To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: National Council for Tertiary Education (Ghana).
Journal articles on the topic 'National Council for Tertiary Education (Ghana)'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'National Council for Tertiary Education (Ghana).'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Newman, Emmanuel. "Budgeting and Fund Allocation in Higher Education in Ghana." Journal of Education and Vocational Research 4, no. 9 (September 30, 2013): 275–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jevr.v4i9.131.
Full textAbstract:
The National Council for Tertiary Education (NCTE) the coordinating body for tertiary education in Ghana) and the Ministry of Education established norms in the early 1990s to assist higher education institutions in planning and ensuring efficiency of their operations and foster performance monitoring and evaluation. The norms also serve as standardised input factors for budgeting and allocation of public funds for higher education. During the past years, budgetary allocation to higher education institutions for recurrent expenditure has fallen short of the norm-based costs. Indeed, the difference between the normbased costs of university education and resources made available to the institutions by the Government were 28.9% in 2005/06 and 23.4% in 2009/10. The consequence of the inability of the state to provide funds to meet the norm-based costs of higher education is the breakdown of norm-based budgeting which was instituted in the early 1990s and a reversion to incremental and ad-hoc budgeting without due regard to the volume of activities performed by the institutions. This development has had grave consequences for equity and efficiency in fund management in higher education. This work assesses the factors behind the discontinuance of the norm-based budgeting approach and the use of the incremental budgeting approaches in higher education in Ghana.
2
Dassah, Damanko, and Peter Yelletuo. "IMPACT OF NATIONAL TEACHERS’ STANDARDS ON QUALITY AND EFFECTIVE EDUCATION DELIVERY." African Journal of Education and Practice 8, no. 4 (July 19, 2022): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ajep.1575.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: The study focused on the impact of the National Teachers’ Standards on quality and effective education delivery.
Methodology: The study adopted a mixed methods approach. In all, 20 tutors and 500 students were selected from 10 Colleges of Education in the Northern part of Ghana using purposive and quota sampling procedures. Data were collected using questionnaire and semi-structured interview guide. Quantitative data were analysed using mean and standard deviation while the qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis.
Findings: The results showed that the student-teachers explained concepts clearly using examples familiar to learners, employed a variety of instructional strategies that encourages learner participation and critical thinking and paid attention to all learners, especially girls and students with Special Educational Needs, created a safe, encouraging learning environment and used appropriate disciplinary methods in the classroom. From the results, it was concluded that that the student-teachers were positively impacted by the National Teachers’ Standards in their teaching practices.
Unique Contributions to Theory, Practice and Policy: Tutors in Colleges of Education increase their training of student-teachers in terms of keeping of records about learners since this found to be an area that needed improvement. Ghana Tertiary Education Commission together with the National Teachers’ Council should encourage and ensure that Colleges of Education are implementing the National Teachers’ Standards effectively to better prepare student-teachers. Future researchers can adopt the Reform Theory of Action as used in the current study and use the findings of the current study as support for the theory.
3
Esia-Donkoh, Kweku. "Differences in Leadership Styles of Principals in Public Colleges of Education in Ghana Based on their Personal Characteristics." Research Journal of Education, no. 56 (June 15, 2019): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/rje.56.78.85.
Full textAbstract:
The study investigated the differences in leadership styles exhibited by principals of public Colleges of Education in Ghana in relation to their sex, age, years of work experience, and academic qualification. The cross-sectional survey design was adopted for the study. The target population was made up of all 46 principals of public Colleges of Education in Ghana. The target population consisted of all 38 public Colleges of Education which were in existence before the absorption of eight private Colleges of Education by the government of Ghana into public system. The purposive sampling technique was used to select 38 principals for the study. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire developed by Bass and Avolio (2004) was adapted to collect data. Means, standard deviations, t-test and ANOVA were used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that there were no statistically significant differences in the leadership styles of the principals of public Colleges of Education in Ghana based on their sex, age, and academic qualification. However, there were statistically significant differences in the leadership styles adopted by the principals in relation to their years of work experience. It was therefore concluded that many years of experience of principals of public CoEs in Ghana is critical for good leadership in these colleges. Among the recommendations was that the National Council for Tertiary Education (NCTE) should consider years of work experience in the selection and appointment of principals for public Colleges of Education in Ghana. Additionally, in-service training and refresher courses should be organized regularly by NCTE for principals on the leadership styles suitable for achievement of objectives and goals of their colleges.
4
Ayam, Justice Ray Achoanya. "Reforming the Public Universities Financing Scheme: The Case of Ghana’s Higher Education Transformation Agenda." Ghana Journal of Education: Issues and Practice (GJE) 5 (December 1, 2019): 49–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.47963/gje.v5i.290.
Full textAbstract:
Public higher education institutions in Ghana are confronted with unending financing constrains every academic year thus affecting the financial health of these institutions. The financial sustainability of these institutions has become increasingly critical due to the persistent reported funding gaps and the weak funding allocation regime. Countries the world over have begun implementing reform programmes to deal with issues of financial sustainability of higher education. The study employed quantitative research methodology with a well-validated research instrument. This correlational study attempts to measure the relationship between the financing scheme variables and financial sustainability. The outcome of the study revealed that there was statistically significant relationship between the combined effects of the variables while three variables out of the seven were found to be significant in predicting best fit equation for financial sustainability. The study recommends to the Ministry of Education (MOE) and the National Council for Tertiary Education (NCTE), a review of the funding policy direction with a precise focus on addressing Ghana’s higher education infrastructural deficit, skills gap, improving research, science and technology.
5
Ayam, Justice Ray Achoanya. "Reforming the Public Universities Financing Scheme: The Case of Ghana’s Higher Education Transformation Agenda." Ghana Journal of Education: Issues and Practice (GJE) 5 (December 1, 2019): 49–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.47963/gje.v5i.290.
Full textAbstract:
Public higher education institutions in Ghana are confronted with unending financing constrains every academic year thus affecting the financial health of these institutions. The financial sustainability of these institutions has become increasingly critical due to the persistent reported funding gaps and the weak funding allocation regime. Countries the world over have begun implementing reform programmes to deal with issues of financial sustainability of higher education. The study employed quantitative research methodology with a well-validated research instrument. This correlational study attempts to measure the relationship between the financing scheme variables and financial sustainability. The outcome of the study revealed that there was statistically significant relationship between the combined effects of the variables while three variables out of the seven were found to be significant in predicting best fit equation for financial sustainability. The study recommends to the Ministry of Education (MOE) and the National Council for Tertiary Education (NCTE), a review of the funding policy direction with a precise focus on addressing Ghana’s higher education infrastructural deficit, skills gap, improving research, science and technology.
6
Amuzu-Kpeglo, A. "Polytechnic education in Ghana: Career opportunities." Journal of Educational Management 2 (November 1, 1999): 148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47963/jem.v2i.362.
Full textAbstract:
This paper begins with the optimism that the importance of the Polytechnic institution in tertiary education and its role in national development is now seriously unfolding. At the very inception of the Polytechnic and the Workers College in the First Republic, the founding fathers meant very well for the two types of educational institutions. But the best the Polytechnic could achieve in that era was to operate essentially in training students in specific trades and vocations to the City & Guilds Certificate level.
7
Obu, Raphael Nyarkotey, and Lawrencia Aggrey Bluwey. "Comparing the herbal and naturopathic medicine curricula in Ghanaian tertiary education: A commentary." Journal of Preventive Medicine and Holistic Health 8, no. 2 (January 15, 2023): 91–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.jpmhh.2022.018.
Full textAbstract:
About 80% of Ghanaians rely on Traditional, Complementary, and Alternative Medicines for their health needs. However, Complementary and Alternative Medicine was not factored into Act 575 in 2000. The government of Ghana has nonetheless taken some steps to provide recognition for CAM with ministerial directives. To date, no tertiary program exists in Ghana to train experts in Complementary and Alternative Medicine, unlike Herbal Medicine. In 2021, the Nyarkotey University College of Holistic Medicine provided a roadmap in this area. The first National Occupational Standard was further developed at the Higher National Diploma (HND) and Bachelor in Naturopathy and Holistic Medicine approved by the Commission for Technical and Vocational Education and Training (CTVET) for training Naturopaths. This paper compares the Herbal Medicine and Naturopathy curricula in Ghana.
8
Wiggins, Trevor. "Teaching Culture: Thoughts from Northern Ghana." British Journal of Music Education 15, no. 2 (July 1998): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265051700009359.
Full textAbstract:
This article considers ideas and issues raised by an examination of the function of education, particularly music education in Ghana. There are many musical traditions in Ghana that the people want to pass on to the younger generation. How are these to be taught or learned? Where are the duties and boundaries of formal education to be drawn? What can be expected of parents and family? What is the situation for the teacher, given that few teachers return to their native area after training at a centralised institution? The article is based around an interview with the Paramount Chief (Naa) Puoure Puobe Chiir VII of Nandom in the Upper West Region of Ghana. He is one of twenty-five members of the National Council of State of Ghana (a non-elected Upper Chamber) and, as mentioned in the interview, vice-president of the National House of Chiefs and Chairman of its Research Committee.
9
Dii, Christian Tsaro. "Streamlining civil - military education for national development in Nigeria." International Journal of Development and Management Review 17, no. 1 (June 14, 2022): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijdmr.v17i1.2.
Full textAbstract:
The National Policy on Education in Nigeria defined tertiary education as the education given after secondary education. By that definition, all professional military training education in the country are tertiary education being post-secondary education. However, despite the rigorous, systematic and methodical trainings offered by military personnel, their certificates are not recognized as tertiary education certificates outside the military and as such retired personnel found themselves unemployable after military career and unable to participate in any meaningful national development activities. Using a qualitative research approach based primarily on social constructivism perspective, this paper sets out to investigate how to achieve equivalence between military training and civil tertiary education certificates to enhance national development in Nigeria. The basic assumption of the paper was that without integrating military and civil education certificates, retired military personnel cannot contribute to national development which constitutes colossal waste of highly trained human resources in the country. The findings showed that all military training courses’ certificates can be recognized if the military authorities will initiate the procedures of getting their training curriculum adjusted and discussed at the National Council on Education. The paper recommended that the Office of the Chief of Defence Staff should initiate the engagement of all relevant stakeholders to discuss military training curriculum and seek the accreditation of all the courses accordingly.
10
Budu, Kenneth Wilson Adjei, Mu Yinping, and Kingsford Kissi Mireku. "Investigating The Effect of Behavioral Intention on E-learning Systems Usage: Empirical Study on Tertiary Education Institutions in Ghana." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 9, no. 3 (May 1, 2018): 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mjss-2018-0062.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The objective of the study aimed at assessing the relationship that exists between antecedents of behavioral intentions, and how they impact on the usage of E-learning systems in tertiary institutions in Ghana. Empirical data for the study was obtained through a survey from 237 respondents made up of; governing council members, school management members, faculty members, ICT department staff and students from five tertiary education institutions in Ghana. The study developed an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by incorporating an external variable, self-efficacy. The hypothesized model was examined using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLSSEM) technique using Smart PLS version 12 software. The paper argues that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and self-efficacy influenced individual’s behavioral intentions to utilize E-learning systems. However, the findings confirm that, through the mediating role of individuals’ behavioral intention to use, self-efficacy is the most influential factor that affects individual’s behavioral intentions to utilize E-learning systems in Ghana’s tertiary education institutions, relative to perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. This result implies that self-efficacy is the main behavioral intention factor in determining E-learning system utilization, in Ghana’s tertiary education context. This study satisfies or fills an E-learning utilization literature shortfall by the extension of the Technological Acceptance Model (TAM) to investigate antecedents of behavioral intentions and their impact on E-learning systems usage among tertiary education institutions. Also, the study demonstrates the importance of behavioral intention-to-use as playing a full mediating role between self-efficacy and E-learning system usage.
