Relevant bibliographies by topics / National Committee for Free Europe

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Academic literature on the topic 'National Committee for Free Europe'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "National Committee for Free Europe"

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Lepola, Pirkko, Allison Needham, Jo Mendum, Peter Sallabank, David Neubauer, and Saskia de Wildt. "Informed consent for paediatric clinical trials in Europe." Archives of Disease in Childhood 101, no. 11 (May 25, 2016): 1017–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2015-310001.

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ObjectivePaediatric clinical trials are often conducted as multinational trials. Informed consent or assent is part of the ethics committee approval for clinical trials. The consent requirements vary between countries due to national laws and regulations, which are not harmonised in Europe. These discrepancies can present challenges for paediatric clinical trials. The aim of this study was to assemble these consent and assent requirements across the European Economic Area. The collated national requirements have not been publicly available before, despite a real need for this data.MethodsNational consent and assent requirements for paediatric clinical trials were analysed and collated for 25 European Union Member States and 2 European Free Trade Association countries until the end of 2014. The data were retrieved from existing databases and through communication with the competent authorities and selected ethics committees. Results from a literature search for international or national guidelines, declarations and conventions and academic societies' publications served as comparison material.ResultsConsent and assent requirements are heterogeneous across these countries. We compiled our findings in ‘The Informed Consent and Assent Tool Kit’, a table including 27 national consent and assent requirements listed by individual country.ConclusionsWide variation in paediatric consents and assents presents challenges for multinational paediatric trials in Europe. The toolkit is available for all those involved in paediatric clinical trials and ethics committees, providing a new platform for proactive feedback on informed consent requirements, and may finally lead to a needed harmonisation process, including uniform standards accepted across Europe.
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Scott-Smith, Giles. "The Free Europe University in Strasbourg: U.S. State-Private Networks and Academic “Rollback”." Journal of Cold War Studies 16, no. 2 (April 2014): 77–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_00452.

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The Free Europe Committee (FEC, known from 1949 to 1952 as the National Committee for a Free Europe) was created in June 1949 in line with George Kennan's push for a greater mobilization of the private sector in U.S. political warfare against the Soviet Union. An oft-mentioned but little-explored part of the FEC conglomerate was the Free Europe University in Exile (FEUE), established in Strasbourg in 1951. This article focuses on four Americans who played lesser-known but, in their individual ways, central roles in the formation and running of the FEUE: James Burnham (the consultant), DeWitt Poole (the diplomat), Royall Tyler (the point man), and Adolf Berle (the intellectual). By tracking their input, the impulses that led to FEUE's formation, and its eventual demise, the article presents the university as a microcosm not just of the large-scale FEC operation but also of various strands that fed into U.S. political warfare as a whole.
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Heikkilä, Pauli. "Katalin Kádár Lynn, ed., The Inauguration of Organized Political Warfare: Cold War Organizations Sponsored by the National Committee for a Free Europe/Free Europe Committee. Saint Helena, CA: Helena History Press, 2013. 604 pp. $75.00 / €57.00 / £47.00." Journal of Cold War Studies 18, no. 4 (October 2016): 235–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_r_00697.

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Parsanoglou, Dimitris, and Yannis Papadopoulos. "Regulating Human Mobility through Networking and Outsourcing: icem, IOs and NGOs during the 1950s." Journal of Migration History 5, no. 2 (September 11, 2019): 332–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23519924-00502006.

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The Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration (icem) was founded in 1952 to manage the migration of migrants and refugees of European origin to overseas countries. Its foundation was part of the effort during the Post-war period to find supranational solutions to global problems and can be considered as the first to achieve ‘migration management’. icem was also part of the US propaganda mechanism during the Cold War aiming at proving the superiority of the ‘Free World’ to allocate human resources and streamlining the movement of refugees from Eastern Europe. To achieve this task icem collaborated closely with international organisations such as the ilo. At the same time, since its foundation it outsourced the process from registration to placement of immigrants and refugees to a series of national, international or religious voluntary organisations. The article tries to assess the process and the results of this collaboration during the first decade of icem’s operation.
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Jastrzębski, Robert. "Reforma rolna po drugiej wojnie światowej. Ustawodawstwo państwa polskiego." Czasopismo Prawno-Historyczne 70, no. 1 (October 12, 2018): 111–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/cph.2018.1.3.

