Academic literature on the topic 'National characteristics, Belgian, in literature'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'National characteristics, Belgian, in literature.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "National characteristics, Belgian, in literature"
1
Gerard, Emmanuel. "Les partis politiques." Res Publica 27, no. 4 (1985): 457–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v27i4.19201.
Full textAbstract:
The Belgian scientific literature dealing with political parties has four main characteristics. First it pays great attention to party doctrines and to parliamentary struggle. Indeed, in the nineteenth century political parties do not strike by their organization, which is still undeveloped, nor by their functions, which are still limited, but by the public debate they are stimulating in Parliament and in the press. Only from the end of the century, when the suffrage is extended, the organization of the parties wilt get more articulated and their functions more complicated. Secondly the literature pays great attention to the legitimation of the political parties, which are still controversial particularly because they should threaten the national union. The authors exert oneselves to prove that parliamentary government is by definition a party government. They distinguish parties from factions in order to make the first acceptable. Thirdly the literature deals with the party system.The Belgian authors take the two party system which exists in Great Britain as example and try to prove that the alternation of two parties, the party of conservation and the party of progress, is necessary for the good working of the institutions. Fourthly, the literature, particularly the historica!, is rather descriptive and is characterized by a lack of comparisons, generalizations and hypothesis.Two periods can be distinguished in the literature. In the first period, 1830-1894, the suffrage is limited and the political scene is dominated by two parties (the liberal and the conservative or catholic parties) .This period is marked by the publications of Emile de Laveleye (1822-1892), one of the most prolific writers of the second half of the nineteenth century. In the second period, 1894-1914, the advent of the socialist party disturbs the working of the classical party government. Maurice Vauthier (1860-1931) is the main author of this period. He tries to establish the characteristics of the party government and its chances in the future.
2
Koster, Dietha. "Nederlandstalige werelden in NT2-tekstboeken: banaal of cultureel divers? : Een onderzoeksimpuls." Internationale Neerlandistiek 57, no. 3 (2019): 237–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/in2019.3.003.kost.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Previous research shows that textbooks for learning foreign languages are prone to be written from a national rather than a diverse cultural perspective (Risager, 2018). Few studies have examined this topic for Dutch foreign language (DFL) learning materials. Therefore, the aim of this article is to review (inter)national literature and draw up lessons for the DFL-context. We outline characteristics of national and cultural studies’ perspectives on representations of language and culture in learning materials. Whereas national studies may uncover ‘banal nationalism’, cultural studies can reveal degrees of cultural diversity in textbooks. Future research should examine to what extent banal versus diverse cultural tendencies are represented in DFL-textbooks. We should also investigate how such representations have evolved over time (if at all), whether they differ in books published in the Netherlands, Belgium or elsewhere, and compare how representations in DFL-textbooks relate to the international body of knowledge. Such knowledge will benefit publishers and writers of DFL-materials and the teachers and students who work with them. It will also serve to determine to what degree DFL-materials contribute to educational goals of intercultural dialogue (Council of Europe, 2017; Taalunie, 2018) and inclusive education (UNESCO, 2017), in and outside of Dutch-speaking countries.
3
De Kock, Charlotte, Eva Blomme, and Jérôme Antoine. "Non-national clients in Belgian substance use treatment." Drugs and Alcohol Today 20, no. 2 (2020): 157–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dat-12-2019-0049.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Substance use treatment (SUT) among migrants and ethnic minorities is an underresearched domain in European countries, although preliminary studies point out disparities in treatment use and access compared to general populations. This paper aims to identify the main characteristics of and the types of services solicited by non-nationals in Belgium. Design/methodology/approach This paper compares the types of SUT services used by Belgian and non-national clients. Second, the referral source for Belgian and non-national clients is considered. Third, the study compares the client characteristics of Belgian and non-national clients. This descriptive analysis is based on aggregated data sets in the European treatment demand indicator (TDI) registry including all Belgian treatment episodes between 2012 and 2014. Findings Non-national clients were more often located in outpatient SUT and were less often referred by general practitioners and hospitals, compared to Belgian clients. Third-country clients appear to have lower socioeconomic statuses (education, employment, housing) than Belgian clients. Non-national youngsters and third-country females appear to be underrepresented in Belgian SUT compared to their presence in the general population. The gender gap is larger among third-country clients than among Belgian clients. Research limitations/implications These associations between nationality and solicited services, gender, education, employment, housing and referral document treatment gaps among some non-nationals that require special attention in targeted treatment. In the European context, further research is needed on better monitoring migration background in the European TDI registries. Practical implications The overrepresentation of non-nationals in low-threshold opioid substitution treatment services and their underrepresentation in high-threshold residential services requires an in-depth analysis of the core goals of these respective services. Residential services, for instance, should consider how a dominant focus on speech therapy hampers access to treatment for these populations and how access for these populations could be enhanced by modifying or diversifying methods in treatment. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper that analyses the national indicator in a European TDI data set.
4
Favril, Louis, Ciska Wittouck, Kurt Audenaert, and Freya Vander Laenen. "A 17-Year National Study of Prison Suicides in Belgium." Crisis 40, no. 1 (2019): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000531.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Background: Suicide is a leading cause of mortality in prisoners worldwide, yet empirical data on this matter are lacking in Belgium. Aims: This study sought to describe characteristics associated with a consecutive series of suicides in Belgian prisons from 2000 to 2016 inclusive, in order to inform suicide prevention strategies. Method: All documented cases of suicide ( N = 262) were reviewed using a standardized assessment checklist. Official records were abstracted for prisoners' sociodemographic, criminological, and clinical information, as well as for suicide-related characteristics. Results: Over the 17-year study period, suicides accounted for one third of all deaths in Belgian prisons. The average annual suicide rate in Belgium from 2000 to 2016 was 156.2 per 100,000 prisoners. Examination of all cases highlights both individual (psychiatric disorders and a history of suicide attempt) and situational (the early period of incarceration, interfacility transfers, and placement in solitary confinement) factors common in many prison suicides; some of them amenable to (clinical) management, which presents several potential avenues for suicide prevention. Limitations: Given the absence of a matched control group, no conclusions could be ascertained regarding risk factors. Conclusion: Suicide is a common, preventable cause of death among prisoners in Belgium. The results underscore the timely need for national standards and guidelines for suicide prevention in Belgian prisons.
