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Heilen, Michael Peter. "An Archaeological Theory of Landscapes." Diss., Tucson, Arizona : University of Arizona, 2005. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu%5Fetd%5F1242%5F1%5Fm.pdf&type=application/pdf.
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Carr, Alyson. "An Exploratory Study of Test Anxiety As It Relates To The National Clinical Mental Health Counseling Examination." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6201.
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Test anxiety involves a variety of physiological, cognitive, and emotional components. Those suffering from high test anxiety seem to perform poorly on examinations because test anxiety can contribute to information processing challenges both while studying for tests and during evaluative situations. Current research indicates that when a training program is applied that incorporates cognitive behavioral techniques as well as study skills training, highly test anxious individuals can overcome information processing challenges, increase their academic performance, and earn higher scores on tests.
In this study, a training program (Counseling Exam Test Anxiety Intervention) combining cognitive behavioral techniques and study skills training was applied to highly test anxious counselors and counselors in training preparing to retake the National Clinical Mental Health Counseling Examination (NCMHCE) after failing it at least once. This study makes the first known attempt to examine test anxiety specifically associated with the NCMHCE. The research questions guiding this study related to exploring the nature of test anxiety, any changes that occurred during administration of the Counseling Exam Test Anxiety Intervention (CETAI), and whether or not the CETAI was effective in terms of decreasing test anxiety and increasing academic performance. The findings revealed that when participants in this study applied the skills they learned from the CETAI, they improved their scores on practice tests, experienced an increase in confidence, and the majority of them successfully passed the NCMHCE when they retook it.
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Hillhouse, Joel J., Rob Turrisi, Michael J. Cleveland, Nichole M. Scaglione, Katie Baker, and L. Carter Florence. "Theory-Driven Longitudinal Study Exploring Indoor Tanning Initiation in Teens Using a Person-Centered Approach." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/58.
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Background
Younger indoor tanning initiation leads to greater melanoma risk due to more frequent and persistent behavior. Despite this, there are no published studies exploring the predictors of indoor tanning initiation in teen populations.
Purpose
This longitudinal study uses latent profile analysis to examine indoor tanning initiation in indoor tanning risk subgroups from a national sample of female adolescents.
Methods
Latent profile analysis used indoor tanning beliefs and perceptions to identify indoor tanning initiation risk subgroups. The teens in each subgroup were reassessed on indoor tanning initiation after a year.
Results
Three subgroups were identified: a low risk, anti-tanning subgroup (18.6 %) characterized by low scores on positive indoor tanning belief scales and high scores on beliefs about indoor tanning dangers; a moderate risk aware social tanner subgroup (47.2 %) characterized by high scores on positive indoor tanning belief scales but also high scores on beliefs about indoor tanning dangers; and a high risk risky relaxation tanner subgroup (34.2 %) characterized by high scores on positive indoor tanning belief scales and low scores on beliefs about indoor tanning dangers. Teens in the aware social tanner and risky relaxation tanner subgroups were significantly more likely to initiate indoor tanning in the following year.
Conclusions
These findings highlight the need to identify teens at risk for indoor tanning initiation and develop tailored interventions that will move them to the lowest risk subgroup. Subgroup correlates suggest parent and peer-based interventions may be successful.
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Bowers, Matthew. "Does Decertification Work? Outcome Analysis of the National Football Leagues Negotiated Order (1986-2008)." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1350.
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For decades, union membership and activity has been declining in North America; employers have demanded greater flexibility and have successfully weakened workplace and worker protections. Modern workers increasingly use alternative strategies to negotiate conditions of employment with managers who have limited their discretionary power. Negotiated order theory provides a useful tool for analyzing the mesostructural arrangements of bargaining parties during labor disputes. This thesis applies negotiated order theory to explore how and why the National Football League (NFL) players have twice decertified their union and sought court intervention to challenge the legitimacy of the League's highly restrictive reserve system. An outcome-focused content analysis was designed as a preliminary investigation to ascertain why an alternative strategy was sought and if the strategy proved more effective in securing the players' preferred ends than conventional collective bargaining. The NFL case offers a fixed market from which to formulate a negotiation context of the interorganizational structures and bargaining interactions of its members.
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Bound, Mark George. "Nation-State Personality Theory: A Qualitative Comparative Historical Analysis of Russian Behavior, during Social/Political Transition." NSUWorks, 2015. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/33.
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The study theorizes that a nation-state can manifest a condition similar to that of personality commonly associated with humans. Through the identification of consistent behaviors, a personality like condition is recognizable, and the underlining motivations dictate national policy independent of any current social/political influence. The research examines Russia during two historical periods examining the conflict events and social/political transitions of the period, to identify common behavioral characteristics, which indicate the existence of any independent personality like trait.
The study focuses on two historical periods: the Monarch Period of Peter I (The Great), and the Post-Soviet Union period of Vladimir Putin, periods selected as historical eras in which Russia experienced major political or social transition. Using a comparative qualitative historical analysis with a behaviorist focus, the research examines these periods by profiling each era’s elements of society and the events of domestic and international conflict that Russia experienced, while evaluating the actions taken in response to each.
The research discovers that Russia exhibits personality like traits, similar to those associated with humans and are likewise developed from experience, and once imbedded into Russian psychology, regardless of the current social/political elements or situational conditions, remain prime motivators to Russian behavior. The personality like characteristic identified was similar to inferiority, which leads to behavior characteristics comparable to narcissism, as the definition of narcissism relates to the need for admiration and or acceptance. The study identified the origins of the inferiority like complex and the narcissistic like behavior pattern exhibited by Russia in both periods.
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Jeffers, Amy J. "NON-MEDICAL USE OF PRESCRIPTION STIMULANTS FOR WEIGHT LOSS: PREDICTORS, CONSEQUENCES, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERVENTION IN A NATIONAL YOUNG ADULT SAMPLE." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4577.
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The non-medical use of prescription drugs is an important public health concern. Non-medical use of prescription stimulants (NMUPS), specifically medications used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), is particularly concerning. One timely concern regarding NMUPS, especially among young adults, is their role in appetite suppression/weight loss. Indeed, some individuals are motivated to misuse such drugs for the purpose of losing weight. Engaging in NMUPS for weight loss has been examined only minimally in the research literature. However, extant data demonstrate that this behavior is associated with other unhealthy behaviors and poor psychosocial health. Limitations of prior research include the exclusive use of college student samples and little attention to relevant health behavior theory. The current study investigated NMUPS for weight loss in a national, young adult sample (n = 1526), ages 18-25 years, utilizing Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. Motivations and attitudes about NMUPS were evaluated, within the framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). A structural equation model (SEM) was analyzed, which included attitudes; social norms; and perceived behavioral control (PBC) to lose weight without stimulants, as predictors of engaging in past year NMUPS for weight loss. Approximately 12.0% of participants reported lifetime NMUPS for weight loss, and of these, 48.4% reported past year use. Findings demonstrate that use is related to disordered eating and unhealthy weight loss behaviors, including vomiting; high rates of other substance use; and psychological concerns, including body dissatisfaction and depressive symptomatology. These results suggest that NMUPS for weight loss is associated with a variety of negative consequences and users are not well-informed regarding medication knowledge. The SEM provided adequate overall fit to the data; two of the four social norms and both PBC factors were significantly associated with NMUPS for weight loss. This study extends the literature on the utility of the TPB in examining NMUPS, and provides the first research on utilizing the TPB to examine NMUPS for weight loss. Methods aimed at increasing PBC regarding stimulant use and weight loss, and emphasizing healthful and sustaining weight loss strategies, improving mental health, and educating about polysubstance use are potential intervention targets.
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Fallon-Cyr, Daniel. "Revenue Incentives and Referee Propensity to Make Foul Calls in the NBA Finals." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1599.
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In this study I examine foul calls by NBA referees alongside the difference in aggressiveness of twelve NBA basketball teams as they compete for the Championship Title. I aim to identify referee biases that increase the likelihood of the NBA Finals ending in a later game due to league revenue incentives. My data consists of 91 individual NBA Finals games played between the 2001 and 2016 NBA Finals. After controlling for changes in play as well as the difference in aggressiveness, I find that NBA referee’s foul calls are more dependent on a call on the opposing team in situations with a larger series score spread. Additionally, I identify a consistent officiating bias towards the home team. My results imply an effort by the NBA to increase the probability of the series ending in a later game, possibly motivated by increased revenues for the league and all parties involved.
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Henry-Campbell, Suzette Amoy. "The Future of Work: An Investigation of the Expatriate Experiences of Jamaican C-suite Female Executives in the Diaspora, on Working in Multi-national Companies." Diss., NSUWorks, 2019. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/124.
