Academic literature on the topic 'Native American Literature'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Native American Literature.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Native American Literature"
1
Vizenor, Gerald, and Andrew Wiget. "Native American Literature." American Indian Quarterly 9, no. 1 (1985): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1184680.
Full text
2
Brown, Katrina. "Native American Stereotypes in Literature." Digital Literature Review 6 (January 15, 2019): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/dlr.6.0.42-53.
Full textAbstract:
Historically, Western White society has portrayed Native American societies as utopias that we canlook to for political, spiritual, and artistic inspiration. For example, Columbus’s original “Letters ofDiscovery” began this tradition by writing the natives as a primitive, pure, communal society, andMontaigne’s “Of the Cannibals” continued this tradition with his similar portrayal of native peoples.Such portrayals ultimately lead to harmful stereotypes, expectations, and marginalization of NativeAmerican people by White society. With the aid of Robert Berkhofer Jr’s The White Man’s Indian,this essay explores the idea of the noble savage in conjunction with utopian ideals and breaks downthe process by which Native ways of life have been falsely portrayed as utopias. Additionally, itexplores the consequences of such stereotypical depictions and looks at attempts to dispel suchutopian myths.
3
Gomez Galisteo, Mª Carmen. "Representing Native American Women in Early Colonial American Writings: Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, Juan Ortiz and John Smith." Sederi, no. 19 (2009): 25–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.34136/sederi.2009.2.
Full textAbstract:
Most observers of Native Americans during the contact period between Europe and the Americas represented Native American women as monstrous beings posing potential threats to the Europeans’ physical integrity. However, the most well known portrait of Native American women is John Smith’s description of Pocahontas, the Native American princess who, the legend goes, saved Smith from being executed. Transformed into a children’s tale, further popularized by the Disney movie, as well as being the object of innumerable historical studies questioning or asserting the veracity of Smith’s claims, the fact remains that the Smith-Pocahontas story is at the very core of North American culture. Nevertheless, far from being original, John Smith’s story had a precedent in the story of Spaniard Juan Ortiz, a member of the ill-fated Narváez expedition to Florida in 1527. Ortiz, who got lost in America and spent the rest of his life there, was also rescued by a Native American princess from being sacrificed in the course of a Native American ritual, as recounted by the Gentleman of Elvas, member of the Hernando de Soto expedition. Yet another vision of Native American women is that offered by Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, another participant of the Narváez expedition who, during almost a decade in the Americas fulfilled a number of roles among the Native Americans, including some that were regarded as female roles. These female roles provided him with an opportunity to avert captivity as well as a better understanding of gender roles within Native American civilization. This essay explores the description of Native American women posed by John Smith, Juan Ortiz and Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca so as to illustrate different images of Native American women during the early contact period as conveyed by these works.
4
Bruce, Heather E. "Hoop Dancing: Literature Circles and Native American Storytelling." English Journal 93, no. 1 (September 1, 2003): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/ej20032611.
Full textAbstract:
Misrepresentations of Indian culture can be addressed through the study of Native American oral traditions and literatures. Simply teaching works by Native Americans, however, is not enough, according to Heather E. Bruce. Here she details the use of literature circles and storytelling in the classroom to combat negative stereotypes and racism.
5
Мухаммедова, Нилуфар. "Native americans in the stories of Sherman Alexie." Актуальные вопросы лингвистики и преподавания иностранных языков: достижения и инновации 1, no. 1 (April 24, 2024): 399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.47689/topical-tiltfl-vol1-iss1-2024-pp399-402.
Full textAbstract:
In the XX century of American Literature the themes, new characters, new directions and genres could be observed in the novels, stories and poems. In their scholarly articles literary critics analyzed the multicultural dimension in the literature of this period as the country had raised a new generation of immigrants, who were writing about their national identities in American society. Thus XX century American literature could be considered as multicultural literature that depicted the life of new generation of people who belong to various cultures but who grew up and were educated in modern American society. In its turn this multiculturalism caused the development of different nations studies that examined this aspect of literature. Examples are Chinese, Japanese, Taiwanese and Mexican literary studies. Similarly, there is also Native American literature that studies creative works written by a new generation of Native American Indians. Representatives of Native American Literature raised several issues that young generation of native Americans are facing in American society. This paper deals with the stories of the Native American writer Sherman Alexie, whose works depict life, interests and problems of modern native Americans.
6
McGann, Jerome. "Colonial Exceptionalism on Native Grounds: American Literature before American Literature." Critical Inquiry 45, no. 3 (March 2019): 640–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/702593.
Full text
7
Hemenway, Stephen I. "Review: Three American Literatures: Essays in Chicano, Native American, and Asian-American Literature for Teachers of American Literature." Christianity & Literature 34, no. 3 (June 1985): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014833318503400316.
Full text
8
Sorisio, Carolyn. "Introduction: Native Americans in American Literature: Writing and Written." ESQ: A Journal of the American Renaissance 52, no. 1-2 (2006): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/esq.2006.0006.
Full text
9
Forbes, Jack. "Colonialism and Native American Literature: Analysis." Wicazo Sa Review 3, no. 2 (1987): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1408977.
Full text
10
Schöler, Bo. "Mythic Realism in Native American Literature." American Studies in Scandinavia 17, no. 2 (September 1, 1985): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/asca.v17i2.1631.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Native American Literature"
1
Moore, David L. "Native knowing : the politics of epistemology in American and Native American literature /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9376.
Full text
2
Hay, Jody L. "Native American women in children's literature." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291972.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis focuses on the roles of Native women in children's literature. The study explores the works of five Native women writers in the United States that have successfully published adult literature and at least one children's book since 1990. The purpose of the research is to gain a better understanding of what these writers reveal about the roles of Native women in their literature for children. The data was collected using content analysis on the books and a questionnaire to determine (1) what roles the Native writers convey in their children's literature; and (2) what these women are writing in this field and their perspectives on the writing process. The findings of this research discuss these writers' portrayals of the complexity of Native women's roles as well as offer insight into their craft.
3
Davis, Randall Craig. "Firewater Myths : alcohol and portrayals of Native Americans in American literature /." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487687959968421.
Full text
4
Holm, Sharon Lee. "Writing native sovereignty : the political aesthetic in contemporary Native American literature." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.444197.
Full text
5
Dakin, Alana E. "Indigenous Continuance Through Homeland: An Analysis of Palestinian and Native American Literature." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1340304236.
Full text
6
Donovan, Kathleen McNerney. "Coming to voice: Native American literature and feminist theory." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186769.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation argues that numerous parallels exist between Native American literature, especially that by women, and contemporary feminist literary and cultural theories, as both seek to undermine the hierarchy of voice: who can speak? what can be said? when? how? under what conditions? After the ideas find voice, what action is permitted to women? All of these factors influence what African American cultural theorist bell hooks terms the revolutionary gesture of "coming to voice." These essays explore the ways Native American women have voiced their lives through the oral tradition and through writing. For Native American women of mixed blood, the crucial search for identity and voice must frequently be conducted in the language of the colonizer, English, and in concert with a concern for community and landscape. Among the topics addressed in the study are (1) the negotiation of identity of those who must act in more than one culture; (2) ethnocentrism in ethnographic reports of tribal women's lives; (3) misogyny in a "canonical" Native American text; (4) the ethics of intercultural literary collaboration; (5) commonality in inter-cultural texts; and (6) transformation through rejection of Western privileging of opposition, polarity, and hierarchy.
