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Hertrampf, Marina Ortrud M. "Romani Literature(s) As Minor Literature(s) in the Context of World Literature: A Survey of Romani Literatures in French and Spanish." Critical Romani Studies 3, no. 2 (June 24, 2021): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.29098/crs.v3i2.88.
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The article discusses the comparatively young form of written Romani literary self-expression as an example of “minor literature” in Deleuze and Guattari’s sense.[1] The focus here is on producing a classifying survey of the literary production of Romani writers in France and Spain, with the article outlining the different aesthetic fields and literary forms evident in French and Spanish Romani literature. The comparative approach reveals thatdespite regional and national differences, these minor literatures demonstrate several aesthetic similarities typical of Romani literature that could ultimately come to define the transnational, cross-border characteristics of Romani literature. Furthermore, I show that there are literary tendencies in contemporary Romani literatures that go beyond the usual forms of establishing literary self-expression in diasporic cultural productions or aesthetic appropriation of major society’s literary traditions, so that Romani literatures in French and Spanish should, I argue, also be seen as part of world literature.
1 It is important to emphasize that the potentially offending implications of the evaluative use of the term “minor” is by no means hinted at in Deleuze and Guattari: The French “literature mineure” does not indicate lower aesthetic qualities or literary inferiority to majority literature but rather describes a literature produced by writers not (exclusively) belonging to the nation-state in which they live. At the same time, it should be mentioned that the term “small literature,” in contrast to minor literatures, means literary expressions from small nations or/and in small languages like, for example, in Bulgarian, Estonian, or Luxembourgish (cf., Glesener 2012).
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Gosselin, Julie, Elisa Romano, Tessa Bell, Lyzon Babchishin, Isabelle Hudon-ven der Buhs, Annie Gagné, and Natasha Gosselin. "Canadian portrait of changes in family structure and preschool children’s behavioral outcomes." International Journal of Behavioral Development 38, no. 6 (May 8, 2014): 518–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025414535121.
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Whereas US-based data have contributed to our understanding of family composition changes over the last decades, data on Canadian families are limited, and previous studies have stressed the need for in depth, longitudinal investigations. This article begins to fill this gap in the literature by providing a current and detailed portrait of family composition changes from 1996 to 2008 (Study 1). Additionally, we performed an analysis of the role of specific child, parent and family characteristics, in interaction with family composition and family transition, in predicting pre-school children’s behavioral outcomes (Study 2). Using nationally-representative Canadian data collected from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY), we focus our inquiry on a mean sample for 0–5-year-olds of 2,866 children at cycle 8 (2008). Results show increases in non-traditional family households over time, as well as significant relationships between child characteristics, household characteristics, and family processes in predicting three behavioral outcomes: emotional problems, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and physical aggression.
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Amari, Mouna, Bassem Salhi, and Anis Jarboui. "Evaluating the effects of sociodemographic characteristics and financial education on saving behavior." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 40, no. 11/12 (June 15, 2020): 1423–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-03-2020-0048.
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PurposeThe objective of this study is to explore the effects of financial literacy level and risk aversion on the saving behavior. The literature review showed dialectical results. Therefore, this study attempts to clarify the debatable of these results by studying the mediating effect of risk aversion on the relationships between demographics determinants and saving behavior moderated by the effect of the financial literacy level.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected from the University of Normandy; the study sample included 516 respondents representing different segments of French households. The structural equation analysis was utilized to control the impact of financial literacy as a moderate variable and the risk aversion as a mediator variable among the link between sociodemographic factors and saving behavior.FindingsThe results demonstrated that there were significant effects of demographics factors on risk aversion. Moreover, financial literacy moderates the relationships between risk aversion and saving behavior.Research limitations/implicationsThe major limitation of this research is the small size of the study sample. This paper is restricted to French households. Future financial education training should cover the European context.Practical implicationsThis study provides further evidence that financial literacy should be considered an important factor for improving household well-being. The paper encourages governments and financial institutions to create a national financial education program.Originality/valueThis paper is the first attempt to employ a sample of low-income households after financial education training in the French context.
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Ovcharenko, Nataliia. "Poetological dominants of historical memory in works of asian immigrant writers in Canada." Слово і Час, no. 6 (November 26, 2020): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.33608/0236-1477.2020.06.87-101.
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Poetological dominants of historical memory in works of asian immigrant writers in Canada
The paper highlights the development of literature related to the historical memory concept of Canadian immigrants from Asian countries. It covers the period of the late 20th ― first decades of the 21st century. The complex of problems, analyzed and structured within the semantic field of the modern historical memory concept, is often applicable both to Canada and Ukraine. The research broadens the knowledge of Canadian literature introducing the names of researchers and writers new to Ukrainian literary studies. The paper overviews the interpretations of Canadian Asian immigrants’ dispositions within the paradigm of modern arts and humanities. The focus is on the issues of double identity, the coherence of ethnic and North American mentality. The researcher generalizes the poetical aspects of the works by Ying Chen, Kim Thui, Joy Kogawa, Michael Ondaatje. Attention has been paid to the definition of discursive parameters, which allow shaping the concept of historical memory in ‘mosaic’ Canadian society; the issues of identities; the main markers of Canadian historical strategies; and versatile patterns of literary texts.
The participation of Canada in the global dialog, which involves its culture and literature, plays probably the most important role in the debate on Canadian polyethnic literature. Regional, national, and international features demand some combined definition. The research explicates modern historical memory strategies in the context of conventional territory with its specific spatial and temporal characteristics. The author demonstrates the main local views on peculiarities of the Canadian literary process of the 2nd half of the 20th ― early 21st century and analyzes literary texts. All the novels show profound connection between representatives of Canadian literature, who may seem essentially different but manifest temporal and subjective similarity.
The paper lists the names of authors working within the ‘double vision’ formula suggested by N. Frye. This approach focuses on the elements of North American culture pertaining to Canadian multicultural world structure as well as traditional cultures of the writers’ ancestral homelands. The paper also considers the generation paradigm, structured on the basis of social and historical algorithms and psychological markers. The types of generational modes (Kim Thuy, Michael Ondaatje) in literature were combined through a common denominator ― canadianness ― based on a double identity.
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Miller, C., D. Grynspan, L. Gaudet, E. Ferretti, S. Lawrence, F. Moretti, A. Lafreniere, A. McGee, S. Lattuca, and A. Black. "Maternal and neonatal characteristics of a Canadian urban cohort receiving treatment for opioid use disorder during pregnancy." Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 10, no. 1 (August 16, 2018): 132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040174418000478.
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AbstractThe epidemic of prescription and non-prescription opioid misuse is of particular importance in pregnancy. The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada currently recommends opioid replacement therapy with methadone or buprenorphine for opioid-dependent women during pregnancy. This vulnerable segment of the population has been shown to be at increased risk of blood-borne infectious diseases, nutritional insecurity and stress. The objective of this study was to describe an urban cohort of pregnant women on opioid replacement therapy and to evaluate potential effects on the fetus. A retrospective chart review of all women on opioid replacement therapy and their infants who delivered at The Ottawa Hospital General and Civic campuses between January 1, 2013 and March 24, 2017 was conducted. Data were collected on maternal characteristics, pregnancy outcomes, neonatal outcomes and corresponding placental pathology. Maternal comorbidities identified included high rates of infection, tobacco use and illicit substance use, as well as increased rates of placental abruption compared with national averages. Compared with national baseline averages, the mean neonatal birth weight was low, and the incidence of small for gestational age infants and congenital anomalies was high. The incidence of NAS was comparable with estimates from other studies of similar cohorts. Findings support existing literature that calls for a comprehensive interdisciplinary risk reduction approach including dietary, social, domestic, psychological and other supports to care for opioid-dependent women in pregnancy.
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Mankowski, Peter, Daniel Demsey, Erin Brown, and Aaron Knox. "Resident Behaviours to Prioritize According to Canadian Plastic Surgeons." Plastic Surgery 28, no. 3 (February 25, 2020): 148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2292550320903424.
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Introduction: Many articles have been published outlining the resident selection process for plastic surgery training programs. However, which qualities Canadian plastic surgeons value most in their current residents remains unclear. A national survey study was conducted to identify which attributes surgeons associate with the highest resident performance and which behaviours trainees should prioritize during their training. Methods: A literature review was performed to identify studies that documented attributes valued in plastic surgery applicants and characteristics of high-performing surgical residents. These qualities were extracted to construct a survey consisting of both ranking and open-ended questions. After an iterative review process, the survey was disseminated nationally to consultants and trainees of Canadian plastic surgery training programs. Results: Survey responses were obtained from 120 invitees and a weighted rank was calculated for each evaluated attribute. The terms integrity, professional, and work ethic were viewed as the most important attributes prized by surgeons. Dishonesty, lack of dependability, and unprofessionalism were viewed as the most concerning behaviours. Additionally, disinterest and arrogance were identified by the open-ended questions as behaviours surgeons would like to see less frequently in their trainees. When compared to surgeons, trainees undervalued the importance of knowledge and the impact of unprofessional behaviour. Conclusions: With the multiple roles that a resident must fulfill, understanding which attributes are of the most importance will help focus self-directed learning and development within residency programs. Ultimately, instilling the importance of integrity and professionalism is most highly valued by members of the Canadian plastic surgery community.
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Klauser, Francisco R. "‘Lost’ Surveillance Studies: A critical review of French work on CCTV." Surveillance & Society 6, no. 1 (January 14, 2009): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v6i1.3401.
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In recent years, the rapidly developing field of ‘surveillance studies’ has sparked a remarkable and revealing body of research, which has led to repeated claims to recognise ‘surveillance studies’ as a cross-disciplinary field of research in its own right. However, the almost exclusive reliance of these independency claims upon Anglophone references raises a series of important questions: Must we conclude that other linguistic traditions in surveillance studies do not exist at all, or are we to assume that such studies are heading in a broadly similar direction as their English counterpart?In order to address these questions, the paper suggests engaging with ‘lost’ CCTV studies published in French academia. It succinctly discusses three specificities of the French CCTV context – the legal regulation of CCTV through the 1995 ‘Loi Pasqua’, the specialised economic journal ‘En toute sécurité’ and the quasi absence of publicly mandated statistical evaluations of open street CCTV systems – thus providing a reading of how they are reflected in the existing CCTV literature. From an analytical standpoint, this approach provides an exploratory framework not only for investigating the key elements that French studies about CCTV can add to the relevant Anglophone literature, but also for examining the broader processes of knowledge generation about surveillance issues and on how these may depend on particular national characteristics.
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Janssen, Susanne, Giselinde Kuipers, and Marc Verboord. "Cultural Globalization and Arts Journalism: The International Orientation of Arts and Culture Coverage in Dutch, French, German, and U.S. Newspapers, 1955 to 2005." American Sociological Review 73, no. 5 (October 2008): 719–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000312240807300502.
