To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Natural history New Guinea.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Natural history New Guinea'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Natural history New Guinea.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Rubio, Brent Kawika. "Bioactive natural products for global health from Papua New Guinea marine sponges /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
Full text
2
Bergström, Anders. "Genomic insights into the human population history of Australia and New Guinea." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273775.
Full textAbstract:
The ancient continent of Sahul, encompassing Australia, New Guinea and Tasmania, contains some of the earliest archaeological evidence for humans outside of Africa, dating back to at least 50 thousand years ago (kya). New Guinea was also one of the sites were humans developed agriculture in the last 10 thousand years. Despite the importance of this part of the world to the history of humanity outside Africa, little is known about the population history of the people living here. In this thesis I present population-genetic studies using whole-genome sequencing and genotype array datasets from more than 500 indigenous individuals from Australia and New Guinea, as well as initial work on large-scale sequencing of other, worldwide, human populations in the Human Genome Diversity Project panel. Other than recent admixture after European colonization of Australia, and Southeast Asian ad- mixture in the lowlands of New Guinea in the last few millennia, the populations of Sahul appear to have been genetically independent from the rest of the world since their divergence ∼50 kya. There is no evidence for South Asian gene flow to Australia, as previously suggested, and the highlands of Papua New Guinea (PNG) have remained unaffected by non-New Guinean gene flow until the present day. Despite Sahul being a single connected landmass until ∼8 kya, different groups across Australia are nearly equally related to Papuans, and vice versa, and the two appear to have separated genetically already ∼30 kya. In PNG, all highlanders strikingly appear to form a clade relative to lowlanders, and population structure seems to have been reshaped, with major population size increases, on the same timescale as the spread of agriculture. However, present- day genetic differentiation between groups is much stronger in PNG than in other parts of the world that have also transitioned to agriculture, demonstrating that such a lifestyle change does not necessarily lead to genetic homogenization. The results presented here provide detailed insights into the population history of Sahul, and sug- gests that its history can serve as an independent source of evidence for understanding human evolutionary trajectories, including the relationships between genetics, lifestyle, languages and culture.
3
Wagner, John Richard 1949. "Commons in transition : an analysis of social and ecological change in a coastal rainforest environment in rural Papua New Guinea." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38435.
Full textAbstract:
This study describes the resource management practices of a rural community located in Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea. Lababia, a community of 500 people, is located in a coastal rainforest environment and is dependant for its livelihood on swidden agriculture and fishing. Lababia is also the site of an integrated conservation and development project facilitated by a non-governmental organisation based in a nearby urban centre.The key resources on which Lababia depends are managed as the common property of either the village-as-a-whole or the various kin groups resident in the village, and for that reason common property theory has been used to inform the design of the research project and the analysis and interpretation of research results. However, the social foundations of resource management systems and the influence of external factors, commodity markets in particular, are not adequately represented in some of the more widely used analytical frameworks developed by common property theorists. These factors are of fundamental importance to the Lababia commons because of the many social, political and economic changes that have occurred there over the last century. For that reason the Lababia commons is referred to as a commons-in-transition .
Ethnographic and historical analysis, informed by common property theory, is used to develop a description of the property rights system existing at Lababia and resource management practices in the key sectors of fishing and agriculture. The management of forest resources is described on the basis of a comparison with Kui, a nearby village that, unlike Lababia, has allowed industrial logging activities on their lands. The impact of the conservation and development project on village life is also assessed and the study concludes by developing an analytical framework suitable to the Lababia commons and one that facilitates the development of policy appropriate to the planning of sustainable development projects generally and conservation and development projects in particular.
4
Muke, John D. "The Wahgi Opo Kumbo : an account of warfare in the Central Highlands of New Guinea." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272970.
Full text
5
Mortsiefer, Bernd. "The history of the Evangelical Church of Manus : a developmental approach /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.
Full text
6
Edmundson, Anna Margaret. "For science, salvage & state - official collecting in colonial New Guinea." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/155795.
Full textAbstract:
The Papuan Official Collection is a unique colonial collection assembled between 1907 and 1938 by government officers of the Australian administration of the Territory of Papua. It represents the first instance in the world where a colonial government made ethnographic collecting a requisite duty of its field officers. This unusual turn of events came at the insistence of Papua's first and longest serving Lieutenant-Governor, J.H.P. Murray, who administered the colony for over three decades. The story of how Murray came to establish an official government collection, and its subsequent formation, interpretation, and display over several decades, provides a case study par excellence for examining the complex relationship between colonialism, collecting and anthropology, which emerged over the course of the twentieth century. This study explores the genesis and history of the Papuan Official Collection, and situates it within the wider rubric of Australian colonialism. It establishes Murray as one of the earliest colonial governors in the world to implement, and publically advocate for, anthropology as a tool for colonial administration. It charts the rise of colonial discourses that linked loss of culture to physical demise in Pacific populations, and documents its influence on Australian colonial policy. Its findings suggest that the protection, preservation and management of Indigenous cultural heritage should not be considered a sideline of Australian colonial policy in Papua, but rather one of its most defining features. Over the course of its lifespan the Papuan Official Collection has been displayed in four different museums providing an opportunity to examine how a fixed body of objects (the collection) moved across time and space, to be re-interpreted into different conceptual frameworks: as curios and antiquities; ethnographic artefacts; scientific specimens; artworks; and, finally, as historic objects. My institutional history of the POC cautions against the assumption that colonial collections were always used as uncontested propaganda, which metropolitan museums were content to display on behalf of the imperial mission. While the Murray administration in Papua was able to provide goods and information to the various museums which housed the Collection, each institution had its own competing agendas and the relationship was not always a smooth one.
7
Doecke, Philip John. "Discourse on primary school physical education curriculum in Papua New Guinea." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2006. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16265/1/Philip_Doecke_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The Problem
Physical Education in Papua New Guinea (PNG) schools did not appear to be widespread nor progressing effectively. Its place in education appeared uncertain. Therefore the study's key question was, "What is the status of physical education in PNG, and the implications of this status?" The focus was narrowed to the history of the development of physical education curriculum, and considered decisions made by curriculum officers about what ought to be taught.
Purposes The study's purposes, in answering the key question, were to:
§ evaluate the existing physical education curriculum
§ generate recommendations for physical education programs.
The Research
Postmodern ethnography was chosen to undertake the evaluation, through the analysis of historical records and personal narratives. As there was little available literature on physical education curriculum development in PNG, the narratives and opinions of a variety of policymakers, policydevelopers, policyimplementers, and clients of this curriculum development were recorded. The curriculum itself was analysed, as well as related articles and official documentation. The collective data were evaluated, to provide an overall view of physical education curriculum development.
Methodology
Following the search for literature in libraries, data were collected from Curriculum Development Division records. As many curriculum documents (such as syllabi and advisory memos) as possible were collected. Key personnel were identified and personally interviewed by the researcher. For a wider group (school principals) an interview guideline was used, while for the oneonone interviews, an unstructured interview format was adopted, allowing respondents considerable control, as they recounted their histories, experiences, and opinions. Further data were collected from correspondence from teachers' colleges, and the former director of the National Sports Institute. The data were analysed by viewing through seven key concepts central in postmodern literature: knowledge, power, culture, postcolonialism, hegemony, globalism, and apathy. The analysis was constructed upon the historical background information, issues that arose during the research activities and the collection of the raw data and, additionally, upon the researcher's own evaluative feelings.