11
Boakye, Paul Acheampong, and Daniel Béland. "Actors, bricolage, and translation in education policy: a case study from Ghana." Journal of Modern African Studies 60, no. 3 (September 2022): 323–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x22000192.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractDue to the centrality of education to economic growth and social development, successive governments in post-colonial Ghana have implemented policies to improve the quality of education in the country. In line with this, Ghana embarked on its first major education reform in 1987 under the Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC) government. While several studies have been conducted to explain this reform, these studies have largely been descriptive and theoretically, have over relied on the conditionality thesis. Our study draws on ideational literature and research interviews to offer an alternative explanation of the 1987 reform. Drawing extensively on the ideational concepts of bricolage and translation and focusing on the actors using these two mechanisms, the study argues that, while exogenous forces did impact the 1987 reform, it was mainly driven by endogenous factors featuring both path dependent and departing changes.
12
Dampson, Dandy George. "Emotional Intelligence of Headteachers in the Senior High Schools in Ghana: A Conundrum?" Journal of Education and Culture Studies 5, no. 3 (June 25, 2021): p27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jecs.v5n3p27.
Full textAbstract:
The study employed the explanatory sequential mixed methods design where quantitative and qualitative data sets were collected to address the research problem. Two hundred and sixty-two (262) headteachers were sampled randomly from the Central and Greater Accra regions of Ghana for the quantitative phase of the study whilst eight (8) headteachers were subsequently sampled purposively for the qualitative phase of the study. The quantitative data were analyzed using means and standards deviations whilst the qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. The study found that the emotional intelligence of the headteachers was low. The study further established that the academic qualification of the headteachers was not a significant predictor of their Emotional Intelligence (EI). However, the gender and age of the headteachers predicted their EI significantly. It was concluded the EI level of the headteachers may affect how they lead and manage their respective schools. It is recommended that periodic pragmatic and purposeful in-service and workshops in EI should be provided for headteachers in the study area by the Metro Directorate of Education. Furthermore, the Circuit Supervisors, Metro Directors and the Ghana Education Service should liaise with the Ghana Psychological Council to provide psychological support for the headteachers in the Senior High Schools within the study area. Finally, the Ministry of Education through the Ghana Tertiary Education Commission should ensure that teacher education programmes that are offered in the institutions of higher learning in Ghana have contents in the area of emotional intelligence and educational leadership to equip headteacher in the management of their schools.
13
BOAKYE, Peter, and Kwame Osei KWARTENG. "Education for Nation Building: The Vision of Osagyefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah for University Education in the Early Stages of Self-Government and Independence in Ghana." Abibisem: Journal of African Culture and Civilization 7 (December 5, 2018): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47963/ajacc.v7i0.38.
Full textAbstract:
The Gold Coast was renamed Ghana by the political leadership on the attainment of Independence. But before 1957, Osagyefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah had become Prime Minister of the Gold Coast in 1952, and by this arrangement ruled alongside the British Colonial Governor. Osagyefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah set out to rebuild the new nation, and by doing so, Education, especially University Education, became a significant tool for the realization of such an objective. He, and the Convention People’s Party (CPP) Government saw education as “the keystone of people’s life and happiness.’’1 Thus, Osagyefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah wanted the University Colleges in the Gold Coast to train intellectuals capable of combining both theory and practice as well as use their energies to assist in the task of national reconstruction.2 This explains why Osagyefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah clearly spelt out the visions of University Education in Ghana. This paper, which is multi-sourced, uses archival documents, newspapers, interviews and scholarly secondary works such as articles, book chapters and books to examine the visions of Osagyefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah for University Education in the early stages of self-government and independence in Ghana. The paper particularly focuses on measures adopted by the first Prime Minister of Ghana such as establishment of an International Commission on University Education (ICUE), making the existing University Colleges independent, the rationale for setting up the University College of Cape Coast (UCCC), the Africanization of the University staff, establishment of the Institute of African Studies and the formation of the National Council for Higher Education to transform the University Colleges to reflect the needs and aspirations of Ghanaians.
_________________________________________
1 H. O. A. McWilliam, & M. A. Kwamena-Poh, The Development of Education in Ghana. (London: Longman Group Ltd., 1975), 83.
2 Samuel Obeng, Selected Speeches of Kwame Nkrumah, Vol. 1 (Accra: Aframs Publication Ltd., 1997), 74.
14
Manyaga, Timothy. "Standards to assure quality in tertiary education: the case of Tanzania." Quality Assurance in Education 16, no. 2 (April 25, 2008): 164–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09684880810868448.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide information on development of standards in Tanzania which may be of help to training providers in other countries as they seek to improve the quality and standards of their provision.Design/methodology/approachThe need to provide quality assured tertiary qualifications in Tanzania to win both national and international recognition is explained. Processes of registration of institutions capable of delivering training programmes adequately and accreditation of the same to offer awards at appropriate levels as a means to ensure quality of provision are explored. Standards of good practice in Tanzanian tertiary education are surveyed and the challenges to their achievement are discussed based on the author's direct experience in Tanzania. Relevant and recent literatures on the topic are surveyed and some lessons drawn.FindingsAccreditation standards are useful in instilling best practices in education and training. However, education and training institutions need to understand and practice them over a period of time to bring about expected results. It is concluded that ensuring quality in education is a multifaceted phenomenon that calls for the joint efforts of all key stakeholders.Originality/valueThe paper illustrates that the National Council for Technical Education is one of the first regulatory bodies in Africa to introduce academic quality standards in tertiary technical institutions. Notable improvements have been recorded since its inception. The experience described is the paper is not very common, so other countries taking similar steps may find it useful.
15
Mensah, Eric, and Martin Owusu. "Teachers’ Curriculum Knowledge in Teaching Christian Religious Studies among Senior High Schools of the Greater Accra Region of Ghana." East African Journal of Education and Social Sciences 3, no. 4 (September 23, 2022): 126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/eajess.v3i4.204.
Full textAbstract:
The study sought to investigate on teachers’ curriculum knowledge in teaching Christian Religious Studies among Senior High Schools of the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. The population of the study was CRS teachers in Senior high schools in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Through census sampling approach, all teachers of CRS were involved in filling the questionnaire. Analysis of data was done through descriptive statistics. The study established that teachers of CRS had high knowledge about the rationale of teaching CRS. It was also found that teachers of CRS had high knowledge of the aims of teaching CRS. It is therefore recommended that Universities that are mandated to train teachers of CRS in Ghana should include courses like curriculum studies in CRS emphasis, the rationale (philosophy and logic) and aims for the subject. This would ensure that teachers who teach CRS have adequate knowledge and the rationale and aims for teaching the subject. The Ghana Education Service (GES) in collaboration with the National Council for Curriculum and Assessment (NaCCA) should organise regular in-service trainings for the teachers of CRS.
16
Ogunka, Ogunka, Richard Iheanyichukwu, and Dr Ijeoma M. Opara. "Application of Generalizability Theory in Estimating Dependability of Public Examination Essay Questions in English Language in Rivers State." Cross-Currents: An International Peer-Reviewed Journal on Humanities & Social Sciences 7, no. 4 (May 16, 2021): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.36344/ccijhss.2021.v07i04.006.
Full textAbstract:
The study investigated the application of generalizability theory in estimating dependability of public examination essay questions in English language. The design is ex-post facto and two facet fully crossed G-Study and D- Study. The population was 36,705 senior secondary students. Taro Yamane formula was applied to estimate the sample from the population using multistage sampling procedure, simple random sampling techniques and purposive sampling technique to select 420 senior secondary school students who registered for both West African examination council and National examination council in Rivers Stat. The instruments were West African Examination Council and National Examination Council essay questions papers 2018.The data obtained were analysed using Variance Component; G-Study and D-Study calculated by applying Felaye’s formula. Results showed items variance components contributed high, generalizability coefficient and index of dependability are low 2018 essay questions in English language West African examination council and Students variance components contributed high, generalizability coefficient and index of dependability relatively high in 2018 essay questions in English language conducted by National examination council. Recommendations, public examination bodies should store verified psychometric properties essay questions in English language in their item bank for sales to users, they should create community of data analyst especially with estimation of Generalizability theory. Students should be encouraged by both parents and teachers to study hard, since exit examination are for certification which is a criteria for tertiary institution admission. Test developers should be consistent with syllabus in arranging test items. Raters should be trained on rating skills to maintain rater agreement School administrators and education managers should provide conducive environment and support for conduct of examinations by public examination bodies.
17
Asante, Samuel, and Grace Karikari. "The State of Gerontological Training in Ghana: Implications for a Specialized Workforce and the Aging Population." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 348–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.1353.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The rise in older population in Ghana is accompanied by several challenges that may require trained professionals with specialized knowledge in geriatrics and gerontology to help address. Extensive review of existing literature, however, indicates a lack of comprehensive geriatric focused training in Ghana’s education system. Unfortunately, the scope of this training deficiency, potential impact on the geriatric workforce, as well as the health and wellbeing of the aging population on the national level have not been extensively examined. With the older adult population set to increase over the next few years, the need for geriatric-trained human service professionals in diverse disciplines, including medicine, nursing, psychology, social work and public health has become more pronounced. This paper is a review of the current state of gerontological education in higher institutions in Ghana. Specifically, authors examined (1) current geriatric-focused training programs available to students in all public/government owned institutions, (2) existing national level programs, and policies addressing training deficiencies, and (3) the implications of findings for future geriatric workforce as well as the health and wellbeing of older Ghanaians. The findings call attention to the need for a nationwide geriatric-focused training system and policies aimed at prioritizing specialized care for the older population. Culturally appropriate recommendations for integrating gerontological training and education in tertiary institutions are discussed. Guidelines and standards based on the Academy for Gerontology in Higher Education (AGHE) Competencies for Undergraduate and Graduate Education are proposed.
18
Dampson, Dandy George, and Stephen Kwakye Apau. "The Teacher in the Mirror: The reflective practices of Basic School Teachers in the Central Region of Ghana." Asian Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 2, no. 1 (March 25, 2019): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/ajir1914.
Full textAbstract:
This study assessed the level of reflection among basic school teachers in the Central Region of Ghana. The mixed method paradigm, employing the concurrent parallel design (Quan-qual) was adopted for the study. A total of 312 basic school teachers were involved in the quantitative phase through a systematic sampling technique. Twelve teachers who participated in the quantitative phase of the study were selected randomly for qualitative data collection. A pre-validated Likert-scale questionnaire made up of 29 items was adopted for the quantitative phase of the study. A semi-structured interview guide was designed by the researchers to gather qualitative data from the respondents. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the quantitative data whilst the interview was analysed thematically. The study revealed that even though the reflective practices of basic school teachers are moderate, they are practical, cognitive, learner-centered, meta-cognitive and critical. The study further established that gender, age and teaching experience predict the reflectivity level of the teachers. The study, therefore, recommends that the National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) should make reflection a key component of teacher training curriculum in Ghana. Again, in-service training and periodic workshops should be organised by the Ghana Education Service for teachers to be educated on how they can effectively reflect on their classroom practices in order to maximize students learning.
