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Journal articles on the topic 'Natural preference'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 December 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Jiang, Xin, Xin Li, Mingrui Wang, et al. "Multidimensional Visual Preferences and Sustainable Management of Heritage Canal Waterfront Landscape Based on Panoramic Image Interpretation." Land 14, no. 2 (2025): 220. https://doi.org/10.3390/land14020220.

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As an important type of linear cultural heritage and a waterfront landscape that integrates both artificial and natural elements, heritage canals provide the public with a multidimensional perceptual experience encompassing aesthetics, culture, and nature. There remains a lack of refined, micro-level studies on heritage canal landscapes from a multidimensional perspective of visual preference. This study focuses on a typical segment of the Grand Canal in China, specifically the ancient canal section in Yangzhou. We employed SegFormer image semantic segmentation techniques to interpret features

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Schutte, Nicola S., and John M. Malouff. "Preference for Complexity in Natural Landscape Scenes." Perceptual and Motor Skills 63, no. 1 (1986): 109–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1986.63.1.109.

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The authors examined the preferences of 7 men and 14 women for natural scenes high versus low in variety and number of elements and how this related to the number of constructs individuals use when interpreting natural scenes. Subjects showed a significant preference for scenes high in complexity. There was no relationship between the number of constructs used by an individual and whether the individual preferred scenes with a large number and variety of elements.

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Brafman, R. I., C. Domshlak, and S. E. Shimony. "On Graphical Modeling of Preference and Importance." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 25 (March 28, 2006): 389–424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.1895.

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In recent years, CP-nets have emerged as a useful tool for supporting preference elicitation, reasoning, and representation. CP-nets capture and support reasoning with qualitative conditional preference statements, statements that are relatively natural for users to express. In this paper, we extend the CP-nets formalism to handle another class of very natural qualitative statements one often uses in expressing preferences in daily life - statements of relative importance of attributes. The resulting formalism, TCP-nets, maintains the spirit of CP-nets, in that it remains focused on using only

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Cai, Xuecheng, and Zsombor Boromisza. "Public perceptions and aesthetic preferences of lakeshore landscape: the example of Lake Velence (Hungary)." Landscape & Environment 14, no. 2 (2020): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21120/le/14/2/3.

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Earlier, intervention programs and tourism development projects in the lakeside area of Lake Velence have led to the diversification of lakeshore landscape and shoreline. In the current study, we investigated the public aesthetic preferences of varying lakeshore landscapes, driving factors (which cause preference deviation and visual discomfort), and judgments of perceived beauty of 14 lakeshore scenes. The study also examined the differences in preferences of lakeshore landscapes between experts and waterfront residents. The results indicated that landscape characteristic and maintenance stat

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Kim, Inhea, Si Hyeon Kim, Hae An Kim, Jaesung Yun, and Kyoung Ok Choi. "Photo Zone Preference and Image Analysis for Invigorating Garden Tourism." Journal of People, Plants, and Environment 27, no. 6 (2024): 623–40. https://doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2024.27.6.623.

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Background and objective: Photo zones (PHZs) are important environmental factors in garden tourism. This study was conducted to evaluate PHZs that could contribute to the invigoration of garden tourism.Methods: After classifying PHZs into 16 types (6 natural types and 10 artificial types), a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data on the general perception of PHZs, preferences for different PHZ types, and images that affect preferences. The data were subject to descriptive analysis, frequency analysis, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis.Results: Regarding the intention

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Crespo-Cebada, Eva, Carlos Díaz-Caro, Rafael Robina-Ramírez, and M. Isabel Sánchez-Hernández. "Is Biodiversity a Relevant Attribute for Assessing Natural Parks? Evidence from Cornalvo Natural Park in Spain." Forests 11, no. 4 (2020): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11040410.