Outcomes
During the analysis of the literature, the narratives, the curriculum, and related documents, four recurrent issues emerged:
§ physical education's low status
§ problems in understanding the concept of physical education
§ apathy towards physical education
§ PNG knowledge versus global knowledge
The analysis of the data was therefore undertaken around these issues, as viewed through the key concept's lenses. It was found that there was a lack of usefulness in the existing physical education documents, and that there was a lack of availability of existing physical education documents. Key Education authorities were unfamiliar with physical education curriculum. Its history, both in colonial and postcolonial times, was weak. It continued to receive little attention by curriculum administrators, or schools. The National attitude of apathy towards physical education had been established by the colonial administrators and educators, and reproduced. CDD administration had little time for physical education. Consequently, there was little physical education taught in PNG schools, even though it was in the national curriculum. The only physical activity which had some place in schools was the commercial modified rules sport program, Pikinini Sport. Global activities dominated any thought of local input and activities.
8
Doecke, Philip John. "Discourse on primary school physical education curriculum in Papua New Guinea." Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16265/.
Full textAbstract:
The Problem Physical Education in Papua New Guinea (PNG) schools did not appear to be widespread nor progressing effectively. Its place in education appeared uncertain. Therefore the study's key question was, "What is the status of physical education in PNG, and the implications of this status?" The focus was narrowed to the history of the development of physical education curriculum, and considered decisions made by curriculum officers about what ought to be taught. Purposes The study's purposes, in answering the key question, were to: § evaluate the existing physical education curriculum § generate recommendations for physical education programs. The Research Postmodern ethnography was chosen to undertake the evaluation, through the analysis of historical records and personal narratives. As there was little available literature on physical education curriculum development in PNG, the narratives and opinions of a variety of policymakers, policydevelopers, policyimplementers, and clients of this curriculum development were recorded. The curriculum itself was analysed, as well as related articles and official documentation. The collective data were evaluated, to provide an overall view of physical education curriculum development. Methodology Following the search for literature in libraries, data were collected from Curriculum Development Division records. As many curriculum documents (such as syllabi and advisory memos) as possible were collected. Key personnel were identified and personally interviewed by the researcher. For a wider group (school principals) an interview guideline was used, while for the oneonone interviews, an unstructured interview format was adopted, allowing respondents considerable control, as they recounted their histories, experiences, and opinions. Further data were collected from correspondence from teachers' colleges, and the former director of the National Sports Institute. The data were analysed by viewing through seven key concepts central in postmodern literature: knowledge, power, culture, postcolonialism, hegemony, globalism, and apathy. The analysis was constructed upon the historical background information, issues that arose during the research activities and the collection of the raw data and, additionally, upon the researcher's own evaluative feelings. Outcomes During the analysis of the literature, the narratives, the curriculum, and related documents, four recurrent issues emerged: § physical education's low status § problems in understanding the concept of physical education § apathy towards physical education § PNG knowledge versus global knowledge The analysis of the data was therefore undertaken around these issues, as viewed through the key concept's lenses. It was found that there was a lack of usefulness in the existing physical education documents, and that there was a lack of availability of existing physical education documents. Key Education authorities were unfamiliar with physical education curriculum. Its history, both in colonial and postcolonial times, was weak. It continued to receive little attention by curriculum administrators, or schools. The National attitude of apathy towards physical education had been established by the colonial administrators and educators, and reproduced. CDD administration had little time for physical education. Consequently, there was little physical education taught in PNG schools, even though it was in the national curriculum. The only physical activity which had some place in schools was the commercial modified rules sport program, Pikinini Sport. Global activities dominated any thought of local input and activities.
9
Pauka, Soikava. "The use of traditional knowledge in understanding natural phenomena in the Gulf Province of Papua New Guinea." Thesis, Curtin University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2603.
Full textAbstract:
This study used qualitative (interviews) and quantitative methods (questionnaires) to investigate and describe (a) Papua New Guinea (PNG) village elders' traditional ideas and beliefs on natural phenomena, (b) PNG secondary school student's traditional science beliefs, (c) the sources of PNG secondary school students' explanations of natural phenomena, (d) the types of explanations PNG secondary school students provide to describe natural phenomena, and the views of science teachers and curriculum officers on the inclusion of traditional knowledge in the science curriculum.. Analysis of data included interviews with eight village elders and completed questionnaires from approximately 200 secondary school students in one rural provincial high school in the Gulf Province. Village elders' beliefs were analysed and categorised into (a) spirits, magic spells and sorcery, (b) Christianity, (c) personal experience, and (d) modern science. Secondary school students' sources of explanations were based on what they have heard at (a) home, (b) in the family and village, (c) in church and (d) from school. Approximately half of the secondary school students strongly hold on to traditional beliefs while learning formal school science and these were related to spirits, magic spells and sorcery that were similar to those of the village elders. Students also used scientific explanations of natural phenomena based on their learning in school and from their own personal experiences and interactions with the physical world.Interviews with science teachers and curriculum officers supported the need to include traditional knowledge in the science curricula. The study identified students holding both traditional and scientific explanations of natural phenomena. There is both a need and value for traditional knowledge being incorporated in science education programs that harmonise with school science. The thesis concludes with six recommendations to bring these ideas to fruition.
10
Pauka, Soikava. "The use of traditional knowledge in understanding natural phenomena in the Gulf Province of Papua New Guinea." Curtin University of Technology, Science and Mathematics Education Centre, 2001. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=13355.
Full textAbstract:
This study used qualitative (interviews) and quantitative methods (questionnaires) to investigate and describe (a) Papua New Guinea (PNG) village elders' traditional ideas and beliefs on natural phenomena, (b) PNG secondary school student's traditional science beliefs, (c) the sources of PNG secondary school students' explanations of natural phenomena, (d) the types of explanations PNG secondary school students provide to describe natural phenomena, and the views of science teachers and curriculum officers on the inclusion of traditional knowledge in the science curriculum.. Analysis of data included interviews with eight village elders and completed questionnaires from approximately 200 secondary school students in one rural provincial high school in the Gulf Province. Village elders' beliefs were analysed and categorised into (a) spirits, magic spells and sorcery, (b) Christianity, (c) personal experience, and (d) modern science. Secondary school students' sources of explanations were based on what they have heard at (a) home, (b) in the family and village, (c) in church and (d) from school. Approximately half of the secondary school students strongly hold on to traditional beliefs while learning formal school science and these were related to spirits, magic spells and sorcery that were similar to those of the village elders. Students also used scientific explanations of natural phenomena based on their learning in school and from their own personal experiences and interactions with the physical world.Interviews with science teachers and curriculum officers supported the need to include traditional knowledge in the science curricula. The study identified students holding both traditional and scientific explanations of natural phenomena. There is both a need and value for traditional knowledge being incorporated in science education programs that harmonise with school science. The thesis concludes with six recommendations to bring these ideas to fruition.
11
com, frcarr@bigpond, and Frank Carr. "Government Decision-Making and Environmental Degradation: A Study relating to Mining Activities in Papua New Guinea." Murdoch University, 2007. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20070918.155827.
Full textAbstract:
Papua New Guinea (PNG) is a country possessing abundant resources of gold, oil, copper, timber, and fish stocks. It is hampered in its development and management of these resources, however, by serious problems of governance and corruption. These problems are evident throughout the economy and also in the management of the environment. The level of environmental damage caused by the mining industry in PNG is now such that it will require extensive rehabilitation, if the areas affected can, indeed, ever be fully rehabilitated. The mining companies which precipitated this damage were licensed and encouraged by the PNG Government in the initiation and exercise of the mining operations. The resulting environmental impact has affected the lives of thousands of New Guineans to their detriment. The degradation caused remains
unredressed.
Compounding the problem, there is a growing reliance by Papua New Guinea on mineral exploitation for foreign direct investment, government revenues, and foreign exchange. Gold exports accounted for the biggest share of export revenues in 2002 representing 37.5% of the total. In light of this growing dependency on mining activities, there is a correspondingly urgent requirement to address the deficiencies in the administrative, monitoring, and policing aspects of the protection of its environment.