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This article charts key developments and cross-national variations in the coverage of foreign culture (i.e., classical and popular music, dance, film, literature, theater, television, and visual arts) in Dutch, French, German, and U.S. elite newspapers between 1955 and 2005. Such coverage signals the awareness of foreign culture among national elites and the degree and direction of “globalization from within.” Using content analysis, we examine the degree, direction, and diversity of the international orientation of arts journalism for each country and cultural genre. Results denote how international arts and culture coverage has increased in Europe but not in the United States. Moreover, the centrality of a country in the cultural “world-system” offers a better explanation for cross-national differences in international orientation than do other country-level characteristics, such as size and cultural policy framework. Recorded and performance-based genres differ markedly in their levels of internationalization, but the effect of other genre-level characteristics, such as language dependency and capital intensiveness, is not clear. In each country, international coverage remains concentrated on a few countries, of which the United States has become the most prominent. Although the global diversity of coverage has increased, non-Western countries are still underrepresented.
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Barber, Claire E. H., Dianne P. Mosher, Vandana Ahluwalia, Michel Zummer, Deborah A. Marshall, Denis Choquette, Diane Lacaille, et al. "Development of a Canadian Core Clinical Dataset to Support High-quality Care for Canadian Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis." Journal of Rheumatology 44, no. 12 (October 1, 2017): 1813–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.170421.
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Objective.To develop a Canadian Rheumatoid Arthritis Core Clinical Dataset (CAN-RACCD) to standardize documentation encouraging high-quality care.Methods.A set of candidate elements was drafted through meetings with 27 rheumatologists, researchers, and patients, and supplemented with focused literature reviews. A 3-round online-modified Delphi consensus process was held with rheumatologists (n = 26), allied health professionals (n = 7), and patients (n = 4); for the remainder there was no demographic information. Participants rated both the importance and feasibility of documenting candidate elements on a Likert scale of 1–9, contributed to an online moderated discussion, and re-rated the elements for inclusion in the CAN-RACCD. Elements were included in the final set if importance and feasibility ratings had a median score of ≥ 6.5 and there was no disagreement among participants.Results.Fifty-five individual elements in 10 subgroups were proposed to the Delphi participants: measures of RA disease activity; dates to calculate waiting times, disease duration, and disease-modifying antirheumatic drug start; comorbidities; smoking status; patient-reported pain and fatigue; physical function; laboratory and radiographic investigations; medications; clinical characteristics; and vaccines. All groups were included in the final set, with the exception of vaccination status. Additionally, 3 individual elements from the smoking subgroup were eliminated with a recommendation to record smoking status as never/ever/current, and 2 elements relating to coping and effect of fatigue were eliminated due to low feasibility and importance ratings.Conclusion.The CAN-RACCD stands as a national recommendation on which data elements should be routinely collected in clinical practice to monitor and support high-quality RA care.
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Benis, Rita. "The origins of screenwriting practice and discourse in Portugal." Journal of Screenwriting 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/josc_00011_1.
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Following previous works by Patrick C. Loughney, Isabelle Raynauld, Steven Maras, Ian Macdonald, Alain Carou and Steven Price on screenwriting’s historical development in national frameworks, this article proposes to examine Portuguese screenwriting historical culture in relation to its major external influences: French, Italian and American cinema. If it is true that American mainstream cinema and its screenwriting models are now hegemonic and increasingly present in Portuguese film culture, it is also true that Portugal had (and continues to have) a strong ‘author-oriented’ film tradition, focused on artistic processes, clearly present in its screenwriting culture. Such characteristics developed first under the influence of French and Italian silent cinema, through the contribution of foreign film directors who worked in Portugal and established schools there. Also important were the cinematographic experiences (film and writing) made by modernist poets during the silent film period. Finally, the powerful influence of the French Politique des Auteurs (1950s) also helped to configure Portuguese screenwriting culture. To contextualize the Portuguese experience specifically, I explore the origins of screenwriting practice and discourse in Portugal, addressing the many political, historical and financial aspects that impacted the Portuguese perception of screenwriting craft from an early stage.
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Heyck, Thomas William. "Myths and Meanings of Intellectuals in Twentieth-Century British National Identity." Journal of British Studies 37, no. 2 (April 1998): 192–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/386158.
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As Stefan Collini remarks in a recent paper comparing twentieth-century French and British intellectuals, the sense that Britain has had no intellectuals has been a significant element in British national identity. Collini rightly observes, “Any discussion in contemporary Britain of the topic of ‘intellectuals’ is sooner or later touched by the cliché that the reality of the phenomenon, like the origins of the term, is located in Continental Europe, and that British society, whether for reasons of history, culture or national psychology, is marked by the absence of ‘intellectuals.’” One might add that a closely related assumption has been equally significant: namely, that while the British may have had some intellectuals, they have paid little attention to them. As Denis Brogan once said, in a typical observation on British culture, “We British don't take our intellectuals too seriously.”The purpose of this article is to suggest an explanation for this feature of British national identity. As the recent literature on national identity tells us, a society's sense of national characteristics is culturally constructed; thus we should be skeptical about any assertions concerning either the absence of intellectuals or the lack of influence by intellectuals in British culture.
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Revyakina, Nina. "Juan Luis Vives on the use of Ancient literature in education." Hypothekai 5 (September 2021): 214–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32880/2587-7127-2021-5-5-214-235.
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The work “On Education” (De tradendis disciplinis) by the Spanish humanist Juan Luis Vives (1492/3–1540) is considered from the perspective of the use of ancient literature during the in-itial period of child school training (from 7 to 15 years). Vives’ appreciation of the Latin language, a positive attitude towards teaching Greek at school, and the influence of ancient languages on modern European languages — Italian, Spanish, and French are discussed. The article draws attention to some features in teaching the Latin language that are not characteristic of the hu-manists who preceded Vives and also wrote about school. They are as follows: using the native language as an instrument for mastering Latin at the initial stage of learning, and using modern literature - writers, grammarians, humanists, which helps to learn ancient languages in the subsequent period. These features can be explained by Vives’ epoch when national states were being estab-lished, national languages were strengthening, and pedagogical thinking was developing. The article also examines the issue brought up by Vives himself about the attitude to pagan literature and to some, in Vives’ opinion, morally questionable poets. With all the inconsistency of Vives and the low persuasiveness of his self-censorship, the solution to this problem comes down to se-lecting such authors the study of whose works will protect school students from vices. The article shows that both Latin and Greek literature (works on oratory, poetry, comedy, history, my-thology, etc.) are widely used in teaching. Ancient writings not only form and enrich the language, but also provide versatile knowledge, mainly of humanitarian kind, help to bring up an ed-ucated and cultured person. This is supported by a large survey of over 100 ancient authors, modern writers, scientists, humanists, early medieval writers, “church fathers”, publishers, translators, and commentators provided at the very end of Vives' discussion on education, with brief characteristics of many of them.
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BYKERK, VIVIAN P., POONEH AKHAVAN, GLEN S. HAZLEWOOD, ORIT SCHIEIR, ANNE DOOLEY, BOULOS HARAOUI, MAJED KHRAISHI, et al. "Canadian Rheumatology Association Recommendations for Pharmacological Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Traditional and Biologic Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs." Journal of Rheumatology 39, no. 8 (September 15, 2011): 1559–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.110207.
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Objective.The Canadian Rheumatology Association (CRA) has developed recommendations for the pharmacological management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with traditional and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) in 2 parts. Part 1 is reported here.Methods.The CRA Therapeutics Committee assembled a national working group of RA clinical experts, researchers, patient consumers, and a general practitioner. Treatment questions were developed a priori based on results of a national needs assessment survey. A systematic review of all clinical practice guidelines and consensus statements regarding treatment with traditional and biologic DMARD in patients with RA published between January 2000 and June 2010 was performed in Medline, Embase, and CINAHL databases, and the grey literature. Guideline quality was assessed by 2 independent reviewers, and guideline characteristics, recommendations, and supporting evidence from observational studies and randomized controlled trials were synthesized into evidence tables. The full working group reviewed the evidence tables and developed recommendations using a modified Delphi technique.Results.Five overarching principles and 26 recommendations addressing general RA management strategies and treatment with glucocorticoids and traditional and biologic DMARD were developed for rheumatologists, other primary prescribers of RA drug therapies, and patients with RA.Conclusion.These recommendations were developed based on a synthesis of international guidelines, supporting evidence, and expert consensus considering the Canadian healthcare context with the intention of promoting best practices and improving healthcare delivery for persons with RA.
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Hue, Olivier, Sophie Antoine-Jonville, Olivier Galy, and Stephen Blonc. "Anthropometric and Physiological Characteristics in Young Afro-Caribbean Swimmers: A Preliminary Study." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 8, no. 3 (May 2013): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.8.3.271.
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The authors investigated the anthropometric and physiological characteristics of young Guadeloupian competitive swimmers in relation to swimming performance and compared the abilities of these children with those of the young white swimmers reported in the literature. All 2004 competitive swimmers between 10 and 14 y old (126 children, 61 boys and 65 girls, 12.0 ± 1.3 y) from Guadeloupe underwent anthropometric measurements and physiological and performance testing. Six boys on the French national swimming team are referred to hereafter as the 2011 elite subgroup. Anthropometric parameters, a jump-and-reach test, glide, and estimated aerobic power (eVO2max) were assessed in terms of swimming-performance analysis through a 400-m test. This study demonstrated that the Guadeloupian swimmers had more body fat than most age-matched white swimmers but had very poor hydrostatic lift; they had higher peak jump height and they swam as well as their white counterparts. The variability in 400-m performance between subjects was best described by glide, age, and eVO2max. Compared with the group of boys with the same age, the 2011 elite subgroup was significantly better for arm span, peak jump height, glide, and 400-m and 15-m performances. Further research is needed to investigate motor organization and energy cost of swimming in Afro-Caribbean swimmers.
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Kropacheva, Kseniya Aleksandrovna. "“Livre qui traictera de toutes sortes de poëmes”: list of genres of the “French Poetic Art” by Pierre Laudun d'Aigaliers." Litera, no. 8 (August 2020): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2020.8.33594.