19
Okorley, Ernest L., Alberta A. Owusu, and Samuel Akuamoah-Boateng. "The willingness of undergraduate students to volunteer for NGO work: a Ghanaian case study." International Journal of Social Economics 44, no. 6 (June 12, 2017): 751–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-10-2015-0284.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Despite the increasing awareness on students’ volunteerism globally, and its potential benefit to national development, there is limited research information on the subject in developing countries including Ghana. The purpose of this paper is to assess the willingness of university undergraduate students in Ghana to volunteer for non-governmental organisation (NGO) work. Design/methodology/approach The research used a quantitative research approach using a descriptive survey design. The data were drawn from a survey of 678 students from the University of Cape Coast, Ghana. Findings The study shows high willingness of university undergraduate students to volunteer for NGO work. The motives relate more to students’ search for understanding of people and their context, values and career enhancement, than for their social, protection and recognition needs. The students are more likely to engage in NGO activities relating to peer education, counselling and environmental protection, than in administrative duties, relief and advocacy. Practical implications The study suggests that there is a great potential for students’ volunteerism in Ghana, and recommends that Ghanaian universities should integrate volunteerism into their curricula to prepare and link students to volunteer opportunities in NGO and the service sectors. Originality/value The case study provides new thought and suggestions on students’ volunteerism to developing countries and Ghana in particular. The evidence and context of likelihood to volunteer among tertiary students are lessons for developing countries with similar context to Ghana.
20
Vine, Josie. "A Belated Submission to the Select Committee on the Future of Public Interest Journalism." Asia Pacific Media Educator 27, no. 2 (October 25, 2017): 187–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1326365x17728829.
Full textAbstract:
Submissions to this year’s Select Committee on the Future of Public Interest Journalism pointed out that journalism tertiary education—students under the guidance of experienced and well-respected journalism practitioners—is in a position to help revive investigative and civic journalism. As Edith Cowan’s Kayt Davies (2014) pointed out as far back as 2014, public interest journalism practised in tertiary journalism programmes could potentially be funded through bodies such as the Australian Research Council (ARC) and the research grants system. Such revenue sources not only transcend the business model but also exist at a relatively acceptable arm’s length from the government. However, research—journalism or otherwise—is ineligible for ARC funding without academic research ethics committee approval. Unfortunately, the process of applying for approval from a committee, whose terms of reference are guided by an academy-approved, government-developed document (i.e., the National Statement), is so offensive to journalistic ideology that it renders the whole concept of public interest journalism in the university sector untenable. This essay examines the National Statement and draws similarities between its values and beliefs and professional journalism ideology (as articulated by the Media Entertainment and Arts Alliance (MEAA), the Australian Press Council, the Dart Centre for Journalism and Trauma and the Hunter Institute for Mental Health). It then explores inbuilt flexibilities in the National Statement that offer journalism as a research methodology, a means of maintaining its independence. It then finishes with an updated survey of how journalism programmes around Australia negotiate the conflict between academic research ethics and professional ideology while engaging in practice-based research. In short, this essay explores options for the revival of public interest journalism that are acceptable to both academy and journalism sensibilities.
21
Bolaji, M. H. A. "Secularism and State Neutrality: The 2015 Muslim Protest of Discrimination in the Public Schools in Ghana." Journal of Religion in Africa 48, no. 1-2 (December 7, 2018): 65–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700666-12340123.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractPluralism is a discernible feature of many modern states. However, among the variants of pluralism, religious pluralism appears to be the most intractable in many modern states because faiths and values underpin the conflicts that are associated with it. As one of the legacies of the Enlightenment, secularism is a normative prescription for managing religious pluralism. Nevertheless, while many African states profess to be secular, more often than not there are no concrete strategies to objectify the secular arrangement thereby provoking questions on the status quo. Such was the case with the 2015 Muslims’ protest of discrimination in the public basic and second cycles schools in Ghana. Through primary (interviews and archival and historical documents) and secondary data, this paper examines the protest in light of the secularist arrangement. It first reviews the contours of the secularist’s lenses. Second, it historicizes Muslim-Christian relations in Ghana. It also analyzes the checkered partnership between the state and the Christian missions in the provision of education. Moreover, it evaluates the debates that ensued and the ambivalent communiqué that the National Peace Council (NPC) issued. The paper concludes with a note that underscores the dynamics and tensions that characterize many plural societies in their attempt to objectify the secularist principle.
22
Kift, Sally. "The decline and demise of the Commonwealth’s strategic investment in quality learning and teaching." Student Success 7, no. 2 (July 24, 2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ssj.v7i2.336.
Full textAbstract:
In May 2016, the Australian Government announced that the funding to be saved from closing the Office for Learning and Teaching (OLT), a branch of the federal Department of Education and Training, would not be redirected to a new National Institute for Learning and Teaching (Milbourne, 2015) as had been promised by (then) Education Minister Christopher Pyne in 2015. This decision has significant ramifications, not only for the quality and competitiveness of Australian higher education, but also for the inevitable long-term impact that withdrawal of strategic investment for systemic change and innovation will have on the nation’s third largest export earner (Universities Australia, 2016). This Invited Feature republishes a statement from Professor Sally Kift, President of the Australian Learning and Teaching Fellows (ALTF) and one of the Editors of Student Success, and is representative of the national reaction to the closure of the Office. It highlights the significant role the OLT and its predecessor bodies (the Carrick Institute and the Australian Learning and Teaching Council [ALTC]) have played, both symbolically and financially, in enabling collaboration and developing and disseminating sector-wide innovation and good practice in tertiary learning and teaching.
23
Narh-Bana, Solomon A., Mary Kawonga, Esnat D. Chirwa, Latifat Ibisomi, Frank Bonsu, and Tobias F. Chirwa. "Fidelity of implementation of TB screening guidelines by health providers at selected HIV clinics in Ghana." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (September 17, 2021): e0257486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257486.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction Tuberculosis screening of people living with human immunodeficiency virus is an intervention recommended by the WHO to control the dual epidemic of TB and HIV. The extent to which the intervention is adhered to by the HIV healthcare providers (fidelity) determines the intervention’s effectiveness as measured by patient outcomes, but literature on fidelity is scarce. This study assessed provider implementation fidelity to national guidelines on TB screening at HIV clinics in Ghana. Methods It was a cross-sectional study that used structured questionnaires to gather data, involving 226 of 243 HIV healthcare providers in 27 HIV clinics across Ghana. The overall fidelity score comprised sixteen items with a maximum score of 48 grouped into three components of the screening intervention (TB diagnosis, TB awareness and TB symptoms questionnaire). Simple summation of item scores was done to determine fidelity score per provider. In this paper, we define the level of fidelity as low if the scores were below the median score and were otherwise categorized as high. Background factors potentially associated with implementation fidelity level were assessed using cluster-based logistic regression. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used as the measure of association. Results Of the 226 healthcare providers interviewed, 60% (135) were females with a mean age of 34.5 years (SD = 8.3). Most of them were clinicians [63% (142)] and had post-secondary non-tertiary education [62% (141)]. Overall, 53% (119) of the healthcare providers were categorized to have implemented the intervention with high fidelity. Also, 56% (126), 53% (120), and 59% (134) of the providers implemented the TB diagnosis, TB awareness and TB symptoms questionnaire components respectively with high fidelity. After adjusting for cluster effect, female providers (AOR = 2.36, 95%CI: 1.09–5.10, p = <0.029), those with tertiary education (AOR = 4.31, 95%CI: 2.12–9.10, p = 0.040), and clinicians (AOR = 1.78, 95%CI: 1.07–3.50, p = 0.045) were more likely to adhere to the guidelines compared to their counterparts. Conclusion The number of providers with fidelity scores above the median was marginally greater (6%) than the number with fidelity score below the median. Similarly, for each of the components, the number of providers with fidelity scores higher than the median was marginally higher. This could explain the existing fluctuations in the intervention outcomes in Ghana. We found gender, profession and education were associated with provider implementation fidelity. To improve fidelity level among HIV healthcare providers, and realize the aims of the TB screening intervention among PLHIV in Ghana, further training on implementing all components of the intervention is critical.
24
Quashie, Peter Kojo, Joe Kimanthi Mutungi, Francis Dzabeng, Daniel Oduro-Mensah, Precious C. Opurum, Kesego Tapela, Aniefiok John Udoakang, et al. "Trends of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody prevalence in selected regions across Ghana." Wellcome Open Research 6 (July 6, 2021): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16890.1.
Full textAbstract:
Background: We set out to estimate the community-level exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Ghana. Methods: Phased seroprevalence studies of 2729 participants at selected locations across Ghana were conducted. Phase I (August 2020) sampled 1305 individuals at major markets/lorry stations, shopping malls, hospitals and research institutions involved in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) work. The study utilized a lateral flow rapid diagnostic test (RDT) which detected IgM and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein. Results: During Phase I, 252/1305 (19%) tested positive for IgM or IgG or both. Exposure was significantly higher at markets/lorry stations (26.9%) compared to malls (9.4%), with 41–60-year group demonstrating highest seropositivity (27.2%). Exposure was higher in participants with no formal education (26.2%) than those with tertiary education (13.1%); and higher in informally employed workers (24.0%) than those in the formal sector (15.0%). Results from phases II and III, in October and December 2020 respectively, implied either reduced transmissions or loss of antibody expression in some participants. The Upper East region showed the lowest seropositivity (2%). Phase IV, in February 2021, showed doubled seropositivity in the upper income bracket (26.2%) since August 2020, reflective of Ghana’s second wave of symptomatic COVID-19 cases. This suggested that high transmission rates had overcome the initial socioeconomic stratification of exposure risk. Reflective of second wave hospitalisation trends, the 21-40 age group demonstrated modal seropositivity (24.9) in Phase IV whilst 40-60 years and 60+ previously demonstrated highest prevalence. Conclusions: Overall, the data indicates higher COVID-19 seroprevalence than officially acknowledged, likely implying a considerably lower-case fatality rate than the current national figure of 0.84%. The data also suggests that COVID-19 is predominantly asymptomatic COVID-19 in Ghana. The observed trends mimic clinical trends of infection and imply that the methodology used was appropriate.
