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Journal articles on the topic 'Natural Pigmentation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Peng, Xueli, Yuning Ma, Chenxin Yan, et al. "Mechanism, Formulation, and Efficacy Evaluation of Natural Products for Skin Pigmentation Treatment." Pharmaceutics 16, no. 8 (2024): 1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16081022.

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Skin pigmentation typically arises from the excessive secretion and accumulation of melanin, resulting in a darker complexion compared to normal skin. Currently, the local application of chemical drugs is a first-line strategy for pigmentation disorders, but the safety and efficacy of drugs still cannot meet clinical treatment needs. For long-term and safe medication, researchers have paid attention to natural products with higher biocompatibility. This article begins by examining the pathogenesis and treatment approaches of skin pigmentation diseases and summarizes the research progress and m

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2

Rajpurohit, Subhash, Rani Richardson, John Dean, Raul Vazquez, Grace Wong, and Paul S. Schmidt. "Pigmentation and fitness trade-offs through the lens of artificial selection." Biology Letters 12, no. 10 (2016): 20160625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0625.

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Pigmentation is a classic phenotype that varies widely and adaptively in nature both within and among taxa. Genes underlying pigmentation phenotype are highly pleiotropic, creating the potential for functional trade-offs. However, the basic tenets of this trade-off hypothesis with respect to life-history traits have not been directly addressed. In natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster , the degree of melanin pigmentation covaries with fecundity and several other fitness traits. To examine correlations and potential trade-offs associated with variation in pigmentation, we selected repl

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Ryder, M. L. "The Natural Pigmentation of Animal Textile Fibres." Textile History 21, no. 2 (1990): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/004049690793711433.

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4

Lock-Andersen, J., and HC Wulf. "Seasonal variation of skin pigmentation." Acta Dermato-Venereologica 77, no. 3 (1997): 219–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/0001555577219221.

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We measured skin pigmentation by skin reflectance monthly from May 1992 to April 1993 in 36 healthy Caucasians. Pigmentation was measured at four UV-exposed sites at the forehead, the upper chest, the inside of the upper arm, and at the upper back. The pigmentation and UV sensitivity were simultaneously measured at UV-protected buttock skin. The results showed a considerable seasonal variation for skin pigmentation at the UV-exposed sites. Buttock skin had a pigmentation and UV sensitivity that varied only marginally. We recommend that measurements of genetically controlled skin pigmentation a

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Feng, Yuanqing, Michael A. McQuillan, and Sarah A. Tishkoff. "Evolutionary genetics of skin pigmentation in African populations." Human Molecular Genetics 30, R1 (2021): R88—R97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddab007.

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Abstract Skin color is a highly heritable human trait, and global variation in skin pigmentation has been shaped by natural selection, migration and admixture. Ethnically diverse African populations harbor extremely high levels of genetic and phenotypic diversity, and skin pigmentation varies widely across Africa. Recent genome-wide genetic studies of skin pigmentation in African populations have advanced our understanding of pigmentation biology and human evolutionary history. For example, novel roles in skin pigmentation for loci near MFSD12 and DDB1 have recently been identified in African

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Takahashi, Aya, Kuniaki Takahashi, Ryu Ueda, and Toshiyuki Takano-Shimizu. "Natural Variation ofebonyGene Controlling Thoracic Pigmentation inDrosophila melanogaster." Genetics 177, no. 2 (2007): 1233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.075283.

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Battistella, Claudia, Naneki C. McCallum, Karthikeyan Gnanasekaran, et al. "Mimicking Natural Human Hair Pigmentation with Synthetic Melanin." ACS Central Science 6, no. 7 (2020): 1179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.0c00068.

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8

Forkmann, Gert. "Control of pigmentation in natural and transgenic plants." Current Opinion in Biotechnology 4, no. 2 (1993): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0958-1669(93)90117-f.

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Lürig, Moritz D., and Blake Matthews. "Dietary-based developmental plasticity affects juvenile survival in an aquatic detritivore." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288, no. 1945 (2021): 20203136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.3136.