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The economic valuation of goods that do not have a market, like services offered by natural parks, provide a lot of information for the purpose of policy making on the conservation and protection of the natural environment, as well as for establishing park use strategies for potential park visitors. In this respect, this paper aims to analyse visitor preferences for Cornalvo Natural Park, which has been classed, since 1992, as a Site of Community Importance. To do this, we conducted an analysis adopting the choice experiment methodology to determine visitor preferences for a set of attributes.

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Guo, Linan, Weiming He, and Jiaxue Wang. "Disaster experience and resident risk preference: Evidence from China household finance survey." PLOS ONE 18, no. 11 (2023): e0295146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295146.

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China is one of the countries hardest hit by disasters. Disaster shocks not only cause a large number of casualties and property damage but also have an impact on the risk preference of those who experience it. Current research has not reached a consensus conclusion on the impact of risk preferences. This paper empirically analyzes the effects of natural and man-made disasters on residents’ risk preference based on the data of the China Household Financial Survey (CHFS) in 2019. The results indicate that: (1) Both natural and man-made disasters can significantly lead to an increase in the risk

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Dhamal, Swapnil, and Y. Narahari. "Scalable Preference Aggregation in Social Networks." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Human Computation and Crowdsourcing 1 (November 3, 2013): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/hcomp.v1i1.13074.

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In social choice theory, preference aggregation refers to computing an aggregate preference over a set of alternatives given individual preferences of all the agents. In real-world scenarios, it may not be feasible to gather preferences from all the agents. Moreover, determining the aggregate preference is computationally intensive. In this paper, we show that the aggregate preference of the agents in a social network can be computed efficiently and with sufficient accuracy using preferences elicited from a small subset of critical nodes in the network. Our methodology uses a model developed b

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Modarresi, Shirin, Bandhan Mukherjee, John H. McLean, Carolyn W. Harley, and Qi Yuan. "CaMKII mediates stimulus specificity in early odor preference learning in rats." Journal of Neurophysiology 116, no. 2 (2016): 404–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00176.2016.

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After naturalistic odor preference training, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) was rapidly phosphorylated in the olfactory bulb, specifically in the odor encoding regions of the glomerular layer and external plexiform layer. Intrabulbar CaMKII antagonist experiments revealed that CaMKII supports short- and long-term preference memory formation. With bulbar PKA activation as the unconditioned stimulus odor preferences could be induced despite CaMKII blockade, but now odor specificity was lost, with odor preference generalizing to an untrained odor. Odor-specific learning was

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Jackson, Robert R., Chan Deng, and Fiona R. Cross. "Convergence between a mosquito-eating predator's natural diet and its prey-choice behaviour." Royal Society Open Science 3, no. 12 (2016): 160584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160584.

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On the basis of 1115 records of Evarcha culicivora feeding in the field, we can characterize this East African jumping spider (Salticidae) as being distinctively stenophagic. We can also, on the basis of laboratory prey-choice experiments, characterize E . culicivora as having a specialized prey-classification system and a hierarchy of innate preferences for various categories of mosquitoes and other arthropods. Prey from the field belonged to 10 arthropod orders, but 94.5% of the prey records were dipterans. Mosquitoes were the dominant prey (80.2% of the records), with the majority (82.9%) o

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Meitner, Michael J., Ryan Gandy, and Robert G. D'Eon. "Human perceptions of forest fragmentation: Implications for natural disturbance management." Forestry Chronicle 81, no. 2 (2005): 256–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc81256-2.

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To test public perception and preference of forest fragmentation trends under current forest management practices, we solicited preferences for harvest patterns from 63 study participants before and after they were provided with educational material on the subject. In addition, we solicited preferences for harvest systems employing different retention patterns. Participants preferred harvest patterns tending away from small, dispersed harvest blocks (i.e., more fragmented) towards larger, more aggregated harvest blocks (i.e., less fragmented). This preference was more pronounced when participa

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Aks, Deborah J., and Julien C. Sprott. "Quantifying Aesthetic Preference for Chaotic Patterns." Empirical Studies of the Arts 14, no. 1 (1996): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/6v31-7m9r-t9l5-cdg9.

