Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Nationalisme algérien'
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Rahal, Malika. "L'Union démocratique du Manifeste algérien (1946-1956) : Histoire d'un parti politique : l'autre nationalisme algérien." Paris, INALCO, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INAL0012.
Full textThe Manifesto Party was founded in Algeria by Ferhat Abbas and his companions in 1946. They united around the idea of an algerian republic where all inhabitant of the country could be citizen. During ten years, they developed an alternative nationalism and mobilized the masses in an political party. The party also aimed at imagining an algerian community. In 1956, they rallied to the FLN, the National Liberation Front
Le, Foll-Luciani Pierre-Jean. "Les juifs algériens anticolonialistes : étude biographique (entre-deux-guerres - 1965)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN20023.
Full textThis dissertation, at the crossroads of the history of the Algerian Jews and the Algerian anticolonial movement, studies the trajectories of the minority of Algerian Jews who shared in the struggle against colonialism, during the period spanning the end of the First World War to their departure from an independent Algeria mostly at the end of the 1960s.The first part, coming before the actual biographical study, looks at the timeframe and reasons "the Jews" of colonial Algeria are considered to be a political entity by the administration and the political movements, and confronts this political discourse and these practices with the many political subjectivities that emerged among the Algerian Jewish population from 1930 to 1962.The second part introduces the actual biographical study and looks at the process of Algerian identification that the male and female study population is engaged in, men and women who grew up under a colonial world order definition and who developed a dissident attitude to that order, with the Vichy era appearing to be, in most cases, the clenching factor for this break. In this context, the Youth and Student Communist movements, from 1946 to 1954, are approached as hotbeds for a politically radical Algerianness and transgressive sociabilities in view of the colonial social order.Lastly, the third part focuses on the journeys of those militants during the Algerian War of independence and after, and highlights the conflict between the Algerian identities that emerged during the trials of the War for independence and the official version of a national identity the governing elite of the new State decided to impose in the first months followingindependence
Carlier, Omar. "Socialisation politique et acculturation à la modernité : le cas du nationalisme algérien : de l'Etoile Nord -Africaine au Front de Libération nationale, 1926-1954." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994IEPP0017.
Full textThis work brings together thirty-two texts in four volumes (II-V) in a thesis devoted to the social history of Algerian radical nationalism (ENA-PPA, 1926-1954). These texts are preceded by a volume summarizing the main issues and methodology, in particular the continual navigation between the construction of the object and the production of source material. The texts show how and under what conditions an unprecedented political idea, the nation (Watan) mobilized by a new political actor, the party (Hibz) can be simultaneously articulated and acquired, mobilized and incorporated by attributing a new social value, personified in the people (Cha'ab), to an old model of parity between brothers. The ensemble of texts combines monograph and biography, investigative research and conceptual essays. It multiplies the units and levels of analysis, proceeding from case to type, associating small and large dimensions, regional and local individual and serial. By systematically confronting written (archives, press) and oral (1200 interviews with 700 witnesses) sources, the work focusses as closely as possible on the local group and developes a comprehensive but critical relation of interaction between the observer and the observed in order to render the social construction of reality that much more intelligible
Saïdani, Mohamed. "Histoire d'une représentation : l'image de l'Algérie précoloniale dans le discours politique algérien (1945-1976)." Montpellier 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON10032.
Full textThe objective of this study is an attempt at interpreting the image of precolonial algeria, such as it was presented by the nationalist movment, then reconstituted by the algerian state. This study attemps an analysis of the image "state and nation" and the subsequent discussion there on. The essential interrogations relate to ideology social class and a perception of the past. The articulation of this discussion is the central theme of an study. It not just a matter of linguistics, but a question of : what are the relative weightings of the classes involved and their relative influence on the past?
Guenoun, Ali. "Une conflictualité interne au nationalisme radical algérien : "la question berbére-kabyle" de la crise de 1949 à la lutte pour le pouvoir en 1962." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010501.
Full textOne fundamental question has guided the approach adopted in this thesis: how did the referent relating to Kabyle identity become an important and relevant analytical factor in contemporary Algerian political history and radical, pro-independence nationalism? The Kabyle referent relates here to divisions and conflictual aspects that brought fractures and suspicion within the PPNMTLD party and then the FLN/ALN. These “ingredients”, which are part of political struggle, look place in the specific socio-historical and sociogeographical context of Algerian nationalism after 1945 in Algeria -especially in Kabylia - and also in France. The end of World War Two favoured the emergence of new organisational forms within the PPA. A new generation came through carrying fresh questions concerning how the party functioned, the plan for an uprising but also the definition of the Algerian nation. These important considerations contained questions that divided the party politically and which were then transformed into antagonism based on “identity” due to the polemical appropriation and political manipulation of classificatory categories such as language, ethnicity, region, nation: the 'Berber crisis'. The period of the Algerian war of independence showed how Kabylia became a pivotal region in the liberation struggle and enabled its leaders to play key rates at the head of the FLN / ALN and to be perceived as “hegemonic” in how the war was run, thereby exasperating the anti-Kabyle feeling amongst their rivals
Ait, Saadi Lydia. "La nation algérienne à travers les manuels scolaires d'histoire algériens : 1962-2008." Paris, INALCO, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INALA003.
