Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Naturalisme (mouvement littéraire) – Au théâtre'
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Ruset, Séverine. "Au-delà du naturalisme : les métamorphoses de l'espace et du temps dans les dramaturgies anglaises contemporaines." Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030128.
Full textThe naturalistic tradition is deeply rooted in English contemporary theatre, where numerous writers – anxious not to impede the clarity and the relevance of the critical examination to which they subject the problems of their time – attempt to reproduce scrupulously the reality they observe. Others choose on the other hand to distort and remould it. They create strange, heterogeneous and mobile space-times ; not to offer the audience an escape, but rather to energise the relationship between the fictional world and the real world. Our thesis investigates the forms and stakes involved in the metamorphosis of space and time in English contemporary drama. Through a corpus of seventeen plays written after 1968, we examine how the renewal of space and time structures undertaken by some writers influences the representation of reality and the spectatorial experience. Hence the treatment of time appears as a determining factor. Contrary to the naturalistic chronotope, which gives priority to space, the free forms which come under our scrutiny have made time the variable of the theatrical equation
Macke, Jean-Sébastien. "Emile Zola - Alfred Bruneau : pour un théâtre lyrique naturaliste." Reims, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REIML002.
Full textComposer Alfred Bruneau was one of the most popular musicians in the late 19th century. It is with its meeting with Emile Zola that it owes its first success, in 1891, with le Rêve. He then produced several lyric dramas inspired by the novelist's works. Emile Zola got interested in this artistic process and strated writing books for Alfred Bruneau. This fruitful association left quite a surprising literary corpus which alows us a new reading of Emile Zoal's works. Naturalistic opera house also emerged with its own codes and theoric bias. Lyric naturalism was thus in the foreground until 1907 and deeply changed the french and european musical world. An original documentation was needed to study this relatively unknown part of Emile Zola 's works. Therefore the rich collections kept by Alfred Bruneau were used a lot correspondences, private letters, original notes and manuscripts. . . The meticulous investigation of these documents give new and essential material to 19th century literature and music specialists
Pelosse, Renate. "Le Théâtre de Strindberg en Allemagne entre 1890 et 1912." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040246.
Full textLeading figure of the modern theatre, August Strindberg combines a tremendous dramatic creativity with a constant attachment to the theatre of his time and with a remarkable diversification in the aesthetic expression. Situated in the social and historical background of Germany between 1890 and 1912, the theatre of Strindberg was influenced by the culturel climate of the wilhelm period and faced to new ideas, such as naturalism and neo-romantism. Therefore Strindberg became the witness of the history of the German theatre. By the controversies he raises (audience and critics) and the problems arising from the realization of his plays (directors and actors), he reveals us the contradiction of the German cultural system: censorship, court and commercial theatres as opposed to marginal theatres, travelling companies, cabarets and dramatic associations. His plays underline also the slow evolution of theatrical aesthetics illustrated by Otto Brahm, Max Reinhardt and Georg Fuchs. The part played by Strindberg as an inventor and a practitioner of the stage (projection equipment, scenery, "intimate theatre", "dreamplay stage") as well as the integration of his ideas in the revival of the German theatre, are particularly studied in this thesis
Einman, Maria. "Lector in drama. Les enjeux fictionnels et imaginaires du suicide dans le théâtre français du XIXe siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA048/document.
Full textThis study examines the reading of drama texts as the reading of fictional texts, aiming to broaden the current approach according to which the reading of drama texts is mainly limited to text analysis. This question is examined in the light of the issue of suicide in 19th-century French drama. The principal aim of this study is therefore to understand the impact of the character’s suicide on the reader via the detailed analysis of the ins and outs of the suicidal act. The study applies Vincent Jouve’s concept of the virtual reader, who is defined as an implicit and atemporal recipient of the text effects. This reader emerges in a fictional world that is supported by an operative device (dispositif) based on the Lacanian triptych of the Real, the Symbolic and the Imaginary.The dissertation consists of five chapters. The theoretical discussion is followed by four chapters that deal, respectively, with melodrama, romantic drama, naturalist drama, and symbolist drama. In addition to the effect of the fictional suicide on the reader (which is systematically connected to the catharsis), the evolution of theatrical genres and forms is explored from the perspective of “virtual” reading. Thereby, the reading of 19th-century French drama could be viewed as a journey from the optimistic certainty of melodrama to the tragic indeterminacy of symbolist drama, from actual to probable suicides, from “sorrowful” catharsis to anticatharsis
Mahmoud, Nidhal. "Lucien Descaves au miroir de son œuvre : des sillons naturalistes aux idéaux libertaires." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040096.
Full textLucien Descaves was hardly ever republished and is rarely represented in public archives. He is the perfect example of the unsung writer, confined to a reductive image which doesn’t reflect the richness and diversity of his work. He had a long and important career as a journalist, a novelist, a dramatist and a member of the Goncourt Academy; however, literary history only teaches us about his early days as a naturalist and about the tumultuous trial that took place when his novel Sous-Offs was published, which helped to make him famous for a while. It is an indisputable fact that Descaves, in his beginnings, remained under the influence of Zola and that the Sous-Offs trial remains an important moment of the history of the intellectuals mobilization in France. Nevertheless, it seems unfair to reduce the life and work of Lucien Descaves to the 1880-1890 decade, since he was very committed to the literary life of his time, to active journalism and to social comedy. This thesis precisely tries to address such an injustice. We have been studying both the genetic and thematic aspects of the intellectual career of Lucien Descaves in order to identify the various causes he tried to stand up for as an active author, journalist and academician. The key notions of “naturalism” and “libertarian”, which appear in the subtitle, underline the development of a progressive conversion which is the outcome of our study
Prioux, Virginie. "Naturalisme français et naturalisme espagnol : esthétiques croisées." Tours, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUR2003.