5
scholliers, peter, and anneke geyzen. "Upgrading the Local: Belgian Cuisine in Global Waves." Gastronomica 10, no. 2 (2010): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2010.10.2.49.
Full textAbstract:
This essay touches upon questions about the use of food as an identity marker, the nature of local food, and the influence of foreign food. Since 1830, Belgium witnessed two international food waves that alternated with two local food waves, both opposing as well as using each other's characteristics. In this process, local food was continuously redefined. Belgium reveals a relationship between local and foreign food both in the sense of incorporation and exclusion. Foreign food always influenced local cooking and eating. The opposition between the ““self”” and the ““other”” is at times strongly upheld: local food is labeled as ““our,”” ““authentic,”” ““national,”” or ““regional”” (the ““self””) to make the difference with ““their,”” ““artificial,”” or ““international”” (the ““other””). This classification of foodways as national/regional is used to forge sentiments of belonging, especially in Belgium where strong separatist political feelings lead to intense regional reactions.
6
De Meester, Tom. "Nationaliteit in Belgisch Congo: Constructie en Verbeelding." Afrika Focus 14, no. 1 (1998): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-01401004.
Full textAbstract:
Nationality in the Belgian Congo: Construction and Imagination This article discusses nationality law in the Belgian Congo and analyses theoretical disputes in the contemporary legal literature concerning issues of nationality and racial segregation in colonial society. The Belgian nationality of the black inhabitants of the Congo region is depicted as mere rhetoric, since it did not protect them from racial segregation and severe discrimination. The minor importance of national boundaries in colonial society and the domination of social reality by a hegemonic racial idiom were reflected in an insufficient and inaccurate nationality law. Colonial law and regulations moreover, were built around racial categories the mutual boundaries of which were not clearly defined.
7
Lavrysen, Laurens. "‘Strasbourg was something new, it was an adventure’." Tijdschrift voor rechtsgeschiedenis 86, no. 3-4 (2018): 482–547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718190-08634p07.
Full textAbstract:
SummaryIn recent years, a burgeoning literature has focused on the history of human rights in general and the history of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) in particular. In order to understand how the ECHR gradually managed to gain authority in diverse national settings, it is necessary to complement transnational historical perspectives with studies of national reception histories. The present article approaches the history of the ECHR in Belgium by focusing on the history of the Belgian cases in Strasbourg, which have played an important role in contributing to the ‘discovery’ of the ECHR in the Belgian legal system. On the basis of interviews with actors involved in the early cases against Belgium, it was possible to determine their position in the Belgian legal landscape as well as their motivations and aspirations in going to Strasbourg. Moreover, these interviews allowed gaining insight into the circumstances out of which litigation against Belgium arose.
8
Grondelaers, Stefan, and Roeland van Hout. "The Standard Language Situation in the Low Countries: Top-Down and Bottom-Up Variations on a Diaglossic Theme." Journal of Germanic Linguistics 23, no. 3 (2011): 199–243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1470542711000110.
Full textAbstract:
This paper reviews the available evidence in support of a diaglossic account (Auer 2005, 2011) of the 20th century history of Belgian and Netherlandic Dutch, whereby the national varieties of Dutch are argued to be developing towards a stratificational configuration without discrete intermediate strata between the base dialects and the standard. However, we show that the processes leading to diaglossia differ significantly in the two varieties. While the recent history of Netherlandic Dutch is characterized by downward norm relaxation (top to bottom), Belgian Dutch is characterized by bottom-up (re)standardization. Building on a refined version of Auer’s diaglossic model, we reflect on the exact nature of linguistic standardization in the Low Countries and outline scenarios for the further development of Belgian and Netherlandic Dutch.
9
Penné, Lesley, and Arvi Sepp. "De verbeelding van moeras en veen." De Moderne Tijd 5, no. 3/4 (2021): 292–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/dmt2021.3/4.004.penn.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The Representation of Marsh and Bog: Figurations of the Marshy Soil as a Topos of Community in Contemporary German-Language Belgian Literature Literature from border regions is often characterised by a specific transcultural poetics that reflects the liminal as discourse and experience. In contemporary German-language prose from East Belgium (‘Ostbelgien’), the topological representation of swamp and moor occupies an important place. We will show how swamp and moor express the complex definition of national and regional identity of the German-language area in Belgium and become relevant topoi in regard to cultural memory. Literature can be seen as a privileged medium of criticism for expressing the pressures of the unspoken and the closed and for initiating intra-community public discussions. Through a cultural-historical analysis of the various figurations of bog and moor, we will examine how the relationship between landscape and community is represented and conceived in contemporary Germanophone Belgian literature.
10
Tchadnova, Irene V. "Operation of National Literature Libraries." Bibliotekovedenie [Library and Information Science (Russia)], no. 4 (August 21, 2013): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2013-0-4-54-63.
Full textAbstract:
There are presented the results of the analysis of condition and use of the collections of literature in the languages of nations of the Russian Federation in public libraries for the years 2006-2010. There are given specific characteristics of the notions: “National Book Publishing” and “National Literature”. There is grounded the need for libraries to consider the specificity of settlement of various ethnic diasporas. The article presents the results of sociological research conducted by libraries for the recent time in order to identify the needs of these diasporas.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "National characteristics, Belgian, in literature"
1
Hedler, Elizabeth. "Stories of Canada : national identity in late-nineteenth-century English-Canadian fiction /." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/HedlerE2003.pdf.
Full text
2
Wirshing, Irene. "National trauma in postdictatorship Latin American literature Chile and Argentina /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2006.
Find full text
3
Baker, Cynthia Denise. "Image and self-image : the literary search for Brazilian national identity /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3008272.
Full text
4
Oscherwitz, Dayna Lynne. "Representing the nation cinema, literature and the struggle for national identity in contemporary France /." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3034944.
Full text
5
Morelli, Peter Daniel Joseph. "John Clare, community and the ideal nation, 1793-1864." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708390.
