Journal articles: 'Natural organic pigments and dyes'

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Palomino Agurto, Mardonio E., Sarath M. Vega Gutierrez, R. C. Van Court, Hsiou-Lien Chen, and Seri C. Robinson. "Oil-Based Fungal Pigment from Scytalidium cuboideum as a Textile Dye." Journal of Fungi 6, no. 2 (April 22, 2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof6020053.

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Identification of effective natural dyes with the potential for low environmental impact has been a recent focus of the textile industry. Pigments derived from spalting fungi have previously shown promise as textile dyes; however, their use has required numerous organic solvents with human health implications. This research explored the possibility of using linseed oil as a carrier for the pigment from Scytalidium cuboideum as a textile dye. Colored linseed oil effectively dyed a range of fabrics, with natural fibers showing better coloration. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a pigment film over the fabric surface. While mechanical testing showed no strength loss in treated fabric, colorfastness tests showed significant changes in color in response to laundering and bleach exposure with variable effects across fabric varieties. SEM investigation confirmed differences in pigmented oil layer loss and showed variation in pigment crystal formation between fabric varieties. Heating of the pigmented oil layer was found to result in a bright, shiny fabric surface, which may have potential for naturally weatherproof garments.

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Grygar, T., Š. Kučková, D. Hradil, and J. Hradilová. "Electrochemical analysis of natural solid organic dyes and pigments." Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry 7, no. 10 (June 7, 2003): 706–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10008-003-0380-1.

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Nemer, Georgio, Nicolas Louka, Eugène Vorobiev, Dominique Salameh, Jean-Marc Nicaud, Richard G. Maroun, and Mohamed Koubaa. "Mechanical Cell Disruption Technologies for the Extraction of Dyes and Pigments from Microorganisms: A Review." Fermentation 7, no. 1 (March 9, 2021): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7010036.

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The production of pigments using single cell microorganisms is gaining traction as a sustainable alternative to conventional syntheses, which rely, in no negligible proportions, on petrochemicals. In addition to depending on petroleum, these syntheses involved the use of toxic organic solvents, which may be inadequately disposed of across a range of industries, thus compounding the deleterious effects of fossil fuel exploitation. Literature suggests that notable research efforts in the area of sustainable pigment production using single cell microorganisms are focused on the production of pigments coveted for their interesting qualities, which transcend their mere capacity to dye various fabrics both natural and synthetic. As interest in sustainable pigment biosynthesis grows, the need to devise effective and efficient cell disruption processes becomes more pressing given that the viability of pigment biosynthesis is not only dependent on microorganisms’ yield in terms of production, but also on researchers’ ability to recover them. This review chiefly reports findings as to mechanical cell disruption methods, used individually or in various combinations, and their aptitude to recover biosynthetic pigments.

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Dias, Sandra, Elisabete M. S. Castanheira, A. Gil Fortes, David M. Pereira, A. Rita O. Rodrigues, Regina Pereira, and M. Sameiro T. Gonçalves. "Application of Natural Pigments in Ordinary Cooked Ham." Molecules 25, no. 9 (May 10, 2020): 2241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25092241.

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The possibility of obtaining a carmine or pink color on ordinary cooked ham by applying natural dyes from three plant species, namely red radish (Raphanus sativus L.), hibiscus (Roselle sabdariffa L.) and red beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.), was investigated. The extracts were evaluated for the stability at physical-chemical parameters and subjected to cytotoxicity assays in the gastric cell line AGS Encapsulation of the extracts in soybean lecithin liposomes and maltodextrin microcapsules was performed. Lyophilized extracts before and after encapsulation in maltodextrin were applied in the formulation of ordinary cooked ham and used in a pilot scale of production. The color of cooked ham samples from different assays was evaluated visually and by colorimetry. The results suggest that the coloration of ordinary cooked ham obtained with extracts of red beetroot is very promising for future applications in this type of meat product.

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Wu, Shengtao, Jinliang Huang, Haishuai Cui, Tian Ye, Fang Hao, Wei Xiong, Pingle Liu, and He'an Luo. "Preparation of organic–inorganic hybrid methylene blue polymerized organosilane/sepiolite pigments with superhydrophobic and self-cleaning properties." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 19-20 (February 19, 2019): 4220–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519829924.

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Inspired by the self-cleaning and water-repellent properties of the lotus leaf in the natural world, a kind of organic–inorganic hybrid pigment with superhydrophobic properties was prepared by adsorption of cationic methylene blue (MB) azo dyes onto acid-treated sepiolite (SEP), and then a superhydrophobic functional group of polymerized organosilanes (POSs) obtained from hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) was introduced onto the composite pigments (MB/SEP). The excellent chemical, thermal and optical stability of MB@POS/SEP are due to the shielding effect caused by the chemical inertness of the POS sheet. Furthermore, the superhydrophobic MB@POS/SEP pigments show an extraordinary self-cleaning property, which is similar to the waterproof property of the lotus leaf and spider web. The superhydrophobicity is strongly linked to their chemical composition and morphology, which can be adjusted by varying the concentration of HDTMS and TEOS. This kind of superhydrophobic pigment can be applied in various fields, such as ceramics, building and daily necessities.

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Ghazali, Salmah Mohd, Hasiah Salleh, Ahmad Nazri Dagang, Nik Aziz Nik Ali, Nurhayati Ishak, Nurul Huda Kamaruzaman, Mohd Sabri Mohd Ghazali, Mohd Norizam Md Daud, and Nora’aini Ali. "A Simplest, Cheapest and Most Efficienct Technique to Enhance the Performance of Solid State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell: Deposition of Purple Seaweed as a Photosensitizer." Solid State Phenomena 301 (March 2020): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.301.160.

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Solid state dye-sensitized solar cell (ss-DSSC) was developed to overcome the problem arise from electrolyte leakage in liquid state dye-sensitized solar cell. This work focused on the fabrication of ss-DSSC based on inorganic semiconductor of titania and organic conducting polymer of poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and natural dyes from purple seaweed (PS dyes) via electrochemical, spin coating and dip coating method, respectively. The absorption spectrum and functional group of PS dyes were investigated using UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy; respectively. Meanwhile, the effect of immersion time of PS dyes on performance of the device was studied via current density-voltage (J-V) characteristic. PS dye was absorbed in a wide range of solar spectrum in visible and near-IR region by chlorophyll a, phycocyanin and zeaxanthin pigments exists in the PS dyes. The present of carboxylic groups in PS dyes which bound to P3HT and formed P3HT-COOH enable the linkage to TiO2 surface which helps in the transfer of electrons from natural dyes to the conduction band of TiO2 film. The highest efficiency obtained was 1.44% at 10 minutes time of immersion. This concludes that PS dyes was a good photosensitizer and can be applied in ss-DSSC.

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Tsugkiev, B. G., M. K. Ailyarova, E. I. Rekhviashvili, S. A. Grevtsova, and M. Yu Kabulova. "DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DYE FROM THE INFLORESCENCES OF CALENDULA OFFICINALIS." Innovations and Food Safety, no. 4 (December 28, 2018): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31677/2311-0651-2018-0-4-22-25.