Full textFrom the 1880s, after Zola’s success on publishing The Experimental Novel, Spanish authors such as E. Pardo Bazán, B. Pérez Galdós or L. Alas, also known as Clarín, started showing a keen interest for naturalism. They published their own literary theories, acclaiming that new way of writing while keeping a certain distance from their model. It is crucial to stress upon the gap between the willingness to embrace modernity and the rejection of overly pessimistic and sometimes immoral novels. Spanish literature at the end of 19th century was therefore at a crossroad between modern aesthetic and the remembrance of the Spanish Golden Age. Midway between legacy from the past and modernity, the Spanish novel turned into a genuine identity statement of a country so roughly badly treated by History. Thanks to literature, following the French model but while definitely maintaining its specificity, Spain entered modernity for the very first time
Boudier, Marion. "La représentation du monde sans jugement : Réalisme et neutralité dans la dramaturgie moderne et contemporaine." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENSL0796.
Full textPrejudice-free depictions of the world are the aim both of reality and of any neutral approach. They bring together works of art that show the world without inducing any commentary while exposing our opinions in all representations. We will hypothesise the concept of “neutral realism” to analyse the strategies used by dramatic arts to produce suspension of meaning. We question the existence of a tradition of dramatic authors – ranging from Tchekhov’s “clinical theater” to Brecht’s “critical theater” – that lead spectators to what Barthes termed the “astonishment upon discovering a trial-free world”. We will weigh such prejudice-free representations of the world against documentary drama and against Brecht’s critical realism. Such a comparison will evidence a paradigm shift where an explicit, committed type of modelling seems to give way to a more open interpretative experience. From Horváth to daily-life authors and to Fleisser, Adamov, Kroetz and other contemporary re-inventors of “quasi- documentary-style” drama, the question can be thus articulated: how do such illustrative aesthetics succeed in circumventing both merely superficial symptomatology of the world and the misunderstandings that might arise from the decision of leaving the viewer to judge the work on their own? The answer to the question guides our analysis of the dramatic arts’ decentering of realism, through which another vision of the responsibility of the dramatic author emerges, as well as a new take on the political nature of a neutral approach. The works and reflections of M.Vinaver, O. Hirata, J. Pommerat and L. Norén evidence four aspects of this “neutral realism”, ranging from the cancellation of meaning to multifaceted meaning and to troubled, disconnected or awed spectators
Guerrero-Alburquenque, Isabel. "Le naturalisme français dans la prose chilienne à la fin du XIXème siècle et au début du XXème siècle." Bordeaux 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR30058.
Full textBedert-Lauprêtre, Danièle. "Le péritexte chez les romanciers naturalistes : topologie littéraire et typographie textuelle." Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030135.
Full textThe technical progresses of the middle and the end of the 19th century, the evolution of the historical and social context have modified the conception of the book who became an object. The advent of the competition in the book market obliged writers and editors to adopt a real strategy. The different elements who play an important role in the conversion of a text into a book, the "peritext" change from an edition to an other and is a part of the strategy. At the fragile limit between text and "out of text", the "peritext" can be use by the writers to present their intentions of writing, to answer the critic, to affirmate their support to the naturalist mouvement or their desire to break off whit him. At once signal and sign, the "peritext" can be a demarcating elemant very significant the reader. Studying the use of the "peritext" by a literary group confirm the existence of networks that influence, in the naturalist mouvement, at once the writing and the reading of the texts
Lochard, Yves. "Le discours sur la pauvreté dans le roman réaliste et naturaliste (1850-1914)." Paris 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA030009.
Full textIn the second half of the nineteenth century, social questions were taken into account in both politics and literature. They generated numerous social inquiries, essays and pamphlets which formed the background to novel writing at a time when popular themes were being recognized by serious literature. Essays, pamphlets and social inquiries form a discursive configuration which nurtures the realist and naturalist novel. With this constant dialogic interaction between social writings and novels as a backdrop, the actors of the charitable relationship can be listed in a paradigmatic perspective. They include the benefactors and the poor, but also the institutions which operate as collective actants. The mutations which affect the conventional thematic roles of the philanthropist and the benefactress are noticeable. The status of the pauper in fiction is similar to his status in the social discourse he remains a patient relying on helpers. The destinies of the poor confirm their statuses of patients. They are affected by fatal heredities or depend on a pathogenic environment whose metonymy suggests noxious influence. On the contrary, the benefactors shape their lives according to ethical choices or spiritual values marked by a sacrificial dimension even at the turn of the century, when traditional philanthropy tends to recede. The pauperism generates a major interdiscursive circulation between functional writings and fiction, which both handle it similarly in terms of themes, norms and methodology. However, fiction is not the mere replica of social discourse. All the likely combinations between dialogue and doxa are to be found, from fictionnal writings overdetermined by social discourse to novels which quote it ironically
Antoine, Vincent. "Théâtre et théâtralité du mouvement Dada : mise en scène d'une subversion." Montpellier 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON30041.
Full textLouâpre, Muriel. "La manière noire, le mal à l'oeuvre dans le roman naturaliste et décadent." Tours, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOUR2035.
Full textGoula, Vassilia. "Le naturalisme chez M. Karagatsis : thèmes et formes." Paris 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA030110.