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Art and nature provide much of their aesthetic appeal from a balance of simplicity and complexity, and order and unpredictability. Recently, complex natural patterns have been produced by simple mathematical equations whose solutions appear unpredictable (chaotic). Yet the simplicity and determinism of the equations ensure a degree of order in the resulting patterns. The first experiment shows how aesthetic preferences correlate with the fractal dimension ( F) and the Lyapunov exponent ( L) of the patterns. F reflects the extent that space is filled and L represents the unpredictability of the

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Goodwin, B. C., M. Browne, and M. Rockloff. "Measuring Preference for Supernormal Over Natural Rewards." Evolutionary Psychology 13, no. 4 (2015): 147470491561391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474704915613914.

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Kobayashi, Naoharu, Kosuke Itoh, Kiyotaka Suzuki, Ingrid L. Kwee, and Tsutomu Nakada. "Natural preference in luminosity for frame composition." NeuroReport 18, no. 11 (2007): 1137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wnr.0b013e32821c57c8.

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Gilburn, André S., and Thomas H. Day. "The inheritance of female mating behaviour in the seaweed fly, Coelopa frigida." Genetical Research 64, no. 1 (1994): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001667230003250x.

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SummaryIn order to understand the evolution of female mate preferences it is important to determine whether the genes for the preference and those for the preferred character are linked. It has previously been shown that female preference in the seaweed fly, Coelopa frigida, varies with the αβ inversion system on chromosome I. This inversion system is known to genetically determine, at least in part, the male preferred character, large size. This study was undertaken to determine whether the genes determining mate preferences, as well as those determining female receptivity, co-inherit with th

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Xu, Jian, Muchun Li, Ziyang Gu, Yongle Xie, and Ningrui Jia. "Audio-Visual Preferences for the Exercise-Oriented Population in Urban Forest Parks in China." Forests 13, no. 6 (2022): 948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13060948.

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The purpose of this study is to explore the audio-visual preferences of exercisers in urban forest parks in China and to make practical suggestions for park landscape design. Taking Beigushan Forest Park in Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province as a case, based on field research and questionnaire survey, this study analyzed the audio-visual preference characteristics of exercisers in the park, revealed the correlation between audio-visual preference and exercisers’ behaviors and individual characteristics, and explored the influence of audio-visual preferences on exercise feelings by establishing

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Winarto, Winarto, and Siva Devi Azahra. "Karakteristik dan Preferensi Habitat Penyu dalam Membuat Sarang Alami untuk Peneluran." BIOEDUSAINS:Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains 5, no. 1 (2022): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/bioedusains.v5i1.3655.

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This study aims to examine the characteristics and environmental factors of turtles' preferences in making their natural nests. The method used is the descriptive quantitative method. The results showed that there were two types of turtles found during the observation, namely the green turtle (Chelonia mydas) and the hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata). Measurements and observations of the characteristics of the 14 nesting points showed that the diameter and depth of the green turtle's nest were larger than those of the hawksbill turtle. Both types of turtles have a preference for nestin

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Herzog, Walter, Johannes D. Hattula, and Darren W. Dahl. "Marketers Project Their Personal Preferences onto Consumers: Overcoming the Threat of Egocentric Decision Making." Journal of Marketing Research 58, no. 3 (2021): 456–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022243721998378.

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This research explores how marketers can avoid the so-called “false consensus effect”—the egocentric tendency to project personal preferences onto consumers. Two pilot studies show that most marketers have a surprisingly strong lay intuition about the existence of this inference bias, admit that they are frequently affected by it, and try to avoid it when predicting consumer preferences. Moreover, the pilot studies indicate that most marketers use a very natural and straightforward approach to avoid the false consensus effect in practice, that is, they simply try to “suppress” (i.e., ignore) t

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Boutilier, C., R. I. Brafman, C. Domshlak, H. H. Hoos, and D. Poole. "CP-nets: A Tool for Representing and Reasoning withConditional Ceteris Paribus Preference Statements." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 21 (February 1, 2004): 135–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.1234.