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This article is dedicated to the specificity of functionality of normative poetics in France at the turn of the XVI – XVII centuries on the example of “French Poetic Art” by of Pierre Laudun d'Aigaliers. Despite the fact that the author of the treatise raises a wide range of questions, the subject of this research becomes the narrow aspect of gradual systematization of genres in France of the XVI century. The goal is to examine the list of genres of the “French Poetic Art”, determine what makes it unique, as well as find out the role played by this treatise in the process of formation of the system of genres. The novelty of this work lies in an attempt of comprehensive evaluation of the question of gradual establishment and formation of the genre system in French poetry. Laudun’s poetic art did not receive due attention within the Russian literary tradition, thus this research is aimed at broadening the perspective on the theoretical texts of French Renaissance. The author reveals a number of characteristics, which underline a special role of the treatise in formation of the French system of genres: 1) Pierre Laudun d'Aigaliers describes the modern status of genres, which contributes to reconsideration of the meaning of one or another form within the gradually forming system; 2) he includes into the list of genres the solid forms, such as virile, coque à l'âne, blason, rehected by La Pléiade poets; 3) “French Poetic Art” stands out among other treatises due to the desire to capture the actual situation of modern poetry by describing the new genres that have not been previously mentions in the theoretical treatises. Therefore, the “French Poetic Art” by Pierre Laudun d'Aigaliers presents the original list of genres, one of the driving purposes of which was summarization of the evolution of national literature and theory of poetry towards the end of the XVI century.
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BOMBARDIER, CLAIRE, GLEN S. HAZLEWOOD, POONEH AKHAVAN, ORIT SCHIEIR, ANNE DOOLEY, BOULOS HARAOUI, MAJED KHRAISHI, et al. "Canadian Rheumatology Association Recommendations for the Pharmacological Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Traditional and Biologic Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs: Part II Safety." Journal of Rheumatology 39, no. 8 (June 15, 2012): 1583–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.120165.
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Objective.The Canadian Rheumatology Association (CRA) has developed recommendations for the pharmacological management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with traditional and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) in 2 parts. Part II, focusing on specific safety aspects of treatment with traditional and biologic DMARD in patients with RA, is reported here.Methods.Key questions were identified a priori based on results of a national needs-assessment survey. A systematic review of all clinical practice guidelines and consensus statements regarding treatment with traditional and biologic DMARD in patients with RA published between January 2000 and June 2010 was performed in Medline, Embase, and CINAHL databases, and was supplemented with a “grey literature” search including relevant public health guidelines. Systematic reviews of postmarketing surveillance and RA registry studies were performed to update included guideline literature reviews as appropriate. Guideline quality was independently assessed by 2 reviewers. Guideline characteristics, recommendations, and supporting evidence from observational studies and randomized trials were synthesized into evidence tables. The working group voted on recommendations using a modified Delphi technique.Results.Thirteen recommendations addressing perioperative care, screening for latent tuberculosis infection prior to the initiation of biologic DMARD, optimal vaccination practices, and treatment of RA patients with active or a history of malignancy were developed for rheumatologists, other primary prescribers of RA drug therapies, and RA patients.Conclusion.These recommendations were developed based on a synthesis of international RA and public health guidelines, supporting evidence, and expert consensus in the context of the Canadian health system. They are intended to help promote best practices and improve healthcare delivery for persons with RA.
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Lebbe, Celeste, Caroline Robert, Brigitte Dreno, Luc Thomas, Jean Jacques Grob, Nicolas Meyer, Elodie Regnier-Rosencher, et al. "Vemurafenib (V) in BRAF V600E metastatic melanoma (mM): Analysis of 507 patients (pts) enrolled in the French temporary authorization for use (ATU)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): 8591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.8591.
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8591 Background: V, a selective BRAF inhibitor, significantly improves OS in BRAF mutated mM. ATU is an exceptional measure making available drugs that have not yet been granted a Marketing Authorisation. We provide demographic data of pts treated by V in the ATU. Methods: V 960 mg BID was given to pts with unresectable stage IIIC or IV BRAF V600E mM. Genotyping was done on the national network of molecular genetics platforms funded by the Institut National du Cancer. Data were prospectively collected. Results: From Apr 2011 to Jan 2012, 83 sites enrolled 507 pts. 80% were treated by oncodermatologists. Pts characteristics at baseline are summarized below. Safety and efficacy data are being evaluated. Conclusions: Around 2 out of 3 patients with a BRAF mutated mM were enrolled in France in the ATU highlighting a large access to BRAF genotyping and to V. Demographic data differs from literature and clinical trials for: site of primary melanoma (reverse trunk/extremity ratio) and inclusion of pts with brain metastasis or PS>2 (excluded in CT). A high number of pts had risk factors for NMSC emphasizing the importance of the communication between oncologists and dermatologists for managing V therapy. [Table: see text]
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Amit, Mr. "Romanticism: Characteristics, Themes and Poets." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 9, no. 5 (May 17, 2021): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v9i5.11034.
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This paper examines about Romanticism or Romantic era, themes and some famous writers, poets and poems of romantic era. Romanticism is one of the repetitive topics that are connected to either creative mind, vision, motivation, instinct, or independence.
The subject frequently condemns the past, worries upon reasonableness, disconnection of the essayist and pays tribute to nature. Gone before by Enlightenment, Romanticism brought crisp verse as well as extraordinary books in English Literature. Begun from England and spread all through Europe including the United States, the Romantic development incorporates well known journalists, for example, William Wordsworth, Coleridge, Keats, Lord Byron, Shelley, Chatterton, and Hawthorne. ‘Romantic’ has been adjusted from the French word romaunt that implies a story of Chivalry. After two German scholars Schlegel siblings utilized this word for verse, it changed into a development like an epidemic and spread all through Europe.
Romanticism in English writing started during the 1790s with the distribution of the Lyrical Ballads of William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Wordsworth's "Preface" to the subsequent version (1800) of Lyrical Ballads, in which he portrayed verse as the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings", turned into the statement of the English Romantic development in verse.
The first phase of the Romantic movement in Germany was set apart by advancements in both substance and artistic style and by a distraction with the mysterious, the intuitive and the heavenly. An abundance of abilities, including Friedrich Hölderlin, the early Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Jean Paul, Novalis, Ludwig Tieck, A.W. what's more, Friedrich Schlegel, Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder, and Friedrich Schelling, have a place with this first phase.
The second phase of Romanticism, involving the period from around 1805 to the 1830s, was set apart by a reviving of social patriotism and another regard for national roots, as bore witness to by the accumulation and impersonation of local old stories, people songs and verse, society move and music, and even recently disregarded medieval and Renaissance works. The resuscitated recorded appreciation was converted into creative composition by Sir Walter Scott, who is frequently considered to have imagined the verifiable novel. At about this equivalent time English Romantic verse had arrived at its peak in progress of John Keats, Lord Byron, and Percy Bysshe Shelley.
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Mandereau-Bruno, Laurence, Damien Léger, and Marie-Christine Delmas. "Obstructive sleep apnea: A sharp increase in the prevalence of patients treated with nasal CPAP over the last decade in France." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): e0245392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245392.
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Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a frequent condition. In the absence of treatment, OSA is associated with a higher risk of traffic accidents and a large variety of diseases. The objectives of this study were to describe the characteristics of patients treated for OSA in France and assess the time trends in treatment. Methods The French National Health Data System is an individual database with data on all healthcare reimbursements for the entire French population. Based on this database, we included all patients aged 20 years or over who were treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or mandibular advancement splint (MAS) between 2009 and 2018. Negative binomial models, adjusted for age, were used to assess time trends in treatment prevalence and incidence rates. Results In 2017, 2.3% of French adults aged ≥20 years were treated with CPAP (men: 3.3%; women: 1.3%). The highest prevalence was observed in people aged 70–74 years (5.0%). From 2009 to 2018, the annual prevalence of CPAP increased 3-fold and the annual incidence 1.9-fold. During the same period, the rate of patients reimbursed for MAS (first prescription or renewal) was multiplied by 7.6. The proportion of patients treated with CPAP in 2017 who were no longer treated in the subsequent year was 6.9%. Discussion The sharp increase in the incidence of OSA treatment probably reflects a better recognition of the disease in France. However, the prevalence of OSA treatment remains lower than expected based on the international literature. Further studies are needed to identify the obstacles to an optimal management of individuals with OSA in France.
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Redomi, Anna, Marika Torbol, Anna Cavazzana, Rita Mottola, Margherita Andretta, and Giovanna Scroccaro. "PP106 Regional Guidance On Aids For Ostomy." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, S1 (2017): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462317002677.
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INTRODUCTION:The Veneto Region established a Technical Panel for Continence (TPC) with the purpose of producing guidance for aids based on a Health Technology Assessment (HTA) approach. TPC is a multidisciplinary experts group that involves local clinicians, pharmacists, health economist and patients associations. Among its tasks, TPC can issue recommendations in the field of appropriate use, purchasing and distribution for aids. Currently the TPC is investigating aids for ostomy patients in order to provide the first regional guidance on appropriateness and disease management for ostomy.METHODS:The Regional Health Technology Assessment Unit (CRUF) conducted a literature review of the evidence on aids for ostomy. Grey literature, and National and Regional laws and regulations were also included in the analysis. TPC discussed the collected evidence by consensus. Final recommendations have been sent to the Regional Technical Committee on Medical Devices (CTRDM) for eventual remarks, before final approval.RESULTS:The literature review did not retrieve any relevant international studies on the topic, except for the Canadian clinical guidelines on ostomy. The upcoming regional guidance will suggest recommendations on: (i) appropriate patient disease management based on a multidisciplinary team evaluation; (ii) characteristics and selection criteria for ostomy aids and related accessories; (iii) prescribing medical specialists, authorization and distribution features; and (iv) specific indicators for appropriateness monitoring.CONCLUSIONS:The regional guidance on aids and accessories for ostomy aim at ensuring the appropriateness throughout the Regional Health Service. The strict monitoring of agreed indicators is essential for appropriateness compliance and consequently the sustainability of regional medical devices expenditure.
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Hier, Sean. "Almost famous: Peter Woodcock, media framing, and obscurity in the cultural construction of a serial killer." Crime, Media, Culture: An International Journal 16, no. 3 (September 11, 2019): 375–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1741659019874171.
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This article contributes to criminological research on cultural constructions of serial murderers by investigating the little-known Canadian case of Peter Woodcock. There is a tacit scholarly consensus that news media routinely sensationalize modern serial killers as celebrity monsters. The case of Woodcock aligns with a different theoretical trajectory geared toward explaining the relative obscurity of otherwise “made for primetime” serial murder events. Examining coverage in the local and national press, the article builds on the sparse literature concerned with absences in conventional explanations for how news media participate in the cultural construction of serial murderers. It does so by gleaning insights into the ways in which Woodcock was simultaneously framed as a sadistic sex maniac responsible for killing three young children in the 1950s and a victim of social circumstance owing to his troubled upbringing. Although Woodcock killed before the rise of the serial killer claims-making industry in the 1980s, the article concludes by reflecting on the curious absence of a retroactively reconstructed modern melodramatic storyline in light of the surreal characteristics of the investigation leading up to his arrest and the circumstances that enabled him to gruesomely kill again in 1991.