Full textThe study deals with the naturalistic dimension of Karagatsis' (1908-1960) works and consequently with his position in this literary trend. Research is based on comparisons (similarities - differences) with the main representative of French naturalism, Émile Zola. This highlights to which point Karagatsis applied the same method, examining and setting out "human documents". Then, we focused on how French naturalism influenced Greek literature via works translations, on how the trend was welcomed in dailies and magazines, on the similar approach of Greek writers with mores study, the first examples of naturalistic literature and the impact of this trend until the 30s generation. Karagatsis' works have been studied on a thematic and formal point of view. First, we examined the influence of surroundings on characters. We noted Karagatsis interest for the presentation of each surroundings - external (environment); internal (family, background, place of the character); social (professional, social groups, open/closed worlds). Among characters, we have distinguished various categories: literary, historical and family characters. We have studied type-function characters, their label and their portrait, specificities of Karagatsis' characters. We have evoked their sexuality, their link with the land, their role in the action: the willingness, the power, the knowledge, and anti-hero characters. Then, we studied forms (internal structures of texts), in particular the place of the description in Karagatsis' stories and its stylistics. We also studied its rhetoric via its utterance, the way it intervenes in the plot, the intertextuality issue, irony and value systems. The documents we studied in our research prove French naturalism had a strong impact on Karagatsis as he applied the method in many of his books
Sahin, Can. "L'influence des écrivains français sur les doctrines littéraires des romanciers turcs de la période de la modernisation et les réalisations." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA028.
Full textNovel is a gift to Turkish literature of the period of modernization. Changing social and political events undoubtedly affects on literary form. 19th century in the Ottoman Empire at dizzying speeds where there is a period of development and change. During this period, France is almost like a pop-up window of the Ottoman Empire in Europe. Place a thousand years of classical Turkish literature in the European model is replaced with a new understanding of literature. In this change French literature has been exemplary in litrature. In this study, the period of Reformation French influence in Turkish literature has been examined from a broader perspective. The causes of the French influence in Turkish literature and its reflections have tried to read through the first Turkish novel. For the first time in this process, beginning with the translation of the French novel of French romanticism, French realism and French naturalism led to the Turkish author. This academic endeavour is carried out on the texts of French writer of which direction they affect Turkish writer has been demonstrated in a detailed manner
Deffarges, Anne. "De la naissance du naturalisme sous la Troisième République à sa réception dans la social-démocratie allemande (1865-1897)." Paris 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA030073.
Full textBetween 1886 and 1897, in times when the Social Democracy seemed to be about to reach power, the question of naturalism raised violent debates which resulted in scissions. The "Jungen affair" was the German expression of a deeper movement existing throughout Europe where a socially committed literary and theatre current were contesting the more political currents for the lead of the popular movement. The reception of French naturalism, as the main novelistic expression, in the German Social-Democracy, which was the main political party, gave rise to a discussion opening on all the 19th century's deep evolutions. Values of naturalism and socialism were confronted in various fields, including the relation between aesthetics and history. This German reading sheds a light on Zola and naturalism, which is fairly different from what we are used to in France
Spandonis, Sophie. "L'imagination du monde interieur. Ecritures de la psychologie dans les recits de la decadence, de ludine (1883) a monsieur de phocas (1901)." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030085.
Full textDufief, Anne-Simone. "Alphonse Daudet romancier." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040323.
Full textThe thesis reconsiders un unsatisfactorily treated aspect of daudet's works : his novels. It aims to determine the relation ship with naturalism, and to understand the reasons why the author has long been considered as a writer for the school, for the youth. A study of the sources of his inspiration leads to analyse the interconnections between short stories and novels. The strong implication of the author in his works justifies a reflection on the ambiguities of the autobiographical vein. There is not only one, but several "midis" of daudet : what is the meaning of such a contrasted representation of proven ce? one chapter attempts to show how daudet creates his characters, how he gives the illusion of life through portrait a nd psychology; it stresses on the very great importance given to private life, which explains that the representation of the family unit is a touch stone in his novels. The sensibility of the novelist is a prism through which reality is distorted. Two tunes are dominant : the burlesque, t ied to parody and the pathos, expressing the pessimism of the writer. The aesthetic of fragmentation characterizes this art which gives priority to the sensation and portrays readily the modern aspects of the world. Daudet's scepticism expresses itself through this "impressionism"
Oktapoda, Efstratia. "La documentation sociale et folklorique dans la littérature naturaliste française et grecque (1865-1920)." Montpellier 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON30040.
Full textCompared with the french one, the greek naturalistic output from the period 1865-1920 is quite different as concerns the topic : essentially urban in france, but mainly rural in greece. However, the methodology is similar, as it is a truly documentary one. The greek, like the french, used to base on documents borrowed from scientific information and to carry out themselves socio- ethnographical studies when their personal experience was not sufficient. The most punctilious writers, such as zola, carcavitsas or daudet, even wrote out some notebooks, diaries and other small journalls, which constituted a very meticulous and accurate exercise of reflection, necessary for the elaboration of their works. Now the naturalistic work is finally an intricate universe, gathering within itself social sciences and literature, as well as document and art work. The genesis of the french and the greek naturalistic works is revealing of the way in which the exploitation of socio-ethnographical and folkloric document and of popular language acts in the naturalistic novels and short stories. The analysis of the exploitation of the gathered documents shows that they are above all the elements of a narrative and epic literary transformation. The preponderence of the literary motivation entails that the different sociological borrowings used in the naturalistic work cannot be blindly relied on
Patsiou, Vassiliki. "Réalité historique et transcription litteraire : le cas de Constantin Theotokis." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010683.
Full textConstantin Theotokis after writing his early works, abandons the subjectivity of imaginary creation and turns towards the objectivity of historical reality. The production of the text of "the slaves in their chains" constitues the outcome of a persistant work on a project. This project reveals the intention of the writer to expose the bonds of causality, bonds which both determine the sequence of dramatical events and explain the various relationships between the characters. Despite the detailed description of the present of the first decade of the twentieth century, the allusions to historical events go back to earlier times. The evocation of historical events which concern the past more faithfully depicts the actual present and moves the time of the narration six centuries back. Out of the forty-eight characters only thirteen are directly related to the development of the action. These characters which aren't the principal motive forces in the development of the story, embody social types and are bearers of historical information. The life of characters goes beyond the limits of the temporal development of the novel. It is connected with real people and reflects real life situations which both serve as a historical link to the narrative process, although they play no important part in the development of the action
Arnoux-Farnoux, Lucile. "Constantin Théotokis dans le contexte du roman européen (1898-1922)." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040237.
