Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'National Airline'

This dissertation is a collection of several models to understand airline and passenger dynamics in the National Airspace System (NAS). Agent-based modeling is one of the most widely used modeling simulation-analysis approaches to understanding the dynamic behavior of complex systems. The usefulness of agent-based modeling has been demonstrated by simulating the complex interactions between airlines, travelers, and airports of a small-scale transportation system. Three airlines, one low cost and two network airlines are simulated to examine how each airline behaves over time to maximize their profit margins for a given passenger demand and operation cost structure. Passenger mode choice and itinerary choice sub modules are embedded in the framework to characterize traveler agent's response to the evolved airline schedule. An airport delay model was implemented to estimate the average delay at each airport. The estimated delay fed into the mode choice and itinerary choice models to update the travel time related variables. International passenger demand is a very important component of the air transportation system in the United States. The proportion of international enplanements relative to total enplanements increased from 8% in 1990 to 11% in 2008. Nine linear regression models are developed to forecast the enplanements from the United States to each of nine international regions. The international enplanements from the CONUS to each world region are modeled as a function of GDP and GDP per capita of both the United States and the specific region. A dummy variable is also used to account for the effects of September 11, 2001. The total number of international enplanements is forecast to increase from 74.7 million in 2008 to 184.4 million in 2028. The average annual growth rate is expected to be 4.7%. The European Union – United States Open Skies Agreement, which became effective March 30, 2008. Mathematical models are developed to forecast the effect of EU-US Open Skies Agreement on commercial airline passenger traffic over the North Atlantic Ocean. Nine econometric models were developed to forecast passenger traffic between the United States and nine selected European countries between 2008 through 2020. 68 new nonstop flights between the United States airports and the European airports are predicted by the model in 2020 using the airport pair passenger demand forecast. London, Heathrow is demonstrated as an example for rerouting the excess air travel passengers from one airport to other airports when the airport operational capacity is exceeded. The proportion of international enplanements relative to total enplanements within CONUS increased from 8% in 1990 to 11% in 2008. 51% of the sampled international and U.S. territories passengers served by U.S. carriers had at least one domestic coupon in 2007. The number of DOI passengers through airport-pairs in each of the historical years (1990-2007) is estimated based on the adjusted 100% international itineraries including pure international itineraries plus the non-CONUS itineraries. The total number of DOI enplanements is estimated to grow from 37.3 million in 1990 to 79.4 million in 2007. 193 CONUS airports are estimated to have at least 10,000 DOI enplanements in 2007. The number of DOI enplanements is forecast to grow from 79.4 million in 2007 to 206.2 million in 2030 with average growth rate of 4.2% per year. In recent years, there has been an increasing use of secondary airports both in Europe and the U.S. Regional airports have long been considered as a possible source of relief to reduce airport congestion at the hub airport and to efficiently accommodate future air travel demand. The conditions under which the secondary airports develop in a metropolitan area are examined. Fifteen multi-airport systems including 19 Operational Evolution Plan airports and 25 active secondary airports are identified in the National Airspace System. Diverse trends of traffic distribution among airports in the same metropolitan area are observed. We observed that the number of markets served at the secondary airports is less than that at the primary airport in the same metropolitan area. Most of the secondary airports are currently dominated by the low-cost carriers. The share of seats supplied by the low-cost carriers at the secondary airports has increased during the period 1990-2008. Full service carriers concentrate their service mainly on the primary airport in all the multi-airport systems analyzed. The average seat capacity per aircraft at the secondary airports is higher than that of primary airports in most of the multi-airport systems. The secondary airports mainly serve the domestic O&D passengers.
Ph. D.

