Academic literature on the topic 'National League for the Protection of the Family'
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Journal articles on the topic "National League for the Protection of the Family"
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Dickinson, Edward Ross. "Reflections on Feminism and Monism in the Kaiserreich, 1900–1913." Central European History 34, no. 2 (June 2001): 191–230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691610152977947.
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The League for the Protection of Motherhood (Bund für Mutterschutz und Sexualreform, or BfM) was the largest and most active sex-reform organization in Germany before the First World War. The league was at the center of a broad debate about sexuality, gender roles, the family, and population policy, in which representatives not only of the women's movements but also of the Christian churches, the medical and psychiatric establishments, and the sexology, eugenics, and life-reform (particularly nudist) movements participated. Both this broader debate and the BfM itself have been the subject of intensive study over the past fifteen years. One major interpretive focus of the literature to date has been on the issue of the extent to which the biologistic, social Darwinist, and eugenic ideas prominent in the thinking of many of the leading figures in the BfM were or were not evidence of a turning away from liberal, individualist feminism and toward the political and social Right, or of deeper intellectual affinities between National Socialism and sex reform — a point regarding which there is still considerable disagreement.
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HOSSAIN, MUHAMMAD BELAL. "Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman: His Life and Contributions to the Independence Movement." Dhaka University Arabic Journal 23, no. 26 (June 14, 2024): 179–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.62295/mazallah.v23i26.67.
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Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was the main architect of the state of Bangladesh. He was born in a respectable Muslim family on 17 March 1920. He dedicated his valuable time of his life for independence of Bangladesh. He started his political life when he was a student of Gopalganj Missionary School in 1939. In 1940 Sheikh Mujib joined All India Muslim Students Federation and elected as a counselor for one year. Bangabandhu was involved actively in struggle for Pakistan state in 1942 when he was studying at Kolkata Islamic Collage. He played significant role in protecting Muslim community during the violence between Hindu and Muslim after separation of India and the birth of Pakistan in 1947. Bangabandhu established "East Pakistan Muslim Student League" on 4th January 1948 when he was studying at the University of Dhaka and he proposed All party State Language movement Council. He played a key role in 1952 from the central jail when he was a prisoner and he demanded recognition of Bangla as the state language of East Pakistan. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was elected General Secretary of East Pakistan Awami Muslim League at its council on 9th July 1953. Bangabandhu won in the first General Election of East Bengal Legislative Assembly held on 10 March from Gopalganj. Bangabandhu took charge of the ministry of Agriculture and Forests on 15th March. He proposed historical six-point Charter of demand at a national convention of the opposition parties at Lahore on 5th February 1966. On 1st March 1966 Bangabandhu was elected the president of Awami League. On 23 February 1969 the central Student Action Council arranged a meeting at the Racecourse and Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was publicly honored as "Bangabandhu" at this meeting of one million people. On 5th December, Bangabandhu declared East Pakistan would be called Bangladesh. His historical speech on 07 March 1971 was a clear declaration of independence.
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Semenova, Inna Yu. "THE WORK OF PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS OF THE CHUVASH ASSR ON STRENGTHENING THE FAMILY (on the materials of the Chuvash regional council of the Militant Atheists League)." Historical Search 1, no. 3 (December 21, 2020): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2020-1-3-53-61.
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The article is devoted to the activities of the public organization of the Chuvash ASSR, which launched its intense activity in the territory of the national region in the 30–40s of the 20th century. On the basis of unpublished sources contained in the State Historical Archive of the Chuvash Republic, the article analyzes the work of the Chuvash Regional Council of the Militant Atheists League (1927–1941) in the direction of anti-religious education in the family. The author notes that religious dogmata which for many centuries had been defining the marital sphere were subjected to criticism and persecution by the proletarians, which could not but affect the family values and principles in undereducated workers’-and-peasants’ families of the Chuvash.
According to the results of the study, the state policy of the Soviet power concerning marriage and family is determined; the conclusion is made about a significant influence of this public organization on the family; attention is drawn on its positive aspects of work in lower class families of workers’ and peasants’ families of Chuvashia. At the same time, the article notes discontent with the cultural and religious transformations which were carried out among some of undereducated inhabitants of the Republic, especially female workers and peasants, who were afraid of possible families breakdown due to their equalization in rights with men, increased female political activity (the work of female sectors of the ACP(b) Women’s Department and territorial organizations of women’s movements as well as due to the social policy for protecting motherhood and infancy carried out by the Soviet power.
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Kisselev, Andrei K. "The League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (1983)." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 1, S1 (1985): v—vi. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00043521.
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The League of Red Cross Societies is the international federation of the 130 National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, which together have a membership of more than 230,000,000. The League is one of the three components of the International Red Cross, the others being the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the National Red Cross/Red Crescent Societies.The ICRC acts as a neutral intermediary in humanitarian matters during international conflicts, civil wars and internal disturbances, providing protection and assistance to victims, prisoners of war and civilian detainees. The League objective is to facilitate, encourage and promote the humanitarian activities of its member societies and thus contribute to the promotion of peace in the world.
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Nahorna, V. O. "FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL MINORITY RIGHTS PROTECTION IN INTERNATIONAL LAW." Legal horizons 33, no. 20 (2020): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/legalhorizons.2020.i20.p159.
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The article focuses on the evolutionary development of international legal regulation in the field of protection of the national minority rights from the Westphalian system of international relations to the present. The aspiration of non-dominant groups to preserve their cultural, religious, or ethnic background was manifested simultaneously with the emergence of nation-states in the seventeenth century. However, since then, the international community has not reached a consensus on the content of the concept of minority: a unified approach to the issue has not been elaborated in either international legal acts, law doctrine, or judicial practice. At the universal level, the protection of minority rights in international law was institutionalized only during the functioning of the League of Nations. The established procedures for the implementation and control over the observance of minority rights within the League of Nations were elaborated in sufficient detail and provided for effective collective security measures to resolve international disputes and problems arising in connection with the protection of minority rights. Indeed, this system also had a number of significant shortcomings that were subsequently taken into account when establishing mechanisms for the protection of minority rights within the United Nations. In reviewing international legal acts after 1945, the following general tendency should be emphasized. It concerns the adoption of a large array of documents in this field, most of which are advisory and general in nature. This is explained by the fact that minority issues are a sensitive area of public relations, and states are reluctant to make this sphere regulated by international law. The Council of Europe Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities (1995) became the first legally binding legislative act on the protection of minorities in general, and this fact makes it fundamentally important. The absence of the norms directly aimed at the protection of national minorities in the catalog of rights guaranteed by the European Convention on Human Rights (1950) cannot but affects the efficient application of the mechanism of the European Court by national minorities. However, the link between human rights violations and minority rights allows the latter to fight for the restoration of individual human rights protected by the European Convention, which undoubtedly plays a positive role in the context of the protection of collective minority rights. Keywords: national minorities, periodization, universal system for the protection of human rights, Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, ECHR.
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Savage, Jason, Chloe Hooke, John Orchard, and Richard Parkinson. "The Incidence of Concussion in a Professional Australian Rugby League Team, 1998–2012." Journal of Sports Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/304576.