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The purpose of this study was to understand the lived experiences of Jamaican Expatriate Female C-suite executives in the diaspora of working in Multi-national Companies (MNCs). A further question to be answered was the meaning they derived from their experiences. With little research emerging from the Caribbean about this elite class of professionals, the research intended to expose the challenges faced as an outsider in unfamiliar spaces. Research on other groups have exposed limiting factors to women’s progress in MNCs. Critical Race Theory with a brief mention of Critical Human Geography and Intersectionality are lens applied to critique the experiences of the eight participants.
This research mined the extant literature that looked at navigating barriers, disrupting stereotypes and gender diversity in international careers. The method of inquiry applied to this research was existential phenomenology and its utility in getting to the essence of the women’s lived experiences highlighted the glass-border phenomenon.
In reflecting on the outcome, this research opens the door for scholars and practitioners alike, to critically assess the expatriate literature and to probe further the complex relationship between international business, the movement of black talent across geographic and culturally diverse boundaries and the challenges encountered. The results of this study illuminated several themes from the participants textural descriptions: (1) Moving from Invisible to Visible – Disrupting Bias; (2) Who am I? – Identity, Gender and Heritage; (3) Renegotiating the Rules of Engagement paired with Re-branding the Role and Authority of Women in Business; (4) Male Sponsorship Leads to Acceptance; (5) Improving Skill and Competency Capital for New Roles; (6) Building and Maintaining Bridges – Network Management.
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Bryan, Licona. "Countering Violent Extremism in Peshawar Pakistan." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/114.
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Spikes of militancy, intolerance, ethnic division and sectarianism have all risen within Pakistan in recent years, yet Pakistan’s continuous battle to deter violent extremism fails to be successful. Following the December 16, 2014 Army Public School (APS) massacre in Peshawar Pakistan little empirical attention has been paid on how the Pakistani government, in the Northwest region of Pakistan, is countering violent extremism (CVE). As well as, its link to policy-making decisions on CVE. This dissertation study sought to analyze the currently active CVE narrative that Pakistan implemented into its Constitution in 2014. This qualitative explanatory case study project focused on operational links that could be traced over time. A content analysis of secondary sources of Pakistani political briefings and press conferences relating to the Pakistani 21st amendment was carried out to identify important themes that emerged. The qualitative analysis of the data generated five themes: (1) word-based agency, (2) knowledge & governance, (3) accountability, (4) closure, and (5) deontic orientation. To assist in addressing the research question, a critical holistic historical qualitative case study analysis was preferred because of its unique strength in incorporating various sources of evidence. Several suggestions of the findings are discussed. These include suggestions for practice and theory, bench-marking of the 21st amendment, and the inclusion of stakeholders in the CVE process.
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Morgan, Brian. "The Process of Foreseeing| A Case Study of National Security Strategy Development." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3733631.
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Problem. As demonstrated by strategic miscalculations since World War II, national security and military strategy development often do not integrate understanding of a range of possible future conditions in the national security environment. Scholarly research lacks examination of the role foreseeing plays in strategy development in the national security, or military, context. Foreseeing as a cognitive process, to include its application in sectors other than the national security establishment, is a much-discussed but not empirically researched topic within the strategy and management fields.
Research question. This study addressed one primary research question: How does the process of foreseeing possible future conditions inform development of national security strategy?
Method. This research was a case study of foreseeing, viewed as it occurred within the organizational strategy development process initiated by the commanding officer of a large U.S. military organization and key senior members of his staff. The researcher conducted interviews of the commander and his staff, observed a strategy review session, and reviewed working documents and published strategy documents produced by the organization.
Conclusions. The study resulted in three conclusions. The first and most fundamental conclusion was that foreseeing was observed in this case of strategy development through eight properties that describe the foreseeing process, and they were dynamically interrelated to generate enactive inputs to strategic decision making. Next, the data clearly illustrated that foreseeing was shaped by several factors, including individual characteristics of the participants, external environmental conditions, and internal aspects of the organization that impacted the organization’s strategic resource allocation decisions. Finally, foreseeing and sensemaking, as described by Dr. Karl Weick and his colleagues over several years, are inextricably linked as distinct but complementary processes; foreseeing is sensemaking forward.
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Coulson, Evan Ryan. "Shawnee National Forest Rock Climbing and Frontcountry Recreation: Leave No Trace, Awareness, Attitudes and Behaviors." OpenSIUC, 2016. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1227.
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Land managers are facing increasing visitation rates on the resources under their care resulting in associated impacts and complex management challenges. As the Shawnee National Forest (SNF) management team updates and revises the 2006 SNF Land and Resource Management Plan, understanding influences on visitor attitudes and behaviors becomes essential. This dissertation presents findings and associated planning recommendations from three social science research efforts on the SNF. The first manuscript examined the effects of the knowledge of, and attitudes towards, Leave No Trace (LNT), as well as visitor perceptions of effectiveness and difficulty to perform minimum impact practices, on the intentions of visitors to perform future minimum impact behaviors. A survey instrument was deployed at ten different recreation sites on the forest to measure the variables of interest. Results indicated that visitor attitudes toward the appropriateness of practicing LNT, perceptions of effectiveness of LNT practices and beliefs pertaining to the ease of LNT practice do, to an extent, influence visitor behavioral intentions. The second manuscript examined the relationships within, and influences of, levels of recreation specialization, place bonding and origin of introduction to the sport of rock climbing on the environmental awareness of climbers. Results indicated that climbers are aware of ecological conditions at Jackson Falls, SNF. Origin of introduction was not a direct influence on impact awareness, as were the constructs of specialization and place, however it was correlated with both constructs suggesting a possible indirect influence. When combined, the constructs of specialization and place influenced climber awareness, albeit the influence was small. Moreover, as the combination of these constructs served as a better predictor than each alone, underlying drivers of influence within each construct is suspected. Recommendations for further research that deconstructs recreation specialization and place bonding are discussed. The third manuscript addressed relationships within, and influences of: past experience; economic investment; skill; centrality to lifestyle; commitment; place familiarity, belongingness, identity, dependence, and rootedness; origin of introduction and knowledge of LNT on rock climbers’ attitudes and self-reported onsite behaviors. Origin was not a direct influence on attitudes or behaviors. Knowledge was correlated with behaviors. While several relationships between variables were uncovered, predictive potential of variables on attitude and behavior was small. Exploratory Factor Analysis was conducted uncovering four underlying unobservable factors within the variables. A proposed model and associated implications are discussed. Management recommendations emerging from this dissertation, including strategies for indirect management opportunities such as persuasive messaging and minimum impact education efforts as well as opportunities for adaptive co-management opportunities with area recreation advocacy groups, were discussed in the concluding chapter.
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Colbert, Calvin. "Job Satisfaction in the National Geospatial Intelligence Agency." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2961.
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Approximately every 20 years, a new generation is born and eventually dominates the workforce; although changes occur with each new generation, the importance of job satisfaction remains constant. Research within the U.S. Intelligence Community is lacking with regard to changing trends of job satisfaction levels. The purpose of this study was to explore job satisfaction levels between Generation X and Generation Y workforce employees at the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA). The central research question addressed how job satisfaction differed by generational differences in the workforce. A quantitative method was used to assess survey data. A structural equation modeling technique was used to simultaneously test the plausibility of variable relationships to include the following: independent variables—compensation, environment, advancement, performance, training, supervision, motivation, demographics, leadership; and the dependent variable, job satisfaction. Regarding theoretical construct, the McGregor theories X and Y was used to address 2 fundamental approaches that affected job satisfaction levels exclusive to Generation X and Y. Full time NGA employees from the Analysis and Production Directorate completed a survey to assess whether generational differences affected employees’ job satisfaction. Key findings indicated that Generation X employees associated job satisfaction as a measure of respect for their positions within NGA and Generation Y employees viewed job satisfaction as a measure of advancement and performance. The implications for positive social change include combating generational policy biases in the U.S.
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Ashcraft, Audrey Marie. "Experiences of Subtle Sexism Among Women Employees in the National Park Service." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7588.
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Although blatant sexism persists in the workplace, there is a subtler type of sexism that is not often discussed. Some of the harmful outcomes that concern organization employees and leaders include decreased job satisfaction and morale, increased stress and turnover, damaged workplace relationships, barriers to career development for women, and decreased feelings of safety in law enforcement employees. Subtle sexism is often disguised as friendliness or chivalry, and therefore is difficult to detect, so it is often ignored or trivialized. The harms are cumulative and compound over time. The purpose of this qualitative, phenomenological study was to gather data about how women experience subtle forms of sexism in the National Park Service (NPS) workplace.
Semistructured telephone interviews assisted with the gathering of data from 12 women employed by the NPS. Feminist theory and critical theory guided the research process. Moustakas’s phenomenological method was used as an approach to data analysis. The findings that emerged included: (a) impacts on workplace culture, (b) harmful effects on individuals, (c) coping with subtle sexism, (d) organizational impacts, and (e) organizational change. The study promotes positive social change by providing a more nuanced understanding of how women experience and perceive subtle sexism. The results could help organizations to find more effective ways of dealing with this type of sexist behavior and decrease the negative outcomes.