We develop and evaluate two significant modeling concepts within the context of a large-scale Airspace Planning and Collaborative Decision-Making Model (APCDM) and, thereby, enhance its current functionality in support of both strategic and tactical level flight assessments. The first major concept is a new severe weather-modeling paradigm that can be used to assess existing tactical en route flight plan strategies such as the Flight Management System (FMS) as well as to provide rerouting strategies. The second major concept concerns modeling the mediated bartering of slot exchanges involving airline trade offers for arrival/departure slots at an arrival airport that is affected by the Ground Delay Program (GDP), while simultaneously considering issues related to sector workloads, airspace conflicts, as well as overall equity concerns among the airlines. This research effort is part of an $11.5B, 10-year, Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)-sponsored program to increase the U.S. National Airspace (NAS) capacity by 30 percent by the year 2010. Our innovative contributions of this research with respect to the severe weather rerouting include (a) the concept of â Probability-Netsâ and the development of discretized representations of various weather phenomena that affect aviation operations; (b) the integration of readily accessible severe weather probabilities from existing weather forecast data provided by the National Weather Service (NWS); (c) the generation of flight plans that circumvent severe weather phenomena with specified probability levels, and (d) a probabilistic delay assessment methodology for evaluating planned flight routes that might encounter potentially disruptive weather along its trajectory. Given a fixed set of reporting stations from the CONUS Model Output Statistics (MOS), we begin by constructing weather-specific probability-nets that are dynamic with respect to time and space. Essential to the construction of the probability-nets are the point-by-point forecast probabilities associated with MOS reporting sites throughout the United States. Connections between the MOS reporting sites form the strands within the probability-nets, and are constructed based upon a user-defined adjacency threshold, which is defined as the maximum allowable great circle distance between any such pair of sites. When a flight plan traverses through a probability-net, we extract probability data corresponding to the points where the flight plan and the probability-net strand(s) intersect. The ability to quickly extract this trajectory-related probability data is critical to our weather-based rerouting concepts and the derived expected delay and related cost computations in support of the decision-making process. Next, we consider the superimposition of a flight-trajectory-grid network upon the probability-nets. Using the U.S. Navigational Aids (Navaids) as the network nodes, we develop an approach to generate flight plans that can circumvent severe weather phenomena with specified probability levels based on determining restricted, time-dependent shortest paths between the origin and destination airports. By generating alternative flight plans pertaining to specified threshold strand probabilities, we prescribe a methodology for computing appropriate expected weather delays and related disruption factors for inclusion within the APCDM model. We conclude our severe weather-modeling research by conducting an economic benefit analysis using a k-means clustering mechanism in concert with our delay assessment methodology in order to evaluate delay costs and system disruptions associated with variations in probability-net refinement-based information. As a flight passes through the probability-net(s), we can generate a probability-footprint that acts as a record of the strand intersections and the associated probabilities from origin to destination. A flight planâ s probability-footprint will differ for each level of data refinement, from whence we construct route-dependent scenarios and, subsequently, compute expected weather delay costs for each scenario for comparative purposes. Our second major contribution is the development of a novel slot-exchange modeling concept within the APCDM model that incorporates various practical issues pertaining to the Ground Delay Program (GDP), a principal feature in the FAAâ s adoption of the Collaborative Decision-Making (CDM) paradigm. The key ideas introduced here include innovative model formulations and several new equity concepts that examine the impact of â at-least, at-mostâ trade offers on the entire mix of resulting flight plans from respective origins to destinations, while focusing on achieving defined measures of â fairnessâ with respect to the selected slot exchanges. The idea is to permit airlines to barter assigned slots at airports affected by the Ground Delay Program to their mutual advantage, with the FAA acting as a mediator, while being cognizant of the overall effect of the resulting mix of flight plans on air traffic control sector workloads, collision risk and safety, and equity considerations. We start by developing two separate slot-exchange approaches. The first consists of an external approach in which we formulate a model for generating a set of package-deals, where each package-deal represents a potential slot-exchange solution. These package-deals are then embedded within the APCDM model. We further tighten the model representation using maximal clique cover-based cuts that relate to the joint compatibility among the individual package-deals. The second approach significantly improves the overall model efficiency by automatically generating package-deals as required within the APCDM model itself. The model output prescribes a set of equitable flight plans based on admissible trades and exchanges of assigned slots, which are in addition conformant with sector workload capabilities and conflict risk restrictions. The net reduction in passenger-minutes of delay for each airline is the primary metric used to assess and compare model solutions. Appropriate constraints are included in the model to ensure that the generated slot exchanges induce nonnegative values of this realized net reduction for each airline. In keeping with the spirit of the FAAâ s CDM initiative, we next propose four alternative equity methods that are predicated on different specified performance ratios and related efficiency functions. These four methods respectively address equity with respect to slot-exchange-related measures such as total average delay, net delay savings, proportion of acceptable moves, and suitable value function realizations. For our computational experiments, we constructed several scenarios using real data obtained from the FAA based on the Enhanced Traffic Management System (ETMS) flight information pertaining to the Miami and Jacksonville Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCC). Through our experimentation, we provide insights into the effect of the different proposed modeling concepts and study the sensitivity with respect to certain key parameters. In particular, we compare the alternative proposed equity formulations by evaluating their corresponding slot-exchange solutions with respect to the net reduction in passenger-minutes of delay for each airline. Additionally, we evaluate and compare the computational-effort performance, under both time limits and optimality thresholds, for each equity method in order to assess the efficiency of the model. The four slot-exchange-based equity formulations, in conjunction with the internal slot-exchange mechanisms, demonstrate significant net savings in computational effort ranging from 25% to 86% over the original APCDM model equity formulation. The model has been implemented using Microsoft Visual C++ and evaluated using a C++ interface with CPLEX 9.0. The overall results indicate that the proposed modeling concepts offer viable tools that can be used by the FAA in a timely fashion for both tactical purposes, as well as for exploring various strategic issues such as air traffic control policy evaluations; dynamic airspace resectorization strategies as a function of severe weather probabilities; and flight plan generation in response to various disruption scenarios.