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Background. Rugby league is a physically demanding team sport and the National Rugby League is the highest-level competition of rugby league in Australia. Frequent tackles and collisions between players result in a high incidence of injury to players. Concussion injuries have been the source of much debate, with reporting varying greatly depending on the definition used.Method. Injury records of 239 players from one professional National Rugby League were analysed during a continuous period of 15 years, with particular interest in the incidence and recurrence of concussions and the change in incidence over time.Result. A total of 191 concussions were recorded, affecting 90 players. The incidence of concussion injuries was found to be 28.33 per 1000 player match hours, with an increase over time (P=0.0217). Multiple concussions were recorded for 51 players.Conclusion. A statistically significant increase in the incidence of concussion injuries was found, without a concurrent increase in the number of head injuries or total injuries. New rules which mandate removal of players from the field may be beneficial for protection of players on the long term, although they risk being counterproductive, if they make players less likely to report their symptoms during matches.
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Caron, Jeffrey G., Gordon A. Bloom, Karen M. Johnston, and Catherine M. Sabiston. "Effects of Multiple Concussions on Retired National Hockey League Players." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 35, no. 2 (April 2013): 168–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.35.2.168.
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The purpose of this study was to understand the meanings and lived experiences of multiple concussions in professional hockey players using hermeneutic, idiographic, and inductive approaches within an interpretative phenomenological analysis. The interviewer was an athlete who had suffered multiple concussions, and the interviewees were five former National Hockey League athletes who had retired due to medically diagnosed concussions suffered during their careers. The men discussed the physical and psychological symptoms they experienced as a result of their concussions and how the symptoms affected their professional careers, personal relationships, and quality of life. The former professional athletes related these symptoms to the turmoil that is ever present in their lives. These findings are of interest to athletes, coaches, sport administrators, family members, sport psychology practitioners, and medical professionals, as they highlight the severity of short- and long-term effects of concussions.
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Bauchrowicz-Tocka, Maria. "Posłanki – liderki Ligi Kobiet (na wybranym przykładzie)." Czasopismo Naukowe Instytutu Studiów Kobiecych, no. 1(10) (2021): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/cnisk.2021.01.10.06.
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The article presents the participation in parliamentary work of the co-founder and activist of the League of Women, MP of the National National Council, the Legislative Sejm and the Sejm of the first term of office Maria Jaszczukowa. The MP was the rapporteur for the abortion law adopted in 1956 and became its “media face”. Sejm speeches by Jaszczukowa also concerned issues in the field of family law, social matters, and professional activity of women. The solutions and legal regulations proposed by her from the parliamentary tribunal harmonized with the program of the Women’s League. The question of the real effectiveness and influence of the League’s deputies on the government’s policy at the time remains unanswered.
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DEGTYAREV, Serhii, and Yevhen SAMOILENKO. "LEAGUE OF NATIONS AND PROTECTION OF NATIONAL MINORITIES IN EASTERN EUROPEAN STATES (1919 – 1946)." Східноєвропейський історичний вісник, no. 12 (September 5, 2019): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.24919/2519-058x.12.177549.
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II, Robert W. Turner, Robert Turner, Amanda Sonnega, Tim Cupery, Evelyn Bush, Teri Rosales, and James S. Jackson. "RELIGIOUS ATTENDANCE, SOCIAL SUPPORT, AND SELF-RATED HEALTH IN FORMER NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE ATHLETES." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2306.
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Abstract Concern exists about the health and well-being of football players, yet little research exists on the psychosocial risk and protective factors of NFL athletes’ well-being. This study assesses the role of religious attendance, social support, and self-rated health in former NFL athletes. Data comes from a stratified, random sample of 1,063 former NFL players. A set of nested linear regression models evaluated the relationship between self-rated health status and two indices of social support (family and friends) and attendance at religious services. Frequent attendance at religious services (β=0.19, p<.01), support from family (β=0.06, p<.05), and support from friends (β=0.06, p<.01) are positively and significantly related to better self-rated health. The ability to get out of the house did not affect these associations. However, the pain symptoms index fully accounted for any positive effect of family support and religious attendance in self-rated health.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "National League for the Protection of the Family"
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Martin, MaryAnn Elizabeth. "Immigrant family, national borders: mainstream and diasporic news media, audiences, and the Oklahoma Taxpayer and Citizen Protection Act." Diss., University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/706.
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This study examined the role mass media play in animating the relationship between globalization and the nation-state. This study interrogated this relationship using a multi-method approach that analyzed news coverage, the general "media climate" in Oklahoma, and audience responses to the media climate regarding the Oklahoma Taxpayer and Citizen Protection Act, a comprehensive immigration reform bill passed into law in 2007.
The key goals of this study were to examine the ways in which news media in Oklahoma cover the issue of immigration, particularly as it relates to the Oklahoma Taxpayer and Citizen Protection Act, in order to garner a deeper understanding of the ways in which the mass media participate in global processes while cementing the national imagined community. Moreover, by examining audience interpretations of news coverage from mainstream and diasporic news outlets regarding this legislation, this study provided insight into the ways messages about the immigrant family and its contingent gender roles circulate and incorporate into day-to-day culture and how, in turn, these cultural meanings are put into the service of the nation-state.
This study used a multi-method approach comprising of a textual analysis of the bill itself and news coverage of the two largest English-language newspapers in the state. I also analyzed the text of a Spanish-language paper based in Tulsa and conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with various state legislators, journalists, community members, and staff members at and clients of the Latino Community Development Agency in Oklahoma City.
In my analysis of the text of the Oklahoma Taxpayer and Citizen Protection Act, or, as it is commonly referred to, HB 1804, I argue that the bill established the ideological parameters of the immigration reform debate in the state. The text of the bill also reifies the nation-state, produces a subaltern immigrant community without recourse to the legal system, and provides a template of the ideal U.S. citizen through its representation of the deviant immigrant. My textual analysis of the two largest English-language newspapers in Oklahoma posits that these news discourses criminalize the immigrant, and gender, racialize, and class the immigrant worker, family unit, and its contingent members. As a result, the news coverage can be seen to highlight the ways in which 1804 is an attempt at resistance to global intrusions in Oklahoma and to offer assurance to the citizen community that cultural turmoil will be calmed. The figures of the bill's main author and the Catholic Church also symbolize the tension between the nation-state and the global in these news discourses. Finally, I argue that the Spanish-language media and the LCDA serve to unify the Latino community in Oklahoma in the context of immigration reform discourses, regardless of legal status, providing cultural sustenance and support when 1804 would deny this to the immigrant community.
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Šarkauskaitė, Sandra. "A right of an illegally residing third-country national to stay in the European Union on the grounds of the protection of the family life." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130205_090419-66247.
