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Journal articles on the topic 'National socialism – Germany – History'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Hartman, Bert Jan. "Het optreden van ds. Fredrik Slomp tijdens de crisisjaren en de opkomst van het fascisme." DNK : Documentatieblad voor de Nederlandse kerkgeschiedenis na 1800 44, no. 94 (2021): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/dnk2021.94.001.janh.

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Abstract The focus of this article is on the actions of Reverend Frits Slomp, vicar of the Reformed Church in Heemse, during the economic depression of the 1930s, and his response to the rise of national socialism as a new political movement. During the depression many labourers in Heemse and Hardenberg lost their jobs. Reverend Slomp put a great deal of personal effort into helping these men and into trying to solve their social-economic problems. When in 1933 the National Socialist German Workers’ Party (NSDAP) came into power in Germany and the National Socialist Party (NSB) was gaining gro

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2

Herf, Jeffrey. "The Rise of National Socialism in Germany." Contemporary European History 10, no. 3 (2001): 513–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777301003101.

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Peter Fritzsche, Germans into Nazis (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998), 269 pp., $24.95, ISBN 0-674-35091-X.Dan P. Silverman, Hitler's Economy: Nazi Work Creation Programs, 1933–1936 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998), 384 pp., $45.00, ISBN 0-674-74071-8.Roderick Stackelberg, Hitler's Germany: Origins, Interpretations, Legacies (London and New York: Routledge, 1999), 432 pp., hb, £50.00, ISBN 0-415-2011414-4.Conan Fischer, ed., The Rise of National Socialism and the Working Classes in Weimar Germany (Providence and Oxford: Berghahn Books, 1996), 256 pp., hb, $55.00, £

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3

Paver, Chloe. "The Sermon as Discursive Frame for the Nazi Past: Preaching about the German History Exhibition Neue Anfänge nach 1945?" Journal for the History of Rhetoric 26, no. 3 (2023): 331–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jhistrhetoric.26.3.0331.

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Abstract When the history exhibition Neue Anfänge nach 1945? about the transition from National Socialism to democracy toured Lutheran churches in northern Germany in the 2010s, preachers were invited to address it in their Sunday sermons. Like the speeches regularly given by civic dignitaries at German history museums, the sermons drew on democratic traditions of speaking about National Socialism. They also drew on Lutheran discursive traditions: Bible exegesis, homiletics, theology. This article considers how preachers combine a professional knowledge of what should be said about National So

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4

Steinberg, Michael Stephen, and Geoffrey J. Giles. "Students and National Socialism in Germany." American Historical Review 91, no. 4 (1986): 952. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1873418.

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5

Paver, Chloe. "Exhibiting Negative Feelings: Writing a History of Emotions in German History Museums." Museum and Society 14, no. 3 (2017): 397–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/mas.v14i3.681.

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This article moves beyond recent work on visitor emotions to ask: How are theemotions of past eras (and more particularly of twentieth-century Germany)historicized in history exhibitions? How can the academic field of the history ofemotions – which, in Germany, has been galvanized by the study of NationalSocialism and its legacies – make the transition from the written investigationsof historical scholarship to the multi-modal displays of public history? Thesequestions are of particular relevance to German exhibitions about communist EastGermany and its collapse because emotions are understood

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Petelin, Boris V. "DENAZIFICATION OF THE IDEOLOGY OF NATIONAL SOCIALISM IN OCCUPIED GERMANY 1945–1949." Vestnik of Kostroma State University 30, no. 3 (2024): 196–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2024-30-3-196-204.

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The policy of denazification pursued by the victors in occupied Germany, which is discussed in the article, is reflected in published sources, research, and memoirs. However, most of them concern practical measures aimed at eliminating the Nazi regime, primarily the identification and punishment of war criminals. It was much more difficult with the ideology of Nazism, which had penetrated deeply into German society. The problem was also the initial lack of understanding of its content and role in the formation of a totalitarian regime. The war had showed what a real threat to humanity the idea

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7

Baumert, Anna, WilhelmX Hofmann, and Gabriela Blum. "Laughing About Hitler?" Journal of Media Psychology 20, no. 2 (2008): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105.20.2.43.