Despite the public evidence of the damage to the environment and the ensuing affect on the people of Papua New Guinea by mining activities; and despite universal condemnation of these activities and the companies responsible; the companies continue to conduct these activities without official hindrance and with little apparent concern for the long-term ramifications of their actions.
This thesis will examine the degradation resulting from the mining activities of companies in Papua New Guinea over the last three decades particularly those of Placer Domes Porgera gold mine, BHPs Ok Tedi gold and copper mine (the waste from both of which is dumped into the Ok Tedi and Strickland rivers which are tributaries of the Fly River and form part of the Fly River system) and Lihir Gold Limited's gold mine on Lihir Island. It will examine the extent to which the Government of Papua New Guinea may have wittingly (in the sense of a prescience as to the possible or probable likelihood of deleterious impact) or unwittingly contributed to that degradation as a result of its actions or omissions.
Studies of available literature suggest that there has been little attention paid to the subject of culpability on the part of successive PNG governments in matters of environmental damage. This research will contribute to reducing this gap in the literature by focusing on possible motives of the PNG government and its actors which precipitated those decisions and which resulted in environmental degradation. The discussion will examine the likely motivation of the PNG government in its deliberations and decisions and the extent to which corruption and incompetence may have played a role.
12
Hodes, Jeremy Martin, and hodes@tpg com au. "John Douglas 1828-1904: The Uncompromising Liberal." Central Queensland University. Humanities, 2006. http://library-resources.cqu.edu.au./thesis/adt-QCQU/public/adt-QCQU20070228.145456.
Full textAbstract:
Douglas was born in London in 1828 and migrated to New South Wales in 1851 where he represented both the Darling Downs and Camden districts in the New South Wales parliament before
embarking on a lengthy parliamentary career in Queensland, one that culminated in the premiership from 1877 to 1879. He was
subsequently appointed government resident for Thursday Island in 1885, a position he held until his death, nearly 20 years later, aged
76, in 1904. During this period he also served as special commissioner for the protectorate of British New Guinea, administering the territory prior to it being formally proclaimed a
crown colony.
Douglass involvement in Queensland public life was significant and encompassed the entire period from the colonys formation in 1859 to
the federation of the Australian colonies in 1901. In this respect, his career allows, through a study of his long, eventful and varied life, for
this thesis to examine aspects of the development and progression of Queenslands political system as a nascent yet robust, representative
democracy, through most of the second half of the nineteenth century until the colonys incorporation in the newly formed
Commonwealth of Australia.
This thesis argues that John Douglas was an uncompromising Liberal in an age of Liberalism, a principled politician in an era of pragmatic factionalism and shifting political allegiances. Perhapsbecause of this he was more popular with his electorate than with his parliamentary colleagues.
Douglass contribution to Queensland life was in large measure shaped by his character and the formative influences on it. This included his aristocratic upbringing, his public school and university education, his abiding religious faith, a profound sense of fair play, and a desire to participate fully and selflessly in the life of the community he lived in, despite the vicissitudes of his personal life.
As this thesis further demonstrates, an examination of Douglass life affords us an insight into an energetic, accomplished, erudite, and compassionate man. Yet while his intellectual curiosity, thirst for knowledge and wide-ranging interests marked him as a Renaissance man, he also had many failings, most noticeably that of extreme obstinacy. Therefore, this thesis will analyse Douglass convictions and beliefs while examining the strengths and flaws inherent in his
character. It is because Douglas lived a life characterised by complexity and contradiction, leavened by a mixture of accomplishment and failure, that his life, and the times he lived in,
are worthy of examination.
13
Mapsea, Allan Jim. "Teachers' views on providing for children with special needs in inclusive classrooms:a papua new guinea study." The University of Waikato, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2391.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of having inclusive education is to value children with special needs so they can participate equally in all educational activities alongside their peers without special needs. There should not be any discrimination, segregation or isolation of these children with special needs from being educated rather they must be given an equal opportunity to participate alongside children without special needs. This study seeks to investigate primary school teachers' views and experiences in implementing the Inclusive Education Policy in regular schools. The study was conducted in five districts of the Enga Province of Papua New Guinea. Six primary schools were selected and involved 77 teachers who responded to questionnaire items, while 12 teachers within the group were chosen to be involved in interviews. Data for the study were gathered and analysed from the questionnaires, and the interview transcripts. The findings from the study revealed that most teachers supported the notion of Inclusive Education Policy and would like to implement it. However, they indicated that there needed to be a change in attitudes of teachers, peers, boards of management, and parents/caregivers to provide assistance for children with special needs. Most teachers felt that there needs to be more awareness of the principle and the importance of inclusion. Teachers' limited knowledge of teaching children with special needs was also highlighted. In this study teachers admitted they needed more training in the field of educating children with special education in order to accommodate and teach children with special needs. This shows that teachers' colleges and universities need to have trained lecturers to develop more courses in special education. Teachers expressed concern that school inspectors do not know enough about the inclusive education concept and need to be trained as well so collaboratively they could implement the policy. Government support is needed to effectively implement the inclusive education policy. This includes training of specialists to support teachers, funds for teaching and learning resources and facilities in schools. The cultural implications and geographical issues have also had some impact on the implementation of the Inclusive Education Policy, while the issue of children with HIV and AIDS was raised that teachers needed to be prepared in order to accommodate and teach those infected children. All these issues highlighted are very important and it is hoped that the outcome of the findings will provide the Department of Education with new strategies to improve and strengthen their commitment to implement Inclusive Education Policy.
14
Ballard, Chris. "The death of a great land ritual, history and subsistence revolution in the southern highlands of Papua New Guinea /." Online version, 1995. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/23726.
Full text
15
Tiu, Sangion Appiee. "The Role of Indigenous Knowledge in Biodiversity Conservation: Implications for Conservation Education in Papua New Guinea." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2308.
Full textAbstract:
The research reported in this thesis focussed on exploring existing indigenous environmental knowledge of two indigenous communities in Papua New Guinea and how this knowledge was acquired, interpreted and disseminated to the next generation. The relevance of indigenous environmental knowledge in the promotion of biodiversity conservation efforts was investigated. This research was conducted within an interpretive paradigm. A naturalistic/ethnographic methodology was used. Data was collected through semi structured interviews and observations. Participants in this case study were representatives of the community and included elders, adults, teachers and students. The findings in this study revealed indigenous environmental knowledge as useful for biodiversity conservation and promotes sustainable practices. It showed that indigenous family knowledge is essential for claiming land inheritance and indigenous environmental practices are consistent with sustainable practices and land use. Forest knowledge is found to be useful in identifying and locating resources and that sustainable practices ensured continuity of these resources. The study also identified spiritual knowledge and beliefs as fundamental for developing indigenous worldviews and environmental attitudes and values and that change in resource use may be both beneficial and harmful to biodiversity. The findings also revealed indigenous education as flexible, holistic and informal in nature and uses mostly oral history through verbal instruction and various non-verbal means. They showed that IE uses a variety of teaching and learning approaches that utilise the environment as a tool and that learning venues provide a realistic learning experience. The thesis concludes that IEK promotes biodiversity conservation in many ways and that indigenous education uses situated context to promote realistic learning. Indigenous environmental knowledge and education could therefore be used in biodiversity conservation education.
16
Steley, Dennis. "Unfinished: The Seventh-day Adventist mission in the South Pacific, excluding Papua New Guinea, 1886-1986. (Volumes I and II)." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1990. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/9100749.