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This Master Thesis reveals how illegally residing TCN family members of static European Union citizens might get residence rights by relying on EU law; it also distinguishes the existing problems related to residence rights of illegally residing TCNs and proposes theoretical and practical solutions. The first part of the Master Thesis reveals how the EU may protect family rights despite the fact that it has no competence in human rights’ area and discloses what family mebers are being protected in the EU. The second part proves that illegally residing TCNs have possibilities to get residence rights in the EU on the grounds of the protection of their family life by relying on Article 7 of the Charter, the norms of Return directive and the citizenship status of family members – EU citizens. The third part discloses that the case-law of the EUCJ does not ensure for illegally residing TCNs adequate protection of their family life because the practise of the EUCJ in illegally residing TCNs’ cases is too heterogeneous and the Court applies insufficient criteria. Therefore seeking to find out what additional criteria could be applied in illegally residing TCNs’ cases an expert survey has been conducted and a set of criteria, which could be applied in all illegally residing TCNs’ cases related to residence rights, has been suggested.Magistro baigiamajame darbe išanalizuota, kaip Europos Sąjungos piliečių, nesinaudojančių judėjimo laisve, šeimos nariai – nelegaliai gyvenantys trečiųjų šalių piliečiai – gali gauti teisę gyventi šalyje, remdamiesi Europos Sąjungos teise; darbe išryškintos pagrindinės problemos, susijusios su nelegaliai gyvenančių trečiųjų šalių piliečių teisėmis gyventi šalyje bei pasiūlyti teoriniai bei praktiniai problemų sprendimai. Pirmoje darbo dalyje išaiškinta, kaip Europos Sąjunga gali ginti šeimos teises, nepaisant to, kad ES neturi kompetencijos žmogaus teisių srityje bei atskleista, kokie šeimos nariai yra saugomi Europos Sąjungoje. Antroje dalyje įrodyta, kad, siekant apsaugoti šeimos gyvenimą, nelegaliai gyvenantys trečiųjų šalių piliečiai turi galimybių gauti teisę gyventi šalyje, remdamiesi 7 Chartijos straipsniu, Grąžinimo direktyvos nuostatomis ir Europos Sąjungos piliečių pilietybės statusu. Trečioje dalyje atskleista, kad Europos Sąjungos Teisingumo Teismo praktika neužtikrina nelegaliai gyvenantiems trečiųjų šalių piliečiams tinkamos jų šeimos gyvenimo apsaugos, nes Europos Sąjungos Teisingumo Teismo praktika nelegaliai gyvenančių trečiųjų šalių piliečių bylose yra nevienalytė ir Teismas taiko nepakankamai kriterijų. Todėl, siekant išsiaiškinti, kokie papildomi kriterijai galėtų būti taikomi nelegaliai gyvenančių trečiųjų šalių piliečių bylose, buvo atlikta ekspertų apklausa ir, atsižvelgiant į gautus rezultatus, buvo pasiūlyta kriterijų visuma, kuri galėtų būti taikoma... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Hall, Jonathan. "Neglected Needs? : Establishing the extent to which non-material needs of children in emergencies are met by the national disaster plans of Jamaica." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-219919.
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This paper seeks to review the national disaster plans of Jamaica from the perspective of child protection and wellbeing in emergencies. The focus of the review is on needs associated with education, psychosocial support and family reunification (including care of unaccompanied and separated children) as these needs are often given less priority in an emergency. These are referred to collectively as the non-material needs of children in emergencies. Providing for the non-material needs of children in emergencies is an important part of preventing children from experiencing physical or sexual abuse, psychological distress, neglect and harm and it is therefore vital that these are not an afterthought but an integral part of planning for an emergency. In order to review these plans a tool in the form of a checklist of measures of international standards was compiled and applied to the plans. This paper finds that the national disaster plans of Jamaica fail to meet every measure on the compiled checklist. Children are not even mentioned as a vulnerable group in need of special attention nor are measures defined to prevent them from long-term or short term harm. The limited or non-existent extent to which children are considered is furthermore found to be an issue in national disaster planning of other states. This paper therefore recommends that the national disaster plans of Jamaica, as well as other states, be revised in partnership with local stakeholders (including children, the ultimate stakeholders) taking into consideration the findings presented.
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Housden, Martyn. "Inhabiting Different Worlds: The League of Nations and the Protection of National Minorities, 1920-30." 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/12049.
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NoIn the wake of the First World War, at a time marked by the rise of national self-determination and government based on majoritarian democracy, national minorities emerged as a controversial socio-political issue and significantsecurity challenge in Europe. Thisessay examines how leading statesmen and League of Nations officialconceptualised and shaped the international minority protection regime in Geneva, which extended primarily to the new states in Central and Eastern Europe. Equally, it addresses how “national minorities” understood their own position in Europe and their relationship to the League. Thecase is made that members of both minority and majority populations (the latter including statesmen and League officialsdid not inhabit the same psychological space in the 1920s, with the result being that the minority question remained a proverbial time bomb ticking at the heart of international relations.
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Theoret, Matthew John Ross. "The Sidney Effect: Competitive Youth Hockey and Fantasy Relationships." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4368.
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This thesis explores how a group of 17 male youth athletes, and their families, experience competitive hockey. Many of the youths seem to forge fantasy relationships with hockey celebrities, heroes, and stars -- e.g. Sidney Crosby -- emulating them with regard to the "best" attitudes, equipment, and styles of play to have or use. Their parents invest considerable amounts of money and time into their sons' participation in hockey, not because they necessarily share their sons' dreams of athletic stardom, but because they hope that it will help instill community-defined "positive" values into their sons--tools needed to become "successful" youths and, eventually, adults.
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Lasek, Adam. "Pozycja prawna gospodarstwa rolnego w polskim systemie prawnym." Doctoral thesis, 2019. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/3348.
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Gospodarstwo rolne jako współuczestnik rynku gospodarczego, ulokowane jest w wielopłaszczyznowej regulacji zarówno na gruncie prawa krajowego i wspólnotowego. Klasyczne ujęcie czynników produkcji (praca, kapitał oraz ziemia), klasyfikuje gospodarstwo rolne jako swoistego rodzaju przedsiębiorstwo, które objęte jest odrębną i preferencyjną regulacją prawną, z uwagi na strategiczny charakter i rolę dla każdego Państwa i funkcjonującego w nim społeczeństwa.
W pracy poruszono zagadnienia uwarunkowujące procesy legislacyjne w kontekście konkretnych zdarzeń polityczno-gospodarczych, które odzwierciedlały całokształt przybieranych przez Państwo koncepcji i modeli rolnictwa, jak również próbę wyważenie interesu prawa własności względem nakładanych obowiązków administracyjnych. Główny akcent w pracy położono na gospodarstwa rodzinne prowadzone przez rolników indywidualnych, które stanowią egzemplifikacje przyjętej normy programowej, wyrażonej w art. 23 Konstytucji Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej.
Charakteryzując metody badawcze przybrane w pracy, wymienić należy przeprowadzoną analizę w oparciu o metodę prawno-dogmatyczną, historyczną, prawno-porównawczą z elementami statystycznymi oraz analizy typu SWOT. Dwie pierwsze z nich najpełniej pozwalają wyprowadzić wnioski dotyczące czynników kształtujących ustrój rolny w Polsce. Dwie kolejne ukazują bezpośrednie relację związanie z ówczesnym rolnictwem oraz płaszczyzną ekonomiczno-społeczną-prawną.
Rozdział pierwszy został poświęcony zagadnieniom związanym z ewolucją instytucji gospodarstwa rolnego i jego prawnymi uregulowaniami. Przyjrzano się w nim źródłom pojęć oraz definicji gospodarstwa rolnego w ujęciu konstytucyjnym, administracyjnym i cywilistycznym. Podniesiono także kwestie dotyczące polityki rolnej, zasadności regulacji ochronnych i ustawowego wsparcia gospodarstw rolnych.
Rozdział drugi zawiera charakterystykę i ocenę korelacji prawa rolnego względem pozostałych dziedzin prawa. W dalszej części ukazano odrębność systemu ubezpieczeń społecznych, podatków, systemu obrotu i ochrony nieruchomości rolnych, odstępstwa rolnego oraz systemów wsparcia i ochrony zasobów środowiska naturalnego w gospodarstwach rodzinnych. Wyjątkowo istotną materią tego rozdziału jest również nadal aktualna kwestia egzekucji świadczeń pieniężnych z majątku gospodarstwa rolnego.