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The starting material for the production of natural dyes are mainly plants. Coloring substances are usually obtained from various parts of plants: flowers, berries, roots, leaves containing pigments, the color of which is due to the presence of compounds such as anthocyanins, carotenoids, chlorophyll, flavonoids, etc. The most promising plant from the point of view of obtaining a yellow colorant is a medicinal calendula (Calendula officinalis L). Coloring pigment is mainly in the epidermis of the corollas of flowers and belongs to the group of carotenoid dyes, giving a yellow color. Its content in the flowers of calendula depends on the variety and growing conditions. Inflorescences of calendula officinalis contain carotenoids 2.8 %, the organic acid is 7.8 %, tannins to 0.02 %, essential oil of 0.03 %, mucus 4 %, ascorbic acid was 4.2 %. The chemical composition of calendula flowers, allows them to be used for dye. A method of extracting coloring substances from the inflorescences of calendula is developed.

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Cao, Zhen Yu, Feng Zhao, and Xi Yan Li. "Applications of Dyes in Material Science Research." Materials Science Forum 575-578 (April 2008): 1451–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.575-578.1451.

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Dyes are colored organic compounds that are used to pigment fiber or other materials. Dyes are mainly calssified into natural and synthetic dyes in terms of the origin. Natural dyes include animal dyes, plant dyes and mineral dyes with such defects as incomplete chromatogram, inconvenient use and color fading, and thus have been gradually eliminated. In 1856, the 18-year-old young British scientist Perkin successfully invented the world's first synthetic dyes. He built his own factory and industrialized synthetic dye production. Over 100 years since then, dye industry has undergone rapid development, and by 2001 synthetic dyes already have been up to nearly 10,000 varieties. In 2004, the output of total dyes in the world has reached 900,000 tons. Synthetic dyes are used comprehensively, not only to dye synthetic fibers, but also natural fibesr, fur, leather and man-made fibers.

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Verma, Himani, Anita Rani, Manisha Gahlot, Alka Goel, and Anil Kumar Sharma. "Sustainable dyeing of wool fabric with Talaromyces purpurogenus." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 11, no. 4 (December 10, 2019): 796–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v11i4.2179.

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Natural dyes had been used by human being since ancient times for colouring of various materials including textiles. These were replaced completely by synthetic dyes, continuous use of which created the problem of pollution and environmental degradation. With the development of green technology and increased awareness of sustainability, the use of non-allergic, non-toxic and eco-friendly natural dyes on textiles has become a matter of significant importance. Among the natural sources of colourants, microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi have gained interest in the field of textile coloration. In the present study, the pigment solution yielded from growth of Talaromyces purpurogenus sp. on organic waste was used for dyeing of wool fabric. Under the dyeing conditions i.e. 1:30 M:L ratio, pH 5, 80º C temperature and 45 minutes dyeing time, the percent absorption could reach 57 %, 32%, 36% and 49% respectively. The wool fabric samples dyed with the fungal dye exhibited very good to excellent washing and rubbing fastness properties. The colour pigment obtained from fungal thus offered an opportunity to reduce impact on plant resources for dye source exploration. So it can be concluded from the study that a natural fungal dye could help to sustain the environment and to minimize the over exploitation of natural resources.

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Yang, Gui Jun, Sen Rui Wang, Hong Lin, Gang Wang, Yong Chang Zhang, Feng Hao, and Hui Yuan Chen. "Photovoltaic Performance Optimization of Natural Trollius Sensitized Solar Cells." Key Engineering Materials 512-515 (June 2012): 1614–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.1614.

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Dye-sensitized solar cell is gradually becoming a strong competitor to Si-based solar cells, attracting much attention both from research and industry. Organic dyes used in dye-sensitized solar cells usually resemble dyes found in plants, fruits, and other natural products. In the present study, trollius pigment was extracted from a natural flower named trollius petals to serve as the sensitizer of the cells. UV-Vis absorption measurement revealed that the extracted pigment had a stronger absorbance under acid condition than that under basic condition. Devices were assembled with this trollius pigment, by systematically correlating the photovoltaic performance with the pH value of dye solution, film thickness and the sensitization time of the photoanode. The power conversion efficiency was increased by 37.9% when the pH of the dye solution was changed from alkaline (pH=9) to acidic (pH=4.3). The optimized efficiency of 0.254% was obtained when the film thickness was 13μm and the sensitization time was 3h under acidic condition.

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Martuti, Nana Kariada Tri, Isti Hidayah, Margunani Margunani, and Radhitya Bayu Alafima. "Organic Material for Clean Production in the Batik Industry: A Case Study of Natural Batik Semarang, Indonesia." Recycling 5, no. 4 (October 19, 2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/recycling5040028.

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Batik has become more desirable in the current fashion mode within the global market, but the environmental damage induced by this fabric’s synthetic dye practices is a matter of concern. This study aimed to discuss the application of organic materials as natural dyes in the clean production of textiles to maintain the environment. The research was a case study from the community services program in Kampung Malon, Gunungpati, Semarang City, Indonesia, focused on the batik home industry of the Zie Batik fabric. Furthermore, natural pigments from various plant organs (stem, leaves, wood, bark, and fruit) of diverse species, including Caesalpinia sappan, Ceriops candolleana, Maclura cochinchinensis, Indigofera tinctorial, I. arrecta, Rhizopora spp., Strobilantes cusia, and Terminalia bellirica were used for this type of material. These pigments are more biodegradable, relatively safe, and easily obtained with zero liquid waste compared to the synthetic variants. The leftover wastewater from the coloring stages was further utilized for other processes. Subsequently, the remaining organic waste from the whole procedure was employed as compost and/or timber for batik production, although a large amount of the wastewater containing sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), alum (KAl(SO4)2·12H2O), and fixatives (Ca(OH)2 and FeSO4) were discharged into the environment during the process of mordanting and fixating, with the requirement of additional treatment.

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Nithyananda Sastry, D., T. Prabhakar, and M. Lakshmi Narasu. "Studies on preparation of Bio-Paints using fungal bio-colors." Pigment & Resin Technology 45, no. 2 (March 7, 2016): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-02-2015-0022.

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Purpose – This paper aims to isolate fungal strains producing natural colours, explore their application as colourant in paints and develop cost-effective durable natural paints. Design/methodology/approach – Fungal strains producing natural colours of different shades were isolated. Colourant production was carried out by fermentation method. Natural lime, milk, oil-in-water emulsion paints using natural microbial colours and eco-friendly ingredients were prepared. Bio-paint applications were carried out and evaluated. Findings – Our results indicate that microbes in general and fungi in specific represent dependable source of variety of natural colours, and cost-effective durable natural paints can be prepared with commonly available natural ingredients using scientific information based on history of paints. Research limitations/implications – Natural colours are gaining importance because of their use in health, nutrition, pharmaceutical, textile and environmental applications. Nature is quite rich in several types of colourants. Chemical synthesis of synthetic dyes is complex and not environmental friendly. Microbial dyes manufactured can evade inherent environmental problems of synthetic dyes and offer significant opportunity as a colourant in paints. However, only generally regarded as safe microbial strains are to be considered for colour production. Practical implications – Choosing natural alternatives to protect the health and environment is the need of hour. Fungal colourants are relatively more stable and robust and offer significant opportunity as a colourant in paints. Cost-effective durable natural paints can be prepared using selected stable fungal colourants with commonly available natural ingredients. High diversity of rich and complex natural colourants can be obtained from microorganisms. With the available techniques of fermentation, natural colours can be produced in large quantities of on an economically viable scale and explored for their applications. Social implications – Bio-paints are eco-friendly natural paints, low volatile organic compounds (VOC) paints or organic paints alternate to conventional paints. Most of these natural paints are durable, breathable, prevent moisture problems, contribute to a positive room climate, use safer technology and are less energy-intensive than conventional latex paints to produce. These paints improve indoor air quality and reduce urban smog and offer beneficial characteristics such as low odour, excellent durability and a washable finish. Originality/value – Many of the old art works that still survive today are a tangible proof and evidence of beauty and durability of natural paints. Organic materials used in these paints include natural pigments of mineral, plant and animal origin and other raw biodegradable ingredients. Successful commercialisation of many microbial pigments for food and textile applications is reported in literature. Therefore, present research work aims at developing natural paints using microbial pigments and recipes that have been successfully used by people for years.