Full textAbstract:
The Seventh-day Adventist Church, incorporated in the United States in 1863, was driven by the belief that it was God's 'remnant church' with the work of warning the world of the imminent return of Christ. When that mission was finished the second coming would occur. In 1886 following a visit by an elderly layman, John I Tay, the whole population of Pitcairn Island desired to join the SDA church. As a result in 1890 Adventist mission work began in the South Pacific Islands. By 1895 missions had been founded in six island groups. However difficulties, both within and without the mission's control, ensured that membership gains were painfully slow in the first decades of Adventist mission in Polynesia. However before World War II the Solomons became one of the most successful Adventist mission areas in the world. After 1945 Adventism also prospered in such places as Fiji, Samoa and Tonga. Education provided the key to the gaining of accessions in a number of countries, while in others a health-medical emphasis proved important in attracting converts. Since World War II public evangelism and the use of various programmes such as welfare, radio evangelism, and the efforts of lay members contributed to sharp membership gains in most countries of the region. Of no small consequence in hindering Adventist growth was the opposition of other churches who regarded them as pariahs because of their theology and 'proselytizing'. Adventist communities tended to be introverted, esoteric and isolationist. Nevertheless Pacific islanders adapted aspects of the usually uncompromising Adventist culture. Unity of faith, practice and procedure was a valuable Adventist asset which was promoted by a centralized administration. After a century in the Pacific region its membership there has a reputation among other Adventists for its continued numeric growth and for the ferver its committment to Adventism. Nevertheless Adventism in the region faces a number of problems and its aim of finishing the Lord's work remains unfinished.Subscription resource available via Digital Dissertations
17
Wallis, Joanne Elizabeth. "Laying strong foundations : does the level of public participation involved in constitution-making play a role in state-building? Case studies of Timor-Leste and Bougainville." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610442.
Full text
18
Jordan, Charlotte Ann. "Identifying, characterising and modifying the natural history and progression of keratoconus in New Zealand/ Aotearoa." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/19647.
Full textAbstract:
Keratoconus, the focus of this thesis, is a progressive ectasia (thinning/bowing) of the cornea thought to be more prevalent in New Zealand with a predilection for Maori and Pacific populations. Keratoconus occurs due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Typically, diagnosis of keratoconus is made on the basis of clinical and corneal topographic/tomographic signs. A large population of advanced keratoconics was analysed for tomographic and phenotypic variations between subjects with differing aetiological risk factors. This study specifically identified phenotypic differences occurring between subjects with, and without, a family history. The results confirmed over-representation of Maori and Pacific ethnicities in the New Zealand keratoconic population and identified largely asymmetric corneal disease by tomographic classification. The Ocular Response Analyser (ORA) was employed to investigate the intrinsic biomechanical properties of the normal and keratoconic cornea. Significant correlations were observed between posterior corneal elevation and corneal resistance factor in the keratoconic cohort. However, no single ORA value was identified as a discriminator of keratoconus, nonetheless, combining these factors may increase their diagnostic sensitivity. Corneal collagen cross-linking aims to halt, or slow, the progression of keratoconus. This novel therapy involves utilising ultra violet light (UVA) and the photosensitiser riboflavin to stimulate formation of covalent bonds between corneal collagen fibrils. This improves the mechanical rigidity of the cornea and increases resistance to the ectatic process. In a large randomised contolled trial (RCT) of collagen cross-linking for keratoconus in New Zealand, corneal keratometry reduced (improved) in the majority of treated eyes, while visual acuity and refraction remained stable. In contrast, control, untreated, contralateral eyes showed continued progression in both keratometric and refractive indices. A unique quantitative study by in vivo confocal microscopy revealed significant reduction in the sub-basal nerve plexus and anterior keratocyte density following cross-linking in keratoconus. These effects persisted over 12 months post-operatively. Dense hyperreflective bands developed in the corneal mid-stroma following treatment that reduced in intensity over 24 months post cross-linking. These inter-related studies provide new data on keratoconus in New Zealand, on the application of diagnostic techniques, and the safety and effectiveness of collagen crosslinking for keratoconus in a large RCT.
19
McShane, Francis Bernard. "Mining tradition or breaking new ground? : minerals exploration and stakeholder realtionships in Fiji." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84531.
Full textAbstract:
Mining and mineral exploration have been a source of considerable tension in the developing world and specifically where they take place on indigenous lands. This thesis investigates the nature of the relationships between different stakeholders to a mineral exploration project in Fiji. It is an examination of the obstacles to community participation, a key component of even-handed development, in the planning and policy-making process. It is argued that the Namosi exploration project has been the locus for emergent social disruption. It is also argued, that the causes of this conflict are anchored in a flawed process of policy-making between the state and exploration companies and the contest for authority between key actors, which has led to the disempowerment of some villagers from both within and outside the community. Equally, the political ideology of the state and the contentious history of mining in Fiji, have played a part in the tendency towards social conflict in association with minerals exploration.The starting point for analysis has been a comparison with the social conflict literature as it applies to Papua New Guinea. The purpose has been first, to confirm the relevance of that work to situations encountered in Fiji, and second, to provide a broader critique of the literature than previously available; one that further develops understanding of social conflict related to natural resource development. Given the circumstances of state and village politics in Melanesia, the question is asked, whether the normative 'fully realised communities' anticipated by Selznick in his communitarian idyll can be achieved. The thesis concludes that the nature of community involvement in development planning for mineral exploitation, creates a very different type of participation than that outlined in the literature of mining corporations and states. Although some actors have recourse to other means of empowering themselves, this is not a prelude to development for the wider community.
20
Brown, Parker Brandt. "Finding new representations in science and natural history film through a deconstruction of televised weather forcasting." Thesis, Montana State University, 2008. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/brown/BrownP1208.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Broadcast television networks limit their representation of the weather by embedding weather forecasting with ideologies of science, capitalism, and patriarchy, thereby creating a dispassionate monolithic regime as the totalizing representation of weather in popular media. This is not to say that TV weather forecasting is not useful, but that it is a narrowly focused scientific representation of nature, and as such denies experiences of the weather beyond utilitarian prediction. Non-fiction film employs a set of representational tools that, when applied to the weather, can deconstruct the mainstream representation of the weather and create alternative representations that reconnect viewers with their personal experiences of the weather. Non-fiction film allows filmmakers the freedom to directly author messages and choose systems of signs that deconstruct the mainstream broadcast of the weather. It can restore an assumption of afilmic representation and allow viewers the ability to interpret the weather in their own contexts. These ideas led to the production of my own film, Weatherscape, which simultaneously re-contextualizes the weather to encourage the viewer to create his or her own weather experience and critiques the TV weather representation. Deconstruction through non-fiction film proves to be a robust tool for creating representations that rethink our portrayal of nature.
21
Roberts, Jeremy Russell. "Disturbance in the garden toward a new portrayal of wildfire in science and natural history films /." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/roberts/RobertsJ0509.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Science has proven that wildfire has a positive rejuvenating effect on many ecosystems, creating new habitat and bolstering global biodiversity. Despite growing scientific understanding of wildfire over the past 100 years, science and natural history films repeatedly position wildfire merely to achieve dramatic effect. These films typically ignore the available science and in many cases contradict scientific truth outright for the sake of the dramatic narrative. Formulaic conventions developed by Walt Disney and various societal convictions are responsible for the perpetuation of old narrative devices that condemn fire. Science and natural history films reach tens of millions of people each year and shape public opinion of forest fires. These films have perpetuated the myth of Eden, the damning of wildfire, and the valorization of total fire suppression, all of which have had social, political, and economic ramifications. To help align public perception of fire with the current scientific understanding of fire, producers of science and natural history films must redirect their narrative devices that traditionally demonize fire to create a new Eden, one borne of fire. Disturbance represents a new model for the portrayal of wildfire in science and natural history films by employing drama to advance an appreciation of burned forests while avoiding narrative pitfalls that traditionally condemn fire. By combining observational and expository filmmaking modes, Disturbance also offers a new model for conservation-based science and natural history films, a model that incorporates society into nature and conservation into society.