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Agrarian reforms in Central Europe date back to the 19th century. They were connected with the abolition of personal serfdom, socage as well as of rentification, and ultimately granting the peasants land which they farmed previously. These reforms were carried out on the Polish lands during the partition period. As a result, the course of the changes and the resulting agrarian structure was significantly different in the territory of the Polishstate that was created after the First World War. Later, a land reform was carried out in the Second Polish Republic. Initially, it was done on the basis of the Act of 15 July 1920 which announced the implementation of the land reform. Subsequently, the land reform issued was associated with the implementation of the Act of 17 March 1921 of the Polish Constitution.Its provisions deviated from those in the act of 1920. In particular, it concerned the amount of indemnity paid to landowners. The implementation of the land reform was mainly impeded during the Great Depression. This economic depression also resulted in a substantial fall in the profitability of the agricultural farms. As a consequence, the land reform did not result in significant changes in the agrarian structure of the Second Polish Republic.During the Second World War in 1944, the Polish Committee of National Liberation issued a manifesto in which, inter alia, it announced the introduction of an agrarian reform. Subsequently, on the 6th of September 1944, the Polish Committee of National Liberation issued a decree on the land reform. According to the aforementioned document, the purpose of the reform was to pass agricultural holdings exceeding a certain size to theownership of the state. Moreover, this process was carried out without any compensation to the previous owners. As a result of the implementation of the land reform, the National Land Fund was established in order to manage the land holdings collected in this manner. The proceedings concerning the reform were administrative in character which effectively prevented the former landowners from filing a court case at the time. Furthermore, the agricultural reform in the so-called “Recovered Territories”, which were attached to thePolish state as a result of the Potsdam Conference in 1945, was carried out in a different way. It was not until the 6th of September 1946 that a decree was issued on the agricultural system and settlement on the lands of the Recovered Territories and the former Free City of Danzig. The decree was a special regulation relating to the Decree on Agrarian Reform. Its primary purpose was to enable the settlement of those lands as quickly as possible.Therefore, a different procedure was implemented for transferring land to the settlers in those areas. The land reform period after World War II, from a legal standpoint, ended with the release of legal acts between 1957 and 1958. It is also worth mentioning that during that period the forests and the real estate belonging to the church were separately nationalized (respectively by the 1944 decree and by the Church Estate Act of 1950). The agrarian reform, announced in the Manifesto of the Polish Committee of National Liberation, significantly changed the agrarian and social structure of the Polish state after the Second World War. It is estimated that 30% of the land made available to peasants came from the land reform. At the same time, it resulted in the decrease of the importance of the landowners. It should also be noted that the aforementioned legal regulations pertaining to the land reform remain in force in the currently binding law.
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Bagot, Martine, Timothy Illidge, Nicola Pimpinelli, Mehul Dalal, Athanasios Zomas, Chalid Assaf, Nathalie Waser, et al. "Progression-Free Survival and Overall Survival Among a Patient Cohort of Relapsed/Refractory Mycosis Fungoides in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 5879. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-126246.

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Background and Aim: Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) wherein those with advanced stage have a poor prognosis. The objective of this study was to describe clinical characteristics and survival in MF patients who were refractory or had relapsed after a first systemic therapy. Methods: A retrospective chart review study was conducted at 27 sites in Europe. Patients enrolled had a diagnosis of MF and proved to be relapsed/refractory (R/R) prior to 1-Jan-2016 after a first systemic therapy. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were estimated from the date of R/R event (defined as the index date) using Kaplan-Meier estimates. PFS was defined as death, progression, second relapse or refractory, or presence of subsequent treatment after index date. Results: This study included 104 advanced R/R MF patients with a median age of 54.5 years (range: 21-82). The median follow-up was 3.5 years (range: 0-20.7) after index date. In total 80% of patients experienced a second R/R, with a median time to second R/R of 15.8 months (range: 0.6-174.6). The median age at death was 65 years (range: 42-85). In total 39 deaths (37.5%) were observed. Among those patients who had a known cause of death (N=35), 18 died of CTCL progression, 11 of CTCL complication or drug toxicity and 7 of other causes. The estimated median OS was 11.5 years (95% CI: 6.5 - not reached). The median PFS was 1.3 years (95% CI: 1.0-2.1). Conclusions: The high rate of R/R and low PFS suggest that the clinical burden of R/R MF is significant in five European countries, and recently approved targeted therapies have the potential of improving outcomes. Disclosures Bagot: Innate Pharma: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Illidge:Takeda: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Seattle Genetics, Inc.: Research Funding; Div of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Univ of Manchester, National Institutes of Health and Research Biomedical Research Center, Manchester Academic Health Sciences, Christie Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust: Employment. Dalal:Takeda: Employment. Zomas:Takeda: Employment. Trinchese:Takeda: Employment. Little:Takeda: Employment. Bent-Ennakhil:Takeda Pharmaceuticals International AG: Employment. Ortiz-Romero:Actelion: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; 4SC: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; miRagen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; PLCG1: Patents & Royalties; Kyowa: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Innate Pharma: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; MEDA: Research Funding.
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Cullinan, John, Derek F. H. Pheby, Diana Araja, Uldis Berkis, Elenka Brenna, Jean-Dominique de Korwin, Lara Gitto, et al. "Perceptions of European ME/CFS Experts Concerning Knowledge and Understanding of ME/CFS among Primary Care Physicians in Europe: A Report from the European ME/CFS Research Network (EUROMENE)." Medicina 57, no. 3 (February 26, 2021): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57030208.

