Relevant bibliographies by topics / National Assembly (1993)

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'National Assembly (1993)'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "National Assembly (1993)"

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Molina, José E., and Carmen Pérez. "Evolution of the Party System in Venezuela, 1946–1993." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 40, no. 2 (1998): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/166372.

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The 1946 election for Venezuela's National Constituent Assembly marked the beginning of democratic electoral processes and the modern party system in that country. Although interrupted by ten years of dictatorship (1948-1958), nine national elections for president and parliament have been held since 1946. In conjunction with these elections, the Venezuelan party system has passed through four stages: a predominant party system (1945-1948), a limited multiparty system (1958-1973), an attenuated two-party system (1973-1993), and recently, the return to a limited multiparty system (1993-) (Sartori 1976).
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Nwajiaku, Kathryn. "The National Conferences in Benin and Togo Revisited." Journal of Modern African Studies 32, no. 3 (1994): 429–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00015172.

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As many as seven Conférences nationales (CNs) took place in French-speaking Africa between February 1990 and January 1993, all against the background of the apparent ‘wind of change’ which is sweeping across the continent where democratic governance is eventually to replace authoritarian rule. In Benin, the assembly of delegates that met during 19–28 February 1990 was supposed to be representative of all social, religious, professional, and political interest groups whose aim was to introduce a constitutional liberal democracy. This CN managed to gain acceptance of the sovereignty which it had declared on the second day — namely, that all its decisions would be legal and binding. The authority of President Matthieu Kérékou was thus effectively emasculated, whilst the elections which were timetabled and held a year later, finally unseated him after 20 years in power. In Togo, General Gnassingbe Eyadéma was able to reject the sovereignty claimed. by the CN, held from 8 July to 28 August 1991, as the balance of power was firmly in his favour.
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Mutharika, A. Peter. "The 1995 Democratic Constitution of Malawi." Journal of African Law 40, no. 2 (1996): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855300007774.

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On 17 May, 1995, the Malawi National Assembly adopted a democratic constitution. In terms of Malawi’s post-colonial history, the adoption of the constitution was an unprecedented event. For a period of 30 years, Malawi had been subjected to a one-party dictatorship led by Dr Hastings Banda. Supported over the years by the West because of its anti-communist rhetoric, the Banda regime found itself abandoned with the ending of the Cold War and the collapse of apartheid in South Africa. Pressure from internal and external groups led to a referendum on the oneparty state in June 1993 which the Banda regime lost and to the first multi-party elections in May 1994 which the regime also lost. A day before the 1994 elections, the Malawi National Assembly adopted a Provisional Constitution for a period of 12 months. Pursuant to section 212 of the Provisional Constitution, the National Constitutional Conference was held in February 1995 for the purpose of making recommendations to the National Assembly on a permanent constitution. Rather than replace or repeal the Provisional Constitution, the National Assembly decided in April 1995 to make modest amendments to it in order to address some of the more blatant deficiencies that were identified at the Constitutional Conference. During the coming years, the Law Commission will make a detailed study of the entire document, make recommendations to the Minister of Justice and, it is hoped, address some of the obvious drafting oversights.
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Wilder, Andrew R. "Changing Patterns of Punjab Politics in Pakistan: National Assembly Election Results, 1988 and 1993." Asian Survey 35, no. 4 (1995): 377–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2645802.

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Wilder, Andrew R. "Changing Patterns of Punjab Politics in Pakistan: National Assembly Election Results, 1988 and 1993." Asian Survey 35, no. 4 (1995): 377–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.1995.35.4.01p0014p.

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Foken, Thomas, and Steven Oncley. "Workshop on Instrumental and Methodical Problems of Land Surface Flux Measurements." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 76, no. 7 (1995): 1191–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477-76.7.1191.

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This report summarizes presentations and discussions that occurred at a workshop held in conjunction with the XIXth General Assembly of the European Geophysical Society (EGS) from 22 to 24 April 1994. The purpose of this workshop was to define the state of the art of micrometeorological flux measurements, to identify problem areas, and to define any additional data that must be taken to solve these problems. This workshop was organized in response to a proposal made at the 1993 EGS conference by T. Foken, T. Delany (National Center for Atmospheric Research), S. Oncley, and L. Tsvang (Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russia) for a new experiment to investigate the problem of the “unclosed” energy balance. Sixty-one scientists from 14 countries participated in the workshop.
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Kalinichenko, Paul, and Dimitry Vladimirovich Kochenov. "Amendments to the 1993 Constitution of the Russian Federation Concerning International Law (2020)." International Legal Materials 60, no. 2 (2021): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ilm.2021.10.

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The Russian Constitution was adopted by a referendum on December 12, 1993. It was inspired by Western constitutional traditions and internationally recognised democratic and human rights values. The Constitution established three core features of the Russian constitutional order, all breaking with the Soviet past: •The Constitutional provisions on the foundations of the constitutional system, the protection of human rights, and constitutional review are unchangeable and cannot be amended, except via the summoning of a new Constitutional Assembly/national referendum (art. 135).•The Constitution established a strongly monist approach to international law, integrating it into the Russian legal order and giving priority to duly ratified international treaties and agreements to override conflicting domestic laws (art. 15(4)).•The Russian Constitutional Court enjoys exclusive competence to interpret the Constitution via binding precedents.
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Ciekawy, Diane. "Constitutional and Legal Reform in the Postcolony of Kenya." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 25, no. 1 (1997): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700502455.