25
Salia, Solomon Mohammed, Peter Adatara, Agani Afaya, Waliu Salisu Jawula, Milipaak Japiong, Abubakari Wuni, Martin Amogre Ayanore, et al. "Factors affecting care of elderly patients among nursing staff at the Ho teaching hospital in Ghana: Implications for geriatric care policy in Ghana." PLOS ONE 17, no. 6 (June 23, 2022): e0268941. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268941.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction The population of the aged is increasing globally and in Ghana. In 2020, the population aged over 60 years in Ghana was 2,051,903 and this is expected to reach 2.5 million by 2025 and 6.3 million by 2050. Despite the envisaged increase in the number and life expectancy of the older population in Ghana that will require nursing care, there is a paucity of data on nursing staff knowledge and attitudes toward elderly patients in Ghana. Objectives This study, therefore, assessed factors affecting the care of elderly patients among nursing staff in a tertiary referral health facility in the Volta region of Ghana. Methods The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design using quantitative data collection approaches. A total of 150 nurses were sampled with a response rate of 95%. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. The analysis included logistic regression to predict factors associated with nurses’ knowledge and attitude in caring for elderly patients, after multicollinearity diagnosis and controlling the effect of confounding variables. Results Majority (83.8%) of the nurses demonstrated good knowledge of the aging process, knowledge in the care of the elderly (88.7%), and (84.5%) had a positive caring attitude towards the elderly. Professional education, professional qualification, and knowledge on aged care were significantly associated with nurses’ attitude towards the elderly (p<0.001), (p<0.005), and (p<0.010), respectively. Lack of special wards/facilities emerged as the predominantly perceived barrier to caring for the elderly as per the nurses’ responses. Conclusion The majority of nurses demonstrated good knowledge and attitude in the aging process and care of the aged. Lack of special wards/facilities and lack of staff motivation were the leading perceived barriers to rendering care to the elderly. Scaling up gerontological nursing programs and establishing special aged care facilities in Ghana with appropriate policy guidelines and regulations for implementation of care will help improve nurses’ knowledge and caring attitudes toward the care of elderly patients. Likewise, a national geriatric care policy would help consolidate standard geriatric care in Ghana.
26
Kwabla, Mavis Pearl, Juliana Nyasordzi, Gideon Kye-Duodu, Mark Kwame Ananga, Gregory Kofi Amenuvegbe, Joseph Otoo, Dominic Demateh Nuertey, et al. "Factors associated with COVID-19 knowledge among Ghanaians: A national survey." PLOS ONE 17, no. 11 (November 10, 2022): e0276381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276381.
Full textAbstract:
Background Adequate knowledge about COVID-19 in a population may be relevant in the fight to control its spread among the populace. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the factors associated with real knowledge of COVID-19 among Ghanaians to promote effective dissemination of appropriate information aimed at containing the spread. Methods A cross-sectional online survey and computer assisted telephone interviews (CATI) was conducted among Ghanaians aged 18 years and above across the 260 districts of Ghana. The survey assessed the level of knowledge of COVID-19 and its associated factors and compared differences between perceived and real knowledge. One district health promotion officer per district was trained for the data collection. Participants were recruited via use of phone directories of both organized and non-organized local district groups. Phone calls were made to randomly selected phone contacts to schedule options for participation in the study. We used multivariable logistic regression to investigate the associated factors of COVID-19 knowledge among respondents. Results Of the 2,721 participants who completed the survey, the majority (99.3%) were aware of the existence of the COVID-19 outbreak, had good knowledge on infection prevention (87.0%) and rated their knowledge about COVID-19 as good (81.7%). Factors associated with COVID-19 knowledge were: age ≥56 years (aOR = 0.5; CI: 0.3–0.8; p = 0.002), tertiary education (aOR = 1.8; CI: 1.2–2.6; p = 0.003), residing in Greater Accra region (aOR = 2.0; CI: 1.1–3.6; p = 0.019), not infected with the novel coronavirus (aOR = 1.5; Cl: 1.0–2.1; p = 0.045), knowing an infected person (aOR = 3.5; CI = 1.5–7.9; p = 0.003), good practice of effective preventive measures (aOR = 1.2: Cl: 1.1–1.5: 0.008), not misinformed (aOR = 0.7; Cl: 0.5–0.9; 0.015), and perceiving spreading speed of the virus as slow (aOR = 0.7; Cl: 0.5–0.9; 0.007). Conclusion The study found good knowledge regarding COVID-19, control measures, and preventive strategies. The Ghana Health Service should continuously provide accurate information to educate the media and citizens to prevent misinformation, which is vital in stopping the spread of the COVID-19 virus.
27
Obu, Raphael Nyarkotey, and Lawrencia Aggrey Bluwey. "African naturopathic education: Ghana’s model using competency-based curriculum." Journal of Preventive Medicine and Holistic Health 8, no. 2 (January 15, 2023): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.jpmhh.2022.016.
Full textAbstract:
Despite the over 62 years of Naturopathy’s existence in the Ghanaian jurisdiction, no single tertiary program in Naturopathy or Complementary and Alternative Medicine is taught. The practice has not been streamlined and properly structured. Those who engage in the Naturopathic trade mostly receive their education through correspondence from unrecognized and unaccredited foreign schools that teach a limited aspect of naturopathy. : Following the development and approval of two Naturopathic programs; The Higher National Diploma (HND) for training Naturopaths and Bachelor of Technology in Naturopathy and Holistic Medicine, a 5-year program for Naturopathic Physicians, this paper provides a critical evaluation of the curricula approved by the Commission for Technical and Vocational Education and Training (CTVET) in Ghana. This paper employs a sequential two-stage qualitative process. In phase one, the two curricula were submitted to the World Naturopathic Federation (WNF) Canada, for evaluation. Phase two involved a document analysis using the curriculum recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Naturopathic Federation (WNF), and the South African Naturopathic curriculum. An in-depth evaluation and comparison with the Ghanaian program were conducted, together with abstracted WNF responses which were then analyzed thematically. After the necessary recommendations by WNF were adopted. The two Ghanaian curricula met the international standard. The recommendations also strengthened the mandatory general area of competence in Naturopathic training. The Ghanaian Bachelor’s in Naturopathy has total clock hours of 5,979, which surpasses the South African degree in Naturopathy(5,950) clock hours. The Ghanaian naturopathic mandatory and elective subjects in the curricula meet the international standards. Issues raised by World Naturopathic Federations (WNF) were all addressed to strengthen the program.
28
McSwan, David, and Ken Stevens. "Post Secondary School Educational and Vocational Issues Facing Families in Rural North Queensland." Australian and International Journal of Rural Education 5, no. 1 (March 1, 1995): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.47381/aijre.v5i1.394.
Full textAbstract:
Vocational choice has been a critical issue for rural Queensland families for many years although it remains a little documented aspect of the lives of secondary school students and their parents who live in the outback. While rural education has received official recognition as an area of disadvantage in the Australian education system for almost two decades (Schools Commission, 1975; Commission of Inquiry into Poverty in Australia, 1976) vocational choice in outback schools, which is central to the relationships between both school and work and school and tertiary education, has not been prominent in the research literature in spite of several recent reports (Boomer, 1988; Australian Education Council Review Committee, 1991; National Board of Employment, Education and Training, 1991). This research project has been designed to investigate the processes of post secondary school education and vocational choices for families in a representative community and to consider the implications of this issue for schools and policy makers. The research project was initiated by Dr David McSwan of James Cook University's Rural Education Research and Development Centre and Dr Ken Stevens of the Faculty of Education at Victoria University in Wellington in New Zealand. Specifically, the research will investigate how families with year ten, eleven and twelve students in a selected North Queensland community make choices about post secondary school education and careers.
29
Nugroho, Rahmat Muhajir, Wita Setyaningrum, Sobirin Sobirin, and Fithriatus Shalihah. "Model of the Development of Muhammadiyah Legal Assistance Services for the Poor." International Journal of Social Science Research and Review 5, no. 10 (October 31, 2022): 489–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v5i10.675.
Full textAbstract:
Persyarikatan Muhammadiyah as the largest Islamic community organization in Indonesia, which has business charities in the fields of education, health, social, economy and culture, develops its program through the Muhammadiyah Legal Aid Service Program under the coordination of the Muhammadiyah Central Leadership and Human Rights Council. LBHMU was established to help the poor who are facing legal problems. LBHMU's role is to provide free legal consultation and case assistance services to members of the community who are economically weak and have access to justice. This type of research is a type of empirical legal research, using primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. Methods of collecting data through field studies, namely observation, surveys and interviews. The conclusion of this research is the development of Muhammadiyah Legal Aid Services with strategies including: strengthening LBHMU's vision to help the poor, maximizing funding sources from the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, as well as Lazismu, and conducting National Coordination Meetings.
30
Olukemi, Sangodoyin Oluranti. "Providing High Quality Standard of Training in the Tertiary Education Sector in Botswana: Evaluation of Resources in Enhancing Effectiveness." International Journal of Business Administration 8, no. 7 (October 26, 2017): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v8n7p73.
Full textAbstract:
The research goal of study is to accentuate on high quality standard of training and provision of adequate resources and its effects on the overall development of tertiary education sector in Botswana. Special attention is paid to Botswana Qualification Authority (BQA) and it’s emphasizes on the issue of compliance in the standards set by its regulatory authorities. This paper discusses opportunities for enhancing the efficiency of education by providing quality training and using resources more strategically to increase its impact on national and global education outcomes. Since Education Training Providers have advocacy for more students which has been targeted towards Directorate of Tertiary Education Council (DTEF), hence, attention to deliver effectiveness must be largely emphasized. In programme development and procedures, delivery styles used on the programme must be appropriate to the needs of the learners. Adequate resources are necessary for successful achievement by learners of the programme objectives and maintain on the programme, and there should be plentiful evidence to indicate that the programme aspect meets expectations. Various resources for successful participation by learners are allocated to maintain programmes.It has been deliberated that assessment must be available to all learners who have the potential to achieve the standards required for a particular qualification. Care must be taken that any proposed assessment methods are of quality for learners and demonstrate that they have achieved the international standard. Measures must be taken to ensure that all learners have adequate access to facilities and resources. The resources available to programmes must be in accordance with programme objectives and budget allocation. Finally, to ensure the introduction of relevant programmes in a socio-economic context; analysis of enquiries and administration of needs analyses must be conducted.
31
Adu-Bonsaffoh, Kwame, Evelyn Tamma, Adanna Uloaku Nwameme, Martina Mocking, Kwabena A. Osman, and Joyce L. Browne. "Women’s lived experiences of preterm birth and neonatal care for premature infants at a tertiary hospital in Ghana: A qualitative study." PLOS Global Public Health 2, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): e0001303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001303.
Full textAbstract:
Preterm birth is a leading cause of death in children under five and a major public concern in Ghana. Women’s lived experiences of care following preterm birth in clinical setting represents a viable adjunctive measure to improve the quality of care for premature infants. This qualitative study explored the knowledge and experiences of women who have had preterm birth and the associated challenges in caring for premature infants at a tertiary hospital. A qualitative design using in-depth interviews (IDIs) was conducted among women who experienced preterm birth with surviving infants at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital in Accra, Ghana. A thematic content analysis using the inductive analytic framework was undertaken using Nvivo. Thirty women participated in the study. We observed substantial variation in women’s knowledge on preterm birth: some women demonstrated significant understanding of preterm delivery including its causes such as hypertension in pregnancy, and potential complications including neonatal death whilst others had limited knowledge on the condition. Women reported significant social and financial challenges associated with preterm birth that negatively impacted the quality of postnatal care they received. Admission of preterm infants at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) generated enormous psychological and emotional stress on the preterm mothers due to uncertainty associated with the prognosis of their babies, health system challenges and increased cost. Context-specific recommendations to improve the quality of care for prematurely born infants were provided by the affected mothers and include urgent need to expand the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) coverage and more antenatal health education on preterm birth. Mothers of premature infants experienced varied unanticipated challenges during the care for their babies within the hospital setting. While knowledge of preterm birth seems adequate among women, there was a significant gap in the women’s expectations of the challenges associated with the care of premature infants of which the majority experience psychosocial, economic and emotional impact.
32
Ssempebwa, Jude. "Editorial." Makerere Journal of Higher Education 11, no. 1 (August 31, 2019): vii. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/majohe.v11i1.