Full textBender, Niklas. "La Lutte des paradigmes : la littérature entre histoire, biologie et médecine, 1850-1900 (Flaubert, Zola, Fontane)." Paris 8, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA083168.
Full textTaking its starting point in the actual discussion between natural sciences on the one hand, social sciences and humanities on the other, my thesis explores the conflict of these two forms of knowledge at the end of the nineteenth century. At that moment, cultural life is engaged in a battle opposing a historical paradigm with a biological and medical one. Two conceptions of human life are at stake: a culturalist vision which defends the historical development of mankind with its possibilities and its progress; and a naturalist vision which analyzes the determinants of a stable human nature. The two paradigms have an extraordinary importance for literature, exerting a strong influence on the depiction of romanesque characters and even on the fundamental structure of the fictional worlds. The analysis proceeds by questioning six representative novels, simultaneously allowing a comparison of the French and the German literature of the time: Salammbô and L’Éducation sentimentale by Flaubert; Nana and Germinal by Zola ; Effi Briest and Irrungen, Wirrungen by Fontane. The thesis takes a close look at their historical, medical and biological sources and analyses how they are adapted to fiction. It broadens its approach in opening historical (Michelet, Burckhardt) as well as philosophical perspectives (Nietzsche). It concludes that the relationship between literature and scientific knowledge is placed in-between two extremes: the explicit reference to biomedical and historical sources, marked by a transfer of themes and structures ; and the adaptation of a fundamental model, not clearly taken from a source but which nevertheless corresponds to a scientific mode of thought
Cominetti, Philippe. "L'inspiration scientifique dans le roman post-naturaliste : du naturalisme français à la littérature japonaise du premier XXème siècle." Bordeaux 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR30005.
Full textBy considering the way scientific elements are integrated in naturalist fiction, as well as in post-naturalist novels, this dissertation aims at defining the features of a textual norm ((the so-called "realistic-code")from the double point of view of poetics and ideology. With French texts as a starting point and a Japanese corpus (1895-1960) considered as a case study, transmission of French naturalism (Zola's theoretical discourse, and anatomical imagination) and development of scientific inspiration in the Japanse context of tremendous modernization -which implies enhanced presence of science and technical objects- shall be pondered. The first part deals with scientific inspiration in the naturalist context, where it is defined as dissemination (alteration of rationality, visualization, production of objects) and qualified as genesis of subsequents forms. These forms, examined in a second part along a historical perspective relate to texts progressively structured according to the "systemic organization of technical objects". In the third part, hermeneutical tools are provided for the previous description, leading to the hypothesis of a fetishistic structure of scientific inspiration. Beyond such a local interpretation of naturalism's outgrowth, it shall be possible to reconsider French and European Literature, thus providing insights about the nature of fiction in realist texts, and the correlation between the questions of science and the subject
Delolme, François. "Esthétique de la fiction naturaliste à la fin du XIXe siècle. Un disciple et ami d'Emile Zola ˸ Paul Alexis." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA081.
Full textPaul Alexis (1847-1901) is mainly known as the closest friend of Zola. This is quoted as his main characteristic, almost as his unique definition. He is usually forgotten to be mentioned as also a writer who was very dedicated to a cause which had a huge significance in his life : Naturalism. This thesis tries to explore this double perspective. By studying books and newspaper articles written by this author, this work aims on the one hand, to explore his relationship with Zola, and, on the other hand, to focus on his personal designs, his deep convictions, as well as his connections with the other members of the movement. Primarily, in order to achieve this, this thesis scrutinises his personal and literary links with Zola. It shows the everyday life of a friendship which went through many challenges and changes. It analyses the striking moments which occurred during the course of their lives. It emphasises their common points of thought and tries to highlight the differences between the author of Germinal and the writer of Madam Meuriot, the last appearing to be the ultimate upholder of the naturalistic theories. Then, this project strives to precisely explain the personal ideas of this novelist, according to his theoretical views and to his works of fiction. It observes his restless involvement and the fights he led for the sake of his favourite topics such as : journalism, arts, theatre, politics... Finally, this work describes the actions Alexis carried out at the side of Zola, at the heart of the circle of Médan, but also in a more autonomous way, during major events in which he participated. This paper aims to clarify the huge issues he faced, such as the rise of naturalism or the Dreyfus affair, for example. The ultimate purpose of this PhD is to consider this character often slandered, sometimes neglected, a man who was more than a fellow traveller of Emile Zola
Urbanik-Rizk, Annie. "Du romantisme à la modernité : écriture mythologique et transfiguration du quotidien dans l'oeuvre de Michel Tournier." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040153.
Full textIn these words, Michel Tournier does not only sum up his aesthetics, but also suggests the contradictions of his writing. Finding his inspiration at the romantic source - and in particular from german writers - and at the nostalgic quest for essences, he choses narrative patterns similar to those of the german Märchen, and he considers philosophy as the servant of poetry. Tournier's works display modernity based on formal variations, the humoristic distance and the difficulty in grasping the writer's meaning. The concept of "epiphany within triviality" - or Verklärung - throws a light upon those discrepancies common to all naturalist writers. Between romanticism and modernity, they are situated at the very time when one experiences the impossibility of mimesis and its endeavour to find a meaning. Expressing a way of looking kindly at reality in order to celebrate it, in spite of its apparantly unsettling weirdness, the mythological writing of Tournier is not a mere re-writing of myths, but the exaltation of beings and things, bearing within themselves the infinite
Marques, Fernando Carmino. "Le théâtre au Portugal, 1800-1822." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040251.