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The central government of Kenya is well known for its use of the legal system, state structures, and the KANU (Kenya African National Union) party apparatus to threaten and thwart those who criticize its undemocratic practices and human rights violations. There are numerous and detailed accounts of attacks on the news media, the denial of permits for opposition public speaking events, the disruption of opposition party meetings, and the arrest and incarceration of reformist political and religious leaders. It is common for the central government to criminalize political activity by charging critics with sedition or holding an illegal meeting, and to use police violence to break up both licensed and unlicensed political events. Government officials and institutions played a major role in inciting and organizing violence in the Rift Valley from 1991 to 1993 that led to the deaths of over 1,500 people. The return to multiparty politics in 1991, after a lapse of 26 years when KANU reigned supreme, has done little to change these practices. Repression of the freedom of assembly, the freedom of association, and the freedom of expression is the modus operandi of the Kenyan nation-state.
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Cottrell, Robert. "Russia’s Parliamentary and Presidential Elections." Government and Opposition 31, no. 2 (1996): 160–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1996.tb00602.x.

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In December 1995 General Elections Took Place in Russia for the lower house of parliament, the Duma. In constitutional terms the Duma is a relatively weak body, comparable with the French National Assembly. It initiates and enacts legislation, but must find a two-thirds majority if it is to override a presidential veto. The December elections were, however, of a disproportionate significance. The fact that they were taking place was important in itself. The Duma elected in December 1995 was only the second Duma to be elected in post-Soviet Russia, and the first to be elected in relatively normal circumstances. (The preceding Duma had been elected in 1993 only after President Boris Yeltsin had used tanks against the old Supreme Soviet, created a new parliament almost literally out of its ashes, and legitimized his actions by means of a new constitution approved by a national referendum.)
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Wright, Valerie, Jim Philips, and Jim Tomlinson. "Defending the Right to Work: The 1983 Timex Workers’ Occupation in Dundee." Labour History Review: Volume 86, Issue 1 86, no. 1 (2021): 63–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/lhr.2021.4.

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In January 1983 the US-owned multinational Timex, a prominent employer in Dundee since 1946, announced it would cease production of mechanical wristwatches in the city. Substantial redundancies would accompany closure of the Milton of Craigie production unit where 2,000 mainly male skilled engineers and toolmakers were employed. About 2,000 mainly female assembly-line workers would be retained at another factory in the city, at Camperdown, as Timex completed its diversification into subcontracting work in electronics. With this announcement Timex violated the workforce’s moral economy. Significant changes were only permissible where negotiated with union representatives and where the security of those affected was preserved. Capital was leaving Dundee, despite the firm’s receipt of many grants from national and local government. On 8 April Milton workers resisted compulsory redundancy by occupying their plant. Timex was not stopped from ending watchmaking, but compulsory redundancies were averted and a union voice was preserved. Those who wished were transferred to Camperdown. The occupation was a crucial episode in Dundee’s deindustrialization, but has been obscured in popular memory by the bitter dispute accompanying the firm’s final departure from the city in 1993.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "National Assembly (1993)"

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Treille, Eric. "Parti de campagnes : candidatures socialistes et élections législatives 1993-1997." Rennes 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN10418.

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L'emprunt du titre d'une oeuvre de Jean Renoir devient guide de recherche : "approcher le fonctionnement d'un parti politique dans l'élection et par l'élection, d'élections dans un parti et par un parti".
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Alhajeri, Abdullah. "Citizenship and political participation in the State of Kuwait : the case of National Assembly (1963-1996)." Thesis, Durham University, 2004. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1261/.

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El, Hadani Nadia. "Les débats parlementaires sur l'immigration : positions politiques et évolution thématique (1998-2016)." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30317.

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L'Assemblée nationale est le lieu institutionnel par excellence où se construisent des identités et des légitimités, qui reflètent l'image de la société et la diffusent en même temps. L'analyse des débats parlementaires à propos d'immigration de 1998 à 2016 révèle une évolution chronologique, rythmée par des événements politiques ou médiatiques, nationaux ou internationaux, qui renforcent la présence de telle ou telle thématique. Ainsi, la politisation du débat sur l'immigration a constitué un grand tournant dans le discours national. Si des discours sur les valeurs ont d'abord succédé aux préoccupations humaines, c'est aujourd'hui le vocabulaire gestionnaire qui domine : la gestion des demandeurs d'asile, la maîtrise des flux migratoires, les relations internationales. Les discours anti-immigration, qui accompagnent une politique de durcissement et de fermeture, ne reposent donc plus sur des positions idéologiques, mais sur des principes de "réalités", ou supposés tels. Cette étude se voudrait une mise au point sur le discours parlementaire portant sur la question de l'immigration, et ce à travers une analyse textométrique, à l'aide du logiciel libre IRaMuTeQ permettant de montrer l'évolution des thématiques liées à l'immigration et de dessiner les contours du discours dominant<br>The National Assembly is the quintessential institution where identities and legitimacies are formed, which not only reflect the image of society but also display the image of society. The analysis of the parliamentary debates on immigration from 1998 to 2016 reveals a chronological evolution, marked by political or media events, both national and international, which reinforce the presence of such or such theme. Thus, the politicization of the immigration debate was a major turning point in the national discourse. While discourses on values first succeeded human concerns, today it is the managerial vocabulary that prevails namely: the management of asylum seekers, the control of migratory flows and international relations. Anti-immigration discourses, along with hardening and closure policies, are no longer based on ideological positions, but on principles of "realities", or supposed to be. This research intend to examine the parliamentary discourse on immigration, through a textometric analysis, using the free software IRaMuTeQ to show the evolution of themes related to immigration and draw the contours of the dominant discourse
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Viktorovitch, Clément. "Parler, pour quoi faire ? : la délibération parlementaire à l’Assemblée nationale et au Sénat (2008-2012)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0068.