Rozdział trzeci odnosi się do zagadnień związanych z prawno-ekonomicznymi regulacjami wsparcia rodzinnych gospodarstw rolnych, w których skoncentrowano się na tematyce wpływu WPR, założeniach EFRROW, PROW w latach lata 2014–2020 i innych systemach wsparcia dla rodzinnych gospodarstw wiejskich.
Rozdział czwarty zawiera analizę komparatystyczną ustroju i rozwiązań prawnych zapewniających wsparcie dla rodzinnych gospodarstw rolnych stosowanych w Polsce i wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej.
Postawione w wstępie pracy hipotezy badawcze rozwinięto w tezach i uzasadnieniu zawartym w zakończeniu. Rozważania oparto na twierdzeniu, iż ustawodawca otacza coraz to większym zakresem regulacji tryb i funkcjonowanie gospodarstw rolnych, co determinuje pozycję prawną gospodarstwa rolnego w licznych aktach normatywnych. Wyjątkowość sektora agrarnego dodatkowo ustawodawca uwydatnia poprzez rozwinięcie oddzielnych regulacji oraz odmiennego podejścia i ujęcia sfery majątkowej rolników, jak też ich obowiązków publicznych. Wysoce rozbudowana konstrukcja instrumentów regulacyjnych stawia gospodarstwa rolne jako równoprawny podmiot gospodarczy z zapewnioną uprzywilejowaną pozycją w stosunku do silniejszych kapitałowo podmiotów na rynku gospodarki wolnorynkowej, niemniej czynniki globalizacyjne spowodowały, że do dziś wiele osób traktuje rolnictwo w sposób bagatelizujący, wynikający najprawdopodobniej z niezrozumienia znaczenia i specyfiki tego sektora, w stosunku do ogólnoświatowej części systemu gospodarczego.An agricultural holding as a co-participant of the economic market, is located in a multifaceted regulation both on the basis of national and EU law. The classic view of production factors (labor, capital and land) classifies an agricultural holding as a kind of enterprise, which is covered by a separate and preferential legal regulation, due to its strategic character and role for each State and the society functioning in it. In the dissertation issues were raised related to legislative processes in the context of specific political and economic events, which reflected the entirety of concepts and models of agriculture adopted by State, as well as an attempt to the balance between interest of property rights with imposed administrative obligations. The main emphasis was put on family farms conducted by individual farmers, which is exemplifications of the accepted program norm, expressed in art. 23 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. Characterizing the research methods adopted at work, mention should be made of the analysis based on the legal-dogmatic, historical, legal-comparative method with statistical elements and SWOT analysis. The first two of them allows to draw the most complete conclusions about the factors shaping the agricultural system in Poland. Two next shown a direct relation with the then agriculture and the economic-social-legal plane. The first chapter was devoted to issues related to the evolution of an agricultural institution and its legal regulations. It looked at the sources of concepts and definitions of a farm in constitutional, administrative and civilian terms. Also raised issues related to: agricultural policy, the legitimacy of protective regulations and statutory support for farms. The second chapter contains the characteristics and assessment of the correlation of agricultural law in relation to other areas of law. In the following, the author shows separateness of the social security system, taxes, the system of trade and protection of agricultural real estate, agricultural exemption and support and protection systems for natural resources in family farms. An extremely important matter of this chapter is also the current issue of the judicial execution of cash benefits from farm property. The third chapter refers to issues related to legal and economic regulations for supporting family farms, which focus on the impact of the CAP, EAFRD objectives, RDPs in the years 2014-2020 and other support systems for family rural households. The fourth chapter contains a comparative analysis of the system and legal solutions that provide support for family farms used in Poland and selected European Union countries. The research hypotheses put forward in the introduction were developed in the theses and substantiation contained in the conclusion. The considerations were based on the claim that the legislator surrounds the mode and functioning of farms holdings by increasing range of regulation, what determines the legal position of an agricultural holding in numerous normative acts. The legislator emphasizes the uniqueness of the agrarian sector by developing separate regulations and different approach and recognition of the farmers property sphere, as well as their public duties. The highly developed construction of regulatory instruments places agricultural holdings as an equal economic entity, with a privileged position in relation to stronger capital market players in free market economy. However, globalization factors have caused that many people still treat agriculture in a downplaying manner, probably resulting from a misunderstanding of the importance and specificity of this sector in relation to the global economic system.
Books on the topic "National League for the Protection of the Family"
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Baker, Maureen. Canadian family policies: Cross-national comparisons. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1995.
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International Association of Electrical Inspectors, ed. One-& two-family dwelling electrical systems. 3rd ed. Richardson, Tex: International Association of Electrical Inspectors, 1997.
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Stallcup, James G. One and two family dwelling: Based on the 1993 National electrical code : design, installation, inspection. Fort Worth, Tex. (6517-E Smithfield Rd., Fort Worth 76180): Grayboy Pub., 1993.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Competition in sports programming and distribution: Are consumers winning? : hearing before the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, One Hundred Ninth Congress, second session, November 14, 2006. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2007.
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W, Stallcup James, ed. Stallcup's one and two family dwellings: Based on the NEC codes and standards 1999. Fort Worth, Tex: Grayboy Pub., 1999.
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Hobart, Christine. Good practice in child protection. Cheltenham: Stanley Thornes, 1998.
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Wedded to the game: The real lives of NFL women. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2006.
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Supporting families: Child protection in the community. Chichester, England: John Wiley, 2003.
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Stallcup, James G. Stallcup's one and two family dwellings: Based on the 1996 NEC codes and standards : design, installation, and inspection. Fort Worth, Tex: Grayboy Pub., 1996.
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Child Welfare League of America. Committee on Standards for Services for Abused or Neglected Children and their Families. Child Welfare League of America standards for service for abused or neglected children and their families. Washington, D.C: The League, 1989.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "National League for the Protection of the Family"
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Sandin, Bengt. "Recognizing Children’s Rights: From Child Protection to Children’s Human Rights—The 1979 Swedish Ban on Corporal Punishment in Perspective." In The Politics of Children’s Rights and Representation, 31–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04480-9_2.
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AbstractSweden, taken alone or in conjunction with the other Nordic countries, is commonly perceived as a nation where the protection of children and children’s rights has significantly contributed to building both the welfare state and a national identity. The adoption of legislation that prohibits the use of corporal punishment within the family in 1979 is often seen as an example of Sweden’s modernization and commitment to the welfare state and has made the country perform as one of the leaders in the struggle for children’s rights. This chapter looks back at the political situation that has allowed the introduction of a legal ban on corporal punishment within the family, which was built on the concomitant establishment of a new type of relationship between children, the family and the state and on the advent of a multicultural society.Children’s rights were redefined step by step as a consequence of fundamental changes in the role of the state in representing, protecting, and controlling children in institutions such as orphanages, reformatories, childcare and penal institutions under state and government responsibility as well as in schools and in the family. The direct disciplining of children’s bodies by corporal punishment and humiliating treatment was curtailed and prohibited in public institutions and in due time also the role of the family. The discourses evolved around different representations of children’s individual rights, that were considered equal to those of parents, and of children’s physical, psychological and emotional integrity. The discussion evolved from a focus on the disciplining of older children to a focus on the maltreatment of infants; as a result of that corporal punishment in public institutions and educational and care facilities was banned. In the early 1960s which signified the advent of the expansion of the welfare state and family support with parental leave and childcare, corporal punishment was only accepted in the family and the integrity of the family from state regulation of the upbringing of children and gender relation was questioned. The immigrant population whose views on child rearing were presented as a problem during the 1970s necessitated more direct state intervention and policy of child protection.This position conflicted with the overriding principle concerning respect for various cultural values which formed part of Swedish immigration policy during the same period. The values concerning raising children, and the rights of children in Sweden, were established as fundamental, as human rights in a democratic society and in parity with universal democratic human rights. The 1979 Swedish law prohibiting corporal punishment of children was partly a reaction to the transformation of a relatively homogeneous society into a multicultural society but also a result of a fundamental change of the scope and organization of welfare institutions for children.