Full textThe author addresses the question of the emergence of the Algerian nation through the Algerian textbooks, designed, produced and distributed by the Algerian Ministry of National Education, from 1962 to 2008. Those of history have been chosen, for they carry the memory of great events both national and contemporaries from other countries who have had an influence on the territory, the people, the purative state, or the actual Algerian nation, or that which is under development, both in ancient times or in the present time. The historical, political, sociological, psychological, and educational literature has been widely used because it illuminates some parts of the story, too superficially addressed in textbooks. It offered a perspective on the nature and quality of the message conveyed by the manuals, but also about the authority's manipulation to base their legitimacy on the need to protect the sacrosanct values, which unite the Algerian people around national constants. The revolutionary legitimacy was gained in political and armed struggle for the liberation of the country. Participation in this national work is imbued with religious mysticism in the choice of words describing the sacrifice of shahid, or war confused with the religious Jihad, which helped mobilize the masses and has facilitated the inculcation of Islamic Arab values. This nation of Algeria, among other, represents a successful model of struggle for emancipation by the war, of which the Algerian people take a matter of pride that attempt to convey the textbooks, to unite around the construction of the nation and on the basis of the granted sacrifices of sweat after the blood to rebuilt the country
Sami, Abdelhakim. "Étude des partis politiques depuis la tentative d’ouverture démocratique en Algérie (1989-2014)." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2012.
Full textThis thesis deals with the partisan phenomenon since the attempt of opening the political field in 1989 in Algeria. It tries to understand the functioning of the Algerian political parties, their structural organization, their mission and their role in political competition in order to conquer power through elections. Although the openness to pluralism (1989-1992) produced political opportunities benefited particular by the FIS Islamists, the interruption of the electoral process in 1992 led to the re-closure of the political field and to a political crisis (after the dissolution of the FIS) leading to armed conflict (between the State and the FIS). The failure of the democratic transition is explained by the nature of the Algerian political system, which is incompatible with the parties. This reduces the parties to devices to the benefit of the political system, in particular since the arrival of Abdelaziz Bouteflika to the presidency (1999). This study therefore proposes a socio-political analysis of the elections since 1989 in Algeria, which made it possible to explain the electoral behavior, the political commitment, and the trajectories of the militants. It also permitted to grasp the representations linked in particular to the history of Algeria, the nature of its political system, socialization, the family, the region of residence, and so on. The study of the Algerian parties combines three levels of analysis: first at the macro level, the parties’ environment (including political culture, administration, electoral system, political stakes, etc.) constitutes an obstacle to their democratic evolution. At the micro- and meso-level, the analysis focuses on the attitudes and behavior of citizens, activists and voters, while taking into consideration their family, friends, and the ambivalent (mobilizing and demobilizing) role of parties
Fromage, Julien. "Innovation politique et mobilisation de masse en « situation coloniale » : un « printemps algérien » des années 1930 ? : l'expérience de la Fédération des Elus Musulmans du Département de Constantine." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0095.
Full textFollowing the independence of Algeria, nationalist history has focused on the continuous resistance of Algerian political parties to colonization, hence concealing the plural nature of Algerian militancy and the variety of imagined communities stemming from the colonial situation. Although our approach pays attention to long-term historical processes it mainly focuses on the decisive period of the 1930s. Focused on the experience of the Federation of Elected Muslims of the Department of Constantine our enquiry aims at analyzing the politicization process affecting the Algerian populations spatially, sociologically and anthropologically. Defining themselves as Muslims and Republicans, the Federation militants influence the mobilization of the Algerian society dramatically. They confront a French colonial regime that is itself conceived as a complex artifact, through a multilayered approach of colonial domination. Their protest and the political unrest they foster eventually force the French Government in 1938 to give up the long-term “civilization mission” as the overarching argument justifying the Colonial Republic, in favor of a clearer containment policy to protect immediate colonial interests. Political and social entrepreneurs, the Algerian reformists lose ground as the hope of a democratic reform fades away. They nevertheless pave the way to Algerian nationalism. We hope that this study dealing with the ambiguity and the creative paradoxes stemming from the colonial situation will help understanding why Eastern Algeria later became the major cradle of Algerian liberation, after the 1945 massacres of Setif and Guelma and the nationalist uprising of the Aurès in 1954
Haggui, Jamel. "Les Algériens en Tunisie de 1871 à 1962 : du communautarisme au nationalisme." Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20005.