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Les théories de la démocratie délibérative admettent deux modèles, dialogique et rhétorique, réservant chacun au Parlement un rôle central : élaborer les décisions par la discussion délibérative ; contribuer à la formation du jugement des citoyens par le débat contradictoire. Cette thèse explore les fondements empiriques de ces modèles. A travers l’analyse argumentative des débats en séance publique et l’observation ethnographique des échanges en commission, elle compare l’idéal normatif aux pratiques du Parlement français. Discussions délibératives et débats contradictoires se révèlent alors faire partie intégrante des interactions parlementaires. La discussion délibérative se déploie principalement au Sénat et en commission, bien qu’elle émerge parfois à l’Assemblée nationale et en séance publique. Son influence sur la législation demeure limitée, sans être pour autant négligeable. L’hémicycle de l’Assemblée nationale apparaît, lui, comme l’espace privilégié du débat contradictoire. Ces résultats plaident en faveur du bicamérisme, qui permet de concilier les rôles pédagogique et législatif des débats parlementaires. Ils mettent également en avant l’incertitude de la séance publique : loin de se contenter d’enregistrer les décisions gouvernementales, celle-ci se révèle fréquemment comme un espace d’arbitrage et d’élaboration des décisions. Cette étude est enfin l’occasion, à travers l’analyse inductive des données recueillies, de proposer une contribution à la théorie politique : identifier les caractéristiques argumentatives de la discussion délibérative, confirmer et préciser les vertus du débat contradictoire, affiner l’effet du huis clos sur les discussions<br>Deliberative democracy theories allow two different dialogical and rhetorical models which both give a central role to the Parliament: elaborating decisions by way of deliberative discussion and contributing to the formation of the citizens’ judgement by way of contradictory debates. This thesis explores the empirical foundations of these models. Through the argumentative analysis of public session debates and the ethnographical observation of exchanges in committees, it compares the normative ideal to the practices of the French Parliament. Deliberative discussions and contradictory debates thus reveal themselves to be an integral part of parliamentary interactions. Deliberative discussion is mainly deployed in the Sénat and in committees, even though it sometimes emerges at the Assemblée nationale and during public sessions. Its influence on legislation remains limited though not entirely insignificant. On the other hand, the hemicycle of the Assemblée nationale appears to be a prime space for contradictory debate. These results advocate for a bicameral system, which allows the educational and legislative aspects of parliamentary debates to be reconciled. They also highlight the uncertainty of public sessions: far from being restricted to the registering of governmental decisions, these sessions are frequently used to arbitrate and elaborate decisions. Finally, through the inductive analysis of the collected data, this study is the opportunity to put forward a contribution to political theory: identifying the argumentative characteristics of deliberative discussion, confirming and pointing out the virtues of contradictory debate, and clarifying the effects of an in camera environment on discussions
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Obrecht, Marcus. "Niedergang der Parlamente ? : transnationale politik im Deutschen Bundestag und der Assemblée nationale." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00381932.

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Ce travail traite l'évolution de l'institution parlementaire en France et en Allemagne. Il part d'un topo de la recherche sur le parlementarisme : l'idée du déclin de la représentation nationale, une thèse qui a été formulée par de nombreux auteurs parallèlement aux phases de modernisation de l'institution et dont la dernière version s'inspire des processus d'européisation et de mondialisation. La thèse étudie les efforts de l'Assemblée nationale et du Bundestag dans les années 1990 pour s'adapter à ces nouvelles situations, identifie les variables responsables de l'adaptation et observe le changement dans les fonctions de contrôle, de législation, de représentation et de légitimation dans la politique transnationale. Après une analyse du contexte constitutionnel des deux parlements, trois arènes du travail parlementaire font l'objet d'une étude comparative approfondie : les structures de spécialisation (commissions), les structures publiques (plenum) et les structures de réseaux ("la politique étrangère parlementaire"). Les résultats montrent que la fonction législative diminue selon l'interdépendance croissante des systèmes politiques. Si cette fonction perd graduellement en importance, les parlements ont su partiellement compenser cette évolution par un renforcement de leur fonction de contrôle et de leur fonction symbolique.
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Unver, Hamid Akin. "Defining Turkey's Kurdish question : discourse in the US Congress, the European Parliament and the Turkish Grand National Assembly, 1990-99." Thesis, University of Essex, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510897.

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Hamon, Pascal. "Le Groupe parlementaire socialiste à l'Assemblée Nationale de 1973 à 1981." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010297.