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Developmental plasticity is ubiquitous in natural populations, but the underlying causes and fitness consequences are poorly understood. For consumers, nutritional variation of juvenile diets is probably associated with plasticity in developmental rates, but little is known about how diet quality can affect phenotypic trajectories in ways that might influence survival to maturity and lifetime reproductive output. Here, we tested how the diet quality of a freshwater detritivorous isopod ( Asellus aquaticus ), in terms of elemental ratios of diet (i.e. carbon : nitrogen : phosphorus; C : N : P),

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10

Evitasari, Rachma Tia, and Gita Indah Budiarti. "Improving Stability of Anthocyanin Extracted from Ipomoea batatas by Co-pigmentation." Eksergi 19, no. 3 (2022): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.31315/e.v19i3.7660.

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Public awareness of the dangers of using synthetic dyes has started to boost the prestige of natural dyes. The limitation of natural dyes is one of the causes of the limited use of natural dyes commercially. This research utilized purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) as a source of anthocyanins. The purpose of this study was the stabilization of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato through the co-pigmentation process. The first stage is the extraction of natural anthocyanin dyes from purple sweet potatoes using the microwave-assisted method, then stabilization of anthocyanins through a co

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11

Liu, Fan, Linkai Qu, Hua Li, et al. "Advances in Biomedical Functions of Natural Whitening Substances in the Treatment of Skin Pigmentation Diseases." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 11 (2022): 2308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14112308.

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Pigmentation diseases can lead to significant color differences between the affected part and the normal part, resulting in severe psychological and emotional distress among patients. The treatment of pigmentation diseases with good patient compliance is mainly in the form of topical drugs. However, conventional hydroquinone therapy contributes to several pathological conditions, such as erythema, dryness, and skin desquamation, and requires a longer treatment time to show significant results. To address these shortcomings, natural whitening substances represented by kojic acid and arbutin hav

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12

Ringham, Lee, Andrew Owens, Mikolaj Cieslak, Lawrence D. Harder, and Przemyslaw Prusinkiewicz. "Modeling flower pigmentation patterns." ACM Transactions on Graphics 40, no. 6 (2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3478513.3480548.

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Although many simulation models of natural phenomena have been developed to date, little attention was given to a major contributor to the beauty of nature: the colorful patterns of flowers. We survey typical patterns and propose methods for simulating them inspired by the current understanding of the biology of floral patterning. The patterns are generated directly on geometric models of flowers, using different combinations of key mathematical models of morphogenesis: vascular patterning, positional information, reaction-diffusion, and random pattern generation. The integration of these mode

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13

Sahu, Anurag Aman, Saket Kulmitra, Rohit Baidh, Rishu Kumar, Harish Sharma, and Gyanesh Kumar Sahu. "A Comprehensive Review of Face Serums for Pigmentation: Ingredients, Mechanisms, and Efficacy." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 12 (2024): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem39510.

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Skin pigmentation disorders are a common cosmetic concern affecting individuals of all ages and ethnicities. Face serums have emerged as a potent solution due to their ability to deliver concentrated active ingredients effectively. This review explores the role of serums in treating pigmentation, focusing on their key ingredients, efficacy, and safety. Natural and chemical actives, such as vitamin C, kojic acid, and hydroquinone, have shown promising results in clinical studies. However, challenges such as skin sensitivity and formulation stability persist. The paper also highlights market tre

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Srushti, Phadtare* Sakshi Yadav Vansh Wagh Pradyna Yadav Shreya Yadav Sanket Wankhede. "Herbal Depigmentation Cream." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 5 (2025): 305–14. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15333304.

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Skin pigmentation disorders like hyperpigmentation, melasma, dark spots, and post-inflammatory pigmentation affect millions worldwide, often triggered by UV exposure, hormonal changes, inflammation, and aging. While conventional depigmenting agents like hydroquinone and kojic acid are effective, they can cause skin irritation and sensitivity, leading to a demand for safer alternatives. Herbal ingredients have gained attention for their natural skin-brightening and healing properties. Botanicals such as turmeric, aloe vera, licorice, alum, honey, vitamin E, glycerin, and rose water show po

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15

Bilandžija, Helena, Lindsey Abraham, Li Ma, Kenneth J. Renner, and William R. Jeffery. "Behavioural changes controlled by catecholaminergic systems explain recurrent loss of pigmentation in cavefish." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1878 (2018): 20180243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0243.