Full text
6
Allen, Lea Knudsen. "Cosmopolite subjectivities and the Mediterranean in early modern England." View abstract/electronic edition; access limited to Brown University users, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3318286.
Full text
7
Shibata, Miura Yuko. "Creating Japaneseness : formation of cultural identify /." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22199196.
Full text
8
Harvey, Alison Dean. "Irish realism women, the novel, and national politics,1870-1922 /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1417800181&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full text
9
Leonhardt, Lynne. "The double sunrise : a novel and an accompanying exegesis, Australian national identity and The double sunrise." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2007. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/245.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis comprises a historical novel entitled 'The Double Sunrise' and an exegesis entitled 'Australian National Identity and "The Double Sunrise'". The novel contains three books. The narrative starts in Book I through the perspective of twelve-year-old, fatherless Virginia. The introductory scene, set in 1957, depicts the girl's consciousness and self-consciousness at the wedding of her mother, Valerie, a former English war-bride and war-widow, to her second husband Noel. When the newly married couple leave for their honeymoon, Virginia is left in the care of her aunt, Attie, (her father's twin sister) who lives on a farm in the south west of Western Australia. From here, the story-line reverts to a time six months earlier when Virginia was previously left in the care of Attie during her mother's return to England with her Australian lover for a holiday. The girl's experiences on the farm and the friendships she forms with Attie, Mr Penworthy, her music teacher and Dieter, a German refugee who works on the farm, enrich her life and provide an awakening of womanhood and a wider family identity. The book closes on Christmas Day as Virginia learns of her mother's marriage plans and imminent return journey to Australia with Noel.
Book II skips back to January 1945 with the war-bride's arrival in Australia with baby Virginia ahead of her husband, Jasper, an Australian bomber pilot based in Lincolnshire. This narrative, describing the isolation and loneliness of women's life on the farm as they await Jasper's return, is told through two perspectives: that of Valerie and her sister-in-law Attie, who is managing the farm while Jasper is at war. Following the announcement of victory at the end of Book II, the story narrative picks up in 1963, with a return to Virginia's perspective in Book III. While the girl is waiting to start a musical career at university, she is involved in a burning accident with her little half-sister, Dorothy. When the child dies, Valerie is grief-stricken and Virginia is so traumatised that she can no longer play the piano. Her later meeting with Theo, a young student of Dutch-Indonesian parentage provides love and consolation, helping her towards recovery. The remainder of the story involves Virginia's reactions to her mother's tragic death, Theo's proposal to her following his national service call-up and the unfolding mystery of Jasper's whereabouts and her imminent journey to solve it.
The exegesis, which provides a cultural, historical and literary context for my novel, is structured around two elements: the first consists of an explanation of the creative process and a detailing of memorabilia which inspired me to write 'The Double Sunrise'; the second undertakes an exploration of constructions of Australian national identity until the 1960s through the discourses of myth, war, place, gender and race, and the journey.
10
Hart, Krystal. "Scotland Expecting: Gender and National Identity in Alan Warner's Scotland." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5459/.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation examines the constructions of gender and national identity in four of Alan Warner's novels: Morvern Callar, These Demented Lands, The Sopranos, and The Man Who Walks. I argue that Warner uses gender identity as the basis for the examination of a Scottish national identity. He uses the metaphor of the body to represent Scotland in devolution. His pregnant females are representative of "Scotland Expecting," a notion that suggests Scotland is expecting independence from England. I argue that this expectation also involves the search for a genuine Scottish identity that is not marred by the effects of colonization. Warner's male characters are emasculated and represent Scotland's mythological past. The Man Who Walks suggests that his female characters' pregnancies result in stillbirths. These stillbirths represent Scotland's inability to let go of the past in order to move towards a future independent nation.
Books on the topic "National characteristics, Belgian, in literature"
1
Culture and identity in Belgian francophone writing: Dialogue, diversity and displacement. Peter Lang, 2009.
Find full text
2
Être poète au plat pays: La quête identitaire dans la poésie d'Émile Verhaeren et de Jacques Brel. L'Harmattan, 2014.
Find full text
3
Screech, Matthew. Masters of the ninth art: Bandes dessinées and Franco-Belgian identity. Liverpool University Press, 2005.
Find full text
5
Gunnesson, Ann-Mari. Les écrivains flamands et le champ littéraire en Belgique francophone. Universitas Regia Gothoburgensis, 2001.
Find full text
7
Rietbergen, P. J. A. N. Broedertwist: België en Nederland en de erfenis van 1830. Waanders, 2005.
Find full text
8
Mieux vaut être belge et complexé que français et déprimé. Renaissance du Livre, 2014.
Find full text
9
illustrator, Flasschoen Gustave, and Lynen Amédée 1852-1938 illustrator, eds. Le petit Brusseleir illustré. Soliflor, 2010.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "National characteristics, Belgian, in literature"
1
Weijermars, Janneke. "8. ‘I am Revived as a Belgian’. The Work of Jan Frans Willems." In Language, Literature and the Construction of a Dutch National Identity, 1780-1830, edited by Rick Honings, Ton van Kalmthout, and Gijsbert Rutten. Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9789048526758-010.
Full text
2
Hong, Min. "Literature Review, Theoretical Framework and Methodology." In Internationalizing Higher Education with National Characteristics: Similar Global Trends but Different Responses. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4082-8_2.
Full text
3
Roudijk, Bram, Bas Janssen, and Jan Abel Olsen. "How Do EQ-5D-5L Value Sets Differ?" In Value Sets for EQ-5D-5L. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89289-0_6.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis chapter aims to explore the differences in EQ-5D-5L value sets between countries/areas, and to investigate whether common patterns can be identified between them. EQ-5D-5L value sets for 25 countries/areas were extracted from published literature. These national value sets were compared on key characteristics, such as: the relative importance of the EQ-5D-5L dimensions; the value scale length and the distribution of values over the value scale. Using these characteristics, distinct preference patterns were identified for Asian, Eastern European and Western countries/areas. The Asian countries/areas were split into East Asian and Southeast Asian countries/areas, as these subgroups shared similar characteristics. Using mean values for countries/areas with similar preference patterns, several aggregate value sets were generated. These aggregate value sets describe mean values for all 3125 health states described by the EQ-5D-5L for countries/areas with similar preference patterns. Applying these values to EQ-5D-5L profile data for 7933 respondents in an international survey showed that these aggregate value sets represent the individual national value sets relatively well. This chapter identified large differences between value sets, yet was able to identify common preference patterns between selected countries/areas.
