Academic literature on the topic 'Natori Gurūpu'

The objective of this work was to determine the quality of the Eucalyptus urophilla x Eucalyptus grandis clone charcoal, defining the basic density and wood retractability, apparent density, breaking index, charcoal yield, condensable and non-condensable gas yield, AQI and calorific values, comparing the results of different trunk positions and in two different heating ramps, ramp 1 (R1) with a heating rate of 1.25 ºC/min, final temperature of 450ºC and total of 6 hours, and ramp 2 (R2) with a heating rate of 1.19 ºC/min, final temperature of 500ºC and total time of 7 hours. The six evaluated trees were from a six-year-old cloned tree plantation located in the municipality of Gurupi, in the south of Tocantins state. The specimens for the characterizations were made from wooden discs removed from three trunk positions (base, DBH, top). The Eucalyptus urograndis wood presented basic density considered average (0.47 g/cm³) and good dimensional stability. The charcoal presented an expected yield and high calorific value influenced by the final temperature of the heating ramps, high fixed carbon content, acceptable ash content, as well as a low breaking rate. The results were satisfactory and identified the species as a good energy source.

This book explores the evolving internationalism of the Black Panther Party (BPP); the continuing exile of former members in Cuba is testament to the lasting nature of the international bonds that were forged during the party's heyday. Founded in Oakland, California, in October 1966, the BPP began with no more than a dozen members. Focused on local issues, most notably police brutality, the Panthers patrolled their West Oakland neighborhood armed with shotguns and law books. Within a few years, the BPP had expanded its operations into a global confrontation with what Minister of Information Eldridge Cleaver dubbed “the international pig power structure.” This book traces the shifting intersections between the black freedom struggle in the United States, Third World anticolonialism, and the Cold War. By the early 1970s, the Panthers had chapters across the United States as well as an international section headquartered in Algeria and support groups and emulators as far afield as England, India, New Zealand, Israel, and Sweden. The international section served as an official embassy for the BPP and a beacon for American revolutionaries abroad, attracting figures ranging from Black Power skyjackers to fugitive LSD guru Timothy Leary. Engaging directly with the expanding Cold War, BPP representatives cultivated alliances with the governments of Cuba, North Korea, China, North Vietnam, and the People's Republic of the Congo as well as European and Japanese militant groups and the Palestinian Liberation Organization.

This chapter provides a sense of the political, cultural and intellectual context in which Ranjit Singh was able to claim the title of ‘Maharajah’. It examines the development of ‘Sikh’ ideas about monarchy, power and rulership that first emerged within the earliest writings of the first Sikh ‘master’, Guru Nanak, in the fifteenth century; whilst considering how attempts to practically interpret and set into action such ideas also evolved within the changing world of the Punjab, leading up to the early years of Ranjit Singh’s reign. This chapter draws upon recent scholarly research that has re-evaluated the dynamics between the Sikhs and the Mughal imperial dynasty, and about the emergence of the Khalsa and Sikh sardars as powers in their own right across eighteenth-century Punjab: studies that casts doubt on earlier scholarly contentions about the ‘republican’ nature of the Khalsa. It thereby aims to outline ideas of Sikh kingship that may have inspired and legitimised Ranjit Singh’s rise to power as a self-styled monarch by the turn of the nineteenth century.

Canadian media guru Marshall McLuhan predicted the rise of the “global village” back in 1962. Time and space, he said, would cease to be barriers to communication, enabling people to form relationships on a worldwide basis. In the past 10 years, rapid growth in communication opportunities has validated much of his analysis. All the same, the world has not turned into one great village. Whole regions of our planet have been excluded, as we can see from the map of the world’s Internet connections. The major links bypass the continent of Africa. From the Atlantic Ocean, they touch the Cape of Good Hope before arcing onward to the Pacific, with just the occasional minor branch to the African coast. They look much like the trade routes of the old Dutch and English East India Companies, in fact. A cable running through Africa would be far too vulnerable, even assuming that any local people or businesses could afford fast Internet connections in the first place. So it is that an entire continent can miss out on the communication revolution, causing it in turn to be shunned by the business world. Software firms develop their programs in China and India rather than in Cameroon. A denser network of communications could give people a greater opportunity to participate in the global economy. It might also give them more control over their water supplies or provide them with early signals of global change. Many other problems that humans face are technical in nature, as are the tools we need to confront them. Microelectronics offers tools to better monitor our health. And more flexible, error-aware computers could steer us away from crises. We need tools that are responsive and ubiquitous. We need to measure and control larger areas on a shorter timescale and with much greater accuracy than is currently possible. We still don’t have enough sensors to monitor our climate or imminent earthquakes. We consume too much energy and too many raw materials in our manufacturing plants because we don’t know how to control the processes more accurately.