7
Gorelova, Olena. "Postmodernism, Native American literature and issues of sovereignty." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/gorelova/GorelovaO0509.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Criticism of Native American literature is barely two centuries old, while criticism of Western literature boasts a history that is quite a bit longer. The questions on how to read and interpret tribal narrative and modern American Indian fiction are still urgent topics that trigger numerous debates among literary scholars. What theories to employ and what approaches to use to dispel misinterpretations of the literature are still matters open to suggestion. Postmodernism, the new world trend, has influenced all spheres of life, not excluding literature. Although it does seem to better account for American Indian voices as it shifts attention to local narratives and re-evaluation of history, the issue of whether it is applicable and favorable to Native American literature and its cause is a debatable one. Postmodern theory claims to liberate the suppressed voices including those of Native Americans, but at the same time presents the danger of limiting Native American literature to another set of frames while denying it its purpose, i.e. achievement of the establishment of Native American national literature. Many American Indian scholars insist that American Indian literature should not be interpreted using mainstream approaches, such as postmodernism, since they have already done enough damage, but implementing American Indian philosophies instead, such as nationalism. It also seems premature to apply postmodern theory since it deconstructs history and identity, which are still to be constructed in Native American literature. Tribal literature and tribal realities are closely connected and, therefore, the fight for Native American literature and how to interpret it appears to be a part of a bigger fight, the one for sovereignty, both national and intellectual. The "post" of postmodernism, as well as the "post" of post-colonialism, might simply not be present for Native American literature yet and, therefore, theories offered by nationalism can at the given moment be more promising to American Indian literature and its purposes.
8
Suzuki-Martinez, Sharon S. 1963. "Tribal Selves: Subversive Identity in Asian American and Native American Literature." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/565575.
Full text
9
Stigter, Shelley, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Double-voice and double-consciousness in Native American literature." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Sciencec, 2005, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/288.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis follows the interaction of "double-voicing" and "double-consciousness" in Native American literary history. It begins with surviving records from the time of colonial contact and ends with works by Leslie Marmon Silko and Thomas King, two contemporary authors of the Native American Literary Renaissance. "Double-voicing" is a common feature found in many works preserved by early anthropologists from various Native American oral traditions. However, after colonial contact this feature largely disappears from literary works written by Native American authors, when it is replaced by the societal condition "double-consciousness." With the revitalization of cultural knowledge in the mid-twentieth-century, Native authors also revitalize their rhetorical techniques in their writing and the "double-voice" feature reemerges coupled with a bicultural awareness that is carried over from "double-consciousness."vi, 98 leaves ; 29 cm.
10
Whitehouse, Paul Charles. "Violence and frontier in twentieth century Native American literature." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/85416/.
Full textAbstract:
The central argument of my work is that authors Leslie Marmon Silko, Louis Owens, and Gerald Vizenor, working in the latter half of the twentieth century, use violence as a literary device (literary violence) for exposing and critiquing modes of systemic violence inherent in the formative originary myths of dominant US culture, specifically the mythic frontier and West. I argue that they engage with questions arising out of the systemic and normative violence required to sustain exceptionalist and supremacist Euramerican myth, which in turn sanitise the unspeakable violence of settler colonialism. This sanitising effect produces a form of transcendent violence, so called because the violence it describes is deemed to be justified in accordance with dominant ideology. In addressing this, Silko rewrites the mythic legacies of frontier and the West, rearticulating the unspeakable violence of conquest and domination, resulting in an anti-Western, pre-apocalyptic vision that turns away from European modernity and late twentieth century capitalism, looking instead to an Indigenous worldview. Owens similarly proposes an alternative reading of frontier where binaries of racial and cultural difference become malleable and diffuse, producing unexpected breaks with established ideology and narratives of dominance. The unseen systemic violence of the provincial town, in many ways the American societal idyll in microcosm, emerges during key confrontations between Native and non-Native characters in the liminal spaces and boundaries of the provincial town. Bringing these different threads together, Vizenor critiques systemic and institutionalised violence in his fiction and non-fiction work. His breakthrough novel Darkness in Saint Louis Bearheart shares key characteristics with the work of Silko and Owens in this regard. Transgressing borders of taste, binaries of simulated Indianness, and notions of Euramerican cultural dominance, Vizenor’s mocking laugh destabilises the notion of completed conquest and closed frontiers as the final word on Euramerican supremacy.
Books on the topic "Native American Literature"
1
Gleason, Katherine. Native American literature. [New York]: Chelsea House Publishers, 1997.
Find full text
2
Bookseller, Ken Lopez. Native American literature: A catalog. Hadley, Mass: Ken Lopez, Bookseller, 1996.
Find full text
3
Andrew, Wiget, ed. Dictionary of Native American literature. New York: Garland, 1994.
Find full text
4
Lawana, Trout, ed. Native American literature: An anthology. Lincolnwood, Ill: NTC Pub. Group, 1999.
Find full text
6
Andrew, Wiget, ed. Critical essays on Native American literature. Boston, Mass: G.K. Hall, 1985.
Find full text
7
Lincoln, Kenneth. Native American renaissance. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985.
Find full text
9
Bloom, Harold. Native American writers. New York: Bloom's Literary Criticism, 2010.
Find full text
10
Carson, Mary Kay. Native American homes. New York: Newbridge Educational Pub., 2005.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Native American Literature"
1
Gidley, Mick, and Ben Gidley. "The Native-American South." In A Companion to the Literature and Culture of the American South, 166–84. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470756935.ch10.
Full text
2
Teuton, Sean. "1. The man made of words." In Native American Literature, 1–18. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199944521.003.0001.
Full textAbstract:
‘The man made of words’ describes the history of Native Americans, with a strong focus on the 16th-century European colonization period. To recover from nearly 500 years of conquest and disease that devastated indigenous peoples in North America, Native people had to revisit their history and reimagine themselves through literature. As Native American authors learned to write in English, they also mastered literary forms like the novel, adapting these genres to serve indigenous worldviews, and incorporating oral literatures. Despite numerous challenges and a Native American population decreasing rapidly during colonization, many Native American communities are growing their populations and economies, and are reinvesting in cultural and language revitalization.
3
Stirrup, David. "Native American literature." In Louise Erdrich. Manchester University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.7765/9781847793485.00006.
Full text
4
Teuton, Sean. "5. Native American literary studies." In Native American Literature, 68–84. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199944521.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
During the time of the Red Power movement in the late 1960s and 1970s, Native American students brought their visions of justice to college campuses to create what they began to describe as “Native American Studies.” Pressuring universities to accept a more diverse student body, Native scholars demanded that universities allow the production of knowledge by and for Native Americans. To succeed Native American Studies had to tear free of the “salvage anthropology” that shaped the European study of indigenous people from the first moments of contact. Native scholars accomplished an imaginative shift in self-conception: Native Americans are not helpless victims of colonial devastation, but instead the shrewd protectors of indigenous thought.