Full textFollowing the conquest of Algiers by the French in 1830, and in the course of the territorial expansion carried out by the French army in various regions, many natives of Algeria headed out in several directions into exile. Being the nearest country, the Regency of Tunis was to receive several waves of human convoys coming from various Algerian regions. This research aims to study the path of those Algerians in Tunis during the period 1871-1962. Their status was to undergo developments and changes. Our hypothesis is that those Algerians who initially displayed a strictly community-based behaviour were to undergo social and political changes that would make them more attentive and receptive to the currents present in the host country. This phenomenon, which was already perceptible during the 1930s, was to become more distinct immediately following the Second World War, and especially following the outbreak of the Algerian war. However, it should be noted that this move from a focus on community to nationalism was not a linear movement, was not completed in a single day and did not involve everybody at the same time. It was a question of a complicated and variable identity process, one which lasted as long as it took an individual to undergo a change from his position of "member of a community", to "de-communitise" himself, and to finally feel involved in the "nationalist project". Actors did not pass through these three stages at the same speed, sometimes presenting us with quite particular situations. Our research will attempt to reconstruct the path of the Algerians in Tunis through two great periods, to study their modes of organisation in exile, the relationships they were to build between themselves, and the relations they were to have with their own country. We will also examine the question of their relationships with their host country, Tunisia, which itself was to experience the realities of colonialism. They fled France in Algeria, only to find it once more in Tunisia
Sarri, Ahmed. "L'association des "Ulama" musulmans algériens et l'administration française en Algérie de 1931 à 1956." Aix-Marseille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX10014.
Full textThe algerian muslim's association of ulama was founded in 1931. It is a religious group composed of scholars of the arabic culture with a reformist tendency. This association follows the big religious reform movement of the beginning of the 19 th at machrek. At the religious level, the ulam's purpose is to fight against practices which are considered to be in contrast to the muslim's orthosoxy. At the culturel level, they try to keep their arabica-muslim's personality and fight against their assimilation. The french administration authorities do not stay indifferent, particularly after the failure of the traditionalists in their fight against the ulama, because the maraboutisl has become the warrant of social and political stability in algeria. The authorities react by taking steps against the ulama, i. E. The prohibition to pray in the so-called "official" mosques. These measures push the ulama to go towards political groups which favour the formation of the algerian muslim's congress in 1936. A charter, which claims political, social and economic rignts is submitted to the governement of the popular front. Disappointed with by the answer to their claims, the ulama do not hesitate to approach radical nationalists and demand the end of the colonial order. But when in november 1954, the insurrection is triggered off, they do not take part in the armed fight. It is only when they have been disappointed in their search for a pacifist way out of the algerain problem that they join the fln
Sidi, Moussa Nedjib. "Devenirs messalistes (1925-2013) : Sociologie historique d'une aristocratie révolutionnaire." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010349.
Full textThis thesis proposes a sociology of the revolutionary commitment and, more strangely, the revolutionary trajectories in colonial situation and the colonial trajectories in revolutionary situation. Us objective is to understand how colonized Algerians become revolutionary, how they make the revolution and how they try to remain in it faithful to the independence of Algeria. By taking for object the leaders of the current of Messali Hadj members of revolutionary national council (CNR). In summer1954, we try to go too far chronological traditionally associated with the "Algerian War" ta study the making of revolutionary aristocracy attached to the partisan shape and ta his historic leader. Without reducing the becoming messalists in the rate of their symbolic leader, pioneer of the nationalism since the inter War period, we underline the situational character of the messalian charisma. This research invites ID consider all the work of the protagonists interested in the trajectory of the Algerian revolution (anticolonialists, strengths of repression, rival organizations) and to pay attention on the effects of structure in the analysis. For that purpose, institutional and private archives were consulted, as well as the militant press and magazines published on several decades. Interviews were realized with activists and their descendants in Algeria and in France
Deleuze, Magali. "Les médias au Québec et la guerre d'Algérie, 1954-1964." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0015/NQ43709.pdf.
Full textGallissot, René. "La question nationale et coloniale : le nationalisme historique." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010519.