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Au renouveau du parti socialiste à partir du congrès d'Epinay (1971) a correspondu un renouvellement du groupe socialiste à l'assemblée nationale à partir des élections législatives de 1973. Il s'est caractérisé pour les dirigeants nationaux du nouveau PS, comme pour ses dirigeants locaux et notamment ses premiers secrétaires fédéraux par un très important cumul entre responsabilités politiques et mandats parlementaires. Tout en pratiquant une opposition à la fois vigilante et sans concession à l'égard de l'activité gouvernementale les membres du groupe socialiste ont veillé à ne pas sombrer dans une obstruction systématique. Ainsi, ils ont contribué à forger l'image de parti de gouvernement que souhaitait se donner le PS, et à préparer l'alternance politique qui s'est produite en juin 1981<br>The renewal of the french socialist party from the congress of Epinay (1971) was correlated with the renewal of the socialist group since the legislative election in the year 1973. For the national leaders of the new socialist party as well as for the local leaders (and especially the first departemental secretaries) it was characterized by an obvious pluralism between political responsabilities and parlementaries mandates. In the same time, the members of the socialist group practiced an incessant and without concession opposition against the government but they also try not to fail in a systematic obstruction. So they contributed to give an image of party of government that the socialist party wanted to give of himself and prepared the political alternation which arrived in may 1981
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Green, Dawn Amanda. "Women and the National Assembly in France : an analysis of institutional change and substantive representation, with special reference to the 1997-2002 legislature." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21894.

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This thesis explores institutional features of the Fifth Republic in France that affect women's representation, both in terms of their access to elected office and in terms of their ability to substantively represent women once elected. After identifying factors that were particularly favourable to women in the 1997 Parliament, it assesses the institutional reforms enacted from 1997-2002, which include not only the Constitutional Amendment and the Parity Law, but also limitations on the cumul des mandats, reform of the Senate, the creation of a statut de l'elu (defining elected officials' benefits and rights) and of the new parliamentary Women's Delegations. It attempts a holistic appraisal of the institutional reforms, and their effect on patterns of political recruitment. The second part analyses practices and power within the Palais-Bourbon to assess gender differences in access to parliamentary posts and tasks. It investigates the National Assembly as a 'gendered institution' and asks whether women are in a position to make a difference to the political process and legislative outcomes. It finds perceptible differences in women's and men's access to power, their committee work and use of parliamentary questions. The thesis concludes with a study of the Women's Delegation. After investigating the rationale and circumstances of its creation, the institutional status of the Delegation within the Assembly is analysed. Its contribution to legislation and its modus operandi in the 1997 Parliament, as well as its integration into the National Assembly are examined, in order to ascertain whether it has the potential to enhance women's substantive representation and to provide' safe space' for women Deputies.
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Justafort, Jean-Claude. "La crise d'Haïti de 1991 à 1994 : De la crise de la démocratie à la menace contre la paix et la sécurité régionales de la Caraïbe." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA4038.

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Cette thèse montre comment la transition démocratique souhaitée par le peuple haïtien après le 7 février 1986 a échoué, tandis qu'à la même époque, tous les pays latino-américains qui se sont engagés sur le chemin du processus de démocratisation ont réussi. Elle montre également comment le coup d'Etat du 30 septembre 1991, qualifié de «crise de la démocratie et des droits de l'Homme en Haïti » a fait l'objet d'un traitement particulier de la part de l'OEA et de l'ONU. En effet, les deux Organisations internationales ont accepté de coopérer en vue de résoudre la crise interne de démocratisation de manière pacifique, après une gestion autonome peu fructueuse de l’OEA. Il s'agit de montrer enfin, comment cette crise de politique intérieure, par la situation qu'elle a engendrée, s'est transformée en un enjeu stratégique et du même coup, est requalifiée en menace contre la paix et la sécurité internationales de la Caraïbe par le Conseil de sécurité. C'est ainsi que l'afflux de réfugiés haïtiens vers les Etats voisins, et la violation de l'Accord de Governors Island sont considérés comme une menace à la paix et à la sécurité de la région des Caraïbes. En réponse à cette situation, le Conseil de sécurité a autorisé une force multilatérale à mener une action coercitive en vue de restaurer l'ordre constitutionnel et de rétablir un climat de sécurité et de stabilité. Aujourd'hui encore, Haïti est toujours sous la supervision sécuritaire la Mission des Nations Unies pour la Stabilisation en Haïti (MINUSTAH)<br>This thesis shows how the democratic transition sought by the Haitian people after 7 February 1986 failed, while all the Latin American countries that committed themselves to the path to democratisation in the same period succeeded. It also shows how the coup d’état of 30 September 1991, seen as a “crisis of democracy and human rights in Haiti”, was the subject of particular treatment by the OAS and the UN. The two international organisations agreed to co-operate with a view to resolving the internal crisis of democratisation in a peaceful way, following autonomous management by the OAS that had yielded scarce results. The final aim is to show how this internal political crisis transformed itself, through the situation that it engendered, into a strategic issue, and at the same time how the Security Council came to see it as a threat to international peace and security in the Caribbean. Thus was it that the flood of Haitian refugees towards neighbouring states and the violation of the Governors Island Agreement were considered a threat to the peace and security of the Caribbean region. In response to this situation, the Security Council authorised a multilateral force to undertake coercive action with a view to restoring constitutional order and re-establishing a climate of security and stability. Today, Haiti is still under the security supervision of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH)
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Paiva, Luiz Guilherme Mendes de. "Populismo Penal no Brasil: do modernismo ao antimodernismo penal, de 1984 a 1990." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2136/tde-31012017-162325/.