5
Teuton, Sean. "3. To write in English." In Native American Literature, 35–50. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199944521.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
‘To write in English’ explains how the written word allowed Native Americans to more easily pass on the oral literature of their people and to be recognized as educated and rational agents. In 1815, Sequoyah, a Cherokee silversmith, single-handedly invented a written language, which was embraced by the Cherokee Nation. By the late 1820s, most Cherokees could write in Sequoyan and, with the eventual success of missionary schools, many could speak, read, and write English. In 1828, the first issue of North America’s first indigenous language newspaper, the Cherokee Phoenix, was published. The paper declared in English and Cherokee the vital role that American literacy would play in transforming Native people.
6
Tatonetti, Lisa. "Native American Literatures." In The Cambridge History of Gay and Lesbian Literature, 548–69. Cambridge University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cho9781139547376.036.
Full text
7
Teuton, Sean. "2. Oral literatures." In Native American Literature, 19–34. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199944521.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
Native Americans carefully trained their memories to record and transmit vast bodies of knowledge verbatim because, in an oral society, the known universe always stood only one generation from loss. ‘Oral literatures’ explains that indigenous tales instruct in ethics, ecology, religion, or governance, and record ancient migrations, catastrophes, battles, and heroism. Oral literatures grow from differing landscapes and forms of life, and still form the basis of modern Native American writing. Despite their differences, oral literatures usually communicate a wish to live intimately with a unique ancestral land and its creatures, a commitment to a proper relationship with that land and its broad community, and a belief in the power of story to achieve this accordance.
8
Teuton, Sean. "4. From artifact to intellectual." In Native American Literature, 51–67. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199944521.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
‘From artifact to intellectual’ describes the nineteenth-century Indian Wars and the numerous Native American autobiographies that provide a glimpse into indigenous patterns of living, ways of knowing, and verbal art. These autobiographies also deliver a powerful counter-narrative of US entitlement to indigenous lands during Indian removal. In an era of reform, from around 1890 to 1934, Native and non-Native activists sought legislation to “uplift” the Indian, though reformers’ goals often conflicted. Natives and whites actively collaborated through the Society of American Indians (SAI) to influence federal Indian policy. The SAI helped save Native American writers for the twentieth century, scattering the cultural seeds for later Native literary flourishing.
9
Teuton, Sean. "6. The Native novel." In Native American Literature, 85–100. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199944521.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
‘The Native novel’ outlines the first Native American novels— John Rollin Ridge’s Life and Adventures of Joaquin Murieta, the Celebrated California Bandit (1854) and Sophia Alice Callahan’s Wynema, a Child of the Forest (1891). It then goes on to describe the novels of Cherokee writer John Milton Oskison, Osage writer John Joseph Mathews, Salish writer D’Arcy McNickle, and Mourning Dove as well as the Red Power writing of the 1960s and 1970s. Since the first two novels, Native writers have used the form to test various responses to North American colonialism, from violent resistance to passive acceptance. The Native American novelist seeks to mediate, often subversively, between the “novel of resistance” and the “novel of assimilation.”
10
Teuton, Sean. "7. Indigenous futurity." In Native American Literature, 101–18. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199944521.003.0007.
Full textAbstract:
‘Indigenous futurity’ considers how indigenous revivals might be viewed as expressions of “futurity,” operating in resistance to those assumptions that consign Native American peoples and lifeways to the past. It discusses a range of Native American poetry and theatre, including the work of Simon Ortiz, Jane Johnston Schoolcraft, John Rollin Ridge, E. Pauline Johnson, Laura Tohe, and Joy Harjo. Whatever the form, contemporary Native poets look to oral literature and its long-held understanding of language as a source of change. Such poetry not only frees Native American voices, but confirms a spiritual awareness of ancestral land and community. Native American writers in all genres express an Indigenous world in all its complexity.
Conference papers on the topic "Native American Literature"
1
Kristianto, Bayu. "Indigenizing Tourism: Native American Representations in Contemporary Travel Literature." In Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Strategic and Global Studies, ICSGS 2019, 6-7 November 2019, Sari Pacific, Jakarta, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.6-11-2019.2297372.
Full text
2
Hernandez, Susan D., and Mary E. Clark. "Building Capacity and Public Involvement Among Native American Communities." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1251.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) supports a number of local community initiatives to encourage public involvement in decisions regarding environmental waste management and remediation. Native American tribal communities, in most cases, operate as sovereign nations, and thus have jurisdiction over environmental management on their lands. This paper provides examples of initiatives addressing Native American concerns about past radioactive waste management practices — one addresses uranium mining wastes in the Western United States and the other, environmental contamination in Alaska. These two projects involve the community in radioactive waste management decision-making by encouraging them to articulate their concerns and observations; soliciting their recommended solutions; and facilitating leadership within the community by involving local tribal governments, individuals, scientists and educators in the project. Frequently, a community organization, such as a local college or Native American organization, is selected to manage the project due to their cultural knowledge and acceptance within the community. It should be noted that U.S. EPA, consistent with Federal requirements, respects Indian tribal self-government and supports tribal sovereignty and self-determination. For this reason, in the projects and initiatives described in the presentation, the U.S. EPA is involved at the behest and approval of Native American tribal governments and community organizations. Objectives of the activities described in this presentation are to equip Native American communities with the skills and resources to assess and resolve environmental problems on their lands. Some of the key outcomes of these projects include: • Training teachers of Navajo Indian students to provide lessons about radiation and uranium mining in their communities. Teachers will use problem-based education, which allows students to connect the subject of learning with real-world issues and concerns of their community. Teachers are encouraged to utilize members of the community and to conduct field trips to make the material as relevant to the students. • Creating an interactive database that combines scientific and technical data from peer-reviewed literature along with complementary Native American community environmental observations. • Developing educational materials that meet the national science standards for education and also incorporate Native American culture, language, and history. The use of both Native American and Western (Euro-American) educational concepts serve to reinforce learning and support cultural identity. The two projects adopt approaches that are tailored to encourage the participation of, and leadership from, Native American communities to guide environmental waste management and remediation on their lands. These initiatives are consistent with the government-to-government relationship between Native American tribes and the U.S. government and support the principle that tribes are empowered to exercise their own decision-making authority with respect to their lands.
3
Hamilton, Megan. "Evaluating Online Social Studies Curriculum for K–12 American Indian/Alaskan Native Education: A Systematic Literature Review." In 2024 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/2103223.
Full text
4
Lopes, Jefferson G. M., Johnatan Oliveira, and Eduardo Figueiredo. "Evaluating the Impact of Developer Experience on Code Quality: A Systematic Literature Review." In Congresso Ibero-Americano em Engenharia de Software. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/cibse.2024.28446.
Full textAbstract:
The relationship between developer experience and code quality continues to provoke extensive debate and diverging interpretations in software engineering. To investigate this subject, we conducted a systematic literature review and identified 18 relevant papers from which we aim to answer an overarching research question: to what extent does developer experience impact on code quality? Our analysis reveals different definitions and dimensions for both developer experience and code quality, highlighting the complexity and multifaceted nature of their relationship. We also observed contradictory results on the impact of developer experience on code quality. This literature review contributes in two key ways. First, it synthesizes various perspectives on developer experience and code quality, offering a consolidated viewpoint of the current academic work. Second, it uncovers significant gaps in our understanding of the relationship between these two concepts, pinpointing areas for further research and emphasizing the needs for more focused studies to bridge these knowledge gaps.