Full textBetween 1800 and 1822, an ensemble of major political events appreciably upset the history of Portugal. While studying the theatre of this period, we have sought to unravel the principal lines of the most appreciated kinds. More than seven hundred plays presented to the public, has never - to our knowledge - been studied in detail. This is the goal of our work, in which we underline the specificity of this theatre and what it brought to the history of the theatre, particularly in Portugal. It is a theatre which inscribes itself in line with the continuity of the European theatre of the same period but which also takes into consideration previous new aesthetic and categorical preoccupations, and many aspects of ideas dear to romantics
Rebière-Cornet, Martine. "La société comme matière romanesque : convergences naturalistes dans les romans de Zola, Clarín, Pérez Galdos et Emilia Pardo Bazán." Bordeaux 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR30019.
Full textThis study entitled, "Society as a subject for a novel". The convergence of elements of Naturalism in the novels of Zola, Clarín, Pérez Galdós and Emilia Pardo Bazán, endeavours to analyze the influence of the author of the Rougon-Macquart series on his fellow spanish authors. The Second Empire and the Spanish Restoration period will be shown to have been at the forefront of the literary scene. In Zola's works and those of the spanish naturalist writers, the middle class and the working class will express the economic and social changes in each country and in modern society. In their novels, Zola and the spanish naturalists manage to depict the society in which they lived from a literary point of view through the use of naturalist description, free indirect speech and everyday language. Both physiological or sociological determinism will play their part in the creation of Zola's Characters and those of the Spanish naturalists. However Galdós, Clarín and doña Emilia Pardo Bazán will never portray their characters in the same primitive way as Zola. Finally, spanish naturalism will soon develop into a form of spiritualism that is more characteristic of the French literature of the second half of the nineteenth century, the period which heralded the Decadent movement
Isoardo, Johanna. "La cruauté et les forces en mouvement dans le théâtre de Friedrich Hebbel." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX10025.
Full textDa, Silva Frédéric. "Aux confins du naturalisme : Paul Bonnetain (1858-1899)." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030156.
Full textPaul Bonnetain is a forgotten writter, although his two first novels, Charlot s’amuse (1883) and L’Opium (1886), are still famous because of their outrancies. He had a rich life made of various experiences and far away travels which feed his imagination. In 1881, he begins in parisan press and raises quickly to the most famous news papers, among others with his short stories which conciliate Realism and Exotism. His career was punctuated with ambiguities and contradictories statements and his litteraries influences are both numerous and various. If his admiration for Edmond de Goncourt remains the same, the fervent disciple of Émile Zola he was, renounced Naturalism with crashes, as instigator of the “Manifeste des Cinq” in 1887. Although he was a great figure of the litterary word of his time and recognized for his lively and coloured style, he left Paris to take up a colonial career. Paul Bonnetain explorated unkown geographic spacies and found news litteraries horizons too. For all these reasons, his works must be discovered
Thorel-Cailleteau, Sylvie. "Naturalisme et décadence : une approche du roman entre 1857 et 1914." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040146.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to elucidate the terms of a correlation between two aesthetics usually considered antinomic, to understand the trail of thoughts of novelists,such as Huysmans,who went from one aesthetic to the other,and to examine from then the evolution of the Novel. .
Beillacou, Florence. "Tuer l'idéal. L'anti-romantisme de Zola et des naturalistes." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA121.
Full textFrom the beginning of his literary career, Zola fought against Romanticism.This opposition allowed him to build the unity of the Naturalist movement, a movement which first sprung into existence with the publication of "Evenings at Médan" (1880), the collection of short stories co-written with Céard, Maupassant, Hennique, Alexis and Huysmans. Naturalist authors, united by their hatred for Romanticism, joined forces against yesteryears’ dominant movement to defend a new aesthetics and a new school of thought: Naturalism. Thanks to Zola’s efforts to publicise this controversy, Naturalists gained visibility in the press and the publishing sector. It is largely through this opposition to Romanticism that Naturalists developed their own, deeply anti-idealistic aesthetics, and defined their positions on issues such as literature’s relation to society and politics. Their anti-Romantic stance further shaped their works of fiction. Naturalist characters often appeared as victims of Romantic culture. Moreover, Naturalist authors developed their critical discourse by dismantling clichés considered as typically Romantic. Through the novel’s metadiscourse, they inserted anti-Romantic polemic in the fiction, in an often critical and self-reflexive way
Yao, Bah Kouakou Alfred. "Ayi Kwei Armah, Sony Labou Tansi, écrivains de la rupture ou adèptes d'un naturalisme à l'africaine." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040066.
Full textContrary to oral literature, which has always been practiced, the growth of African written literature, which started at the first contacts between Africans and people from written civilization, can be divided into three steps. The first movement was initiated by Europeans who used to denigrate Africans asserting that they had no culture. In the second movement led by the first African scholars, mainly those from the Négritude movement, the focus was on the apology of African culture. Our study was elaborated on the last step of that evolution focusing on the English-speaking author Ayi Kwei Armah and the French-speaking Sony Labou Tansi's writings. Unlike their predecessors, Sony and Armah, whose writings are quite similar; choose to give an impartial view about their society. Throughout methodological patterns close to Naturalism, which are based on ambivalence, meticulousness, plausibility and an "impure" way of writing,both authors stigmatise everybody's responsibility in the plagues Africa is confronted with. Despite some light shades in their approach, Sony and Armah's closeness brings to say that there is no actual difference between French-speaking and English-speaking Africa. Above all the gloomy images they draw from their continent, both remain optimistic about its future. A bright future they imagine through the refusal of monolithism and by the practice of an alternation mentality. In regard to all the changes that have been taking place since the publication of these novels, this optimistic perspective cannot be considered as illusive
Bouayad, Nadia. "Les techniques narratives dans les soirées de Médan 1880." Bordeaux 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR30021.
