the affixes can then be explained as a (more extended) actualization of the nasal or the complexe profile
Reynolds, Daniel Christopher. "Control-structure interaction mitigation for NASA's Gateway." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122380.
Full textThesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2019
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 127-134).
The Gateway is an advanced National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) concept for a multi-module space station to be placed in a near rectilinear halo orbit around the Moon sometime in the next decade. The first module of the Gateway is known as the Power and Propulsion Element (PPE), and is set to launch in 2022. As the station's first module, the PPE will be responsible for providing the Gateway with "electrical power, communications, attitude control, orbit maintenance, and the ability to change orbits" [16]. Control of the Gateway represents a complicated and unique control problem due to the space-craft's status as a large, multi-modular spacecraft; it will have multiple dominant structural modes from its comprising elements: modules, external payloads, solar arrays, a robotic arm, visiting spacecraft, etc [31]. Other spacecraft in this class include the Space Shuttle, the Mir space station, and the International Space Station (ISS).
The field that pertains to the "coupling" of control inputs and the resultant structural dynamics is known as "Control-Structure Interaction (CSI)" [22], and developing CSI mitigation strategies from induced propulsive and non-propulsive actuation has become an important objective for control systems engineers working on large, flexible space structures today. The current standard for CSI management is evident in the recently retired Space Shuttle's flight control system: a phase-plane attitude control loop with notch filters on the feedback channel that enabled docked operations with the Mir space station and the ISS. However, when unconstrained by the Shuttle's architecture and freed to investigate more modernized and adaptable control methods, additional options arise as feasible candidates for Gateway CSI mitigation.
For example, a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) provides the basis for individual state vector cost weighting, so that steps can be taken to more directly target the vibrations resulting from multiple structural elements. A Frequency Weighted Linear Quadratic Regulator (FWLQR) extends the functionality of a LQR by enabling the direct penalization of specified frequencies in order to shape the system's dynamic responses. The Model Predictive Control (MPC) optimization-based approach supplements the frequency-weighted LQR by adding input and output constraint-handling capabilities. Out of all of the CSI mitigation strategies evaluated, MPC appears to be the optimum candidate for large, flexible space structure CSI mitigation for its adaptability, flexibility, and relative performance. The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government.
by Daniel Christopher Reynolds.
S.M.
S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Long, Christopher C. "Data Processing for NASA's TDRSS DAMA Channel." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/611474.
Full textPresently, NASA's Space Network (SN) does not have the ability to receive random messages from satellites using the system. Scheduling of the service must be done by the owner of the spacecraft through Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). The goal of NASA is to improve the current system so that random messages, that are generated on board the satellite, can be received by the SN. The messages will be requests for service that the satellites control system deems necessary. These messages will then be sent to the owner of the spacecraft where appropriate action and scheduling can take place. This new service is known as the Demand Assignment Multiple Access system (DAMA).
Moreddu, Éric. "La ventilation nasale du nouveau-né : études cliniques d'anomalies congénitales, modélisations numériques de l'écoulement et du réchauffement de l'air." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0734/document.
Full textNasal breathing is essential for the newborn, exclusive nasal breather. The anterior third of the nasal fossae may be modified by a congenital stenosis of the pyriform aperture, while their posterior part may be closed by unilateral or bilateral choanal atresia.Numerical simulations are a good means to analyze airflow and air-conditioning: they circumvent the technical and ethical limits encountered in vivo. Given the rarity of available data in the literature, a feasibility study was necessary and was conclusive: numerical models are qualitatively close to reality. A work on the physiological conditions in newborns was conducted, using refined methodology. The three-dimensional reconstruction of the nasal fossae is possible from birth. The creation of a sphere centered on the tip of the nose, moving the boundary conditions away from the area of interest, made it possible to analyze the role of the anterior third od the nasal fossae.The nasal valve plays a major in inspiration: it is a zone of pressure loss, acceleration, flow guidance and air warming. Three-fourths of the warming takes place upstream the inferior turbinate. A partial nasal obstruction modifies these results with lower velocities and higher temperature of the air. The simulation of the inspiration of cold air (0°C) has shown that the nasal fossae can dampen, without canceling, the effects of air cooling. This work is a first approach to the physiology of nasal ventilation of the newborn by numerical modeling, which is essential to the understanding of neonatal nasal pathology
Moura, Bianca Hocevar de. "O papel da turbinectomia inferiorparcial endoscópica narinosseptoplastia : um ensaio clínico randomizado com avaliação de qualidade de vida." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/165669.