5
Carvalho, Braulio Fernandes de, Gustavo Nogueira Barreto, and Antônio Sérgio Farias Castro. "ÁRVORES NATIVAS RECOMENDADAS PARA COMPOSIÇÃO URBANA EM PARNAÍBA-PI." In I Congresso Brasileiro On-line de Estudos Ecológicos. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e Meio Ambiente, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/rema/2696.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução: O município de Parnaíba-PI encontra-se em área ecotonal de Caatinga e Cerrado, sob influência pré-Amazônica e litorânea. Possui uma variedade geográfica com diversas fitofisionomias, como dunas, restingas, tabuleiros litorâneos inundáveis ou drenados, praias e manguezais. Apesar da rica biodiversidade, é comum encontrar árvores exóticas em detrimento de espécies nativas. Objetivos: Propor uma lista de palmeiras e árvores nativas adequadas para plantio em Parnaíba-PI. Material e métodos: Consultas à literatura, a bancos de dados eletrônicos (IPNI e REFLORA) e visitas de campo a ecossistemas diversos do Piauí e Ceará. Resultados: Xixá (Sterculia striata), Pau-d’arco-roxo (Handroanthus impetiginosus), Pau-d’arco-amarelo (Handroanthus ochraceus), Caraúba (Tabebuia aurea), Caroba (Jacaranda brasiliana), Tamboril (Enterolobium contortisiliquum), Sucupira-preta (Bowdichia virgilioides), Barriguda (Ceiba glaziovii), Angico (Anadenanthera colubrina), Fava-d’anta (Dimorphandra gardneriana), Tingui (Magonia pubescens), Cedro (Cedrela odorata), Cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica), Umburana-de-cambão (Commiphora leptophloeos), Umburana-de-cheiro (Amburana cearensis), Cajazeira (Spondias mombin),) Umbuzeiro (Spondias tuberosa), Sapucaia (Lecythis pisonis), Sapucaí (Lecythis lurida), Faveira (Parkia platycephala), Angico-branco (Albizia niopoides), Mororó (Bauhinia subclavata), Catingueira (Cenostigma pyramidale), Pitombeira (Talisia esculenta), Fígado-de-galinha (Martiodendron mediterraneum), Catingueiro (Chamaecrista eitenorum), Sambaíba (Curatella americana), Pau-marfim (Agonandra brasiliensis), Cajueiro (Anacardium occidentale), Oitizeiro (Moquilea tomentosa), Caneleiro (Cenostigma macrophyllum), Jenipapo (Genipa americana), Carnaúba (Copernicia prunifera), Coco-babão (Syagrus cearensis), Garampara (Dipteryx lacunifera), Macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata), Gameleira (Ficus pakkensis), Juazeiro (Sarcomphalus joazeiro), Janaguba (Himatanthus drasticus), Cauaçu (Coccoloba latifolia), Jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril), Miolo-roxo (Peltogyne confertiflora), Pau-d’óleo (Copaifera martii), Buritizeiro (Mauritia flexuosa), Trapiá (Crateva tapia), Torém (Cecropia palmata), Ingazeiro (Inga vera), Mangue-vermelho (Rhizophora mangle), Mangue-preto (Avicennia germinans), Mangue-de-botão (Conocarpus erectus), Tucum (Astrocaryum vulgare), Mangaba (Hancornia speciosa), Gonçalo-alves (Astronium fraxinifolium), Catanduva (Pityrocarpa moniliformis), Babaçu (Attalea speciosa), Maçaranduba (Manilkara cavalcantei), Jucá (Libidibia ferrea), Tatajuba (Maclura tinctoria), Pereiro (Aspidosperma pyrifolium), Puçá (Mouriri pusa) e Angelim (Andira fraxinifolia). Conclusão: Deve-se priorizar o uso de múltiplas espécies nativas, garantindo diversidade biológica e maximizando os serviços ambientais, como controle erosivo, aprisionamento de carbono, percolação de água pluvial, sombreamento, amortização de marés e produção de alimentos e de abrigos para fauna. Devem-se considerar as especificidades do local de plantio, de modo a incluir espécies adequadas às condições edáficas, e cujas características não interfiram na locomoção de veículos e pedestres, causem danos à rede elétrica ou destruam calçadas.
6
Li, Yuqi, Sijia Wang, and Hongyu Zhang. "Game-based Plant Science Popularization Mobile Application for Contemporary Young People." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003864.
Full textAbstract:
Nature is the basic condition for human survival and development. The nature-deficit disorder is a phenomenon put forward by American writer Richard Louv, that is, the complete separation of modern urban children from nature in the 21st century. Some experts explain that this desire and ignorance of nature is due to a lack of time to go outdoors, especially in the countryside. In real life, the population of "nature-deficit disorder" has expanded from children to adults. In order to let young people go into nature and understand the thousands of plants in nature, our team wants to design an application to popularize plants through a game-based live experience, so that users can learn more plant knowledge in fun. This design adopts the methods of the questionnaire survey, user interview, and literature retrieval to deeply discover the contemporary young people's understanding of plants, the development status of game-based science popularization apps at home and abroad, and the expected functions of users, to determine the information construction, visual image and interactive experience of the APP. Our team uses Rhino, Cinema 4D, Blender, Unity, Unreal and other software, combined with ergonomics to achieve scene modeling and rendering, to create a more realistic AR experience. The APP can guide users to enter the virtual map, take photos and punch cards through AR switching angles, and randomly obtain passes to unlock other maps. At the same time, users can click to view specific plant data, unlock the plant by completing key tasks such as roots, stems, and leaves, and bring it into the backpack for creation; the app can also game the handicraft which uses plants as raw materials, and guide users to create their own unique imprint. After the usability test, the respondents all believed that this APP could produce a better effect of plant science popularization in the game experience.
7
Abubakr Muntaka, Siddique, Joel K Appiah, and Hazem Said. "Evolution of Information Technology in Industry: A Systematic Literature Review." In InSITE 2024: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences. Informing Science Institute, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/5322.