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Effects of the movie My Fuehrer – The Truly Truest Truth About Adolf Hitler by Dani Levy were tested with regard to: (a) attitudes toward Hitler, (b) the perceived role of the German population in Nazi Germany, (c) the perception of present danger from national socialist tendencies, and (d) the subjective need for continued preoccupation with German history. A total of 110 Germans were invited to a cinema and randomly assigned to the control group that filled in the relevant questionnaire before the movie, or to the film group that filled in the questionnaire after the movie. The film group re

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8

Graf, Rüdiger. "Either-Or: The Narrative of “Crisis” in Weimar Germany and in Historiography." Central European History 43, no. 4 (2010): 592–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938910000725.

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The notion of “crisis” plays an important role in both the history of the Weimar Republic and the historiography on this period of German history. Modifying Max Horkheimer's famous dictum on the intrinsic connection between capitalism and fascism, one might even say that anyone who does not want to talk about “crisis” should remain silent about Weimar Germany. In the brief period between 1918 and 1933 Germany not only had to cope with the consequences of World War I and the Versailles Treaty, but also it was struck by two severe economic crises. Moreover, strong political forces relentlessly t

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9

MORAT, DANIEL. "NO INNER REMIGRATION: MARTIN HEIDEGGER, ERNST JÜNGER, AND THE EARLY FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY." Modern Intellectual History 9, no. 3 (2012): 661–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244312000248.

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Martin Heidegger and Ernst Jünger rightly count among the signal examples of intellectual complicity with National Socialism. But after supporting the National Socialist movement in its early years, they both withdrew from political activism during the 1930s and considered themselves to be in “inner emigration” thereafter. How did they react to the end of National Socialism, to the Allied occupation and finally to the foundation of the Federal Republic of Germany in 1949? Did they abandon their stance of seclusion and engage once more with political issues? Or did they persist in their withdra

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10

von Klemperer, Klemens. "Bishop von Galen: German Catholicism and National Socialism." Central European History 39, no. 1 (2006): 153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938906310060.

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Clemens August Graf von Galen (1878-1946) is popularly known as the “Lion of Münster” for his resolute opposition to Nazism, notably to Hitler's policy of euthanasia that was to cleanse Germany of the mentally retarded. Von Galen was the Bishop of Münster in Westphalia until he became a cardinal in 1946, shortly before his death. In the summer of 1941, he delivered three powerful sermons against euthanasia and the closing of monasteries. The sermons were secretly copied and distributed and also, much to the embarrassment of the Nazi regime, dropped as leaflets by the Royal Air Force over Germa

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11

Schneider, Thomas. "Ägyptologen im Dritten Reich: Biographische Notizen anhand der sogenannten „Steindorff-Liste“." Journal of Egyptian History 5, no. 1-2 (2012): 120–247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187416612x632526.

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Abstract The history of Egyptology in the Third Reich has never been the subject of academic analysis. This article gives a detailed overview of the biographies of Egyptologists in National Socialist Germany and their later careers after the Second World War. It scrutinizes their attitude towards the ideology of the Third Reich and their involvement in the political and intellectual Gleichschaltung of German Higher Education, as well as the impact National Socialism had on the discourse within the discipline. A letter written in 1946 by Georg Steindorff, one of the emigrated German Egyptologis

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Painter, Korbin. "Discrepant Oppression." Undergraduate Research Journal for the Humanities 1, no. 1 (2016): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/1808.21409.

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This research focuses on the oppression and existence of lesbian women during the National Socialist period of German history. This research also places emphasis on the importance of incorporating a lens of gender and sexuality to the study of history. This research primarily draws upon the life stories of lesbian women collected by Claudia Schoppmann, a historian of German women. This research also draws upon National Socialist propaganda and government documents. Most prior scholarship on gender and sexuality under National Socialism and the Holocaust does not include the experiences and per

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13

Cattien, Jana. "What IsLeitkultur?" New German Critique 48, no. 1 (2021): 181–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/0094033x-8732201.

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AbstractThis article interrogates the discursive regimes that underpin Leitkultur (guiding culture) discourse in contemporary Germany and argues that Leitkultur conjures Germany’s imagined “freedom from history” from within Enlightenment temporalities of liberal freedom. This requires that liberal Germany mark its limits in certain moments of German history—namely, National Socialism—while disavowing its role in the constitution of German colonialism. The return to the Enlightenment implied in hegemonic formulations of Leitkultur restores Germany’s freedom from an ugly past; this imagined retu

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14

AVRAHAM, DORON. "RECONSTRUCTING A COLLECTIVE: ZIONISM AND RACE BETWEEN NATIONAL SOCIALISM AND JEWISH RENEWAL." Historical Journal 60, no. 2 (2017): 471–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x16000406.