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Boussen, Inès, Caroline Algrin, Julien Rossignol, Eric Durot, Sarah Guenounou, Antoine Bonnet, Jeremy Delage, et al. "Management of Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders in the Real Life: The French Attitude Between 2010 and 2013." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 4230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.4230.4230.
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Abstract Introduction Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) are a rare but severe complication occurring after organ transplantation as a result of immunosuppressive therapy (IST). Until recently, there was no consensus regarding best treatment practice. In 2006, a phase 2 trial using a monotherapy with rituximab showed an overall response rate of 44%, with a complete response (CR) rate of 28%. In 2012, the PTLD-1 international multicenter trial evaluating rituximab followed by CHOP chemotherapy proved an efficacy of 90% and an overall survival of 6.6 years in PTLD treatment. K-virogref is a French national expert network created in 2011 to structure and improve the management of viro-induced cancers, occurring in adult after transplantation, including PTLD. Within this network, an epidemiological observational study has been set up in September 2013. The aim of our study was to analyze the management of PTLD in France before the creation of the national database of K-virogref. Patients and methods We included solid organ or allogeneic stem cell recipients, aged 18 years and above, with a histologically proven PTLD, diagnosed between January 2010 and September 2013 in 19 French hematology departments. We collected from clinical charts data regarding transplant characteristics, PTLD presentation, first-line treatment and outcomes. Results The study population consisted of 94 patients, 67% were men and median age was 53 years (ranging 18 - 81 years). The majority of patients received kidney transplantation (54%), followed in almost equal proportion by heart (13%), liver (13%) and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (10%). Most of the time (80% of patients), PTLD occurred more than one year after organ transplantation with a median delay of 7.8 years. Histologically, mainly monomorphic PTLD were observed with 66% of diffuse large B cell lymphoma and PTLD was EBV associated in 54%. At the time of diagnosis, 80% were classified as stage IV according to Ann Arbor. The median follow-up time was 28.3 months (ranging 0.2 - 78 months). As far as treatment is concerned, modification of IST was performed in 68% of patients but response was rarely evaluable because a specific treatment was often started at the same time. Surprisingly, first line treatment consisted in rituximab alone or rituximab followed by CHOP chemotherapy in only 32% of the patients. Among these patients, the overall response rate was 81% with 55% of CR. Most patients (56%) received chemotherapy (n=11) or immunochemotherapy (n=46) without previous rituximab therapy. For these patients the overall response rate was 71% with a CR rate of 53%. At 1 and 3 years of follow-up, the relapse-free rates were 56% (95% confidence interval (CI) 46% - 68%) and 47% (95% CI 37% - 60%), respectively. Overall, 49% of patients died during follow-up of which 37% due to infectious complications and 32% due to PTLD progression. Conclusion This is one of the largest cohort study of PTLD in the literature, providing an overview of epidemiological features, treatments and outcomes of this rare disease. The lag between the management of PTLD and literature data emphasizes the usefulness of a national expert network such as K-virogref in order to generalize a less toxic and more powerful attitude. Disclosures Leblond: Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Gilead: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Roche: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; BMS: Honoraria. Choquet:Celgene: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy.
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Blondonnet, Raiko, Audrey Quinson, Céline Lambert, Jules Audard, Thomas Godet, Ruoyang Zhai, Bruno Pereira, et al. "Use of volatile agents for sedation in the intensive care unit: A national survey in France." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 15, 2021): e0249889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249889.
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Background Current intensive care unit (ICU) sedation guidelines recommend strategies using non-benzodiazepine sedatives. This survey was undertaken to explore inhaled ICU sedation practice in France. Methods In this national survey, medical directors of French adult ICUs were contacted by phone or email between July and August 2019. ICU medical directors were questioned about the characteristics of their department, their knowledge on inhaled sedation, and practical aspects of inhaled sedation use in their department. Results Among the 374 ICUs contacted, 187 provided responses (50%). Most ICU directors (73%) knew about the use of inhaled ICU sedation and 21% used inhaled sedation in their unit, mostly with the Anaesthetic Conserving Device (AnaConDa, Sedana Medical). Most respondents had used volatile agents for sedation for <5 years (63%) and in <20 patients per year (75%), with their main indications being: failure of intravenous sedation, severe asthma or bronchial obstruction, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Sevoflurane and isoflurane were mainly used (88% and 20%, respectively). The main reasons for not using inhaled ICU sedation were: “device not available” (40%), “lack of medical interest” (37%), “lack of familiarity or knowledge about the technique” (35%) and “elevated cost” (21%). Most respondents (80%) were overall satisfied with the use of inhaled sedation. Almost 75% stated that inhaled sedation was a seducing alternative to intravenous sedation. Conclusion This survey highlights the widespread knowledge about inhaled ICU sedation in France but shows its limited use to date. Differences in education and knowledge, as well as the recent and relatively scarce literature on the use of volatile agents in the ICU, might explain the diverse practices that were observed. The low rate of mild adverse effects, as perceived by respondents, and the users’ satisfaction, are promising for this potentially important tool for ICU sedation.
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Vo, Nhon Van. "TRANSLATED LITERATURE IN COCHINCHINA IN THE LATE 19th CENTURY AND IN THE EARLY 20th CENTURY." Science and Technology Development Journal 13, no. 1 (March 30, 2010): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v13i1.2099.
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Being colonized by France, Cocochina (the South of Vietnam) was the region where Western literature was introduced into earlier than the North. Truong Minh Ky was considered the first translator of Western literature in Vietnam. His earliest works of translation appeared in 1884. By the early 20th century, introduced to Vietnamese readers were Western literary works not only of French origin but also of British, American and Russian origins; not only poetry, prose but also drama. In the late 19th century, many writers such as Truong Vinh Ky, Huynh Tinh Cua were interested in Chinese literature. In the first decade of the 20th century, a wide variety of Chinese novels were translated into Vietnamese, forming a strong movement of translating "truyen Tau” (Chinese fictions). The remarkable characteristics of the translation of Western literature in Cochinchina were as follows - The newspapers and magazines in “Quoc Ngu” (Vietnamese language written in Latin characters) where the first works of translation were published played very important role. - The translators were greatly diverse, coming from different social and cultural backgrounds. - More translation was made on prose. Novels of martial arts, historical stories, novels of heroic deeds attracted the attention of the translators and the publishers. Therefore, they were translated much more than romance novels were, because of their compatibility with popular audience. - By translating the works of Western literature, the writers tried to express new concepts of humanism, such as women rights, or gender issues. Translated literature in Cocochina in the late 19th and early 20th centuries reflects a paradox: Western influences started to leave their marks but the Chinese influence was still strongly engraved. However, this was a remarkable step in the journey of modernization of national literature. Through these early translated works, new literary genres were introduced and Vietnamese readers gradually became familiar with them. Translation experiences were the first steps for Cocochina writers to achieve thorough understanding, to learn Western writing techniques and styles, which helped them become the pioneers of new literature in Vietnam.
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Absoud, M., RC Parslow, E. Wassmer, C. Hemingway, HP Duncan, C. Cummins, and MJ Lim. "Severe acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a paediatric intensive care population-based study." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 17, no. 10 (October 2011): 1258–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458510382554.
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There is a paucity of literature on the epidemiology of severe acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). We describe a Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) population-based study to determine the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of children with ADEM requiring PICU admission or resulting in death. Anonymized data from the Paediatric Intensive Care Audit Network (PICANet) were obtained for all children under 16 years with a diagnosis of ADEM admitted to 25 PICUs in England and Wales (2004–2008). The Office for National Statistics (ONS) mortality database was also searched. In total, 27 PICANet cases (13 females:14 males; median age 4.8 years) were ascertained and all were alive on discharge. In addition, three cases were identified from the ONS mortality database. Of the 27 PICANet cases, clinical features included; seizures ( n = 5); upper airway respiratory obstruction/stridor ( n = 2); unspecified encephalopathy ( n = 27); and polyfocal neurological deficits ( n = 6). The median duration of ventilation was 3 days. Inotropic support was required in 4/27 patients, and one patient had invasive intracranial pressure monitoring. None received plasmapheresis. We conclude that the incidence of childhood ADEM admitted to the PICU in England and Wales is approximated at 0.5 per million children/year, thus representing approximately one quarter of children admitted with ADEM (denominator: 2009 Canadian surveillance data).
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McGilton, Katherine S., Shirin Vellani, Jessica Babineau, Jennifer Bethell, Susan E. Bronskill, Elaine Burr, Margaret Keatings, et al. "Understanding transitional care programmes for older adults who experience delayed discharge: a scoping review protocol." BMJ Open 9, no. 12 (December 2019): e032149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032149.
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IntroductionMany hospitalised older adults experience delayed discharges due to increased postacute health and social support needs. Transitional care programmes (TCPs) provide short-term care to these patients to prepare them for transfer to nursing homes or back to the community with supports. There are knowledge gaps related to the development, implementation and evaluation of TCPs. The aims of this scoping review (ScR) are to identify the characteristics of older patients served by TCPs; criteria for transfer, components and services provided by TCPs; and outcomes used to evaluate TCPs.Methods and analysisThe study involves six-step ScR and is informed by a collaborative/participatory approach whereby stakeholders engage in the development of the research questions, identification of literature, data abstraction and synthesis; and participation in consultation workshop. The search for scientific literature will be done in the Medline, PsychINFO, Emcare and CINAHL databases; as well, policies and reports that examined models of transitional care and the outcomes used to evaluate them will be reviewed. Records will be selected if they involve community dwelling older adults aged 65 years or older, or indigenous persons 45 years or older; and presented in English, French, Dutch and German languages. Records will be screened, reviewed and abstracted by two independent reviewers. Extracted data will be analysed using descriptive statistics and a narrative analysis, and organised according to Donabedian’s model of structure (characteristics of older adults experiencing delayed discharge and served by TCPs), process (TCP components and services) and outcome.Ethics and disseminationThis ScR does not require ethics approval. Dissemination activities include integrated knowledge translation (KT) (consultation with stakeholders throughout the study) and end-of-grant KT strategies (presentations at national and international conferences; and publication in peer-reviewed interdisciplinary journal).
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Drejerska, Nina, Wioleta Sobczak, Jarosław Gołębiewski, and Weronika Aniela Gierula. "Does organic means health for consumers? Selected issues of organic food market." British Food Journal 123, no. 8 (June 1, 2021): 2622–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-12-2020-1175.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe organic food supply and demand from the perspective of evolutionary economics. Furthermore, identification of motives of organic food purchasing as well as the most important distribution channels was performed.Design/methodology/approachThis study included review of statistical data available on organic food market, observations from three different formats of shops in France and Poland as well as collected data from 54 French and 85 Polish consumers.FindingsThe findings of this paper show how the organic food market undergoes evolutionary changes, especially how supply and demand sides are being tuned to each other. Health properties of organic food were found as universal characteristics affecting organic food purchasing, regardless the level of the national market development. Organic food retail adjusts to consumer demand, but the rate of this transformation is different when markets of different countries are compared.Originality/valueChanges in supply and demand are continuous in the organic food market; therefore, they should be monitored on an ongoing basis. The insights extend present knowledge on consumer behaviour indicating health concerns as a universal motive affecting organic food purchasing. The study also takes the existing literature a step further by providing additional insight into adjustment of organic food retail to consumer demand.