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Background and Objectives: We have conducted a survey of academic and clinical experts who are participants in the European ME/CFS Research Network (EUROMENE) to elicit perceptions of general practitioner (GP) knowledge and understanding of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and suggestions as to how this could be improved. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was sent to all national representatives and members of the EUROMENE Core Group and Management Committee. Survey responses were collated and then summarized based on the numbers and percentages of respondents selecting each response option, while weighted average responses were calculated for questions with numerical value response options. Free text responses were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Overall there were 23 responses to the survey from participants across 19 different European countries, with a 95% country-level response rate. Serious concerns were expressed about GPs’ knowledge and understanding of ME/CFS, and, it was felt, about 60% of patients with ME/CFS went undiagnosed as a result. The vast majority of GPs were perceived to lack confidence in either diagnosing or managing the condition. Disbelief, and misleading illness attributions, were perceived to be widespread, and the unavailability of specialist centres to which GPs could refer patients and seek advice and support was frequently commented upon. There was widespread support for more training on ME/CFS at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Conclusion: The results of this survey are consistent with the existing scientific literature. ME/CFS experts report that lack of knowledge and understanding of ME/CFS among GPs is a major cause of missed and delayed diagnoses, which renders problematic attempts to determine the incidence and prevalence of the disease, and to measure its economic impact. It also contributes to the burden of disease through mismanagement in its early stages.
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Gratwohl, Alois, Ronald Brand, Dietger Niederwieser, Helen Baldomero, Christian Chabannon, Jan Cornelissen, Theo de Witte, et al. "Introduction of a Quality Management System and Outcome After Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation." Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, no. 15 (May 20, 2011): 1980–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2010.30.4121.

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Purpose A comprehensive quality management system called JACIE (Joint Accreditation Committee International Society for Cellular Therapy and the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation), was introduced to improve quality of care in hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). We therefore tested the hypothesis that the introduction of JACIE improved patient survival. Patients and Methods Data on 41,623 allogeneic (39%) and 66,281 autologous (61%) HSCTs for an acquired hematologic disorder performed between 1999 and 2007 by 421 teams in Europe were used to assess the outcomes of patients who received a transplantation at baseline (> 3 years before application or no application), during preparation (3 years before application), during application (time from application to accreditation), and after JACIE accreditation. The analysis was clustered by team and stratified for year of HSCT, donor type, disease, conditioning, and gross national income per capita of the respective country. Patient's risks were adjusted for by their European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation score. Results Patient outcome was systematically better when the transplantation center was at a more advanced phase of JACIE accreditation, independent of year of transplantation and other risk factors. Improvement was robust as quantified for relapse-free survival after allogeneic HSCT compared with baseline by a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.96 (95% CI, 0.90 to 1.03; P = .22) for preparation, 0.95 (95% CI, 0.88 to 1.03; P = .20) for application, and 0.86 (95% CI, 0.78 to 0.95; P = .01) for the accreditation (test for trend P = .01). Improvement from baseline was similar after autologous HSCT (HR for accreditation, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.93; P < .01). Conclusion Even with all the limitations of an observational study, these findings support the hypothesis that introduction of a comprehensive clinical quality management system is associated with improved outcome of patients after HSCT.
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Hansen, Penelope A. "PHYSIOLOGY’S RECONDITE CURRICULUM." Advances in Physiology Education 26, no. 3 (September 2002): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advances.2002.26.3.139.

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Dr. Penny Hansen is an international physiology educator. She was born in America and became a Canadian citizen, and her husband is from Sweden. Dr. Hansen has a reputation throughout the world from international meetings and visiting professorships in North America and Europe. She received her bachelor’s and master’s degrees in Ohio, and her PhD and entire academic career have been at Memorial University in St. John’s, Newfoundland, which is closer to London than to New Orleans. She found a hospitable environment and stayed. Remember how some jet planes were grounded on Sept. 11 at Gander, Newfoundland; the local people opened their homes, transported passengers in school buses, and served them free meals for a couple of days. Dr. Hansen has received local and national awards for her teaching skills. At St. John’s, her ideas about education quickly outgrew the Basic Science Division in the Faculty of Medicine. She went from Assistant Dean for Undergraduate Medical Education to Director of Academic Development for Medicine to director of a center for health professional education for five professional schools. With this track record she might have been chosen to be dean of a medical school. Dr. Hansen’s most notable contribution to international physiology has been in editing our Society’s teaching journal, Advances in Physiology Education, for nine years. During that time, she has written provocative editorials, encouraged authors from developing countries, and found ways to incorporate fresh ideas about teaching. As far as I know, no other society in the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology has a journal devoted to teaching. This is a tribute to Dr. Hansen and her associate editors in their encouragement of teachers to do research on teaching and publish their findings. Dr. Hansen will continue writing and is authoring a textbook entitled Physiology of Life Situations, which will have unique organization. Dr. Hansen was recently appointed co-chair of the Education Committee for the International Union of Physiological Sciences. In that role, she is responsible for conducting teaching workshops and providing resources to teachers of physiology worldwide, particularly in developing countries. She spends time each winter teaching at St. George’s Medical School in Granada. Dr. Hansen is also the elected chair of the Teaching Section for the next three years. It is particularly appropriate that, on this Earth Day 2002, whose motto is “One People, One Earth, One Future,” we hear a citizen of Canada who teaches worldwide talk about“Physiology’s Recondite Curriculum.”—Roger TannerThies, PhD, Professor Emeritus of Physiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
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Rusi, Ilda. "European Integration: One Electoral Promise Not Taken." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 2, no. 1 (December 30, 2014): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v2i1.p159-165.