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AbstractSince the Nazi seizure of power in Germany in 1933, German Zionists initiated a public debate about the racial meaning of Judaism. Drawing on scientific racial, sociological, and anthropological definitions that emerged within Zionism since the late nineteenth century, these Zionists tried to counter Nazi accusations against Jews. However, as the Nazi propaganda against Judaism became widespread, aggressive, and dehumanizing, Zionists responded by traversing the academic outlines of racial categories, and popularized a constructive racial image of Jews, thus hoping to rehabilitate thei

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15

Eckert, Astrid M. "The Transnational Beginnings of West German Zeitgeschichte in the 1950s." Central European History 40, no. 1 (2007): 63–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938907000283.

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The study of Zeitgeschichte, or contemporary history, was not an invention of the postwar era. But it was in the wake of the Second World War that it carved out a space in the historical professions of the United States, Great Britain and, most pronouncedly, West Germany. In each country, it came with similar definitions: in West Germany as “the era of those living, and its scholarly treatment by academics”; in the United States as “the period of the last generation or two”; and in Britain as “Europe in the twentieth century” or “the histories of yesterday which are being written today.” Such

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Sergeenkova, I. F. "GERMAN EXPAT HISTORIANS AND THEIR ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AMERICAN HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE NATIONAL-SOCIALISM IN 1940-1960s." Вестник Удмуртского университета. Социология. Политология. Международные отношения 3, no. 4 (2019): 483–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2587-9030-2019-3-4-483-502.

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The scientific migration from the Nazi Germany to the USA is the subject of close attention by experts who study development of historical science in the USA and, in particular, such a trend as History of Germany. In the USA before the second half of the XX century not much attention was paid to the history of European countries, and a few researches on the history of Great Britain and France are just some isolated examples. Expat historians had changed the situation. The article presents an analysis of political views of German historians who left for the USA after Nazis had come to power. Ge

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17

Shoshan, Nitzan. "Hitler, for Example: Registers of National Socialist Exemplarity in Contemporary Germany." Comparative Studies in Society and History 64, no. 1 (2021): 179–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417521000438.

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AbstractThis article examines whether and how the figure of Adolf Hitler in particular, and National Socialism more generally, operate as moral exemplars in today’s Germany. In conversation with similar studies about Mosely in England, Franco in Spain, and Mussolini in Italy, it seeks to advance our comparative understanding of neofascism in Europe and beyond. In Germany, legal and discursive constraints limit what can be said about the Third Reich period, while even far-right nationalists often condemn Hitler, for either the Holocaust or his military failure. Here I revise the concept of mora

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18

Chun, Jin-Sung. "German völkisch history and Korean minjok history: Considerations on the Inextricable Link between Cultural and Ethnic Nationalism." Korean Society For German History 54 (November 30, 2023): 5–58. https://doi.org/10.17995/kjgs.2023.11.54.5.

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The German longing for the Volk as an unspoiled, immutable entity, coupled with a sense of victimization by Western modernity, provided an ideological outlet for the peoples of the non-Western world suffering under the onslaught of Western imperialism. Colonial Korea and post-liberation South Korea seem a much better comparison for German national consciousness than imperial Japan, which had many interactions with Germany, not least because similar conditions were created by the dissonance between existing states and nations. Excessive cultural nationalism, bereft of realpolitik goals, easily

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Fortuna, James J. "Fascism, National Socialism, and the 1939 New York World’s Fair." Fascism 8, no. 2 (2019): 179–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116257-00802008.

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Abstract This article considers the involvement of Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany at the 1939 New York World’s Fair. It considers the form, function, and content of the Italian Pavilion designed for this fair and asserts that the prefabricated monumental structure would be best interpreted, not in isolation, but as an element of the larger architectural conversation which continued to unfold across contemporary fascist Europe. Such reconsideration of this building makes it possible to evaluate the relationship between Fascist design, the assertion of political will, and the articulation of nat

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20

Yablokov, Boris. "Imposed Unity or Social Harmony? On the Socialist Construction Influence on the Forming of the East German Identity." ISTORIYA 15, no. 9 (143) (2024): 0. https://doi.org/10.18254/s207987840032796-4.