Full textAbstract:
I am delighted to welcome you to the eleventh volume of the Makerere Journal of Higher Education (MAJOHE). The two issues in the volume are being published at the same time, belatedly! However, it is a better volume, thanks to the insights (and energy) of the new additions to our management board and to the support of Mrs. Sioux Cumming (Programme Specialist at the International Network for Advancing Science and Policy [INASP]). Sioux’s support was given under the auspices of a training workshop on Improving Journal Publishing Practices and Standards hosted by the Uganda National Council of Science and Technology (UNCST) in August 2019. At the workshop, I decided that, on returning home, we would upgrade some features of MAJOHE to reach the gold standard. As it turned out, however, it would take us some time and significant work to get there, which is why I am very proud to announce that we are now there. Moreover, the volume is also quite diverse—with writing drawn from Botswana, Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania and Uganda and touching on teacher education, technology in higher education, university governance, student loan schemes, pedagogy, TVET, student services and marketization. I hope you find the volume a useful resource. As usual, the Board and I thank the authors for submitting their work and for working hard to revise it as advised; the reviewers for giving the authors constructive feedback; and African Journals Online (AJOL) for hosting the journal online.
33
Bondah, Emmanuel K., and Daniel O. Agyemang. "Factors predicting knowledge on COVID-19 misconceptions and perception of government efforts in Ghana: a cross-sectional study." International Journal of Scientific Reports 6, no. 9 (August 20, 2020): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20203547.
Full textAbstract:
<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> With the increasing rate of COVID-19 cases and mortality across the globe, countries and most people have adopted precautionary and preventive measures to avoid been infected with the disease. However, several trending myths and misconceptions also floods the world during this era.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 587 participants (53% males, 78% aged 18-30 years, and 74% having at least tertiary level education) in Ghana, using a convenience snowballing sampling approach. A self-designed questionnaire based on “World Health Organization (WHO) myth-busters” was used for data collection. A logistic regression model was developed to explore variables predicting misconceptions.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>With about 75% of respondents believing they knew “a lot” about coronavirus, 41% (confidence interval: 37-45) reported a high level of knowledge on the new coronavirus misconceptions. Social media (87%), and television/radio (57%) were the major sources of knowledge. Masters/Ph.D. degree education, National democratic congress (NDC) political members, other political party members, excellent self-health ratings, social media, respondents that anticipate a remedy in 1-5 years, and the perception that the government is “not doing enough” in fighting the pandemic, were reported factors predicting knowledge in a multiple logistic regression model (p<0.05). Region of residence, political affiliation, self-health ratings, predicted time of remedy, and level of knowledge on covid-19 misconceptions were also associated with the perception of government efforts (p<0.05).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most Ghanaians have much belief in trending misinformation related to the pandemic. Public health education and campaigns should address these misconceptions and encourage the public to seek information from credible sources.</p>
34
Peters, Grace Olufunke, and Mergan Naidoo. "Factors influencing intermittent preventive treatment for malaria prevention among pregnant women accessing antenatal care in selected primary health care facilities of Bwari Area Council, Abuja Nigeria." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (December 15, 2022): e0277877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277877.
Full textAbstract:
Background Although studies in Nigeria showed the efficacy of intermittent preventive treatment using sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPT-SP) in preventing malaria in pregnancy among Nigerian women there is still poor implementation of the intervention in Nigeria. Methods A mixed method study was conducted in Bwari Area Council, Nigeria in 2018. The quantitative part of the study is presented and discussed in this paper. Pregnant women were interviewed using a validated interviewer-administered questionnaire and observations of current practice were performed. Results A total of 422 pregnant women were recruited into the study (mean age, 26 years) with the majority being married women (90.3%). Most respondents (68.5%) did not know who could take IPT-SP and 58.5% of respondents did not know when and how many times IPT-SP should be taken during pregnancy. Nearly all participants (99.5%) did not take SP at the facility under direct observation of the health worker. None of the facilities had free SP and all respondents paid for SP through the Drug Revolving Fund. The knowledge of the use of SP was significantly influenced by respondents’ parity, ward of residence, antenatal clinic (ANC) attendance history and education. Respondents who had tertiary and secondary education were 8.3 (95% CI: 1.01–68.27) times more likely to use IPT-SP than those without formal education. Conclusion Most women who attend ANC in Bwari Area council did not receive IPT-SP as per the national guidelines. The unavailability of logistics (SP, Water and Cup) on a regular basis, the cost of the SP, poor knowledge of the importance of IPT in malaria prevention, and the non-implementation of the administration of SP under direct observation were factors influencing the use of IPT-SP. Outcomes could be enhanced through the provision of measures to address identified gaps by this study.
35
Badu, Eric, Peter Agyei-Baffour, Isaac Ofori Acheampong, Maxwell Preprah Opoku, and Kwasi Addai-Donkor. "Households Sociodemographic Profile as Predictors of Health Insurance Uptake and Service Utilization: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Municipality of Ghana." Advances in Public Health 2018 (2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7814206.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. Attempts to use health insurance in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs) are recognized as a powerful tool in achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC). However, continuous enrolment onto health insurance schemes and utilization of healthcare in these countries remain problematic due to varying factors. Empirical evidence on the influence of household sociodemographic factors on enrolment and subsequent utilization of healthcare is rare. This paper sought to examine how household profile influences the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) status and use of healthcare in a municipality of Ghana. Methods. A cross-sectional design with quantitative methods was conducted among a total of 380 respondents, selected through a multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected using a semistructured questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive and multiple logistics regression at 95% CI using STATA 14. Results. Overall, 57.9% of respondents were males, and average age was 34 years. Households’ profiles such as age, gender, education, marital status, ethnicity, and religion were key predictors of NHIS active membership. Compared with other age groups, 38–47 years (AOR 0.06) and 58 years and above (AOR = 0.01), widow, divorced families, Muslims, and minority ethnic groups were less likely to have NHIS active membership. However, females (AOR = 3.92), married couples (AOR = 48.9), and people educated at tertiary level consistently had their NHIS active. Proximate factors such as education, marital status, place of residence, and NHIS status were predictors of healthcare utilization. Conclusion. The study concludes that households’ proximate factors influence the uptake of NHIS policy and subsequent utilization of healthcare. Vulnerable population such as elderly, minority ethnic, and religious groups were less likely to renew their NHIS policy. The NHIS policy should revise the exemption bracket to wholly cover vulnerable groups such as minority ethnic and religious groups and elderly people at retiring age of 60 years.
36
Coffie, Isaac Sonful, Nutifafa Godson Doe, and Jonah Addai Tabi. "Pre-Service Science Teachers’ Assessment of Supported Teaching in School." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 17, no. 32 (September 30, 2021): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2021.v17n32p257.
Full textAbstract:
Ghana is currently running a new teacher education program for the training of teachers at the pre-tertiary level. At the heart of the new national teacher education program is Supported Teaching in School (STS), the practical school-based component of the teacher education program embedded throughout the whole 4-years. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of STS in pre-service teacher preparation and identify any possible challenges associated with the program. The study adopted qualitative a case study design, with the main instruments for data collection being interviews and documentary analysis. Data collection was done through individual and focus group interviews, and documentary analysis of Student Reflective Journals. Individual interviews were conducted for six pre-service science teachers and the focus group interview was made up of four pre-service teachers using the Ishikawa or fishbone tool. From the analysis of data done using “topological analysis,” it was revealed that supported teaching in school is impacting on the pre-service preparation in; real classroom exposure giving them firsthand experience of the classroom situation; lesson planning and delivery; teacher professionalism as the pre-service teachers now exposed to traits of the teaching profession and qualities of a good teacher; and classroom management for effective lesson delivery. Particular challenges such as mentor-mentee relationship, lack of proper planning, and insufficient time for observation were identified to militate against the program. It is recommended that, appropriate training and incentives should be given to the mentors to prepare them adequately for the program.
37
Aparicio, Miriam. "The Three Dimensional Spiral of Sense: a New Paradigm Systemic Applied a Six Areas Disciplinares and Two Axis: Identity and Professionalization." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 2, no. 1 (April 30, 2016): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v2i1.p40-52.
Full textAbstract:
This article introduces a new systemic theory called “The Three Dimensional Spiral of Sense”, applied to Identity and Professionalization. The epistemological mainstays of the theory are stressed here, a theory supported by more than 30 years of empirical research at CONICET (National Council of Scientific Research, Argentina), with individuals belonging to different populations, some of them covering periods of over 20 years (intra-generational studies), and others covering three generations in-line (inter-generational studies). This article presents the most specific theoretical frameworks, and it formulates the six disciplinary areas in which the new analysis of the social data was carried out: Education, Health, Science, Media, International Relations and Interculturality. The first area – Education – is dealt with through different levels (secondary level, tertiary level, University and PhD training. Here, we only make reference to the studies carried out, returning to some epistemological issues in this theory. The methodology used was quantitative (statistical analysis, a semi-structured survey) but mainly qualitative (hierarchical evocations, interviews). The approach was macro-micro-meso-macro, micro, not quite common yet. It consists of a kind of sui generis systemism which recovers relationships (links, back and forth) between individuals and contexts, without overlooking neither the former nor the latter, thus, avoiding any type of reductionism. Individuals, organizations and frameworks interplay and feedback themselves. The results, particularly the qualitative ones, show the rich interactions underlying the continuance or innovation processes, which favor or hinder the individuals’ development and identity in times of abrupt change; at the same time, these results reveal the need for Professionalization in emerging countries.
38
Aparicio, Miriam. "The Three Dimensional Spiral of Sense: a New Paradigm Systemic Applied a Six Areas Disciplinares and Two Axis: Identity and Professionalization." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 4, no. 1 (April 30, 2016): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v4i1.p40-52.
Full textAbstract:
This article introduces a new systemic theory called “The Three Dimensional Spiral of Sense”, applied to Identity and Professionalization. The epistemological mainstays of the theory are stressed here, a theory supported by more than 30 years of empirical research at CONICET (National Council of Scientific Research, Argentina), with individuals belonging to different populations, some of them covering periods of over 20 years (intra-generational studies), and others covering three generations in-line (inter-generational studies). This article presents the most specific theoretical frameworks, and it formulates the six disciplinary areas in which the new analysis of the social data was carried out: Education, Health, Science, Media, International Relations and Interculturality. The first area – Education – is dealt with through different levels (secondary level, tertiary level, University and PhD training. Here, we only make reference to the studies carried out, returning to some epistemological issues in this theory. The methodology used was quantitative (statistical analysis, a semi-structured survey) but mainly qualitative (hierarchical evocations, interviews). The approach was macro-micro-meso-macro, micro, not quite common yet. It consists of a kind of sui generis systemism which recovers relationships (links, back and forth) between individuals and contexts, without overlooking neither the former nor the latter, thus, avoiding any type of reductionism. Individuals, organizations and frameworks interplay and feedback themselves. The results, particularly the qualitative ones, show the rich interactions underlying the continuance or innovation processes, which favor or hinder the individuals’ development and identity in times of abrupt change; at the same time, these results reveal the need for Professionalization in emerging countries.