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Kharchuk, Liliia. "Presentation of the Ukrainian electric power engineering terminology in national lexicography in the end of the 20th – beginning of the 21st century." Terminological Bulletin, no. 5 (2019): 352–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37919/2221-8807-2019-5-48.
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The lexicographical study of the Ukrainian electric power engineering terminology at the present stage of its development is analyzed and outlined. The characteristics of national explanatory and translation dictionaries that contain the terms of the electric power engineering industry is proposed in this study. It is observed that from 1991 till now the Ukrainian electric power engineering terminological system is at the stage of development, revival and revitalization of terminological searches. During the mentioned period significant number of dictionaries of high quality, providing both teaching of professional disciplines in the Ukrainian language and the creation of the Ukrainian educative literature were published. The analyzed lexicography of the present indicates the existence in Ukrainian terminology of a number of valuable and closely related to the electric power industry lexicographic works, which, to a greater or lesser extent, contain electric power engineering terms that serve the electricity industry with a clearly expressed own terminology. Particularly the specific dictionaries that were published in the end of the 20th – beginning of the 21st century, namely, Brief Russian-Ukrainian Electric Power Engineering Dictionary: 5000 terms created by a team from Lviv Polytechnic National University (Lviv, 1990); Russian-Ukrainian Scientific and Technical Dictionary by V. Perkhach, B. Kinash (Lviv, 1997); Russian-Ukrainian Explanatory Thermal Power Dictionary edited by Ya. Mysak, M. Kruk (Lviv, 2001); Explanatory Russian-Ukrainian-English dictionary on Energy. Basic terms: over 3500 terms edited by А.А. Rudnik (Kharkiv, 1999); Ukrainian-Russian-English-French Explanatory Dictionary of Basic Terms in Power Engineering and Electrical Engineering edited by Ye.S. Yemelianova (Kharkiv, 2012) are analyzed. The research once again showed that modern series of terminology dictionaries should be supplemented by a narrow-sector electric power engineering dictionary of explanatory type. This will promote compliance with standards, unification of Ukrainian electric power engineering terminology, and will prevent divergences in existing normative documents.
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Duberry, Jerome, and Sabrya Hamidi. "Contrasted media frames of AI during the COVID-19 pandemic: a content analysis of US and European newspapers." Online Information Review 45, no. 4 (April 5, 2021): 758–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-09-2020-0393.
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PurposeDespite the growing interest in AI, the scientific literature lacks multinational studies that examine how mainstream media depict AI applications. This paper is one of the first empirical studies to explore how French and English-speaking mainstream media portray AI during a pandemic. The purpose of this study is to examine how media define AI and how they frame this technology.Design/methodology/approachThe authors selected five media outlets and extracted all news articles that mentioned AI over a period of 30 days. The authors constituted the sample to ensure a mix of global, national and local media newspapers. The authors included Le Temps (Switzerland), Le Monde (France), The Guardian (United Kingdom), Politico Europe (Europe) and the New York Times (USA). The authors used the NexisUni database to collect the news articles. This resulted in a sample of 54 articles, which the authors then refined to 35 articles mentioning at the same AI and COVID-19. They then manually coded to identify media frames about AI.FindingsAlthough no news article provides a definition of AI, most articles highlight two main characteristics: information processing and adaptability. This paper also shows that the coverage of AI in US newspaper is more optimistic than pessimistic. European newspapers offer a more balanced perspective of the risks and benefits associated with the technology, and highlight its use mainly in the context of the COVID-19. Media framing changes according to the evolution of the pandemic. While the USA were not yet heavily affected by the virus, Europe experienced the peak of the crisis. The authors argue that the framing of AI follows that of the pandemic.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited in terms of timeframe (30 days) and media outlets (5). It would be useful to extend this sample to verify the results, and also conduct interviews among journalists to understand their motivations and understanding of AI.Originality/valueDespite the growing interest in AI, the scientific literature lacks multinational studies that examine how mainstream media depict AI applications in society. This paper is one of the first empirical studies to explore how French and English-speaking mainstream media portray AI during a pandemic.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-09-2020-0393
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Krasnokutskaya, Nadezhda V. "Implementing the principle of considering native language in Russian language textbooks for foreigners." Russian Language Studies 18, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 342–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-8163-2020-18-3-342-358.
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Modern educational trends, including individualization of learning, shifting the focus from the teacher to the student, taking into account the characteristics of the student's personality, including his native language and culture, arouse interest to national-oriented methodology. The objective of this article is to determine the relevance and prospects of this methodological direction in modern teaching of Russian as a foreign language. To realize the objective set out in the article, we used methods of analyzing scientific literature, scientific observation and synthesis of pedagogical experience, conversations with students and teachers. The article is based on scientific research on the methodology of teaching foreign languages, including Russian as a foreign language, textbooks and manuals, both national-oriented and of general type. The article considers the traditions of applying students native language in teaching Russian as a foreign language. We clarify the concepts of native language accounting and reliance on native language, consider the historical formation of the mentioned principle as one of the leading methodological principles, analyze its implementation in textbooks on Russian as a foreign language. The most attention is paid to the analysis of national-oriented manuals. As an example, the textbook Le russe votre rythme. Cours pratique pour francophones by S.A. Khavronina, A.I. Chirotchenskaa, and L. Bron-Tchitchagova is considered. The peculiarities of its orientation to French-speaking audience, ways and means of preventing interlanguage interference and achieving a positive transfer of skills from the native language to the studied one are noted. The prospects for creating such textbooks based on previous experience and methodological traditions are outlined. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the analysis of the results of the national-oriented methodology out of a specific educational situation, limited by certain learning conditions. The theoretical significance of the work consists in generalization and analysis of the accumulated methodological experience in this area. The practical significance is determined by the systematization of methods used in a national-oriented textbook for implementing the principle of native language accounting and identifying the prospects for developing new educational materials of this type.
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Assogba, Komi, Mofou Belo, Majeste Ihou Wateba, Dieu Donné Gnonlonfoun, Paul M. Ossou-Inguiet, Berenger B. C. Tsanga, Moustapha Ndiaye, and Eric K. Grunitzky. "Neuromeningeal cryptococcosis in sub-Saharan Africa: Killer disease with sparse data." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 6, no. 02 (February 2015): 221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-3147.153231.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: The extent of neuromeningeal cryptococcosis (NMC) has increased since the advent of HIV/AIDS. It has non-specific clinical signs but marked by high mortality. Objective: To analyze the characteristics of the NMC in sub-Saharan Africa. Materials and Methods: We have conducted a literature reviewed on the NMC in sub-Saharan Africa from the publications available on the basis of national and international data with keywords such as “Cryptococcus, Epidemiology, Symptoms, Outcomes and Mortality” and their equivalent in French in July 2011. All publications from 1990 to 2010 with 202 references were analyzed. The following results are the means of different studied variables. Results: We selected in final 43 publications dealing with the NMC which 24 involved 17 countries in Africa. The average age was 36 years old. The average prevalence was 3.41% and the average incidence was 10.48% (range 6.90% to 12%). The most common signs were fever (75%), headaches (62.50%) and impaired consciousness. Meningeal signs were present in 49% of cases. The mean CD4 count was 44.8cells/mm3. The India ink and latex agglutination tests were the most sensitive. The average time before the consultation and the hospital stay was almost identical to 27.71 days. The average death rate was 45.90%. Fluconazole has been the most commonly used molecule. Conclusion: The epidemiological indicators of NMC varied more depending on the region of sub-Saharan Africa. Early and effective taking care of patients to reduce diagnostic delay and heavy mortality remains the challenges.
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Bernard, Yohan, Véronique Collange, Aurore Ingarao, and Sarra Zarrouk-Karoui. "Products labeled as “made in domestic country”: the brand matters." European Journal of Marketing 54, no. 12 (August 31, 2020): 2965–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-04-2018-0229.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to better understand an increasingly widespread practice consisting, of a brand, in signaling the domestic origin of its products aimed at domestic consumers, that is, the “made in the domestic country” (MIDC) strategy. To this end, it is proposed to analyze the MIDC label as a cue interacting with the brand’s characteristics (brand equity and country of origin of the brand). Design/methodology/approach A between-subjects experiment is conducted among 293 French consumers on four different brands of pasta. The overall design is a 2 (with/without the MIDC label) × 2 (high/low brand equity) × 2 (domestic/foreign brand) mixed design. Findings The results show that intention to buy the product increases significantly with the presence of the MIDC label, but not so willing to pay. The positive effect on buying intention is greater when: the product has rather low brand equity, consumer ethnocentrism is high and/or consumers are strongly attached to their national identity. Research limitations/implications The present research extends the literature on country-of-origin effects by taking into account the role of the brand equity of the product. However, the study focused on only one low-involvement product category (pasta) and one country (France). Practical implications This study shows that adding an MIDC label to the product is empirically justified. Originality/value While moderate or high scores on “patriotic” variables reinforce the positive impact of the MIDC label, low scores reverse the trend, that is, cause rejection.
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Lubeck, Deborah P., Mark Danese, Duryea Jennifer, Kimberly Miller, Akshara Richhariya, and Phillip M. Garfin. "Systematic Literature Review of the Global Incidence and Prevalence of Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 5930. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.5930.5930.