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Whether Germans were able to maintain their national unity during the years of postwar “disengagement” remains an ongoing question today. The painful adaptation of East Germany to the realities of the market economy led to the dismantling of the GDR&apos;s value system, and the historical memory of the GDR was also subjected to significant revision, which was facilitated by the promotion of the image of the GDR as the “SED dictatorship” in the official historiography and socio-political discourse of the FRG. These factors combined led to the social alienation of Germans in the two parts of

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21

Grenville, A. "German Literature under National Socialism." German History 2, no. 1 (1985): 65–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gh/2.1.65.

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22

Wessel, Martin Schulze. "Die Deutschen Christen im Nationalsozialismus und die Lebendige Kirche im Bolschewismus – zwei kirchliche Repräsentationen neuer politischer Ordnungen." Journal of Modern European History 3, no. 2 (2005): 147–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17104/1611-8944_2005_2_147.

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The Nazi-oriented «German Christians» and the «Living Church» in Bolshevism – Two Religious Manifestations of New Political Orders Using the examples of the «Living Church» in the early Soviet Union and the «German Christians Religious Movement» in Nazi Germany, the article compares two church bodies which emphatically supported the new political orders against tendencies in the more traditional sections of their Churches. Both designed a political theology conforming to the core elements of the new political ideology (heroisation of the faith, glorification of nation and race in National Soci

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LEE, MIA. "Nazis in the Middle East: Assessing Links Between Nazism and Islam." Contemporary European History 27, no. 1 (2016): 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777316000333.

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Since the early-2000s there has been an increasing amount of research on connections between the Nazi regime and the Arab world largely spurred by scholars of Germany. One of the key contributions of this scholarship has been the argument that historic links between National Socialism and Islam, in particular the connection between National Socialist racial ideology and contemporary anti-Semitism in the Middle East, persisted into the post-war period and crucially shaped Middle Eastern politics and policies. This approach is represented in this review in the studies by Matthias Küntzel, Jeffre

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Haynes, Stephen R. "Who Needs Enemies? Jews and Judaism in Anti-Nazi Religious Discourse." Church History 71, no. 2 (2002): 341–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640700095718.

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The so-called German Church Struggle has been a subject of scholarly study and popular interest for several decades. For obvious reasons, the minority of Germans who opposed the Nazis in word or in deed have become compelling symbols of courage and resistance, human reminders of the auspicious role religion can play in situations of political crisis. Rarely, however, has the discourse of anti-Nazi resistance been analyzed in terms of its assumptions concerning Jews, their role in Germany, or their historical destiny. When these assumptions are illuminated, it is apparent that despite their opp

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WEBER, FRIEDRICH, and CHARLOTTE METHUEN. "The Architecture of Faith under National Socialism: Lutheran Church Building(s) in Braunschweig, 1933–1945." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 66, no. 2 (2015): 340–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046913002571.

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It has frequently been assumed that church building ceased after the National Socialists came to power in Germany in 1933. This article shows that it continued, and considers the reasons why this was the case. Focussing on churches built in the Church of Braunschweig between 1933 and 1936, it explores the interactions between emergent priorities for church architecture and the rhetoric of National Socialist ideology, and traces their influence on the building of new Protestant churches in Braunschweig. It examines the way in which Braunschweig Cathedral was reordered in accordance with Nationa

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von Villiez, A. "The Emigration of Women Doctors from Germany under National Socialism." Social History of Medicine 22, no. 3 (2009): 553–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/shm/hkp101.

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Gaido, Daniel. "Archive Marxism and the Union Bureaucracy: Karl Kautsky on Samuel Gompers and the German Free Trade Unions." Historical Materialism 16, no. 3 (2008): 115–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920608x315266.

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AbstractThis work is a companion piece to ‘The American Worker’, Karl Kautsky's reply to Werner Sombart's Why Is There No Socialism in the United States? (1906), first published in English in the November 2003 edition of this journal. In August 1909 Kautsky wrote an article on Samuel Gompers, the president of the American Federation of Labor, on the occasion of the latter's first European tour. The article was not only a criticism of Gompers's anti-socialist ‘pure-and-simple’ unionism but also part of an ongoing battle between the revolutionary wing of German Social Democracy and the German tr

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Karasoy, Murad. "Effects of German Romanticism on National Socialist Education Policies: “Steely Romanticism”." Journal of Education and Learning 9, no. 1 (2020): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v9n1p69.

