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Academic literature on the topic 'Nasopharyngitis, surgery'
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Journal articles on the topic "Nasopharyngitis, surgery"
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Brook, Itzhak, Alan E. Gober, and Alan E. Gober. "Dynamics of Nasopharyngitis in Children." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 122, no. 5 (2000): 696–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-5998(00)70199-9.
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PURPOSE: Our goal was to characterize the dynamics and bacterial interaction of the aerobic and anaerobic flora of nasal discharge of children at different stages of uncomplicated nasopharyngitis. METHODS AND PATIENTS: Serial semiquantitative nasopharyngeal (NP) and quantitative nasal discharge (ND) cultures were taken every 3 to 5 days from 20 children in whom purulent discharge eventually developed (group 1), and a single culture was obtained from a group of 20 who had only clear discharge (group 2). RESULTS: Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were isolated from all NP cultures. Bacterial growth was present in 8 (40%) NDs of group 2. Only 7 (35%) of the clear NDs of group 1 showed bacterial growth; the number increased to 14 (70%) at the mucoid stage and 20 (100%) at the purulent stage. It declined to 6 (30%) at the final clear stage. The number of species and total number of organisms increased in the NDs of group 1. Group 1 patients had higher recovery rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae in their NP cultures than group 2 patients (P > 0.05). During the purulent stage, Peptostreptococcus species were isolated in 15 (75%), Fusobacterium species in 10 (50%), Prevotella species in 9 (45%), H influenzae in 8 (40%), S pneumoniae in 6 (30%), and β-hemolytic streptococci in 5 (25%) of group 1 NDs. This was higher than their recovery in the clear stages of both groups and the mucoid stage of group 1. A total of 8 organisms capable of interfering with the growth of potential pathogens were isolated from the NPs of group 1, as compared with 35 from group 2 ( P > 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The development of purulent nasopharyngitis is associated with the pre-existing presence of potential pathogens and the absence of interfering organisms.
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Brook, Itzhak, and Alan E. Gober. "Dynamics of nasopharyngitis in children." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 122, no. 5 (2000): 696–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mhn.2000.105417.
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PURPOSE: Our goal was to characterize the dynamics and bacterial interaction of the aerobic and anaerobic flora of nasal discharge of children at different stages of uncomplicated nasopharyngitis. METHODS AND PATIENTS: Serial semiquantitative nasopharyngeal (NP) and quantitative nasal discharge (ND) cultures were taken every 3 to 5 days from 20 children in whom purulent discharge eventually developed (group 1), and a single culture was obtained from a group of 20 who had only clear discharge (group 2). RESULTS: Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were isolated from all NP cultures. Bacterial growth was present in 8 (40%) NDs of group 2. Only 7 (35%) of the clear NDs of group 1 showed bacterial growth; the number increased to 14 (70%) at the mucoid stage and 20 (100%) at the purulent stage. It declined to 6 (30%) at the final clear stage. The number of species and total number of organisms increased in the NDs of group 1. Group 1 patients had higher recovery rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae in their NP cultures than group 2 patients ( P < 0.05). During the purulent stage, Peptostreptococcus species were isolated in 15 (75%), Fusobacterium species in 10 (50%), Prevotella species in 9 (45%), H influenzae in 8 (40%), S pneumoniae in 6 (30%), and β-hemolytic streptococci in 5 (25%) of group 1 NDs. This was higher than their recovery in the clear stages of both groups and the mucoid stage of group 1. A total of 8 organisms capable of interfering with the growth of potential pathogens were isolated from the NPs of group 1, as compared with 35 from group 2 ( P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The development of purulent nasopharyngitis is associated with the pre-existing presence of potential pathogens and the absence of interfering organisms.
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Bartley, J., and C. Barber. "Treatment of chronic nasopharyngitis with monopolar suction diathermy." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 124, no. 4 (2009): 426–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215109991460.
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AbstractIntroduction:Chronic nasopharyngeal infection is rare. To our knowledge, no effective treatment for this condition has previously been described. This report documents our experience of using suction ablation diathermy in this clinical setting.Method:We performed a prospective review of four patients aged 23–65 years (two men and two women) who presented with chronic nasopharyngitis. Initial medical management consisted of regular saline irrigation plus a 14-day course of doxycycline 100 mg daily, combined with rifampicin 200 mg twice daily. When this proved unsuccessful, patients subsequently received a four-week course of omeprazole 40 mg daily, also unsuccessfully. Given these treatments' lack of success, surgery was undertaken.Results:Following suction diathermy ablation, nasopharyngeal crusting took four to six weeks to settle. After this, all patients ceased to cough up crusts or infected mucus.Conclusions:Chronic nasopharyngitis is uncommon. If medical management fails, suction ablation diathermy is a useful surgical treatment option.
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Lau, S. K., S. Kwan, J. Lee, and W. I. Wei. "Source of tubercle bacilli in cervical lymph nodes: A prospective study." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 105, no. 7 (1991): 558–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100116603.