Ph. D.

This research is a comparative field study of the influence of societal culture on organization structure and process. Past empirical studies were used to dérive a framework incorporating four fundamental dimensions of cultural values: power, authority distance, group orientation, and cognitive orientation- From thèse dimensions, five configurations were identified which accounted for most of the organizations reviewed in previous field studies: the Autocracy, the Political Entourage, the Traditional Bureaucracy, the Modem Bureaucracy and the Consensus configuration.[...]
Cette recherche est une étude comparative de l’Influence de la culture sociale sur les structures et processus d’organisation. Un cadre Incluant quatre dimensions fondamentales des systèmes de valeurs culturels, soit le pouvoir, la distance d’autorité, l’orientation de groupe et l’orientation cognitive, fut dérivé d’études empiriques passées. Cinq configurations furent Identifiées à partir de ces dimensions et expliquèrent la plupart des organisations étudiées dans des ouvrages antérieurs: l’Autocratie. l’Entourage Politique, la Bureaucratie Traditionnelle, la Bureaucratie Moderne et la configuration du Consensus.[...]

Orientador: Marcio Antonio Cataia
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias
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Resumo: Este texto apresenta algumas reflexões sobre o uso de pequenas aeronaves na integração e modernização do território brasileiro. O sistema de transporte aéreo, num país de grande extensão territorial, cumpre papel de destaque no estreitamento dos laços regionais e é um elemento de destaque do circuito espacial produtivo da moderna agricultura desenvolvida no Centro-Oeste brasileiro. Agilizando o transporte dos indivíduos e promovendo os contatos face-.a-face, as pequenas aeronaves de rotas não-regulares, em função de sua flexibilidade de deslocamento e de tempo, atuam como vetores fundamentais da integração produtiva do território brasileiro, uma vez que a produção propriamente dita e comando corporativo se dissociaram dadas as possibilidades técnicas do atual período técnico-cientifico e informacional
Abstract: The aim of this text is to make some reflections on the use of small aircrafts for the integration and modernization of the Brazilian territory. The system of air transport, in a country of large territorial extension, is very important to narrow the regional ties and it is an important element of the productive space circuit of the modern agriculture developed in the Brazilian Center-West. The small aircrafts of not-regular routes, act as basic vector of the interactional fluidity, speeding the transport of people, in function of its flexibility of displacement and time, act as basic vector of the productivity integration of the Brazilian territory, a time that the production properly said and corporative command if had separated given to the possibilities techniques of the actual technician-scientific and informacional period
Mestrado
Geografia
Mestre em Geografia

Esta investigación titulada “Ingreso de aerolíneas low cost al mercado peruano y su impacto en las aerolíneas comerciales tradicionales de rutas nacionales, años 2015-2018” tiene como objetivo analizar el efecto de las aerolíneas low cost con respecto a las tradicionales. Actualmente, estas últimas están ingresando al Perú con varias rutas nacionales, lo cual tiene como finalidad obtener una mayor participación en el mercado. Sin embargo, las aerolíneas tradicionales se mantienen en constantes cambios con su modelo de negocio para seguir compitiendo. La investigación se divide en cinco capítulos: En el Capítulo I se presenta el marco teórico y se explican los conceptos básicos, tales como las estructuras de mercado; las estrategias de fijación de precios; conceptos aeronáuticos; concepto de low cost; principales aerolíneas del Perú; ingreso de low cost (caso Perú) y costeo y tarifas de low cost. En el Capítulo II del plan de investigación se formula la problemática de la investigación, hipótesis y objetivos. En el Capítulo III que corresponde a la metodología de investigación, se detallan los tipos de investigación e instrumentos a utilizar. En el Capítulo IV del desarrollo de la investigación, se analiza la información cualitativa y cuantitativa. En el Capítulo V se presentan los análisis de resultados y se realiza el análisis de los instrumentos, concluyendo con la validación de la hipótesis general y específicas basados en los resultados obtenidos del análisis de correlación y entrevistas a especialistas. Finalmente, las conclusiones para todos aquellos que deseen analizar el impacto de las aerolíneas low cost.