Full textRegarded as the "manifesto" of the naturalist movement, the soirees de medan are a collection of six short stories written by six different authors who all aim at the same purpose: they wish to depict reality such as it is, the reality of the 1870 franco-prussian war disemcumbered of all commom place ideas such as the general patriotism of the french people. The narrative techniques of all six authors meet in carrying the tale through contrasts which produce irony, often satirical, in the whole bulk of the stories. But hennique and zola stand out in paying particular attention to the psychology and behaviour of their characters to the prejudice of the action. On the other hand, ceard and alexis, while they abundantly discuss the psychology of their characters, go against the principles of the naturalist writing and of maupassant's own theories. But all of them have chosen common people, "non-heroes", either socially or morally. This writing forgoes neither symbol nor myth; it is full of the affective tendancies of these authors. It bears the mark of impressionism especially for five of these authors. Through the subjects delt with, the temperateness of the satirical language, and a kind of romantic lyricism, zola is the least innovative of all. Among the others the way of creating realistic illusion goes through an impressionistic writing which reveals the nature of the author's sensibility as well as the importance of time, instant and duration in a literary genre which emphasizes temporal intensity along the tale. One should not refer to a narrative code common to all these writers unless one points out the differences which reveal original tempers through a common prospect
Bonnin-Ponnier, Joëlle. "Le restaurant dans le roman naturaliste : narration et évaluation." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030129.
Full textThis work considers the subject of the restaurant in the naturalist corpus as a novelistic topos, a prescriptive focal point establishing a certain way to look at body and nature, a social representation and culturally significant table manners whose analysis can contribute to what phillipe hamon calls a "poetics of the evaluative". Commited to schemes, both evaluating and evaluated, a fictional population shows a "know-how to behave" and also a "know-how to enjoy", made up of a "know-how to see" and technical and socio-ethical "know-how to do " together with a " know-how to say". Taking into account all these aspects, allows to show the "ideology-effect" of the naturalist works, which in the text is conveyed by the idea which the character have of their projects and purpose and from the narrative point of view is to be perceived through the specific way the narrator deals with the theme, the narrator being indeed non devoid of aesthetic and philosophical presuppositions, as, together with his capacity of making up endless narrative variations around the restrictive pattern of the narration of life given as banal and ritualized and around the even more codified theme of "the restaurant scene" (first narratologic part), and also when expressing the elaborate judgements of his characters (second part centred on evaluation), he translates their experiences in spite of the special links the establishment is supposed to have with pleasure and festivity, with a critical "artist" vision, full of nostalgia for the aristocratic ideals of the past and of a pessimistic outlook of life. This double bias is highlighted by continuous confrontation with the novellistic intertext and above all the non fictional intertext (gastronomic and touristic guides, treatives on good manners) which often reveals, trough the praising of the pleasures of eating, a deep love of our condition
Benarfi, Khmai͏̈s. "Les ambigüités du naturalisme américain et l'évolution vers l'expression subjective de la réalité." Aix-Marseille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX10026.
Full textJouini, Asma. "Théorie et pratique du naturalisme dans l'ɶuvre romanesque de Joris-Karl Huysmans (1874-1883)." Thesis, Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE2049.
Full textThis thesis deals with the work of Huysmans ranging from his first writings until the eve of his disagreement with Zola; À Rebours being the point of disjunction between an initial period of setting up and a series of multiple literary experiences where the naturalistic method is the guarantor of unity. For if naturalistic writing was, at some point in the life of Huysmans, a form of initiation, it has not ceased to be a way of thinking and the author claims this naturalist part even in his most mystical novels. Huysmans therefore wants to write a book while avoiding idealizing the world, that is to say, a non-fiction book. Through this, he takes part in the naturalist movement. For, to banish the intrusions of the author, in the name of experimental objectivity, is one of the foundations of the naturalist current. But paradoxically, by pushing the theoretical discourse of the experimental novel to the end of its logic, Huysmans' writing will lead to a sort of break-up of the traditional structure of the novel, as evidenced some years later the writing of À Rebours. Indeed, Huysmans draws in his own way Zola's naturalist theory. He quickly realized that this theory will lead to a dead end and that we must go to the edge of this experience in order to be able to pass on to others. But this stage of its formation definitely marked it, especially as a method of documentation. The literary experience of Huysmans during this decade is symptomatic of a more general state and makes it clear that the novel rests on a moving field
Iltchéva, Bogdana. "Transformations esthétiques du naturalisme d’Émile Zola chez les écrivains bulgares et roumains au cours des premières décennies du XXe siècle." Artois, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ARTO0003.
Full textAt the beginning of the XXth century, Naturalism was well received in Bulgaria and Romania as it was throughout almost the whole area of the Balkans, mostly through the works of Emile Zola. Between the two World Wars, Naturalism retained its scandal reputation for both the Bulgarian and Romanian peoples as for the writers. Two emblematic novelists, Ghéorghi Raïčev in Bulgaria, and Liviu Rebreanu in Romania took some of the naturalist conceptions and adapted them for their own works. This process of transformation was an expression of a critical attitude. These authors chose not to imitate, but tried to reinvent the naturalist paradigms, transposing them into the context of Bulgarian and Romanian villages and towns. This refraction and interaction between Émile Zola, Ghéorghi Raïčev and Liviu Rebreanu concerned the choice of subjects, the conception of the characters, the use of figures and the elaboration of the frame of the action of their novels. This transformation of Naturalism reflects the very specific nature of the visions of the two Balkan authors, the weight of history and of the literary traditions of their two countries - Romania and Bulgaria
Abdelmoumen, Dorra. "Les Goncourt auteurs dramatiques : édition électronique du théâtre des Goncourt." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030020/document.