Full textObjectives/Hypothesis: To evaluate the impact of endoscopic partial inferior turbinectomy (EPIT) associated with primary Rhinoseptoplasty on quality of life outcomes (QOL), complications, and surgical duration. Study Design: Randomized clinical trial. Methods: Individuals with nasal obstruction aged ≥ 16 years who were candidates for functional and aesthetics primary Rhinoseptoplasty were evaluated from March 2014 through May 2015 at a tertiary university hospital in Brazil. Eligible participants were randomly allocated to rhinoseptoplasty with or without EPIT. Outcomes: Absolute change (postoperative –preoperative) in the following QOL scores: Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation-Portuguese (NOSE-p), Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) and World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-bref (to measure general QOL). Outcomes were blindly assessed 3 months postoperatively. The protocol was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02231216). Results: Fifty patients were studied. Most were Caucasian and had moderate/severe allergic rhinitis symptoms. Mean age was 36 (±14.5) years. Rhinoseptoplasty was associated with improvement in all QOL scores irrespective of turbinate intervention (P <0.001). ANCOVA was conducted to control for potential confounders. There was no difference between the groups in absolute score changes for NOSE-p (-50.5 vs. -47.6; P=0.723); ROE (47 vs. 44.8; P = 0,742), and all WHOQOL-bref score domains (P >0.05). There were no differences between the groups regarding presence of the complications. Surgical duration was higher in the EPIT group (212 minutes ± 7.8 vs. 159.1 ± 5.6; p ˂ 0.001). Conclusions: Turbinate reduction through EPIT during primary rhinoseptoplasty did not improve short-term general and specific QOL outcomes. The use of EPIT increases surgical time considerably without improving QOL scores. There was no difference in postoperative incidence of complications, suggesting that EPIT is a safe technique.
Correa, Bruna Teixeira. "Aquisição das vogais nasais francesas [ɛ̃], [ã] e [ɔ̃] por aprendizes brasileiros: aspectos acústico-articulatórios." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2017. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br:8080/handle/prefix/3579.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Este trabalho se propõe a investigar a aquisição das vogais nasais [ɛ̃], [ã] e [ɔ̃] da Língua Francesa por aprendizes do curso de licenciatura em Letras Português/Francês da Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Em termos articulatórios, essa classe de segmentos caracteriza-se pelo abaixamento do véu palatino, o que gera o acoplamento dos tubos nasal e oral (SEARA, 2000; DEMOLIN e MEDEIROS, 2006; BARBOSA e MADUREIRA, 2015) e, consequentemente, por aspectos acústicos diferentes daqueles encontrados nas vogais orais. Com a passagem livre do ar no trato nasal, o primeiro formante (F1) tende a abaixar e o terceiro (F3) a aumentar (HAWKINS e STEVENS, 1985; DELVAUX, 2001). Há também uma modificação na amplitude de picos espectrais – menor para as nasais –, aparecimento de picos espectrais adicionais e uma maior duração para os referidos segmentos (MORAES e WETZELS, 1992; SOUSA, 1994). Para desenvolver essa pesquisa, tomou-se como base a Fonologia Gestual (BROWMAN e GOLDSTEIN, 1986), cujas análises abordam o caráter dinâmico da fala e tratam o gesto como primitivo de análise. Para tanto, foram realizadas coletas de dados orais e articulatórios com três grupos de informantes: Grupo I - 8 aprendizes de FLE de semestres distintos (2º, 3º, 5º, 7º e 8º) do curso de licenciatura; Grupo II - 4 nativas de francês; e Grupo III - 4 nativas de português brasileiro. Os instrumentos de coletas consistem para a produção oral, em um teste de eliciação de palavras e de logatomas em frase-veículo e para a produção articulatória, somente o segundo tipo de teste já referido. As coletas dos Grupos I e III foram realizadas na cabine acústica do Laboratório Emergência da Linguagem Oral (LELO/UFPel); já as do Grupo II, em Paris/França. Para análise acústica dos dados de produção oral, foi utilizado o software PRAAT versão 6.0.20; para a análise articulatória, o software Articulate Assistant Advanced (AAA), versão 2.16.11. A análise dos segmentos dos dois grupos de nativas constatou que (i) as vogais nasais do PB têm maior duração absoluta, bem como maior duração de seus murmúrios; (ii) a duração relativa da fase nasal das vogais do francês são mais longas; (iii) para diferenciar segmento nasal de oral, a nativa do francês posterioriza seus movimentos de língua, já a do português, eleva. Quanto aos dados das aprendizes, foi possível constatar: (i) as vogais nasais do francês têm maior duração relativa e absoluta quando comparadasàs do português; (ii) maior duração absoluta da fase nasal das vogais da LE; (iii) menores valores de duração do murmúrio no FR; (iv) generalização de gestos de língua da informante do 2º semestre para as três vogais nasais do FR e (v) distinção acurada da informante do 8º.