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Multiple cave populations of the teleost Astyanax mexicanus have repeatedly reduced or lost eye and body pigmentation during adaptation to dark caves. Albinism, the complete absence of melanin pigmentation, is controlled by loss-of-function mutations in the oca2 gene. The mutation is accompanied by an increase in the melanin synthesis precursor l -tyrosine, which is also a precursor for catecholamine synthesis. In this study, we show a relationship between pigmentation loss, enhanced catecholamine synthesis and responsiveness to anaesthesia, determined as a proxy for catecholamine-related beha

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Wadhwa, Renu, Ling Li, Rumani Singh, et al. "Modulation of Diacylglycerol-Induced Melanogenesis in Human Melanoma and Primary Melanocytes: Role of Stress Chaperone Mortalin." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 (April 14, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9848969.

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Skin color/pigmentation is regulated through melanogenesis process in specialized melanin-producing cells, melanocytes, involving multiple signaling pathways. It is highly influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as oxidative, ultraviolet radiations and other environmental stress conditions. Besides determining the color, it governs response and tolerance of skin to a variety of environmental stresses and pathological conditions including photodamage, hyperpigmentation, and skin cancer. Depigmenting reagents have been deemed useful not only for cosmetics but also for pigmentation-rel

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17

Zhang, Junpeng, Changxu Tian, Kecheng Zhu, et al. "Effects of Natural and Synthetic Astaxanthin on Growth, Body Color, and Transcriptome and Metabolome Profiles in the Leopard Coral Grouper (Plectropomus leopardus)." Animals 13, no. 7 (2023): 1252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13071252.

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Natural and synthetic astaxanthin can promote pigmentation in fish. In this study, the effects of dietary astaxanthin on growth and pigmentation were evaluated in leopard coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus). Fish were assigned to three groups: 0% astaxanthin (C), 0.02% natural astaxanthin (HP), and 0.02% synthetic astaxanthin (AS). Brightness (L*) was not influenced by astaxanthin. However, redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) were significantly higher for fish fed astaxanthin-containing diets than fish fed control diets and were significantly higher in the HP group than in the AS group. In a t

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18

R., Sushma, Anand Farias, Tushar Shivaji Khandagale, and Pronob Kumar Sanyal. "Use of heat cure clear acrylic as a permanent denture base material: a case report." Journal of Research in Dentistry 4, no. 3 (2017): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.19177/jrd.v4e3201686-89.

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Clear acrylic denture base material finds is use in the fabrication of implant guides, surgical stents, and guiding flanges in dentistry. Given its excellent transparent property, the material will show the original gingival pigmentation which mimics the natural gingiva. In this case report one such attempt was made to use the clear acrylic denture so as to reflect the patients’ original gingival pigmentation.

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19

Mazhitova, Aichurok T., Aidaikan M. Kasymakunova, and Nuzhet Turker. "Thermal stability enhancement of berry anthocyanins by co-pigmentation with extracts from natural sources." International Journal of Food Engineering 18, no. 7 (2022): 537–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijfe-2021-0260.

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Abstract The suitability of mandarin (MP), orange (OP) and pomegranate peel powders (PP) for co-pigmentation of dewberry, viburnum, red hawthorn, black hawthorn, and barberry anthocyanins was investigated. Spectrophotometric measurements indicated co-pigmentation causing both a hyperchromic effect (ΔABSmax = 5–13) and bathochromic shift (Δλ vis-max up to 13 nm). The degradation kinetics of anthocyanins were estimated at temperatures ranging from 70 to 90 °C. First-order reactions with rate constants of 0.45–2.93 min−1 and 0.30–2.00 min−1 were observed for the reference and PP co-pigmented samp

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20

Yim, Soon-Ho, Nadia Tabassum, Woong-Hee Kim та ін. "Isolation and Characterization of Isofraxidin 7-O-(6′-O-p-Coumaroyl)-β-glucopyranoside from Artemisia capillaris Thunberg: A Novel, Nontoxic Hyperpigmentation Agent That Is Effective In Vivo". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1401279.