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Information about user preferences plays a key role in automated decision making. In many domains it is desirable to assess such preferences in a qualitative rather than quantitative way. In this paper, we propose a qualitative graphical representation of preferences that reflects conditional dependence and independence of preference statements under a ceteris paribus (all else being equal) interpretation. Such a representation is often compact and arguably quite natural in many circumstances. We provide a formal semantics for this model, and describe how the structure of the network can be ex

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Dai, Chenyang, Sreetheran Maruthaveeran, Mohd Fairuz Shahidan, and Yichun Chu. "Landscape Preference Evaluation of Old Residential Neighbourhoods: A Case Study in Shi Jiazhuang, Hebei Province, China." Forests 14, no. 2 (2023): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14020375.

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Landscape preference and cognition are essential in determining the external environment’s subjective reflections. Although much research has been conducted on landscape preferences, there is still a lack of information on landscape perceptions and preferences among residents of disadvantaged neighbourhoods, especially in Chinese cities. Taking old residential neighbourhoods of Shijiazhuang as an example, this paper used a large-scale questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews to determine the landscape preference of the residents of old residential neighbourhoods for the community gr

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Seneviratne, Sampath S., H. Chandrika Fernando, and Preethi V. Udagama-Randeniya. "Host specificity in bat ectoparasites: A natural experiment." International Journal for Parasitology 39, no. 9 (2009): 995–1002. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14817903.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) We undertook a field study to determine patterns of specialisation of ectoparasites in cave-dwelling bats in Sri Lanka. The hypothesis tested was that strict host specificity (monoxeny) could evolve through the development of differential species preferences through association with the different host groups. Three species of cave-dwelling bats were chosen to represent a wide range of host–parasite associations (monoxeny to polyxeny), and both sympatric and allopatric roosting assemblages. Of the eight caves selected, six caves were ''allopatr

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Kim, Dokyeong, Songmi Lee, and Jongkwan Ryu. "Emotional response to natural and artificial sound and indoor sound scape in residential space." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 268, no. 1 (2023): 7135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2023_1068.

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The demand for effective ways to alleviate stress caused by residential noise is growing. To better understand individual preferences and strategies for reducing noise-induced stress, a laboratory experiment was conducted to classify emotional responses to natural and artificial sounds according to individual characteristics. The survey consisted of two sessions conducted after collecting individual characteristics from participants. Session 1 evaluated preference for sound sources and emotional responses to sound presented from headphone and woofer by using the self-assessment manikin (SAM).

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Dewi, Helianthi, and Firda Nur Maulida. "ORIENTASI PREFERENSI PENGUNJUNG TERHADAP SUBJEK INTERPRETASI ALAM DI TAMAN WISATA ALAM GUNUNG PAPANDAYAN." Jurnal Sains Terapan 12, Khusus (2022): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jstsv.12.khusus.67-80.

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AAn orientation study of visitor preferences is important to consider policies that must be taken by area managers regarding the development of interpretation programs. This study aims to analyze preferences among visitor segmentation on the attractiveness of interpretation subjects and analyze interpretation subjects that are considered important by visitors. The research was conducted by distributing questionnaires regarding preferences for the subject of fauna, flora, and natural phenomena to visitors. The segmentation of visitor preferences was analyzed using cluster analysis, namely group

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Ito, Saki, and Kei Murata. "Exogenous Shock, Time Preference, and Utility Curvature." Global Business & Economics Anthology I&II, no. 2024 (2024): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.47341/gbea.241212.

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This paper analyzes the interaction between change in time preference caused by exogenous shock and utility curvature using a model of behavioral economics. Time preference is an important factor for determining individuals’ intertemporal choices in their daily lives. In traditional economics, individuals’ time discount rates have been assumed to be constant over their lives. However, behavioral economists point out that some individuals follow a hyperbolic discounting rate. Especially, recent some empirical studies reveal that individual’s preferences change through exogenous shocks such as n

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HSIEH, CHIH HSUN. "HEURISTIC OPTIMIZATION OF NATURAL PRODUCTION INVENTORY MODELS WITH THE PREFERENCE OF A DECISION MAKER." New Mathematics and Natural Computation 04, no. 02 (2008): 251–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793005708001057.