4
Katsikas, Dimitris, and Pery Bazoti. "Managing the Crisis in Greece: The Missing Link between External Conditionality and Domestic Political Economy." In Financial Crisis Management and Democracy. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54895-7_8.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe handling of the Greek crisis was not successful. Despite the sacrifices that the Greek people had to endure, the country’s structural problems both in the public sector and the economy have not been resolutely resolved. This chapter offers an explanation for this failure. The main idea is to connect the externally imposed policy conditionality, with the particular characteristics of Greece’s domestic political economy, seeking to integrate an analysis of impediments and opportunities for structural reform. While the literature on external institutional constraints emphasizes the possibility for achieving convergence, the institutionalist literature points towards divergence among national political economies, as institutional change and policy performance are conditioned by crucial intervening variables, namely, aspects of the domestic institutional infrastructure. In this context, Greece is a paradigmatic case of long-delayed or stalled reforms despite external pressures that promoted them. While most attention has been paid to the weaknesses of the EMU, this analysis’ emphasis is on the role of crucial domestic factors. The analysis takes place in three steps: (a) the outline of Greece’s institutional profile and growth trajectory based on an analysis of formal and informal domestic institutions; (b) the description and analysis of the design, implementation and impact of the adjustment programs; and (c) in view of (a) and (b) an assessment of whether the adjustment programs implemented in Greece took into consideration the characteristics of the country’s political economy, and how and to what degree the failure to do so accounts for their results.
5
Xulu-Gama, Nomkhosi, and Pragna Rugunanan. "Conclusion." In IMISCOE Research Series. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92114-9_18.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis book has provided a sociology of migration in southern Africa. It is widely acknowledged that Africa is historically differently positioned from other continents and that the relations within the continent are more complex in their specific, geographic and historical ways. The specific focus on southern Africa is indicative of and acknowledges the different dynamics in the various parts of Africa. This book moves away from the traditional approach in the literature, which views the African continent as homogenous with only shared characteristics. The continent has vast religious, linguistic, racial, national, ethnic, historical, economic, and geopolitical differences. While the focus of the book is on southern Africa, far-reaching empirical and theoretical conclusions can still be drawn because some of the migratory experiences discussed in this book are shared across countries in the context of a broader Global South. These commonalities are often characterised by unequal distribution of resources that shape the socio-economic and political dynamics of migration in the Global South.
6
Marín, Victoria I., and Daniel Villar-Onrubia. "Online Infrastructures for Open Educational Resources." In Handbook of Open, Distance and Digital Education. Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0351-9_18-1.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractOpen educational resources (OER) have generated a considerable amount of attention in recent years in the field of open, distance, and digital education (ODDE). Digital knowledge infrastructures of different kinds have enabled the creation, storage, management, sharing, and adoption of these resources across educational sectors, levels, and geographies. This chapter presents a general overview of these infrastructures, the underpinning models of OER provision, main characteristics, and key insights from research. It draws on the literature and discusses examples purposively selected to illustrate the diversity of scope, educational stages, and types of online OER infrastructures established on a global, national, regional, or institutional scale. Key challenges are also discussed, including licensing issues, concerns about quality assurance, metadata problems, the sustainability of the initiatives, and sociocultural aspects, among others. In addition to revisiting the conception and adoption of OER in different cultures, important topics to be further addressed by future ODDE research are presented.
7
Mbodji, C. A., A. Fall, D. Diouf, and A. Seck. "Energy Potential of Crop Residues in Senegal: Technology Solutions for Valorization." In Sustainable Energy Access for Communities. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68410-5_6.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractDifferent crops are harvested in Senegal at different periods throughout the year. Therefore, crop residues are constantly available, and there is potential for recycling these residues to produce energy. However, most of these crop residues are often burned or leftover in fields. This chapter assesses the energy potential of five crop residues available in Senegal, in terms of raw material quantities and calorific values, in order to propose adequate valorization schemes. The methodology of the study is based on a review of scientific literature in the field, the processing of data collected from the national specialized agencies, and laboratory tests of pellets manufactured from these residues. The experiments also propose techniques of hybridization in pelleting. The results show the feasibility of combining crop residues to produce pellets, with improved energy characteristics. They also demonstrate that pellets from crop residues can substitute part of industries’ heat demand with the combustion technology and part of rural communities’ electricity demand with the gasification technology.
8
Marín, Victoria I., and Daniel Villar-Onrubia. "Online Infrastructures for Open Educational Resources." In Handbook of Open, Distance and Digital Education. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2080-6_18.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractOpen educational resources (OER) have generated a considerable amount of attention in recent years in the field of open, distance, and digital education (ODDE). Digital knowledge infrastructures of different kinds have enabled the creation, storage, management, sharing, and adoption of these resources across educational sectors, levels, and geographies. This chapter presents a general overview of these infrastructures, the underpinning models of OER provision, main characteristics, and key insights from research. It draws on the literature and discusses examples purposively selected to illustrate the diversity of scope, educational stages, and types of online OER infrastructures established on a global, national, regional, or institutional scale. Key challenges are also discussed, including licensing issues, concerns about quality assurance, metadata problems, the sustainability of the initiatives, and sociocultural aspects, among others. In addition to revisiting the conception and adoption of OER in different cultures, important topics to be further addressed by future ODDE research are presented.
9
Nour, Samia Satti Osman Mohamed. "Characteristics of Innovation in the Arabic Countries." In Handbook of Research on Driving Competitive Advantage through Sustainable, Lean, and Disruptive Innovation. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0135-0.ch025.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter employs both the descriptive and comparative approaches and uses the definition of national systems of innovation used in the literature to examine the characteristics (strength and weakness) and implications of the national systems of innovation in the Arab countries. This paper examines three hypotheses, that the national systems of innovation exist but characterized by serious weaknesses in the Arab countries compared with other world countries, that the level of income has inconclusive effect in the performance of the national innovation systems in the Arab countries and that the poor Arab national systems of innovation has serious implications in the Arab countries. This paper explains two common characteristics of the national systems of innovation concerning poor subsystems of education, S&T, R&D, and ICT institutions in the Arab countries and concentration of R&D activities within public and universities sectors and small contribution of the private sector in R&D activities.