Full textIt is the relationship between the colonised maghreb and imperial france which serves as reference: the central example is that of algerian nationality. National formation is studied from precolonial algeria to the development of the national movement, and the algrian war. The main emphasis is on the different conceptions of the nation and of the relationships with the labour movement. The problematic is supported by the study of the positions on the nation, colonization and imperialism in the history of marxisms, from the work of marx to the debates in the second and third internationals through the construction of the history of france in the 19th century, and the study of the case of communist nationalism (popular front-ism), and in opposition to the works commemorating a pre-conceived nation, the final synthesis criticises the unavowed a priori of all national history (historical nationalism) and projects collective identity retrospectively on the basis of the national state which is merely a contemporary rality
Marynower, Claire. "Être socialiste dans l'Algérie coloniale : pratiques, cultures et identités d'un milieu partisan dans le département d'Oran, 1919-1939." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0042/document.
Full textMy dissertation deals with the French Socialist group in the Western department of Algeria, Oran, during the interwar period. At first very reluctant about any proposition that could be considered similar to nationalism, this group progressively opened up to wider views: in the mid 1930s, it included a significant number of Algerian members and had added some of the major claims of the proto-nationalist movements to its political platform – mainly those of the Federation of Muslim elected representatives and the Association of Algerian Muslim ‘Ulamā. The process of cultural change in the Oran socialist milieu was accompanied and facilitated by mutations in both the socialist practices and sociability. Thus socialist ways of operating – mobilizing, campaigning and demonstrating – evolved: during the 1930s, the Socialists increasingly positioned themselves to attract the native Algerian population. But socialist ways of being – identities and social configurations – also mutated considerably, as the Socialist Party grew closer to the Algerian proto-nationalist organizations. The Socialist Party in Algeria can be understood as constituting an interstitial world, challenging the binary division of colonial societies into colonizing and colonized populations. The socialist activists of the Oran region challenged the “colonial border” in a significant albeit limited way. They opened a dialogue around the idea of colonial reform in a coercive context and constituted a “hegemonic imperial transaction”. The study of this short-lived community challenges the historiography as it analytically recalibrates the genesis of Algerian nationalism, taking into account a form of “colonial encounter” with the French left
Gheziel, Abla. "L’éveil politique de la société algérienne à travers révoltes, soumission, assimilation et nationalisme, 1830-1936." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20064.
Full textThe political awakening of Algerian society through revolts, submission, assimilation and nationalism.1830-1936. More than fifteen years after his independence, Algerian colonial history is and stills always a painful and sensitive subject for the two sides of the Mediterranean Sea. As the French colonial expansion took place, members of society of former regency of Algiers see their way of living changing. And, this in function of reforms and measures of colonial administration which drive a two level policy: toward settlers’ policy; the new inhabitants of Algeria. And another one for indigenous whom still second zone citizen even if the ײSenatus consultײ of 1865 gives them citizenship. Throughout this study, we suggest to follow the evolution of these factors which contribute to the popular awakening of Muslim masses during the period between 1830 and 1936. It is a field of study which includes not only popular revolts, the symbol of rural resistance. But also the notion of submission reflecting à mixed position of populations between resistance and cohabitation with military administration first, then with civil colonial one after, thus the assimilation issue of Algerian Muslims and Europeans, which clothed various interpretations starting by the Arab Kingdom of Napoleon III and the problem of naturalization, and finally, the nationalism issue and the issue of its existence or not before the landing of French. Our theory is that all these features helped the hatching of nationalism, a process which did not follow a linear development but was the result of a complex path according to different factors such as Pan Islamism, the consequences of the WWI and the participation of the indigenous in this conflict which was not their conflict. Then, from 1920 and 1930, political groups appear; Muslim reformers and intellectuals assert themselves in political scene and engage the confrontation with the colonial administration and metropolitan government. Thus, the awareness of Muslim masses will appear and lead up on differences between people; in other move from individual or regional thinking towards a collective national thinking
Yefsah, Abdelkader. "La question du pouvoir en Algérie." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100048.
Full textOuharzoune, Djnina. "Pratiques politiques de la communauté algérienne en France, des revendications nationalistes aux députés de l'émigration : le cas de la représentation parlementaire algérienne à Marseille." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0513.
Full textMultiparty system in Algeria (1989), the electoral "Emigration" (1997) to the people's Assembly of Amgeria [APN], produce forms of political participation of Algerians resident in France earlier practices that transform from one-party (Front de National Liberation), framed by the Association. The research is based on fieldwork and interviews conducted in Marseille to identify the voters of this Algerian legislative process. The first part establishes an original matrix of Algerian emigration to France, the characteristics of this group (identity affiliations, national references) built by differentiated trajectories, which are "the Algerian community in France" in historical and political community, questioning the notion of diaspora. The second part stresses the rise of political parctices of Algerians in France since the claim of Independance, the representation of the "natives" in the second college in the National Assembly, the Senate, the first political institutionalization of Algerians in France; activities policies of the Algerian community in Marseille, particularly during the Algerian presidential (2009). A dynamic emerges highlighting the Algerian sociopolitical space in Marseille, which results in the third part, the conditions of its emergence: late impeiral France, the shock of "Algerian revolution" multi-interpretations of "decolonization": diasporization characteristics of this community. However, this approach requires a renunciation of the categories of myth: myth of return, the origins, nationality, Algerianism. In this way, the transnational space Franco-Algerian working to establish legitimacy and political autonomy doubly located in public spaces
Chariet, Mounira. "Les transformations de l'Algérie contemporaine au prisme des usages du français." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0014.