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In this paper, two natural production inventory models based on fuzzy total production inventory cost with the preference of a decision maker are introduced, and combined by natural number parameters in which values are linguistic values in natural language, crisp real number variables, and fuzzy number variables. These are the one natural production inventory model for crisp production quantity, and the other natural production inventory model for fuzzy production quantity. The natural arithmetical operations of both natural numbers and fuzzy numbers by Function Principle are used to compute

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Gu, Yulei, Wenqiang Chen, and Haiping Liu. "Experimental Study on the Risk Preference Characteristics of Members in Supply Chain Emergencies." Applied Sciences 13, no. 14 (2023): 8188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13148188.

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Since risk preference affects the behavior of decision makers, the study of its characteristics and impact on decision-making contributes to good planning for emergency coordination. The consistency of a member’s risk preferences in the conventional risk field and emergencies of a supply chain was analyzed by applying the prospect theory and adapting the domain-specific risk-taking (DOSPERT) scale. The influence of time pressure on the risk preferences and decision-making behaviors of members was studied in the emergency field and its sub-emergencies of a supply chain. The conclusions were dra

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Barton, N. H., and M. Turelli. "Natural and sexual selection on many loci." Genetics 127, no. 1 (1991): 229–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/127.1.229.

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Abstract A method is developed that describes the effects on an arbitrary number of autosomal loci of selection on haploid and diploid stages, of nonrandom mating between haploid individuals, and of recombination. We provide exact recursions for the dynamics of allele frequencies and linkage disequilibria (nonrandom associations of alleles across loci). When selection is weak relative to recombination, our recursions provide simple approximations for the linkage disequilibria among arbitrary combinations of loci. We show how previous models of sex-independent natural selection on diploids, ass

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Morris, Melanie, Luciana Giorgio, and Carmela Alcántara. "177 The Relationship between Language Preference and Sleep Aid Utilization among Spanish and English-speaking Latinx Adults." Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (2021): A72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.176.

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Abstract Introduction Studies have found positive associations between acculturation and self-reported sleep disturbances among Latinx adults, however whether acculturation-related factors influence treatment preferences for sleep disturbances remain underexplored. This study examines the relationship between language preference, an indicator of acculturation, and various types of sleep aid use among Latinx adults. Methods Using cross-sectional screener survey data from the LAtino Sleep and Health Study (N=739) of Latinx adults living in NYC, we conducted logistic regression analyses to examin

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Trejo-Meléndez, Víctor, and Jorge Contreras-Garduño. "To live free or being a parasite: The optimal foraging behavior may favor the evolution of entomopathogenic nematodes." PLOS ONE 19, no. 3 (2024): e0298400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0298400.

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Facultative parasites can alternate between a free-living and a parasitic existence to complete their life cycle. Yet, it remains uncertain which lifestyle they prefer. The optimal foraging theory suggests that food preferences align with fitness benefits. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the facultative parasite nematode Rhabditis regina, assessing its host preference and the associated benefits. Two experiments were conducted using wild nematode populations collected from Phyllophaga polyphylla, their natural host. In the first experiment, we used a behavioral arena to assess host pr

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Mao, Linqing, Hongyu Hou, Ziting Xia, and Xin Zhang. "Soundscape Preferences and Cultural Ecosystem Services in the Grand Canal National Cultural Park: A Case Study of Tongzhou Forest Park." Buildings 15, no. 13 (2025): 2360. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15132360.