Full textAbstract:
Aim/Purpose. This study addresses the research question: “What are the developmental phases of Information Technology in the industry?” Existing research has explored the impact of Information Technology (IT) on specific industries. However, it is essential to understand the evolution of IT within industries, its influence on the workforce, and technological advancements. Addressing this knowledge gap will enhance future workforce development and IT integration across diverse sectors. Background. IT can significantly transform industries and drive innovation to meet client demands. Understanding IT phases in industry through literature helps governments and businesses worldwide recognize its importance. This knowledge can guide strategies to address the shortage of highly skilled workers by prioritizing education and training programs to meet future demands. Methodology The methodology involved a systematic literature review of 110 IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, and Google Scholar articles. Thematic analysis was used to understand the development of IT in distinct phases since the 1990s. This development has resulted in a continuous demand for new workforce skills and evolving customer expectations. Contribution. This study aims to fill the knowledge gap by enhancing our understanding of how evolving IT influences the industry and shapes IT jobs and skills. It provides a historical perspective, illustrating how IT advancements have led to new applications to meet changing needs. Additionally, the study identifies patterns in the evolving IT skill requirements due to technological advancements and discusses implications for curriculum development and higher education. Findings. The study identified three significant phases through a systematic literature review and thematic analysis. The first phase, “Advent of Industry IT” (1990-2000), established the digital framework and built essential systems and infrastructure. The second phase, “Connectivity & Information Revolution” (2000-2010), saw exponential internet growth, transforming information access and communication. The third phase, “Emerging Industry IT” (2010-present), focuses on artificial intelligence, automation, and data-driven insights, continuing to disrupt and transform industries. Recommendations for Practitioners. The changing phases of IT within the industry should inform the development of innovative programs. These programs should address diverse skill sets across eras, preparing the workforce for evolving job roles in various sectors, such as healthcare in North America, automotive manufacturing in Japan, telecommunications in Africa, and innovations in other parts of the world. Recommendations for Researchers. Researchers can conduct longitudinal studies to explore the ongoing evolution of IT, tracking its trajectory beyond current delineated phases to understand future trends. Comparative studies across various industries can assess how IT evolution varies among sectors and delve deeper into its practical implications. Researchers can also conduct impact assessment studies to determine how various IT phases directly affect organizational strategy, worker dynamics, and organizational structures across industries. Examples include logistics in the Netherlands, retail in the United Kingdom, and agriculture in Brazil. Impact on Society. Policymakers and planners can use knowledge of these phases to predict technological shifts and industry trends. This knowledge helps develop strategies and policies supporting entrepreneurship, education and training alignment, technical innovation, economic growth, and job creation in line with the changing IT landscape. Examples of policies include Singapore’s Smart Nation initiative, Germany’s Industry 4.0 strategy, Ghana’s digitization efforts, and India’s Digital India campaign. Future Research. Future research can provide a thorough understanding of the evolutionary patterns of IT within sectors by validating the study through various datasets and conducting in-depth examinations of individual industries. This will contribute to a deeper understanding of sector-specific IT evolution and their varying impact on societal interactions and industry dynamics. Comparative studies across various sectors, such as logistics in the Netherlands, retail in the United Kingdom, and agriculture in Brazil, can assess how IT evolution varies.
8
Admiraal, Wilfried, and Irma Heemskerk. "ONLINE WORKSPACES TO SUPPORT TEACHER COMMUNITIES IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS." In eLSE 2012. Editura Universitara, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-12-065.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction There are steadily expanding claims that teacher community contributes to the improvement in the practices of teaching and schooling (cf., Witziers et al., 1999; Little, 2003; Darling-Hammond and Bransford, 2005) as well as individual teacher development and the collective capacity schools (cf., Seashore Louis et al., 1996; Grossman et al., 2001; Imants et al., 2001; Achinstein, 2002; Piazza et al., 2009). In line with Grossman et al. (2001), we are interested in teacher community at the local level, where interaction, dialogue and trust are necessary elements of building cohesion. Based on the definition of community by Bellah et al (1985), we define a teacher community as ‘a group of teachers who are socially interdependent, who participate together in discussion and decision making, and share and build knowledge with a group identity, shared domain and goals, and shared interactional repertoire’. This means that we distinguish three core features of a teacher community: group identity, shared domain and goals, and shared interactional repertoire. These features refers to the nature of a community (group identity), what a community is about (shared domain), and how it functions (shared interactional repertoire). In a literature review of Brouwer et al. (in press), 31 design principles have been retrieved from the literature about the setup of efficient and effective teacher communities in schools. Examples of design principles are the promotion of interdependence, shared responsibility and individual accountability, the development of guidelines for dealing with conflicts and decision-making, and the consideration of group size and heterogeneity of expertise. The use of online workspaces might solve issues in communication and collaboration of school teachers as well as in establishing feelings of cohesion and trust –in addition to face-to-face interaction and collaboration. However, the problem is that we do not know how online workspace should be designed in order to efficiently and effectively communities of teachers in secondary school. Method and results A systematic review will be presented of online workspaces from the perspective of how teacher communities should be designed in order to effectively and efficiently support collaboration and communication of teachers in secondary schools. These tools includes tools for collaborative writing, file sharing, mind mapping, group communication, social networking, wikis and blogs, web presenting, whiteboarding, web and video conferencing, chat and instant messaging, and project management and event scheduling. Subsequently, online collaboration tools are evaluated on the way their functionalities potentially facilitate the design principles that have been worked out. Literature Achinstein, B. (2002), “Conflict amid community: The micropolitics of teacher collaboration”, Teacher College Record, Vol.104 No.3, pp.421-455. Bellah, R. N., Madsen, N., Sullivan, W. M., Swidler, A., & Tipton, S. M. (1985). Habits of the heart; Individualism and commitment in American life. Berkeley, CA: University of Calidofornia Press. Brouwer, P., Brekelmans, M., Nieuwenhuis, L., & Simons, P. R. J. (in press). Fostering teacher community development A review of design principles and a case study of an innovative interdisciplinary team. Learning Environments Research. Darling-Hammond, L. and Bransford, J. (Eds.) (2005), Preparing teachers for a changing world. What teachers should learn and be able to do, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco. Grossman, P., Wineburg, S., & Woolworth, S. (2001). Toward a theory of teacher community. Teacher College Record, 103, 942-1012. Imants, J., Sleegers, P. and Witziers, B. (2001), “The tension between sub-structures in secondary schools and educational reform”, School Leadership & Management, Vol.21, No.3, pp.289-307. Little, J. W. (2003), “Inside teacher community: representations of classroom practice”, Teachers College Record, Vol.105 No.6, pp.913-945. Piazza, P., McNeill, K.L. and Hittinger, J. (2009), “Developing a voluntary teacher community: The role of professional development, collaborative learning and conflict”, Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, April, San Diego, CA. Seashore Louis, K., Marks, H. and Kruse, S. (1996), “Teachers’ professional community in restructuring schools.” American Educational Research Journal, Vol.33 No.4, pp.757-798. Witziers, B., Sleegers, P. and Imants, J. (1999), “Departments as teams: functioning, variations and alternatives”, School Leadership & Management, Vol.19 No.3, pp.293- 304.
9
Zhang, Hui, Wanyi Wei, and Yingping Cao. "The effect of congruity between background music language and brand culture on consumer behavior." In 15th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2024). AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005449.