39
Soon, Jan-Jan, Roslina Kamaruddin, and Abdul Rahim Anuar. "Flood victims’ evacuation decisions: a semi-nonparametric estimation." International Journal of Emergency Services 7, no. 2 (August 6, 2018): 134–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijes-05-2017-0031.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the determinants of actual evacuation decisions of victims of the unprecedented 2014 year-end flood disaster which wreaked havoc across two east-coast states in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach The target population of this study is the group of victims affected by the December 2014 flood in the Malaysian east-coast states of Kelantan and Pahang. Sampling frames of the flood victims were obtained from the National Security Council offices of the two states. The empirical analysis of this paper is based on a unique data set obtained from a questionnaire survey of the flood victims. The final working sample consists of 372 respondents. Findings Important findings from this study are: victims who were given evacuation notices were five times more likely to evacuate, victims who participated in flood awareness programmes were less likely to move to evacuation centres, the further away victims’ homes were from the evacuation centres the more likely they were to evacuate, older victims were less likely to evacuate, larger households were more likely to evacuate, and victims with tertiary education were also less likely to evacuate. Originality/value This paper is unique because previous studies of Malaysian flood-related disasters are confined to floods of regular magnitude. This paper is also unique because it uses a semi-parametric estimation approach to obtain the marginal effects of the explanatory variables on evacuation decisions.
40
Asamoah, Francis A., Joel Yarney, Shivanshu Awasthi, Verna Vanderpuye, Puja S. Venkat, Angelina K. Fink, Arash O. Naghavi, et al. "Contemporary Radiation Treatment of Prostate Cancer in Africa: A Ghanaian Experience." Journal of Global Oncology, no. 4 (December 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.17.00234.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Data on prostate cancer (PCa) treatment in Africa remains under-reported. We present a review of the management of PCa at the cancer center of the largest tertiary referral facility in Ghana, with emphasis on curative treatment. Methods We retrospectively reviewed data on 1,074 patients seen at the National Center for Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine from 2003 to 2016. Patient and disease characteristics at presentation are presented using descriptive statistics. The χ2 and Fisher’s exact tests and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze differences between categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Methods of survival analysis were used to evaluate the relative risk of biochemical disease-free survival (bDFS). Results Seventy percent of the study population presented with localized disease. High-risk disease presentation accounted for 64.4% of these patients. Only 57.6% of patients with localized disease received curative radiotherapy. The 5-year overall survival for the curative cohort was 96% (interquartile range, 93% to 98%). The 5-year bDFS rates for low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups were 95%, 70%, and 48%, respectively. Both Gleason score and pretreatment prostate-specific antigen were significant predictors for bDFS in multivariable analysis. Conclusion We show that the majority of patients with PCa have locally advanced disease at the time of presentation for radiotherapy. bDFS was significantly better for low- and intermediate-risk than for high-risk disease. These data emphasize the dire need to re-evaluate screening and patient education of PCa in regions of the world with high incidence and mortality as well as the need for improved access to care and treatment delivery.
41
Zala, Sarika, Hrishikesh Munshi, Niraj N. Mahajan, Suchitra Surve, and Rahul Gajbhiye. "Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and neonatal outcomes: A narrative review and evidence from the PregCovid registry." Journal of Reproductive Healthcare and Medicine 4 (January 23, 2023): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/jrhm_11_2022.
Full textAbstract:
More than 533 million Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and associated 6 million fatalities were reported globally whereas 43 million cases and 0.5 million deaths in India were reported till June 2022. Maharashtra state alone reported about one-third of the total cases of COVID-19 in India in the early period of COVID-19 pandemic. The lack of epidemiological, demographic, and impact data of COVID-19 on pregnant women and newborns, advocated the need for recording and documenting population specific data for clinical management and policy decisions in India. The PregCovid registry was launched in April 2020 by the Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Mumbai, in collaboration with the Medical Education and Drugs Department, Government of Maharashtra, and Topiwala National Medical College and Bai Yamunabai Laxman Nair Charitable Hospital to gain insights into clinical and socio-epidemiological characteristics of pregnant women with lab confirmed COVID-19 and assess its impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes. The registry has collected data of 8428 pregnant and postpartum women with COVID-19 from 19 participating centers across Maharashtra in a near real-time manner. The registry first reported that the delta variant (B.1.617.2) dominant second wave was more lethal (case fatality rate 5.7%) to pregnant and postpartum women than the alpha (0.7%) dominant wave of COVID-19 in India. There was also a higher incidence of moderate to severe cases, intensive care admissions and maternal complications including pre-eclampsia, low birth weight and preterm deliveries during the delta wave. The omicron dominant third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic exhibited a higher transmission rate compared to the previous two waves, causing a surge in cases but minimally impacting adverse outcomes. The registry further analyzed and reported the impact of COVID-19 on pregnant and postpartum women with comorbidities, coinfections, twin pregnancies, and neonatal outcomes, while providing crucial policy inputs to improve maternal and newborn health during the pandemic. The registry model can be replicated at tertiary care hospitals across India to understand various maternal-neonatal outcomes. The evidence generated from PregCovid registry was useful for improved clinical management and also contributed to a policy decision on COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant women in India. The registry envisions a collaboration with similar regional, national and international registries to form an international consortium for data sharing and reporting to promote global policy level interventions and advocates a sustainable and collective response to improve the COVID-19 global vaccination coverage.
42
Octavio, Aragon, Fayyaz Goher, Gill Andrea, and Morecroft Charles. "SP3 The effect of electronic prescribing and medicines administration systems (epmass) on paediatric medication errors." Archives of Disease in Childhood 103, no. 2 (January 19, 2018): e1.23-e1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2017-314584.3.
Full textAbstract:
BackgroundThe complex nature of paediatric prescribing makes this population more vulnerable to medication errors.1Electronic Prescribing and Medicines Administration Systems (EPMASs) have been suggested to improve paediatric medication safety by reducing prescribing errors.AimTo identify and compare the number and nature of paediatric medication errors pre and post introduction of an EPMAS at a tertiary paediatric hospital.MethodologyPharmacists collected data monthly on the number of new items prescribed and the number of errors (if any) detected in these prescriptions following methodology from the EQUIP study.2 The EPMAS Meditechv6 was introduced in June 2015. Data analysed included forms from 1st-January-2015 to 30th-June-2015 (period 1: pre-EPMAS) and 1st-January-2016 to 30th-June-2016 (period 2: post-EPMAS). The analysis aimed to investigate the rate, type and severity of errors as well as the prescriber grade, prescribing stage and drug class associated with each. Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyse the frequency and nature of errors pre and post implementation of Meditech. Statistical significance was tested using a contingency Chi-squared (χ2) test for the difference in error rates across both periods and a Mann-Whitney test for the difference between the severities of errors across both periodsResultsAn increase of 6.4% in error rate was detected post-Meditech introduction with 67 errors in 1706 items (3.9%) during period 1 and 151 errors in 1459 items (10.3%) during period 2 (p<0.001, χ2 test). FY2 doctors and ‘admission stage’ were associated with the highest error rates across both periods. Minor severity errors were the most common in both periods, with 55.2% in period 1% and 66.2% in period 2. No statistical difference was detected (p=0.403) in the severity of errors reported although the proportion of significant and serious errors decreased from 38.8% to 27.8% and 6.0% to 0.7% respectively. No errors were classed to be potentially lethal in period 1, however there was one such incident in period 2. Underdosing was the most common error type in period 1 (22.4%), falling to 4.0% in period 2. Omission on admission was the most common error type in period 2, with an error rate of 37.7% vs 20.9% in period 1. Antibacterials and analgesics were the most common classes of drugs involved in errors in both periods, although a wider range of drug classes were involved in errors post Meditech introductionConclusionA significant increase of 6.4% in error rate was found post implementation of Meditech highlighting the concept of EPMAS-facilitated errors. The positive effect of EPMASs is also apparent as the incidence of significant and serious errors decreased in period 2, although this difference was not statistically significant. Reaching definitive conclusions is difficult due to the lack of available research into the effects of EPMASs on paediatric prescribing and due to methodological limitations. However, it can be suggested that introducing functions such as comprehensive decision support and dose calculators may overcome the shortcomings of the current system3 and allow for the true benefits of EPMASs in improving paediatric medication safety to be demonstrated.ReferencesNational Patient Safety Agency. Review of patient safety for children and young people 2009. England: National Reporting and Learning Services. http://www.nrls.npsa.nhs.uk/resources/?entryid45=5986 [Accessed: 29th October 2016].Dornan T, et al. An in-depth investigation into causes of prescribing errors by foundation trainees in relation to their medical education: EQUIP study. Final Report to the General Medical Council 2009. http://www.gmcuk.org/FINAL_Report_prevalence_and_causes_of_prescribing_errors.pdf_28935150.pdf [Accessed: 9th November 2016].Johnson KB, Lehmann CU. Electronic prescribing in paediatrics: Toward safer and more effective medication management. Paediatrics 2013;131(4):e1350–e1356. doi:10.1542/peds.2013-0193
43
Popoola, Oluwatoyin Muse Johnson. "Preface to the Second Issue of Indian Pacific Journal of Accounting and Finance." Indian-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Finance 1, no. 2 (April 1, 2017): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.52962/ipjaf.2017.1.2.10.
Full textAbstract:
I welcome you to the Vol. 1 Issue 2 of Indian-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Finance. You will recall in Issue 1, I made known our commitment to publish high-quality, impactful papers and to bring scholars who share our vision and mission into the Editorial Advisory Board. Dr Ishaya John Dabari (Modibbo Adamawa University of Technology, Adamawa, Nigeria) has consented to join the Editorial Advisory Board. I am pleased to welcome him on board.
In Issue 2, all the presentations are international research with emphasis on corporate governance and risk management, internal auditing, accounting information system, education, telecommunications, and banking sectors.
In the first paper captioned “Effect of Risk Management Committee on Monitoring Mechanismsâ€, Dr Rachael Oluyemisi Arowolo (Chrisland University), Prof Dr Ayoib B. Che-Ahmad (Universiti Utara Malaysia), and Asst. Prof. Dr Oluwatoyin Muse Johnson Popoola (Universiti Utara Malaysia) examines the influence of risk management committee (RMC) on monitoring mechanisms (MM) in Sub-Saharan Africa. The paper provides empirical supports for RMC association with monitoring mechanisms to reduce agency problems, using the secondary data (2010-2012) of Nigerian non-financial listed companies. The article recommends to the board of Nigerian companies to explore the usefulness of RMC in monitoring the management and controlling shareholders to lessen agency problems and protect the interests of the minority shareholders.
In the second paper entitled “Aligning Corporate Governance with Enterprise Risk Management Adoption in the Nigerian Deposit Money Banksâ€, Dr Ishaya John Dabari (Modibbo Adama University of Technology), Sini Fave Kwaji (Modibbo Adama University of Technology), and Ghazali Zulkurnai (Universiti Utara Malaysia) align corporate governance (CG) with Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) adoption in the Nigerian Deposit Money banks (DMBs). Their study used cross-sectional research design, survey method and questionnaire technique to collect data in 21 Nigerian DMBs. Out of 722 questionnaires distributed, 435 were found usable for further analysis through Structural Equation Modeling in Stata. The paper empirically reveals the significant positive relationship between CG and ERM adoption regarding internal audit effectiveness, human resource competency and top management commitment. The study provides insightful results for the banking industry, regulators, practitioners, academia and other stakeholders, perhaps to render assistance in the areas of policy formulation, implementation and evaluation.