22
Murchison, John Tallach. "New insights into the natural history of thrombo-embolic disease provided by imaging and disease quantification." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8185.
Full textAbstract:
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common disease with a myriad of presentation. It is often difficult to diagnosis with symptoms which are shared with many other disorders. Because of the overlap in symptomatology with other pathologies it is both commonly overlooked when present and commonly considered when absent. The threshold for investigating suspected VTE has dropped over time, in part due to a greater awareness of the disease among clinicians, but also because of the greater availability of diagnostic tests which are both accurate at positively diagnosing VTE and are patient friendly. This has resulted in a mushrooming of the number of diagnostic tests being performed for suspected VTE in radiology departments. As such radiology provides a window into the disease in a way that no other speciality can. All branches of medicine having their share of VTE patients but radiology provides a unique opportunity to study VTE patients as, no matter from which speciality they arise when the disease is suspected, they will almost inevitably end up undergoing a definitive radiological test. There is much still to learn about VTE however developments in modern imaging and computerised databases have advanced our understanding of this common disease. The window that radiology provides into VTE has contributed towards those advances.
23
Dewar, Jacqueline Joy. "Fire History of Montane Grasslands and Ecotones of the Valles Caldera, New Mexico, USA." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/216950.
Full textAbstract:
We reconstructed historical fire regimes of montane forest-grassland ecotones in the ~40,000 ha Valles Caldera National Preserve, New Mexico. We used a targeted approach to sample ancient fire-scarred trees along the ecotone, and compared variations in historical fire occurrence within and among valles in the grassland-forest. The resulting tree-ring record extends from 1240-2008 C.E., comprised of 2,443 fire scars from 330 trees representing 238 fire years during the period of analysis, 1601-1902 C.E. Our results confirm pre-1900 historical occurrence of high-frequency, low-severity surface fires over multiple centuries in the ecotone. Mean fire intervals for all fires were 5.5-22.5 years (~6-123 ha) at individual sites, 2.7-10 years (~67-4955 ha) in individual valles, and 1.6 years (~10 386 ha) across the landscape. Synchronous fires burned extensively and occurred at ~10 year intervals during years with significantly low PDSI. Results will be useful in planning forest/grassland restoration actions and reinstituting fire regimes.
24
Flaherty, Teresa Anne. "The history of Sisters of Mercy in Papua New Guinea (1956-2006): within the tradition of women called to Gospel discipleship and Christian mission." Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2013. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/1359b4a98eae1829697603e07aeac35df5f25aa98b31d6e769a4d4412b077af4/48163259/FLAHERTY2013.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Scriptural and theological perspectives reveal that women were called to discipleship and mission in the gospels and in the early church as portrayed in the New Testament. While emphasising the essential relationship between the ‘constants’ of church teaching and the immediate historical and cultural settings in their overview of the church in its call to universal mission, Bevans & Schroeder, in Constants in Context, identified the ‘liberating and transformative model’ as one of crucial significance. This early model was eventually re-emphasised through the renewed theology of Vatican II. Despite their authentic roles being subject to misrepresentation or obliteration in canonical and historical writings, women have continued as disciples and agents of mission. The second phase of the thesis outlines the historical antecedents leading to the post-World War II missionary engagement of the Australian Sisters of Mercy in the late colonial stage in what was then the Territory of New Guinea under Australian administration. This soon became the independent nation of Papua New Guinea (1975). A selective portrayal of women as agents of mission shows new ministerial models of women religious originating in post-revolutionary France. The spread of this movement in the nineteenth century is noted in relation to a) the founding traditions of the Sisters of Mercy in Ireland and their expansion and consolidation in Australia and b) the founding of missionary institutes, in particular, the Divine Word missionaries, whose early field of evangelisation was New Guinea. Twentieth century papal initiatives called for religious men and women, whose institutes were not primarily devoted to foreign missions, to be co-workers in mission, particularly in the Pacific. This appeal found a willing response among the Australian Sisters of Mercy who had recently, in response to church directives, reorganised their various congregations into Union and Federation canonical structures. The history of the Sisters of Mercy in Papua New Guinea (1956-2006) proceeds within the foundational context of the first two stages. The Sisters of Mercy, initially working in dioceses administered by the Divine Word Missionaries, eventually extended to other dioceses in the new nation. Research data are used from relevant archives, recorded in-depth interviews with Australian and Papua New Guinean Mercy Sisters and key consultants, as well as my own personal experience as a Sister of Mercy in Papua New Guinea (1964-2003). To reflect the changing contexts of mission, the findings are presented in three time-frames, 1956-69, 1970-81 and 1982-2006. This exploration shows that, following their founding traditions in a liberating and transformative paradigm as modelled in the New Testament and re-defined in Vatican II, the expatriate and indigenous sisters were challenged to new forms of initiative, adaptability, flexibility, mobility and collaboration as they branched out into emerging ministries. As they reached out in mission they were reciprocally enriched within changing social and multi-cultural contexts. As disciples of Jesus, they experienced the cycle of joys and sorrows in their own lives and in the lives of those with whom they stood in solidarity. In conclusion, the founding traditions expressed within a particular liberating and transformative model sustained the Sisters of Mercy as agents in mission in changing Melanesian (and global) contexts. These traditions are revisited in the light of contemporary theology, both of mission and of religious life.
25
Harple, Todd S., and tharple@hotmail com. "Controlling the Dragon: An ethno-historical analysis of social engagement among the Kamoro of South-West New Guinea (Indonesian Papua/Irian Jaya)." The Australian National University. Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, 2002. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20030401.173221.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines how the Kamoro (also known as the Mimika) people of the south-west coast of Papua (former Irian Jaya), Indonesia have adapted to major political and economic changes over a long history of interactions with outsiders. More specifically, it is an ethnohistorical analysis of Kamoro strategies of engagement dating back to the seventeenth century, but focusing on the twentieth century. Taking ethnohistory to most generally refer to the investigation of the social and cultural distinctiveness of historical consciousness, this thesis examines how perceptions and activities of the past shape interpretations of the present. Though this thesis privileges Kamoro perspectives, it juxtaposes them against broader ethnohistorical analyses of the outsiders with whom they have interacted. For the Kamoro, amoko-kwere, narratives about the ancestral (and eternal) cultural heroes, underlie indigenous modes of historical consciousness which are ultimately grounded in forms of social reciprocity. One key characteristic of the amoko-kwere is the incorporation of foreign elements and their reformulation as products of indigenous agency. As a result of this reinterpretation expectations are raised concerning the exchange of foreign material wealth and abilities, both classified in the Kamoro language as kata. Foreign withholding of kata emerges as a dominant theme in amoko-kwere and is interpreted as theft, ultimately establishing relationships of negative reciprocity between the Kamoro and the powerful outsiders. These feelings are mirrored in contemporary Kamoro conceptions of their relationships with the Indonesian State and the massive PT Freeport Indonesia Mining Company who use a significant amount of Kamoro land for deposition of mining waste (tailings) and for the development of State and company infrastructure.
26
Stevenson, Valerie Lynne. "The natural history of primary progressive multiple sclerosis : serial clinical and MRI evaluation and application of new spinal imaging techniques." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417816.
Full text
27
Yates, Matthew Kyle. "The Conscience of a Movement: American Conservatism, the Vietnam War, and the Politics of Natural Law." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1313108426.
Full text
28
De, Hontheim Astrid. "Chasseurs de diables et collecteurs d'art: tentatives de conversion des Asmat par les missionnaires pionniers protestants et catholiques." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210720.