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The process of European Union membership is a national objective, in view of the democratization and transformation of the Albanian society, in accordance with the values and principles of the United Europe. This sentence is taken from the Official Site of the Prime Minister of Albania. This message but expressed in other words seems to be there standing since 1992, when in Albania for the first time was articulated the desire for national integration of the country. After more than twenty years, the question that concerns me mostly is that why my country is not part of the big European family? What happened in these twenty-two years to prevent this process or to accelerate it? The first thing that comes to my mind after the last rejection candidate status on December, last year, is that this is a promise that none of the Albanian government has not yet managed to achieve. On my opinion, this process is strictly associated with the willing of all determinant political actors to collaborate and to manifest democratic political culture through dialogue. European integration is a slogan used in every political campaign, as a key element of the political agenda all political parties but in. It helps a lot during the electoral campaign but unfortunately we are still waiting for. Thus, I think that the integration process is not related only to the Albanian desire for participating in the EU, but mostly to the political class attitude. It is true that every time that the government does not achieve the candidate status, the political parties to blame each other for retarding the integration process. Even though, different scholars emphasize the role of EU in the process of integration, I believe that the country's democratization is a process strongly related to the political elite performance and the way they manifest politics. Albanian political class must admit that the real problem in this process is the way that it makes politics and how it makes political decision. In this article, I argue that the European integration is a process which can be successful only if all political parties in Albania understand that this is an obligation that they have with Albanian citizens and that cannot be realized if all of them are not committed to. This ambitious goal can be achieved only when the EU priority reforms are going to be established and in Albania there are going to operate functional and free institutions based on meritocracy and democratic system of operation far away from politics.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "National Committee for Free Europe"

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Walker, Peter. ""A free and Protestant people"? : the campaign for the repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts, 1786-1828." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0c5d614d-e9b5-4fe2-ac89-06bae8d4330e.

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Protestant Dissenters launched a campaign for Test Act repeal in 1786 that encountered strong opposition. Half a century later a second campaign inconspicuously secured repeal whilst the established Church was preoccupied with the problem of Catholic emancipation. Historians have examined the political narrative of both campaigns and the theories of toleration propounded by some Dissenters. However, little attention has been paid to the symbolic importance of the Test Acts, which Dissenters considered as badges of their exclusion from national citizenship. This thesis will examine the language of the repeal campaigns as a window into wider notions of citizenship and national identity. The resultant picture of Dissenters' identities and the larger national identities that they contested makes it possible to problematise and refine Linda Colley's Britons: Forging the Nation, which expounds a pan-Protestant, anti-Catholic, British national identity. Protestantism and anti-Catholicism were indeed central to the language of the debate, but this language marginalised Dissenters as often as it included them. Several Dissenters therefore united with a parallel Catholic campaign for toleration, whilst very few united with their fellow-Protestant Churchmen against the Catholic threat. The Dissenters' strategies reveal the ambiguity of their relationship to the nation: they were usually seen by Churchmen as marginalised or subordinate though less so than the Catholics. Moreover, overlooked divisions between evangelical and old Dissent, and between Trinitarian and Unitarian Dissent, led different sections of Dissent to pursue different strategies according to their perception amongst Churchmen. Notions of national identity and citizenship were changing in this period, particularly as a result of the French Revolution and wars. Both Test Act repeal and Catholic emancipation may be situated within long-term processes of state-building and nation-building. Older notions of national identity endured to a greater extent than has been recognised, but adapted to these processes by becoming more inclusive and assimilative. Though Test Act repeal and Catholic emancipation granted Dissenters and Catholics similar rights, because of the enduring importance of Protestantism to British national identity Test Act repeal signified Dissent's integration into the nation in a way that Catholic emancipation did not for Catholics.
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Roerick, Kyle. "Much Ado About Free Trade? Examining the Role of Discourse and Civil Society in Framing the Anti-Free Trade Debate, 1985-1988." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22757.

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The well-known outcome of the 1988 federal election – a Conservative Party majority in Parliament and an effective “yes” to the question of whether or not the Free Trade Agreement between Canada and the United States was desired – tends to obscure the importance of the process by which a large non-party based opposition movement sought to cultivate and organize the public’s understanding of the election’s central premise. While the opposition movement failed to have Prime Minister Brian Mulroney removed from power, the discursive process that the movement both created and was the driving force behind, is key to understanding the historical context of the debate over free trade itself. This thesis will illustrate that there existed a discursive process amongst the efforts of the anti-free trade movement from 1985-1988 to cultivate, organize, and mobilize public opposition to Mulroney’s neo-liberal economic policies, through re-framing those objections into a larger and more deeply-rooted Canadian historical narrative. A discourse analysis was conducted using the various public education materials produced by major anti-free trade civil society organizations in Canada. The examination of that discourse revealed three major stages in the overall process: First, organizations relied heavily on classic paradigms of an anti-continentalist narrative to reinforce what was different between the two countries creating an us and them paradigm and building a case for Canadian exceptionalism. Second, there was an intensification of the us and them language into a more defined us versus them, or them against us, dichotomy. Third, the anti-free trade movement sought to effectively translate the previously established civic opposition into pragmatic political action in preparation for a national election campaign. The results show that there was an evolution in the ways members of the civil society opposition framed and evolved their arguments in order to turn their “issues” into more of a “crisis.” By employing (and expanding on) discursive tools used within that public narrative to generate fear of the other to validate illusions of self, and to construct believable threats to the collective, the more “micro” discussion over the growing pervasiveness of neo-liberalism took on a hyper-nationalistic and symbolic routine, one that mirrored the iconic political and electoral debates in 1891 and 1911, both of which had also been based upon the potential for free trade with the United States. Most of all, the evidence points to a popular opposition movement against free trade, which not only significantly pre-dated the official political opposition, but in some respects created its message and focus.
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Kinuthia, Wanyee. "“Accumulation by Dispossession” by the Global Extractive Industry: The Case of Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30170.