Full textThis thesis in political sociology analyses French language to elucidate social transformation in Algeria since 1962. In the aftermath of independence, language was vested with a key role. The policy of "Arabisation" aimed to break with the colonial state. French had to be eradicated in order to Arabise. Today this option has not been abandoned, but contemporary Algerian society operates with a regular plurilinguism in which French plays a complex role including: selection mechanisms for university, language of work, social prestige, migration strategies. This thesis focuses on two periods on both sides of the civil conflict (1990s): the period of the project of nation building, characterised by "the revolutionary zeal" (Arabisation, Socialism, the construction of a national narrative built around the war of liberation...) which had the support of the population until the events of October 1988 and the period of the 2000s during which the exhausted society was characterised by a repudiation of politics, anomie, despair and the sense of hogra (suspicion, exclusion). In between these two periods, the civil conflict pushed many questions raised following the liberation in the background. This thesis has attempted to reveal varying statuses accorded to French language drawing on a wide range of data sources including cultural materials such as films and diverse social spaces, with a particular focus on the field of educational. It shows that the languages used can shed light on the gap between political logics and social logics. This hiatus has only been exacerbated in more recent years and tests of Algerian history
Hellal, Amar. "Les intellectuels arabophones algériens entre l’identité, le modernisme, le nationalisme et l’indépendance (1918-1962)." Nancy 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NAN21002.
Full textAboutrabeh, Adel. "L'influence de la pensée de l'éveil arabo-islamique sur le déclenchement de la Révolution algérienne." Montpellier 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON10023.
Full textAouimeur, Mouloud. "Le Parti socialiste SFIO en Algérie : 1920-1954." Paris 8, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA081397.
Full textOur micro-historical study consists of (he writing of the socialist party's history (s. F. I. O = section francaise de l'internationale ouvriere) (the french section of the worker international), not according to its central machinery, but through its basic instances. Algeria is our space of research between 1920 and 1954, two important dates that mark two major events: the tours congress and the algerian insurrection. For the s. F. I. O, algeria was more an electoral reserve than a country that may adopt the socialist system some day. The algerian socialist federations participated in all the elections even if their chances of winning were mean. The natives were subject to a very little influence of socialism. However many muslims adhered to the socialist party in order to evade repression while they continued to believe in the algerian nationalist thesis. The latter choice was an answer to their desire to embrace a party, which represent for them the symbol of democracy and liberty of which they were deprived. Some of them left the s. F. I. O as early as it (the french section. . . ) did not answer these criteria. Some retreated from politics definitely while others rejoined the u. D. M. A led by ferhat abbas or the f. L. N later. The algerian socialists integrated the colonial model in their ideology. They justified their position by moral reasons and economic motivations. Their algerian policy had not changed for years. The opened gap between 1946-1947, which was meant to establish a status for algeria, not too different from the moderate algerian nationalists one, was filled because paul ramadier government's reticence and the repatriation of yves chataigneau, the governor general. In fact, the algerian socialists continued to support the idea of assimilation. From 1944 to 1947, they insisted on the application of the 7th march edict. The principle claim became the application of 20th september 1947 status. The socialists could in reality not adopt a policy other than the one proposed by the radicals and the socialist-radicals who were very influent in algeria. They were most of the time political partners and allied. In fact, the s. F. I. O. Was wedged up between these different parties and the communist party on the european side, the p. P. A and the u. D. M. A from the muslim side. Being thus situated in the centre, it occupied a very delicate position
Smati, Mahfoud. "Le rôle des villes dans la formation du fait national en Algérie." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05H027.
Full textThe Algerian nationalist fact appeared first in the town from which it spreaded out. The town was an open field which drew all the social categories of the population. Only interested in its own economic projects, the colonization contributed highly to the impoverishment of the land, thus forcing most of the Algerian peasants to exodus. On the contrary to what was happening outside the cities, the urban places offered many opportunities of employment and attracted so the ruined contrymen and job-seekers from all parts of the land. This movement of population towards the capital and the greatest regional towns steadied at last. An indigenous elite grown up under the colonization, whose members were learning in the same school, living under the same socioeconomic conditions, emerged amidst the population of the city which had meanwhile recovered its "muslim" characteristics. This elite began to claim political rights for the autochtone population then, when things matured, undertook its struggle for independence
Girard, Simon. "Nationalisme révolutionnaire et socialisation politique : le cas du PPA-MTLD dans l'ancien département d'Alger, 1943-1954." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070014.