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Abnormalities in skin pigmentation can produce disorders such as albinism or melasma. There is a research need to discover novel compounds that safely and effectively regulate pigmentation. To identify novel modulators of pigmentation, we attempted to purify compounds from a bioactive fraction of the Korean medicinal plant Artemisia capillaris Thunberg. The novel compound isofraxidin 7-O-(6′-O-p-coumaroyl)-β-glucopyranoside (compound 1) was isolated and its pigmentation activity was characterized in mammalian melanocytes. Compound 1 stimulated melanin accumulation and increased tyrosinase acti

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21

Kopp, Artyom, Rita M. Graze, Shizhong Xu, Sean B. Carroll, and Sergey V. Nuzhdin. "Quantitative Trait Loci Responsible for Variation in Sexually Dimorphic Traits in Drosophila melanogaster." Genetics 163, no. 2 (2003): 771–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/163.2.771.

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Abstract To understand the mechanisms of morphological evolution and species divergence, it is essential to elucidate the genetic basis of variation in natural populations. Sexually dimorphic characters, which evolve rapidly both within and among species, present attractive models for addressing these questions. In this report, we map quantitative trait loci (QTL) responsible for variation in sexually dimorphic traits (abdominal pigmentation and the number of ventral abdominal bristles and sex comb teeth) in a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster. To capture the pattern of genetic var

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22

Adeleye, O. O., E. T. Oginnie, and P. E. Otamere. "Influence of natural pigment sources on growth performance, live and post slaughter skin pigmentation, serum carotenoids and lipid profile of broiler chickens." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 45, no. 2 (2020): 165–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v45i2.537.

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Carotenoids are bioactive molecules synthesized in plants and are important in thedevelopment of hues in the skin and muscles of chickens, which influence consumerperception and consumption. The extent of absorption and assimilation of carotenoids from different plant-based pigment sources was explored in this study. One hundred and twentyeight day old broiler chicks were allotted to four treatments, four replicates of eight chicks each. Chicks were fed a starter diet for 21 days and thereafter grower-finisher diets containing one of moringa (Moringa oleifera), baobab (Adansonia digitata) leav

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Martínez-Ramírez, Jaaziel, David Puts, Javier Nieto, and Isaac G-Santoyo. "Effects of facial skin pigmentation on social judgments in a Mexican population." PLOS ONE 18, no. 11 (2023): e0279858. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279858.

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People quickly and involuntarily form impressions of others based on their facial physical attributes, which can modulate critical social interactions. Skin pigmentation is one of the most variable and conspicuous facial traits among human populations. Empirical evidence suggests that these variations reflect ancestral ecological selective pressures balancing cutaneous vitamin D synthesis with the protection of the dermis from ultraviolet radiation. Nevertheless, skin pigmentation may currently be subject to additional selective pressures. For instance, the colonial era in Central and South Am

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BARNI, SERGIO, VITTORIO BERTONE, ANNA CLETA CROCE, GIOVANNI BOTTIROLI, FRANCO BERNINI, and GIUSEPPE GERZELI. "Increase in liver pigmentation during natural hibernation in some amphibians." Journal of Anatomy 195, no. 1 (1999): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021878299004999.

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The amount/distribution of liver melanin in 3 amphibian species (Rana esculenta, Triturus a. apuanus, Triturus carnifex) was studied during 2 periods of the annual cycle (summer activity–winter hibernation) by light and electron microscopy, image analysis and microspectrofluorometry. The increase in liver pigmentation (melanin content) during winter appeared to be correlated with morphological and functional modifications in the hepatocytes, which at this period were characterised by a decrease in metabolic activity. These findings were interpreted according to the functional role (e.g. phagoc

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Chow, P. Y., S. Z. Gue, S. K. Leow, and L. B. Goh. "The bioefficacy of microemulsified natural pigments in egg yolk pigmentation." British Poultry Science 55, no. 3 (2014): 398–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2014.918583.

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BARNI, SERGIO, VITTORIO BERTONE, ANNA CLETA CROCE, GIOVANNI BOTTIROLI, FRANCO BERNINI, and GIUSEPPE GERZELI. "Increase in liver pigmentation during natural hibernation in some amphibians." Journal of Anatomy 195, no. 1 (1999): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-7580.1999.19510019.x.

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27

Castaneda, M. P., E. M. Hirschler, and A. R. Sams. "Skin pigmentation evaluation in broilers fed natural and synthetic pigments." Poultry Science 84, no. 1 (2005): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ps/84.1.143.

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28

Das, Aparup. "Abdominal pigmentation in Drosophila melanogaster females from natural Indian populations." Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 33, no. 2 (2009): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0469.1995.tb00213.x.