Full textAbstract:
Cet ouvrage se penche sur le concept de conversion et évalue sa pertinence à la lumière de l'ethnographie d'une population de Papouasie occidentale, les Asmat. Son originalité tient au caractère récent de l'évangélisation (depuis 1953), à la transformation de pratiques culturelles asmat complexes telles que la chasse aux têtes, et à la présence simultanée de missionnaires catholiques et protestants (essentiellement croisiers et évangéliques). Réalisée en des circonstances politiques tendues, l'ouvrage compare ces derniers d'un point de vue anthropologique et ecclésiologique et leur influence réciproque sur les populations. Au-delà du champ strictement religieux, l'évangélisation se décline dans de nombreux domaines de la vie :architecture, dation du nom, organisation du temps, alimentation, sorcellerie, relations familiales, ancestralité, rapports entre l'homme et la nature, parures corporelles, sexualité, funérailles, etc. Complétant cette étude, il est proposé une anthropologie du missionnaire pionnier grâce à l'immersion du chercheur dans les communautés et les familles missionnaires. Enfin, les notions de "chrétien" et de "converti" sont au cœur d'une polémique divisant ceux qui se revendiquent de la foi chrétienne. Entre constructions théoriques connexes autour de la conversion apparaît un vide théorique qu'un nouveau concept s'apprête à combler :l'enchristianisation.Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
29
Phillip, Angie. "The development of writing competence in Grade Nine Papua New Guinea high school students : an investigation of the relationship between personal history narrative, imagined story narrative and persuasive writing." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22554.
Full textAbstract:
The development of writing competence in Papua New Guinea Grade Nine high school students was described in order to investigate the transition from narrative to argumentative or persuasive writing. The study used a pretest/posttest method and scripts were scored holistically and described according to objective measures (t-unit measures, fluency scored by number of words per timed essay, and accuracy described by measures of error per 100 words). Narrative writing was hypothesised to fall into three categories since it seemed that different cognitive processes were required for their production, and practice in two of these formed the treatment. A control group was given practice in personal history narrative, while an experimental group was given practice in imagined story narrative. The first objective was to investigate the relationship between the three types of writing, and the hypothesised hierarchy of difficulty, where persuasive writing was more difficult than imagined story narrative, which was, in turn, more difficult than personal history narrative, was confirmed. The second objectives was to chart the development of writing competence over three quarters of an academic year. The writing of almost all the students improved to some extent and the improvemerit was marked by a large increase in fluency in all three writing types. Patterns of error, however, varied between the types of writing. As competence increased in both types of narrative writing, overall error decreased, while improvement in persuasive writing appeared to be associated with a slight increase in error. In all three types of writing the proportion of spelling errors increased as competence developed, while the proportion of errors to do with coherence and cohesion fell. The third objective was to investigate the effect on the development of writing competence of practice in imagined story narrative, as opposed to the effect of practice in personal history narrative. Writing types had been mixed to some extent, both during the treatment and during the tests, so the experiment actually compared practice in more of a particular kind of narrative than exclusive practice in that type.
30
Judge, Sean Michael. "The Turn of the Tide, July 1942-February 1943: Shifting Strategic Initiative in the Pacific in World War II." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1310056182.
Full text
31
Allen, Davis. "Conservation Competition: Perspectives on Agricultural Drainage During the New Deal Era." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1465488868.
Full text
32
Horowitz, Leah Sophie. "Stranger in one's own home : a micropolitical ecological analysis of the engagements of Kanak villagers with a multinational mining project in New Caledonia /." View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses Program, 2003. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20031015.150235/index.html.
Full text
33
Udriot, Johansson Selma. "Pressured Negotiations : An investigation of the Whole through its individual Parts." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-122708.
Full textAbstract:
This diploma project intends to investigate the Whole through its individual Parts by two polar logics, plan and mass. Through the museum typology, the idea of singular rooms generate a compound of opposite sensibilities, circulation and program that will offer new exhibition halls for the Botanical Department of the National Museum of Natural History in Stockholm. Museum as typology has throughout history dealt with the architectural issues such as spatial sequence, hierarchy and organizing space. Thereby have dealt the question of a Part-to-Whole relationship. The immediate relation between the individual rooms has been the starting point in my thesis. Rather than beginning with an envelope as a bounding box for a plan, the plan and the individual rooms sets the conditions for the envelope. In my project the spatial logic derives from a process based upon two polar opposites. On the one hand line-work and patterns, and on the other volumetric mass studies. The orthogonal structures in contrast to the swollen and spherical shapes. The relationship of the contrasting formal logics generates opposite meetings and sensibilities such as pressed/ pressured, heavy/light, imprinted/ implanted structures. The awkward relationship does not consider any smooth transitions, but instead a pressed and nesting sensation of which also the programmatic organization and circulation is closely tied to.Examensarbetet ämnar att undersöka Helheten genom dess individuella Enheter genom två motsatta designförhållanden, plan och massa, 2-dimensionalitet kontra 3-dimensionalitet. Genom museumtypologin genererar sammansättningen av singulära rum en enhetlig struktur av motsatta sensibiliteter, rörelsemönster och program som erbjuder nya utställningsrum åt den Botaniska Enheten för Naturhistoriska Museet i Stockholm. Museum som typologi har genom tiderna handskats med arkitektoniska frågor så som spatiala rörelsemönster, hierarki och organisation. Därigeom även det så kallade Del-till-Helhets-problematiken. Den direkta relationen mellan individuella rum har varit utgångspunkten i mitt arbete. Istället för att tillsätta en ram för helheten genom dess yttre fasad, har jag varit intresserad av att låta planen och de inre rummen avgöra hur det exteriöra ter sig. Därav har planen varit en viktig utgånspunkt i processen. I mitt projekt utgår den spatiala logiken från en process som är baserad på två motsatta designstudier. Det 2 dimensionella, planmönstret kontra det 3dimensionella volymstudierna. Det ortogonala i kontrast till det svullna och sfäriska kropparna. Relationen mellan de kontrasterande logikerna genererar motsatta möten, relationer och sensibiliteter så som tryckt/tryckande, tungt/lätt, intryck/implanterat etc. Det påtvingade och obekväma mötet mellan de olika kropparna erbjuder inte några mjuka övergångar, utan snarare en påtryckt och intensiv relation, som även den programatiska organisationen och rörelssemönstret är anknutet till.
34
Shears, Andrew B. "Hurricane Katrina and New Orleans: Discursive Spaces of Safety and Resulting Environmental Injustice." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1311009183.
Full text
35
Bowring, Jacky. "Institutionalising the picturesque: the discourse of the New Zealand Institute of Landscape Architects." Lincoln University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/667.
Full textAbstract:
Despite its origins in England two hundred years ago, the picturesque continues to influence landscape architectural practice in late twentieth-century New Zealand. The evidence for this is derived from a close reading of the published discourse of the New Zealand Institute of Landscape Architects, particularly the now defunct professional journal, The Landscape. Through conceptualising the picturesque as a language, a model is developed which provides a framework for recording the survey results. The way in which the picturesque persists as naturalised conventions in the discourse is expressed as four landscape myths. Through extending the metaphor of language, pidgins and creoles provide an analogy for the introduction and development of the picturesque in New Zealand. Some implications for theory, practice and education follow.
36
Albright, Gavan McBride. "A reinterpretation of the small Captorhinid Reptile Captorhinikos Parvus Olson as a new genus, reanalysis of its cranial anatomy, and a phylogenetic analysis of the basal reptilian family Captorhinidae." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2178.