Full textAbstract:
Numerous research have explored how musical elements affect consumer behavior in the retail scenario. But this claim has not been fully proven in the online shopping scenario, which has become one of the current mainstream consumption methods. Some researchers have stressed the value of musical congruity, the majority of their discussions have focused on the structural characteristics (rhythm, volume, genre, etc.) or affective characteristics (style, familiarity, valence, etc.), and the cultural characteristics (nation, territory, language, etc.) of music seem to be less discussed. This study focuses on the different music languages to explore the influence of the context effect brought by the cultural characteristics of music on consumer behavior. Language variations in music are primarily represented in the lyrics. The study aims to explore how music enhances the online shopping experience by influencing users' cognitive and emotional responses. It also provides guidance on music selection for e-commerce brands to use music strategically to promote goods consumption.In this study, we simulated the current mainstream e-commerce shopping websites to make online shopping pages of sneakers and selected the music (music with Chinese lyrics, music with English lyrics) on the mainstream music platform charts as experimental materials. The experiment recruited 30 participants (15 females; all of them have online shopping experience); they were divided into three groups (no music, music with Chinese lyric, music with English lyric) and asked to choose a pair of sneakers for themselves from randomly given goods (Chinese brands *8, European and American brands *8) under different background music. We captured the participants' browsing duration, trajectory, and focus position with the eye tracker. Participants' cognitive responses (product purchase intention ranking, product evaluation, music experience), emotional response (PAD emotion), and final behavioral response (direct purchase, shopping cart addition, sharing, collection) were collected through questionnaires.According to the experimental data's T-test, from the perspective of brand, when the music language and brand culture are consistent, the sharing rate of goods will increase. From the perspective of music, goods that have the same nation with background music will get a higher share rate. Compared with the environment without music, the user's pleasure and arousal are significantly improved under both Chinese songs and European and American songs.Our research shows that congruity between music language and brand culture leads to higher levels of pleasure and significantly affects online consumer behavior. When the music culture is consistent with the brand, the rate at which consumers share the goods increases. The pleasant user experience brought by musical congruity increases consumers' evaluation of the cognitive response of the product, thus positively affecting consumers' purchase intention. The experimental results provide new insights into music selection in the online shopping scene in the field of auditory marketing. It enriches the existing literature on musical congruity and cultural characteristics.
10
Luna, Hélder Silva e., and GIULIA GRAVA. "PEPTÍDEOS ANTIVIRAIS DA PEÇONHA DE ESCORPIÃO COMO POTENCIAL FÁRMACO NO COMBATE A COVID-19: A BIOINFORMÁTICA NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE MEDICAMENTOS." In III Congresso Brasileiro de Ciências Biologicas. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e Meio Ambiente, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/iii-conbracib/7532.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução: Com relação ao vírus da Covid-19 mesmo com o desenvolvimento das vacinais e considerável aceitação das mesmas pela população, é necessária a exploração de novas tecnologias para o combate do vírus SARS-CoV-2. Alguns estudos mostram o potencial de agentes bioquímicos com origens distintas para a inibição do receptor específico desse patógeno. A proteína Spike da Covid-19 interage com a ACE2 (enzima conversora responsável por resultar a adesão do vírus no hospedeiro) iniciando o processo de infecção. Nesta sequência foram desenvolvidos trabalhos que ressaltam a importância dos peptídeos antivirais (AVP´s) de origem natural. Para estes estudos, o emprego da bioinformática contribui para possíveis desenvolvimentos de medicamentos. Objetivo: Neste contexto o objetivo do estudo foi pesquisar os peptídeos com potencial antiviral presentes na peçonha de algumas espécies de escorpiões através de análises computacionais. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura acessando os seguintes bancos de dados: Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO); National Library of Medicine National Institute of Health (PubMed) e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs) com os descritores: “Scorpion” “Venom” “Covid-19”. Resultados: Foram encontradas seis publicações e destas selecionadas uma, aplicando o critério de inclusão: o uso de AVP´s do veneno do escorpião no combate a Covid-19 associados a estudos de bioinformática. Os critérios de exclusão foram: pesquisas que não estivessem relacionadas ao tema específico proposto assim como artigos duplicados. Como resultados observou-se nas modelagens e simulações que o peptídeo Meucina-18 altera a conformação nativa do domínio de ligação do receptor (RBD) da proteína Spike e leva a interação incorreta do RDB com o receptor ACE2 e a sua mutação A9T que impede a interação do domínio RDB com o receptor ACE2. Conclusão: O potencial das AVP´s da peçonha de escorpião no combate de viroses associados às tecnologias de modelagens e simulações biológicas, pela bioinformática, são muito promissores para o desenvolvimento de novos medicamentos extraídos de toxinas biológicas.
Reports on the topic "Native American Literature"
1
Stoffle, R., J. Olmsted, and M. Evans. Literature review and ethnohistory of Native American occupancy and use of the Yucca Mountain Region; Yucca Mountain Project, Interim report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/137689.
Full text
2
Гарлицька, Т. С. Substandard Vocabulary in the System of Urban Communication. Криворізький державний педагогічний університет, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3912.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to substandard elements which are considered as one of the components in the system of urban forms of communication. The Object of our research is substandard vocabulary, the Subject is structural characteristics of the modern city language, the Purpose of the study is to define the main types of substandard vocabulary and their role in the system of urban communication. The theoretical base of our research includes the scientific works of native and foreign linguists, which are devoted to urban linguistics (B. Larin, M. Makovskyi, V. Labov, T. Yerofeieva, L. Pederson, R. McDavid, O. Horbach, L. Stavytska, Y. Stepanov, S. Martos). Different lexical and phraseological units, taken from the Ukrainian, Russian and American Dictionaries of slang and jargon, serve as the material of our research. The main components of the city language include literary language, territorial dialects, different intermediate transitional types, which are used in the colloquial everyday communication but do not have territorial limited character, and social dialects. The structural characteristics, proposed in the article, demonstrate the variety and correlation of different subsystems of the city language. Today peripheral elements play the main role in the city communication. They are also called substandard, non-codified, marginal, non-literary elements or the jargon styles of communication. Among substandard elements of the city language the most important are social dialects, which include such subsystems as argot, jargon and slang. The origin, functioning and characteristics of each subsystem are studied on the material of linguistic literature of different countries. It is also ascertained that argot is the oldest form of sociolects, jargon divides into corporative and professional ones, in the structure of slangy words there are common and special slang. Besides, we can speak about sociolectosentrism of the native linguistics and linguemosentrism of the English tradition of slang nomination. Except social dialects, the important structural elements of the city language are also intermediate transitional types, which include koine, colloquialisms, interdialect, surzhyk, pidgin and creole. Surzhyk can be attributed to the same type of language formations as pidgin and creole because these types of oral speech were created mostly by means of the units mixing of the obtruded language of the parent state with the elements of the native languages.
3
Ospina, William. Hölderlin and the U'wa: A Reflection on Nature, Culture and Development. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007952.
Full text
4
(Archived), Irina Ward, and Farah Abu Saleh. PR-473-144506-R01 State of the Art Alternatives to Steel Pipelines. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011459.
Full textAbstract:
This report is a literature review of several non-metallic material systems often used as alter-natives to steel pipelines. The pipeline systems reviewed are high density polyethylene (HDPE), fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP), flexible composite and thermoplastic liners. This report is not intended to be a detailed guide or design manual on the use of the referenced materials for pipeline applications, rather an overall evaluation on the current state of these systems. Significant industry literature and documentation already exists on the design, manufacturing, installation, and operation of these pipelines. This information currently resides in pipe manufacturer's manuals and various industry standards and guides published by organizations such as ASTM International (ASTM), American Petroleum Institute (API) American Water Works Association (AWWA), and International Organization for Standardization (ISO). In Canada, the oil and gas industry pipeline code, CSA Z662-2015 (Canadian Standards Association, 2015). Users should frequently consult the manufacturers of the pipe products in use or under consideration for use for clarification and suggestions regarding the best practices, considerations and applications of the materials in question. In addition, pipeline operators should be aware of the applicable regulatory requirements in the jurisdictions they are operating within.
5
Pérez Urdiales, María, Analía Gómez Vidal, and Jesse Madden Libra. Pricing Determinants in the Water and Sanitation Sector: A Quick View of Heterogeneity in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004796.