Full text« To succeed there is only drama ... » This is how Janin advice the Goncourt brothers in December 1851, which quickly directs these young writers to the tricky path of theater and drama. The Journal des Goncourt tells for forty-five years the tumultuous relation of the writers of Henriette Maréchal with the stage. However, the drama of Edmond and Jules de Goncourt is little studied and rarely attracts editors. The absence of any modern edition of their work is a proof to that. This work suggests an electronic version of four plays written by the Goncourt: two original works signed by the broth-ers themselves: Henriette Maréchal (1865) and La Patrie en Danger (1889) and two ad-aptations of novels by Edmond de Goncourt: Germinie Lacerteux (1888) and Manette Salomon (1896).It is both a critical edition enriched by notes and fact sheets, lexical and bio-graphical. That is an interactive space where researchers could both draw resources for the dramatic experience of the Goncourt brothers and complete texts and notes attached to this issue, and finally an illustration of the contribution of new technologies to the edition and study of literary texts. It is a computer-based research of a literary corpus and a reflection on the particularity and the limits of such an experiment
Tampákī, Anna. "Le thèatre néohellénique : génèse e formation : ses composantes sociales, idéologiques et esthétiques." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0112.
Full textKlugkist, Marc. "Le naturalisme spiritualiste de Joris-Karl Huymans." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040147.
Full textThis thesis develops a philosophical approach of Joris-Karl Huysmans’ work, based on the concept of « naturalisme spiritualiste ». This approach distinguishes the depiction of reality, a key element of the naturalistic aesthetics, from a real that would be characterized by a regenerative intensity. The analysis of the philosophical ideas and figures superimposes three labyrinthine paths : the classical one, the mannerist one and the rhizomatous one. The impossibility to achieve a dialectical synthesis between a concrete reality and a mythical real leads Huysmans towards a pessimism where Schopenhauer’s influence prevails. Through a singular appropriation of artistic creation, dreams and mysticism, he extends the experimental domain of naturalism. The soul gone adrift, the body and the place become the problematic stakes which mark out his investigation method and his existential quest. The confrontation with Grünewald’s work is fundamental to understand the fertile paradoxes as well as the aporias of Huysmans’ thought. The desire of redemption proves to be illusionary but this failure opens up the scope of a prolific inventiveness, whitin the tragic affirmation of the fragmented being, between a sense of dereliction and an intuition of the sublime
Guyomarch, Le Roux Sandrine. "Théâtre et histoire : le "teatro del 68" au Mexique et le travail de mémoire." Perpignan, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PERP0783.
Full textMexico was, in 1968, the scene of a surprisingly violent student conflict, which finished in a repression called “Tlatelolco massacre. ” Some intelectuals and artists tried to transmit the memory of these events, silent by official story. Today, even if this “other” story pretends to get a place in official one, the mexican players’ tribute to this memory remains unknow. Whereas the proportions of the dramatic production on the 1968’s mexican student strike, between 1968 and 2003, is worth to being considered, and its manifestations obviously demonstrate its own way of enriching the work of memory on the events of 68, this production remains completely absent in mexican theatre’s today’s story. The analisis shows that five different articulations between story and theatre are posible in this production called Teatro del 68, by the player Felipe Galván. These different ways of focusing the facts make the question of its definition problematic. A focus on three of the plays enhances the proper hability of theatre to catch a problematic referent, and to enable the memory process to be activated. The purpose of this work is, thus, to make it known and permit its evaluation
Feuillastre, Anne Laure. "Le nouveau théâtre espagnol : la résistance politique, culturelle et esthétique d’un mouvement néo-avant-gardiste (1967-1978)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100130.
Full textThis Ph. D. thesis tries to reconstruct, under a double perspective, the history of the Spanish New Theatre, an artistic manifestation marginalised from the scenes on its times; the essay considers its extent –on multiple aspects– and its ethic and aesthetic characterisation. Including also censored and unpublished plays, this study intends to revive an innovative scenic and dramatic movement which developed in Spain during the late Francoism and the early Spanish Transition (1967-1978); it was artistically experimental, culturally non-conformist, aesthetically unconventional and politically anti-Francoist. The search for new scenic propositions and solutions provoked the appearance of a new avant-garde at the end of the dictatorship; its productions were incomprehensible within the structural limits of commercial theatre (classic drama, light comedies) or even contemporary Realism’s propositions. The transformation of the dramatic scene implied a progressive awareness of group –marginalised in many ways– and generated the creation of multiple non-Aristotelic forms (sometimes inspired in the European and American avant-gardes); it supposed also new modes of expression based on a creative language, verbal provocation and an extended use of allegory and symbol. These pages propose a reflection about the Spanish New Theatre’s name and very concept, on its socio-cultural and political context –capital for its birth and development– offering a stylistic analysis approach in order to specify the movement’s defining features
Hillerin, Alexis de. "Image du roi, image du père dans le théâtre français du XVIIIe siècle (1715-1789)." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040086.
Full textScarpa, Marie-Rose. "Le Ventre de Paris d'Emile Zola : une lecture ethno-critique." Metz, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2000/Scarpa.Marie_Rose.LMZ0001.pdf.
Full textPitault-Moreau, Aurélie. "L'Oeuvre de Michel Houellebecq : une observation critique de la société." Tours, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUR2025.
Full textThe poetic and romantic work of Michel Houellebecq offers to the contemporary reader a perception desillusioned of its reality. Inherent social critiscim at its writings supposes an engaged attitude of the author. Its texts indeed distill theories on the apparition of evils related at the sexual liberation and the advent of liberalism. However, Michel Houellebecq does not seem to wish that the literature embraces a social function. Our work proposes to determine the degree of engagement of the author. We will confront the literary work of Houellebecq with the naturalist's theorie of Emile Zola. We will rest on the qualities that Zola waited of a novelist, i. E. To be an observer and an experimenter. The representation criticizes of the society engages the novelist towards a responsibility ; witness of its time, he's also compromised with it. But does Houellebecq assume really its role of public
Carpisassi, Daniela. "La strategia discorsiva dell'ironia nella narrativa "muliebre" agli inizi del XX secolo : Clelia Pellicano (Jane Grey) e Gabrielle Willy (Collette)." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030169.