Full textAbstract:
The cranial anatomy of the basal captorhinid reptile Captorhinikos parvus (Reptilia, Captorhinidae), is reinterpreted here based on analysis of a group of new specimens recovered subsequent to its original diagnosis as well as further analysis of the original specimens utilized in E.C. Olson's original characterization of the species. Structural features inconsistent with the generic description suggest the redefinition of C. parvus as a new genus, Rhodotheratus parvus. Analyses of basal members and selected derived members support the characterization of Rhodotheratus as a distinct taxon.
37
Greenlees, Donald. "The Origins of Nonalignment: Great Power Competition and Indonesian Foreign Policy 1945-1965." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/147895.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis analyses Indonesia’s foreign policy, specifically
its alignment behavior, in the 20 years after it declared
independence in 1945. It investigates the origins of
Indonesia’s enduring bebas-aktif (independent and active)
foreign policy and its manifestation in an official policy of
neutrality and then nonalignment during the Cold War. It then
follows the evolution of alignment policy via Indonesia’s
interactions with the great powers of the era – the USA, the
Soviet Union and the People’s Republic of China. The case study
period provides a detailed account of a series of episodes that
engaged the Cold War’s great powers, including the Asia- Africa
conference, US-sponsored regional rebellions in Indonesia, the
campaign to wrest control of West New Guinea, and the attempt to
“crush” the formation of Malaysia under a policy of
Konfrontasi.
In trying to account for patterns in Indonesian alignment, the
thesis challenges conventional approaches to alignment that
explain changing behavior as purely a response to either the
capability or intentions of other powers. Instead of seeing
alignment as the result of a balance of power or a balance of
threat, the thesis finds that Indonesia’s alignment policy
during the period is better understood as a balance of risk
between competing domestic and international demands and
objectives. Policymakers are viewed as placing especially high
priority on maintaining policy autonomy, which they compromise
only when the objective that alignment serves is regarded as
critical to the state.
The analysis highlights a deep vein of Realpolitik and pragmatism
in Indonesia’s alignment behavior, which prompted it to abandon
neutrality when the international and domestic objectives of
policymakers outweighed their commitment to the bebas-aktif
policy. But the thesis found Indonesia’s most common approach
to alignment was the use of a range of ‘smart’ strategies
designed to maximise the benefits and minimise the risks of
alignment. The principal risks could be placed in two categories:
first, the risk of losing policy autonomy and, second, the risk
of alignment choice provoking a domestic or international
backlash. The thesis also reviewed methods of analysing decisions
under conditions of risk. Comparing a rational actor model with a
psychological model of choice, it found policymakers were prone
to depart from the precepts of rational choice under conditions
of crisis and uncertainty when the risk of critical loss to the
state was is high.
38
Lewis, Elizabeth Faith. "Peter Guthrie Tait : new insights into aspects of his life and work : and associated topics in the history of mathematics." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6330.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis I present new insights into aspects of Peter Guthrie Tait's life and work, derived principally from largely-unexplored primary source material: Tait's scrapbook, the Tait–Maxwell school-book and Tait's pocket notebook. By way of associated historical insights, I also come to discuss the innovative and far-reaching mathematics of the elusive Frenchman, C.-V. Mourey. P. G. Tait (1831–1901) F.R.S.E., Professor of Mathematics at the Queen's College, Belfast (1854–1860) and of Natural Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh (1860–1901), was one of the leading physicists and mathematicians in Europe in the nineteenth century. His expertise encompassed the breadth of physical science and mathematics. However, since the nineteenth century he has been unfortunately overlooked—overshadowed, perhaps, by the brilliance of his personal friends, James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879), Sir William Rowan Hamilton (1805–1865) and William Thomson (1824–1907), later Lord Kelvin. Here I present the results of extensive research into the Tait family history. I explore the spiritual aspect of Tait's life in connection with The Unseen Universe (1875) which Tait co-authored with Balfour Stewart (1828–1887). I also reveal Tait's surprising involvement in statistics and give an account of his introduction to complex numbers, as a schoolboy at the Edinburgh Academy. A highlight of the thesis is a re-evaluation of C.-V. Mourey's 1828 work, La Vraie Théorie des quantités négatives et des quantités prétendues imaginaires, which I consider from the perspective of algebraic reform. The thesis also contains: (i) a transcription of an unpublished paper by Hamilton on the fundamental theorem of algebra which was inspired by Mourey and (ii) new biographical information on Mourey.
39
Marcinkowski, Michal. "Contextualization of Autonomous Spaceflight Operations for deep space planetary encounters." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medie- och Informationsteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-146273.
Full textAbstract:
This work concerns the research and application of data visualization techniques to depict ongoing activities in mankinds investigation of space as part of a larger open-source visualization- and science-outreach software known as OpenSpace. It involves the construction of a physically accurate virtual environment of our local star group and solar system so as to facilitate development of a robust and generalized solution capable of articulating mission-science to its viewers. The research part is focused on deploying data visualization methods suitable for contextualizing scientific findings towards the general public in a pedagogical manner, with the end goal to provide a fully operational New Horizons visualization on the day of encounter with Pluto for the first public broadcast of OpenSpace across the globe.
40
Glen, David. "The last elusive object." Master's thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/148668.
Full text
41
Haberle, Simon. "Late quaternary environmental history of the Tari Basin, Papua New Guinea." Phd thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/140965.
Full text
42
Holzknecht, Susanne Carol. "The Markham languages of Papua New Guinea : a history of the Austronesian languages of the Markham and Ramu Valleys, Papua New Guinea." Phd thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/133945.
Full textAbstract:
The main aims of this work are to establish the status of the Austronesian
languages of the Markham Valley and its hinterland and of the upper Ramu
Valley in Papua New Guinea, in relation to other languages of the Oceanic
group, and to de11neate their sub-groupings. Descriptions of the phonolog1es
and morphosyntactic systems are provided as the basis for the comparative
analysis. A reconstruction of the history of these languages is attempted,
using the available linguistic, historical, social and geographical
information.
The comparat1ve method is used to investigate the reJationships between
these languages. The material for the study consists of phonological,
rnorphosyntactic and lexico-semantic data collected by the writer 1n the
f1eld. Sociolinguistic, cultural and oral historical information was also
co 1 lected and used as supplementary evidence.
Chapter 1 introduces the topics for investigation and outlines the
conventions used in the thesis. In Chapter 2 are presented some theoretical
considerations, a review of previous work on Markham languages, and an
outllne of the methodology used fn data collection and analysis.
Chapter 3 presents the Markham language communit1es in their geographical
and social context. The social background of the societies is given in some
detail because the languages and their history cannot be considered apart
from this social context.
The main 1inguistic data upon which this work is based is presented in
Chapter 4 Phonology, and Chapter 5 Morphosyntax. In Chapter 4 are brief phonological sketches of each of the Markham languages. After a discussion
of previous reconstructions of Proto Oceanic and Proto Huon Gulf, a
reconstruction of the phonology of Proto Markham is outlined, and
supporting evidence for the reconstructions is given. Chapter 5 consists of
analyses, comparisons and reconstructions of aspects of the Markham
languages' morphosyntax. In Chapter 6 the comparisons and contrasts
presented in the previous two chapters are drawn together, and the evidence
for the internal unity and genetic relat1onsh1p of the Markham languages is
given in detail. Hypotheses about the sub-grouping of the languages are
outlined, and evidence supporting these hypotheses is presented.
Chapter 7 concludes the study with a summary of the findings. The evidence
supports the proposition that the Markham languages form an internally
consistent, genetically related unit which is descended from Proto Oceanic,
through Proto Huon Gulf. It consists of three groups - Upper Markham, Watut
and Lower Markham, of which the Upper Markham and Lower Markham groups
are further divided into several sub-groupings. The history of the Markham
1anguages is out1ined, and evidence supporting this scenario is provided
from linguistics, from oral histories, cultural data and geographical
sources.