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Reigner, Nathan P. "Exploring Visitors: Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Understand Visitor Behavior and Improve the Efficacy of Visitor Information in Haleakalā National Park." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36048.
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Resource and visitor experience degradation in Haleakalā National Park resulting from recreational use of the Pools of 'Ohe'o has led park officials to discourage visitor use of the pools. This study uses the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to examine relationships among visitors' attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control with regard to exploring the pools, their intentions to explore, and their actual behaviors while visiting the pools. Further, this study examines the influence of persuasive messages on visitors' behavior at the pools. Persuasive message treatments emphasize either the dangers of exploring the Pools of 'Ohe'o or resource protection and visitor experience impacts of recreational use at the pools. Through regression analysis of attitudes, norms, and perceived behavioral control with intention to explore, TPB is generally found to be an effective model for understanding visitor behavior at 'Ohe'o's Pools, particularly when visitors are exposed to persuasive messages. Results of analysis of variance indicate that the TPB model components of attitudes and subjective norms with regard to traveling companions and National Park Service officials are influenced by exposure to the persuasive treatment messages. Additionally, both intention to explore the pools and observed exploration behavior are significantly lower among those visitors receiving any persuasive treatment message. Thus, results of this research generally support the individual relationships assumed within TPB. With identification of the most influential components of visitor behavior, as understood through the TPB model developed in this study, managers of Haleakalā National Park will be able to develop and apply persuasive interpretive messages that maximize safe and sensitive visitor recreational behavior at the Pools of 'Ohe'o.Master of Science
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Gullion, John Gregory. "Explaining Juvenile Delinquency: A Test of Robert Agnew's General Strain Theory, Utilizing the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health Data." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5500/.
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Strain theory has a long academic lineage for explaining criminal and deviant behavior from the classical writings of Emile Durkheim to the contemporary writings of Robert Agnew. The purpose of this research is to conduct an empirical test of Agnew's general strain theory utilizing Wave 1 data from the 1994-1996 National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health data (Add Health) (N = 6,503). Utilizing the Add Health data set represents a new attempt at empirically evaluating Agnew's theory. Scales were constructed by the author operationalizing the propositions of general strain theory utilizing variables from this data set. Regression was used to find out if juvenile delinquency is associated with Agnew's general strain theory. Research findings show that taken together, the propositions of general strain theory, cumulative measures of failure to achieve goals, loss of valued objects and introduction of stressful events are all statistically significant predictors of juvenile delinquency. Regression and scale correlations indicated a low positive relationship between juvenile delinquency and Agnew's general strain theory propositions. This study represents an attempt in utilizing a data set which has not been used before to empirically test general strain theory.
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Uryan, Yildirim. "ORGANIZATIONAL SAFETY CULTURE AND IDIVIDUAL SAFETY BEHAVIOR: A CASE STUDY OF THE TURKISH NATIONAL POLICE AVIATION DEPARTMENT." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4136.
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Human related accidents in high-risk industries amount to a significant economic hazard and incur tremendous damages, causing excessive operational costs and loss of life. The aviation industry now observes human-related accidents more frequently than in the past, an upswing attributable to cutting-edge technology usage and the complex systems employed by aviation organizations. Historically, aviation accidents have been attributed to individual unsafe behavior. However, contemporary accident causation models suggest that organizational-level factors influence individual safety performance, as human-related accidents take place in an organizational context. The present study examines the formation of organizational safety culture and influence on individuals safety behavior in a police aviation environment. The theory of planned behavior guides the study model in explaining individual variability in safety behavior via organizational safety culture. The study conceptualized organizational safety culture and individual safety behavior as multidimensional constructs. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted for each latent construct to validate the construct validity for each measurement model. Organizational safety culture was observed via safety climate facets, which contained four subcomponents including individual attitude, group norms, management attitude, and workplace pressures. Individual safety behavior contained violation and error components observed by self-reported statements. Structural equation modeling was conducted to test the study hypotheses. Utilizing a sample of 210 employees from the Turkish National Police Aviation Department, a 53-item survey was conducted to measure individuals safety culture perceptions and self-reported safety behaviors. The results suggest that individual safety behavior is significantly influenced by organizational safety culture. Except for the relation between workplace pressures and intention, all suggested relations and correlations were statistically significant. The four-factor measurement model of organizational safety climate fit reasonably well to the data, and most correlations between the safety climate components were significant at the .05 level. Individuals self-reported error behavior is positively associated with age, and individuals self-reported violation behavior is positively associated with years of service. Overall, along with organizational safety culture, age and service-year variables accounted for 65% of the variance in intention, 55% of the variance in violation behavior, and 68% of the variance in error behavior. Lastly, no significant difference manifested among pilots, maintenance personnel, and office staff according to their self-related safety behaviors. The findings have theoretical, policy, and managerial implications. First, the theory of planned behavior was tested, and its usefulness in explaining individuals safety behavior was demonstrated. The survey instrument of the study, and multi-dimensional measurement models for organizational safety climate and individual safety behavior were theoretical contributions of the study. Second, the emergence of informal organizational structures and their effects on individuals indicated several policy implications. The study also revealed the importance of informal structures in organizations performing in high-risk environments, especially in designing safety systems, safety policies, and regulations. Policy modification was suggested to overcome anticipated obstacles and the perceived difficulty of working with safety procedures. The influences of age on error behavior and years of service on violation behavior point to the need for several policy modifications regarding task assignment, personnel recruitment, health reports, and violation assessment policies. As well, managerial implications were suggested, including changing individuals perceptions of management and group attitudes toward safety. The negative influence of anticipated obstacles and the perceived difficulties of safety procedures on individual safety behavior pointed out management s role in reducing risks and accidents by designing intervention programs to improve safety performance, and formulating proactive solutions for problems typically leading to accidents and injuries.Ph.D.
Department of Public Administration
Health and Public Affairs
Public Affairs PhD
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Olsson, Linnea. "Human-elephant conflicts : A qualitative case study of farmers’ attitudes toward elephants in Babati, Tanzania." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-24091.
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It is widely recognized that human-wildlife conflicts can reduce farmers’ support for long-term species conservation. The subject of human-elephant conflicts is highly relevant in villages around Babati District in North Central Tanzania because of the closeness to Tarangire National Park. The purpose of this study is therefore to examine local farmers’ attitudes toward elephants and the attitudes’ effects on conservation efforts. Primary data was collected through a qualitative approach of semi-structured interviews with twelve farmers in four villages around Babati, with Wildlife Officer Nashon Macokesha at Babati District Council and with Allan Carlson, Nature Conservation Expert at WWF. A thematic analysis was done to make comparisons between the answers from farmers, Macokesha and Carlson. The Theory of Planned Behavior and the Value-Belief-Norm theory were also used to analyze the underlying factors of the farmers’ attitudes. The results of this study show that around half of the farmers have positive attitudes toward elephants, while the other half think negatively of them. Elephants were identified as the most problematic species and crop-raiding as the most problematic type of human-elephant conflict. The problems that farmers experience do to crop-raiding and other types of human-elephant conflicts include the direct effects of lost livelihood and income and indirect effects like health impacts and security issues. The result also indicates that factors affecting farmers’ attitudes toward elephants include: 1) the proportion of available land affected by elephants, 2) the closeness of farmers’ fields to Tarangire National Park, 3) the lack of compensation, 4) the ability to affect the decision-making concerning the human-elephant conflicts and 5) the information about and knowledge of elephants and their importance. The underlying cause of the human-elephant conflicts is identified to be the spatial overlap of the two species. To prevent human-elephant encounters in the first place, thereby reducing the risk of human-elephants conflicts, better land use planning can be used to avoid settlement and cultivation close to protected areas. Buffer zones can be established around national parks and reserves to reduce the overlap between humans and wildlife. Mitigation through preventive and deterrent methods like lighting fires, making noises, using chili-dung or chili-grease to scare elephants off farmers’ fields can also be used. Another alternative is to switch from growing high-risk crops that elephants prefer to crops like chili or sesame which rarely gets eaten by elephants.Att konflikter mellan människor och djurliv kan minska bönders stöd för artbevarande åtgärder är välkänt bland forskare. Konflikter mellan människor och elefanter är vitt förekommande i byar i Babati-distriktet i norra Tanzania på grund av närheten till nationalparken Tarangire. Syftet med denna studie är därför att undersöka bönders attityder till elefanter och attitydernas effekter för bevarandeåtgärder. Primärdata samlades in genom ett kvalitativt upplägg med semistrukturerade intervjuer med tolv bönder i fyra byar i Babati, med Wildlife Officer Nashon Macokesha på Babati District Council samt med Allan Carlson, naturvårdsexpert på WWF. En tematisk analys utfördes för att jämföra svaren mellan bönderna, Macokesha och Carlson och the Theory of Planned Behavior samt the Value-Belief-Norm theory användes för att analysera de underliggande orsakerna bakom böndernas attityder. Resultatet från denna studie visar att ungefär hälften av bönderna har positiva attityder till elefanter, medan den andra hälften har negativa åsikter om dem. Elefanter identifierades som den mest problematiska arten för bönderna och förstörandet av grödor som den mest problematiska typen av konflikt mellan människor och elefanter. Problemen som bönderna upplever till följd av dessa konflikter inkluderar direkta effekter som förlorad inkomst och försämrade försörjningsmöjligheter, men också indirekta effekter som hälso- och säkerhetsproblem. Faktorer som enligt resultaten i denna studie kan påverka böndernas attityder till elefanter innefattar: 1) andelen tillgänglig mark som påverkas av elefanter, 2) närheten från böndernas mark till nationalparken Tarangire, 3) bristen på kompensation, 4) möjligheten att påverka beslutsprocessen gällande konflikten mellan människor och elefanter samt 5) information och kunskap om elefanter och deras betydelse. Den underliggande orsaken till konflikterna mellan människor och elefanter identifieras vara överlappet i användningsområden mellan de båda arterna. För att förhindra möten mellan människor och elefanter, och därmed minska risken för konflikter, behövs bättre markanvändningsplanering så att bosättning och jordbruk undviks i närheten av skyddade områden. Buffertzoner kan också anläggas runt nationalparker och reservat för att minska överlappet mellan människor och djur. Avskräckande åtgärder, som att tända eldar, göra oväsen, tända chilibriketter eller sätta upp chili-rep, för att hålla elefanter borta från böndernas åkrar kan också användas. Ett annat alternativ är att bönderna byter från att odla högriskgrödor som elefanter föredrar till att odla grödor som chili eller sesam, vilka sällan eller aldrig äts av elefanter.