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This thesis draws on David Harvey’s concept of “accumulation by dispossession” and an international political economy (IPE) approach centred on the institutional arrangements and power structures that privilege certain actors and values, in order to critique current capitalist practices of primitive accumulation by the global corporate extractive industry. The thesis examines how accumulation by dispossession by the global extractive industry is facilitated by the “free entry” or “free mining” principle. It does so by focusing on Canada as a leader in the global extractive industry and the spread of this country’s mining laws to other countries – in other words, the transnationalisation of norms in the global extractive industry – so as to maintain a consistent and familiar operating environment for Canadian extractive companies. The transnationalisation of norms is further promoted by key international institutions such as the World Bank, which is also the world’s largest development lender and also plays a key role in shaping the regulations that govern natural resource extraction. The thesis briefly investigates some Canadian examples of resource extraction projects, in order to demonstrate the weaknesses of Canadian mining laws, particularly the lack of protection of landowners’ rights under the free entry system and the subsequent need for “free, prior and informed consent” (FPIC). The thesis also considers some of the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the right to FPIC. These challenges include embedded institutional structures like the free entry mining system, international political economy (IPE) as shaped by international institutions and powerful corporations, as well as concerns regarding ‘local’ power structures or the legitimacy of representatives of communities affected by extractive projects. The thesis concludes that in order for Canada to be truly recognized as a leader in the global extractive industry, it must establish legal norms domestically to ensure that Canadian mining companies and residents can be held accountable when there is evidence of environmental and/or human rights violations associated with the activities of Canadian mining companies abroad. The thesis also concludes that Canada needs to address underlying structural issues such as the free entry mining system and implement FPIC, in order to curb “accumulation by dispossession” by the extractive industry, both domestically and abroad.
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Tomek, Prokop. "Československá redakce Radio Free Europe: historie a vliv na československé dějiny." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-326941.

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The disertation is focused on development and importance of the Czechoslovak desk of the Radio Free Europe in period between 1950 and 1994. This broadcasting have gained in time of strong censorship significant and till now unresearched importance. In February 1948 the Communist party took power in the Czechoslovakia. After that Czech and Slovak democratic politicians had left country to the West. They wanted to break the isolation of people living behind the Iron Curtain and promote restoration of democracy in their homeland. In 1949 was in the USA established the National Committee for Free Europe as fomally independent citizens association. As its most known activity had became the Radio Free Europe (RFE). This radio station had became an important tool for political strugle between two blocks in time of the Cold War. The basic qestion is what real position RFE broadcasting have reached in this struggle. The estabilishing of foreign broadcasting to the Czechoslovakia was very difficult task. RFE started its activity as exiles platform for purpose of liberation the Czechoslovakia from rule of the Communistic Party regime. The programming position of the RFE was in reality influented by american politicians and was depending on changing global political conditions as well. The unique position of...
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Books on the topic "National Committee for Free Europe"

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Nobles and nation in Central Europe: Free imperial knights in the Age of Revolution, 1750-1850. Cambtidge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

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2

United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Europe and Eurasia. Overview of security issues in Europe and Eurasia: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Europe and Eurasia of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, first session, May 5, 2011. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2011.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Europe and the Middle East., ed. Arms control in Europe: Hearing before the Subcommittees on Arms Control, International Security and Science, and on Europe and the Middle East of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, first session, May 17, 1989. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1989.

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Europe, Canada Parliament House of Commons Sub-Committee on Human Rights in Eastern. Minutes of proceedings and evidence of the Sub-Committee on Human Rights in Eastern Europe of the Standing Committee on External Affairs and National Defence. Ottawa: Queen's Printer, 1985.

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Disability access in the national park system: Oversight hearing before the Subcommittee on National Parks of the Committee on Resources, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Ninth Congress, second session, Thursday, May 11, 2006. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2006.

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Warsaw Treaty Organization. Political Consultative Committee. For a stable and secure Europe: Session of the Political Consultative Committee of the states party to the Warsaw Treaty held in Bucharest on 7 and 8 July 1989. Dresden: Verlag Zeit im Bild, 1989.