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Ngo, Anna Christina R., Catleen Conrad, Álvaro Gómez Baraibar, Anke Matura, Karl-Heinz van Pée, and Dirk Tischler. "Characterization of Two Hydrogen Peroxide Resistant Peroxidases from Rhodococcus opacus 1CP." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (August 27, 2021): 7941. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11177941.

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The dye-decolorizing peroxidases (DyP) are a family of heme-dependent enzymes present on a broad spectrum of microorganisms. While the natural function of these enzymes is not fully understood, their capacity to degrade highly contaminant pigments such as azo dyes or anthraquinones make them excellent candidates for applications in bioremediation and organic synthesis. In this work, two novel DyP peroxidases from the organism Rhodococcus opacus 1CP (DypA and DypB) were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The enzymes were purified and biochemically characterized. The activities of the two DyPs via 2,2′-azino-bis [3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid] (ABTS) assay and against Reactive Blue 5 were assessed and optimized. Results showed varying trends for DypA and DypB. Remarkably, these enzymes presented a particularly high tolerance towards H2O2, retaining its activities at about 10 mM H2O2 for DypA and about 4.9 mM H2O2 for DypB.

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Rápó, Eszter, Katalin Posta, Alexandra Csavdári, Boglárka Éva Vincze, Gyöngyvér Mara, Gábor Kovács, Imane Haddidi, and Szende Tonk. "Performance Comparison of Eichhornia crassipes and Salvinia natans on Azo-Dye (Eriochrome Black T) Phytoremediation." Crystals 10, no. 7 (July 1, 2020): 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10070565.

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Organic pollutants, such as dyes, have a negative effect on the aqueous environment, therefore, their elimination from water bodies is a high priority. In this work, Eichhornia crassipes and Salvinia natans, both model plants with high phytoremediation efficiency, were exposed to various concentrations (Ci = 50–500 mg/L) of Eriochrome Black T (EBT). Their capacity to assimilate EBT was studied for 16 days of exposure, similar to natural conditions and by spectrophotometric monitoring of the dye concentration (EE. crassipes; 150 mg/L = 33%; ES. natans; 150 mg/L = 71.5%). The changes of the experimental parameters (pH—equalised by day 5, temperature, humidity, light intensity) were followed, and plant growth and biochemical responses to toxic stress effects (photosynthetic pigments, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX)—decreased effect of P, Mg, Ca, S and K, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), defense enzyme) were examined. Furthermore, changes in oxidative- and photo-degradation of EBT in time and the solid-state properties (SEM, EDX, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy-FTIR) of the dye were investigated. Our results demonstrate that, despite the toxic stress, both species succeeded in reducing the dye-concentration of the water and S. natans proved to be more efficient in binding and removing organic dyes. With our findings, we proved that both plants alleviated the abiotic stress of dye contamination.

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Yusoff, Aiman, N. T. R. N. Kumara, Andery Lim, Piyasiri Ekanayake, and Kushan U. Tennakoon. "Impacts of Temperature on the Stability of Tropical Plant Pigments as Sensitizers for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells." Journal of Biophysics 2014 (February 23, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/739514.

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Natural dyes have become a viable alternative to expensive organic sensitizers because of their low cost of production, abundance in supply, and eco-friendliness. We evaluated 35 native plants containing anthocyanin pigments as potential sensitizers for DSSCs. Melastoma malabathricum (fruit pulp), Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (flower), and Codiaeum variegatum (leaves) showed the highest absorption peaks. Hence, these were used to determine anthocyanin content and stability based on the impacts of storage temperature. Melastoma malabathricum fruit pulp exhibited the highest anthocyanin content (8.43 mg/L) followed by H. rosa-sinensis and C. variegatum. Significantly greater stability of extracted anthocyanin pigment was shown when all three were stored at 4∘C. The highest half-life periods for anthocyanin in M. malabathricum, H. rosa-sinensis, and C. variegatum were 541, 571, and 353 days at 4∘C. These were rapidly decreased to 111, 220, and 254 days when stored at 25∘C. The photovoltaic efficiency of M. malabathricum was1.16%, while the values for H. rosa-sinensis and C. variegatum were 0.16% and 1.08%, respectively. Hence, M. malabathricum fruit pulp extracts can be further evaluated as an alternative natural sensitizer for DSSCs.

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Rosa Cunha, Warlley, Arthur Godoy Cottas, Thales Azevedo Teixeira, and Juliana De Souza Ferreira. "EVALUATION OF PHICOCYANIN PRODUCTION BY Anabaena variabilis USING DIFFERENT ORGANIC CARBON SOURCES." Journal of Engineering and Exact Sciences 6, no. 3 (September 4, 2020): 0228–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.18540/jcecvl6iss3pp0228-0315.

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Phycocyanin (PC) is one of the phycobiliproteins, pigments found in cyanobacteria, which can be used as natural dyes, antioxidants and fluorescent markers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of supplementation of the basal culture medium (BG110) of the cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis with different sources of organic carbon in concentration of 1 g⸱L-1, evaluating the production of biomass and PC. The best condition obtained was the medium supplemented with glucose that produced 75.36 mg⸱g-1 PC, about 5 times greater than the control with 14.57 mg⸱g-1 PC. All supplemented media also showed higher biomass production compared to the basal medium, again to stand out for the glucose medium, presenting 0.29 g⸱L-1 of dry biomass.

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Nahar, Kamrun. "A Review on Natural Dye Sensitized Solar Cells: Dye Extraction, Application and Comparing the Performance." Advanced Engineering Forum 39 (February 2021): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.39.63.

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Among all the solar cell system dye sensitized solar cell is the third-generation solar cell that contains working electrode coating with semiconducting material, dye sensitizer, counter electrode and the efficiency of dye sensitized solar cell is reliant on the material which is absorbing light and converting it as energy. In this respect, dye sensitizer is the most substantial component in dye sensitized solar cell. Though organic and natural dye has been used in solar cell but due to the deleterious effect of organic dye, its application has been suppressed by the natural dye which is environment friendly and accessible. Ample of natural dyes has been applied in solar cell as sensitizer, while their way of application is different especially in case of dye extraction process. In this theoretical analysis, various research work related to dye sensitized solar has been included and explained the working principle of dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC), also summarized the extraction process of natural dye from different along with their photovoltaic parameters of various natural dye sensitized solar cell. Moreover, this study also compares the performance of natural dye sensitized solar cell according to presence of chromophore group in natural pigment.