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Beymer, Mark A. "Self-Concept Competency of National Aeronautics and Space Administration Research and Development Managers." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1380.
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Boyatzis has stated that "true" management competencies are characteristics of a manager which differentiate superior from average and below average performance. Boyatzis, however, treats a manager's self-image (self-concept) as a "threshold" rather than a "real" competency. Lafferty's research, which has measured relationships between several lifestyle (self-concept) variables and corresponding organizational behavior, has found that performance differences between average and high performing managers are associated with differences in self-concept construction. The researcher proposes to treat variations in self-concept measurements from managers as indications of their relative management competency. Thisresearch investigates seventeen hypotheses relating to the self-concepts of high performing, mid-level technical managers employed in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
The Level 1: Life Style Inventory, developed by Lafferty, was administered to high performing, mid-level managers (118 aerospace technical and 43 non-technical) from nine major Research and Space Flight Centers, and the agency Headquarters, attending a Management Education Program. Measurement of 16 self-conceptand 4 biographical variables were compared and contrasted with self-concept measurements accomplished by Lafferty on samples of engineers, supervisors and mid-level managers.
Three major conclusions are reached. (1) NASA technical managers exhibit an unusual degree of satisfaction when compared with other supervisors and mid-level managers and a self-actualizing management style. (2) The self-concept characteristics of high perfectionism and dependence in NASA technical managers should be studied further, based on Cooke and Rousseau's findings that high measurements in these variables are associated with a greater number of symptoms of strain and Lafferty's findings concerning associations between high measurements of these variables and disfunctional managerial behavior. (3) Evidence is provided by researchers, like Garfield, that while management experience may be significantly associated withself-concept increases in achievement and helpfulness orientations, and self-concept assumptions of these managers may preclude them from significant increases in their self-actualization.
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Wright, Mary Elizabeth Conville. "Barriers to and Motivations for Curriculum-Based Education Program Participation at Great Smoky Mountains National Park." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31503.
Full textAbstract:
Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM) provides quality education programs to local schools. In order to continue this success and expand programs to reach more middle and high school students, a mixed methods study was conducted to help better understand why local middle and high school teachers participate or not in park educational programs. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior, teacher surveys measured factors that influence teacher
intentions to participate in park programs to best predict their likelihood of future involvement. In addition, school administrators were interviewed to understand their perceptions of teacher involvement. Results provided insight to how GRSM can better provide valuable services to local middle and high schools. The best predictors of teachers' intentions to participate in future programs were their perceptions of whether programs would enhance academic achievement, how easily and comfortably they could incorporate the programs into their pre-existing curricula, and whether the experience would be a fun experience in nature for both their students and themselves. Future communications with teachers should therefore emphasize that Park programs are fun, relevant learning experiences that address academic requirements for various subjects and are relatively easy to incorporate into pre-existing curricula.Master of Science
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Lamont, Sarah. "Deconstructing the Dichotomy: Muslim American University Students' Perceptions of Islam and Democracy." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1336083346.
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Wilson, Justin W. "The relationship between the associated symptoms of first nation peoples' historical losses and organizational commitment in the Canadian workplace." ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1122.
Full textAbstract:
Researchers have found that minorities suffering from traumatic stress report increased levels of stress in the absence of supportive and committed work environments; however, a paucity of empirical research exists for First Nations Peoples (FNP). The purpose of this quantitative correlation study was to examine the nature of the relationship between FNP's associated symptoms of historical loss, assessed by the Historical Loss and Associated Symptoms Scale, and organizational commitment, as measured by the Three Component Employee Commitment Survey. A total of 118 residential school survivors completed surveys. Correlation analysis was used to determine the significance of historical loss in relation to organizational commitment among survivors. Results showed an inverse relationship between affective commitment and associated symptoms of historical loss and between continuance commitment and associated symptoms. No statistically significant correlation was found between normative commitment and historical loss or associated symptoms. Findings can help inform targeted engagement, recruitment, and retention initiatives designed to accommodate FNP perspectives and experiences into organizational culture and systems. Implications for positive social change include better understanding of factors impacting career progression among FNP, such as organizational commitment. Results may also inform culturally safe interventions that help FNP to be successful.
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Juskiw, Peter. "Assessing the Implementation of Internal Branding Training in the Hotel Industry." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3689.
Full textAbstract:
Internal branding (IB) evolved from marketing to engage employees in a company's strategic planning. IB has been studied extensively in the hospitality industry, but not with human resource (HR) departments. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to assess the effectiveness of corporate training designs in instilling IB corporate values in global employees of a multinational hotel chain to determine whether European core values could be transferred across different cultural backgrounds. Structured interviews on IB were conducted with 22 HR practitioners of a luxury hotel chain to capture essential information through the lived experiences of the participants, all of whom were involved in how the design of such training programs can instill corporate core values in employees across national cultures. Transcribed interview responses were analyzed using the simplified Stevick-Colaizzi-Keen method to generate textual and structured descriptions to capture IB from their perspectives. The analysis revealed (a) that the HR employees were sensitive to certain core values that did not readily translate to overall brand and employee loyalty, as well as good company-employee working relationships, and (b) the importance of designing effective yet standardized training materials that addressed cultural differences or could be adapted as needed. These findings can help to promote more effective global brand recognition and provide HR specialists with knowledge to educate trainers about better techniques to deliver training across different cultures and engage employees on core values. Employees will be happier performing their roles, have increased job satisfaction, and demonstrate improved levels of productivity.
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Sprada, Mira Beatriz. "Environmental communication, pro-environmental behavior, and ENGOs: Understanding motivation and strategy across nations." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1620042592120961.
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Plakhotnik, Maria S. "How Employees with Different National Identities Experience a Geocentric Organizational Culture of a Global Corporation: A Phenomenological Study." FIU Digital Commons, 2010. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/319.
Full textAbstract:
A global corporation values both profitability and social acceptance; its units mutually negotiate governance and represent a highly interdependent network where centers of excellence and high-potential employees are identified regardless of geographic locations. These companies try to build geocentric, or “world oriented” (Marquardt, 1999, p. 20), organizational cultures. Such culture “transcends cultural differences and establishes ‘beacons’ – values and attitudes – that are comprehensive and compelling” (Kets de Vries & Florent-Treacy, 2002, p. 299) for all employees, regardless of their national origins. Creating a geocentric organizational culture involves transforming each employee’s mindset, beliefs, and behaviors so that he/she can become “a world citizen in spite of having a national identity” (Marquardt, 1999, p. 47). The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore how employees with different national identities experience a geocentric organizational culture of a global corporation. Phenomenological research aims to understand “how people experience some phenomenon—how they perceive it, describe it, feel about it, judge it, remember it, make sense of it, and talk about it with others” (Patton, 2002, p. 104). Twelve participants were selected using criteria, convenience, and snow-ball sampling strategies. A semi-structured interview guide was used to collect data. Data were analyzed inductively, using Moustakas’s (1994) Modification of the Stevick-Colaizzi-Keen Method of Analysis of Phenomenological Data. The participants in this study experienced a geocentric organizational culture of a global corporation as on in which they felt connected, valued, and growing personally and professionally. The participants felt connected to the companies via business goals and social responsibility. The participants felt valued by the company because their creativity was welcomed and they could contribute to the corporation certain unique knowledge of the culture and language of their native countries. The participants felt growing personally and professionally due to the professional development opportunities, cross-cultural awareness, and perspective consciousness. Based on the findings from this study, a model of a geocentric organizational culture of a global corporation: An employee perspective is proposed. Implications for research and practice conclude this study.