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Affairs, United States Congress House Committee on Foreign. Palau Compact of Free Association Act: Report of the Committee on Foreign Affairs on H.J. Res. 626 (including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office). [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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), United States Congress House Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Europe (2007. Do the United States and Europe need a missile defense system?: Joint hearing before the Subcommittee on Europe and the Subcommittee on Terrorism, Nonproliferation, and Trade of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, May 3, 2007. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2007.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on European Affairs. Crisis of will in the Warsaw Pact: Hearing before the Subcommittee on European Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, Ninety-ninth Congress, first session on U.S. policy toward East Europe, West Europe, and the Soviet Union, September 19, 1985. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Europe (2007- ). Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty and Voice of America: Soft power and the free flow of information : hearing before the Subcommittee on Europe of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, first session, July 23, 2009. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "National Committee for Free Europe"

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Hofmann, Rainer. "Declarations to the Council of Europe Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities: Practice of the Advisory Committee." In Reservations to Human Rights Treaties and the Vienna Convention Regime, 133–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-6019-5_7.

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Hohnerlein, Eva Maria. "Healthcare Without Frontiers and National Control Through Prior Authorisation Schemes in Europe – Legal Framework and Practical Implications." In Unionsbürgerschaft und Patientenfreizügigkeit Citoyenneté Européenne et Libre Circulation des Patients EU Citizenship and Free Movement of Patients, 253–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41311-7_21.

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Nastase, Pusa. "Drivers for Internationalization in Georgian Higher Education." In European Higher Education Area: Challenges for a New Decade, 91–104. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56316-5_7.

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Abstract Internationalization of higher education has been on the rise almost everywhere in Europe for the past two decades, from countries like the United Kingdom that have put higher education at the heart of their export strategy (An overview of the higher education exports and their value to the United Kingdom economy is provided by the debate on 19 July 2018 in the House of Lords available at https://lordslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/lln-2018-0079/.) to countries in Eastern Europe which are relatively active in student mobility but less internationalized in other areas (faculty profiles, research outputs, institutional expansion abroad). However, as a result of many factors, including an unprecedented number of European students benefitting from free and quality higher education available in other countries, and the strengthening of economic nationalism, we see a refocus in internationalization in many Western countries. This study investigates the drivers of internationalization in Georgian universities. Data was collected through interviews with Georgian ministry officials, heads of governmental agencies, rectors and faculty from Georgian universities in addition to documents and web sites analysis. This study presents an insight into national, institutional and individual drivers for internationalization in Georgia and the challenges experienced.
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Keating, Michael. "Economic Union." In State and Nation in the United Kingdom, 133–52. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198841371.003.0008.

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Unionism has stressed the benefits of economic union but this is an elusive concept. The United Kingdom was formed as part of a wider imperial market, committed historically to global free trade, not as a national market. Only from the 1930s did a closed national market and national development strategy emerge. From the 1970s, the UK formed part of the wider European market. Policies for territorial cohesion were introduced in the 1930s and greatly expanded in the 1960s, but from the 1980s these were largely abandoned in favour of a laissez-faire approach. The UK now has some of the largest territorial disparities in Europe. The 1999 settlement devolved most of the regional development powers to Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The recent re-commitment to regional development on the part of the UK Government has not been accompanied by measures on the scale of those deployed in the 1970s.
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"8 “We can only buy their time …” – Free Europe Committee and ACEN." In Voice of the Silenced Peoples in the Global Cold War, 291–320. De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110661002-012.

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"The Advisory Committee of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities and Equality Promotion." In Minority Integration in Central Eastern Europe, 79–102. Brill | Rodopi, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789042027343_005.

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Tilmann, Winfried. "Renewal fees." In Unified Patent Protection in Europe: A Commentary. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755463.003.0016.

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The renewal fees according to Art 11 are therefore collectivized national fees. The provisions of Arts 9–13 EPUE Reg prevent the PMSs from establishing and imposing national fees for EPUEs. Both must be effected jointly and uniformly for all PMSs in the Select Committee. When establishing the renewal fees and the additional fees, the Select Committee availed itself of the model in Rule 51 EPC Implementing Regs (for EPO renewal fees) in Rule 13 RUPR. It has done so in Rule 13 RUPR, partly by explicit provisions (paras 1–5), partly in the form of a referral (para 6).
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Belova, Irina. "‘Human waves’: refugees in Russia, 1914–18." In Europe on the Move. Manchester University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781784994419.003.0005.

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Mass population displacement in Russia began at the very outset of war. People left their homes to evade enemy invasion, but the Russian army also targeted subjects of the Tsar who were suspected of cooperating with the enemy and resettled them in the Russian interior. German and Jewish subjects were disproportionately affected by this policy. The Tsarist state struggled to come to terms with the mass displacement, but finally articulated a policy towards refugees at the end of August 1915 by giving a new Special Council for Refugees overall responsibility for managing the refugee crisis. Local welfare provision became the responsibility of provincial governors. Local authorities played an important role, but refugees relied heavily upon the semi-official Tatiana committee, private philanthropy, religious communities and new national committees.. Social and political upheaval in 1917 created new structures of authority, complicating the process of repatriation. This chapter draws on Russian archives and refugees’ memoirs to trace the contours of the refugee crisis in Russia’s provinces.
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Wright, Chris. "The regulation of European labour mobility: National policy responses to the free movement of labour transition arrangements of recent EU enlargements." In Migration Waves in Eastern Europe [1990-2015], 215–36. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845279398-215.