In the third paper titled “Independence and Management Support: The advocate for Internal Auditors’ Task Performance in Tertiary Institutionsâ€, Oyewumi Hassan Kehinde (Universiti Utara Malaysia), Prof Dr Ayoib B. Che-Ahmad (Universiti Utara Malaysia), and Asst. Prof. Dr Oluwatoyin Muse Johnson Popoola (Universiti Utara Malaysia) examine the influence of independence (IND) and management support (MS) on the task performance (TP) of internal auditors in the South-West tertiary institutions in Nigeria. The study formulates and tests two hypotheses on the relationship between IND and TP in one hand, and MS and TP on the other hand. This study employs a quantitative approach, cross-sectional design, and survey questionnaire in obtaining data from 350 internal auditors from the internal audit departments/units of the universities, polytechnics, and colleges of education. The results of the PLS-SEM algorithm and bootstrapping reveal positive significant relationships between IND and TP, and the MS and TP, and hence, support the two hypotheses. The paper has a policy implication on the government/private proprietors who are owners of tertiary institutions; management and Council who control the institutions, internal auditors who are operators of internal auditing; regulatory authorities who perform oversight function on the institutions, and professional accounting and auditing bodies. The article adds to the body of knowledge and extends internal audit research to tertiary institutions.
In the fourth paper entitled “Examining Information Disclosure on Regulatory Compliance of Telecommunication Companies in Nigeriaâ€, Sini Fave Kwaji (Modibbo Adama University of Technology), Dr Ishaya John Dabari (Modibbo Adama University of Technology) examine the impact of information disclosure on regulatory compliance of telecommunication companies in Nigeria. The study adopted ex-post facto research design, which relies on secondary data collected from the financial statements of three (3) telecommunication companies out of the eight (8) telecommunication companies for the period of 2004 to 2015 and analysed through the multiple regression statistics. The results reveal that computed compliance index of telecommunication companies was above average (av. 75.6%) with the requirements of regulatory agencies. Also, the findings indicate that mandatory information disclosure (MID) recorded a significant impact at 10% (weak compliance), while voluntary information disclosure (VID) showed an effect at 5% (partial compliance). The article makes a clarion call for the enforcement of full compliance by all the telecommunication companies operating in Nigeria and therefore, recommends to the National Communication Commission (NCC) to monitor the compliance with the requirements of information disclosure and pursue its objective to achieve best corporate governance practices in Nigerian telecommunication companies.
In the fifth paper titled “Examining CAATTs implementation by internal auditors in the public sector.†Dr Aidi Ahmi (Universiti Utara Malaysia), Associate Prof Dr Siti Zabedah Saidin (Universiti Utara Malaysia), and Dr Akilah Abdullah (Universiti Utara Malaysia) investigate the implementation of CAATTs by internal auditors in the Malaysian public sector. Their research reports the results from 12 interviews conducted with internal audit departments in both federal and state levels. The study revealed the implementation of CAATTs by internal auditors in public sector is still low because of lack of expertise, high implementation and maintenance cost, limited access of auditee’s data, and preference to conduct the audit manually. Furthermore, it is not mandatory for them to use CAATTs. The evidence is a contrast with the encouragement made by the government to improve the IT usage in public sector. The results implied that training for future auditors in CAATTs to ensure the successful implementation is crucial and strategic. For CAATTs to be a success, the head of internal audit must possess the awareness about the importance of CAATTs as well as enforcement of its implementation.
As you read through this Vol. 1 Issue 2 of IPJAF, I would like to recap that the success of the journal depends on your active participation and those of your colleagues and friends through submission of high-quality articles for review and publication.
I reiterate to our prospective authors to enjoy the benefits IPJAF provides about mentoring nature of the unique review process, which offers high quality, and helpful reviews tailored to assist authors in improving their manuscripts.
I acknowledge your support as we endeavour to make IPJAF the most authoritative journal on accounting and finance for the community of academic, professional, industry, society and government.
44
Beuran, M. "TRAUMA CARE: HIGHLY DEMANDING, TREMENDOUS BENEFITS." Journal of Surgical Sciences 2, no. 3 (July 1, 2015): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33695/jss.v2i3.117.
Full textAbstract:
From its beginning, mankind suffered injuries through falling, fire, drowning and human aggression [1]. Although the frequency and the kinetics modifiy over millennia, trauma continues to represent an important cause of morbidity and mortality even in the modern society [1]. Significant progresses in the trauma surgery were due to military conflicts, which next to social sufferance came with important steps in injuries’ management, further applied in civilian hospitals. The foundation of modern trauma systems was started by Dominique Jean Larrey (1766-1842) during the Napoleonic Rin military campaign from 1792. The wounded who remained on the battlefield till the end of the battle to receive medical care, usually more than 24 hours, from that moment were transported during the conflict with flying ambulances to mobile hospitals. Starting with the First World War, through the usage of antiseptics, blood transfusions, and fracture management, the mortality decreased from 39% in the Crimean War (1853–1856) to 10%. One of the most preeminent figures of the Second World War was Michael DeBakey, who created the Mobile Army Surgical Hospitals (MASH), concept very similar to the Larrey’s unit. In 1941, in England, Birmingham Accident Hospital was opened, specially designed for injured people, this being the first trauma center worldwide. During the Golf War (1990–1991) the MASH were used for the last time, being replaced by Forward Surgical Teams, very mobile units satisfying the necessities of the nowadays infantry [1].
Nowadays, trauma meets the pandemic criteria, everyday 16,000 people worldwide are dying, injuries representing one of the first five causes of mortality for all the age groups below 60 [2]. A recent 12-month analysis of trauma pattern in the Emergency Hospital of Bucharest revealed 141 patients, 72.3% males, with a mean age of 43.52 ± 19 years, and a mean New Injury Severity Score (NISS) of 27.58 ± 11.32 [3]. The etiology was traffic related in 101 (71.6%), falls in 28 (19.9%) and crushing in 7 (5%) cases. The overall mortality was as high as 30%, for patients with a mean NISS of 37.63 [3].
At the scene, early recognition of severe injuries and a high index of suspicion according to trauma kinetics may allow a correct triage of patients [4]. A functional trauma system should continuously evaluate the rate of over- and under-triage [5]. The over-triage represents the transfer to a very severe patient to a center without necessary resources, while under-triage means a low injured patient referred to a highly specialized center. If under-triage generates preventable deaths, the over-triage comes with a high financial and personal burden for the already overloaded tertiary centers [5]. To maximize the chance for survival, the major trauma patients should be transported as rapid as possible to a trauma center [6]. The initial resuscitation of trauma patients was divided into two time intervals: ten platinum minutes and golden hour [6]. During the ten platinum minutes the airways should be managed, the exsanguinating bleeding should be stopped, and the critical patients should be transported from the scene. During the golden hour all the life-threatening lesions should be addressed, but unfortunately many patients spend this time in the prehospital setting [6]. These time intervals came from Trunkey’s concept of trimodal distribution of mortality secondary to trauma, proposed in 1983 [7]. This trimodal distribution of mortality remains a milestone in the trauma education and research, and is still actual for development but inconsistent for efficient trauma systems [8].
The concept of patients’ management in the prehospital setting covered a continuous interval, with two extremities: stay and play/treat then transfer or scoop and run/ load and go. Stay and play, usually used in Europe, implies airways securing and endotracheal intubation, pleurostomy tube insertion, and intravenous lines with volemic replacement therapy. During scoop and run, used in the Unites States, the patient is immediately transported to a trauma center, addressing the immediate life-threating injuries during transportation.
In the emergency department of the corresponding trauma center, the resuscitation of the injured patients should be done by a trauma team, after an orchestrated protocol based on Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS). The modern trauma teams include five to ten specialists: general surgeons trained in trauma care, emergency medicine physicians, intensive care physicians, orthopedic surgeons, neurosurgeons, radiologists, interventional radiologists, and nurses. In the specially designed trauma centers, the leader of the trauma team should be the general surgeon, while in the lower level centers this role may be taken over by the emergency physicians.
The implementation of a trauma system is a very difficult task, and should be tailored to the needs of the local population. For example, in Europe the majority of injuries are by blunt trauma, while in the United States or South Africa they are secondary to penetrating injuries. In an effort to analyse at a national level the performance of trauma care, we have proposed a national registry of major trauma patients [9]. For this registry we have defined major trauma as a New Injury Severity Score higher than 15. The maintenance of such registry requires significant human and financial resources, while only a permanent audit may decrease the rate of preventable deaths in the Romanian trauma care (Figure 1) [10].
Figure 1 - The website of Romanian Major Trauma Registry (http://www.registrutraume.ro).
USA - In the United States of America there are 203 level I centers, 265 level II centers, 205 level III or II centers and only 32 level I or II pediatric centers, according to the 2014 report of National Trauma Databank [11]. USA were the first which recognized trauma as a public health problem, and proceeded to a national strategy for injury prevention, emergency medical care and trauma research. In 1966, the US National Academy of Sciences and the National Research Council noted that ‘’public apathy to the mounting toll from accidents must be transformed into an action program under strong leadership’’ [12]. Considerable national efforts were made in 1970s, when standards of trauma care were released and in 1990s when ‘’The model trauma care system plan’’[13] was generated. The American College of Surgeons introduced the concept of a national trauma registry in 1989. The National Trauma Databank became functional seven years later, in 2006 being registered over 1 million patients from 600 trauma centers [14].
Mortality from unintentional injury in the United States decreased from 55 to 37.7 per 100,000 population, in 1965 and 2004, respectively [15]. Due to this national efforts, 84.1% of all Americans have access within one hour from injury to a dedicated trauma care [16].
Canada - A survey from 2010 revealed that 32 trauma centers across Canada, 16 Level I and 16 Level II, provide definitive trauma care [18]. All these centers have provincial designation, and funding to serve as definitive or referral hospital. Only 18 (56%) centers were accredited by an external agency, such as the Trauma Association of Canada. The three busiest centers in Canada had between 798–1103 admissions with an Injury Severity Score over 12 in 2008 [18].
Australia - Australia is an island continent, the fifth largest country in the world, with over 23 million people distributed on this large area, a little less than the United States. With the majority of these citizens concentrated in large urban areas, access to the medical care for the minority of inhabitants distributed through the territory is quite difficult. The widespread citizens cannot be reached by helicopter, restricted to near-urban regions, but with the fixed wing aircraft of the Royal Flying Doctor Service, within two hours [13]. In urban centers, the trauma care is similar to the most developed countries, while for people sparse on large territories the trauma care is far from being managed in the ‘’golden hour’’, often extending to the ‘’Golden day’’ [19].
Germany - One of the most efficient European trauma system is in Germany. Created in 1975 on the basis of the Austrian trauma care, this system allowed an over 50% decreasing of mortality, despite the increased number of injuries. According to the 2014 annual report of the Trauma Register of German Trauma Society (DGU), there are 614 hospitals submitting data, with 34.878 patients registered in 2013 [20]. The total number of cases documented in the Trauma Register DGU is now 159.449, of which 93% were collected since 2002. In the 2014 report, from 26.444 patients with a mean age of 49.5% and a mean ISS of 16.9, the observed mortality was 10% [20].