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Abstract Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) consists of a group of relatively well-defined hematopoietic neoplasms, while myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) comprises a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic stem cell disorders. These disorders may occur de novo or may arise secondary to prior malignancies for which patients received cytotoxic chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. While AML and MDS are reported in a number of national cancer registries, competing classifications prior to 2001 often preclude comparison of results globally. We conducted a systematic literature review in order to identify global rates of the incidence and prevalence of AML and MDS. Methods: We searched Embase and MEDLINE for published studies and recent conference abstracts on the incidence and/or prevalence of AML and MDS for data collected from 2001-2016. This time period parallels the introduction of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of hematopoietic neoplasms. Two reviewers independently screened all abstracts and selected articles, and subsequently abstracted multiple data elements including: AML or MDS, geographic region, standardized incidence and/or prevalence rates, years of data collection, disease classification criteria (e.g. WHO, French American British (FAB), ICD-O-3, ICD-9/10), if condition was diagnosed de novo or treatment associated, age category, and gender. Incidence rates and prevalence by sub-disease classification were also abstracted when available. Results: Literature Review: Our search strategy yielded 874 abstracts initially reviewed for applicability. Of these, 84 were selected for article screening; 44 articles were excluded after screening and 40 articles proceeded to data abstraction and were included in analyses. 25 studies reported on MDS incidence and 2 on MDS prevalence; 17 studies reported on AML incidence and 4 on AML prevalence (some studies report both AML and MDS and incidence and prevalence). While the majority of studies are based on existing regional disease registries, a number describe analyses based on administrative claims data, or patient charts. Nine (9) studies reported on therapy associated incidence. Classification of AML or MDS was based on FAB (9 studies), WHO (10 studies), ICD-O-3 (11 studies) or ICD-9/10 (7 studies) criteria. Three studies were classified on the basis of chart review and/or clinical diagnosis by a physician. Regional distribution was: North America (10 studies), Europe (17 studies), Australia (4 studies), and the Rest of World (including 3 studies in Asia, 2 studies in Africa, 2 in South America and 2 in the Middle East). Analysis: Incidence rates are reported in Figure 1 by region for those studies reporting overall rates across clinical factors, age and gender (27 articles). Incidence of AML as a result of treatment for another cancer ranged from 0.06-2.6 per 100,000 and for MDS from 0.06-0.26 per 100,000. In general, incidence rates increased with increasing age in studies that reported results by age group. Prevalence of AML ranged from 0.6-11.0 per 100,000 and for MDS ranged from 0.22-13.2 per 100,000 for all age categories, genders and ethnicities. Discussion:This is the first study to report on the global incidence of AML and MDS and whether or not the disease occurs as a result of treatment for another oncologic condition or occurs de novo. Variation in study designs and heterogeneous population characteristics make interpretation of results challenging. Figure 1 Overall Incidence Rates for AML and MDS by Geographic Region Figure 1. Overall Incidence Rates for AML and MDS by Geographic Region Disclosures Lubeck: Outcomes Insights: Employment. Danese:Outcomes Insights: Employment. Jennifer:Outcomes Insights: Employment. Miller:Outcomes Insights: Consultancy. Richhariya:Seattle Genetics, Inc.: Employment. Garfin:Seattle Genetics, Inc.: Employment.
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de Man, A. F., L. Labreche-Gauthier, and C. P. Leduc. "A FRENCH-CANADIAN VERSION OF THE AUTONOMY-CONTROL SCALE FOR USE WITH ADOLESCENTS." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 19, no. 2 (January 1, 1991): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1991.19.2.99.
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One-hundred-and -ten French-Canadian adolescents (60 boys, 50 girls) participated in an analysis of the French version of the Autonomy-Control Scale. Correlations with selected personality variables were obtained. Associations were found between parental control and measures of self-esteem, multi-dimensional locus of control, anomie, life stress, and depression. The scale's correlational characteristics were in line with findings reported in the literature.
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Nahid, Payam, Susan E. Dorman, Narges Alipanah, Pennan M. Barry, Jan L. Brozek, Adithya Cattamanchi, Lelia H. Chaisson, et al. "Official American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines: Treatment of Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis." Clinical Infectious Diseases 63, no. 7 (August 10, 2016): e147-e195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciw376.
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Abstract The American Thoracic Society, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Infectious Diseases Society of America jointly sponsored the development of this guideline for the treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis, which is also endorsed by the European Respiratory Society and the US National Tuberculosis Controllers Association. Representatives from the American Academy of Pediatrics, the Canadian Thoracic Society, the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, and the World Health Organization also participated in the development of the guideline. This guideline provides recommendations on the clinical and public health management of tuberculosis in children and adults in settings in which mycobacterial cultures, molecular and phenotypic drug susceptibility tests, and radiographic studies, among other diagnostic tools, are available on a routine basis. For all recommendations, literature reviews were performed, followed by discussion by an expert committee according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology. Given the public health implications of prompt diagnosis and effective management of tuberculosis, empiric multidrug treatment is initiated in almost all situations in which active tuberculosis is suspected. Additional characteristics such as presence of comorbidities, severity of disease, and response to treatment influence management decisions. Specific recommendations on the use of case management strategies (including directly observed therapy), regimen and dosing selection in adults and children (daily vs intermittent), treatment of tuberculosis in the presence of HIV infection (duration of tuberculosis treatment and timing of initiation of antiretroviral therapy), as well as treatment of extrapulmonary disease (central nervous system, pericardial among other sites) are provided. The development of more potent and better-tolerated drug regimens, optimization of drug exposure for the component drugs, optimal management of tuberculosis in special populations, identification of accurate biomarkers of treatment effect, and the assessment of new strategies for implementing regimens in the field remain key priority areas for research. See the full-text online version of the document for detailed discussion of the management of tuberculosis and recommendations for practice.
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Nahid, Payam, Susan E. Dorman, Narges Alipanah, Pennan M. Barry, Jan L. Brozek, Adithya Cattamanchi, Lelia H. Chaisson, et al. "Executive Summary: Official American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines: Treatment of Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis." Clinical Infectious Diseases 63, no. 7 (September 1, 2016): 853–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciw566.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The American Thoracic Society, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Infectious Diseases Society of America jointly sponsored the development of this guideline for the treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis, which is also endorsed by the European Respiratory Society and the US National Tuberculosis Controllers Association. Representatives from the American Academy of Pediatrics, the Canadian Thoracic Society, the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, and the World Health Organization also participated in the development of the guideline. This guideline provides recommendations on the clinical and public health management of tuberculosis in children and adults in settings in which mycobacterial cultures, molecular and phenotypic drug susceptibility tests, and radiographic studies, among other diagnostic tools, are available on a routine basis. For all recommendations, literature reviews were performed, followed by discussion by an expert committee according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology. Given the public health implications of prompt diagnosis and effective management of tuberculosis, empiric multidrug treatment is initiated in almost all situations in which active tuberculosis is suspected. Additional characteristics such as presence of comorbidities, severity of disease, and response to treatment influence management decisions. Specific recommendations on the use of case management strategies (including directly observed therapy), regimen and dosing selection in adults and children (daily vs intermittent), treatment of tuberculosis in the presence of HIV infection (duration of tuberculosis treatment and timing of initiation of antiretroviral therapy), as well as treatment of extrapulmonary disease (central nervous system, pericardial among other sites) are provided. The development of more potent and better-tolerated drug regimens, optimization of drug exposure for the component drugs, optimal management of tuberculosis in special populations, identification of accurate biomarkers of treatment effect, and the assessment of new strategies for implementing regimens in the field remain key priority areas for research. See the full-text online version of the document for detailed discussion of the management of tuberculosis and recommendations for practice.
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Baazaoui, Hedi, and Mohamed Ali Zaraï. "The Effect of Firm Characteristics on the Disclosure of IAS/IFRS Information: The Cases of Tunisia, France and Canada." International Business and Accounting Research Journal 3, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/ibarj.v3i2.67.
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The effect of firm characteristics on the disclosure of IAS/IFRS information can not be studied in isolation of the national context of the country of nationality or domicile of the firm. Starting from the assumption that the intrinsic characteristics of the firm depend significantly on its size and the country of his nationality, we chose to work on companies belonging to different trading indices and from countries with different cultures and levels of economic development. The selected countries are Tunisia, France and Canada since Tunisia differs from Canada and France mainly by the level of economic development (developing countries) and France differs from Canada by culture. Our sample includes 52 Tunisian companies (40 listed on the first market and 12 on the alternative market), 244 French companies (35 CAC40 Index (top 40 French firms) and 209 CACsmall (index of small Capitalization French firms)) and 223 Canadian companies (36 ^TX60 (first 60 Canadian companies) and 187 ^TX20 Index (Small Capitalization Canadian firms)). Our results showed that the determinants of the disclosure of IAS/IFRS information will vary depending on the nationality of the firm and also showed the importance of the nationality of the firm in explaining disclosed information since the proxy used "country" has significant coefficients.
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Certain, Raphaël, and Jean-Paul Barusseau. "Conceptual modelling of sand bars morphodynamics for a microtidal beach (Sète, France)." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 176, no. 4 (July 1, 2005): 343–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/176.4.343.
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Abstract The sandy littoral of Sète, with its barred shoreface, is one of the three studied sites of the thematic action “Morphodynamics of sandy beaches” of the French Programme National d’Environnement Côtier (PNEC), selected because of its microtidal wave-dominated characteristics and of the long time series of available data. During the PNEC program, the principal results obtained show that the morphological evolution of the sedimentary bars can be synthesized according to two conceptual models, in reaction to hydrodynamic variability. (1) The model of “oscillation around a position of equilibrium” (O.P.E) defines the usual mode of behaviour of the bars, with an alternation of shoreward and seaward movements. The bars migrate seaward during storms and shoreward when the energy conditions decrease. This oscillation is expressed with several rhythms. (i) During the main phases of the bar evolution, which are long periods during which the bars present the same geometrical characters. The passage from one phase to the other occurs when a 4 m significant height storm happens. (ii) At the seasonal scale, which is well illustrated by the behaviour of the inner bar: during summer, when the conditions of agitation are weak, the bar aggregates punctually with the shore; when the conditions of agitation increase in autumn the inner bar is reformed and moved seaward. (2) The model of “Net Offshore Migration” (N.O.M) points to the tendency of the bars to retreat under the effect of paroxysmal events (storms with a 20 to 50 yrs return time) being a prelude to their degeneration. From the former position of equilibrium, the outer bar strongly moves seaward and drops following heavy swell. Instead of moving to the coast according to the O.P.E model, the outer bar loses material that is recovered by the inner bar and degenerates. The inner bar, exposed to the swell, then moves seaward to replace the initial outer bar, a new inner bar being created at the coast. A few years after, the standard pattern is restored. These results are compared with those described in the literature.
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Troussard, Xavier, Alain Herrera, Edouard Cornet, and Philippe Solal-Céligny. "Modeling the Epidemiology of Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (iNHL) in France." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 5371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.5371.5371.