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As research on national cultural parks advances, the significance of conducting multi-dimensional perception evaluations of their cultural ecosystem services (CESs) becomes increasingly apparent. This study examines the eight dimensions of CESs within the Grand Canal National Cultural Park from the perspective of soundscape preference. Using Tongzhou Grand Canal Forest Park as a case study, five categories of soundscapes comprising 19 sound sources were identified through the analysis of online textual data. This study then collected public preferences and perceptions of these five soundscapes

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Yue, X., E. A. Vessel, and I. Biederman. "The neural basis of preference for natural scenes." Journal of Vision 6, no. 6 (2010): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/6.6.474.

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Robson, Arthur J., and Balázs Szentes. "Evolution of Time Preference by Natural Selection: Comment." American Economic Review 98, no. 3 (2008): 1178–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.98.3.1178.

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We reexamine Alan R. Rogers' (1994) analysis of the biological basis of the rate of time preference. Although his basic insight concerning the derivation of the utility function holds up, the functional form he uses does not generate equilibrium evolutionary behavior. Moreover, Rogers relies upon an interior solution for a particular kind of intergenerational transfer. We show such interior solutions need not generally arise. Hence Rogers most striking prediction, namely that the real interest rate should be about 2 percent per annum, does not follow. (JEL D11, D91)

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Rowe, David C. "Preference for mates: Cultural choice or natural desire?" Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12, no. 1 (1989): 30–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00024183.

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Graham, Daniel, Bianca Schwarz, Anjan Chatterjee, and Helmut Leder. "Preference for luminance histogram regularities in natural scenes." Vision Research 120 (March 2016): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2015.03.018.

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Haans, Antal. "The natural preference in people's appraisal of light." Journal of Environmental Psychology 39 (September 2014): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2014.04.001.

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Ahn, Daechul, Yura Choi, San Kim, Youngjae Yu, Dongyeop Kang, and Jonghyun Choi. "ISR-DPO: Aligning Large Multimodal Models for Videos by Iterative Self-Retrospective DPO." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 39, no. 2 (2025): 1728–36. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v39i2.32166.

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Iterative self-improvement, a concept extending beyond personal growth, has found powerful applications in machine learning, particularly in transforming weak models into strong ones. While recent advances in natural language processing have shown its efficacy through iterative preference optimization, applying this approach to Video Large Multimodal Models (VLMMs) remains challenging due to modality misalignment. VLMMs struggle with this misalignment during iterative preference modeling, as the self-judge model often prioritizes linguistic knowledge over visual information. Additionally, iter

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Deghaies, Kaies, Caroline Martin, Pierre Touzard, et al. "The effect of natural preferences on serving biomechanics: a new approach to the motor skills of tennis players." ITF Coaching & Sport Science Review 29, no. 84 (2021): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52383/itfcoaching.v29i84.201.

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Research has demonstrated the existence of two 'natural preference' profiles in running. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of the natural preferences of ground (with a "posterior and flexion" movement) and air (with an "anterior and extension" movement) on the ball speed and impact position during the service of 19 professional players. The results allow to propose a new reading grid of the service technique to consider the preferential motricity of each player while respecting the biomechanical principles

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Haret, Adrian, and Johannes Peter Wallner. "An Axiomatic Approach to Revising Preferences." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 36, no. 5 (2022): 5676–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i5.20509.

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We study a model of preference revision in which a prior preference over a set of alternatives is adjusted in order to accommodate input from an authoritative source, while maintaining certain structural constraints (e.g., transitivity, completeness), and without giving up more information than strictly necessary. We analyze this model under two aspects: the first allows us to capture natural distance-based operators, at the cost of a mismatch between the input and output formats of the revision operator. Requiring the input and output to be aligned yields a second type of operator, which we c

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Singer, Michael C. "Preference Provides a Plethora of Problems (Don't Panic)." Annual Review of Entomology 66, no. 1 (2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-022720-061725.