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A tese discute a transformação dos discursos político-criminais sobre a pena de prisão no Brasil, no período que compreende os debates para a elaboração da Parte Geral do Código Penal e da Lei de Execução Penal, que reformaram o sistema penal em 1984, e os dispositivos penais e processuais penais discutidos na Assembleia Nacional Constituinte e contemplados na Constituição de 1988. Utilizando conceitos da literatura político-criminal anglo-saxã, as teorias tradicionais da pena e analisando os debates legislativos dos principais marcos legais do período escolhido, pretendeu-se verificar se o processo de superencarceramento brasileiro está inserido no contexto ocidental de valorização da prisão no final do século XX, ou se as peculiaridades do caso nacional indicam tratar-se de um fenômeno com causas endógenas. O trabalho parte da hipótese de que a virada punitiva brasileira está ligada ao processo de redemocratização, que atribuiu ao sistema de justiça criminal o papel de instrumento de resolução de problemas sociais complexos. Em um curto período, partiu-se de uma concepção de pena criminal como ultima ratio, instrumento de um sistema mais amplo de ressocialização e inclusão social, para um direito penal essencialmente punitivo. Nesse processo, a pena criminal foi revalorizada tanto por setores conservadores que se aproveitaram da utilidade eleitoral da política criminal para construir a narrativa da pena como instrumento de exclusão dos indesejáveis, em detrimento dos direitos humanos dos condenados quanto por setores progressistas que viram no potencial simbólico da prisão uma forma de assegurar pautas e de buscar direitos sociais. Assim, de maneira paradoxal, a pena de prisão assumiu o papel de síntese das demandas contraditórias que se apresentaram durante as disputas políticas nos anos 1980. Ao final, conclui-se que a prática contemporânea do sistema penal brasileiro está ligada à função atribuída à pena de prisão a partir da abertura política. O recurso a penas cada vez mais altas, o perene apelo a restrições processuais penais e a indiferença quanto à situação dos cárceres (agora concebidos como meros instrumentos de exclusão) refletem a lógica de colonização do sistema de justiça pelo aparato de segurança pública, característica constitutiva do antimodernismo penal no país.<br>The thesis presents a discussion about the transformation of criminal policy discourses on imprisonment in Brazil, from the 1984 criminal justice reform laws to the debates on the constitutional framework of the criminal justice system during the National Constituent Assembly, in 1988. Using concepts developed in the Anglo-Saxon criminology and the traditional justifications for criminal sanctions, the work analyses the legislative debates in order to verify if Brazilian overincarceration is part of the punitive turn wave which took place in the Western world in the late 20th century, or if its peculiarities should rather be explained by endogenous causes. It goes to illustrate how, in few years, Brazilian punitive turn departed from a welfare penal agenda to one essentially based on punitive sanctions. The hypothesis investigated along the work is that this phenomenon has direct links to the democratization process which attributed to the criminal justice system the role of solving complex social problems. Both conservatives, who discovered the electoral potential of penal populism, and new social movements, who relied on the symbolic nature of criminal law to support and organize civil rights demands, reinvigorated imprisonment. Paradoxically, prison became a synthesis of contradictory political forces and demands raised at the decline of military regime. The work concludes that contemporary practices of Brazilian criminal justice system are determined by the role assigned to imprisonment since democratization. Ever-higher prison sentences, limits on procedural rights for the accused and indifference towards inhumane prisons (now merely defined as a neutralization tool) reflects colonization of the criminal justice system by crime control apparatus, which is a constitutive feature of penal late modernism in Brazil.
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Books on the topic "National Assembly (1993)"

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Group, Commonwealth Observer. The presidential and National Assembly elections in Seychelles, 20-23 July, 1993. Commonwealth Secretariat, 1993.

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Secretariat, Commonwealth. The National Assembly election in Pakistan, 6th October 1993: The report of the Commonwealth Observer Group. Commonwealth Secretariat, 1993.

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Secretariat, Commonwealth. The presidential and national assembly elections in Seychelles, 20-23 July 1993: The report of the Commonwealth Observer Group. Commonwealth Secretariat, 1993.

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Group, Commonwealth Observer. Presidential and National Assembly elections in Seychelles, 20-23 July 1993: Report of the Commonwealth Observer Group. Commonwealth Secretariat, 1993.

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Nepal, National Assembly of Women and Environment "Partners in Life" (1993 Kathmandu Nepal). Proceedings of the Nepal National Assembly of Women and Environment "Partners in Life", 19-21 December 1993. Manushi, 1994.

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Lesotho. Commission of Enquiry into the Conduct and Results of the Lesotho General Election. Report of the Commission of Enquiry into the Conduct and Results of the Lesotho General Election, held in May 1998. The Commission, 1998.

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Acakzaʼī, Maḥmūd K̲h̲ān. Parliamentary speeches (1990-1996). [publisher not identified], 2005.

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Malinda, Thomas N. Reflections of my life: (from 1924 to 1996). T.N. Malinda, 1996.

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Mosaase, Phomolo. 1998 National Assembly elections report. LCN, 1998.

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Vietnam. Luật đá̂t đai: Thông qua tại Quó̂c hội khóa IX kỳ hợp thứ ba 14/7/1993 = Law on Land : approved by the Legislature IX of the National Assembly of SRV, as its 3nd [sic] session on July 14, 1993. Vietnam Trade Information Centre, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "National Assembly (1993)"

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Saka, Luqman, and Adebola Rafiu Bakare. "The Nigerian House of Representatives, 1999–2016." In The Nigerian National Assembly. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11905-8_6.