Full textAbstract:
The dual nature of water as a finite resource and as a basic human right creates a tension that presents important implications for water pricing. Water tariffs are a key tool used by policymakers to create incentive structures that promote efficient use; at the same time, they can create barriers to access and ignore waters socio-cultural value if not calibrated properly. This conflict between pricing as to reduce over-consumption and to guarantee accessibility exposes the difficulty of optimizing residential water pricing, and the importance of progressive tariff structures in building more resilient communities.Water policymakers view tariffs as an instrument to balance various objectives, such as efficiency, equity, cost recovery, and environmental preservation. However, these competing objectives mean that effective water tariff structures must be acutely customized to local contexts, a reality that is especially pertinent to Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) due to its geographic and temporal heterogeneity in terms of water availability and demand. Prices can also be influenced by other factors. Four primary factor categories were identified as influential to water prices based on a comprehensive review of the price determination literature: (1) environmental factors, (2) urban factors, (3) political and ideological factors, and (4) management and institutional factors. The present brief examines how these factors theoretically impact pricing and what their status is throughout LAC, with the ultimate goal of providing a framework for future research.
6
Acevedo, Sebastián, and Nicolás Dassen. Innovation for Better Management: The Contribution of Public Innovation Labs. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010661.
Full textAbstract:
The technological, economic, and social changes of recent years have required governments to adapt to new challenges and growing demands from civil society. In many countries, and at different levels of government, this has led to the creation of innovation labs that aim to promote policy innovation in diverse ways. This paper analyzes the roles of innovation labs in Latin America, examines their challenges, and compares them to best practices and characteristics that current literature associates with higher levels of innovation in the public sector and in other organizations. Based on a survey of lab directors and the undertaking of two case studies, this paper describes the scope of innovation labs in Latin America and discusses the challenges they face to (i) work on central issues, (ii) achieve the adoption and scale up of their innovations, and (iii) ensure their sustainability. There are four key factors that determine the success of innovation labs in overcoming these challenges: two of these are of a political and institutional nature, namely leadership support and policy networks, while the other two relate to lab methodologies, namely the technical adaptation of their innovations and the building of a shared meaning. Additionally, two major differences have been identified between the innovation labs discussed herein and those of other regions, as described by the existing literature: a greater focus on issues of open government and less rigorous testing of their innovations, such as randomized experimentation and impact evaluation. Lastly, this study provides the relevant conclusions and recommendations on how to establish innovation labs as effective channels to manage innovation in government, along with its in-herent risks, and modernize public administration.
7
Lamina, Toyin, Hamdi I. Abdi, Kathryn Behrens, Kathleen Call, Amy M. Claussen, Janette Dill, Stuart W. Grande, et al. Strategies To Address Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health and Healthcare: An Evidence Map. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepctb46.
Full textAbstract:
Background. Racial and ethnic disparities in health and healthcare continue to endure in the United States despite efforts in research, practice, and policy. Interventions targeted at patients, clinicians, and/or health systems may offer ways to address disparities and improve health outcomes in prevention/treatment of chronic conditions in adults. Purpose. This evidence map identifies existing interventions to be considered for implementation by healthcare system leaders and policymakers, and to inform researchers and funding agencies on gaps in knowledge and research needs. Methods. We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Scopus from January 2017 through April 2023 for U.S.-based studies from the peer-reviewed published literature. We incorporated supplementary information from systematic reviews. We supplemented this with the gray literature, when available, from pertinent organizations, foundations, and institutes. We held discussions with Key Informants who represented stakeholders in healthcare disparities. Findings. A vast and varied literature addresses healthcare system interventions to reduce racial and ethnic health and healthcare disparities. We identified 163 unique studies from 174 reports, and 12 intervention types not mutually exclusive in their descriptions. The most studied intervention type was self-management support, followed by prevention/lifestyle support, then patient navigation, care coordination, and system level quality improvement (QI). Most of the interventions specifically targeted patient behaviors. Few studies (5) used a comparator, which made it difficult to determine whether disparities between groups were reduced or eliminated. Most of the studies (45%) included multiple race/ethnic groups (i.e., enrolled participants from more than one racially/ethnically minoritized group or enrolled racially minoritized people and non-minoritized groups). We found few studies that exclusively enrolled Asians (6%) and American Indians/Alaska Natives (1%). Cancer was the most studied chronic condition. Randomized controlled trials were common; but less rigorous study designs were often used for system level quality improvement (QI) and collaborative care model interventions. Few studies reported patient experience as primary outcomes. Studies did not report on harms or adverse events and nor did they report on factors necessary for determining applicability or sustainability of the interventions. A number of studies reported on cultural adaptation or community involvement (either partnership or collaboration). Future studies should seek to standardize the terms in which they describe interventions and aim to specifically address whether disparities between groups are reduced or eliminated. Nonetheless, this evidence map provides a resource for health systems to identify intervention approaches that have been examined elsewhere and that might be imported or adapted to new situations and environments.
8
Lyzanchuk, Vasyl. STUDENTS EVALUATE THE TEACHING OF THE ACADEMIC SUBJECT. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2024.54-55.12159.
Full textAbstract:
The article reveals and characterizes the methodological features of teaching the discipline «Intellectual and Psychological Foundations of Mass Media Functioning» on the third year of the Faculty of Journalism at Ivan Franko National University of Lviv. The focus is on the principles, functions, and standards of journalistic creativity during the full-scale war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. As the Russian genocidal, terrorist, and ecocidal war has posed acute challenges to the education and upbringing of student youth. A young person is called not only to acquire knowledge but to receive them simultaneously with comprehensive national, civic, and moral-spiritual upbringing. Teaching and educating students, the future journalists, on Ukrainian-centric, nation-building principles ensure a sense of unity between current socio-political processes and historical past, and open an intellectual window to Ukraine’s future. The teaching of the course ‘Intellectual-Psychological Foundations of Mass Media Functioning’ (lectures and practical classes, creative written assignments) is grounded in the philosophy of national education and upbringing, aimed at shaping a citizen-patriot and a knight, as only such a citizen is capable of selfless service to their own people, heroic struggle for freedom, and the united Ukrainian national state. The article presents student creative works, the aim of which is to develop historical national memory in students, promote the ideals of spiritual unity and integrity of Ukrainian identity, nurture the life-sustaining values of the Ukrainian language and culture, perpetuate the symbols of statehood, and strengthen the moral dignity and greatness of Ukrainian heroism. A methodology for assessing students’ pedagogical-professional competence and the fairness of teachers who deliver lectures and conduct practical classes has been summarized. The survey questions allow students to express their attitudes towards the content, methods, and forms of the educational process, which involves the application of experience from European and American countries, but the main emphasis is on the application of Ukrainian ethnopedagogy. Its defining ideas are democracy, populism, and patriotism, enriched with a distinct nation-building potential, which instills among students a unique culture of genuine Ukrainian history, the Ukrainian language and literature, national culture, and high journalistic professionalism. Key words: educator, student, journalism, education, patriotism, competence, national consciousness, Russian-Ukrainian war, professionalism.
9
Hertel, Thomas. Implications of Agricultural Productivity for Global Cropland Use and GHG Emissions: Borlaug vs. Jevons. GTAP Working Paper, November 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp69.