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Cárdenas, J. I., and C. Vargas-Hernandez. "Vibrational and Compositional Analysis Associated with the Color ofGuadua angustifoliaKunth Variety Bicolor (GAKVB)." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/429314.

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The vibrational modes and compositional behavior of plant material ofGuadua angustifoliaKunth Variety Bicolor (GAKVB) and the characteristics associated with color changes were evaluated by Raman, infrared, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. In the vibrational spectra, the frequencies of 1598, 2099, and 845 cm−1were associated with yellow and blue pigments. These pigments can be found in natural organic dyes of vegetable origin, such as indigo blue (anil or pastel), extracted from Central American shrubs (Indigoferaand indaco) (Domenech, 2010), in some pigments synthesized in solid-state reactions from aluminum oxides, such as CaAl12O19, that have a turquoise color (Costa et al., 2009), and in Indian yellow (MgC19H16O11·5H2O). Using an immersion test, it was shown that the color was stable and that no loss of color occurred when photosynthesis was halted in the sample. The green and yellow stripes are assigned to Fe, N, Mg, and Si compounds. The yellow is due to decrease of Fe, Mg, and elemental Si. Results are obtained using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Raman measurements.

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Wouters, Jan, Cecily M. Grzywacz, and Ana Claro. "A Comparative Investigation of Hydrolysis Methods to Analyze Natural Organic Dyes by HPLC-PDA - Nine Methods, Twelve Biological Sources, Ten Dye Classes, Dyed Yarns, Pigments and Paints." Studies in Conservation 56, no. 3 (September 2011): 231–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/204705811x13110713013353.

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Yudiati, Ervia, Ali Djunaedi, Dea Shinta Kharisma Adziana, Ayunda Ainun Nisa, and Rabia Alghazeer. "Improving Production, Chlorophyll a and Carotenoids Contents of Gracilaria sp. with Liquid Organic Fertilizer from Alginate Waste." ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences 26, no. 1 (February 27, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ik.ijms.26.1.1-6.

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Chlorophyll is a photosynthetic pigment, used in the food sector as a natural dye in food. Carotenoids is used in the health sector to prevent several disease in humans. The production and pigment contents are influenced by nutrient availability. The aim of this study was to increase the production of chlorophyll a and carotenoids contents in Gracilaria sp. Seaweed obtained from Demak aquaculture ponds, then cultivated in aquarium for 28 days.Alginate from Sargassum sp. waste fertilizer was prepared by adding some compounds, fermented by commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Five different treatments (FB (basal formulation: 75 g alginate waste + 22.5mL molase + 7.5 g S. cerevisiae + 250 mL aquadest)), FBL (basal formulation+100% Lamtoro leaves), FBLU (basal formulation+50%Lamtoro leaves+50% carapace shrimp waste), FBU (Basal formulation + 100% carapace shrimp waste) and control-without fertilizer) was applied. Analysis of pigments was determined using the spectrophotometric method. The research design was CRD with 4 treatments and a control. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis statistical analysis. The result showed that fertilization in culture media could increase the production (DW) and pigment contents. The highest levels of dry weight, chlorophyll a and carotenoids (P<0.05) were resulted from FBLU ie. 6.58 ± 0.07g dry weight; 5.47 mg.L-1 and 0.16 µmol.L-1.The application of organic fertilizer from alginate extract waste to Gracilaria sp. culture media had a significant effect towards growth, dry weight, chlorophyll a and carotenoids pigments content. This inexpensive fertilizer expected to be the solution of green and zero waste management which provide the enviromentally friendly fertilizer.

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Rocha-Rangel, E., L. Téllez-Jurado, P. C. Carbó-Vela, J. A. Rodríguez-García, and E. A. Armendáriz-Mireles. "Use of Natural Sensitizers of TiO2-Nanocrystalline Semiconductor for the Construction of DSSC." MRS Advances 2, no. 15 (2017): 869–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.275.

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ABSTRACTThis work describes the electrical behavior of dye sensitized solar cells manufactured with TiO2-nanocrystalline semiconductor sensitized with diverse natural tints. A number of natural sensitizers have been tested, including red fruits as blackberries, hibiscus and beet in order to comprehend the relationship between anthocyanin and electron transfer and green vegetables as spinach and grass, as well as for known the relationship between chlorophyll and electron transfer. The nanocrystalline semiconductor was characterized by XRD, FTIR and SEM. The bands observed at 931, 667 and 514 cmˉ1 in the FTIR spectrum confirmed the presence of Ti-O-Ti bonds. From DRX analysis it is confirmed the presence of TiO2 in its anatase form. This study confirms the great potential of the use of organic dyes for sensitized the TiO2-semiconductor. Principally, in blackberries it has reached values around 300 mV owing to high concentrations of purple pigment due to the molecule called anthocyanin and the anchoring properties of the anthocyanin with the TiO2-nanocrystalline semiconductor.

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Yan, Zhiying, Wenjuan Gong, Yongjuan Chen, Deliang Duan, Junjie Li, Wei Wang, and Jiaqiang Wang. "Visible-Light Degradation of Dyes and Phenols over Mesoporous Titania Prepared by Using Anthocyanin from Red Radish as Template." International Journal of Photoenergy 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/968298.

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Heterogeneous photocatalysis is able to operate effectively to eliminate organic compounds from wastewater in the presence of semiconductor photocatalyst and a light source. Although photosensitization of titania by organic dyes is one of the conventional ways for visible-light utilization of titania, previous studies have not yet addressed the use of natural food coloring agents as templates in the synthesis of mesostructured materials, let alone the simultaneous achievement of highly crystalline mesoscopic framework and visible-light photocatalytic activity. In this work, anthocyanin, a natural pigment from red radish was directly used as template in synthesis of highly crystalline mesoporous titania. The synthesized mesoporous titania samples were characterized by a combination of various physicochemical techniques, such as XRD, SEM, HRTEM, nitrogen adsorption/desorption, and diffuse reflectance UV-Vis. The prepared mesoporous titania photocatalyst exhibited significant activity under visible-light irradiation for the degradation of dyes and phenols due to its red shift of band-gap-absorption onset and visible-light response as a result of the incorporation of surface carbon species.

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Oliveira, André F. do A., Pollyana Trigueiro, Dihêgo H. L. Damacena, Luzia M. C. Honorio, Josy A. Osajima, and Edson C. Silva-Filho. "Hybrid Pigments from Bixin Dye and Inorganic Matrices." Environmental Sciences Proceedings 6, no. 1 (March 2, 2021): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecms2021-09382.