10
Barlow, Richard Alan. "Conclusion." In Modern Irish and Scottish Literature. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192859181.003.0007.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The conclusion of Modern Irish and Scottish Literature provides a summary of the main links between modern Irish and Scottish writing covered in the book, with sections on James Macpherson, Walter Scott, Sydney Owenson, W.B. Yeats, William Sharp/Fiona Macleod, Augusta Gregory, James Joyce, Samuel Beckett, Hugh MacDiarmid, and Seamus Heaney. The conclusion also explores the development of Celticism in its early and late phases and offers analysis on the different characteristics of the two phases. Finally, the conclusion discusses modern Irish and Scottish literatures within their different national political contexts.
Conference papers on the topic "National characteristics, Belgian, in literature"
1
Li, peng fei. "Research on the Inheritance and Development of National Cultural Characteristics in Art Education." In proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Literature, Art and Human Development (ICLAHD 2020). Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201215.511.
Full text
2
Klasky, Hilda B., B. Richard Bass, Terry L. Dickson, et al. "ORNL Evaluation of Safety Cases for Two Belgian Reactor Pressure Vessels Containing Quasi-Laminar Defects." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65305.
Full textAbstract:
The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) performed a detailed technical review of the 2015 Electrabel (EBL) Safety Cases prepared for the Belgium reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) at Doel 3 and Tihange 2 (D3/T2). The Federal Agency for Nuclear Control (FANC) in Belgium commissioned ORNL to provide a thorough assessment of the existing safety margins against cracking of the RPVs due to the presence of almost laminar flaws found in each RPV. Initial efforts focused on surveying relevant literature that provided necessary background knowledge on the issues related to the quasi-laminar flaws observed in D3/T2 reactors. Next, ORNL proceeded to develop an independent quantitative assessment of the entire flaw population in the two Belgian reactors according to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section XI, Appendix G, “Fracture Toughness Criteria for Protection Against Failure,” New York (both 1992 and 2004 versions). That screening assessment of the EBL-characterized flaws in D3/T2 used ORNL tools, methodologies, and the ASME Code Case N-848, “Alternative Characterization Rules for Quasi-Laminar Flaws”. Results and conclusions derived from comparisons of the ORNL flaw acceptance assessments of D3/T2 with those from the 2015 EBL Safety Cases are presented in the paper. The ORNL screening analyses identified fewer flaws than EBL that were not compliant with the ASME Section XI (1992) criterion; the EBL criterion imposed additional conservatisms not included in ASME Section XI. Furthermore, ORNL’s application of the updated ASME Section XI (2004) criterion produced only four non-compliant flaws, all due to design-basis loss-of-coolant loading transients. Among the latter, only one flaw remained non-compliant when analyzed using the warm-prestress (WPS) cleavage fracture model typically applied in USA flaw assessments. ORNL’s independent refined analysis of that flaw (#1660, which was also non-compliant in the EBL screening assessments) rendered it compliant when modeled as a more realistic individual quasi-laminar flaw using a 3-dimensional XFEM (eXtended Finite Element Method) approach available in the ABAQUS© finite element code. Taken as a whole, the ORNL-specific results and conclusions confirmed the structural integrity of Doel 3 and Tihange 2 under all design transients with ample margin in the presence of the 16,196 detected flaws.
3
Ziaei, Dorsa, and Navid Goudarzi. "Short-Term Wind Characteristics Forecasting Using Stacked LSTM Networks." In ASME 2021 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2021-65866.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Onshore/offshore wind turbines play a vital role in addressing the increasing worldwide energy demand. Enhancing the wind power harnessing capability of turbines and extending the life expectancy of their components support further reductions in the final cost of wind energy. Data-driven techniques can complement existing physics-based approaches for complex problems such as wind farm wake modeling. In this paper, a deep learning model is developed to predict the local short-term wind characteristics. A data pre-processing pipeline that includes data cleaning and normalizing steps is developed to generate the training dataset. Time-series forecasting models based on long-short-term-memory (LSTM) and convLSTM are developed and trained for local short-term wind forecasting. The model is validated through experiments on three-year data from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) database. The conducted experiments showed favorable performance based on root mean square error (RMSE) and R2 test scores. The R2 values for predicting 1-minute, 30-minute, and 1 hour, wind characteristics for both LSTM and convLSTM were above 0.92. The results are in agreement with the literature. They also demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed models for short-term wind forecasting compared to similar ones.
4
Spasić, Jelena Lj. "GLOBALIZACIJSKI PROCESI U ROMANU „LETO KAD SAM NAUČILA DA LETIM“." In KNjIŽEVNOST ZA DECU U NAUCI I NASTAVI. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Education in Jagodina, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/kdnn21.049s.
Full textAbstract:
The influence of cultural globalization on language of literature is most intensive in literature for children, which has characteristics of digital natives’ language. This paper deals with the language of the novel Leto kad sam naučila da letim by Jasminka Petrović. The main goal of the research is to examine linguistic and stylistic features in which the influence of English as a global language, digitalization and mass media is reflected. The problem of linguistic diversity has not been given enough attention in previous analysis dedicated to the analyzed novel. The aim of the paper is to single out linguistic and stylistic characteristics of the novel Leto kad sam naučila da letim, which are a consequence of cultural globalization. Along with global cultural homogenization, there is a strengthening of national consciousness and the rise of national cultures. The paper deals with how the process of localization of the global, i.e. glocalization, is manifested in the speech of the characters of the analyzed novel
5
Kolat, Tom. "A Statistical Approach to Primary Radiation Thermometer Drift Quantification with an Example Application." In NCSL International Workshop & Symposium. NCSL International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.51843/wsproceedings.2015.14.