This research entitled “Entry of low-cost controls to the Peruvian market and its impact on traditional commercial regulations of national routes, years 2015-2018” aims to analyze the effect that low-cost regulations have on traditional traditional ones. Currently, low-cost airlines are entering Peru with a wide variety of national routes, which has as obtaining a greater market share. However, traditional practices remain in constant changes with their business model to continue competing. The present work is divided into five chapters: Chapter I Theoretical framework, where the basic concepts will be explained, stories such as: Market Structures, according to Estevan (2013); Pricing strategies; Aeronautical concepts; Low cost concept; Main Airlines of Peru; Low cost income (case Peru) and Costing and low cost rates. Chapter II Research plan, the research problem, hypothesis and objectives are formulated. Chapter III Research methodology, which details the types of research and instruments to be used for the population. Chapter IV Research development, where qualitative and quantitative information is analyzed. Chapter V Analysis of results, the analysis of the instruments was carried out, concluding with the validation of the general and specific hypotheses based on the specific results of the correlation analysis and interviews with specialists. Finally, the conclusions for all those who wish to analyze the impact of low costs in the last year in Perú are detailed.
Tesis

L’objectif de cette thèse est d’analyser les contributions de Clément Colson à la science économique dans le but de mieux connaître sa pensée, de mieux connaître l’École libérale française au début du XXème siècle, d’étudier l’influence qu’a pu avoir cet auteur sur ses principaux élèves, Divisia, Roy et Rueff, et d’évaluer l’actualité de certaines de ses recommandations.Le premier chapitre montre quels sont les apports théoriques de Colson à la science économique.Pour ses élèves, son principal apport serait la théorie de la détermination conjointe du salaire et du taux d’intérêt. Nous montrerons que cette théorie est proche de la règle de gestion optimale en microéconomie attribuée à Clark ; nous verrons alors que l’on peut parler de découverte multiple.Colson est également intéressant au point de vue de la méthode utilisée. Nous verrons alors qu’il utilise les statistiques et les mathématiques dans ses développements : il est à l’origine d’une évaluation pionnière du revenu de la France, son enseignement impulse le calcul économique, il peut être considéré comme un précurseur de l’économétrie en France. Le deuxième chapitre montre que Colson développe la méthode de tarification des voies de communication exploitées en monopole de Jules Dupuit en proposant des moyens pratiques de révélation des préférences. Nous verrons également que cette théorie est reprise de nos jours avec le Yield Management et par les compagnies aériennes à bas coûts. Le troisième chapitre a pour but de voir comment Colson prend en compte la question sociale. Nous verrons qu’il défend une intervention de l’État plus importante que d’autres économistes libéraux afin d’éviter que les ouvriers ne se tournent vers le socialisme. Le quatrième chapitre étudie l’intervention de l’État préconisée par Colson dans le domaine des chemins de fer. Nous verrons que dans ce domaine où l’État est très présent, l’auteur souhaite le limiter. Il préfère ainsi la concession à la régie et souhaite la construction de nouvelles lignes uniquement si elles sont rentables. Nous verrons qu’à nouveau, la crainte du socialisme n’est pas étrangère à ses positions. Sur chacun des thèmes, nous verrons que Colson accorde à la pratique une place importante. Au niveau théorique tout part de l’observation et se termine par l’observation, au niveau pratique il est marqué par les préoccupations de son époque
The object of this dissertation is to analyse the contributions of Clément Colson to the economics in order to be better acquainted with his thought, with the French Liberal School at the beginning of the 20th century, to see the influence he had on his main students, Divisia, Roy and Rueff, and to evaluate the actuality of his recomandations. The first chapter develops the Colson’s theoretical contributions.For his students, his main contribution would be the theory of the joint setting of wage and of the interest rate. We will explain this theory is close to the optimal management rule in microeconomics attributed to Clark; we will see we can speak then about multiple discovery.Colson is interesting too from the