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This review was solicited as an autobiography. The “problems” in my title have two meanings. First, they were professional difficulties caused by my decision to study oviposition preferences of butterflies that were not susceptible to traditional preference-testing designs. Until I provided video, my claim that the butterflies duplicate natural post-alighting host-assessment behavior when placed on hosts by hand was not credible, and the preference-testing technique that I had developed elicited skepticism, anger, and derision. The second meaning of “problems” is scientific. Insect preference

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Han, Myung-Ho, Mun-Ki Joo, Jeong-Tai Kim, and Yang-Ki Oh. "Seasonal Preferences and Interactions of Visual/ Auditory Elements of Streetscape in Namwon City, Korea." Indoor and Built Environment 20, no. 1 (2011): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x10394481.

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This study investigated the seasonal preference for visual and auditory elements of streetscape of Korean citizen, and examined the interaction of these elements in different seasons. According to an environmental psychological approach called the caption evaluation method, 45 college students examined the streetscape of Namwon City in North Jeolla Province in different periods of the four seasons. There was interaction between the visual as well as auditory elements of streetscape and with seasons. In spring, summer and autumn, visual preference for natural elements was the highest while visu

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Baldin de Lacerda, Naylil Liria, João Batista Sarmento dos Santos-Neto, and Carolina Lino Martins. "MCDM Model for Natural Gas Pressure Reducing Station Site Selection." International Journal of Decision Support System Technology 13, no. 1 (2021): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdsst.2021010104.

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Considering the increasing scenario of natural gas consumption, it is necessary that all agents in the chain use methods that structure decision-making and problem-solving processes. This paper proposes a multicriteria decision model to solve a site selection problem for a pressure reducing station. A natural gas distribution company was selected to test the model and the preference modeling was conducted through the flexible interactive tradeoff (FITradeoff) approach, according to the preferences of the decision maker (DM). FITradeoff's decision support system was used to assess the alternati

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Głąbska, Dominika, Dominika Skolmowska, and Dominika Guzek. "Food Preferences and Food Choice Determinants in a Polish Adolescents’ COVID-19 Experience (PLACE-19) Study." Nutrients 13, no. 8 (2021): 2491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13082491.

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Food preferences are within the most important determinants of food choices; however, little is known about their complex associations, and no studies were conducted in the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the study was to analyze the association between food preferences and food choice determinants in adolescents aged 15–20 years within the Polish Adolescents’ COVID-19 Experience (PLACE-19) Study. The PLACE-19 Study included a random quota sampling conducted in the whole of Poland and covered a population-based sample of 2448 secondary school students. The food preferences were ass

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Hindell, MA, and AK Lee. "Tree Use by Individual Koalas in a Natural Forest." Wildlife Research 15, no. 1 (1988): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9880001.

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The home ranges and species of trees used by 20 koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) were determined in a forest in Victoria containing 6 Eucalyptus spp. Eight animals showed a preference for a tree species from those available within their home ranges. Four koalas preferred E. viminalis, 2 E. ovata and 2 E. macrorhyncha. Preference for tree species was detected only where the preferred species was in low abundance within the animal's home range. These observations confirm that koalas may show individual differences in the species of food trees they prefer. E. viminalis, the preferred species of th

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Allen, Justine J., Lydia M. Mäthger, Alexandra Barbosa, et al. "Cuttlefish dynamic camouflage: responses to substrate choice and integration of multiple visual cues." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277, no. 1684 (2009): 1031–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.1694.

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Prey camouflage is an evolutionary response to predation pressure. Cephalopods have extensive camouflage capabilities and studying them can offer insight into effective camouflage design. Here, we examine whether cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis , show substrate or camouflage pattern preferences. In the first two experiments, cuttlefish were presented with a choice between different artificial substrates or between different natural substrates. First, the ability of cuttlefish to show substrate preference on artificial and natural substrates was established. Next, cuttlefish were offered substrat

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Shayestefar, Marjan, Mahdieh Pazhouhanfar, Clarine van Oel, and Patrik Grahn. "Exploring the Influence of the Visual Attributes of Kaplan’s Preference Matrix in the Assessment of Urban Parks: A Discrete Choice Analysis." Sustainability 14, no. 12 (2022): 7357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127357.