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Creech, Greta E. "Holding on to Who They Are: Pathways for Variations in Response to Toxic Workplace Behavior Among U.S. Intelligence Officers." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1622928796706695.
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Jones, Joseph Timothy. "The Association between Medical Marijuana Laws and Maternal Marijuana Use." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3530.
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Marijuana is the most common illicit drug that is abused by pregnant women, and recently many states have adopted various levels of relaxed marijuana policies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a potential association between residing in a state that allows medical marijuana use and maternal marijuana usage. Grounded in the theory of planned behavior, this study evaluated the prevalence and extent of maternal marijuana use in states that allow and states that do not allow medical marijuana use using the National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). It was anticipated that more lenient subjective norms toward marijuana use and increased availability would support an increase of maternal marijuana use. The 2014 NSDUH was queried and analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression. The study revealed an increase of maternal marijuana use in states where medical marijuana was allowed, but the increase was not statistically significant. An increase of heavy users was observed in states where medical marijuana was allowed (54% versus 37%). Consistent with other research findings, this study revealed that young (OR = 3.56; 95% CI: 1.379, 9.213; p = 0.009) and unmarried (OR = 6.81; 95% CI: 2.485, 18.661; p < 0.001) pregnant woman were at higher risk for past month maternal marijuana use and had similar results for past year use. The unintended consequences of increased in utero marijuana exposure and its subsequent negative public health effects have been missing from the discussion of the relaxation of statewide marijuana policies. This study will provide policy makers responsible for changing marijuana policy with useful evidence on the unintended consequences of increased maternal marijuana use in areas where medical marijuana is allowed.
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Gibson, Elizabeth Carole. "A Measurement System for Science and Engineering Research Center Performance Evaluation." PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3285.
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This research provides performance metrics for cooperative research centers that enhance translational research formed by the partnership of government, industry and academia. Centers are part of complex ecosystems that vary greatly in the type of science conducted, organizational structures and expected outcomes. The ability to realize their objectives depends on transparent measurement systems to assist in decision making in research translation.
A generalizable, hierarchical decision model that uses both quantitative and qualitative metrics is developed based upon program goals. Mission-oriented metrics are used to compare the effectiveness of the cooperative research centers through case studies.
The US National Science Foundation (NSF) industry university cooperative research center (IUCRC) program is the domain of organizational effectiveness because of its longevity, clear organizational structure, repeated use and availability of data. Not unlike a franchise business model, the program has been replicated numerous times gaining recognition as one of the most successful federally funded collaborative research center (CRC) programs. Understanding IUCRCs is important because they are a key US policy lever for enhancing translational research. While the program model is somewhat unique, the research project begins to close the gap for comparing CRCs by introducing a generalizable model and method into the literature stream.
Through a literature review, program objectives, goals, and outputs are linked together to construct a four-level hierarchical decision model (HDM). A structured model development process shows how experts validate the content and construct of the model using these linked concepts.
A subjective data collection approach is discussed showing how collection, analysis and quantification of expert pair-wise-comparison data is used to establish weights for each of the decision criteria. Several methods are discussed showing how inconsistency and disagreement are measured and analyzed until acceptable levels are reached.
Six case studies are used to compare results, evaluate the impact of expert disagreement and conduct criterion-related validity. Comparative analysis demonstrates the ability of the model to efficiently ascertain criteria that are relatively more important towards each center's performance score. Applying this information, specific performance improvement recommendations for each center are presented.
Upon review, experts generally agreed with the results. Criterion-related validity discusses how the performance measurement scoring system can be used for comparative analysis among science and engineering focused research centers. Dendrograms highlight where experts disagree and provide a method for further disagreement analysis. Judgment quantification values for different expert clusters are substituted into the model one-at-a-time (OAT) providing a method to analyze how changes in decisions based on these disagreements impact the results of the model's output. This research project contributes to the field by introducing a generalizable model and measurement system that compares performance of NSF supported science and engineering focused research centers.
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Edmundson, Joshua R. "THE ONE EXHIBITION THE ROOTS OF THE LGBT EQUALITY MOVEMENT ONE MAGAZINE & THE FIRST GAY SUPREME COURT CASE IN U.S. HISTORY 1943-1958." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/399.
Full textAbstract:
The ONE Exhibition explores an era in American history marked by intense government sponsored anti-gay persecution and the genesis of the LGBT equality movement. The study begins during World War II, continues through the McCarthy era and the founding of the nation’s first gay magazine, and ends in 1958 with the first gay Supreme Court case in U.S. history.
Central to the story is ONE The Homosexual Magazine, and its founders, as they embarked on a quest for LGBT equality by establishing the first ongoing nationwide forum for gay people in the U.S., and challenged the government’s right to engage in and encourage hateful and discriminatory practices against the LGBT community. Then, when the magazine was banned by the Post Office, the editors and staff took the federal government to court. As such, ONE, Incorporated v. Olesen became the first Supreme Court case in U.S. history that featured the taboo subject of homosexuality, and secured the 1st Amendment right to freedom of speech for the gay press. Thus, ONE magazine and its founders were an integral part of a small group of activists who established the foundations of the modern LGBT equality movement.
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Chen, Te-Hui, and 陳德惠. "An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to Visitor’s Involvement, Traveling Willingness and Behavioral Intention ─ A Case of Kinmen National Park Battle Museum." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9yx594.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立金門大學
觀光管理學系
102
This study was based on the theory of planned behavior, and tourists that visited Guningtou Battle Museum in Kinmen National Park, August 23rd Artillery Battle Museum and Hujingtou Battle Museum as research targets, employed a questionnaire survey method to acquire data. 600 questionnaires were sent out, and 554 valid questionnaires were returned. The content of the questionnaire included social and economic background, involvement of Battle Museum, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, traveling willingness and behavioral intention. The data were analyzed and verified through the SPSS for Windows 12.0 and AMOS for Windows 18.0 with descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, item discrimination, t-test, one-way ANOVA, exploratory factor and confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation model and Pearson correlation analysis, discussing the tourists’ involvement in Battle Museum, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, traveling willingness and behavioral intentions, to understand the key factors that influenced the tourists’ behavioral intentions. The result showed the factors below: 1. Among the interviewed tourists, that age between 18~39 were mostly unmarried with university education degree. This showed that the visitors in the Battle Museum tend to be younger and unmarried. For the occupation, most of them were military, civil and teaching staff and students. 2. The involvement (attraction) and traveling willingness of tourists in the Battle Museum had significant differences due to whether if the tourist had been serving in the military and different residence. In the involvement (centrality)、the involvement (self-expression) and behavioral intention, whether the tourist had been serving in the military, different age and residence had significant difference. As for attitude, tourists from different residence had significant difference. In subjective norms and perceived behavioral control, different education level and residence had significant difference. 3. The extraneous variables of attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control indeed had influence on the behavioral intention by the mediator of traveling willingness. All the paths were positive influence, and the involvement of Battle Museum had moderated effects to the traveling willingness and behavioral intentions.
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Lai, Chi-Jiun, and 賴祈君. "Participating Intention in National Pension-Using the Theory of Planned Behavior." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25585440107588812984.
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碩士逢甲大學
風險管理與保險研究所
100
National pension program (NPP) was set up in Taiwan in 2008. The program provides social insurance for citizens who are not covered by labor insurance, government employees’ insurance, or and farmers'' insurance. However, it was found that the participation rate of the national pension program for the first half of 2010 is only about 53%. The low participation rate would raise a serious financial problem to the plan regulator. Hence, recent calls from both researchers and regulators have been made for more attention to problems of low participation intention in the pension program. Based on Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior and Hetherington’s idea about political trust, this study investigated the how attitudes and trust in government would influence people’s participation intention in the national pension program. The results showed strong support for Ajzen’s theory and Hetherington’s political trust. A significant direct relationship between trust in government and participation intention was found.
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Xiaomei, Huang. "Apply Hofstede’s national cultural dimension theory to analyze chinese tourist behaviors in Portugal tourism." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/12698.
Full textAbstract:
With the globalization, the development of outbound travel experience rapidly
grew in recent decades. International tourism has become the largest industry in the
world. It is the new engine for economic development in many countries.
Cross-cultural tourism has brought great benefit to the destination countries. On the
other side, it also brings some negative effects between the tourists and the natives.