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AbstractA prospective study searching for associated mycobacterial infection of the upper aerodigestive tract in patients with cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBLN) was carried out. One hundred and thirteen patients with a clinical suspicion of cervical TBLN were included. All patients had a physical examination of the upper aerodigestive tract. Routine endoscopy and biopsy of the nasopharynx were performed. All of them had surgery to the cervical lymph node. Seventy-five patients had histologically confirmed cervical TBLN. Culture of the lymph node specimen showed Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 68 (90 per cent). In 45 (60 per cent) patients with cervical TBLN the primary foci of infection could not be found. Twenty-nine (39 per cent) had radiographic evidence of active or healed pulmonary tuberculosis. Sputum culture from two patients showed Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Five patients (six per cent) had tuberculous nasopharyngitis. In one of them (one per cent) the tuberculous nasopharyngitis was primary as no other evidence of mycobacterial infection was found. In the present study, mycobacterial infection of other parts of the upper aerodigestive tract was not found.
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Langley, Annie, and Jennifer Beecker. "Management of Common Side Effects of Apremilast." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 22, no. 4 (2017): 415–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1203475417748886.
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Apremilast is a relatively new therapy for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in adults. While this medication is considered safe with a very low risk of serious side effects, a few common (≥5% of patients) mild to moderate side effects have been reported, including diarrhea, nausea, headache, and nasopharyngitis. Not addressing these symptoms may lead to medication nonadherence and unnecessary discontinuation of therapy. These side effects are often easily managed with interventions available to the practicing dermatologist, and in only rare instances will these side effects require dose adjustment or discontinuation of therapy. The purpose of this article is to review common side effects of apremilast at its approved dose of 30 mg orally twice daily (BID) and to provide clear, simple recommendations for their management in dermatological practice.
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Fest, Joy, Daniel Pfalzgraf, Christel Weiss та Svetlana Hetjens. "Evaluating the efficacy and tolerability of mirabegron, a β3-adrenoceptor agonist, for the treatment of overactive bladder: Systematic review and network meta-analysis". Journal of Clinical Urology 10, № 6 (2017): 557–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2051415817706045.
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Purpose: Overactive bladder (OAB) is a common condition affecting approximately 11% of individuals worldwide. One of the newest treatment options for OAB symptoms is mirabegron. The objective of this network meta-analysis is to evaluate the extent of the efficacy and tolerability of mirabegron compared both to placebo and first-line anticholinergic pharmacotherapies. Methods: Articles were identified through the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases using the search term ‘mirabegron’. All original, prospective, randomised, controlled, double-blind clinical trials studying mirabegron in adults receiving initial treatment for OAB were included. Efficacy was assessed based on outcome variables and responder data. Tolerability was evaluated for reported adverse events. Results: Thirteen studies including a total of 13,333 individuals were included. Mirabegron demonstrated better efficacy compared to placebo and tolterodine extended release 4 mg. Compared to placebo, the incidence of tachycardia and nasopharyngitis was greater with mirabegron 50 mg, and the incidence of cardiac arrhythmia was greater in 100 mg treatment groups. Mirabegron 100 mg also demonstrated a lower incidence of cardiac arrhythmia compared to tolterodine. Conclusions: The current study presents new information that may affect patient-centred strategies for the management of OAB, with a particular concern for cardiovascular safety.
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Maliyar, Khalad, Ashley O’Toole, and Melinda J. Gooderham. "Long-Term Single Center Experience in Treating Plaque Psoriasis With Guselkumab." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 24, no. 6 (2020): 588–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1203475420932514.
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Background Clinical trial data have shown guselkumab, an interleukin-23 inhibitor, to be efficacious and safe for the treatment of psoriasis. However, there is very little real-world experience using guselkumab in the community setting that has been documented. Objectives The goal of this study was to determine real-life outcomes of guselkumab use in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis in a community dermatology practice. Methods A retrospective chart review of electronic medical records was conducted in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis who were prescribed guselkumab at a community dermatology office in Ontario, Canada. Results Of the 89 patients who received at least 1 dose of guselkumab, 79 had follow-up information at the time of review, with 71 patients receiving ongoing treatment. In our cohort of patients, 73.3% achieved clinically significant clearance of psoriasis with a global assessment of clear or almost clear defined as a body surface area involvement of <1%. Guselkumab was generally well tolerated and caused no serious adverse events. The most common reported side effects were nasopharyngitis, headaches, upper respiratory tract infections, gastrointestinal upset, and arthralgia. Conclusion Overall, guselkumab was a safe and well-tolerated treatment with significant clinical improvement in our patient population.
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Kizhner, V., G. Samara, R. Panesar, and Y. P. Krespi. "Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia associated with Lemierre's syndrome: case report and literature review." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 127, no. 7 (2013): 721–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215113001035.