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Mühlendahl, Alexander, Dimitris Botis, Spyros Maniatis, and Imogen Wiseman. "Parallel Imports." In Trade Mark Law in Europe. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198726050.003.0010.

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Free movement of goods, one of the ‘four freedoms’ together with free movement of persons, services, and capital covered in the Treaties, is a fundamental principle with two purposes. The first is purely economic; a customs union and common market comprising individual Member States cannot be established unless goods from all the Member States are sold freely and compete effectively in all the Member States. The second is political, if there is to be a single common market then goods must flow freely within its borders. The effect of national measures that block the importation of goods from one Member State to another, make their marketing more difficult, or raise their price, is the distortion of the free flow of goods and competition. Inevitably, in a single market such measures have to be eliminated.
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Conference papers on the topic "National Committee for Free Europe"

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Tohidi, Y., and M. R. Hesamzadeh. "Free riding effect in multi-national transmission expansion planning." In 2013 4th IEEE/PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe (ISGT EUROPE). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isgteurope.2013.6695419.

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Kord, Ahmed, and Andrea Alu. "Magnet-Free Circulators Based on Linear Time-Varying Circuits." In 2019 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/usnc-ursi-nrsm.2019.8712984.

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Díez-Izquierdo, Ana, Cristina Lidón-Moyano, Juan Carlos Martín-Sánchez, Nuria Matilla-Santander, Pia Cassanello-Peñarroya, Albert Balaguer, and Jose M. Martínez-Sánchez. "OC-12 Voluntary adoption of smoke-free homes and attitudes towards extending the ban in vehicles carrying children in spain (2016)." In 8th Europaediatrics Congress jointly held with, The 13th National Congress of Romanian Pediatrics Society, 7–10 June 2017, Palace of Parliament, Romania, Paediatrics building bridges across Europe. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2017-313273.12.

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Tart, Rupert G. "Roads, Pads, and Access Along Gravel Free Pipeline Routes." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64103.

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In many of the major oil and gas fields in the North American Arctic, gravel is abundant and close to the production fields and the pipeline routes. In many other Arctic areas in Europe and Asia, gravel is almost non-existent. As new fields are being developed, gravel free areas are being encountered in more areas such as the National Petroleum Reserve Alaska (NPRA) and many of the Russian oil fields west and east of the Ural Mountains and into the Yamal Peninsula. Without free draining gravel, access and development of these new fields becomes more costly, more schedule sensitive, and more complicated. This paper looks at options for roads, pads, and access for developing the oil fields and building and operating the pipelines in areas where gravel deposits are sparse. Some of the options that are discussed and evaluated are using: 1. Additives to increase the strength of available fine-grained materials. 2. Ice and snow pads and roads. 3. Seasonal scheduling of construction. 4. Various road and pad surfacing options including: a) Year-around ice pads, b) Concrete pads and pavements, and c) Mats constructed of various materials. 5. Dredging and draining to obtain available sandy materials from waterways. 6. Geofabrics to contain ice rich materials placed in winter. 7. Methods for maintaining the thermal state of winter placed embankment.
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Ciotti, Marco, Jorge L. Manzano, Vladimir Kuznetsov, Galina Fesenko, Luisa Ferroni, and Fabio Giannetti. "Scenario Analysis on the Benefits of Multi-National Cooperation for the Development of a Common Nuclear Energy System Based on PWR and LFR Fleets." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-31012.

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Financial aspects, environmental concerns and non-favorable public opinion are strongly conditioning the deployment of new Nuclear Energy Systems across Europe. Nevertheless, new possibilities are emerging to render competitive electricity from Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) owing to two factors: the first one, which is the fast growth of High Voltage lines interconnecting the European countries’ national electrical grids, this process being triggered by huge increase of the installed intermittent renewable electricity sources (Wind and PV); and the second one, determined by the carbon-free constraints imposed on the base load electricity generation. The countries that due to public opinion pressure can’t build new NPPs on their territory may find it profitable to produce base load nuclear electricity abroad, even at long distances, in order to comply with the European dispositions on the limitation of the CO2 emissions. In this study the benefits from operating at multinational level with the deployment of a fleet of PWRs and subsequently, at a proper time, the one of Lead Fast Reactors (LFRs) are analyzed. The analysis performed involves Italy (a country with a current moratorium on nuclear power on spite that its biggest utility operates NPPs abroad), and the countries from South East and Central East Europe potentially looking for introduction or expansion of their nuclear power programmes. According to the predicted evolution of their Gross Domestic Product (GDP) a forecast of the electricity consumption evolution for the present century is derived with the assumption that a certain fraction of it will be covered by nuclear electricity. In this context, evaluated are material balances for the front and the back end of nuclear fuel cycle associated with the installed nuclear capacity. A key element of the analysis is the particular type of LFR assumed in the scenario, characterized by having a fuel cycle where only fission products and the reprocessing losses are sent for disposition and natural or depleted uranium is added to fuel in each reprocessing cycle. Such LFR could be referred to as “adiabatic reactor”. Owing to introduction of such reactors a substantive reduction in uranium consumption and final disposal requirements can be achieved. Finally, the impacts of the LFR and the economy of scale in nuclear fuel cycle on the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) are being evaluated, for scaling up from a national to a multinational dimension, illustrating the benefits potentially achievable through cooperation among countries.
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Delle Site, Corrado, Emanuele Artenio, Gennaro Sepede, Matteo Chini, and Francesco Giacobbe. "Codes and Standards for Managing Degradation of Boilers in Service." In ASME 2020 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2020-21612.