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LaRossa, Ralph. "Warfare and Parent Care: Armed Conflict and the Social Logic of Child and National Protection." In War and Family Life, 103–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21488-7_6.
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Špadina, Helga. "Migrants’ Access to Social Protection in Croatia." In IMISCOE Research Series, 81–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51241-5_5.
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Abstract This chapter focuses on migrants’ access to social protection in Croatia by providing an in-depth analysis of social entitlements in the area of family benefits, pension insurance, unemployment benefits, health care and social welfare benefits. By highlighting the partial harmonization of the national social legislation to the EU acquis, the chapter puts forward the still limited scope of social rights of EU nationals, even several years after Croatia’s accession to the EU. Non-EU nationals have even more limited access to social rights, and they do not enjoy the full scope of family benefits, the right to social housing or other specific social rights, including unemployment benefits and contributory pensions. The chapter also sheds light to on-going discussions on reform of the social system in Croatia, with possible changes of the entitlement to the national pension and family benefits reform.
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Chiaromonte, William. "Migrants’ Access to Social Protection in Italy." In IMISCOE Research Series, 241–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51241-5_16.
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Abstract This chapter presents the main characteristics of the Italian social security system, on the one hand, and Italian migration history and key policy developments, on the other hand, in order to analyze the principal eligibility conditions for accessing social benefits (unemployment, health care, pensions, family benefits and guaranteed minimum resources) for national residents, non-national residents and non-resident nationals.
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Cousins, Mel. "Migrants’ Access to Social Protection in Ireland." In IMISCOE Research Series, 225–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51241-5_15.
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Abstract This chapter focuses on the link between migration and social protection in Ireland. The chapter has two main goals. First, it presents the general legal framework regulating the social protection system in Ireland, paying particular attention to any potential differences in terms of conditions of access to social benefits between national residents, non-national residents, and non-resident nationals. Secondly, the chapter discusses how these different groups of individuals access social benefits across five policy areas: unemployment, health care, family benefits, pensions, and guaranteed minimum resources. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the relationship between migration and social protection policy.
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Fresnoza-Flot, Asuncion. "Security in Labor Migration in the Philippines: National Honor, Family Solidarity, and Migrants’ Protection." In Human Security, 95–112. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1799-2_5.
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Lazutka, Romas, and Jekaterina Navicke. "Migrants’ Access to Social Protection in Lithuania." In IMISCOE Research Series, 271–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51241-5_18.
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Abstract This chapter aims to discuss the link between migration and welfare in Lithuania. We start with presentation of the main characteristics of the Lithuanian welfare system emphasizing the access to social benefits for resident nationals, non-national residents, and non-resident nationals. Later we examine key developments of population migration to and from Lithuania. Finally, we present a detailed analysis of five social policy schemes - unemployment, health care, family benefits, pensions, and guaranteed minimum resources – from the perspective of access to social benefits of these different groups.
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Offen, Karen. "3. National or International? How and Why the Napoleonic Code Drove Married Women’s Legal Rights onto the Agenda of the International Council of Women and the League of Nations: An Overview." In Family Law in Early Women's Rights Debates, 42–59. Köln: Böhlau Verlag, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.7788/boehlau.9783412211851.42.
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Tabar, Paul, Andrew Denison, and Maha Alkhomassy. "Access to Social Protection by Immigrants, Emigrants and Resident Nationals in Lebanon." In IMISCOE Research Series, 183–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51237-8_10.
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AbstractAlthough Lebanese social protection schemes are heavily fragmented, the National Social Security Fund (NSSF) is the primary provider of end-of-service indemnity, health care and family benefits. However, only Lebanese who are formally employed or foreigners originating from countries which provide equal or better social protection to Lebanese citizens are eligible to enrol in the fund according to the 1963 Social Security Law. Those not enrolled must often rely on ad hoc social protection services provided by non-governmental or international organisations to obtain (limited) social services. Migrants, including Palestinians, Sri Lankans, Indonesians and Syrians are particularly vulnerable as they are ineligible to enrol in the NSSF. Also, Lebanese nationals residing abroad are ineligible to obtain benefits from the National Social Security Fund.
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Saar, Maarja. "Diaspora Policies, Consular Services and Social Protection for Estonian Citizens Abroad." In IMISCOE Research Series, 161–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51245-3_9.
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Abstract This chapter describes how the Estonian state’s diaspora policy has moved away from being purely culture-centred towards a more business-focused initiative. The policy has undergone few changes during the last decade and still does not focus on social protection. The state does offer basic social protection and consular services by agreement with a few countries, such as the Russian Federation. The lack of Estonian state provided social protection to nationals abroad is counteracted, in some countries, by localized national organizations which the Estonian state may or may not fund. However, an important shift is taking place in the provision of Estonian language courses and cultural programmes to support returnees and their non-Estonian family members.
Conference papers on the topic "National League for the Protection of the Family"
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Sanfelice, Fernanda Novelli, Flávio Pereira dos Santos, and Heitor Basaglia Almagro. "FAMILY AND COMUNITY MEDICINE LEAGUE LIKE APLICATION TOOL OF NEW BRAZILIAN NATIONAL CURRICULAR GUIDELINES OF MEDICINE COURSE." In XXVII Medical Academic Congress of Unicamp (CoMAU). Recife, Brasil: Even3, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29327/123579.27-1.
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Серегин, Андрей, and Andrey Seregin. "The judicial pluralism of family law: national and international legal perspectives." In International legal aspects of family law and protection of children's rights. Москва: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2972-354-371.
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Макеева, Ольга, and Olga Makeeva. "Property relations in the family: the specifics of national legal regulation and the limits of the use of foreign experience." In International legal aspects of family law and protection of children's rights. Москва: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2962-272-281.
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Sobolevskaya, O. V., and V. M. Cherepov. "CORPORATE PRACTICES ON PROTECTION OF EMPLOYEES’ HEALTH AS A FACTOR IN ACHIEVING THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS OF COMPANIES." In The 17th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» Russian National Congress with International Participation (OHRNC-2023). FSBSI «IRIOH», 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-1-4-2023-1-438-442.
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The analysis of the activities of large companies-members of the RSPP for the protection of employees’ health and their families and the prospects for its development in the context of socio-economic turbulence. The best corporate practices aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of employees and their families are presented, as well as companies’ proposals to improve the quality and efficiency of preliminary, periodic and pre-shift medical examinations. Business is ready to bear corporate social responsibility, and despite economic sanctions, most companies not only do not reduce, but expand corporate health protection programs for employees and their family members.