This work aims to investigate the acquisition of the nasal vowels [ɛ̃], [ã] and [ɔ̃] of French by learners in an undergraduate course in Languages (Portuguese and French) of Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel, Brazil). In articulatory terms, this class of segments is characterized by a lowering of the velum, which makes a connection between nasal and oral tubes (SEARA, 2000; DEMOLIN and MEDEIROS, 2006; BARBOSA and MADUREIRA, 2015). Consequently, the acoustic aspects that characterize these vowels are different from those found in oral vowels. With the free passage of air in the nasal tract, the first formant value (F1) tends to lower and the third formant value (F3) tends to rise (HAWKINS and STEVENS, 1985; DELVAUX, 2001). There is also a change in the width of spectral peaks – which is smaller for nasal vowels –, as well as the appearance of additional spectral peaks and a longer length for these segments (MORAES and WETZELS, 1992; SOUSA, 1994). In order to develop this research, Gestural Phonology (BROWMAN and GOLDSTEIN, 1986) has been adopted as a theoretical basis. Its analyses approach the dynamic nature of speech and regard the gesture as a primitive of analysis. To this end, collections of oral and articulatory data have been made with three groups of informants: Group I – 8 learners of French as a foreign language (FFL) in different semesters (2nd, 3rd, 5th, 7th and 8th) of the course; Group II – 4 native speakers of French; and Group III – 4 native speakers of Brazilian Portuguese (BP). The data collection instruments for oral production were tests of elicitation of words and pseudowords in a carrier phrase and, for articulatory production, only the second type of test has been applied. The data collections with Groups I and III were made in an acoustic cabin of the Emergence of Oral Language Laboratory (LELO/UFPel); the data collections of Group II were made in Paris, France. The softwares used for the analyses were Praat (version 6.0.20) for oral production data, and Articulate Assistant Advanced (AAA, version 2.16.11) for articulatory data. The analysis of the segments produced by both groups of native speakers showed that (i) BP nasal vowels have longer absolute length, as well as a longer length of their murmurs; (ii) the relative length of the nasal phase of French vowels is longer; (iii) in order to distinguish nasal segments from oral ones, the native speaker of French posteriorizes her tongue movements, whereas the speaker of Portuguese elevates them. Regarding the data produced by learners, it was possible to verify: (i) longer relative and absolute lengths in French nasal vowels when compared to Portuguese; (ii) longer absolute length of the nasal phase in vowels of the foreign language; (iii) lower values of murmur length in French; (iv) generalization of tongue gestures by the 2nd semester informant for the three French nasal vowels and (v) accurate distinction by the 8th semester informant.
Macedo, Joana Isabel Carvalho da Silva. "Estudo da estrutura muco-ciliar antes e após o tratamento termal." Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/1464.
Full textHydrotherapy is defined as the use of natural mineral water and other complementary means for prevention, treatment, rehabilitation or welfare. Sulfuric waters are most suitable in the treatment of the upper airway, having anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and desensitizing actions. They act favorably on mucous membranes, relieving pain, nasal obstruction and nasal congestion, decreasing the intensity and duration of acute exacerbations and preventing progression to chronicity of these otorhinolaryngological diseases. In previous studies hyperchromatic areas were found in the cytoplasm of ciliated nasal cells - hyperchromatic supranuclear stria - in greater abundance in nasal ciliated cells of healthy people and in less abundance in people with underlying otorhinolaryngological pathology. This study has as main objective to analyze the change in the structure and mucociliary clearance before and after thermal treatment. It also aimed to evaluate whether these changes alter favorably the nasal symptoms. To this end, we studied 49 patients from Unhais da Serra thermal. We conducted a clinical history oriented to the otorhinolaryngological area, we also collected nasal discharge, through nasal cytology, and applied the saccharin traffic test before and after thermal treatment. The patients, with an average of 12.4 days of thermal treatment, had an increase in the median of the nasal ciliated cells with hyperchromatic supranuclear stria , from 2 to 3 (p = 0.130). There was improvement in mucociliary clearance, resulting in a decrease in saccharin traffic test, on average, 6.81 minutes after thermal treatment (95% confidence interval: 4.88 to 8.74 min) (p <0,05). 100% of patients from our sample referred that there was symptomatic improvement. This study concluded that thermal water helps mucus cleansing and decreases inflammatory mediators, relieving pain and the sensation of nasal obstruction. Thus, there is a more effective mucociliary clearance which results in a decrease of mucociliary transport time, and no remarkable variation in the count of nasal ciliated cells with hyperchromatic supranuclear stria, after treatments.
Kettunen, Harri J. "Nasal motifs in Maya iconography." Diss., Helsinki : Helsinki University Printing House, 2005. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/hum/renva/vk/kettunen/.
Full text