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Das, Aparup. "Abdominal pigmentation in Drosophila melanogaster females from natural Indian populations." Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 33, no. 3-4 (2009): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0469.1995.tb00960.x.

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Das, A. "Abdominal pigmentation in Drosophila melanogaster females from natural Indian populations." Journal of zoological systematics and evolutionary research 33 (June 5, 1995): 84–87. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10741342.

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31

Borloti, Ianna, Vinícius Pimenta, and Albert Ditchfield. "First record of pigmentation disorder in the Fringe-lipped Bat Trachops cirrhosus (Spix, 1823) (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from southeast Brazil." Biodiversity Data Journal 7 (August 28, 2019): e38304. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.7.e38304.

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Piebaldism is a genetic pigmentation disorder, which is caused by absence of melanocytes in parts of the skin and/or hair follicles, with eyes and claws normally pigmented. The occurrence of piebaldism in natural populations is rare and the effects on fitness are still unknown. This article reports the first case of pigmentation disorders in the Fringe-lipped Bat <i>Trachops cirrhosus</i> (Spix, 1823) (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) caught in Barra do Triunfo, city of João Neiva, northeastern state of Espírito Santo, southeast Brazil.

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Andrade, Pedro, and Miguel Carneiro. "Pterin-based pigmentation in animals." Biology Letters 17, no. 8 (2021): 20210221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2021.0221.

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Pterins are one of the major sources of bright coloration in animals. They are produced endogenously, participate in vital physiological processes and serve a variety of signalling functions. Despite their ubiquity in nature, pterin-based pigmentation has received little attention when compared to other major pigment classes. Here, we summarize major aspects relating to pterin pigmentation in animals, from its long history of research to recent genomic studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying its evolution. We argue that pterins have intermediate characteristics (endogenously produced, t

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Costa, Daniel Pereira da, Claudiana De Lima Castilho, Uclédia Roberta Alberto dos Santos, et al. "Effect of Dietary Carotenoids on Reproducers of Amazon River Prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum. Part 1: Metabolism, Morphometric / Zootechnical Indexes, Body Composition and Gametes." Journal of Agricultural Studies 9, no. 2 (2021): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v9i2.18156.

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The inclusion of natural extracts and solution of synthetic astaxanthin in the Macrobrachium amazonicum diet were tested to verify their effect on performance, body indexes and total accumulation of astaxanthin in the reproductive tissues and gametes of this crustacean in comparison with newly captured wild animals. The experiment was randomized in blocks (five treatments with three replicates). Four groups were submitted, during 20 days, to diets in recirculation tanks: control diet (CONT); diet containing natural extract of “buriti” (CAR); diet with inclusion of natural “urucum” extract (BIX

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Komal, R. Deshmukh¹* Komal R. Ghavate² Vaibhav S. Goud3 Harshada Palodkar4 Rupali Tasgoankar5. "Formulation And Evaluation Of Poly Herbal Scrub For Pigmentaion." International Journal in Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 3 (2024): 963–73. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10869288.

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Pigmentation disorders pose a significant cosmetic concern worldwide, prompting the development of various treatment modalities. Herbal remedies have gained attention due to their perceived safety and efficacy. This study explores the formulation and efficacy of a poly herbal scrub specifically designed for pigmentation reduction. The scrub incorporates a synergistic blend of botanical extracts known for their skin-lightening and exfoliating properties, including Orange peel powder, Nutmeg powder turmeric, potato juice and Honey. The formulation process involved optimizing the concentrations o

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McMahon, M. J., and J. W. Kelly. "CONTROL OF POINSETTIA GROWTH AND PIGMENTATION BY MANIPULATING LIGHT QUALITY." HortScience 25, no. 9 (1990): 1068a—1068. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1068a.

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Euphorbia pulcherrima `Glory' were grown under natural photoperiods from 5 Oct. to 20 Dec. in specially constructed growth chambers equipped with clear double-walled polycarbonate panels filled with liquids that served as spectral filters. The filters were a blue dye that increased far-red/red FR/R) light, a CuSO4 solution that decreased FR/R, and H2O (control) which did not alter FR/R from natural light. The FR/R values were 1.01, 0.86, and 0.34 for blue dye, H2O (natural), and CuSO4, respectively. FR and R were measured at 725-730 and 655-660nm, respectively.Plants grown under the CuSO4 filt

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Maqsood, Hira. "Disparity in Populace Phenotype Impels Predisposition to Variations in Health Status." Pakistan Journal of Public Health 11, no. 3 (2021): 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32413/pjph.v11i3.602.