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Abstract Degradation of pressure equipment is becoming an important issue due to increasing asset service time in process and power plants across Europe. For this reason it is important to assess life consumption of these assets to avoid catastrophic failures. Therefore it is necessary to refer to national/international normative on this subject. At present time the Italian thermotechnical committee (CTI) has drawn up a comprehensive set of norms which help the user to set up an inspection plan to investigate and assess degradation of pressure vessels and boilers. In the first part of this paper creep damage of Steam Generators is analyzed. For this purpose results of INAIL (Istituto Nazionale per l’ Assicurazione contro gli Infortuni sul Lavoro) database of steam boilers with 100’000 service hours or more is illustrated. Critical components are identified with reference to materials, geometry and operating parameters (pressure, temperature and time). At the end of the design life cycle, components of pressure equipment operated in creep regime must subjected to specific checks to estimate their residual life and the suitability for further use in safety conditions. The procedure allows to define reinspection intervals keeping acceptable the risk associated with the further use of the component related to creep even in evidence of defects in progress. The first check must be performed after 100,000 hours of effective use. Then, residual life evaluations must be repeated according to period of time that are defined as function of the results of all the checks carried out. In the second part of this paper boiler degradation is discussed with reference to NDT results and in-field inspection campaigns which are carried out traditionally after 45 years of service time, to minimize the risk of pressure components failures. In this paper results of different case studies are discussed with reference to degradation mechanisms and applicable standards.
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YEŞİLBURSA, Behçet Kemal. "THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN TURKEY (1908-1980)." In 9. Uluslararası Atatürk Kongresi. Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Yayınları, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51824/978-975-17-4794-5.08.

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Political parties started to be established in Turkey in the second half of the 19th century with the formation of societies aiming at the reform of the Ottoman Empire. They reaped the fruits of their labour in 1908 when the Young Turk Revolution replaced the Sultan with the Committee of Union and Progress, which disbanded itself on the defeat of the Empire in 1918. Following the proclamation of the Republic in 1923, new parties started to be formed, but experiments with a multi-party system were soon abandoned in favour of a one-party system. From 1930 until the end of the Second World War, the People’s Republican Party (PRP) was the only political party. It was not until after the Second World War that Turkey reverted to a multiparty system. The most significant new parties were the Democrat Party (DP), formed on 7 January 1946, and the Nation Party (NP) formed on 20 July 1948, after a spilt in the DP. However, as a result of the coup of 27 May 1960, the military Government, the Committee of National Union (CNU), declared its intentions of seizing power, restoring rights and privileges infringed by the Democrats, and drawing up a new Constitution, to be brought into being by a free election. In January 1961, the CNU relaxed its initial ban on all political activities, and within a month eleven new parties were formed, in addition to the already established parties. The most important of the new parties were the Justice Party (JP) and New Turkey Party (NTP), which competed with each other for the DP’s electoral support. In the general election of October 1961, the PRP’s failure to win an absolute majority resulted in four coalition Governments, until the elections in October 1965. The General Election of October 1965 returned the JP to power with a clear, overall majority. The poor performance of almost all the minor parties led to the virtual establishment of a two-party system. Neither the JP nor the PRP were, however, completely united. With the General Election of October 1969, the JP was returned to office, although with a reduced share of the vote. The position of the minor parties declined still further. Demirel resigned on 12 March 1971 after receiving a memorandum from the Armed Forces Commanders threatening to take direct control of the country. Thus, an “above-party” Government was formed to restore law and order and carry out reforms in keeping with the policies and ideals of Atatürk. In March 1973, the “above-party” Melen Government resigned, partly because Parliament rejected the military candidate, General Gürler, whom it had supported in the Presidential Elections of March-April 1973. This rejection represented the determination of Parliament not to accept the dictates of the Armed Forces. On 15 April, a new “above party” government was formed by Naim Talu. The fundamental dilemma of Turkish politics was that democracy impeded reform. The democratic process tended to return conservative parties (such as the Democrat and Justice Parties) to power, with the support of the traditional Islamic sectors of Turkish society, which in turn resulted in the frustration of the demands for reform of a powerful minority, including the intellectuals, the Armed Forces and the newly purged PRP. In the last half of the 20th century, this conflict resulted in two periods of military intervention, two direct and one indirect, to secure reform and to quell the disorder resulting from the lack of it. This paper examines the historical development of the Turkish party system, and the factors which have contributed to breakdowns in multiparty democracy.
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