point of view of the method used. We will see he uses statistics and mathematics in his developments: he makes one of the first assesments of the French income, his lectures develop economics calculus, he can be seen as a precursor of econometrics in France. The second chapter shows that Colson develops the Jules Dupuit pricing method for means of communications exploited by a monopoly by proposing practical way of preferences revelation. We will show too that this theory is used nowadays with the Yield Management and by airline lowcost companies.The third chapter has for purpose to see how Colson takes into account the social question. We will see he argues for a more important State intervention than other liberal economists in order to avoid workers to turn to socialism. The fourth chapter is devoted to the State intervention recommended by Colson in the field of railways. We will see that in this field in which the State is very present, the author wishes to limit it. So he prefers the concession to the public exploitation and wishes construction of new railway lines just if they are profitable. We will see again that the fear of socialism is not stranger to his positions. On each theme, we will see that Colson gives an important place to the practice. At the theoretical level all starts and finishes with the observation, at the practice level he is influenced by the preoccupations of his time

JEL Classification: G32, L33
Portugal’s deficit economy during several years and the high levels of Public Debt culminated with the need of an External Financial Assistance Program. Regarding this program a privatization plan of several state-owned companies was developed, in which TAP Group was included. The main activity of TAP Group is air passenger and cargo transport. It also provides services to third party customers in areas related to the Group’s core activities, such as Maintenance and Engineering services. The Letter of Intent sent by Portuguese Government to International Monetary Fund (IMF), concerning the Portugal’s Financial Assistance Program, and the State Budget for 2015 refer the need to restart the process of TAP privatization. On November 13th of 2014, the Council of Ministers approved the re-privatization process of TAP. Consequently, in order to sell TAP Group at its fair value, it is essential to perform a financial corporate valuation. This way, in the next pages, it will be developed a valuation of TAP, using three corporate valuation methods: Multiples (or Relative) Analysis, Discounted Cash Flow method, using the Free Cash Flow for the Firm approach and the Free Cash Flow for the Equity approach, and a valuation method used to valuing firms with regular negative earnings, which is the case of TAP Group. Considering the negative TAP’s fair value estimated in all methods, Portuguese Government should simply transfer its capital and inherent obligations to the investors. However, TAP is valuable if it becomes more efficient, which is expected to occur in a privatization process.
Portugal perante uma situação de endividamento excessivo e de uma economia deficitária que perdurava há vários anos, solicitou um pedido de ajuda financeira externa. Neste pedido de ajuda externa foi estabelecido um programa de alienação de participações do Estado em empresas nacionais, sendo a TAP uma dessas empresas. O Grupo TAP tem como principal atividade o transporte aéreo de passageiros e de carga, bem como um conjunto de serviços prestados a entidades terceiras em áreas ligadas aos negócios principais do Grupo. Em novembro de 2014, foi deliberado em Conselho de Ministros o relançamento do processo de privatização do Grupo TAP. De modo a que o Grupo TAP seja vendido pelo seu justo valor, é imprescindível realizar uma avaliação económico-financeira. Nas próximas páginas será realizada uma avaliação ao Grupo, utilizando três métodos: análise pelos Múltiplos, o método dos Fluxos de Caixa Descontados, quer na ótica dos Fluxos de Caixa Livres para a Empresa, quer na ótica dos Fluxos de Caixa Livres para os Acionistas, e, por último, um modelo de avaliação para empresas que apresentam sistematicamente resultados negativos, como é o caso da TAP. O justo valor estimado nos três métodos de avaliação para o Grupo TAP é negativo. Assim, o Governo não deverá registar um encaixe financeiro com a operação, cedendo apenas aos investidores a sua posição no capital social e as respetivas obrigações do Grupo. Contudo, o Governo deve ter em conta que a TAP tem valor ao tornar-se uma empresa mais eficiente, algo que é expectável numa privatização.