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National socialist education policies put into practice between 1933&ndash;1945 in Germany, has been under the influence of romanticism, which is one of the important currents in the history of German thought that began in the middle of the 19th century. Such &ldquo;being under the influence&rdquo; does not refer to a passive situation, but it rather means intentional &ldquo;exposure&rdquo; by Nazi ideologues. The meeting of Romanticism with National Socialism led to the most dramatic scenes of the history. Educational institutions, where the victims of war were trained, bi

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Gorobiy, Aleksey. "History of German Television as a Social, Cultural, and Discursive Phenomenon." Virtual Communication and Social Networks 2024, no. 1 (2024): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2782-4799-2024-3-1-15-22.

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Television is a global phenomenon with national peculiarities. This article introduces a chronological and comparative analysis of the development of television in West and East Germany. A systematic view of this phenomenon involves both technical and social aspects. From a technical innovation available to the privileged, it turned into a mass medium that performs an integrative function by shaping and broadcasting the current discourse. The research objective was to find out the specifics of television in Germany and correlate the global trends with the national context. The XX century erase

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Gałecki, Łukasz, and Andrzej W. Tymowski. "The German Democratic Republic." East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 23, no. 4 (2009): 509–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325409342115.

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The 1989 revolution in the German Democratic Republic (GDR) constituted an integral element of wider revolutionary processes in Eastern Europe. But in contrast to what happened in Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia, where the abrogation of real socialism meant return to one’s own national history, to distinctive national and state traditions, what happened in the GDR left its citizens in a great void, because they lacked a collective identity of their own. The crisis of GDR society came down to the fact that rejecting socialism meant rejecting one’s own country, and this had for a long time b

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Hendrikse, Daniël. "Dromen van een staat voor het volk." Tijdschrift voor Geschiedenis 133, no. 4 (2021): 597–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/tvgesch2020.4.001.hend.

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Abstract Dreaming of a state for the people. The German idea of a people’s state in the long nineteenth century (1789-1914) The idea of a people’s state was central to nineteenth-century German political thought from the aftermath of the French Revolution to the beginning of the First World War. However, it has not as yet been studied either systematically or thoroughly. This article explores the concept of the people’s state in German political texts, arguing that the people’s state has a double meaning: it could either be a state for the people, such as a republic, or a state with one suppos

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Dehli, Martin. "SHAPING HISTORY: ALEXANDER MITSCHERLICH AND GERMAN PSYCHOANALYSIS AFTER 1945." Psychoanalysis and History 11, no. 1 (2009): 55–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e1460823508000287.

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German post-war psychoanalysis was marked for many years by a strong narrative that assured its professional identity: psychoanalysis in Germany had been liquidated by National Socialism and had been rebuilt from scratch after 1945. The psychoanalyst Alexander Mitscherlich was both an integral part of this narrative and its most important propagator. The author analyses the genesis of this narrative, its moral and political function and finally its demise. In doing so he gives a short account of the first years of the reconstruction of psychoanalytic life in Germany after 1945. He draws on new

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Vatlin, Alexander. "From Democracy to Dictatorship: Historiographic Problems of the Sociopolitical Development of Germany in 1918—1933." ISTORIYA 14, no. 1 (123) (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840024419-9.

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The article attempts to analyze one of the most difficult historiographical problems of the recent history of Germany — the transition of the first German democracy to the National Socialist dictatorship. Its necessity is dictated by the fact that in recent years new assessments and judgments of historians have appeared in historiography, which significantly supplemented traditional approaches. The authors of the article are of the opinion that due to the relatively late political unification of Germany and the preservation of medieval monarchical traditions and structures of domination, the s

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Kostkiewicz, Janina, and Lucas B. Mazur. "Polish Catholic Concerns regarding the Rise of National Socialism in Germany." European History Quarterly 51, no. 2 (2021): 214–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02656914211004808.

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Critical discourse regarding National Socialism was well developed during the short period of the Second Polish Republic (1918–1939). These critical scholarly voices remain largely unknown. This historical discourse was in effect removed from the historical record, as these voices arose from religious, cultural, and political positions that were unacceptable to the post-war communist government – features that make these voices of such interest today. In attempting to explain the rise of Nazism, most of Western scholarship after the Second World War looks back in time through the lens of what

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STERN, FRITZ. "Five Germanys I have known." European Review 10, no. 4 (2002): 429–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798702000352.