The United Kingdom - In 1988, a report of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, analyzing major injuries concluded that one third of deaths were preventable [21]. In 2000, a joint report from the Royal College of Surgeons of England and of the British Orthopedic Association was very suggestive entitled "Better Care for the Severely Injured" [22]. Nowadays the Trauma Audit Research network (TARN) is an independent monitor of trauma care in England and Wales [23]. TARN collects data from hospitals for all major trauma patients, defined as those with a hospital stay longer than 72 hours, those who require intensive care, or in-hospital death. A recent analysis of TARN data, looking at the cost of major trauma patients revealed that the total cost of initial hospital inpatient care was £19.770 per patient, of which 62% was attributable to ventilation, intensive care and wards stays, 16% to surgery, and 12% to blood transfusions [24].
Global health care models
Countries where is applied
Functioning concept
Total healthcare costs from GDP
Bismarck model
Germany
Privatized insurance companies (approx. 180 nonprofit sickness funds). Half of the national trauma beds are publicly funded trauma centers; the remaining are non-profit and for-profit private centers.
11.1%
Beveridge model
United Kingdom
Insurance companies are non-existent. All hospitals are nationalized.
9.3%
National health insurance
Canada, Australia, Taiwan
Fusion of Bismarck and Beveridge models. Hospitals are privatized, but the insurance program is single and government-run.
11.2% for Canada
The out-of-pocket model
India, Pakistan, Cambodia
The poorest countries, with undeveloped health care payment systems. Patients are paying for more than 75% of medical costs.
3.9% for India
GDP – gross domestic product
Table 1 - Global health care models with major consequences on trauma care [17].
Traumas continue to be a major healthcare problem, and no less important than cancer and cardiovascular diseases, and access to dedicated and timely intervention maximizes the patients’ chance for survival and minimizes the long-term morbidities. We should remember that one size does not fit in all trauma care. The Romanian National Trauma Program should tailor its resources to the matched demands of the specific Romanian urban and rural areas.
45
Tsyhaniuk, Dmytro, and Wiafe Nti Akenten. "Examining Budgeting and Fund Allocation in Higher Education." Financial Markets, Institutions and Risks 5, no. 4 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/fmir.5(4).128-138.2021.
Full textAbstract:
This study assesses the factors influencing the discontinuance of the norm-based and incremental budgeting approaches in higher education in Ghana. The National Council for Tertiary Education (NCTE – the coordinating body for tertiary education in Ghana) and the Ministry of Education of Ghana established norms in the early 1990s to assist higher education institutions in planning and ensuring efficiency of their operations and foster performance monitoring and evaluation. The norms also serve as standardized input factors for budgeting and allocating public funds for higher education. During the past years, budgetary allocation to higher education institutions for recurrent expenditure has fallen short of the norm-based costs. Indeed, the difference between the norm-based costs of university education and resources made available to the institutions by the Government was 28.9% in 2005/06 and 23.4% in 2009/10. It was also argued that the bases for funding tertiary education were not planned outputs of tertiary education. The fund allocation model was not programme-linked as initially thought. The consequence of the inability of the state to provide funds to meet the norm-based costs of higher education is the breakdown of norm-based budgeting, which was instituted in the early 1990s and a reversion to incremental and ad-hoc budgeting without due regard the volume of activities performed by the institutions. it is proposed that the Government of Ghana acting in concert with the National Council for Tertiary Education and tertiary institutions should regularly assess the developments in the tertiary education system and determine mission and purposes of tertiary education in Ghana as the basis for allocating public funds tertiary education institutions. The afore-made recommendations impose responsibilities on the Ministry of Education, the National Council for Tertiary Education and tertiary education institutions. This development has had grave consequences for higher education equity and efficiency in fund management.
46
Danso, Seth Asare. "Moral Education and the Curriculum: the Ghanaian Experience." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 6, no. 01 (January 16, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v6i1.el05.
Full textAbstract:
Moral Education is provided by major institutions within the civil society. The social institutions include the family, religious bodies, the mass media and the school. This paper examined the nature of Moral Education that has been provided in the Ghanaian basic schools during the pre-colonial period (1820 up to 1850), the colonial period (1851-1956) and the post-colonial period (1957-2017). A theoretical framework was provided for the study based on three approaches to moral education, namely: Indoctrinative approach, Romanticist approach and Cognitive-Structural approach. A content analysis of educational policy documents and interviews were used for the collection of data. The findings of the research revealed that one of the colonial policies that promoted Moral Education in Ghana was the teaching of morality in public schools based on Christianity, using the Indoctrinative approach. However, this religious approach to morality changed to secular approach during the post-colonial period in Ghana, due to the pluralistic nature of the Ghanaian society. This led to the introduction of “Moral Teaching”, “Civics” and later “Citizenship Education”. The study welcomed the current policy of separating Religious Education from Moral Education by introducing the teaching of “Civic and Moral Education” and “Religious Studies” at the Colleges of Education, as proposed by the National Council for Tertiary Education. It finally recommended that the Department of Arts Education of the University of Cape Coast began to train teachers who will teach these two courses at the Colleges of Education level. This will equip the teacher trainees with the pedagogical knowledge and skills required for the effective implementation of this new Moral Education programme in Ghanaian basic schools.
47
Segbenya, Moses, Nana Yaw Oppong, and Sally Abena Baafi-Frimpong. "The role of national service in enhancing employability skills of tertiary graduates in Ghana: a case of national service personnel in the Central Region." Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (February 18, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/heswbl-07-2020-0162.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeOne of the means to enhance the employability skills of tertiary graduates transiting into the job market has been the compulsory national service instituted by the Government of Ghana. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to examine the contribution of the mandatory national service to enhance the employability of tertiary graduates in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachThe study used the longitudinal descriptive survey design to sample 375 national service personnel (2018 and 2019 batches) of 13,874 service personnel posted to the Central Region of Ghana, and 31 employers.FindingsThe study found human relation, communication and experience to enter the job market were perceived higher by tertiary graduates in Ghana. It was also found that the preferred employers amongst tertiary graduates were the government, multinational companies and public schools. Skills mismatch between the acquired skills of tertiary graduates and the skills required by employers was also found. Responsible factor identified was the posting of personnel for national service without considering their academic background and future job aspirations. Tertiary graduates transiting into the job market after the national service preferred to be employed by the government because of the lack of entrepreneurial skills.Practical implicationsTherefore, it was recommended that the national service secretariat post national service personnel to organisations that reflect personnel's career aspiration.Originality/valueThis is original research carried out by the researchers and was not sponsored by any organisation/institution.
48
Afari-Asiedu, Samuel, Marlies Hulscher, Martha Ali Abdulai, Ellen Boamah-Kaali, Heiman F. L. Wertheim, and Kwaku Poku Asante. "Stakeholders’ perspectives on training over the counter medicine sellers and Community-based Health Planning and Services facilities to dispense antibiotics in Ghana." Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice 14, no. 1 (July 22, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40545-021-00349-0.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Dispensing of antibiotics by over the counter medicine sellers (OTCMS) is a major driver of inappropriate use and resistance in low and middle income countries. Recent studies in Ghana revealed the need to consider training OTCMS and Community-based Health Planning and Services (CHPS)/health posts to dispense some antibiotics. Feasibility of training OTCMS and CHPS to dispense some antibiotics was explored in this study. Methods This was an explorative study involving 10 in-depth interviews (IDIs) among staff of Ghana health services (GHS), pharmacy council and the association of OTCMS at the district and regional levels. Next, findings were presented to the Ghana Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) platform for further discussions at the national level. Five IDIs were also performed among selected members of the AMR platform as a follow-up on emerging issues. Data were thematically analysed and presented as narratives with quotes to support the findings. Results Two opposing views were found in our study. Leadership of OTCMS and GHS staff at the district health directorate supported the suggestion that OTCMS and CHPS should be trained to dispense specific antibiotics because they are already dispensing them. The leadership of OTCMS explained that some of their members are experienced and could be trained to improve their practices. In contrast, participants from pharmacy council, GHS in the region and national AMR platform generally alluded that OTCMS and CHPS should not be trained to dispense antibiotics because their level of education is inadequate. GHS personnel from the region further explained that training OTCMS could further compromise inappropriate antibiotic use in the context of already weak regulation enforcement. GHS and pharmacy council in the region rather suggested that OTCMS and CHPS should focus on public health education on disease prevention and appropriate antibiotic use. Conclusions There is general lack of consensus among stakeholders on whether OTCMS and CHPS should be trained to dispense specific antibiotics. Further stakeholder engagement is required to carefully consider this suggestion as views on feasibility differ. Ministries of health and healthcare agencies in Ghana and LMIC should improve access to approved health services to improve antibiotic use in rural settings.
49
Ajei, Martin Odei. "Educating Africans: Perspectives of Ghanaian Philosophers." Phronimon 19 (January 14, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2413-3086/5277.
Full textAbstract:
This paper reflects on the foundational principles and strategies for tertiary education in Africa. Since the early 1940s, Ghanaian philosophers have advanced unambiguous perspectives on education policy in Africa. Although the integrity and cogency of these perspectives have remained intact for over 60 years, they have not yet found expression in public policy formulation. Available evidence suggests that Africa has so far remained impervious to the perspectives and strategies for education outlined by Ghanaian philosophers since Nkrumah’s overthrow from the presidency in Ghana. Current African Union strategies on education, articulated in Agenda 2063, seem to validate the resistance by national governments to these philosophical perspectives. This paper seeks to argue that what these philosophers espouse are excellent conceptual models worthy of development and implementation in Africa; and that in service of a sounder educational future for Ghana and Africa than that which currently prevails, a sankofa approach to the conceptualisation of education, which incorporates these Ghanaian philosophical perspectives, is desirable.
50
Kumi, Frank, Amos A. Bugri, Stephen Adjei, Elvis Duorinaa, and Matthew Aidoo. "Quality of acute ischemic stroke care at a tertiary Hospital in Ghana." BMC Neurology 22, no. 1 (January 17, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12883-021-02542-9.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Information on the quality of acute ischemic stroke care provided in lower-to-middle income countries is limited. Objective This study was undertaken to examine the quality of acute ischemic stroke care provided at Tamale Teaching Hospital in Ghana. Methods The medical records of patients admitted into the medical ward of the hospital between January to October 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. Extent of compliance to 15 stroke performance indicators were determined. Results Under the study period, 105 patients were admitted at the hospital with acute ischemic stroke. The mean (±SD) age was 65 ± 12 years; 38.1% were males; 65.7% had National Health Insurance Scheme coverage. Glasgow Coma Scale was the only functional stroke rating scale used by physicians to rate stroke severity. About a quarter of the patients had CT scan performed within 24 h of admission. Less than a quarter of the patients had a last known well time documented. Rate of thrombolytic administration was 0%. Less than a quarter of the patients were prescribed venous thromboembolism prophylaxis on the day of admission or day after. Only 13.8% of patients had documented reasons for not being prescribed venous thromboembolism prophylaxis. Antiplatelet therapy was prescribed to 33.3% of the patients by the end of day 2 of admission. Anticoagulation was prescribed to all patients who had comorbid condition of atrial fibrillation as part of the discharge medications. More than half of the patients were discharged to go home with statin medications. Documented stroke education was provided to 31.4% caretakers or patients. Slightly less than half of the patients were assessed for or received rehabilitation. Less than a quarter had documented dysphagia screening within 24 h of admission. None of the patient had their stroke severity rated with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale on arrival. No patient obtained carotid imaging assessment by end of day 2. Conclusion There were several gaps in the quality of acute ischemic stroke care provided to patients at the Tamale Teaching Hospital. With the exception of discharging patients on statin medications, there was poor adherence to all other stroke performance indicators.