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Annatto dye is a natural organic dye belonging to carotenoids, whose main components are bixin and norbixin. Due to its low stability, it is convenient to protect the dye molecules with other materials. The use of clay minerals is an alternative, which are phyllosilicates with attractive physico-chemical properties, such as high specific surface area, cation exchange capacity, mechanical/chemical stability and non-toxicity. The main purpose of this work was to develop hybrid materials, using annatto dye and clay mineral modified with different inorganic cations, and then, to evaluate the stability of the new pigments. The process of preparing the modified clay minerals involved mixing a synthetic montmorillonite in solutions containing the precursor salts of the metal cations. Subsequently, the dye was dissolved in a solution containing water and alcohol, followed by filtration and mixed with the modified clay, giving rise to the hybrid pigments. Through the characterizations, it was noted that a variety of colors were obtained, and the sample containing aluminum was the one that most adsorbed the dye and showed a significant increase in stability at high temperatures. This hybrid material was better to dye than its pure form. Therefore, the bixin/montmorillonite pigments are promising for replacing artificial colors in practical applications such as in the cosmetics, food or pharmaceutical industries.

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Oliveira, André F. do A., Pollyana Trigueiro, Dihêgo H. L. Damacena, Luzia M. C. Honorio, Josy A. Osajima, and Edson C. Silva-Filho. "Hybrid Pigments from Bixin Dye and Inorganic Matrices." Environmental Sciences Proceedings 6, no. 1 (March 2, 2021): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc-1256578.

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Annatto dye is a natural organic dye belonging to carotenoids, whose main components are bixin and norbixin. Due to its low stability, it is convenient to protect the dye molecules with other materials. The use of clay minerals is an alternative, which are phyllosilicates with attractive physico-chemical properties, such as high specific surface area, cation exchange capacity, mechanical/chemical stability and non-toxicity. The main purpose of this work was to develop hybrid materials, using annatto dye and clay mineral modified with different inorganic cations, and then, to evaluate the stability of the new pigments. The process of preparing the modified clay minerals involved mixing a synthetic montmorillonite in solutions containing the precursor salts of the metal cations. Subsequently, the dye was dissolved in a solution containing water and alcohol, followed by filtration and mixed with the modified clay, giving rise to the hybrid pigments. Through the characterizations, it was noted that a variety of colors were obtained, and the sample containing aluminum was the one that most adsorbed the dye and showed a significant increase in stability at high temperatures. This hybrid material was better to dye than its pure form. Therefore, the bixin/montmorillonite pigments are promising for replacing artificial colors in practical applications such as in the cosmetics, food or pharmaceutical industries.

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Exposito, Junien, Claude Becker, David Ruch, and Frédéric Aubriet. "Study of Polymer Material Aging by Laser Mass Spectrometry, UV-Visible Spectroscopy, and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy." Research Letters in Physical Chemistry 2007 (December 6, 2007): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/95753.

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Dyed natural rubber (NR) and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), designed for outdoor applications, were exposed to an accelerated artificial aging in xenon light. The aging results in the deterioration of the exposed surface material properties. The ability of dyed polymers to withstand prolonged sunlight exposure without fading or undergoing any physical deterioration is largely determined not only by the photochemical characteristics of the absorbing dyestuff itself but also by the polymer structure and fillers. Results obtained by laser mass spectrometry, UV-visible spectroscopy, and environmental scanning electron microscopy indicate that dyed filled NR and SBR samples behave differently during the photo-oxidation. The fading of the dyed polymers was found to be promoted in the NR sample. This can be correlated with LDI-FTICRMS results, which show the absence of [M-H]− orange pigment pseudomolecular ion and also its fragment ions after aging. This is confirmed by both EDX and UV/Vis spectroscopy. EDX analysis indicates a concentration of chlorine atoms, which can be considered as a marker of orange pigment or its degradation products, only at the surface of SBR flooring after aging. Reactivity of radicals formed during flooring aging has been studied and seems to greatly affect the behavior of such organic pigments.

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Puchalska, Maria, Kasia Po?e?-Pawlak, Irmina Zadro?na, Helena Hryszko, and Maciej Jarosz. "Identification of indigoid dyes in natural organic pigments used in historical art objects by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry." Journal of Mass Spectrometry 39, no. 12 (2004): 1441–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jms.728.

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Eli, Danladi, Ezeoke Jonathan, M. Ahmad, Danladi Ezra, S. Sarki, Ishaya Iliyasu, and P. Gyuk. "Photoelectrochemical Performance of Dye-sensitized Organic Photovoltaic Cells Based on Natural Pigments and Wide-bandgap Nanostructured Semiconductor." Physical Science International Journal 10, no. 2 (January 10, 2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/psij/2016/25295.

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Alekseev, Sergey G. "A Brief history of the chemical transformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene." Butlerov Communications 62, no. 4 (April 30, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/20-62-4-1.

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The results of works published in the open press over the past 100 years on the possibilities of converting one of the most well-known and widely used blasting explosives (EX) – 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT, TOL, TNT) into "conversion" chemical products are summarized having a diverse and commercially attractive application. Examples of the first industrial use of TNT are not given as explosives, but as inexpensive and affordable chemical raw materials for the production of components of photosensitive compositions. The reasons for the second more intensive period of development of works (late 20th – early 21st centuries) on revealing the synthetic potential of TNT are noted. The most promising areas of work are discussed: the synthesis of polyfunctional organic compounds of a carbo (hetero) cyclic structure, interesting as biologically active substances, precursors for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, original polymers and resins, etc. The article makes assumptions about the reasons for the fact that so far TNT has not found wide practical application as an almost universal starting compound for obtaining a wide range of products of small and large-tonnage organic intesa. Using examples of the results of their own work on obtaining original, effective dyes and pigments, sorption-active compounds, structural analogues of hard-to-reach, but practically significant natural substances, the authors suggest ways of involving TNT in the practice of industrial organic synthesis.

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Morales-García, Pedro, Evelyn Y. Calvillo-Muñoz, Irina V. Lijanova, Natalya V. Likhanova, Octavio Olivares-Xometl, and Paulina Arellanes-Lozada. "Synthesis of Ammonium-Based Ionic Liquids for the Extraction Process of a Natural Pigment (Betanin)." Molecules 26, no. 18 (September 8, 2021): 5458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26185458.

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The use of new synthesized ammonium-based ionic liquids was explored as an alternative to the current process implemented in the betanin extraction from red beet juice, resulting in high yields: 70% and 82%. Betanin is a vegetal pigment that has been applied to a large variety of products in the food industry, which is important, for it can work as a substitute for the red synthetic dyes used nowadays. Additionally, the use of the kosmotropic salt sodium acetate was explored in order to separate the complex formed by the ionic liquid and pigment of interest in a process that combined two techniques: ATPS (aqueous two-phase system) and SOES (salting-out extraction system). The results reveal that the studied techniques could work as a novel process for the extraction of betanin from red beet juice employing ionic liquids, which have not been tested for this purpose in other research.

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LI, YuFang, ShuYa WEI, and YaRong WANG. "Identification of indigoid dyes in natural organic pigments used in textiles of Tang Dynasty by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry and Diode Array Detector." SCIENTIA SINICA Technologica 46, no. 6 (May 23, 2016): 625–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/n092015-00089.

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Demczuk Jr, Bogdan, and Rosemary Hoffmann Ribani. "Updates on chemistry and use of annatto (Bixa orellana L.)." Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Alimentos 6, no. 1 (March 24, 2015): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14685/rebrapa.v6i1.144.