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Background: The disparity in populace phenotype, embracing stature and pigmentation, drives of internal physiological constituent and adaptation to the external environment, impel variations in populace health status. The study tends to explore how significantly populaces phenotype influenced by internal or external exposures, and how effectually it prognosticates predisposition to variant health states. Methods: Ecological study encompassing twenty states residing on antipodes (North and South) endures distinct exposures, exhibit disparate phenotypes, execute different health status. Each Sta

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Dembeck, Lauren M., Wen Huang, Mary Anna Carbone, and Trudy F. C. Mackay. "Genetic basis of natural variation in body pigmentation in Drosophila melanogaster." Fly 9, no. 2 (2015): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19336934.2015.1102807.

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Taylor, Susan, and Heather Woolery-Lloyd. "Pigmentation Disorders in Skin of Color: The Role of Natural Substances." Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 27, no. 3 (2008): 14–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1085-5629(08)70007-5.

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Ross, R. S., R. J. Greig, and P. Convery. "Comparison of bending stiffness of six different colours of copolymer polypropylene." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 23, no. 1 (1999): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03093649909071613.

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This paper compares the bending stiffness of 5 different colours of copolymer polypropylene (CCP) with that of natural copolymer polypropylene (NCP). Flesh coloured and natural sheets are supplied thicker than other pigmented sheet. The bending stiffness of a specimen may be defined as EI, i.e. the product of E, Young's modulus of elasticity and I, the 2nd moment of area. Strips of “as supplied” (AS) and “post-draped” (PD) specimen were clamped and subjected to bending to assess the effect of pigmentation on bending characteristics. The gradient of the graph of bending deflection δ versus bend

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Durok, Anna, Sylwia Klasik-Ciszewska, and Marta Rogalska. "Active substances of natural origin with photoprotective effects." Aesthetic Cosmetology and Medicine 12, no. 2 (2023): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.52336/acm.2023.007.

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Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is harmful to the human body as it generates free radicals, accelerates the skin aging process, causes discoloration and leads to the cancer development. Year-round protection against these harmful actions is very important. In modern photoprotective cosmetics, there are both mineral and chemical filters. However, natural filters deserve more attention, as they are common ingredients in cosmetic products. The aim of the article was to present selected active substances of natural origin with sunscreen properties. Skin pigmentation, types of photoprotective ingredient

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Zaidi, Kamal Uddin, Sharique A. Ali, Ayesha Ali, and Ishrat Naaz. "Natural Tyrosinase Inhibitors: Role of Herbals in the Treatment of Hyperpigmentary Disorders." Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 19, no. 10 (2019): 796–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557519666190116101039.

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Cutaneous pigmentation plays critical role in determining the color of skin along with photo protection of skin from dreadful effects of ultraviolet radiations. Conversely, abnormal accumulation of melanin is responsible for hyper pigmentary disorders such as melasma, senile lentigines and freckles. Because of the visible nature of dermatologic diseases, they have a considerable psychosomatic effect on affected patients. Tyrosinase inhibitors are molecules that interrelate in some way with the enzyme to prevent it from working in the normal manner. Past many decades witnessed the quest for the

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Tasneem Husain, Gulafsha Kassab, Darakhshan Khan, and Sharique A Ali. "Insights into the treatment strategies for hypopigmentation disorders by natural herbs: current updates and future prospects." World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 12, no. 3 (2022): 183–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2022.12.3.0228.

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Skin pigmentation is a natural phenomenon that plays an important part in the appearance and biology of all animals, including humans. The process of melanogenesis, which results in the formation of the pigment melanin within melanocytes, determines skin colour. This process is controlled by both inherent and external factors. Tyrosinase catalyzes an essential step in melanogenesis; dysfunction of tyrosinase leads to reduce melanin synthesis which results in severe clinical and aesthetic problem of hypopigmentation disorders. Therefore, the key method in the management of aberrant skin pigment

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Tasneem, Husain, Kassab Gulafsha, Khan Darakhshan, and A. Ali Sharique. "Insights into the treatment strategies for hypopigmentation disorders by natural herbs: current updates and future prospects." World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 12, no. 3 (2022): 183–93. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7636372.