Since its beginning has a commercial activity, the aviation industry has experienced a lot of changes in terms of safety. Nowadays it is recognized that aviation is a complex mosaic of interrelated human, technical, environmental, and organizational factors that affect safety and system performance. For this reason, air operators need to identify all the hazards that may affect their operations. This work develops the feasibility study of the implementation of a hazard identification list enabling operational decision-making in the national airline operator – euroAtlantic Airways (EAA). In 2017, EAA Safety Department consulted various regulators and other air operators and compiled a list of 142 operational hazards of the company. With the continuity of the operation, there was a need to organize and complete this list in order to improve the assistance of decision making in the daily operations of the operator. In order to do so, bibliographic research on hazard identification processes, safety risk system and safety risk management was performed. Later, using the information available in the company's internal occurrence reporting system, an analysis of the reports was made in order to identify which hazards the company had been subjected to in the last 5 years. The information obtained was then cross-checked with the information contained in the hazard list held in 2017, creating a new Hazard Identification Log divided into 5 categories: organization, human factors, environment, technical and operation. The results were validated at two different levels: at the company's internal level, by EAA Safety Manager, and at an external level, under IOSA external audit.
Desde o seu início como atividade comercial, a indústria da aviação experimentou uma série de mudanças em termos de segurança operacional. Atualmente, reconhece-se que a aviação é um mosaico complexo constituído por fatores humanos, técnicos, ambientais e organizacionais, que se interrelacionam entre si e afetam a segurança e o desempenho de todo o sistema. Por esta razão, os operadores aéreos precisam identificar todos os perigos que podem afetar suas operações. Neste trabalho desenvolve-se o estudo de viabilidade da implementação de uma Lista de Identificação de Perigos habilitando à tomada de decisão operacional no operador de linha aérea nacional – euroAtlantic Airways (EAA). Em 2017, o Departamento de Safety da EAA realizou uma pesquisa, junto de várias entidades reguladoras e de outros operadores aéreos, e compilou numa lista 142 perigos operacionais da companhia. Com a continuidade da operação, houve a necessidade de organizar e completar esta lista de forma a melhorar a assistência da tomada da decisão nas operações diárias do operador. Para tal foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre modelos de identificação de perigos, sistemas de gestão de segurança operacional e sistemas de gestão de risco. Posteriormente, recorrendo à informação disponível no sistema interno da companhia para reporte de ocorrências, foi feita uma análise de cada um dos reportes de forma a identificar quais os perigos a que a companhia tinha sido sujeita nos últimos 5 anos. A informação obtida desta análise foi cruzada com a informação contida na listagem de perigos realizada em 2017, dando origem a uma nova Lista de Identificação de Perigos dividida em 5 categorias: organização, fatores humanos, meio/ambiente, fatores técnicos e operação. A validação dos resultados obtidos foi realizada em dois níveis distintos: a nível interno da companhia, pelo Safety Manager da EAA, e a nível externo, em auditoria IOSA.

碩士
開南管理學院
空運管理學系碩士班
94
This research use Higgins’ sustainable growth model to evaluate national airlines operating performance over the period of 1999 to 2004. The model in light of finance, testing the consistency of a airline’s growth objectives and its financial resource, the concept of sustainable growth is described. If firm’s growth objectives can’t match with their financial resource, having rapid growth or slow-growth situations possibility. This two situations are disadvantage to the development of airlines. The major findings include:（1）China Airlines and Eva Air’s growth conditions are belong to “ sustainable growth ” types. These company’s financial resource can match their growth objectives closely. They used their own financial resource well to create the maximum sales.（2）Far Eastern Air Transport、Uni Air and Mandarin Airlines are belong to “ rapid growth ” types. These company’s financial resource can’t match their growth objectives. Their own financial resource can’t support the funds needed in its growth. Therefore, these company ’s deficit are very serious. The situation can lead to financial crisis.（3）TransAsia Airways is belong to “ tend in sustainable growth ” type. The company’s financial resource match its growth objectives more and more. The firm improves its financial constitution, getting a best sales growth. Finally, this study mainly aims at the characteristic of airlines, finding the strategy to solve the problem of firms in rapid growth. Expecting that the national airlines can reach the goal of sustainable growth in the respect of managing.

碩士
長榮大學
經營管理研究所
92
The study is to investigate Taiwan citizen to perception about the essentials of the national airline service and the purpose is to figure out the important factors and provide the result to national airlines as a feasible reference. First, the analysis frames were constructed from the essential factor of the elementary evaluation. Second, using “Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process” to solve the weights and sort order of the national airline service evaluation essential factor. Finally, this study aimed to analyze objective and compared the “Delimitation of Continuous Section Method” with the “Likert Scale” through the suggestions were expressed by the consumers. By doing the last step, this study can know the degree of the consumers accept the new way to fill the survey. The consequence of the study appeared that the service items valued by consumers were “The seats and the equipments in cabin”, “The type of aircraft” and “The image of aviation safety”. Besides, this research compared the “Delimitation of Continuous Section Method” with the “Likert Scale”. However, this study didn’t find obvious difference between them. Therefore, the “Delimitation of Continuous Section Method” needs more attention and development.