Full textAbstract:
Radiation thermometers constitute a high accuracy class of measurement devices used for the detection and measurement of radiance and radiation temperature emitted by primary standard blackbody cavities and infrared flat plate calibration sources. These primary grade thermometers are employed by standards laboratories and National Measurement Institutes (NMIs) to measure and assess many source radiation temperature output characteristics, including size of source, source emissivity and the output emission passband. Not unlike the best electronic standards used in any measurement discipline, radiation thermometers exhibit measurement changes over time otherwise called drift. Radiation thermometer drift can introduce unfamiliar offsets in the final measurement results without knowledge of the drift behavior. This paper describes a method for quantifying drift and its uncertainty in radiation thermometry based on statistics work published in literature by the former National Bureau of Standards (NBS).
6
Chaves Agudelo, Julian, Jaime Aristizabal Ceballos, Carlos Motta Tierradentro, and Juan Alvarado Franco. "A New Approach for the Geotechnical Zoning of the Rights of Way." In ASME-ARPEL 2019 International Pipeline Geotechnical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipg2019-5343.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Usually, the definition of geotechnically homogeneous zones is established through the analysis of information on a regional (and even national) scale of those characteristics that define the topographic, geological, climatic, and land use conditions by categorizing them and applying algorithms of interaction between these variables. However, in technical literature and in technical reports of state entities that manage natural hazards, new advances are being made in the determination of other aspects or variables that detail the condition of geotechnical susceptibility; at the same time, nowadays there are technological tools for the massive analysis of information and its spatialization. This article presents a new approach to the definition of geotechnically homogeneous zones using these technological tools. A comparison is made against the conventional definition.
7
Nie, Jinsuo, Joseph I. Braverman, Charles H. Hofmayer, Young-Sun Choun, Min Kyu Kim, and In-Kil Choi. "Review of Recent Aging-Related Degradation Occurrences of Structures and Passive Components in U.S. Nuclear Power Plants." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75814.
Full textAbstract:
The Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) and Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) are collaborating to develop seismic capability evaluation technology for degraded structures and passive components (SPCs) under a multi-year research agreement. To better understand the status and characteristics of degradation of SPCs in nuclear power plants (NPPs), the first step in this multi-year research effort was to identify and evaluate degradation occurrences of SPCs in U.S. NPPs. This was performed by reviewing recent publicly available information sources to identify and evaluate the characteristics of degradation occurrences and then comparing the information to the observations in the past. Ten categories of SPCs that are applicable to Korean NPPs were identified, comprising of anchorage, concrete, containment, exchanger, filter, piping system, reactor pressure vessel, structural steel, tank, and vessel. Software tools were developed to expedite the review process. Results from this review effort were compared to previous data in the literature to characterize the overall degradation trends.
8
Пожилов, Д. М. "The reflection of socio-economic reforms of the 90s in the Russian Federation in the educational literature on the discipline of "History" for pupils and students of non-historical areas of training." In Современное социально-гуманитарное образование: векторы развития в год науки и технологий: материалы VI международной конференции (г. Москва, МПГУ, 22–23 апреля 2021 г.). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37492/etno.2021.59.19.055.
Full textAbstract:
последствия реформ 1990-х гг. в России невозможно не затронуть при анализе темы «Приватизация» в контексте образовательного процесса. Эта информация поможет сформировать правильный социально-экономический взгляд на процессы в обществе того времени. С точки зрения политических и идеологических характеристик, приватизация стала официальной политикой, осуществляемой на основе утвержденной стратегии, разработанного законодательства, под воздействием определенных политических интересов и субъектов. Официально провозглашенные цели приватизации находились в рамках национальных интересов России, а механизмы ее проведения сохраняли видимость социальной справедливости при разделе государственной собственности. it is impossible not to touch upon the consequences of the reforms of the 1990s in Russia when analyzing the topic "Privatization" in the context of the educational process. This information will help to form a correct socio-economic view of the processes in society at that time. In terms of political and ideological characteristics, privatization became an official policy, carried out based on an approved strategy, developed legislation, under the influence of certain political interests and actors. Officially proclaimed goals of privatization were within the national interests of Russia, and the mechanisms of its implementation preserved the appearance of social justice in the division of state property.
9
Dabić, Ljubiša. "ZADRUŽNA REVIZIJA KAO SPECIFIČNA PRIVATNA I KOMERCIJALNA USLUGA." In XVIII Majsko savetovanje. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xviiimajsko.073d.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of the research is the cooperative audit service.The aim of this paper is to research that the cooperative audit service is a specific private and only in its foundation, a commercial service, with several elements of non-market service, which based on legal solutions on cooperatives and cooperative audit, takes on a number of specifics compared to other private and commercial services. In addition, to research and shed light on the specifics of the cooperative audit service and its differences and similarities with the audit services provided in other sectors of the national economy - state or legal audit.The purpose of this paper is to enrich the domestic legal literature in the subject area. The cooperative audit service incorporates a number of properties, characteristics and specifics, which primarily arise from the nature of the cooperative as a special legal organizational form and cooperative audit as a special type of audit.
10
Mei, Joseph S., Lawrence J. Shadle, Paul Yue, and Esmail R. Monazam. "Hydrodynamics of a Transport Reactor Operating in Dense Suspension Upflow Conditions for Coal Combustion Applications." In 18th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2005-78088.
Full textAbstract:
A series of experiments were conducted in the 0.3-meter diameter, 15.45-m high cold flow circulating fluid bed (CFB) test facility at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) of the U. S. Department of Energy. Operation of the CFB demonstrated that high density conditions can be achieved throughout the entire riser with sufficiently high solid fluxes in a riser taller than what has been previously reported in the literature. Tests were conducted on Geldart type B, 60 μm diameter, glass beads at two different gas velocities (5.1 and 7.8 m/s). The riser’s axial solids fraction profile provided distinct characteristics that enabled us to differentiate between dense suspension upflow (DSU) and core annular flow regimes. The apparent solids holdup in the riser exceeded 7% when operating in DSU. A fiber optic probe was used to measure particle velocities near the wall 8.5 m above the solids entry. These measurements did not always record upward particle velocities when in DSU conditions. A number of possible reasons are identified and discussed. Solid fluxes greater than 250 kg/m2-s for 5.1 m/s and 350 kg/m2-s at 7.8 m/s appeared to be sufficient to achieve DSU conditions. The trend in the measured particle velocities near the wall was also consistent with these transitions. The transition from core annular conditions to DSU operations depended upon both gas velocity and solids flux and was in good agreement with an existing correlation found in the literature.