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Abstract:

Skin pigmentation is a natural phenomenon that plays an important part in the appearance and biology of all animals, including humans. The process of melanogenesis, which results in the formation of the pigment melanin within melanocytes, determines skin colour. This process is controlled by both inherent and external factors. Tyrosinase catalyzes an essential step in melanogenesis; dysfunction of tyrosinase leads to reduce melanin synthesis which results in severe clinical and aesthetic problem of hypopigmentation disorders. Therefore, the key method in the management of aberrant skin pigment

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Lee, Hwa-Young, and Kyung-Eun Kim. "The Effect of a Mask Pack Using Sprout Oats on Female Facial Skin." Journal of the Korean Society of Cosmetology 28, no. 5 (2022): 923–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.52660/jksc.2022.28.5.923.

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This study applied mask packs to the facial skin nine times and measured pores, pigmentation, wrinkles, and elasticity of the skin for about three weeks from June 12 through July 3, 2021, to verify the effect of sprout oats, a natural ingredient, on enhancing the facial skin of women. As a result of a clinical trial, there were effects on skin enhancement, including decreased pores, decreased pigmentation, decreased wrinkles, and increased elasticity after the use of a mask pack containing sprout oats, and statistically significant results were also identified. As for pore reduction, there was

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SAYLOR, W. W. "Evaluation of Mixed Natural Carotenoid Products as Xanthophyll Sources for Broiler Pigmentation." Poultry Science 65, no. 6 (1986): 1112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps.0651112.

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Sunaga, Saki, Noriyoshi Akiyama, Ryutaro Miyagi, and Aya Takahashi. "Factors underlying natural variation in body pigmentation of Drosophila melanogaster." Genes & Genetic Systems 91, no. 2 (2016): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1266/ggs.15-00061.

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Mullen, Lynne M., and Hopi E. Hoekstra. "NATURAL SELECTION ALONG AN ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENT: A CLASSIC CLINE IN MOUSE PIGMENTATION." Evolution 62, no. 7 (2008): 1555–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2008.00425.x.

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Frudakis, Tony, Matthew Thomas, Zach Gaskin, et al. "Sequences Associated With Human Iris Pigmentation." Genetics 165, no. 4 (2003): 2071–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/165.4.2071.

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Abstract To determine whether and how common polymorphisms are associated with natural distributions of iris colors, we surveyed 851 individuals of mainly European descent at 335 SNP loci in 13 pigmentation genes and 419 other SNPs distributed throughout the genome and known or thought to be informative for certain elements of population structure. We identified numerous SNPs, haplotypes, and diplotypes (diploid pairs of haplotypes) within the OCA2, MYO5A, TYRP1, AIM, DCT, and TYR genes and the CYP1A2-15q22-ter, CYP1B1-2p21, CYP2C8-10q23, CYP2C9-10q24, and MAOA-Xp11.4 regions as significantly

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Jouhar, Rizwan. "Assessing the role of skin complexion in determining tooth shade, and gingival pigmentation in dental aesthetics." Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 41, no. 5 (2025): 1292–98. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.5.11824.

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Background & Objective: Skin complexion and oral aesthetics significantly influence facial harmony and smile attractiveness. This study aimed to explore the relationship between skin tone, gingival pigmentation, and tooth shade to achieve natural and aesthetically pleasing dental outcomes. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Dental Clinic Complex of King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa from September 2024 to January 2025. A total of 261 participants of both genders, with good oral health and healthy central incisors for shade selection, were included. Skin com

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Louzada, Eliezer S., and Chandrika Ramadugu. "Grapefruit: History, Use, and Breeding." HortTechnology 31, no. 3 (2021): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04679-20.

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Grapefruit [Citrus ×aurantium (synonym C. ×paradisi)] is an important citrus commodity that originated in Barbados in the 17th century. Grapefruit is the youngest member of the genus Citrus. Most commercially important grapefruit cultivars arose through natural and induced mutations, not traditional breeding, of the white-fleshed and seedy Duncan grapefruit. Now, cultivars with a range of flesh colors exist; the pigmentation is correlated with lycopene content. A bud sport mutant of grapefruit discovered in Texas has a deep golden-colored flesh, significantly different from the typical reddish

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