Air Transport allowed over time, to reduce distances, eliminate borders, increase mobility and contribute to a new model of society as we know today.These are some of the reasons why in recent years, there were times of growth, development and higher demand, strengthening its role in a society increasingly globalized. While environmental costs caused by air transport are often highlighted, very little is said about its benefits. Broadly speaking it can be said that aviation contributes to worldwide trade by opening access to several markets, for investment through internationalization and access to new resources and skills in order to stimulate productivity and encourage competition as well as tourism. Its importance should not therefore be questioned or neglected. On the contrary, the preparation of its future should be a constant concern by analyzing the main challenges for the sector and for all others involved. There are many paths to choose and several variables that must be taken into account. This study aims to analyze the main variables, to present perspectives, alert to emerging opportunities and external adverse factors, and to identify some options that can better serve Air Transport in Portugal. The purpose of this dissertation is also to highlight the weaknesses of this sector in Portugal and the need to consider a medium/long-term vision and a strategy for such an important sector for the Portuguese economy and society.
O Transporte Aéreo permitiu ao longo dos tempos, reduzir distâncias, eliminar fronteiras e contribuir para o modelo de sociedade em que hoje vivemos, sendo estas algumas das causas pelas quais tem vivido nos últimos anos, tempos de grande expansão e procura, não só a nível de turismo como também em termos de viagens em negócios, reforçando ainda mais o seu papel numa sociedade cada vez mais globalizada. A sua importância não deve por isso ser posta em causa ou negligenciada, devendo ser uma preocupação constante a preparação do seu futuro analisando quais os desafios que se colocam ao sector e a todos os que o constroem. Existem diversos caminhos que podem ser escolhidos e várias variáveis a ter em conta. Este estudo tem como objectivo analisar essas variáveis e identificar caminhos que possam melhor servir o transporte aéreo Português. Enquanto os custos em termos ambientais provocados pelo transporte aéreo estão bem documentados, muito pouco é dito acerca dos seus benefícios. Em traços gerais pode dizer-se que a aviação contribui para as trocas comerciais abrindo acesso a diversos mercados, para o investimento através da internacionalização e do acesso a novos recursos e competências, para a produtividade estimulando a competição e para o turismo através da facilidade de unir viajantes e regiões. Este projecto ambiciona também alertar as fragilidades do sector em Portugal e a necessidade de pensar a médio longo prazo uma visão e uma estratégia para uma área de negócio tão importante para a economia e para a sociedade Portuguesa.

碩士
育達科技大學
資訊管理所
107
The flight work is highly stressful and professional, and requires high concentration. This study aims to adjust the work stress through leisure activities, optimize life Life Satisfaction, and understand the frequency and times of leisure activities and life Life Satisfaction. To know what is the relevant between the topics. This study takes the national airlines’ pilot as the research object, understands the situation of the participation in leisure activities and work stress, and discusses the relationship between the participation of national airlines’ pilots in leisure activities and work stress. This research first collected and collected relevant literatures, adopted convenient sampling method, conducted questionaire investigation and collected data. The investigation time was from June to September 2018, a total of 150 questionaire s were issued, and 112 valid questionaires were collected. Using SPSS23.0 statistical software for data analysis, to understand whether the frequency of participation in leisure activities of civil aviation pilots is relevant to the quality of life and perceived pressure, and to make recommendations to provide reference for advanced seniors in the aviation industry.

碩士
大葉大學
國際企業管理學系碩士在職專班
94
The Republic of China (Taiwan) government announced the “open sky” policy in 1987; since then, the figure of the airline company has increased dramatically. Because of the serious market competition, some local airlines cannot operate well and choose to merge or acquisition in order to maintain current operation in succession. After Mainland China's economic development, market demand enhance hugely. In order for Chinese to promote the competitiveness of their airlines, Chinese airline transport business relies mainly on three major groups and merges other relevant small companies simultaneously. How to improve the business efficiency and cooperate with economic development has become the primary subject needs to be faced among all airlines across the Taiwan Strait. This research aims at analyzing the business efficiency between across strait two nations by using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Based on managing amount of top 12 airlines across strait in 2004 were served as analytical targets. Utilizing Intermediation Approach method as a foundation, the total property and business expense as the analytical parameter which obtaining with input variables of business income. To analyze efficiencies of total technique, neat technique and scaling technique of above airlines, which accompanied with scaling benefit to analyze scaling phenomena of increase and decrease, and then cooperate with sensitivity analytic method, finally carries on the differential variable analysis. The results of this research are depicted as follows: For the top 12 airlines companies, the technical efficiency are shown mostly low to none; however, those who had low technical efficiency are merely the low property resultant. Furthermore, the scale return rate for local airlines companies operate homeland and its near islands route is decrease progressively; nevertheless, the mainland airline is increase gradually.