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Food color is the first attribute evaluated by the consumer. Therefore, the food industry is concerned about the use of colorants in food materials to make them more attractive. Between the colorants used by the food industry, annatto is a raw material that allows the obtaining a large amount of natural pigments. The annatto dye is extracted from the outer layer of Bixa orellana L. seeds by immersion in alkaline solution, vegetable oil or organic solvents. In addition to the commercial preparations, a large amount of brazilian annatto seeds is used to prepare “colorífico”, a spice obtained from the mixture of pigment or grinded seeds with corn flour, vegetable oil and salt. Besides the bixin carotenoid, the seeds presents other components such as geranylgeraniol, with important pharmacological properties. The annatto seeds variability are influenced by conditions of post-harvest processing and the different cultivars used in industry. After the annatto processing, about 96% of waste are generated, which after dried and milled remain appropriate for reuse. During de pigment analysis in foodstuffs, the preparation techniques, the compounds separation and quantification requires, the use of standards with high purity and stability. DOI: 10.14685/rebrapa.v6i1.144

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Tatarczak-Michalewska, Małgorzata, Jolanta Flieger, Justyna Kawka, Wojciech Płaziński, Tomasz Klepka, Piotr Flieger, and Monika Szymańska-Chargot. "Polymers Sorption Properties towards Photosynthetic Pigments and Fungicides." Materials 14, no. 8 (April 9, 2021): 1874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14081874.

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In the present work, extraction with a solvent (cold acetone) was used to extract the assimilation pigments from spinach leaves. Then, the sorption capacity of selected plastics granules (polyvinyl chloride—PVC, polypropylene—PP, polyethylene—PE of different densities) was tested for the selective isolation of chlorophylls. Quantification of chlorophylls by HPLC (Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18 column, the mobile phase: Acetonitrile/methanol/ethyl acetate 6:2:2, v/v) was based on chlorophyll-a content as the most common chlorophyll. The performed experiments prove that PVC containing electronegative chlorine exhibits favorable interactions toward chlorophyll by creating stable molecular complexes. The Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy (FT-Raman) and the molecular modeling were used to elucidate the structure of the created complexes. The optimal extraction requirements, the mass of sorbent, water-acetone ratio, time, and the composition of the elution solvent were all established. The optimized extraction conditions ensured a maximum extraction yield of chlorophylls of 98%. The chlorophyll-rich sorbent was re-extracted by acetone, leading to the recovery of 91% of chlorophylls in one step, adding the possibility of its re-use. The proposed effective and ecological method of obtaining the green dye from plants is cheap, simple, and efficient, avoiding organic solvents, utilizing the most widely used synthetic polymers in the world, being products difficult for utilization. The possibility to remove chosen fungicides cyprodinil, chlorothalonil, and thiabendazone from plant extract by PVC was also examined. The described method proposes a new application of synthetic polymers, which meets the criteria of sustainable green chemistry, simultaneously reaching the growing demand for pure natural compounds in the pharmaceutical and food industries.

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Quan, Nguyen Van, Do Tan Khang, Luan Thi Dep, Truong Ngoc Minh, Nakagoshi Nobukazu, and Tran Dang Xuan. "The Potential Use of a Food-Dyeing Plant Peristrophe bivalvis (L.) Merr. in Northern Vietnam." International Journal of Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine 4 (August 2016): 14–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijppe.4.14.

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An investigation on the current usage status and experience in usingPeristrophe bivalvis(L.) Merr. was conducted in the mountainous region of Northern Vietnam. Five varieties were collected and recorded as a source of foodstuff-dyeing and medicinal plants on indigenous knowledge of ethnic minorities in the study area, of which, three varieties were dyed purple, one red and one yellow-orange; with two varieties being used for the treatment of haemoptysis, dysentery, liver disease, kidney failure, and jaundice. Two extraction methods using organic solvents and aqueous solvent were applied to spectrophotometrically investigate the phytochemical contents ofPeristrophe bivalvisvarieties. Accordingly, the coloration components ofPeristrophe bivalvisvarieties were contributed by a complex compound of photosynthetic pigments, anthocyanins, flavonoids. Also, the total phenolics, total flavonoids and effect of extraction methods, dissolved solutions (water and methanol) on these contents were assessed. Besides, screening antioxidant capacity ofPeristrophe bivalvisvarietieswas assayed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method which showed stronger radical inhibition of organic extractions than that of aqueous extractions. The results of determination of phytochemicals and antioxidant capacity support the knowledge and experience in usingPeristrophe bivalvisvarieties as natural dyeing production for food and pharmaceutical industry.

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Bhargava, Udayagiri R. "A Brief Review on Dye Sensitized Solar Cells." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 31, 2021): 3289–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37089.

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Photo-voltaic (PV) devices such as a Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) is a source of energy that converts incident photon or solar radiation to usable electricity. DSSCs are fast becoming a viable and interesting alternative to the traditional inorganic photo-voltaic devices to address the demerits of the inorganic PV devices like the use of expensive noble metals and high-cost chemical synthesis processes. A DSSC functions with two main components, i.e., a photo-sensitizer that absorbs incident light and a semiconductor onto which it is adhered to and a conductive glass housing such as Florine-doped Tin Oxide (FTO) or Indium-doped Tin Oxide (ITO), between which the sensitizer, semiconductor and an electrolyte are sandwiched. The semiconductor is preferably a wide-band semiconductor, of which the commonly used semiconductors in a DSSC are made of a nanoparticle layer of Titanium dioxide (TiO2), Zinc oxide (ZnO) and Tin oxide (SnO2). The utility of these solar cells with a diverse number of natural photo-sensitizers for use as an alternative PV device is described. Currently, there are an abundance of natural sources that could be used to obtain photo-sensitizers from, such as, micro and macro algae, plants, bacteria, etc. leading to increased importance in renewable energy sector and has gained traction to be a viable renewable energy resource. In addition to the functioning of an organic DSSC, various characteristics of the pigments used as photo-sensitizers are described here. Patents filed regarding eco-friendly and natural Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells have been increasing as of late and holds substantial promise.

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Chungkrang, Lizamoni. "Environmental friendly synthesis of natural dyes and pigments." International Journal of Chemical Studies 8, no. 5 (September 1, 2020): 2398–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i5ag.10677.

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Gsänger, Marcel, David Bialas, Lizhen Huang, Matthias Stolte, and Frank Würthner. "Organic Semiconductors based on Dyes and Color Pigments." Advanced Materials 28, no. 19 (May 2016): 3615–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201505440.

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Oliveira, Micael Estevão Pereira de, Wildson Max Barbosa da Silva, Daniela Ribeiro Alves, João Batista de Andrade Neto, Selene Maia de Morais, and Solange de Oliveira Pinheiro. "Dyes and pigments used in foods: an integrative literature review." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 10 (August 13, 2021): e316101018925. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i10.18925.