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AbstractBackground:Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a growing health concern. Lemierre's syndrome is a septic jugular thrombophlebitis that primarily affects young adults. This paper aimed to identify a possible sub-group of Lemierre's syndrome cases associated with community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Method:This paper reports the case of a 16-year-old male who was admitted for increasing fever, tachycardia, tachypnoea and neck pain. The patient was diagnosed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia associated with Lemierre's syndrome. A literature review was subsequently conducted.Results:Following intravenous antibiotic treatment and the sterilisation of blood cultures, the patient improved. The literature review indicated a rise in the past 2 years of Lemierre's syndrome associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among patients less than 18 years of age.Conclusion:Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia can lead to pulmonary sequelae. When it is associated with pharyngitis, nasopharyngitis or parapharyngeal lymphadenitis, the affected patient may be predisposed to Lemierre's syndrome. As bacterial carriage is predominantly nasal, pharyngitis may not be present. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus should be included as an offending bacterium where there is suspicion of Lemierre's syndrome. It is unclear whether anticoagulation alters the course of the bacterium, and surgery is probably contraindicated.
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Cook, Stuart, Thomas Leist, Giancarlo Comi, et al. "THUR 178 Infections during grade 3/4 lymphopenia with cladribine tablets." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 89, no. 10 (2018): A23.3—A24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2018-abn.83.
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BackgroundIn CLARITY, cladribine tablets 3.5 mg/kg (CT3.5) demonstrated efficacy in relapsing MS patients. The most common AE was lymphopenia, reflecting cladribine’s mode of action. Integrated safety analysis showed infection incidence was not higher in patients receiving CT3.5 vs placebo, bar a small increase of herpes zoster (HZV).ObjectivePost-hoc analysis examined infectious AEs occurring concurrently with Grade 3/4 lymphopenia (G3/4) in CT3.5 treated patients.MethodsThe AE profile for CT3.5 during the periods of G3/4 was analysed. Adjusted-AE incidences per 100 patient years (Adj-AE/100PY) were calculated in a cohort of patients receiving CT3.5 monotherapy in clinical trials.ResultsData are presented as Adj-AE/100PY: G3/4 vs without G3/4. Adj-AE/100PY for any infections/infestations was 57.53 vs 24.50. Infections were similar between periods. ≥50% cases with G3/4 were easily-treatable upper- respiratory-tract infections (nasopharyngitis: 13.48 vs 5.24; upper-respiratory-tract infection: 9.67 vs 3.41; pharyngitis: 4.51 vs 0.73). HZV occurred in 4 patients with G3/4 (4.50 vs 0.73); cases were dermatomal and mild-to- moderate in severity. Single occurrences were reported for most infectious AEs. Opportunistic infections were single occurrences, not severe, serious or difficult-to-treat.ConclusionsG3/4 increased frequency of infections but did not affect the type of infectious AEs in CT3.5 treated patients. HZV profile was uncomplicated, consistent with findings of previous analyses.Disclaimerhttp://medpub-poster.merckgroup.com/ABN2018DISC_Grade34.pdf
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Gavin, Giovannoni, Hartung Hans-Peter, Comi Giancarlo, et al. "WED 187 Infections in ocrelizumab recipients from phase III studies." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 89, no. 10 (2018): A26.3—A27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2018-abn.92.
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BackgroundOcrelizumab Phase III study safety findings in relapsing (OPERA I/II [NCT01247324/NCT01412333]) and primary progressive multiple sclerosis (ORATORIO [NCT01194570]) were reported; infections and serious infections are reported here. Methods: Ocrelizumab patients received 600 mg intravenously every 24 weeks for 96 weeks (OPERA I/II) or ≥120 weeks (ORATORIO; 2 × 300 mg infusions 14 days apart every 24 weeks). Controls received interferon beta-1a 44 µg thrice weekly (IFNβ−1a; OPERA I/II) or placebo (ORATORIO). Infections were classified by MedDRA system organ class/preferred term.ResultsNon-serious infection rates in ocrelizumab-treated patients in OPERA were 58.4% (pooled analysis) and ORATORIO 69.8%; comparators were IFNβ−1a 52.4% and placebo 67.8%. Most infections were mild-to-moderate. Common infections (≥10% in either group) reported more in ocrelizumab treated patients were upper respiratory tract infections and either nasopharyngitis (OPERA) or influenza (ORATORIO);<1% of ocrelizumab-treated patients withdrew due to non-serious infections. Serious infections occurred in 1.3% (OPERA) and 6.2% (ORATORIO) of ocrelizumab-treated patients; comparators were IFNβ−1a 2.9% and placebo 5.9%. No infection-related deaths occurred in ocrelizumabtreated patients in OPERA; two deaths occurred in ORATORIO (aspiration pneumonia and pneumonia [unrelated per investigator, related per sponsor]). No opportunistic infections were reported.ConclusionSerious infection rates with ocrelizumab were numerically lower than with IFNβ−1a and similar compared with placebo.
Book chapters on the topic "Nasopharyngitis, surgery"
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"Nasopharyngitis." In Encyclopedia of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23499-6_100680.
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