L’objectif de cette thèse est d’analyser les contributions de Clément Colson à la science économique dans le but de mieux connaître sa pensée, de mieux connaître l’École libérale française au début du XXème siècle, d’étudier l’influence qu’a pu avoir cet auteur sur ses principaux élèves, Divisia, Roy et Rueff, et d’évaluer l’actualité de certaines de ses recommandations.Le premier chapitre montre quels sont les apports théoriques de Colson à la science économique.Pour ses élèves, son principal apport serait la théorie de la détermination conjointe du salaire et du taux d’intérêt. Nous montrerons que cette théorie est proche de la règle de gestion optimale en microéconomie attribuée à Clark ; nous verrons alors que l’on peut parler de découverte multiple.Colson est également intéressant au point de vue de la méthode utilisée. Nous verrons alors qu’il utilise les statistiques et les mathématiques dans ses développements : il est à l’origine d’une évaluation pionnière du revenu de la France, son enseignement impulse le calcul économique, il peut être considéré comme un précurseur de l’économétrie en France. Le deuxième chapitre montre que Colson développe la méthode de tarification des voies de communication exploitées en monopole de Jules Dupuit en proposant des moyens pratiques de révélation des préférences. Nous verrons également que cette théorie est reprise de nos jours avec le Yield Management et par les compagnies aériennes à bas coûts. Le troisième chapitre a pour but de voir comment Colson prend en compte la question sociale. Nous verrons qu’il défend une intervention de l’État plus importante que d’autres économistes libéraux afin d’éviter que les ouvriers ne se tournent vers le socialisme. Le quatrième chapitre étudie l’intervention de l’État préconisée par Colson dans le domaine des chemins de fer. Nous verrons que dans ce domaine où l’État est très présent, l’auteur souhaite le limiter. Il préfère ainsi la concession à la régie et souhaite la construction de nouvelles lignes uniquement si elles sont rentables. Nous verrons qu’à nouveau, la crainte du socialisme n’est pas étrangère à ses positions. Sur chacun des thèmes, nous verrons que Colson accorde à la pratique une place importante. Au niveau théorique tout part de l’observation et se termine par l’observation, au niveau pratique il est marqué par les préoccupations de son époque
The object of this dissertation is to analyse the contributions of Clément Colson to the economics in order to be better acquainted with his thought, with the French Liberal School at the beginning of the 20th century, to see the influence he had on his main students, Divisia, Roy and Rueff, and to evaluate the actuality of his recomandations. The first chapter develops the Colson’s theoretical contributions.For his students, his main contribution would be the theory of the joint setting of wage and of the interest rate. We will explain this theory is close to the optimal management rule in microeconomics attributed to Clark; we will see we can speak then about multiple discovery.Colson is interesting too from the point of view of the method used. We will see he uses statistics and mathematics in his developments: he makes one of the first assesments of the French income, his lectures develop economics calculus, he can be seen as a precursor of econometrics in France. The second chapter shows that Colson develops the Jules Dupuit pricing method for means of communications exploited by a monopoly by proposing practical way of preferences revelation. We will show too that this theory is used nowadays with the Yield Management and by airline lowcost companies.The third chapter has for purpose to see how Colson takes into account the social question. We will see he argues for a more important State intervention than other liberal economists in order to avoid workers to turn to socialism. The fourth chapter is devoted to the State intervention recommended by Colson in the field of railways. We will see that in this field in which the State is very present, the author wishes to limit it. So he prefers the concession to the public exploitation and wishes construction of new railway lines just if they are profitable. We will see again that the fear of socialism is not stranger to his positions. On each theme, we will see that Colson gives an important place to the practice. At the theoretical level all starts and finishes with the observation, at the practice level he is influenced by the preoccupations of his time