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This is an account of my experiences, personal and professional, of five different German regimes in the last century. I was born in Breslau in 1926 — so the first Germany I knew was the Weimar Republic — and lived under National Socialism until 1938 when I emigrated to the United States, where, by 1951, I was teaching German History. I travelled to the Federal Republic for the first time in 1950 and taught at the Free University in Berlin. I worked in the archives of the German Democratic Republic in 1961 and 1962 and participated in the first German historiographical controversy in 1964 and

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Ammon, Maria, and Thomas Rosky. "Psychoanalysis and Psychodynamic Psychiatry in Germany." Psychodynamic Psychiatry 50, no. 4 (2022): 578–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pdps.2022.50.4.578.

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The authors relate the complex and eventful history of psychoanalysis and psychodynamic psychiatry in Germany. After highlighting Wilhelm Griesinger's pioneering efforts, they describe the founding of the first psychoanalytic associations and their evolution under National Socialism and during the post-World War II period. They discuss the contributions of Günter Ammon, the state of psychoanalysis and psychodynamic psychiatry in Germany, current trends, and future directions.

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37

Uhl, Heidemarie. "Of Heroes and Victims: World War II in Austrian Memory." Austrian History Yearbook 42 (April 2011): 185–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0067237811000117.

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In Tony Judt's historical essay on postwar Europe's political myths, Austria serves as a paradigmatic case for national cultures of commemoration that successfully suppressed their societies’ involvement in National Socialism. According to Judt, the label of “National Socialism's First Victim” was applied to a country that after the Anschluss of March 1938 had, in fact, been a real part of Nazi Germany. “IfAustriawas guiltless, then the distinctive responsibilities of non-German nationals in other lands were assuredly not open to close inspection,” notes Judt. When the postwar Austrian myth of

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38

Baird, Jay W., and Christa Kamenetsky. "Children's Literature in Hitler's Germany: The Cultural Policy of National Socialism." American Historical Review 90, no. 1 (1985): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1860839.

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39

Schönpflug, Wolfgang. "Professional psychology in Germany, National Socialism, and the Second World War." History of Psychology 20, no. 4 (2017): 387–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/hop0000065.

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Hackmann, Jörg. "Matthew D. Mingus. Remapping Modern Germany after National Socialism, 1945–1961." American Historical Review 125, no. 4 (2020): 1534–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/rhz120.

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Schmidt, Alexander. "The Nazi Party Rally Grounds in Nuremberg." Ex Novo: Journal of Archaeology 5 (May 24, 2021): 63–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32028/exnovo.v5i.412.

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The former Nazi Party Rally Grounds in Nuremberg reflect politics and public debates in Germany between suppression, non-observance and direct reference to the National Socialist Past since 1945. Within this debate, various ways of dealing with the architectural heritage of the National Socialism exist. Those approaches are often contradictory. Since 1945 (and until today), the former Nazi Party Rally Grounds have been perceived as an important heritage. However, despite innumerable tourists visiting the area, parts of the buildings were removed and through ignoring the historic past of the Na

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Born, Gary. "The 1933 Directives on Arbitration of the German Reich: Echoes of the Past?" Journal of International Arbitration 38, Issue 4 (2021): 417–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/joia2021022.

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In 1933, the National Socialist government of the German Reich issued a collection of directives regarding the use of arbitration to resolve disputes, focused specifically on disputes between the Reich and private parties. The 1933 Directives made a number of general criticisms of the arbitral process as a means of adjudication, and relied upon these criticisms to significantly restrict the use of arbitration to resolve disputes with German state entities. The Reich Directives provide a neglected, but instructive, historical perspective on arbitration law and practice in Germany, both in the 1

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MOMBAUER, ANNIKA. "FROM IMPERIAL ARMY TO BUNDESWEHR: CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN THE ROLE OF THE MILITARY IN GERMAN HISTORY Willensmenschen: über deutsche Offiziere. Edited by Ursula Breymayer, Bernd Ulrich and Karin Wieland. Frankfurt am Main: Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, 1999. Pp. 239. ISBN 3-596-14438-8. DM 28.80. Die anderen Soldaten: Wehrkraftzersetzung, Gehorsamsverweigerung und Fahnenflucht im Zweiten Weltkrieg. Edited by Norbert Haase and Gerhard Paul. Frankfurt am Main: Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, 1995. Pp. 240. ISBN 3-596-12769-6. DM 19.90. Das Nationalkomitee ‘Freies Deutschland’ und der Bund Deutscher Offiziere. Edited by Gerd R. Ueberschär. Frankfurt am Main: Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, 1995. Pp. 304. ISBN 3-596-12633-9. DM 24.90." Historical Journal 47, no. 1 (2004): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x03003571.