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Trinkūnienė, Eva, and Tatajana Viškelienė. "PROTECTION OF CREDITORS' INTERESTS IN AN EXTRAJUDICIAL DISSOLUTION." In 13th International Scientific Conference „Business and Management 2023“. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2023.1043.
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Modern society increasingly adopts the products of companies, institutions, and organizations that provide credit services in order to meet its needs and improve general quality of life, as a result of which, when terminating a marriage, questions of a mandatory nature often arise, related to the determination of the nature of the obligations of the spouses and their division between the spouses, hence in divorce cases it is not uncommon for a third party to appear – a creditor whose interests must also be protected. In family relations cases, the protection of the public interest dominates, because the protection of the legal interests of the spouses as well as the creditors must be guaranteed, also the proportionality of the protection of the legal interests protected by the law between the parties has to be achieved, because everyone has the right to defend their violated rights, and the state must ensure the protection of these legal interests. The article discusses the protection of creditors in the divorce process in the countries of the European Union, Estonia, Latvia, Slovenia, Luxembourg, in which legal systems the possibility of ending a marriage out of court exists, also the assumptions made in the national legal acts and their application practice, ensuring the protection of creditors and distinguishing its implementation problematic aspects in the civil process, are assessed, as well as the analysis of the Republic of Lithuania’s 2023 January 1 amendments to the Civil Code related to divorce outside of court entered into force is performed.
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Mitrović, Ljubinko, and Predrag Raosavljević. "HUMAN RIGHTS OMBUDSMEN IN THE PANDEMIC: CHALLENGES IN PROTECTION OF VULNERABLE GROUPS." In EU 2021 – The future of the EU in and after the pandemic. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18353.
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Pandemic of virus COVID-19 posed numerous and unprecedented challenges to citizens and authorities which required shift in behavior and actions of all segments of society. Representing Ombudsmen Institution of Bosnia and Herzegovina, authors shared their experience in monitoring implementation of the decisions of all levels of government and presented challenges in striking the right balance between interests of public health and protection of rights of vulnerable groups. Public authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina have passed emergency measures aimed at containing the spread of virus, but some of them failed to maintain human rights standards. Following the decisions of crisis centers to limit the freedom of movement, it was necessary to secure rights of children to education, protection from domestic violence and neglect in the family context. In introducing online education, authorities were asked to adapt recognition and grading system to the children in different conditions and circumstances, especially to the children with difficulties in development, children living in poverty and on margins of society such as Roma children or those living in institutions. Ombudsmen Institution registered increase in the number of domestic violence cases because measures limiting freedom of movement had impact on victims' ability to seek help from trusted sources, usually members of immediate family or representatives of law enforcement agencies. Having in mind that large number of citizens could not afford access to the official gazettes in any form, Ombudsmen requested that all enacted legislation be accessible online recommended that the decision banning reporters from conferences be reconsidered, guided by the right of citizens to be informed of their government actions. Examining the practice of placing COVID stickers on mail by the Post Office, Ombudsmen issued recommendation to stop such practice as it was deemed disproportional to the right to privacy and protection of personal data, while the protection of postal workers could have been ensured by other protective measures. It also became evident that national budgetary capacities had to be increased in order to prevent deterioration in provision of basic public services such as health and social protection, since economic consequences of the pandemic were disproportionally felt by the groups exposed to poverty, such as Roma, refugees or migrants. Drawing conclusion from concrete cases, authors offer review of particular emergency measures, analyze their adequacy, justifiability and timeliness, while presenting authorities’ response to Ombudsmen’s findings in formulating more adequate and efficient but, at the same time, least intrusive measures taken in response to the disaster. In search of common response to such widespread phenomenon, governments should recognize the intention of Ombudsmen Institutions to be in „permanent session“ over protection of vulnerable groups and should more actively involve it in discussions on emergency measures and their effect on human rights and freedoms. It proved to be better suited to act quickly, to apply more effective remedies and to correct government actions thanks to its knowledge of the local context than traditional institutions for protection of human rights, such as constitutional courts, international courts or treaty bodies.
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Lyver, John W., Peter G. Prassinos, and Chinh T. Bui. "Designing in Safety Through Early Safety Requirements Management." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63500.
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The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has developed a set of Agency-level requirements which cover the risk areas associated with the safety, reliability, maintainability and quality assurance disciplines. This set of requirements applies to NASA activities ranging from space exploration to aeronautics research to product quality to the protection of the NASA family. With the establishment of NASA’s new human exploration programs, NASA realized that it needed to develop a methodology for sorting through the wide variety of knowledge captured in the Agency requirements and identify how those requirements are applicable to each emerging program. This paper will highlight the process used by NASA to filter the thousands of requirements into a concise set which would reduce overall programmatic risk without overburdening the program.
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Tomczyk, Lukasz. "DIGITAL LITERACY IN THE AREA OF E-SAFETY AMONG TEACHERS (SECOND STAGE OF THE PRIMARY SCHOOL) IN POLAND." In eLSE 2019. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-19-087.
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The text shows the importance of digital literacy among teachers in Poland. The analysis presented in the article narrows the concept of digital literacy to security issues. The importance of the subject results from the fact that teachers constitute an important link in the development of digital security at the second educational stage. The research was carried out on a sample of 279 teachers throughout Poland in 2016. The research is part of a national studies into the field of digital security in the school and family environment. The analyzes were carried out on behalf of the Ministry of National Education, commissioned by the Cities on the Internet Association (Stowarzyszenie Miasta w Internecie). The sample amounted up to 279 educators. The research tool involved: a knowledge and skill test on e-threats and a diagnostic survey (measuring attitudes towards the new media and collecting the sociodemographic data). The DL measurement was carried out as for the following areas: ergonomics of using the digital tools, reliability of information available on the Internet, safe interactions with other users, secure logins and passwords, protection of online image, copyrights. Each area was measured using 3 questions; the total number of test questions was eighteen. The tests are the attempt to go beyond the hitherto measurements of DL based on self-declarations. The weakest results were obtained in the area of copyrights. The highest test results were obtained for question regarding the protection from hoax. Teachers-beginners got the lowest results, thus they should be provided with particular support. The research shows the heterogeneity of the DL concept and the need for a lifelong education in the area of e-threats.
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Bachir, MERMOURI. "The Reality of Reproductive Health in the Desert Environment, Field Research in the Region of Touat, Southern Algeria." In I.International Congress ofWoman's Studies. Rimar Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/lady.con1-6.
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The health issue has been and remains until now the issue of health is a fundamental issue in the lives of peoples, an issue that is always present in private and public discussions, an issue of multiple concerns, including reproductive health, which is an important indicator of development and civilization advancement, as its data reflects us the social and economic situation and the cultural level of any society, so we find International organizations and governments pay great attention to them in their policies, and it set various programs for them in order to control their mechanisms and outputs. Algeria is among the countries that have made great strides in the field of reproductive and sexual health, and this is evident in its political programs and field achievements and the activities of the health and population directorates spread across the national territory. Its programs in reproductive health are divided into two parts, programs for spacing births and family planning, and programs designed to combat maternal mortality. The Directorate of Health and Population of the Adrar Province (Touat region in southern Algeria) has recorded significant results in the field of developing health programs and raising their levels, especially the programs dedicated to the protection of motherhood and childhood, as it was able to expand health services and improve reproductive health, by reducing its risks in the Touat region and reducing mortality mothers and children, However, challenges remain as long as the population growth rates in the region is stable, and fertility rates is the highest at the national level.