Full textOur research studies the history of the Algerian People's Party-Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberty which was the main and most "radical" nationalistic party between 1943 and 1954 in the former « Departement d'Alger ». Chronologically speaking,1943 is the year in which the political activity restarted after the Allies' landing in North Africa and 1954 the year in which the Algerian Revolution started with the November the 1st uprising. Our research is divided into two main parts aiming at understanding a political party which developed a style of functioning and different means of action according to particular moments or according to the field where it spread its activity. Firstly, we performed a historical analysis in which we tried to reconstruct the historical facts in their chronological linking in order to understand the way the party evolved. Secondly,we tried to produce a socio-historical analysis aimed at studying the nationalistic « counter society » that the APP MTDL strived to build with its specific structures. This analysis has led to point out certain caracteristic features that are specific to the algerian revolutionnary nationalism
Khatir, Foad. "Le changement de politique algérienne à l'égard des confréries religieuses musulmanes : de la persécution à la réhabilitation, le cas particulier de la confrérie 'Alawiyya, 1909-2009." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20042/document.
Full textThis study will attempt to demonstrate the status of zawiyyas, and in particular that of the 'Alawiyya in contemporary Algeria, and their role during the rise of nationalism and the liberation struggle. In our discussion of the persecution and rehabilitation of the 'Alawiyya Brotherhood (and others) in Algeria during the contemporary period we will deal with the links between the 'Alawiyya and: (1) The colonial administration: the Brotherhood was closely watched by the police and intelligence agencies. The strategy of the Brotherhood was to remain neutral insofar as possible, but it did not hesitate to defend the preservation of Arab-Muslim identity. (2) The reform movement, with the appearance in 1926 of the journal ach-Chihab and the Association of Muslim Algerian Ulemas (AOMA) founded the 5th of May 1931 with at its head President Ibn Badis, who contributed to the rise of Algerian nationalist sentiment. (3)Algerian nationalist groups, with which the 'Alawiyya Brotherhood maintained close relations, notably during the period of the Party of the Algerian People (PPA) founded in 1937 by Messali Hadj. The events of 8 May 1945 in Sétif triggered the preparation of the Algerian Revolution during which the Sheikh Mehdi Bentounes played an important role. (4) Successive Algerian governments: the 'Alawiyya Brotherhood decided to come out against the nationalization of « habous » holdings. The Boumedienne government carried out a vast campaign of persecution against Sheikh Mehdi Bentounes and had him arrested in 1970. From that time the Brotherhood became active in Europe with Sheikh Khaled Bentounes, who fostered the creation of numerous cultural and youth-oriented projects which enjoyed official recognition. These waves of persecution little by little marginalized a religious current -Sufism (tasawuf)- which had been present in Algeria from the beginning of the millennium, and which was part of an essential immaterial cultural heritage in Algeria. It took the arrival and the development of religious fundamentalism, resulting in the civil war known as the « Dark Years », for the Algerian government to promote the rehabilitation of the religious Brotherhoods in Algeria
Achour, Nadjib. "Entre tradition et réforme : l'expérience de l'Association des Oulémas dans le département de Constantine (1940-1954)." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070089.
Full textOur work aimed at studying the Algerian Ulamas Association, which was one of the most prominent elements of Algerian nationalism from 1940 to 1954 in Constantine area. The Sheikh Bashir al-Ibrahimi headed the Association in 1940 — succeeding its former leader Sheikh Abdul Hamid Ibn Badis (1889-1940) — and supported a new dynamic that allowed, among other things, the foundation of Ibn Badis Institute and the significant growth of the number of madrasas throughout the region. The purpose of our study was to understand and to shed light on the primary role of the reformist movement and its specificity regarding the political parties. To this end, we first investigated the major players of both religious and political sphere in Constantine. Their personal background, careers as well as their respective position towards the Ulamas Association were highlighted prior to examine the very logic underlying the establishment and the strategy of the islahist trend. In a second step, we analyzed i) the proper ideology of the movement and, ii) the cultural activism that resulted to a Weltanschauung posing the figure of the `Cdim as the unique incumbent detaining the right to "defend the nation". That explicit notion remains a fondamental key to understand the linkage between Islahism and politics. Likewise, we used that notion in order to understand and analyze the endogenous relationships that Ulamas maintained between a culture resulting from the anxiety-provoking colonial context, on one hand, and a millennial rationalized culture, on the other hand
Boserup, Rasmus Alenius. "Violence as politics : the escalation and de-escalation of political violence in Algeria 1954-2007." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0358.