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The food colors are, in many countries, widely used to give food increased visual sensory quality, aiming, thus, the growth of the consumer market. Aware of this, the present work aimed to reevaluate the general properties of synthetic food dyes and natural pigments, the latter being generally used to replace the former. Then, the current analysis was based on the search for the strategy, selection of articles (with inclusion and exclusion criteria), eligibility, and data extraction. Thus, it was observed in studies that synthetic food dyes may cause several harmful effects to human health, among them, genetic damage and carcinogenicity. On the other hand, the use of natural pigments as an alternative to replace food dyes has been increasingly present in studies, presenting qualities that, previously, were not known, as is the case of anthocyanins, which have important physiological and ecological functions. It is also important to point out that the use of natural pigments goes beyond the limits of food, and are also found as sensitizers for solar cells, tissues, and medicines. Selected articles (47) leaded to a total of 72 distinct pieces of information, focused mainly on the biological activities and involving natural dyes and pigments. In short, the gradual replacement of dyes, currently used, still in large scale in some locations, by natural pigments, is already part of our present, allowing the creation of a future perspective with the production of processed foods without the damage that most of synthetic dyes produce to the human body.

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Zucchelli, Margherita, Fernando D. Villarruel, Pedro David-Gara, Mariana R. Costante, Marcos Tascon, Fernando Marte, Fernando S. García Einschlag, and Franco M. Cabrerizo. "Photophysics and photochemistry of carminic acid and related natural pigments." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 22, no. 17 (2020): 9534–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cp01312a.

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Le, Quang-Ung, Horng-Liang Lay, Ming Chang Wu, and Thi Hong-Hanh Nguyen. "Natural plant colorants widely used in Vietnam traditional food culture." Journal of Food, Nutrition and Agriculture 1, no. 1 (December 17, 2018): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21839/jfna.2018.v1i1.220.

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The artificial colorants have gradually been being replaced by natural pigments which are becoming increasingly important in Vietnam and other parts of the world due to the potential noxiousness of man-made food dyes to human health. This research covers colorant plants and sources used commonly in the food culture of ethnic communities in Vietnam with the current trend toward natural pigments and coloring foods. As a result, we reported 49 species which can be used as natural food pigments and of these, 7 colorant plants used mostly in Vietnam traditional food culture were detailed.

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Rosales Córdova, Carlos Aldebarán, Antonio de Ita de la Torre, and Rosalba Castañeda Guzman. "Photoacoustic Analysis of Natural Indigo, Palygorskite and Synthetic Maya Blue." MRS Proceedings 1374 (2012): 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2012.1396.

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ABSTRACTMaya blue is an organic / inorganic pigment which is composed principally by two elements: a white clay known as palygorskite (in the Mayan dialect Sakalum), and a blue dye called indigo, this dye is extracted from the plant Indigofera suffruticosa. The mixture and the warming of these two elements produce the Maya blue, which exhibits unusual features such as: resistance to the assault of the acids in warm or high temperatures, his persistent color in spite of having been exposed to different climatic conditions as a result of the passage of time and the specific chemical composition that this pigment presents.In the present investigation natural indigo, palygorskite and synthetic maya blue were analyzed with a new implementation technique called photoacoustic analysis, which detects the structural changes that happen in the material under a controlled increase of temperature. Due to the fact that this technology detects with clarity where the structural changes happen but not that type of changes happen, it used as base termogravimetric analysis. One of the important findings, it was that in the spectrum of the synthetic maya blue were detected the structural changes of the clay and the dye, something that with other used technologies had not been achieved to observe.

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Rekha, M., and M. Kowsalya. "A New Organic Dye Cordia sebestena Sensitized Solar Cell with Current-Voltage Characteristics." Asian Journal of Chemistry 32, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 342–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2020.22405.

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Titanium dioxide nanoparticles have been synthesized by a novel modified sol-gel for the fabrication of natural dye sensitized solar cells. The natural photo sensitizer extracted from Cordia sebestena flower was mixed with the precursor solution. The flower dye has put the effort of a surfactant which has resulted colourized TiO2 instead of white TiO2. Whencompared to the conventional sol-gel method, this modified process has enhanced the properties of TiO2 like, morphology, uniformity in dye absorption. It has reduced the agglomeration of TiO2 and dye aggregation significantly. The optimized molecular geometry of sebestenoid D, the major pigment of Cordia sebestena and HOMO-LUMO plot are found using density functional theory. The TiO2 nanoparticles were subjected to structural, optical, spectral and morphological studies which showed improved properties in modified sol-gel process. Ecofriendly and low-cost natural dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) were fabricated using conventional and pre-dye treated TiO2 sensitized by Cordia sebestena flower extract. The I-V studies showed the solar light photon to electron conversion efficiencies of 0.87 and 1.28 % for sol-gel and modified sol-gel methods, respectively. There has been an enhancement in efficiency by 47 % in modified sol-gel method which is very much promising in terms of efficiency for natural dye sensitized solar cells.

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Clayton, Ellis. "Detection of Metals in Fibrous Materials, Dyes, and Organic Pigments." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 53, no. 10 (October 22, 2008): 380–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1937.tb01940.x.

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Kushwaha, Reena, Pankaj Srivastava, and Lal Bahadur. "Natural Pigments from Plants Used as Sensitizers for TiO2Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." Journal of Energy 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/654953.

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Four natural pigments, extracted from the leaves of teak (Tectona grandis), tamarind (Tamarindus indica), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus), and the flower of crimson bottle brush (Callistemon citrinus), were used as sensitizers for TiO2based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The dyes have shown absorption in broad range of the visible region (400–700 nm) of the solar spectrum and appreciable adsorption onto the semiconductor (TiO2) surface. The DSSCs made using the extracted dyes have shown that the open circuit voltages (Voc) varied from 0.430 to 0.610 V and the short circuit photocurrent densities (Jsc) ranged from 0.11 to 0.29 mA cm−2. The incident photon-to-current conversion efficiencies (IPCE) varied from 12–37%. Among the four dyes studied, the extract obtained from teak has shown the best photosensitization effects in terms of the cell output.

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Boonsong, Panthip, Natta Laohakunjit, Orapin Kerdchoechuen, and Frank B. Matta. "Detection of Pigments and Natural Colorants from Thai Herbal Plants for Possible Use as Coloring Dyes." HortScience 46, no. 2 (February 2011): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.46.2.265.

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Fourteen Thai herbal plants were extracted using methanol, ethanol, and acetone. Comparison of the various extraction methods for pigments and polyphenols (colorants) showed that methanol provided a more complete extraction than ethanol and acetone. Percentage yield ranged from 1.7 to 40.7 and was dependent on the plant extracted and solubility of pigments and polyphenols (colorants) extracted by the various solvents. The absorption spectra of pigments and polyphenols (colorants) in the plant extract were present in the visible region (351 to 665 nm) and the absorption spectra of polyphenols were present in the ultraviolet region (200 to 349 nm). Color of plant extracts varied and included violet–blue, yellow–green, red, orange–red, gray–purple, blue–green, gray–orange, gray–yellow, and black. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to separate and identify compounds of plant pigments and polyphenols (colorants). Ya-nang had the greatest number of peaks and chlorophyll A and chlorophyll B were found only in Ya-nang. Numerous pigments and polyphenols were detected. Such compounds have the potential to be used as coloring dyes.

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Azman, Adzzie-Shazleen, Christina-Injan Mawang, and Sazaly Abubakar. "Bacterial Pigments: The Bioactivities and as an Alternative for Therapeutic Applications." Natural Product Communications 13, no. 12 (December 2018): 1934578X1801301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1801301240.