Full textWe have compared how irony was used by two women writers at the beginning of the 20th century: the French Colette and the Italian Clelia Romano Pellicano. We have examined the navels of Claudine's series by Colette, and the two collections of short-stories Coppie and Novelle calabresi by Pellicano. The missing biography of the Italian writer has also been reconstructed. For this analysis we have revised the notion of feminine irony (and humor) and of women's comedy, reconstrueting the panorama of the existing theories and reconsidering some studies about the interdiscursive and relational dimensions proper of literary irony. We have historically contextualised our analysis identifying the characteristics of Belle Epoque's esprit and the relationship between caricatures and literary charge. We have picked out the ternis of the debate of this period about the excess and the quality of that female literature disqualified by the adjective « muliebre ». In this debate Colette has appeared as term of comparison for the works of the Italian women witers. Pellicano and Colette's irony emerges as a discursive strategy through which it is possible to inaugurate a "caring" conflict with the Other, in order to uncover the contradictions of their time and to deal with delicated subjets or themes considered awkward (i. E. The authorities' corruption or the relationship between sexes). Both women writers were related to the literary realistic model of their time by an irreverent way. We have studied it also reflecting upon the relationship between irony and Naturalism. Through irony and even self-irony about their status as women writers, they have created a relation with their readers
Tanaka, Takuzo. "Zola et le roman psychologique." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040005.
Full textThe aim of this dissertation is to examine the characteristics and the development of the psychological representation in Émile Zola's novels, referring to the “psychological novel” in his time, represented by George Sand and Paul Bourget. From Thérèse Raquin (1867), against the idealism of the “psychological novel” in the manner of George Sand, the Naturalist Zola tries to substitute a physiology of the soul for the psychology; as well as the body, the soul is determined by the surroundings and the heredity. From La Joie de vivre (1884), however, under the influence of the “psychological novel” in the manner of Bourget, Zola progressively separates from the Naturalist determinism. He attaches great importance to the inner life of the characters in his novels and projects his own ideology and philosophy on the inner discourse of these characters. In his later works, the subjectivity of the author finally becomes predominant over the objectivity demanded by the Naturalist theory
Schincariol, Andrea. "Naturalisme et photographie : l'influence invisible du dispositif photographique sur le roman d'Emile Zola, Guy de Mautpassant, Joris-Karl Huymans et Henry Céard." Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20097.
Full textThis study consists in an analysis of the relationships between the photographic dispositive and five of the most significant works of the literary movement of Naturalism. In the first section of his thesis, the PhD student has analyzed two texts related with the literary genre of the “Fantastic”: the short story Le Horla (1887), written by Guy de Maupassant and Joris-Karl Huysmans's novel Là-bas (1891). The second section is entirely dedicated to the study of Nana (1880), by Émile Zola, and the influence of the photographic dispositive on the theme of “nude” with respect to the heroin of the novel, Nana. The third section consists in a photo-literary analysis of some of the poetic and aesthetic aspects characterizing the novels of Henry Céard, Une belle journée (1881) and Terrains à vendre au bord de la mer (1906). The candidate has operated a meticulous analysis of those literary works, with a focus, in the first place, on those textual marks suggesting the presence of the photographic medium; secondly, he has developed his photo-literary study trying to explore, on the deeper level of the literary enunciation, the function of the photographic dispositive with respect to the construction of the text. Besides, the candidate has proposed, starting from the novels that he has studied, some iconic references reflecting the photographic production contemporary to the authors of his corpus and also some photographic examples of present time
Teboul, Annabelle. "Le polymorphisme du héros réaliste-naturaliste chez Balzac, Flaubert, Maupassant et Zola ou le parcours initiatique d'un être oxymorique." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00935884.
Full textGoutaland, Carine. "À table : fonctions et représentations du repas dans la littérature naturaliste." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20010.
Full textThis work aims at exploring narrative and metaphorical representations of mealtimes in French or French-language naturalistic authors, whether they be considered major or minor, in the last quarter of the 19th century. Though they were certainly not the first to represent characters partaking in a meal, these writers approached the theme of food in a new way, and this was received with some reticence by their contemporaries. Attributing a new status to meals, the number and importance of which in the narrative grew continuously, they underlined the physiological dimension of the act of eating and represented food in its material dimension, to sometimes negative lengths. Rotten foodstuffs and dyspepsia arrived on the literary stage, at a time when gastronomic discourse was singing the praises of the moderate hedonism of the middle-class table. The motif of the meal was an ideological focal point enabling writers to question the dominant alimentary scheme of things. But it was also a field of literary experimentation where the aesthetic choices of the writer were projected and shaped, the writer appearing as an eater engaged in a sometimes harmonious, sometimes indigestible confrontation with reality. The novelistic meal is an image of artistic creation, both a central point of the materialistic project of the representation of reality and a space where naturalism explored and went beyond its own limits
Ménard, Sophie. "« Les Guenilles humaines » ou les aveux du corps. Poétique de la révélation psychophysiologique dans l’œuvre d’Émile Zola." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100027.
Full textThis master’s thesis undertakes Émile Zola’s work towards a poetic consideration and the psycho-physiology revelation. It attempts to explain the structure, scientist and imaginary, of the analogical and metaphoric connections of the body and the spirit, which elaborate around the problems of the confession. During all the 19th century, the establishment of conformity between the physical and the psychic indicates the interest of the human sciences for the parallelism, the semiology and the taxonomy. It expresses especially the idea of a revealing language, symbolic of the interiority of the individual. Émile Zola does not escape this attraction for the eloquent functions from the body which animates the era. The truth in naturalist regime is produced by the body, because on him and in him are read the phenomena of the psyche, which are successively conscious and unconscious. The examination of the psycho-physiological demonstrations in the zolien novel depicted the importance of automatic mobility in the process of revelation. The spontaneous activity of the physical appearance and the psychic indicates the inexpressible one, the unknown and the indescribable of the character