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Ajayi, Ola-Rotimi Matthew, and Abdullahi Muawiyya. "Senate Leadership in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic, 1999 to Date." In The Nigerian National Assembly. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11905-8_7.

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Oni, Samuel, Faith Olanrewaju, and Oluwatimilehin Deinde-Adedeji. "The Legislature and Law Making in Nigeria: Interrogating the National Assembly (1999–2018)." In The Nigerian National Assembly. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11905-8_2.

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Udefuna, Patrick Nnadozie. "The Nigerian Senate, 1999–2019." In Two Decades of Legislative Politics and Governance in Nigeria’s National Assembly. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4455-6_12.

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Tobi, Andrew Ariyo, Gafar Idowu Ayodeji, and Boris Happy Odalonu. "An Assessment of the Oversight Role of the National Assembly, 1999–2019." In Two Decades of Legislative Politics and Governance in Nigeria’s National Assembly. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4455-6_8.

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Abraham, Terfa W. "The Nigerian House of Representatives from 1999–2019: A Performance Assessment." In Two Decades of Legislative Politics and Governance in Nigeria’s National Assembly. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4455-6_11.

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Hassan, Muritala Babatunde. "The National Assembly and the Paradox of Defection Politics in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic, 1999–2019." In Two Decades of Legislative Politics and Governance in Nigeria’s National Assembly. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4455-6_14.

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"Introduction." In The Presidential and National Assembly Elections in Seychelles, 20–23 July 1993. Commonwealth, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.14217/9781848595392-1-en.

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"The Transition Process." In The Presidential and National Assembly Elections in Seychelles, 20–23 July 1993. Commonwealth, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.14217/9781848595392-2-en.

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"Preparations for the Elections." In The Presidential and National Assembly Elections in Seychelles, 20–23 July 1993. Commonwealth, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.14217/9781848595392-3-en.

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Conference papers on the topic "National Assembly (1993)"

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Lombeyda, Santiago V., and William C. Regli. "Conceptual Design for Assembly." In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/dfm-8943.

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Abstract This paper presents an approach to support computer-aided conceptual design of mechatronic assemblies in a collaborative, multi-user environment. We describe a system, Conceptual Understanding and Prototyping (CUP), that allows a team of design engineers, collaborating over the Internet, to develop a high-level structure-function-behavior (S-B-F) description of an assembly in a VRML-based virtual environment. Our goal is to enable users to navigate intricate product data management (PDM) and case-based design knowledge-bases, providing the ability to perform design at conceptual level and have intelligent CAD tools that can draw on details from large repositories of previously archived designs. This work furthers research efforts in computer support for collaborative design activities — drawing on work in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and Computer Supported Collaborative Work (CSCW). We envision CUP to be a network interface to next-generation of engineering PDM systems and CAD databases. We are deploying CUP as query interface to the National Design Repository (http://repos.mcs.drexel.edu). This will enable CAD users to interrogate large quantities of legacy data and identify artifacts with structural and functional similarities — allowing designers to perform case-based and variant design.
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Ouzounian, Gerald, Roberto Miguez, and Jean-Louis Tison. "Site Selection for a Geological Disposal in France: An Approach of Convergence." In ASME 2010 13th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2010-40084.

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On December 1991, the French National Assembly passed the French Waste Management Research Act, authorizing a 15 year research program of three options for HLW: separation and/or transmutation, long-term storage, and geologic disposal. On June 2006, the “Planning Act on the sustainable management of radioactive materials and waste” sets a new framework and new aims to the above mentioned options. This paper deals only with the geologic disposal research program. In a step by step approach, this program has been broken down into three phases having intermediate goals (objectives): site selection for an Underground research Laboratory (URL), potential disposal feasibility, potential reversible disposal design. The first step of the research program aimed at URL site selection. From 1994 to 1996, Andra carried out geological-characterization work in four districts. This enabled to make the Request for Licensing and Operation of the laboratory facility on three sites. During this phase, wells, 2D seismic campaigns and land studies of geologic outcrops were the essential activities. The result was the selection of the most suitable site for the implementation of an underground laboratory. Main results on Bure URL will be presented in the paper. In the second phase the research program targeted the safety and technical feasibility of a potential reversible disposal somewhere in Meuse and Haute Marne districts site, chosen by the government in 1998. Andra conducted geologic survey during the URL shaft construction and experiments in drifts at depths of 445 and 490 m. This program allowed consolidating the knowledge already acquired: geological environment, stability of the rock, containment properties and it confirms that the rock will maintain its qualities. The 2005 Progress Report presents the results of this phase. The main conclusion is that a potential disposal facility may be safely constructed over a zone around the URL, called transposition zone (about 250 km2). The paper will present the most important results in this phase. From 2006, the third phase of the program, the activities were oriented, inside the transposition zone, to determine a smaller zone in which a potential disposal facility could be designed. In 2009, Andra issued a proposal describing such a zone to the French authorities. In this paper, the main results of this phase will be presented. Finally, the next steps towards a final implementation will be given.
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Lyons, Kevin, Steven Shooter, Walid Keirouz, and Peter Hart. "The Open Assembly Design Environment: An Architecture for Design Agent Interoperability." In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/dfm-8945.