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Oumelkheir, MATOUG, and AYAD Kheira. "The Legal and Political Status of Women in Algeria." In I.International Congress ofWoman's Studies. Rimar Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/lady.con1-17.
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Women have a pivotal role to play in the development and renaissance of old and modern societies, proving their potential for positive change in those societies. in various aspects of life, where it has become an important element in the process of change in society The Almighty in his book and Sunna Nabih Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), The Holy Quran set the right balance for women's dignity and gave them their full and undiminished rights to safeguard and safeguard their rights contrary to the ancient ignorant people. s rights have undergone a paradigm shift under the Prophet Muhammad, Islam emphasized the protection, empowerment, progress and justice of women's rights. Equity of treatment, right to property, education, inheritance, right to work... etc. Thus, the Islamic sharia was the precursor to the recognition of these rights before they were enshrined in international conventions, national legislation and comparison. As far as Algerian legislation is concerned, as a priority, most of the Government's programs have been established since independence. s rights ", and has been steadily strengthened in recent years as this has been reflected on the ground by the enactment of a number of legal texts in the same context so that they can be strengthened for their application, translated through, for example: Family Code, Act establishing maintenance fund, Labour Code, Health Code, Penal Code, Prison Organization Act... It has also empowered women in political participation to be an essential component of political life in accordance with the quota system through the promotion of women's political representation and public life, all within the framework of the Algerian State's ratification of international conventions in this regard
Reports on the topic "National League for the Protection of the Family"
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Sheridan, Anne. Annual report on migration and asylum 2016: Ireland. ESRI, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/sustat65.
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The Annual Report on Migration and Asylum 2016 provides an overview of trends, policy developments and significant debates in the area of asylum and migration during 2016 in Ireland. Some important developments in 2016 included: The International Protection Act 2015 was commenced throughout 2016. The single application procedure under the Act came into operation from 31 December 2016. The International Protection Office (IPO) replaced the Office of the Refugee Applications Commissioner (ORAC) from 31 December 2016. The first instance appeals body, the International Protection Appeals Tribunal (IPAT), replacing the Refugee Appeals Tribunal (RAT), was established on 31 December 2016. An online appointments system for all registrations at the Registration Office in Dublin was introduced. An electronic Employment Permits Online System (EPOS) was introduced. The Irish Short Stay Visa Waiver Programme was extended for a further five years to October 2021. The Second National Action Plan to Prevent and Combat Human Trafficking was published. 2016 was the first full year of implementation of the Irish Refugee Protection Programme (IRPP). A total of 240 persons were relocated to Ireland from Greece under the relocation strand of the programme and 356 persons were resettled to Ireland. Following an Oireachtas motion, the Government agreed to allocate up to 200 places to unaccompanied minors who had been living in the former migrant camp in Calais and who expressed a wish to come to Ireland. This figure is included in the overall total under the IRPP. Ireland and Jordan were appointed as co-facilitators in February 2016 to conduct preparatory negotiations for the UN high level Summit for Refugees and Migrants. The New York Declaration, of September 2016, sets out plans to start negotiations for a global compact for safe, orderly and regular migration and a global compact for refugees to be adopted in 2018. Key figures for 2016: There were approximately 115,000 non-EEA nationals with permission to remain in Ireland in 2016 compared to 114,000 at the end of 2015. Net inward migration for non-EU nationals is estimated to be 15,700. The number of newly arriving immigrants increased year-on-year to 84,600 at April 2017 from 82,300 at end April 2016. Non-EU nationals represented 34.8 per cent of this total at end April 2017. A total of 104,572 visas, both long stay and short stay, were issued in 2016. Approximately 4,127 persons were refused entry to Ireland at the external borders. Of these, 396 were subsequently admitted to pursue a protection application. 428 persons were returned from Ireland as part of forced return measures, with 187 availing of voluntary return, of which 143 were assisted by the International Organization for Migration Assisted Voluntary Return Programme. There were 532 permissions of leave to remain granted under section 3 of the Immigration Act 1999 during 2016. A total of 2,244 applications for refugee status were received in 2016, a drop of 32 per cent from 2015 (3,276). 641 subsidiary protection cases were processed and 431 new applications for subsidiary protection were submitted. 358 applications for family reunification in respect of recognised refugees were received. A total of 95 alleged trafficking victims were identified, compared with 78 in 2015.
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Kakuk, Petra. The Chinese Three-child Policy in Practice : Family Protection and Family-friendly Measures at the National Level, Birth Promotion Initiatives at the Local Level. Külügyi és Külgazdasági Intézet, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47683/kkielemzesek.ke-2022.27.
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In August 2021, the Chinese three-child policy took effect, ending the former restrictive population policy of the country. Low fertility intention is one of the reasons behind the rapid aging of the society in China, thus the new policy seeks to achieve its demographic goals by encouraging childbirth. The first part of this paper presents the family-friendly and family protection measures the central government has introduced in recent years. The second part, based on local family planning regulation amendment reports and related news, introduces how local childbearing promotion initiatives complement the central measures in the first four months of the three-child policy. The analysis concludes by outlining the future of the three-child policy. The policy is unlikely to reverse fertility decline and ageing, although it can slow down its pace and help China gain time to continue the development of its social care systems. It is worthwhile for Hungary to monitor what kind of unique subsidies China introduces to promote childbirth in the future.
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Murphy, Keire, and Amy Stapleton. Access to autonomous housing for beneficiaries of International Protection in Ireland. ESRI, June 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/rs184.
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Housing plays a key role in the integration of beneficiaries of international protection (BIPs). However, past research has shown that BIPs often face significant barriers in accessing housing. Many countries provide supports to access autonomous housing as a result of this. These barriers pose a challenge for BIPs, who can find themselves with limited options to exit institutional or homeless accommodation, as well as for reception systems, which require outflow to accommodate new applicants. Understanding the challenges, barriers, and good practices is therefore a crucial element of the governance of accommodation of international protection applicants (IPA) in Ireland, as well as the integration of BIPs. However, there is limited recent research on the policies and supports in place for this group, their outcomes, and the challenges and barriers faced. This report considers the situation of those who arrived in Ireland, applied for international protection, and were granted this status. Applicants for international protection, beneficiaries of temporary protection (BOTP) fleeing the conflict in Ukraine, resettled refugees, and other third-country nationals residing in Ireland are outside of the scope of this study. The report is based on desk research, interviews, and stakeholder consultation. The research found that BIPs face significant challenges and barriers in trying to access autonomous housing, and that these have resulted in over 6,000 people with status remaining in International Protection Accommodation Services (IPAS) accommodation as of January 2024. One of its key findings is that some major challenges are actually mainstream issues not specific to this group. Examples include severe shortages in the supply of social housing and affordable rental housing, inadequacies in supports such as the Housing Assistance Payment (HAP), a lack of resources and high staff turnover among frontline workers in public services, and a lack of coordination or communication between different agencies or departments. Alongside these mainstream issues, and reflecting recent European comparative research (EMN, 2024), this study also found that BIPs experience additional challenges and barriers. In Ireland, these include language barriers and a lack of knowledge or information about the system, psychological issues arising from their background and the international protection system, and discrimination in the housing market. In addition, this study shows that many challenges in the Irish context arose from existing policies concerning this group, such as isolated reception centres, which impact on employment outcomes, mental health, access to services, and social connections. Insufficient resources for transition services, the recent IPAS policy of issuing transfers to different centres, and a lack of monitoring of the housing outcomes of BIPs once they leave IPAS accommodation also emerged as challenges. Other difficulties reported include a lack of knowledge or clarity within local authorities about the rights and entitlements of this group, as well as a lack of planning for families arriving through the process of family reunification.