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Synthetic pigments have been widely used in various applications since the 1980s. However, the hyperallergenicity or carcinogenicity effects of synthetic dyes have led to the increased research on natural pigments. Among the natural resources, bacterial pigments are a good alternative to synthetic pigments because of their significant properties. Bacterial pigments are also one of the emerging fields of research since it offers promising opportunities for different applications. Besides its use as safe coloring agents in the cosmetic and food industry, bacterial pigments also possess biological properties such as antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant and anticancer activities. This review article highlights the various types of bacterial pigments, the latest studies on the discovery of bacterial pigments and the therapeutic insights of these bacterial pigments which hopefully provides useful information, guidance and improvement in future study.

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Micó-Vicent, Bàrbara, Jorge Jordán, Esther Perales, Francisco Miguel Martínez-Verdú, and Francisco Cases. "Finding the Additives Incorporation Moment in Hybrid Natural Pigments Synthesis to Improve Bioresin Properties." Coatings 9, no. 1 (January 9, 2019): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9010034.

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Interest in applications of natural dye applications has increased because of their antibacterial properties and the possibility of extracting them from nature and residues. Using nanoclays as hosts to reinforce natural dye properties has been successfully demonstrated. However, no one has attempted to optimize the polymer matrix and hybrid pigment properties at the same time to ensure the best final properties for bio-composite applications. Using a statistical design for experiments, we propose the best combination of modifiers with the best nanoclay as the host of three natural dyes: chlorophyll, β-carotene, and betanine. Using the L9 Taguchi designs, we learned both the influence of the nanoclay structure, and the addition moment of surfactant, mordant salt, and silane modifiers. FTIR, XRD, DTG, integration sphere spectrophotometer, and UV-aging tests were used to characterize the hybrid pigments and epoxy bioresin composites. The degradation temperatures of the three natural dyes rose and the reinforcement of the stability of three natural dyes to UV–Vis radiation exposure was demonstrated, which avoided the migration of these dyes from bioresin to wet ribbing. Optimal results were obtained with hydrotalcite clay (calcined or not) by using surfactant and mordant before the natural dye, and before or after silane.

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Bhandari, Netra Lal, Basant Pokhrel, Upashana Bhandari, Sulakshana Bhattarai, Anil Devkota, and Ganesh Bhandari. "An overview of research on plant based natural dyes in Nepal: scope and challenges." Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources 3, no. 2 (October 30, 2020): 45–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/janr.v3i2.32328.

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The worldwide demand of natural dyes is of great interest due to the increased public awareness about the atmospheric and environmental pollution caused by the commercially available synthetic dyes. Nepal being wealthy in flora, would be fine research laboratory land for the plant based natural dyes. Among most of the natural dyes, plant-based dyes/pigments have wide range of applications in fabric, food, drug coloring, therapeutic values and also in solar cells in presence of different mordants. The use of mordant is inevitable during natural dyeing process in order to improve the fastness properties on fabrics, foods and drugs by forming a co-ordination complex with dye. In this article, a short overview of plant based natural dyes extraction applications and their scope and limitations will be discussed with special reference to Nepal. In the present review, the green methods of dye extraction, and dyeing technologies will be discussed, and the research fields based on natural dyes will be explored. Some of the natural dyes has also shown the antimicrobial, antioxidant, antifungal properties and hence are also discussed with biomedical applications.

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Chatragadda, Ramesh, and Laurent Dufossé. "Ecological and Biotechnological Aspects of Pigmented Microbes: A Way Forward in Development of Food and Pharmaceutical Grade Pigments." Microorganisms 9, no. 3 (March 18, 2021): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030637.

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Microbial pigments play multiple roles in the ecosystem construction, survival, and fitness of all kinds of organisms. Considerably, microbial (bacteria, fungi, yeast, and microalgae) pigments offer a wide array of food, drug, colorants, dyes, and imaging applications. In contrast to the natural pigments from microbes, synthetic colorants are widely used due to high production, high intensity, and low cost. Nevertheless, natural pigments are gaining more demand over synthetic pigments as synthetic pigments have demonstrated side effects on human health. Therefore, research on microbial pigments needs to be extended, explored, and exploited to find potential industrial applications. In this review, the evolutionary aspects, the spatial significance of important pigments, biomedical applications, research gaps, and future perspectives are detailed briefly. The pathogenic nature of some pigmented bacteria is also detailed for awareness and safe handling. In addition, pigments from macro-organisms are also discussed in some sections for comparison with microbes.

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Dolca, Cristina. "TEXTILES COLOURED WITH NATURAL DYES OF VEGETAL ORIGIN." Scientific Bulletin Series D : Mining, Mineral Processing, Non-Ferrous Metallurgy, Geology and Environmental Engineering 32, no. 2 (2018): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37193/sbsd.2018.2.09.

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Spontaneous flora offers a wide variety of plants with different types of tinctures, which can be used to obtain pleasing, harmonious, non-reproducible, wash-resistant and light-resistant colors. In each plant we find one or more pigments, from roots, grains, stems, twigs, flowers, fruits or wood. The colorant is extracted using various methods, from fresh or dried plants. The natural dye is fixed on the fibers by treating in different phases of the dyeing process with a mordant, resulting in a "resistant" and insoluble "varnish". During millenia, the human eye has discovered, through an empirical work. other means of dyeing textiles, finding natural sources of dyeing materials in plants, molluscs and insects. Painting natural fiber textiles with plant-based dyes is not complicated but requires patience in obtaining dye, patience that is rewarded with a variety of vivid, warm, persistent, incomparable palette of colors that are in harmony with each other!

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Çakmakçi, Emrah, Ozan Deveoglu, Ahmed Muhammed, Ali Fouad, Emine Torgan, and Recep Karadag. "HPLC-DAD analysis of Thymus serpyllum based natural pigments and investigation of their antimicrobial properties." Pigment & Resin Technology 43, no. 1 (December 20, 2013): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-07-2012-0045.

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Purpose – In this study, it was aimed to investigate the antibacterial properties of natural pigments prepared from Thymus serpyllum. Design/methodology/approach – Al (III), Fe (II), Sn (II) and Cu (II) complexed natural pigments were obtained by using a precipitation method and the main constituents in the pigments were identified with HPLC-DAD. Also FTIR analysis was performed for further structural characterization. Moreover, the thermal stability and thermal degradation properties of the pigments were analyzed by thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). The antimicrobial activity of the thyme plant-extracted pigments was evaluated by measuring the minimal inhibitory concentration. Findings – Apigenin and luteolin flavones were detected as the main components of the natural dyes. Thermal degradation behaviour of the pigments was determined by means of TGA. All pigments showed high char yields and it was attributed to the high complexation between the metal and the ligand species. The antimicrobial activity of the thyme plant-extracted pigments was measured and it was found that all pigments had high antimicrobial activity. Aluminum-thymus pigments showed the highest antimicrobial efficiency among other pigments used in this study. Originality/value – The obtained pigments have high antimicrobial activities, and therefore, they can be used for the production of antimicrobial textiles. Furthermore, Thymus-based natural pigments might have potential applications in coating, paint, plastic industries, etc.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Natural organic pigments and dyes'

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