43
Fyfe, Andrew. "Gender, mobility and population history : exploring material culture distributions in the Upper Sepik and Central New Guinea." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/53352.
Full textAbstract:
New Guinea is the most linguistically diverse region in the world. There are over 1000 languages found there, reflecting a complex history of migration and interaction. The Upper Sepik is one of New Guinea’s most linguistically heterogeneous areas but because the area has not been marked by the significant population movement and intense and far-reaching exchange systems apparent for some parts of New Guinea, this diversity may be more indicative of processes that maintain rather than lead to linguistic diversity. Accordingly, the region may offer great potential for those investigating population histories. With this potential in mind ethnographers went into the Upper Sepik during the 1960s and 1970s with the intention of making representative material culture collections for the language groups found there. These collections combine to be, arguably, one of the most fine-grained material culture datasets that exist for New Guinea. This thesis describes the manner in which these collections were documented and used to create a dataset to test for relationships between material culture and language. It begins with an overview of the study area including descriptions of the geography, environments, subsistence systems, settlement structures and social patterns, including an appraisal of marriage exchange, ritual, trade and warfare and how these may have facilitated or inhibited the spread of culture. This appraisal leads to an assertion that the sociality and mobility of men and women are affected differentially by such mechanisms, and that material culture belonging to men and women may differentially reflect population histories and the social processes that underpin the evolution of linguistic diversity. The thesis then describes a round of analytical procedures used to test for relationships between language and attributes belonging to string bags and arrows which are respectively and exclusively produced by women and men. Associations between languages, measured in terms of their material culture similarity, are then compared to those determined according to their linguistic family relationship and their relative positions in geographical space. The analysis also tests whether differences in the way that women and men socialise and move through space influence the way in which material culture patterns through space. The thesis concludes that attributes of classes of material culture are distributed differently for objects made by men compared to those made by women, that distance seems to be a stronger factor than language, and that environmental factors are also relevant. This study foreshadows ongoing research involving the dataset.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Social Sciences, 2009
44
Tateyama, Hirokuni. "Tubuan : history, tradition, and identity among the Tolai of Papua New Guinea." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/18583.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation examines identity formation and transformation among the Tolai of Papua New Guinea through a historically grounded ethnographic analysis of the tubuan, a masked ritual figure which they generally regard as a prime symbol of their "traditional" culture. Much has been written about contemporary constructions of tradition in the Pacific. It has been suggested that people constitute identities by articulating notions of tradition in opposition to what is considered "Western" or "modern"---particularly church, state, and business. Tolai do distinguish their "traditional" culture from what they refer to as lotu (church), matanitu (government), and bisnis (business), but their constructions of tradition are often situated within these three separate yet closely intertwined institutions, which were originally introduced from outside but which they have made their own. This is most clearly evidenced by the deployment of the tubuan in "modern" settings, such as church celebrations, state functions, and tourism events. In the dissertation, I explore historical dimensions of the contemporary use of the tubuan in the institutional contexts of lotu, matanitu, and bisnis by paying particular attention to specific political circumstances in which Tolai negotiated problematic relations between these indigenous and exogenous forms. I show how Tolai maintained the institution of the tubuan, which was a vehicle for social reproduction, while eagerly appropriating new institutions; how Tolai came to see the tubuan as a prime symbol of their "traditional" culture through their power struggles with European colonizers; and how Tolai have used the tubuan to reproduce or reshape power relations within their society or country that have been manifested since national independence in 1975. The appearance of the tubuan in "modern" settings, which emphasizes the continued relevance of the "traditional" values it embodies to contemporary Tolai life, helps Tolai visualize a distinct Tolai identity that combines and synthesizes seemingly antithetical themes---an identity that challenges a simplistic dichotomy between tradition and modernity that is still perpetuated in ethnographic writing.Arts, Faculty of
Anthropology, Department of
Graduate
45
Wagner, Gillian E. "Molecular genetic analysis of genes associated with inherited resistance to malarial parasitaemias." Phd thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/141419.
Full text
46
Lin, Chi-hsien, and 林季嫻. "Rent-seeking in developing country with natural resources-Log trading in Papua New guinea." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6485fa.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
經濟學研究所
102
The study is based on the concept of rent-seeking to explore control behavior of trade for the government in emerging countries. The scope is confined to the trade between the emerging countries with the Europe Union on logs and EU should take corresponding action based on government’s control measures in emerging countries. Under the premise of the environmental protection for logging required by many countries, the study will discuss whether the emerging countries can ensure the legal logging or the government can have different angles on this issue. The study discover that the government in emerging countries decide the degree of the execution for legal logging depend on the utility brought for the government. If there are unqualified log trading company which fail to meet the green environmental standard and try to bribe the official to pass, the government will choose to enforce the law strictly to remove unqualified logging company. In conclusion, the rent can be exempt from the logging company by the government because the degree of the enforcement of the law will make no difference whether the logging company meets the green standard or not. No matter what, the government wins. The study also discover that because of the weak verification for green standard by the emerging countries, the Europe Union can only set up the penalty clause to raise up the ratio of meeting the law and make sure the sale of wood product are qualified with green
47
MacWilliam, Scott. "Development and agriculture in late colonial Papua New Guinea." Phd thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151517.
Full text
48
Cooper, David Barton. "Laskona life : history, identity, and modernity on Lambom Island, Papua New Guinia." Phd thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151204.
Full text
49
Deklin, Anthony Paul Wano. "Legal control of the executive under the Papua New Guinea Constitution." Phd thesis, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/129611.
Full textAbstract:
The Papua New Guinea Constitution came into force at midnight on
16 September 1975 when the country became an independent, sovereign
State. This thesis is a study of a single aspect of this
Constitution, namely the legal control of the Executive. The task of
controlling the Executive is a major aim of the Constitution in that
it reflects what was perhaps the central concern of the Constitutional
Planning Committee (CPC) on whose recommendations much of the present
Constitution is based.
After an account of the factors which gave rise to the concern to
control the Executive is given, attention is directed to the main part
of the thesis, viz., the constitutional scheme of control the
constitution-makers devised for the purpose. The concluding chapter
provides some assessment of the operation of this scheme in practice,
focuäing, in particular, on the problems that have been experienced
since Independence. The chapter goes on to present some suggestions
as to the reforms that need to be made to the scheme, if the Executive
is to be adequately and effectively controlled in the future.
50
Lubcke, Antje. "Exposing New Guinea: The early photographers, W. G. Lawes and J. W. Lindt." Phd thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/123272.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores the early photographic
representation of southeast New Guinea through a close
examination of the lives and work of two of the first Europeans
to fix the region and its inhabitants on glass plate negatives.
It has been acknowledged that the London Missionary Society
missionary William G. Lawes and the professional photographer
John W. Lindt created images of New Guinea that have become
iconic through their repeated reproduction in print media, their
global dispersal, and replication by subsequent
visitors-with-cameras to the region. However, the immediate
circumstances of their photographs’ production have received
little attention in the literature. Focussing on the nature of
Lawes’s and Lindt’s photographic encounters, traces of which
can be read from the images themselves as well as their writings,
reveals the significance of the camera as well as the agency of
Papuans in shaping the photographic record. The contemporary
framings of their New Guinea images are also considered in order
to understand fully the different trajectories for the promotion
and influence of their photographs, which are now equally widely
dispersed in archive collections around the world. In the
chapters that follow I reconstitute the histories of Lawes’s
and Lindt’s New Guinea photographs in order to better
understand their production and circulation. The result of this
investigation is a more nuanced visual history that encompasses
the specific encounters, networks, technology, and texts that
shaped the early photographic record of New Guinea.