Reports on the topic "National characteristics, Belgian, in literature"
1
O’Reilly, Jacqueline, and Rachel Verdin. Measuring the size, characteristics and consequences of digital work. Digital Futures at Work Research Centre, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20919/whfq8202.
Full textAbstract:
This working paper provides a summary assessment of the existing literature and data on digital forms of employment internationally. It illustrates the variability in how it is defined, how it is growing and what kind of risks are associated with these developments. Evaluation of these types of jobs is divided. On one hand, optimists point to the attractions and relative ease in finding employment on digital platforms; on the other hand, more critical perspectives argue that these employment contracts can result in exclusion from social protection systems. The evidence indicates that while overall a relatively small proportion of all employment digital work is growing, both on platforms as well as adoption amongst more traditional companies. The characteristics of digital workers can vary by region and occupation. Overall, they tend to be predominantly younger and more likely male, with a growing number of women albeit in particular occupations. Skills and earnings levels vary but the key issues of disputes is around pay, conditions and employment status. The consequences of this form of work for those with lower skilled digital employment can undermine their social citizenship: they lack comparable employment rights, or when unemployed entitlement to adequate social protection. The potential polarisation effects of digital exclusion and deficits will severely hamper the wider benefits of transparency offered by these technologies. During the pandemic these trends have become more apparent. The imbalance of bargaining power and regulatory governance to bridge gaps in citizenship entitlements undermines the collective potential of policy makers and trade unions to address these challenges. Nevertheless, there is emerging evidence of innovative challenges and contestation of these gaps by both union organisations and national regulators attempts to adapt social protection
2
OMAR, Zaliha Binti, Pooja Bell, Megan M. Bell, et al. A scoping review of the scientific literature on publicly available databases for Complementary and Integrative Medicine (CIM) studies. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.9.0043.
Full textAbstract:
Review question / Objective: Review Questions: 1. What are the publicly available databases that can identified in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (CIM) studies? 2. What are the main characteristics of these studies? 3. Which of the CIM studies identified are associated with rehabilitation? Objectives 1. To create a tool for future research approaches based on lessons from the studies identified - hence promoting robust scientific protocols in its pursuit – for better acceptance by scientists, practitioners, and end-users. 2. To map and review open access databases that include CIM related data as defined by the National Institute of Health in 2012. 3. To highlight a subset of CIM studies that are associated with rehabilitation; to be identified as CIRM and promote it as an inclusive rehabilitative modality. 4. To guide future research on Complementary and Integrative Medicine. 5. To stimulate future research in Complementary and Integrative Medicine. 6. To promote evidence-based practice in Complementary and Integrative Medicine.
3
Henderson, Tim, Vincent Santucci, Tim Connors, and Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: Klamath Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2286915.
Full textAbstract:
A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service (NPS) is to ensure that park resources are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities which may threaten or influence their stability. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) which represent a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies, bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. If a new mappable geologic unit is identified, it may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2005). In most instances when a new geologic unit such as a formation is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section of the unit is designated as the type section or type locality (see Definitions). The type section is an important reference section for a named geologic unit which presents a relatively complete and representative profile. The type or reference section is important both historically and scientifically, and should be protected and conserved for researchers to study and evaluate in the future. Therefore, this inventory of geologic type sections in NPS areas is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The documentation of all geologic type sections throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an ambitious undertaking. The strategy for this project is to select a subset of parks to begin research for the occurrence of geologic type sections within particular parks. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS was centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring networks (I&M) established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network level activities (inventory, monitoring, research, data management). Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The network approach is also being applied to the inventory for the geologic type sections in the NPS. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project. Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic type sections within the parks of the GRYN methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources were established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this type section inventory for the Klamath Inventory & Monitoring Network. The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections which occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS to inform park managers...
4
Henderson, Tim, Mincent Santucci, Tim Connors, and Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: Chihuahuan Desert Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2285306.
Full textAbstract:
A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service is to ensure that park resources are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities which may threaten or influence their stability. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) which represent a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies, bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. If a new mappable geologic unit is identified, it may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2005). In most instances when a new geologic unit such as a formation is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section of the unit is designated as the type section or type locality (see Definitions). The type section is an important reference section for a named geologic unit which presents a relatively complete and representative profile for this unit. The type or reference section is important both historically and scientifically, and should be recorded such that other researchers may evaluate it in the future. Therefore, this inventory of geologic type sections in NPS areas is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The documentation of all geologic type sections throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an ambitious undertaking. The strategy for this project is to select a subset of parks to begin research for the occurrence of geologic type sections within particular parks. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS was centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring networks (I&M) established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network level activities (inventory, monitoring, research, data management). Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The network approach is also being applied to the inventory for the geologic type sections in the NPS. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project. Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic type sections within the parks of the GRYN, methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources was established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this type section inventory for the Chihuahuan Desert Inventory & Monitoring Network. The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections which occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS...
5
Henderson, Tim, Vincent Santucci, Tim Connors, and Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: Mojave Desert Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2289952.
Full textAbstract:
A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service (NPS) is to ensure that park resources are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities that may threaten or influence their stability and preservation. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) that represent a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies, bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. Mappable geologic units may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2005). In most instances when a new geologic unit such as a formation is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section or exposure area of the unit is designated as the type section or other category of stratotype (see “Definitions” below). The type section is an important reference exposure for a named geologic unit which presents a relatively complete and representative example for this unit. Geologic stratotypes are important both historically and scientifically, and should be available for other researchers to evaluate in the future.. The inventory of all geologic stratotypes throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS was centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring networks (I&M) established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (e.g., geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (e.g., flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network-level activities such as inventory, monitoring, research, and data management. Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory & Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project. Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic stratotypes within the parks of the GRYN methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources were established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this report for the Mojave Desert Inventory & Monitoring Network (MOJN). The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections that occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS to inform park managers and to promote the preservation and protection of these important geologic landmarks and geologic heritage resources. The review of stratotype occurrences for the MOJN shows there are currently no designated stratotypes for Joshua Tree National Park (JOTR) or Manzanar National Historic Site (MANZ); Death Valley...