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Twentieth-century Germany's (military) history has been the subject of heated, sometimes acrimonious controversies in the Federal Republic. In recent years, historians and the German public have been engaged, for example, in debates over the relative merit of different kinds of German resistance against National Socialism, and over the place of deserters in German history of the Second World War. Such soul-searching has culminated in angry debates over the role of the Wehrmacht in crimes against humanity which followed in the wake of the exhibition ‘Verbrechen der Wehrmacht’ (crimes of the Weh

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Walker, Mark. "National Socialism and German Physics." Journal of Contemporary History 24, no. 1 (1989): 63–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002200948902400103.

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Eicher, John. "Rustic Reich: The Local Meanings of (Trans)National Socialism among Paraguay's Mennonite Colonies." Comparative Studies in Society and History 60, no. 4 (2018): 998–1028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417518000361.

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AbstractThis article compares two German-speaking Mennonite colonies in Paraguay and their encounters with Nazism during the 1930s. It focuses on their understandings of the Nazi bid for transnationalvölkischunity. Latin America presents a unique context for studying the Nazis’ relationship to German-speakers abroad because it held the allure of being the last prospect for German cultural and economic expansion, but was simultaneously impossible for the German state to invade. The Menno Colony was made up of voluntary migrants from Canada who arrived in Paraguay in the 1920s. The Fernheim Colo

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Silverberg, Laura. "East German Music and the Problem of National Identity." Nationalities Papers 37, no. 4 (2009): 501–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905990902985710.

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Caught between political allegiance to the Soviet Union and a shared history with West Germany, the German Democratic Republic (GDR) occupied an awkward position in Cold War Europe. While other countries in the Eastern Bloc already existed as nation-states before coming under Soviet control, the GDR was the product of Germany's arbitrary division. There was no specifically East German culture in 1945—only a German culture. When it came to matters of national identity, officials in the GDR's ruling Socialist Unity Party (SED) could not posit a unique quality of “East Germanness,” but could only

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Soloshenko, Viktoriia. "Overcoming the Burdensome Nazi Legacy in Germany’s Cultural Sphere (on the Example of the German Art Institutions." Diplomatic Ukraine, no. XX (2019): 720–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2019-47.

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The article examines the problem of overcoming the burdensome historical legacy of Nazism in the Federal Republic of Germany. Particular attention is attached to the mitigation of the impact of National Socialism on the cultural sphere. An important aspect of studying Nazi history is the analysis of the Weinmüller case, previously unknown archival documents that shed light on the dark pages of German history. The article discusses the place and role of the ‘Adolf Weinmüller’ art institution in Nazi art trade. It has been revealed that this famous art auction house laid the foundations for the

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Rafikova, Veronika A., and Irina A. Mironenko. "Political history" of childhood psychology in Germany during the period of National Socialism." Pushkin Leningrad State University Journal, no. 4 (2022): 352–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.35231/18186653_2022_4_352.

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Merziger, Patrick. "Humour in Nazi Germany: Resistance and Propaganda? The Popular Desire for an All-Embracing Laughter." International Review of Social History 52, S15 (2007): 275–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859007003240.

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Two directions in the historiography of humour can be diagnosed: on the one hand humour is understood as a form of resistance, on the other hand it is taken as a means of political agitation. This dichotomy has been applied especially to describe humour in National Socialism and in other totalitarian regimes. This article argues that both forms were marginal in National Socialism. The prevalence of the “whispered jokes”, allegedly the form of resistance, has been exaggerated. The satire, allegedly the official and dominant form of humour, was not well-received by the National Socialistic publi

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Heschel, Susannah. "Nazifying Christian Theology: Walter Grundmann and the Institute for the Study and Eradication of Jewish Influence on German Church Life." Church History 63, no. 4 (1994): 587–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3167632.

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The Third Reich's Kirchenkampf (church struggle) is sometimes mistakenly understood as referring to the Protestant churches' resistance to National Socialism. In fact, the term refers to an internal dispute between members of the Bekennende Kirche [Confessing Church (hereafter BK)] and members of the Deutsche Christen [German Christians (hereafter DC)] over control of the Protestant church. While not all members of the BK opposed Hitler's policies, the movement called for an autonomy of the church from National Socialist legal measures, particularly the racial laws, motivated both by theologic

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