Culture is one of the important factors on promoting the cross-cultural tourism but
also becomes one of the barriers in its development. For Chinese tourists, Portugal is
an emerging travel destination. Portugal tourism has natural advantages but also
market disadvantages. It is very important for Portugal, which has limited resources,
to use reasonable strategies on satisfying Chinese tourists’ demands and spreading
local cultures. In this study, I use Hofstede’s national cultural dimension theory and
some empirical studies to analyze the cultural differences between Portugal and China,
and try to find out how cultures influence tourists behaviors. Finally, I try to provide
some suggestions to help Portugal develop a sustainable tourism in order to attract
more Chinese tourists and increase their satisfaction. In addition, it could be a model
for the travel destinations to explore new tourist markets with different cultures.Com a globalização, a viagem transnacional também se desenvolve rapidamente. Além de ser a maior indústria do mundo, a indústria da viagem internacional também é um novo motor para o desenvolvimento económico de muitos países. Enquanto que a viagem transnacional traz vários lucros para os países de destino, as diferentes culturas entre os visitantes e os países de destino também causa muitos efeitos negativos. A cultura é um fator principal que promove a viagem transnacional, mas também é um obstáculo que impede o seu desenvolvimento. Para os visitantes chineses, Portugal é um novo destino de viagem, que tem as suas vantagens e desvantagens no desenvolvimento da indústria turística. Como aproveitar de forma razoável os recursos locais para atender os visitantes chineses, proteger e divulgar a cultura local é muito importante para Portugal, que é um país com recursos limitados. O texto combina a teoria transcultural de Hofstede e as práticas de outros estudiosos para analisar a diferença cultural entre Portugal e a China, a fim de estudar os efeitos de um contexto cultural diferente no comportamento de turistas. Com base nisso, propõem-se sugestões que possam atender as necessidades de turistas chineses, aumentar a sua satisfação da viagem a Portugal e ao mesmo tempo, divulgar o desenvolvimento sustentável da indústria turística de Portugal. Além disso, este estudo também serve como um modelo de referência para os mercados emergentes com culturas diferentes dos outros destinos de viagem.
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Tsai, Hsiu-Chin, and 蔡秀金. "The Study of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in the Case of National Penghu University Students’ Healthy Diet Behavior Intention." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rau462.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立澎湖科技大學
觀光休閒事業管理研究所
100
The purposes of this study attempt to explore university students’ healthy diet behavior intention and realize their dietary knowledge in Penghu. In addition, this study discussed each dimension of the healthy diet behavior intention under different attributes. Finally, this study established university students’ healthy diet behavior intention model. This study involved the purposive sampling method and comprised of 380 sets of questionnaires including 353 valid sets of questionnaires, or 92.9% of the valid sets of questionnaires were retrieved. The quantitative analysis was conducted through descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression. The results of this study indicated that the dietary attitude for genders, different grades, exercise habits, and self figures showed the significant difference. There was a significant difference for grades in the aspect of subjective norm. There were significant differences among genders, grades, fields, meal budget, exercise habits, and health problems in the aspect of perceived behavior control. There was a significant difference for grades in the aspect of the dietary environment factor. There were significant differences among grades, meal prices and health problems in the aspect of the behavior of intention of the healthy diet. The predictive variables, like dietary environment factor, dietary and nutritional attitude, perceived behavior control and subjective norm, could be used to explain the behavior of intention of the healthy diet (25.7%). Among these variables, the perceived behavior had a great influence on the behavior of intention of the healthy diet of college students.
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Hoole, Adam. "Alien Nation." 2018. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2/650.
Full textAbstract:
Can we (re)write our own subjectivity? What is lost in translation when we attempt to remake ourselves through speech acts? These questions are perhaps the most unsolvable and fundamental to inquiries into the operations of subjectivity. Nevertheless, they are questions I am to encounter and explore in this paper through a singular case study of the Manus Island Regional Processing Center. Founded in 2001, the Manus Island Processing Center served as a place for Australia to indefinitely detain refugees off-shore. The Processing Center was also a contentious site of violence and protest, of stillness and chaos, of love and despair. The Manus refugees were engaged in a daily effort to translate and tell their experiences to bring about an end to their detention. Using an extensive archive of primary sources from the island, including government documents, video, pictures, diaries, and notes, I aim to examine how the Manus refugees attempt to translate their subject position to an Australian audience. I explore how these speech acts are co-opted or interpellated by the dominate discourses they enter into dialogue with, and the translational problematics that arise when trying to tell one’s own subjectivity differently.
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Chang, Shu-Fang, and 張淑芳. "A Study of Applying Theory of Planned Behavior to Award-winning Behavior of Contestants in National Home Economics-Related Skills Competition." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21536019457312106149.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立彰化師範大學
工業教育與技術學系
101
The Skills Competition is a national annual key event for professional skill exchange. Its importance has already been recognized. Therefore, how to make contestants actively participate in trainings, learn knowledge and skills from trainings, and improve their Skills Competition results have become quite important as well. To understand contestants’ behavior intentions and their relationships with winning behaviors would be very useful for more effective future trainings for Skills Competition contestants. This study aimed to apply the theory of planned behavior to explore the relationships between the behavior intentions of contestants and their award-winning behaviors in the Home Economics-Related Skills Competition. For this research purpose, this study adopted the questionnaire survey method, with the contestants of the 2011 National High School Home Economics-Related Skills Competition as the research subjects. A total of 380 questionnaires were distributed to the ones selected using purposive sampling. The effective sample size was 313, and the effective response rate of the questionnaire was 82.37%. Then SEM was applied to explore the relationships of the constructs, in order to test the research hypotheses. The specific research results of this study are summarized below: 1.The planned behavior model was built to fit the award-winning behaviors of the contestants in the Home Economics-Related Skills Competition. 2.The influence of “Behavior Belief and Outcome Evaluation” of the contestants in the Home Economics-Related Skills Competition on their “Attitude” was positive and significant. 3.The influence of “Normative Belief and Motivation to Comply” of the contestants in the Home Economics-Related Skills Competition on their “Subjective Norm” was positive and significant. 4.The influence of “Control Belief and Control Power” of the contestants in the Home Economics-Related Skills Competition on their “Perceived Behavioral Control” was positive and significant. 5.The influences of “Attitude”, “Subjective Norm”, and “Perceived Behavioral Control” of the contestants in the Home Economics-Related Skills Competition on their “Behavior Intention” were all positive and significant. Among them, the influence of “Perceived Behavioral Control” on “Behavior Intention” was the largest, followed by that of “Attitude”. 6.The influence of “Behavior Intention” of the contestants in the Home Economics-Related Skills Competition on their “Award-Winning Behavior” was positive and significant. 7.The influence of “Perceived Behavioral Control” of the contestants in the Home Economics-Related Skills Competition on their “Award-Winning Behavior” was not significant, unless with the mediating effect of “Behavior Intention”. Key words: theory of planned behavior, home economics, skills competition, award-winning behavior
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Kang, Shu-Hwa, and 康書華. "The University Students'' Intention to Visit the National Park : An Application of the Theory of Reasoned Action and the Theory of Planned Behavior." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63391441919216340313.
Full textAbstract:
碩士文化大學
觀光事業研究所
85
The purpose of this study was to predict and explain university students'' intention to visit the national park based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and to compare the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) in terms of their predictive validity. Both are general theories of human behaveior that deal with the relationships among beliefs, attitudes, intentions and behaveiors. For the TRA model, "attitude to behavoior" and "subjective norm" are considered to influence intention to act and the subsequent behavior while "perceived behavioral control" is added in the TPB model. This study examines the relative influence of "attiude to behaveior", subjective norm, and "perceived behavioral control" on the intention to Ken-Ding National Park. Given the proceeding theoretical framework, survey data were collected from a quota sample of 238 university students in order to measure variables relavant to the above models. Results indicated that students with different background have differences on attitude, sbujevtive norms, perceived behavioral control and intention toward visiting. The variable of perceived behaveioral control has graet predictive power on students'' probabilities and chance (%) of visiting the Ken-Ding National Park, while the variable of attitude has great influence at predictive validity on the willingness to visit the Ken-Ding National Park. The results also showed that the TPB was better than TRA on predictign the behavior intention of visiting the Ken-Ding National Park. The implication of these findings for the shaping of university students'' future visiting national park behavior are discussed in this study.