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Abstract The Open Assembly Design Environment (OpenADE) project is an initiative at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to provide an integrated and augmented CAD environment for assembly design. The goals of the project are: (1) to identify representations and issues for the next generation of assembly-related standards and (2) assist designers with assembly considerations throughout the phases of a product’s design — from conception to final process plan development. OpenADE’s open architecture provides standard interfaces that allow it to link to commercial and non-commercial design tools: parametric design systems, virtual reality environments, assembly analysis tools, and assembly process planners. The OpenADE project has explored issues relating to knowledge representations, virtual reality, assembly-level tolerances, constraint-based specifications, and assembly process management. This article describes the OpenADE architecture and the components that have already been implemented. It also describes plans for extending OpenADE’s assembly knowledge representations and handling of geometric and kinematic constraints.
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McDonald, Colin F. "The MHTGR Gas Turbine: A Power Plant Ideally Suited to Meeting the Energy Needs of the Newly Industrializing Nations." In ASME 1993 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/93-gt-197.

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It has been estimated, that shortly after the year 2050, the energy use in the developing nations will exceed energy use in the industrialized countries. Utilization of the human resources in the newly industrializing nations will be a key factor to ensure global economic stability, and an important element towards an increase in their standard of living will be assurance of a secure and economic source of power. Lessons learned from the industrialized nations will include avoidance of fragility of their economy based on the dependence of fossil fuels, and the negative environmental consequences; simply stated the economic future of the newly industrializing nations is very dependent on the deployment of nuclear power. The Modular High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (MHTGR), with its unquestionable safety, must be viewed as a leading candidate to meet the aforementioned energy needs. Utilizing a helium turbine power conversion system, the basic module rating is around 200 MW(e). The modular approach permits incremental expansion as the electrical grid infrastructure expands. The nuclear gas turbine plant has many attributes, including the following: (1) complete factory fabrication and assembly; (2) minimum site construction work; (3) siting flexibility (cooling water not required since economic dry cooling can be realized with the Brayton cycle); (4) operation in a cogeneration mode without loss of electrical output (i.e., steam production, desalination); and (5) increasing local participation in module fabrication as the system matures. This paper highlights the advantages of the modular nuclear gas turbine plant, and emphasizes the fact that the major components are based on proven technology. With introduction of this inherently safe, high efficiency, nuclear power plant shortly after the turn of the century, the ever-increasing demand for power throughout the 21st century by the newly industrializing nations will be assured.
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Basdogan, Ipek, Thomas J. Royston, Juan Barraza, Deming Shu, and Tuncer M. Kuzay. "A Theoretical and Experimental Study of the Vibratory Behavior of a High-Precision Optical Positioning Table." In ASME 1997 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc97/vib-4215.

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Abstract At the Advanced Photon Source (APS), a state-of-the-art synchrotron radiation facility at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), high-precision optical positioning systems are needed to conduct a wide range of experiments utilizing the high-brilliance x-ray beam. The high-precision, multi-dimensional positioning capability required for these positioning systems may be compromised by vibratory motion. The vibratory dynamics of the complex kinematic joints and components that comprise these multibody structures are not easily described by simple theoretical models. A combined experimental and theoretical approach has been developed to predict the dynamic properties of the individual components and joints and of the assembled multibody system. A prototypical optical table has been analyzed as an example case.
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Shimada, Kazuaki, Hiroyasu Ushijima, Akira Yabe, Hisao Ogiyama, and Yasukata Tsutsui. "Advanced Ceramic Technology Developed for Industrial 300kW CGT (Ceramic Gas Turbine) Research and Development Project in Japan." In ASME 1993 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/93-gt-188.

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The characteristics and the points of innovation for the ceramic technology established in the Japanese national energy conservation project supported by Agency of Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) MITI, entitled “The 300kW Industrial Ceramic Gas Turbine Research and Development Project” have been cleared and reviewed. Especially, from the viewpoint of the role and the characteristics of the ceramic components, the progress of the three types of the ceramic gas turbines, which are: (a) “Regenerative Single–shaft Ceramic Gas Turbine for Cogeneration” (CGT–301); (b) “Regenerative Two–shaft Ceramic Gas Turbine for Cogeneration” (CGT–302) and (c) “Regenerative Two–shaft Ceramic Gas Turbine for Mobile Power Generation” (CGT–303), has been explained in parallel. All ceramic components have already been manufactured for the turbine inlet temperature of 1200 deg C and tested as the components, which will be assembled and evaluated as the interim evaluation test in 1993. Especially, the characteristics of the ceramic components have been reviewed in several points such as the fabrication process for clearing the contrast among three types of ceramic gas turbine.
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Vejju, Kishore Sai, and Jeffrey S. Freeman. "Multibody Modeling of Vehicles in a Virtual Prototyping Environment." In ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1995-0236.

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Abstract This paper presents concepts involved in the theory and implementation of a vehicle body and suspension modeling tool as part of the software development for the National Advanced Driving Simulator (NADS). The NADS will be a state-of-the-art, operator-in-the-loop ground vehicle simulator, which can be applied to both human factors and vehicle virtual prototyping studies. By applying the modeling tool developed in this study, vehicle kinematic models can be easily created and tested, either using off-line engineering analysis packages or using operator-in-the-loop simulators, such as the NADS. Vehicles are complex systems containing multiple bodies, joints and force generating elements. Manually modeling these systems for kinematic and/or dynamic analysis is tedious and prone to errors. This creates a need for a modeling tool which reduces modeling time, increases modeling accuracy and is easy to use. This paper discusses the concepts involved in developing a modeling tool for the topology analysis and assembly of the multibody vehicle model. Suspension system modeling is briefly described, along with an example employing the US Army HMMWV vehicle.
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Apak, Sudi, and Selin Kozan. "The Impact of Ukraine Crisis's on Turkey and Ukraine’s Economic Relationship." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01262.