6
Henderson, Tim, Vincent Santucci, Tim Connors, and Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: Central Alaska Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293381.
Full textAbstract:
A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service (NPS) is to ensure that park resources are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities which may threaten or influence their stability and preservation. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) that form a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies (rock types), bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. Mappable geologic units may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2021). In most instances when a new geologic unit such as a formation is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section or exposure area of the unit is designated as the stratotype (see “Definitions” below). The type section is an important reference exposure for a named geologic unit that presents a relatively complete and representative example for this unit. Geologic stratotypes are important both historically and scientifically, and should be available for other researchers to evaluate in the future. The inventory of all geologic stratotypes throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS is centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring networks (I&M) established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network level activities (inventory, monitoring, research, data management). Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project (Henderson et al. 2020). Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic stratotypes within the parks of the GRYN methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources were established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this report for the Arctic Inventory & Monitoring Network (ARCN). The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections that occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS to inform park managers and to promote the preservation and protection of these important geologic landmarks and geologic heritage resources. The review of stratotype occurrences for the ARCN shows there are currently no designated stratotypes for Cape Krusenstern National Monument (CAKR) and Kobuk Valley National Park (KOVA)...
7
Henderson, Tim, Vincent Santucci, Tim Connors, and Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: Northern Colorado Plateau Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2285337.
Full textAbstract:
A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service (NPS) is to ensure that park resources are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities which may threaten or influence their stability. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) which represent a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies, bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. If a new mappable geologic unit is identified, it may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2005). In most instances when a new geologic unit such as a formation is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section of the unit is designated as the type section or type locality (see Definitions). The type section is an important reference section for a named geologic unit which presents a relatively complete and representative profile. The type or reference section is important both historically and scientifically, and should be available for other researchers to evaluate in the future. Therefore, this inventory of geologic type sections in NPS areas is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The documentation of all geologic type sections throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an ambitious undertaking. The strategy for this project is to select a subset of parks to begin research for the occurrence of geologic type sections within particular parks. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS was centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring networks (I&M) established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network level activities (inventory, monitoring, research, data management). Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The network approach is also being applied to the inventory for the geologic type sections in the NPS. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project. Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic type sections within the parks of the GRYN methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources was established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this type section inventory for the Northern Colorado Plateau Inventory & Monitoring Network. The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections which occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS...
8
Henderson, Tim, Vincet Santucci, Tim Connors, and Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: North Coast and Cascades Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293013.
Full textAbstract:
A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service (NPS) is to ensure that park resources are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities which may threaten or influence their stability and preservation. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) that form a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies (rock types), bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. Mappable geologic units may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2021). In most instances, when a new geologic unit (such as a formation) is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section or exposure area of the unit is designated as the stratotype (see “Definitions” below). The type section is an important reference exposure for a named geologic unit that presents a relatively complete and representative example for this unit. Geologic stratotypes are important both historically and scientifically, and should be available for other researchers to evaluate in the future. The inventory of all geologic stratotypes throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS was centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring (I&M) networks established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network-level activities (inventory, monitoring, research, and data management). Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project. Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic stratotypes within the parks of the GRYN methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources were established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this report for the North Coast and Cascades Inventory & Monitoring Network (NCCN). The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections that occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS to inform park managers and to promote the preservation and protection of these important geologic landmarks and geologic heritage resources. The review of stratotype occurrences for the NCCN shows there are currently no designated stratotypes for Fort Vancouver National Historic Site (FOVA), Lewis and Clark National Historical Park (LEWI), or San Juan...
9
Henderson, Tim, Vincent Santucciq, Tim Connors, and Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: San Francisco Bay Area Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293533.
Full textAbstract:
A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service (NPS) is to ensure that the resources of the National Park System are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities that may threaten or influence their stability and preservation. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) that form a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies (rock types), bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. Mappable geologic units may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2021). In most instances when a new geologic unit such as a formation is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section or exposure area of the unit is designated as the stratotype (see “Definitions” below). The type section is an important reference exposure for a named geologic unit that presents a relatively complete and representative example for this unit. Geologic stratotypes are important both historically and scientifically, and should be available for other researchers to evaluate in the future. The inventory of all geologic stratotypes throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS is centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring networks (I&M) established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network-level activities (inventory, monitoring, research, data management). Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory & Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project (Henderson et al. 2020). Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic stratotypes within the parks of the GRYN methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources were established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this report for the San Francisco Bay Area Inventory & Monitoring Network (SFAN). The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections that occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS to inform park managers and to promote the preservation and protection of these important geologic landmarks and geologic heritage resources. The review of stratotype occurrences for the SFAN shows there are currently no designated stratotypes for Fort Point National Historic Site (FOPO) and Muir Woods National Monument (MUWO)...
10
Carter, Becky, and Luke Kelly. Social Inequalities and Famine and Severe Food Insecurity Risk. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.097.
Full textAbstract:
This rapid review summarises the evidence on the ways in which social inequalities and discrimination affect the risk of famine or severe food insecurity. Looking at the risk at the national and sub-national level, gender and other horizontal inequities can affect a society’s risk of violent conflict and therefore food insecurity, while fragile livelihoods associated with ethnic marginalisation can impact regional food security. At the individual and household level, there is a lack of disaggregated data on people’s social characteristics and famines. There is a broader literature on the impact of systemic discrimination (based on gender, age, disability, sexuality, and ethnic identity) on individuals’ and households’ livelihoods and assets, thereby increasing their vulnerability to food insecurity. A key finding from the literature is the gender gap, with women more at risk of being food insecure than men. Also, some ethnic groups are highly vulnerable particularly in conflict-related famines; starvation is used as a warfare tactic in political and ethnic conflicts. There is evidence of how social inequalities heighten individuals’ risks during food crises and famines, including through exposure to protection threats, while limiting their access to essential services and humanitarian assistance. A broad range of measures seeks to address the multi-dimensional ways in which social inequalities affect vulnerability and resilience to food insecurity.