Full textThe central aim of the thesis is to identify the dynamics behind the changes from non-violent to violent collective action in Algeria from 1954 to 2007. The central argument is that these dynamics are political rather than cultural, although culture plays a role in forming the violence. The thesis brings new insight in four areas. First, it presents a large body of formerly unknown empirical material collected during fieldwork in Algeria and in public and private archives in France and England. Second, it proposes a typological analysis of the different repertoires of contentious politics in Algeria, which reveals hiherto unknown interrelations between different types of political violence. Third, it proposes a narration of Algerian modern political history, which deviates from the conventions in the existing historiography. Fourth, it relates the Algerian example to the current theoretical discussions within the social sciences about state formation, social movements, and violence
Ramdani, Karima. "Subjectivités (im)possibles : femmes, féminités et féminismes dans l’Algérie coloniale." Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA084165.
Full textThe History of “indigenous” women in colonial Algeria has not yet been thoroughly treated. Official historiographies, both French and Algerian, have adopted dominating standpoints that make marginalised experiences, and voices, inaudible. This research aims at excavating peripheral memories and knowledge that inform about the various processes through which colonial, and patriarchal domination, makes marginalized practices and discourses invisible. Reaching those forgotten voices becomes an arduous task because of the scarcity and fragmentary character of the sources, and also because the interweaving of relations of power have rejected all that seems inappropriate, or out of the canon, outside the definition of political identities. The corollary of these intersecting power relations was the stranglehold of nationalisms on women's bodies, considered as both a means and an end, and the pressure put on women to embody the role of mothers of the nation. In this effort of "excavation", the present thesis attributes an important role to oral tradition as a heuristic source susceptible to open up to the multiple standpoints and sites of knowledge of women's experiences to whom the status of the subject has been denied. This work proposes to enlarge, and make more complex, the modern conception of the political subject, by focusing on its sudden, unforeseen dimension, the multiple forms it takes according to the context and the stakes at issue. Finally, it outlines the requirement of a history from below capable of including people like the women of this thesis - women who were speaking subjects and whose resistance has followed various, heterogeneous paths, including feminism
Peyroulou, Jean-Pierre. "Guelma, 8 mai 1945 : une subversion européenne dans le département de Constantine, Algérie française : le système colonial à l'épreuve des réformes politiques et du nationalisme." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0105.
Full textOn the day of the WW II victory, on may 8th, 1945, instead of a nationalist uprising in Guelma, there was a reaction of a subversive nature on the part of the French, triggered by their fear of being outnumbered by the Muslims and their opposition to the reforms of the government. It took the form of a massacre of Muslims and a terrorist policy, with the complicity of the civil authorities and police of the Constantine département. This subversive reaction in a rural and predominantly Muslim département, prefigured that of the OAS in the Algerian cities in 1960-1962, at the end of the Algerian War. It was a challenge to the metropolitan and French Algerian authorities and their reforms. Illegal institutions replaced legal ones. French militiamen killed large numbers of Muslims, officially declared missing. Between 1945 and 1954, under pressure from the settlers, the facts were shrouded by reasons of state, from the bottom to the top of the state apparatus. The French governments of the Quatrième République agreed to keep those violent and illegal acts secret, in the hope of saving their reform policies in Algeria, when the world was entering a period of decolonisation
Alcaraz, Emmanuel. "Les lieux de mémoire de la guerre d'indépendance algérienne : le Musée national de mujâhid, le Musée central de l'armée, les monuments aux "martyrs", Ifri Ouzellaguen, la prison Barberousse / Serkadji et El Djorf." Paris 13, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA131019.
Full textThis work consists of studying the Algerian memory of the war for independence using the approach of realms of memory. Is there any official memory of the Algerian war for independence in the National Museum of the Mujâhid and in the Central Museum of the Army? Is it more relevant to talk about “daily management of the national memory under surveillance”? This official memory is marked by “the culture of war. ”It is associated with “the culture of the suffering”. Is national memory the only product of a DIY ideology associating the populist memory of the Algerian war for independence to the religious memory of the djihâd? This national memory is implemented locally through “monuments aux martyrs” with the glorification of a pantheon of local heroes. This work is also interested in realms of history. In Kabylia, in Ifri Ouzellaguen, the first congress of the FLN took place in the valley of Soummam, to be precise. It is a site where the national memory and dissident memories confront, especially the memory of the Berber cultural movement. Besides, several places of torture and detention for Algerian nationalists are forgotten. Why is the Barberousse/Serkadji prison in Algiers an exception and has become a national symbol in Algeria? A realm of memory for an important battle which was forgotten for a long time, El Djorf, in the Aurès Nemenchas, in September, 1955, illustrates “Dien Bien Phu's syndrome”, the regret of not having gained a decisive battle within the framework of the “war of memories. " This thesis aims at opening reflections on relationships between commemorative process and state legitimization
Manaa, Mohammed. "Instruments médiatiques et opinion publique occidentale dans les stratégies politiques des nationalistes algériens. Le cas de New York Times." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28588.