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Ossoff, Will, Naz Modirzadeh, and Dustin Lewis. Preparing for a Twenty-Four-Month Sprint: A Primer for Prospective and New Elected Members of the United Nations Security Council. Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54813/tzle1195.
Full textAbstract:
Under the United Nations Charter, the U.N. Security Council has several important functions and powers, not least with regard to taking binding actions to maintain international peace and security. The ten elected members have the opportunity to influence this area and others during their two-year terms on the Council. In this paper, we aim to illustrate some of these opportunities, identify potential guidance from prior elected members’ experiences, and outline the key procedures that incoming elected members should be aware of as they prepare to join the Council. In doing so, we seek in part to summarize the current state of scholarship and policy analysis in an effort to make this material more accessible to States and, particularly, to States’ legal advisers. We drafted this paper with a view towards States that have been elected and are preparing to join the Council, as well as for those States that are considering bidding for a seat on the Council. As a starting point, it may be warranted to dedicate resources for personnel at home in the capital and at the Mission in New York to become deeply familiar with the language, structure, and content of the relevant provisions of the U.N. Charter. That is because it is through those provisions that Council members engage in the diverse forms of political contestation and cooperation at the center of the Council’s work. In both the Charter itself and the Council’s practices and procedures, there are structural impediments that may hinder the influence of elected members on the Security Council. These include the permanent members’ veto power over decisions on matters not characterized as procedural and the short preparation time for newly elected members. Nevertheless, elected members have found creative ways to have an impact. Many of the Council’s “procedures” — such as the “penholder” system for drafting resolutions — are informal practices that can be navigated by resourceful and well-prepared elected members. Mechanisms through which elected members can exert influence include the following: Drafting resolutions; Drafting Presidential Statements, which might serve as a prelude to future resolutions; Drafting Notes by the President, which can be used, among other things, to change Council working methods; Chairing subsidiary bodies, such as sanctions committees; Chairing the Presidency; Introducing new substantive topics onto the Council’s agenda; and Undertaking “Arria-formula” meetings, which allow for broader participation from outside the Council. Case studies help illustrate the types and degrees of impact that elected members can have through their own initiative. Examples include the following undertakings: Canada’s emphasis in 1999–2000 on civilian protection, which led to numerous resolutions and the establishment of civilian protection as a topic on which the Council remains “seized” and continues to have regular debates; Belgium’s effort in 2007 to clarify the Council’s strategy around addressing natural resources and armed conflict, which resulted in a Presidential Statement; Australia’s efforts in 2014 resulting in the placing of the North Korean human rights situation on the Council’s agenda for the first time; and Brazil’s “Responsibility while Protecting” 2011 concept note, which helped shape debate around the Responsibility to Protect concept. Elected members have also influenced Council processes by working together in diverse coalitions. Examples include the following instances: Egypt, Japan, New Zealand, Spain, and Uruguay drafted a resolution that was adopted in 2016 on the protection of health-care workers in armed conflict; Cote d’Ivoire, Kuwait, the Netherlands, and Sweden drafted a resolution that was adopted in 2018 condemning the use of famine as an instrument of warfare; Malaysia, New Zealand, Senegal, and Venezuela tabled a 2016 resolution, which was ultimately adopted, condemning Israeli settlements in Palestinian territory; and A group of successive elected members helped reform the process around the imposition of sanctions against al-Qaeda and associated entities (later including the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant), including by establishing an Ombudsperson. Past elected members’ experiences may offer some specific pieces of guidance for new members preparing to take their seats on the Council. For example, prospective, new, and current members might seek to take the following measures: Increase the size of and support for the staff of the Mission to the U.N., both in New York and in home capitals; Deploy high-level officials to help gain support for initiatives; Partner with members of the P5 who are the informal “penholder” on certain topics, as this may offer more opportunities to draft resolutions; Build support for initiatives from U.N. Member States that do not currently sit on the Council; and Leave enough time to see initiatives through to completion and continue to follow up after leaving the Council.
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Svynarenko, Radion, Theresa L. Profant, and Lisa C. Lindley. Effectiveness of concurrent care to improve pediatric and family outcomes at the end of life: An analytic codebook. Pediatric End-of-Life (PedEOL) Care Research Group, College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7290/m5fbbq.
Full textAbstract:
Implementation of the section 2302 of the 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) enabled children enrolled in Medicaid/Children's Health Insurance Program with a prognosis of 6 months to live to use hospice care while continuing treatment for their terminal illness. Although concurrent hospice care became available more than a decade ago, little is known about the socio-demographic and health characteristics of children who received concurrent care; health care services they received while enrolled in concurrent care, their continuity, management, intensity, fragmentation; and the costs of care. The purpose of this study was to answer these questions using national data from the Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), which covered the first three years of ACA – from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2013.The database included records of 18,152 children younger than the age of 20, who were enrolled in Medicaid hospice care in the sampling time frame. Children in the database also had a total number of 42,764 hospice episodes. Observations were excluded if the date of birth or death was missing or participants were older than 21 years. To create this database CMS data were merged with three other complementary databases: the National Death Index (NDI) that provided information on death certificates of children; the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey that provided information on characteristics of communities where children resided; CMS Hospice Provider of Services files and CMS Hospice Utilization and Payment files were used for data on hospice providers, and with a database of rural areas created by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA). In total, 130 variables were created, measuring demographics and health characteristics of children, characteristics of health providers, community characteristics, clinical characteristics, costs of care, and other variables.
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Kerber, Steve, Daniel Madrzykowski, James Dalton, and Robert Backstrom. Improving Fire Safety by Understanding the Fire Performance of Engineered Floor Systems and Providing the Fire Service with Information for Tactical Decision Making. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/zcoq6988.
Full textAbstract:
This research project was a collaboration of several research organizations, product manufacturers and fire service representatives to examine hazards associated with residential flooring systems to improve firefighter safety. Funding for this project was provided through the National Institute of Standards and Technology’s American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Grant Program. The main objective of this study was to improve firefighter safety by increasing the level of knowledge on the response of residential flooring systems to fire. Several types (or series) of experiments were conducted and analyzed to expand the body of knowledge on the impact of fire on residential flooring systems. The results of the study have been prepared to provide tactical considerations for the fire service to enable improved decision making on the fire scene. Experiments were conducted to examine several types of floor joists including, dimensional lumber, engineered I-joists, metal plate connected wood trusses, steel C-joists, castellated I-joists and hybrid trusses. Experiments were performed at multiple scales to examine single floor system joists in a laboratory up through a full floor system in an acquired structure. Applied load, ventilation, fuel load, span and protection methods were altered to provide important information about the impact of these variables to structural stability and firefighter safety. There are several tactical considerations that result from this research that firefighters can use immediately to improve their understanding, safety and decision making when sizing up a fire in a one or two family home. This report summarizes the results from each of the experimental series and provides discussion and conclusions of the results.