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Garbadi, Gani, and Gani Garbadi. "Cross-National Analysis on Anticompetitive Behavior of Firm due to Intellectual Property Violation:A Test of Institutional Anomie Theory." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60380063881171009593.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
工業管理系
100
Central to this research is to investigate the extent of a firm in engaging anticompetitive behavior due to violations of their intellectual property. Institutional anomie theory is used to provide the theoretical framework on understanding the dynamics of the deviant behavior for firms in several nations. Multilevel approach with the use of hierarchical linear modeling is used in this research to advance and refine the fundamental premises of the institutional anomie theory. Within this context, this research puts forward the firm level main effect of the theory on anticompetitive behavior for firms as well as the moderation effects of the theory towards the extent for firms in engaging anticompetitive behavior due to violations of intellectual property. Results show that anticompetitive behavior inclination arises when firms are experiencing violations to their intellectual property rights. Some national cultures and social institutions moderation predictors of the institutional anomie theory supported this point of view, while others including the main effects provide intriguing insights.
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LIANG, SHI-XUAN, and 梁世宣. "Using Planned Behavior Theory to Explore the Effect of the Willing to Pay on Consuming Behavior a Case Study of Yangmingshan National Park." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/vf8693.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中國文化大學
觀光事業學系
107
Yangmingshan National Park attracts a large number of domestic and foreign tourists to visit, and the budget for facilities and maintenance costs has increased year by year. In order to understand the attitudes of tourists, the subjective norms and the perceptual behavior control, the national parks are charged for the price and payment of fees. After the consumption behavior. This study uses ‘Theory of Planned Behavior’ to explore the influence of tourists on the subjective norms of the Yangmingshan National Park, the behavioral control of attitudes, the attitudes of admission to national parks, purchase intentions and subsequent consumption behaviors. The research method uses a sample of investigations to investigate. The survey focused on tourists visiting the Yangmingshan National Park for recreational activities. Collect data by means of questionnaires. A total of 300 valid questionnaires were collected. The results show that subjective norms have a positive impact on the purchase intention of the national park admission ticket. Most of the demographic variables of tourists show that there is no significant difference in the attitude and subjective norms of admission fees in national parks. The demographic variables show significant differences in the perceptual behavior control of admission fees in national parks. Most of the demographic variables of tourists have significant differences in the purchase intentions of national park admission fees. Most of the demographic variables of tourists are in national parks. There is a significant difference in the consumption behavior after paying the admission fee. Keyword:subjective norms,perceived behavior,attitudes,consumer behavior, purchase intention
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Kuo, Yeng-Ting, and 郭晏婷. "Leisure Interests and Leisure Behaviors of Students In National Taitung Teachers College-Proof of Bourdieu''s Culture Capital Theory." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18812179573882816867.
Full textAbstract:
碩士臺東師範學院
教育研究所
89
Leisure Interests and Leisure Behaviors of Students In National Taitung Teachers College-Proof of Bourdieu''s Culture Capital Theory Yeng-Ting Kuo Abstract In recent years, the issues of leisure are attracting close attention. However, most research studies focus on investigating the general population, teachers, or students at different ages. Few studies focus on college students. In addition, these studies only probe into the impact of individual''s demographic variables on leisure participation. Using path analysis model, this research inquires into the cause-and-effect of these variables on leisure behavior through four additional intermediate variables:leisure interests, leisure network, leisure time, and financial capital to proof of Bourdieu''s culture capital theory. Using a questionnaire, this research retrieved 1,742 valid samples of undergraduate and graduate students of National Tai-tung Teachers College regarding their leisure conditions. An analysis of the data produced the following findings: 1. Students'' favorite leisure interests in order of intensity are: diversion, out-door activities, literature/art, and recreation; and in order of frequency are: diversion, literature/art, out-door activities, and recreation. 2. There are many differences between students'' leisure interests and behaviors. Leisure Time, Leisure Network, and Financial Capital are the major factors that affect student''s engagement in leisure activities. 3. Female and students of College of Liberal Arts and Science are more interested in literature/art activities; male and students of Exercise Science engage more in out-door activities and interests. 4. The family''s social economic status, household location, and student''s class have little effect on leisure behavior. Gender is the key demographic variable that affects leisure behavior, while leisure interest is the key intermediate variable that affects leisure behavior. Key words : leisure interests,leisure time,leisure network,cultural capital financial capital,leisure behavior
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Hsing, I.-Ling, and 邢逸玲. "Application of the theory of planned behavior to leisure choice---Predicting and explaining the leisure intention and behavior of National Dong Hwa University students." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35030950991059813999.
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碩士國立東華大學
觀光暨遊憩管理研究所
91
The theory of planned behavior (Ajzen, 1985) is used to predict three leisure activities’ intention and behavior: jogging, KTV consumption, and cyber café consumption. Questionnaire was designed by altering Ajzen’s research questionnaire in 1992 about adapting TPB on 5 leisure activities. 378 students of National Dong Hwa University were randomly sampled for investigating intentions during March 2002, 319 students were reached and completed the behavioral part half year later. The study indicated that (1) although the students held most favorite attitudes toward KTV consumption, the most supported by important others and most controllable activity for students is jogging. (2) Expectancy-value theory was supported in this study with medium correlation coefficient, which means expectancy-value theory could not explain the formation of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control with belief appropriately. (3) Behavioral differences were shown in different behavioral beliefs, result evaluation, normative beliefs, control beliefs, and control power. This indicated that different beliefs associate with different behavior. (4) Consistent with the theory, attitudes, subject norms, and perceived behavioral control predict leisure intentions (R2=0.36 to 0.58). Intentions and perceived behavioral control predict leisure behavior (R2=0.16 to 0.42). TPB is better than TRA, which means leisure behavior is not a rational controlled behavior, resources and controllability have to be considered. (5) Past behavior contributed independently to prediction of intention and behavior, which means there is stability in leisure behavior.
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Wang, Po-Wei, and 王柏為. "Physician acceptance behavior of the national health insurance PharmaCloud query: An Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ju3s3e.
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碩士嘉南藥理大學
醫務管理系
104
With Internet technology matures, its value is also used in health care a substantial increase in view of this, the Ministry of Health and Welfare Department's Central Health Insurance proposed NHI Cloud medication record query system in the Republic of China in July 102, NHI drug Cloud calendar providing special medical services physicians in clinical management, prescribe, and pharmacists drug counseling for immediate query of patients over the past three months, medication record, so that the physician can more quickly understand drug information of patients and medical decision-making, in order to avoid duplication dangerous drugs, so that more people on medication safety, can also reduce the cost of care. But the past literature noted that the implementation of information technology often suffer physician resistance, resulting in build failure can not realize its benefits. Therefore, this study aimed to 1. Understand the physician to use the status of health insurance Cloud medication record query of; 2 by the UTAUT point of view, to explore "performance expectations", "efforts to expect," "Social Impact" and "promote the conditions" for health insurance Cloud medication record query uses intentions; 3. Discussion physician network platform of third-party security mechanism is institutional trust, acceptance of applications in science and technology, health care for the cloud medication history queries intended use of. In the past in the medical literature related to the field of information in order to accept the use of integrated science and technology-based mode to do and to understand user behavior, it is the ability to get a good explanation. Therefore, this study will be integrated using the technology acceptance model as a theoretical basis for health care physician to explore cloud medication history queries intended use and integration of institutional trust to explore behavioral patterns of health care physician intention to use the cloud medication history, and proposes seven hypothesis. The present study used questionnaires to hospital level is divided into three levels, the physician investigated in this study were distributed out of 150 questionnaires, 142 valid questionnaires recovered, the recovery has to be 94.6%, after then to structure equation model and SPSS statistical software to verify hypotheses. The results of this study indicate performance expectations, and strive to expectations, institutional trust and social impact of the most significant (P <0.001), while the normal situation and the institutional structure to ensure trust significant (P <0.001). Expected results of this study can be used as the central health authorities, hospitals and medical information industry to the health-care drugreference calendar Drive Executive and Management Strategies, and gain the academic success of health insurance Cloud medication history of research and sustainable use of the measure.
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Yang, Tung-Heng, and 楊東衡. "Explaining Visitors’ Willingness to Pay for Interpretative Service in The context of The Theory of Planned Behavior in Kentin National Park." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91670095496927410451.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
觀光與餐旅管理系
99
The purpose of the study is to investigate tourists’ database of their acceptance to have interpretive service on geese and their willingness to pay for it when visiting the ecological protection area of Longluan Lake in Kentin National Park. Received fees will be used on the training of local people to become professional guides, the ecological reservation project of ecological protection area, and the maintenance of both soft and hard ware. Sustainable management and development will be its future goal. Based on the theory of planned behavior and by using tourists who visited the above mentioned place as the study subject, this study examines the relationship between visitors’ attitude, their subjective norm, and their perceived behavioral control when visiting the ecological protection area of geese and their willingness to have interpretive service in the ecological protection area of Longluan Lake in Kentin National Park. A total of 317 effective questionnaires were received. The analysis was conducted by SPSS 12.0 and LISREL 8.80. According to the research purposes and to test and verify the hypothesis, the descriptive statistic, reliability analysis, item analysis, independent-samples T-test, and structural equation modeling will be used to analyze the diversity of the data collected. The expected result finds that the attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control show obvious differences among visitors of diverse social background. It also shows positive correlation of the above mentioned items when it comes to visitors’ behavioral intentions and their willingness to pay. In addition, visitors are willing to pay for ecological reservation project when visiting ecological zones. The results will be presented as suggestions to Kentin National Park Headquaters so as to increase visitors’ willingness to have interpretive service and willingness to pay, as well as to build up a sustainable management and planning of the ecological zone.