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After the breakup of the Soviet Union and independence declaration of Ukraine in 1991, as in the other Soviet countries, Ukraine has left a heavy industrial based economy with an insufficient technology. Trade relations with Turkey gained momentum in 2004 and has continued its growing until today. This trade relationship has a complementary role and mostly based on intermediate good export. Turkey is the second largest export volume partner of Ukraine and providing the largest trade surplus for Ukraine. Ukraine economy is very sensitive to foreign trade fluctuations, therefore in the 2009 global crisis, Turkey’s trade volume with Ukraine declined more than two times. In 2014, military conflict in the East, Russian trade restrictions, the Hryvnia depreciation and tight fiscal austerity measures have exacerbated the existing macroeconomic challenges of Ukraine and pushed the country into its deepest recession since 2009.&#x0D; This study analyses the Ukraine crisis effects on its economic situation and effects on the Turkey and Ukraine’s economic relationship by using statistical methods. Data sources are: National Bank of Ukraine, State Statistics Service of Ukraine, Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, Trade Statistics for International Business Development, National Bank of Turkey, Turkish Exporters Assembly, Turkish Statistical Institute.&#x0D; Turkey, as a country has earned trusts of both Ukraine and Russia, is able to lead a peacekeeping force in Ukraine. Furthermore, Turkey should evaluate the possibilities to provide a credit line to Ukraine and it would be useful for Turkey to search the other markets and trade conditions as well.
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Baturkin, Volodymyr, Vladylen Zaripov, Charles E. Andraka, and Timothy A. Moss. "Features of Fabrication Technology and Properties of Wicks of Heat Pipe Receivers for Solar Dish/Stirling Systems." In ASME 2005 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2005-76132.

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Elaboration of robust and reliable capillary systems for solar energy heat pipe receivers is the important step for future application of this product for systems with thermal power of 30–80 kW. The paper considers a new approach to fabrication of capillary structure of heat pipe receivers on the basis of discrete metal fibers with diameter of 30 microns made of stainless steel 316L, and describes some of methods of wicks characterization as well. This technology has been demonstrated by fabrication of porous 4 mm thick wicks with bulk porosity about 0.82 applied to convex surfaces of dome-shaped receivers with radius 178 mm/height 119 mm (thermal power 36 kW) and radius 247 mm/height 173 mm (thermal power 68 kW) and for inner surface of tube with length 450 mm and diameter 73 mm (thermal power 14 kW). The distinction of the proposed technology is in the use of discrete fibers, which are felted on the curved surface in a special way and in the combination of procedures of the felt formation and their sintering to the surface (substrate material is Haynes Alloy 230). Execution of an extensive program of experimental characterization of a wick layer attached to the substrate has been developed and completed. The characterization of applied wicks determines a definition of their structural (local porosity, thickness of porous layer), mechanical (quality of wick bonding to substrate) and hydrodynamic properties (pumping diameter, one-phase and two-phase permeability). Initial estimation of wick performance was performed on the basis of methods developed at the National Technical University of Ukraine for two main modes of receiver operation — with return of sodium to a point on the dome (reflux) and without it. Prediction of receiver thermal performance, when they operate as a part of solar concentration assembly, was determined by specialized heat pipe performance software /Sandia National Laboratories, C. Andraka, 1999/.
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Alciatore, David G. "A Heuristic Application-Specific Path Planner for Robot Motion Planning." In ASME 1992 International Computers in Engineering Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cie1992-0016.

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Abstract This paper presents the development and simulation results of a Heuristic Application-Specific Path Planner (HASPP) that can be used to automatically plan trajectories for a manipulator operating around obstacles. Since the implementation of HASPP is inherently application-specific due to dependence on heuristics, the application of HASPP to an eight degree of freedom Pipe Manipulator is presented as an illustrative example. This development and simulation was implemented on a Silicon Graphics Personal IRIS with the aid of WALKTHRU, a 3-D simulation and animation tool, and software developed in C. HASPP uses extensive knowledge of the manipulator’s workspace and makes certain assumptions about the environment in finding trajectories. The algorithm also makes use of the manipulator’s redundant degrees of freedom to avoid obstacles and joint limits during the trajectory while obtaining a heuristic near-optimal solution. The algorithm is rule-based, governed by heuristics and well-defined geometric tests, providing extremely fast results. It finds “good” trajectories that are optimal within the defined heuristics. When a trajectory is not feasible for the given geometry, the algorithm offers a diagnosis of the limiting constraints. The Pipe Manipulator HASPP implementation has been tested thoroughly with the computer graphics model and it has demonstrated the ability to reliably determine near-optimal collision-free erection trajectories completely automatically. No other planning techniques available in the literature have demonstrated the ability to solve problems as complex as the example presented here. The use of HASPP with simulation offers many application opportunities including plant design constructability studies, assembly and maintenance planning, pre-planning and pre-programming of equipment tasks, and equipment operator assistance. This work was the result of construction automation research sponsored by the National Science Foundation.
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