Full textAbstract:
This paper introduces a general framework for analyzing the impacts of regional and global technological change on long run agricultural output, prices, land rents, land use, and associated GHG emissions. In so doing, it facilitates a reconciliation of the apparently conflicting views of the impacts of agricultural productivity growth on global GHG emissions and environmental quality. As has been previously recognized, in the case of a global change in farm productivity, the critical condition for an innovation to lead to diminished land use is that the farm level demand for agricultural products is inelastic. However, in the more common case where the innovation is regional in nature, the necessary condition for a reduction in global land use and associated GHG emissions is more complex and depends on the relative yields, emissions efficiencies and supply conditions in the affected and unaffected regions. While innovations in agricultural are most common land-sparing at global scale, innovations in regions commanding a small share of global production, with relatively low yields, high land supply elasticities and low emissions efficiencies can lead to an increase in global land use change emissions. A numerical example illustrates these points and suggests that these conditions may hold for productivity shocks in Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa. These insights are also relevant for the emerging literature on the effect of adverse climate change on global agriculture and associated emissions from land use change. Keywords: technological progress, agricultural land use change, Jevons’ paradox, land-sparing innovation, climate change impacts, greenhouse gas emissions JEL codes: Q11, Q16, Q55, Q54
10
Hertel, Thomas, David Hummels, Maros Ivanic, and Roman Keeney. How Confident Can We Be in CGE-Based Assessments of Free Trade Agreements? GTAP Working Paper, June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp26.
Full textAbstract:
With the proliferation of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) over the past decade, demand for quantitative analysis of their likely impacts has surged. The main quantitative tool for performing such analysis is Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) modeling. Yet these models have been widely criticized for performing poorly (Kehoe, 2002) and having weak econometric foundations (McKitrick, 1998; Jorgenson, 1984). FTA results have been shown to be particularly sensitive to the trade elasticities, with small trade elasticities generating large terms of trade effects and relatively modest efficiency gains, whereas large trade elasticities lead to the opposite result. Critics are understandably wary of results being determined largely by the authors’ choice of trade elasticities. Where do these trade elasticities come from? CGE modelers typically draw these elasticities from econometric work that uses time series price variation to identify an elasticity of substitution between domestic goods and composite imports (Alaouze, 1977; Alaouze, et al., 1977; Stern et al., 1976; Gallaway, McDaniel and Rivera, 2003). This approach has three problems: the use of point estimates as “truth”, the magnitude of the point estimates, and estimating the relevant elasticity. First, modelers take point estimates drawn from the econometric literature, while ignoring the precision of these estimates. As we will make clear below, the confidence one has in various CGE conclusions depends critically on the size of the confidence interval around parameter estimates. Standard “robustness checks” such as systematically raising or lowering the substitution parameters does not properly address this problem because it ignores information about which parameters we know with some precision and which we do not. A second problem with most existing studies derives from the use of import price series to identify home vs. foreign substitution, for example, tends to systematically understate the true elasticity. This is because these estimates take price variation as exogenous when estimating the import demand functions, and ignore quality variation. When quality is high, import demand and prices will be jointly high. This biases estimated elasticities toward zero. A related point is that the fixed-weight import price series used by most authors are theoretically inappropriate for estimating the elasticities of interest. CGE modelers generally examine a nested utility structure, with domestic production substitution for a CES composite import bundle. The appropriate price series is then the corresponding CES price index among foreign varieties. Constructing such an index requires knowledge of the elasticity of substitution among foreign varieties (see below). By using a fixed-weight import price series, previous estimates place too much weight on high foreign prices, and too small a weight on low foreign prices. In other words, they overstate the degree of price variation that exists, relative to a CES price index. Reconciling small trade volume movements with large import price series movements requires a small elasticity of substitution. This problem, and that of unmeasured quality variation, helps explain why typical estimated elasticities are very small. The third problem with the existing literature is that estimates taken from other researchers’ studies typically employ different levels of aggregation, and exploit different sources of price variation, from what policy modelers have in mind. Employment of elasticities in experiments ill-matched to their original estimation can be problematic. For example, estimates may be calculated at a higher or lower level of aggregation than the level of analysis than the modeler wants to examine. Estimating substitutability across sources for paddy rice gives one a quite different answer than estimates that look at agriculture as a whole. When analyzing Free Trade Agreements, the principle policy experiment is a change in relative prices among foreign suppliers caused by lowering tariffs within the FTA. Understanding the substitution this will induce across those suppliers is critical to gauging the FTA’s real effects. Using home v. foreign elasticities rather than elasticities of substitution among imports supplied from different countries may be quite misleading. Moreover, these “sourcing” elasticities are critical for constructing composite import price series to appropriate estimate home v. foreign substitutability. In summary, the history of estimating the substitution elasticities governing trade flows in CGE models has been checkered at best. Clearly there is a need for improved econometric estimation of these trade elasticities that is well-integrated into the CGE modeling framework. This paper provides such estimation and integration, and has several significant merits. First, we choose our experiment carefully. Our CGE analysis focuses on the prospective Free Trade Agreement of the Americas (FTAA) currently under negotiation. This is one of the most important FTAs currently “in play” in international negotiations. It also fits nicely with the source data used to estimate the trade elasticities, which is largely based on imports into North and South America. Our assessment is done in a perfectly competitive, comparative static setting in order to emphasize the role of the trade elasticities in determining the conventional gains/losses from such an FTA. This type of model is still widely used by government agencies for the evaluation of such agreements. Extensions to incorporate imperfect competition are straightforward, but involve the introduction of additional parameters (markups, extent of unexploited scale economies) as well as structural assumptions (entry/no-entry, nature of inter-firm rivalry) that introduce further uncertainty. Since our focus is on the effects of a PTA we estimate elasticities of substitution across multiple foreign supply sources. We do not use cross-exporter variation in prices or tariffs alone. Exporter price series exhibit a high degree of multicolinearity, and in any case, would be subject to unmeasured quality variation as described previously. Similarly, tariff variation by itself is typically unhelpful because by their very nature, Most Favored Nation (MFN) tariffs are non-discriminatory in nature, affecting all suppliers in the same way. Tariff preferences, where they exist, are often difficult to measure – sometimes being confounded by quantitative barriers, restrictive rules of origin, and other restrictions. Instead we employ a unique methodology and data set drawing on not only tariffs, but also bilateral transportation costs for goods traded internationally (Hummels, 1999). Transportation costs vary much more widely than do tariffs, allowing much more precise estimation of the trade elasticities that are central to CGE analysis of FTAs. We have highly disaggregated commodity trade flow data, and are therefore able to provide estimates that precisely match the commodity aggregation scheme employed in the subsequent CGE model. We follow the GTAP Version 5.0 aggregation scheme which includes 42 merchandise trade commodities covering food products, natural resources and manufactured goods. With the exception of two primary commodities that are not traded, we are able to estimate trade elasticities for all merchandise commodities that are significantly different form zero at the 95% confidence level. Rather than producing point estimates of the resulting welfare, export and employment effects, we report confidence intervals instead. These are based on repeated solution of the model, drawing from a distribution of trade elasticity estimates constructed based on the econometrically estimated standard errors. There is now a long history of CGE studies based on SSA: Systematic Sensitivity Analysis (Harrison and Vinod, 1992; Wigle, 1991; Pagon and Shannon, 1987) Ho