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Abstract As of 2014, there were few reliable publication sources of epidemiology data for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) in France, particularly with regard to indolent forms such as Follicular Lymphoma (FL), Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (WM) and Marginal Zone Lymphoma (MZL). In addition, epidemiology registries provide useful data on disease incidence but no information can be directly obtained on the number of relapsed patients, especially in the rare iNHL subtypes. At the same time, many new and effective drugs will be made available to the Hematologist/Oncologist community. As a consequence, there will be an increase in the complexity of therapeutic algorithms. We undertook an innovative modeling approach to address the need for a greater understanding of the number of relapsed patients available to these new therapies. The objective of the model was to determine the yearly incidence of first line and later lines of therapy patients from 2014 to 2018 and in consequence, provide relevant data to determine precisely which population might be in need for the new compounds and bring accurate data that could be implemented into a prospective economic model. First, we used the Registre Régional des Hémopathies Malignes de Basse-Normandie (RRHMBN) to collect real world patient characteristics, such as patient subgroups and tumor staging. The RRHMBN is dedicated to Hematological malignancies and supported by official Health Authorities: Institut National du Cancer(INCA) and Institut National de Veille Sanitaire (INVS). Then, we applied these data to the French National Network of Registers FRANCIM incidence and survival data (table 1 below). Table 1 Yearly number of patients newly diagnosed Table 1. Yearly number of patients newly diagnosed Finally, we applied the results from medical literature to progression free survival for each standard of care treatment in our epidemiological model. The table below shows yearly the number of patients in need for treatment in first and subsequent lines of therapy as produced by our model. Table 2 Yearly number of patients in need for treatment in first and subsequent lines Table 2. Yearly number of patients in need for treatment in first and subsequent lines Our modeling approach compensates for a lack of real world information on relapsed iNHL. We have shown that there is a significant number of relapsed patients who are in need of new treatments in France. The model is able to answer the question of how many patients are in need of novel therapies in later lines through 2018 and provide for iNHL investigators efficient prospective data that can be integrated into medico-economic model development. Furthermore, these data address a current medical need for the development of a new iNHL algorithm, necessitated by the expected arrival of new treatment options for patients in the relapsed setting. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Snyder, Natalie, Ria Wilson, Lian Finch, Brooklyn Gallant, Chris Landa, Daniel Frankel, Dina Brooks, Tara Packham, and Ana Oliveira. "The Role of Occupational Therapy in Pulmonary Rehabilitation Programs: Protocol for a Scoping Review." JMIR Research Protocols 10, no. 7 (July 26, 2021): e30244. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/30244.
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Background Chronic respiratory diseases are highly prevalent and compromise an individual’s ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) and participate in meaningful life roles. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a well-established intervention aimed at restoring an individual’s exercise capacity and improving their ability to complete their ADLs. Occupational therapists help individuals engage in meaningful “occupations,” improving their health and well-being. Given the concordance in the aims of PR and the occupational therapy (OT) scope of practice, occupational therapists appear to be well suited as key players in PR programs. However, the benefits of adding OT to PR programs have been sparsely reported in the literature and the role of OT in PR has never been synthesized or reported in national and international guidelines. Objective The aim of this review is to explore the role of OT in PR programs, the current guideline recommendations for the inclusion of OT in PR programs, the estimated prevalence of OT in PR programs, and the reported or anticipated effects of OT interventions in PR programs. Methods The review will be conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews. A comprehensive search will be undertaken in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CINAHL (EBSCO) to identify and retrieve relevant literature published in English, French, or Portuguese. Gray literature on international OT association websites will also be identified, including position statements and guidelines relevant to PR programs. All literature published since the establishment of the effectiveness of PR for chronic respiratory disease in 1994 that explores OT in PR programs for these patients will be included. Search results will be exported to Covidence for title, abstract, and full-text screening by two independent reviewers. Data will be extracted by two independent reviewers using a pilot-tested template including the following: the number of PR programs including OT (specifically from surveys), the purpose of the study, the study design, patient characteristics, respiratory conditions included, PR components, OT role, outcomes, and results. Findings will be presented using a narrative summary, supplemented by figures and/or tables. Key themes will be displayed in an infographic or schematic. Results The study was initiated in January 2021 and registered with the Open Science Framework (OSF) in February 2021, prior to title and abstract screening. Data collection and analysis and drafting of the manuscript will occur throughout 2021, with expected publication in 2022. Conclusions The results of this scoping review will help health care professionals improve patient care by broadening their understanding and awareness of the role of OT in PR programs. This role clarification may help to inform program development and clinical decision making and will serve to optimize the delivery of multidisciplinary care for patients in PR programs, ultimately improving patient outcomes. Trial Registration OSF Registries ZH63W; https://osf.io/zh63w International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/30244
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M.A. Johnson, Sarasa, Manon Choinière, Michèle Bally, Marie-Pierre Dubé, Jean-Claude Tardif, Daniel Gaudet, Jean Bergeron, Hélène Lanctôt, and Jacques Lelorier. "Statin Initiation: Guideline Concordance and Characteristics of New Users in Quebec, Canada." Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology 27, no. 3 (August 11, 2020): e69-e77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/jptcp.v27i3.676.
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Statins are widely prescribed for the prevention of cardiovascular (CV) events. Our objective was to describe the characteristics of patients newly prescribed a statin by general practitioners and assess the concordance of prescribing with national guidelines. Patients who were 18 years or older, French-speaking, available for the 2-year study duration, and had no history of statin use were recruited. Biological parameters were measured, and medical history, sociodemographic characteristics, and health behaviours were recorded using structured questionnaires. Patients’ eligibility for a statin was assessed using the Canadian Cardiovascular Society’s dyslipidemia guidelines. Of the 1631 new statin-users enrolled, 47.6% were women. The mean age for all patients was 57.4 years. According to the Canadian guidelines, 50.6% of patients were considered at high risk for a CV event or had a statin-indicated condition. Moderate and low-risk patients represented 26.7 and 22.7% of patients, respectively.
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Mashevskyi, O., and M. Baraboi. "THE QUEBEC NATIONAL QUESTION DURING THE WORLD WAR II AND IN THE POSTWAR PERIOD." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. History, no. 132 (2017): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2017.132.1.06.
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The paper deals with the Quebec national question during the Second World War and the postwar period in the context of the causes and preconditions of "Quiet Revolution" in 1960s in Quebec. Based on articles, memoirs, non-fiction literature, statements we analyze the views of the French-Canadian and the English-Canadian public and political figures on the crisis of conscription, as well as the impact of the crisis on the social and political situation in post-war Quebec. Particular attention is paid to an under-researched aspect in the historiography – to attempts of a reform in Quebec, in times of Adelard Godbout (1939 – 1944) as a prime-minister of Quebec. He was considered to be a precursor of the "quiet revolution" in 1960s. During his tenure in the Quebec government he adopted important laws on women suffrage, compulsory schooling of children from six years. It weakened the influence of foreign companies on the Quebec's economy. The Adelard Godbout's defeat in provincial elections in 1944 resulted in rise of a nationalist-conservative Maurice Duplessis. We thoroughly analyzed the post-war period in the history of Quebec, which is known as the "period of darkness" (1944 – 1959), when prime minister of Quebec Maurice Duplessis was elected on second term. The paper also focuses on the policy of the M. Duplessis's regime in Quebec, on how it contributed to further backlog in socio-economic development, which accelerated discontent of opposition which demanded major reforms. This discontent had become the catalyst of the "Quiet Revolution." The postwar period has transformed French-Canadian national question in Quebec. Basic issues during the government of M. Duplessis were not linguistic, religious or cultural ones. The main question was that of equality of the provinces in the federation and concerned expansion the autonomous rights of Quebec.
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Troussard, Xavier, Alain Herrera, Edouard Cornet, and Philippe Solal-Céligny. "Modeling the Epidemiology of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) in France." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 5652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.5652.5652.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a slowly progressing but incurable disease with high unmet medical needs. As of 2014, there were few reliable publication sources of epidemiology data for CLL in France, particularly with regard to relapsed patient population. In addition, epidemiology registries provide useful data on disease incidence but no information can be directly obtained on the number of relapsed patients. At the same time, several new and effective drugs will be made available to the Hematologist/Oncologist community. As a consequence, there will be an increase in the complexity of therapeutic algorithms. We undertook an innovative modeling approach to address the need for a greater understanding of the number of relapsed patients available to these new therapies. The objective of the model was to determine the yearly incidence of first line and later lines of therapy patients from 2014 to 2018 and in consequence, provide relevant data to help determine which population might be in need for the new compounds and bring accurate data that could be implemented into a prospective economic model. First, we used the Registre Régional des Hémopathies Malignes de Basse-Normandie (RRHMBN) to collect real world patient characteristics, such as tumor staging (based on Binet Classification), fitness status, and deletion 17p. The RRHMBN is dedicated to Hematological malignancies and supported by official Health Authorities: Institut National du Cancer(INCA) and Institut National de Veille Sanitaire (INVS). Following that, we applied these data to the French National Network of Registers FRANCIM incidence and survival data. 27.6% of patients were under 65 years. 50% of patients over 65 years had unfit status. 77% of patients had stage A, 14% stage B and 8% stage C. 2/3 of stage A were not treated and 1/3 evolved to stage B or C. 5% of patients had a 17p deletion at diagnosis (Table 1 below). Table 1. Yearly number of patients newly diagnosed Figure 1 Figure 1. Finally, we applied the results from medical literature to progression free survival for each standard of care treatment in our epidemiological model, Fludarabine (F) – Cyclophosphamide (C) – Rituximab (R) regimen with a PFS equal to 51.8 months for patients under 65 years. (R) – Bendamustine (B) regimen with a PFS equal to 33.9 months for patients fit and over 65 years. For unfit patients over 65 years, ofatumumab (O) – Chlorambucil (C) regimen with a PFS equal to 27 months. The table below (Table 2) shows the yearly number of patients eligible for treatment in first and subsequent lines of therapy as produced by our model. Table 2. Yearly number of patients in need for treatment in first and subsequent lines Figure 2 Figure 2. Our modeling approach compensates for a lack of real world information on relapsed CLL. We have shown that there is a significant number of relapsed patients who are in need of new treatments in France. The model is able to answer the question of how many patients are in need of novel therapies in later lines through 2018 and provide for CLL investigators efficient prospective data that can be integrated into medico-economic model development. Furthermore, these data address a current medical need for the development of a new CLL algorithm for patient management, necessitated by the expected arrival of new treatment options for patients in the relapsed setting. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Moss, Jane. "Québécois Theatre: Michel Tremblay and Marie Laberge." Theatre Research International 21, no. 3 (1996): 196–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883300015315.
Full textAbstract:
The French colonists (‘habitants’) who began settling Canada in the early seventeenth century brought with them the French language, the Catholic religion, and French cultural traditions. These basic elements of ‘le patrimoine’ continued to evolve in the North American context after France abandoned the colony in 1760. Under the influence of a conservative political establishment and the Catholic Church for two centuries, French Canadians perceived themselves as an isolated minority whose duty was to preserve their language, religion, culture, and agrarian traditions. A collective identity crisis during the 1960s led to the conclusion that the old social, educational, and religious institutions had failed to keep up with the forces of modernization, industrialization, and urbanization which had transformed the province. During the period known as the ‘Révolution tranquille’, political reforms gave Quebec greater autonomy within the Canadian confederation, economic reforms improved material conditions, and educational reforms began preparing future generations for productive careers. Rejecting the term ‘Canadien français’ because it connoted colonial status, Quebec intellectuals adopted the term ‘Québécois’ and called for the creation of a national literature, independent from its French roots and its Anglo-American connections. This distinctive Québécois literature would reflect the reality of their lives and speak to them in the language of Quebec.