Full textAggoun, Nacera. "La résistance algérienne dans le chelif algérois : de 1945 à la guerre (1954-1962)." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081101.
Full textThis study is an history of the algerian nationalist movement (espacially communists and messalists) from the second world war to the algerian war (1954-1962). Political and social development under the french colonization of the eastern chelif explains the chelifian resistance. After the 1er november 1954, the military resistance begins in 1956 between the dahra and the ouarsenis mountains. The methods employed are geography, anthropology and oral history (short biographies dictionnary)
Ali-Benali, Zineb. "Le discours de l'essai de langue française en Algérie : mises en crise et possibles devenirs (1833-1962)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10007.
Full textOur work is an attempt at exploring a series essays published by some natives from algeria during the french colonial period. As early as 1880 the "resistance-dialogue" is marked by some writings expressing a particular voice, between a colonial discourse reiterated, and claims for the indigeneous community. The first intellectuals were asking for more justice, some equality, schools and roads, and less taxation (income tax and collective sanctions) in favour of their fellow- countrymen. The issues studied here are : religion, the arabic language, women, schooling and free access to foreste-lands. Thus, these intellectuals mapped out the symbolic path of their resistance. 1930 is the milestone of a nation-oriented discourse and of more radical claims. The end of the colonial period is foreseen an clearly stated. The 1945 caesura triggers a revival of history an the emergence of abdelkader and jugurtha as the ancestral figures of resistance. Few essays have been written during the liberation war. Fanon and lacheraf's writings, like most other writings, althrough rooted in the colonial discourse are already looking towards the post-independance period. Their writings analyse the ongoing process and herald the first denunciations of the deviated revolution. Their discourse is no longer addressing the "other" but directed toward their own society. Already the figure of the post-independence intellectual is sketched, and his discourse is marked by awareness but remains iconoclastic. Beside the study of women writing is dealt with separately and goes beyond 1962 to show the continuum of a particular type of writing
Al-Najjar, Abdul Karim. "Le régime administratif et juridique des biens des entreprises nationalisées : étude de droit comparé : France, Irak, Libye, Algérie, Egypte." Rennes 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REN11019.
Full textLeteuré, Stéphane. "Le drapeau et la lyre : Camille Saint-Saëns et le politique 1870-1921." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR2014.
Full textThe French Third Republic officially commemorates Camille Saint-Saëns in a similar manner to Victor Hugo or Louis Pasteur. The honours Saint-Saëns receives question the position of the artist in the Republican City and his relations with the power. Three lines of analysis must be followed in the perspective of the claim of the making of Saint-Saëns as a national composer: the ways with the French Nation, with Republican identity and finally with France
Kelley, Caroline Elizabeth. "(Dé) doublement Algérienne : the discursive life-writing of the Algerian moudjahidate in the context of the Algerian revolution (1954-1962)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670128.
Full textAmrouche, Nassim. "Les aarch en Kabylie : un présent de l’histoire : Anthropologie d’une (re)construction historique et politique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3100.
Full textThe 2001 aarch movement in the Grande Kabylie region has been the most important Algerian sociopolitical movement since the independence. It is part of the Berberist opposition movement that started to organize itself in April 1980. Based on identity, Berberist dissent challenges the very foundations of an Algerian nation that developed with the Arabic language and Islam. The aarch organization focuses on the revitalization of village tribal structures, as well as local and town management councils, in order to convert the violence that followed many protests into political claims.With the economic opening to global neo-Liberal standards, Berberist contestation has come to involve socio-Economical and socio-Psychological demands.Besides, the aarch mobilization appeals to memory-Based criteria, assigning a crucial function for memory to the said tribe. The national Liberation War, founding act of the national Algerian State, is also disputed and a new narrative describing this colonial conflict is put forward. Forgotten or silenced memories and stakeholders surface in the political arena in order to legitimize a contemporary struggle, creating ideological, rhetorical and political filiation with the Independence war. This rewriting of history stretches beyond the limits of modern independent Algeria history, researching and/or creating ancient roots of a Kabylie that pre-Existed the independent nation. The city of Tizi Ouzou, until then rejected from Berberist socio-Political psyche, has become a protagonist of the new conflict for this very purpose. Its history and sociology being reshaped, the city subsumes the acting dynamics of a Berberist renewal