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Mangei, Isabella. "College students’ perception of ethical consumption : a cross-national assessment of Portugal and Germany." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/32032.
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O objetivo principal do presente estudo é traçar um quadro das percepções e comportamento dos estudantes universitários em relação ao comportamento ético e compreender as barreiras que limitam tal consumo. Para isso, é realizado um estudo quantitativo, baseado principalmente na escala de Comportamento Ético do Consumidor (ethically minded consumer behavior scale, EMCB) proposta por Sudbury-Riley and Kohlbacher (2016) e na Teoria do Comportamento Planejado (Theory of Planned Behavior, TPB) de Ajzen (1985), modificada por Shaw et al. (2000). O presente estudo fornece uma comparação transnacional entre a Alemanha e Portugal e verifica as questões da pesquisa usando um questionário com uma amostra de 375 participantes. Neste contexto, são analisados os determinantes da intenção de engajamento no consumo ético e avaliada a correlação com o comportamento autorelatado. Os resultados confirmam a aplicabilidade da modificada TPB, neste contexto, especialmente as medidas éticas indicam algumas diferenças internacionais também em relação ao comportamento. Constatou-se que a falta de informação constituiu um obstáculo à intenção de comportamento, no entanto as características demográficas não demonstraram ser significativas. A tese pode ser considerada um dos primeiros estudos a incorporar a escala EMCB, inicialmente a integrar uma dimensão adicional e aplicar o modelo em um cenário diverso. Assim, oferece contribuições teóricas e práticas, úteis visando uma melhor compreensão do comportamento ético do consumidor.The main objective of the present study is to draw a picture of the perceptions and behavior of college students regarding ethical behavior and to understand the barriers constraining such consumption. For this purpose, a quantitative study is conducted, based mainly on the Ethically minded consumer behavior (EMCB) scale proposed by Sudbury-Riley and Kohlbacher (2016) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) of Ajzen (1985), modified by Shaw et al. (2000). The present study provides a cross-national comparison between Germany and Portugal and verifies the research questions using a questionnaire with a sample of 375 participants. In this context, determinants of intention to engage in ethical consumption are analyzed and the correlation with self-reported behavior assessed. The results confirm the applicability of the modified TPB in this context, especially of the ethical measures, and indicate some cross-national differences also concerning behavior. It was found that Lack of information was an obstacle to behavioral intention, while demographic characteristics were not significant. This thesis can be considered one of the first to incorporate the EMCB-scale, to integrate an additional dimension and apply the model into a distinct setting. It thus provides useful theoretical and practical contributions to a better understanding of ethical consumer behavior.
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LIN, CHEN-HUA, and 林楨樺. "Investigation of behaviral intention to compey with Leave No Trace practices using the extended Theory of Planned Behavior – a case for Shoushan National Nature Park." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3ymfx3.
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碩士國立高雄大學
運動健康與休閒學系碩士班
105
The major theme of “Leave No Trace (LNT)” is to promote and inspire responsible outdoor recreation in order to minimize negative environmental impacts on public land. The purpose of this study is to employ an extended version of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to investigate behavioral intentions to comply with recommended LNT practices for visitors to a national park, and to evaluate if the inclusion of park knowledge in addition to core TPB constructs can significantly affect behavioral intention. A questionnaire was designed to measure the extended TPB constructs. Based on in-depth interviews of personnel of Shoushan National Nature Park, four principles of LNT - respecting wild life, leaving what you find, disposing of waste properly, and minimizing use and impact from fires, were designed in the questionnaire. Data were collected at park’s main exits and 400 valid samples were analyzed with SPSS and AMOS software. Major findings suggest that: 1) attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, park knowledge and behavioral intention are significantly different among visitors with different demographic/socio-economic characteristics; 2) subjective norm and perceived behavioral control are significantly different among visitors who participating different outdoor recreation; 3) attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control and park knowledge have significantly positive direct effects on behavioral intention; and 4) park knowledge appears to be an intervening variable between attitude and behavioral intention. Implications and suggestions both for management office of Shoushan National Nature Park and future research were also provided.
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Lin, Kai-Ying, and 林愷茵. "Explaining Tourists’ Intention to Ecotourism in the Context of the Theory of Planned Behavior: The Case Study of the Taijiang National Park Black-Faced Spoonbill Conservation Area." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50169110921640694025.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
觀光與餐旅管理系
100
With the development of socio-economy, the increasing of national income, and the implement of two days off a week, the demand for people to take a leisure trip has been gradually increasing. Presently, the society is very concerned about the issues of global warming and ecological environment pollution. In order to protect natural environment, satisfy people’s varied demands, and decrease the negative influence of environment, the new concept of tourism called ecotourism was born. In 1988, International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) put the Black-Faced Spoonbill on the Red List of Threatened Species. According to the global census, the number of the Black-Faced Spoonbill is less than 3,000, and half of them come to Taiwan to spend the winter. This indicates that Taiwan is the largest habitat of the Black-Faced Spoonbill. The study incorporates ecotourism and altruism with TPB model to investigate tourists’ behavior intention when visiting the Black-Faced Spoonbill Reserve Area of Taijiang National Park. The purpose of this study is to explore whether personal eco-awareness and altruism can affect the intention of those tourists who plan to take a trip to choose ecotourism again aside from the variables of attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavior control. The research used questionnaire for data collection and 300 effective ones were retrieved. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data and the test hypothesis. The results of the research were as follows. Tourists’ behavior beliefs, normative beliefs, and control beliefs have positive influences on their attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control, respectively. Attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control have positive influences on behavior intention. Eco-awareness and Altruism have positive influences on behavior intention. Eco-awareness has positive influences on altruism. Tourists who choose ecotourism have the awareness to protect the environment and there will be greater possibility for them to join the ecotourism next time. The findings can be served as a reference for Taijiang National Park Headquarter, and it is expected that by participating ecotourism, tourists can realize the importance of ecological conservation, and their eco-awareness can be aroused so that we can have a permanently-developed living environment.
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CHANG, YING-CHE, and 張英哲. "Discussions on Cognition and Participation of the Second Phase of Technological and Vocational Education Reform Project for Professional Category Teachers in National Senior Vocational School based on Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7n3uer.
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碩士中華大學
資訊管理學系
105
Technological and Vocational Education provides people with a second educational pathway and takes an important position in Taiwan's education system. Over the years, Technological and Vocational Education has cultivated a large number of high-caliber professional and technical personnel for Taiwan, contributing greatly to the enhancement of Taiwan's competitiveness. With social and economic changes and the inevitable trend of industrial upgrades, however, Technological and Vocational Education has been confronted with various problems and challenges in recent years. In this context, Taiwan's Ministry of Education has successively carried out Phases I and II of the Technological and Vocational Education Reform Project during the years from 2010 to 2017. The project is intended to improve teaching environments for students and teachers, strengthen the link between industry and teaching, cultivate more high-caliber professionals, and enhance the overall competitiveness of technological and vocational education. Underlain by the Decomposed Theory of Planned Behaviors combined with the Innovation Diffusion Theory, the present research is carried out via questionnaire survey. Specifically, the questionnaire survey is oriented toward the professional category of teachers in National Senior Vocational Schools. A total of 375 effective samples were acquired, and the intent was to survey the degree of teachers’ cognition and participation in the context of Phase II of the Technological and Vocational Education Reform Project. As regards data analysis, the present research resorts to such methods as reliability analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The research findings are summarized as follows: (1) Relative Advantages, Compatibility, Complexity, Trialability, and Observability have a positive correlation with teachers’ Attitudes toward cognition and participation; (2) Peers, Administrative Regulations, and Laws have a positive correlation with the Subjective Norms on teachers' cognition and participation; (3) Self-efficiency and Conveniences have a positive correlation with Perceived Behavioral Control in respect of teachers’ cognition and participation; (4) Attitudes, Subjective Norms, and Perceived Behavioral Control have positive correlations with Behavioral Intention in respect of teachers’ cognition and participation. The findings of the present research will be used to review Phase II of the Technological and Vocational Education Reform Project and check, for example, whether the implementation of Phase II has achieved the specified target and expected results. Moreover, the findings of the present research are also of significance to the strategy-making process for Phase III of the Technological and Vocational Education Reform Project. Everyone is expected to contribute his/her efforts to the reform and development of Technological and Vocational Education, so as to hand on the spirit of Technological and Vocational Education and boost Technological and Vocational Education to a new level.