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Koreleska, Ewa, and Andrzej Ferenc. "Functioning of “Organics Cluster” in the French National and Regional Market of Organic Food." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 17(32), no. 4 (December 29, 2017): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2017.17.4.91.
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The main aim of this study is to identify a model organic food cluster situated on the territory of a selected European Union country and its operation effects. In the first part of the study a selected food market of France is characterized as a reference point of further analyses and studies. The data was obtained from French domestic reports which cover years 2007-2016. Dynamics of changes has been defined as well as the trends characteristic of the analyzed period. The method of least squares has been used. Moreover, a definition and the importance of clusters has been presented on the basis of the literature of that topic. The part of the study includes a description of functioning of a selected French organic food cluster is described and evaluated. The method of case study has been used. It has been found that in 2007-2016 the eco-sector in France has developed significantly. A distinctly rising linear trend in the number of organic farms, ecological companies, ecologically cultivated land, the size of the market and degree of French people's knowledge of organic food labels has been reported for the eco-branch in France. As many as 112 projects have been implemented in the analyzed cluster. Those projects involved innovative and export undertakings which allowed to achieve a competitive advantage on the domestic market and even abroad. Positive effects also include possibility of experience exchange and financial support particularly important for young entrepreneurs.
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Bankauskaitė, Gabija. "Respectus Philologicus, 2009 Nr. 16 (21)." Respectus Philologicus, no. 20-25 (October 25, 2009): 1–240. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/respectus.2009.21.
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CONTENTS
I. PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONSDanguolė Melnikienė (Lithuania). The Issue of the Addressee in Receptive and Productive Dictionaries...11Eleonora Lassan (Lithuania). The Time of Losers...21Yelena G. Zadvornaya (Belarus). Russian Litanies: Types and Characteristics of the Genre...35Evgeny E. Anikin (France). The 2008 US Presidential Election in the Mirror of Sports Metaphor (in the French Press)...46
II. FACTS AND REFLECTIONSZinaida D. Popova (Russia). The Ways of Representation of Concepts as a Problem of Cognitive Linguistics... 56Marzena Marczewska (Poland). The Willow Tree in the Medical Folk Rituals...62Natalia Solovyova (Belarus). The Concepts of “War” and “Peace” in the Old Russian Language Picture of the World: The Genesis of Antonymous Relations...73Olga N. Charykova (Russia). National Specificity of Metaphorical Conceptualization of the World...82Dalia Eigirdienė (Lithuania). On the Peculiarities of the Worldview Reflected In Lithuanian and Russian Zoonymic Phraseology...90Aleksandras Krasnovas (Lithuania). Reception Theory and Practice of Reading...96Asija Kovtun (Lithuania). Parallels Between Deconstructionist and Creator – Paul de Man and Czeslaw Milosz...104Lidia Mazur-Mierzwa (Poland). Wislawa Szymborska in Russian Translation...116Jolanta Chwastyk-Kowalczyk (Poland). Memoirs of Lwów Citizens in Exile Published after the World War II...126Gabija Bankauskaitė-Sereikienė, Žydrė Dargužytė (Lithuania). Rainer Maria Rilke’s Ideas in Father Stanislovas’ Sermons...137Tatsiana V. Eromeitchik (Belarus). The Evaluative Focus of Social Advertising in Belarus...150Laima Kalėdienė (Lithuania). The Statistical Approach to Vernacularisms in The Dictionary Of Modern Lithuanian Language...159Asta Kazlauskienė, Gailius Raškinis (Lithuania). Phone Frequency in Standard Lithuanian...169
III. OPINIONAlgis Braun (Lithuania). Lithuanian Grammar, English Words: Cross-Linguistic Influence and Students’ Written Errors...183
IV. OUR TRANSLATIONSPatrick Seriot (Switzerland). Oxymoran or Misundersanding. Anna Wierzbicka’s Universal Relativism of Natural Semantic Metalanguage. Translated by Vilhelmina Vitkauskienė...193
V. SCIENTIFIC LIFE CHRONICLEConferences , eventsEleonora Lassan (Lithuania). Once Upon a Time in Ekaterinburg…203Books reviewsPavel Lavrinec (Lithuania). БРИО, Валентина, 2008. Поэзия и поэтика города: Wilno – הנליו – Vilnius...205Kazimierz Luciński (Poland). Bulat Okudzhava’s memory will live on for ever in Poland. MAZUR-MERZWA, Lidia, 2008. Булат Окуджава в польских переводах. Когнитивные стратегии польского переводоведения...209Ina Kažuro (Lithuania). ЛАССАН, Элеонора, 2008. Лингвокультурология. Очерк русской концептологии...213Wiesław Caban (Lenkija / Polska). ILGIEWICZ, Henryka, 2008. Societates Academicae Vilnenses. Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk w Wilnie (1907-1939) i jego poprzednicy...216Vilnius University Kaunas Faculty of Humanities: journal of scientific lifeDaiva Aliūkaitė (Lithuania). Emotions suppressed by language: Joviality without a smile...220Skirmantė Biržietienė, Saulutė Juzelėnienė (Lithuania). Linguistics, Literature Studies and advertising or tracing back to the ideas of young linguists of VU KHF...222
Announce...224
VI. REQUIREMENTS FOR PUBLICATION...226VII. OUR AUTHORS... 234
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Hutcheon, Linda. "Academic Free Trade? One Canadian's View of the MLA." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 114, no. 3 (May 1999): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900155397.
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In 1988, in the midst of the often acrimonious debates about the North American Free Trade Agreement, a button began to appear on Canadian lapels. It featured a section of the Stars and Stripes with a red maple leaf in the place of one star, and a caption read, “No, eh.” Through this image, the anti-free-trade side offered parodic resistance to what it saw as the assimilation—not to say wholesale economic engulfing—of Canada by the United States. Typically self-deprecatory, Canadian humor demanded that the rejection be couched in a gentle mocking of the national verbal tic: eh? is the terser but less elegant Canadian version of the French n'est-ce pas? and the German nicht wahr? In some ways the intellectual equivalent of NAFTA, the MLA is much older than the economic institution and somewhat less controversial. Nevertheless, it too is not unproblematic for Canadians, and to see why and how, one needs to understand something of the political and cultural relations between a very small and a very large nation when they adjoin.
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Cutcliffe, John R. "Toward an Understanding of Suicide in First-Nation Canadians." Crisis 26, no. 3 (May 2005): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.26.3.141.
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Abstract. Despite having a suicide rate that is consistently higher than the national Canadian average, our understanding of suicide within First-Nation Canadians is limited. Furthermore, our historical research endeavors in this area have tended to focus on clarifying characteristic symptoms, symptom clusters, and risk factors; establishing causal links; and identifying clinical phenomena associated with the presence of increased risk and have tended to use quantitative methods. The “voice” of the suicidal First-Nation person is largely “silent” within this literature and, as a result, any understanding we have of this issue is unbalanced and incomplete. Accordingly, this paper makes the case for adding a complementary (or shifting the existing) research emphasis for studying suicide within First-Nation Canadian communities. It suggests a complimentary strategic research activity that is more concerned with qualitative methods: A model that augments the current understanding of the “developmental-existential” model of suicide by accessing and articulating the “voices” of the First-Nation people themselves.
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Zanchetta, Margareth S., Christine Maheu, Olesya Kolisnyk, Mohamed Mohamed, Sepali Guruge, Diana Kinslikh, Joneet J. Christopher, et al. "Canadian Men’s Self-Management of Chronic Diseases: A Literature Analysis of Strategies for Dealing With Risks and Promoting Wellness." American Journal of Men's Health 11, no. 4 (March 23, 2015): 1077–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988315577674.
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This article reviews the qualitative research on men’s self-management of mental and physical chronic diseases, with emphasis on strategies for dealing with risks and promoting wellness. Using Bardin’s method of document analysis, it was focused on the findings of Canadian qualitative studies published in French or English from 2005 to 2011. Boltanski’s theory on social uses of the body inspired the analysis. Living with a chronic disease threatens men’s sense of masculinity and self-image, as well as their perceived ability to fulfill expected social roles. Social images of men’s bodies influence how men express their emotions, attributes, and attitudes, or acknowledge the need for and seek social affirmation. Self-management has been documented in Canadian qualitative literature as a complex phenomenon influenced by the social environment, personal capacities, feelings, perceptions, and potentials. The extent of how all these features interact within the scope of men’s mental and physical health and illness experiences was partially revealed in this study. The findings underscore the social invisibility of men’s bodies, especially those of men facing social inequities. Attending to principles of social justice can ensure that future research on men’s health will amplify the range of men’s voices and allow them to be heard. Recommendations address also the international scientific community interested in advancing men’s health research, especially in those countries that lack a national men’s health policy.
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Djiadeu, Pascal, Abban Yusuf, Clémence Ongolo-Zogo, Joseph Nguemo, Apondi J. Odhiambo, Chantal Mukandoli, David Lightfoot, Lawrence Mbuagbaw, and LaRon E. Nelson. "Barriers in accessing HIV care for Francophone African, Caribbean and Black people living with HIV in Canada: a scoping review." BMJ Open 10, no. 8 (August 2020): e036885. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-036885.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionIn 2001, 50%–55% of French-speaking minority communities did not have access to health services in French in Canada. Although Canada is officially a bilingual country, reports indicate that many healthcare services offered in French in Anglophone provinces are insufficient or substandard, leading to healthcare discrepancies among Canada’s minority Francophone communities.ObjectivesThe primary aim of this scoping systematic review was to identify existing gaps in HIV-care delivery to Francophone minorities living with HIV in Canada.Study designScoping systematic review.Data sourcesSearch for studies published between 1990 and November 2019 reporting on health and healthcare in Francophone populations in Canada. Nine databases were searched, including Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, the Cochrane Library, the National Health Service Economic Development Database, Global Health, PsychInfo, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science.Study selectionEnglish or French language studies that include data on French-speaking people with HIV in an Anglophone majority Canadian province.ResultsThe literature search resulted in 294 studies. A total of 230 studies were excluded after duplicates were removed. The full texts of 43 potentially relevant papers were retrieved for evaluation and data extraction. Forty-one studies were further excluded based on failure to meet the inclusion criteria leaving two qualitative studies that met our inclusion criteria. These two studies reported on barriers on access to specialised care by Francophone and highlighted difficulties experienced by healthcare professionals in providing quality healthcare to Francophone patients in Ontario and Manitoba.ConclusionThe findings of this scoping systematic review highlight the need for more HIV research on linguistic minority communities and should inform health policymaking and HIV/AIDS community organisations in providing HIV care to Francophone immigrants and Canadians.