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A significant majority of the literature on natural environments and urban green spaces justifies the preferences that people have for natural environments using four predictors defined by Kaplan’s preference matrix theory, namely coherence, legibility, complexity, and mystery. However, there are no studies implicitly focusing on the visual attributes assigned to each of these four predictors. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the influence of nine visual attributes derived from the four predictors of Kaplan’s matrix on people’s preferences in the context of urban parks. A discrete ch

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Beckers, Oliver M., and Johannes Schul. "Geographic Variation in Signal Preferences in the Tropical Katydid Neoconocephalus triops." Biology 13, no. 12 (2024): 1026. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13121026.

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In communication systems, the signal and preference for the signal have to match, limiting phenotypic variation. Yet, communication systems evolve, but the mechanisms of how phenotypic variation can come into existence while not disrupting the match are poorly understood. Geographic variation in communication can provide insights into the diversification of these systems. Females of the katydid Neoconocephalus triops use the pulse rate and call structure for call recognition. Using behavioral experiments, we determined preferences for pulse rate at two relevant ambient temperatures and prefere

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ALESKEROV, FUAD T., and VYACHESLAV V. CHISTYAKOV. "THE THRESHOLD DECISION MAKING EFFECTUATED BY THE ENUMERATING PREFERENCE FUNCTION." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 12, no. 06 (2013): 1201–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021962201350034x.

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Based on the leximin and leximax preferences, we consider two threshold preference relations on the set X of alternatives, each of which is characterized by an n-dimensional vector (n ≥ 2) with integer components varying between 1 and m(m ≥ 2). We determine explicitly in terms of binomial coefficients the unique utility function for each of the two relations, which in addition maps X onto the natural 'interval' [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the quotient set of X with respect to the indifference relation I on X induced by the threshold preference. This permits us to evaluate

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Amaral, Inês M., Cristina Lemos, Isabella Cera, Georg Dechant, Alex Hofer, and Rana El Rawas. "Involvement of cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase in the Nucleus Accumbens in Cocaine Versus Social Interaction Reward." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 1 (2020): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010345.

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Evidence suggests that PKA activity in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays an essential role in reward-related learning. In this study, we investigated whether PKA is differentially involved in the expression of learning produced by either natural reinforcers or psychostimulants. For that purpose, we inhibited PKA through a bilateral infusion of Rp-cAMPS, a specific PKA inhibitor, directly into the NAc. The effects of PKA inhibition in the NAc on the expression of concurrent conditioned place preference (CPP) for cocaine (drug) and social interaction (natural reward) in rats were evaluated. We f

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Di Cristofaro, Marco, Lorenzo Sallustio, Tommaso Sitzia, Marco Marchetti, and Bruno Lasserre. "Landscape Preference for Trees Outside Forests along an Urban–Rural–Natural Gradient." Forests 11, no. 7 (2020): 728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11070728.

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In densely populated areas, essential sources of ecosystem services are represented by green infrastructure, which includes trees outside forests (TOF) that, regardless of their cover extension, are found on agricultural or urban land. This research aims to assess landscape preference for TOF along an urban-rural-natural gradient in relation to different levels of landscape heterogeneity. Analyses are based on the integration of a visual choice experiment (360 respondents) with a GIS-based landscape analysis at regional scale in a Mediterranean region in Central Italy. Main findings revealed t

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Andrich, David, and Guanzhong Luo. "A Law of Comparative Preference: Distinctions Between Models of Personal Preference and Impersonal Judgment in Pair Comparison Designs." Applied Psychological Measurement 43, no. 3 (2017): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146621617738014.

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The pair comparison design for distinguishing between stimuli located on the same natural or hypothesized linear continuum is used both when the response is a personal preference and when it is an impersonal judgment. Appropriate models which complement the different responses have been proposed. However, the models most appropriate for impersonal judgments have also been described as modeling choice, which may imply personal preference. This leads to potential confusion in interpretation of scale estimates of the stimuli, in particular whether they reflect a substantive order on the variable

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