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Reiner, Iris. "Nature and nurture : attachment and personality /." Marburg : Tectum-Verl, 2008. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3198235&prov=M&dokv̲ar=1&doke̲xt=htm.
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Reiner, Iris. "Nature and nurture attachment and personality." Marburg Tectum-Verl, 2007. http://d-nb.info/991779878/04.
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Husser, Erica Kathryn. "Nature as Nurture: Rural Older Women's Perspectives on The Natural Environment." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39337.
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The natural environment is a dynamic context for human development, but current lifestyles and activities are threatening the quality and supply of natural resources, and changing the conditions of the atmosphere. Older adults in the United States have been called upon to contribute their energy to volunteer efforts aimed at improving environmental conditions, but little is known about how or if older adults would be willing to take part. Informed by place attachment and attention restoration theory, and guided by the life course framework of human development, the purpose of this qualitative investigation was to deepen understanding about how a nature trajectory is established and the factors that influence the relationship between humans and nature over time.
Interviews were conducted with 34 older rural women who ranged in aged from 71 to 91 years old (mean age 79). Seventeen of the women were living alone and nine lived below the poverty threshold. Using grounded theory coding and analysis techniques, two major findings emerged from the data: the women valued nature for spiritual and psychological reasons, and nature was suffering as a result of a wasteful and destructive economic paradigm. Half of the women's nature trajectories changed over time; trajectories remained positive and stable for the others. As God's creation, the natural environment informed their sense of self and bolstered their psychological well-being. They cared about environmental problems, but were unaware of what they could do to help.Ph. D.
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Rose, Elizabeth H. "Epigenetics: Blurring the Line Between Nature and Nurture." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2010. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/33.
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This long-standing nature versus nurture debate is cited in behavioral and physical expressions of disease dysfunctions, resiliencies, and recovery. Their purposes are noted both in scientific pursuits as well as literature. This discourse has been particularly intense in the fields of psychology, psychiatry, and biology where there is a long history of scientists’ attempts to disprove or discredit others’ intellectual and professional measures. Interestingly, recent advances in the neurosciences and genetic technologies have brought these fields closer together with a new focus – the interactional relationship between nature and nurture – epigenetics.
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Hannon, Elizabeth Mary. "The nurture of nature : biology, psychology and culture." Thesis, Durham University, 2010. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/337/.
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In this thesis I explore what consequences taking development seriously in evolutionary considerations will have for how we understand the evolution of psychology and culture. I first explicate the relationship between development and evolution that informs a number of approaches to evolution, including neo-Darwinian evolutionary biology and evolutionary developmental biology. I argue that, to a greater or lesser extent, developmental processes have been misconstrued in these accounts and that the full role of development, from an evolutionary point of view, has not always been acknowledged. Instead, I suggest that a better model of the relationship between development and evolution can be found in developmental systems theory. I explore the neo-Darwinian underpinnings of a number of accounts of the evolution of culture and psychology, including the branch of evolutionary psychology associated with the work of, among others, John Tooby and Leda Cosmides, and the gene-culture co-evolutionary account of Peter Richerson and Robert Boyd. I argue that as well as being vulnerable to the same sorts of problems that plague neo-Darwinian evolutionary biology, they face other difficulties. These accounts suppose an internalist model of the mind, and this model is neither justified nor useful. The extended mind hypothesis offers a different model of the mind whereby cognitive processes can be partially constituted by structures in the environment. I sketch an alternative account of what the evolution of human psychology and culture by combining a developmental systems approach to evolution and development with the extended mind hypothesis. This will result in a very different understanding of the relationship between biology, psychology and culture.
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Loucks, Jessica Lenore. "The nature of nurture : fluids as indicators of naturalness in Macbeth /." Abstract Full Text (HTML) Full Text (PDF), 2009. http://eprints.ccsu.edu/archive/00000579/02/2009FT.htm.
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Thesis (M.A.) -- Central Connecticut State University, 2009.Thesis advisor: Stephen Cohen. "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in English." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-70). Abstract available via the World Wide Web.
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Fiala, Abigail L. "Nurture through nature: a comparative study between standard and nature-based play in outdoor preschool environments." Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35512.
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Master of Landscape ArchitectureDepartment of Landscape Architecture/Regional & Community Planning
Hyung Jin Kim
Nature-based play is gaining attention in early childhood education because of the social, physical, and cognitive benefits from interacting with nature at a young age (International Play Association 2014). Some studies provide strong evidence to suggest that nature-based unstructured play can have a positive benefit on early childhood development and improve the socialization, problem solving, confidence, creativity, autonomy, and self-awareness in children as well as their physical health (Fjortoft 2004, Louv 2005). The purpose of this study is to identify differences in play behavior among preschoolers that may influence early childhood development between standard or traditional playgrounds and playgrounds designed with interaction with nature, or access to nature, and, thus, to suggest design solutions for play environment, which responds to the issues this research identifies. This is a comparative observational study on play behavior between two study settings, including nature-based and standard/traditional-play environments with nature-access . Comparative observations were conducted at the Center for Child Development (nature-based) and Hoeflin Stone House Early Childhood Center (standard) at Kansas State University in Manhattan, Kansas. Preschoolers’ play behaviors and behavior-environment interactions in both settings were compared using behavioral mapping and time-lapse observation (20 minutes per subject) techniques in which their location, activities, and interactions were recorded. Findings suggest that children in nature-based playgrounds are more likely to be physically active and creative with their play. Also, movable and manipulative play elements (“loose parts”) allow children to engage in more social activities than standard anchored playground element vs. standard playgrounds, however, allow children to explore games with rules and provide valuable development for motor and social skills. Therefore, this study suggests a design approach that is a hybrid between designed nature and standard play in a way that utilizes the positive aspects of both types of play. These findings will lead to a call for research and design into the direction of creating outdoor play environments that infuse standard play structures with natural environments.
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Purcell, Anne. "The nature of nurture : measuring some environmental correlates of first language acquisition /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17791.pdf.
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Holladay, Linda W. Sabino Robin. "Language acquisition of same-sex, multiple-birth siblings a nature/nurture study /." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Fall/Dissertations/HOLLADAY_LINDA_9.pdf.
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Friswell, Melissa Kathleen. "The influence of nature and nurture on the murine gastrointestinal tract microbiota." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.493460.
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Commensal organisms associated with areas of the host exposed to the external environment are collectively termed the microbiota. Whilst poorly understood environmental and genetic factors influence the development of the large intestinal microbiota, the relative contributions of host genetics vs. the environment remain unknown. Faeces was selected as a paradigm for gut microflora comparison studies since 16S rRNA PCR-DGGE derived fingerprints from intestinal lumen, mucosa and faeces were highly similar. DGGE analysis of faeces from five highly inbred strains of mice housed and bred at Manchester University (C3H, C57. GFEG, CBA and CD1), showed that mice of the same strain harboured highly similar fingerprint profiles that were characteristic for each individual mouse strain.
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Kim, Sunok. "Nature or Nurture in English Academic Writing: Korean and American Rhetorical Patterns." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6624.
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For many years, linguists, ESL writing teachers, and especially students have puzzled over the phenomenon where non-native English writers' sentences are grammatically correct, but their paragraphs and complete essays often appear illogical to native English speaking readers. From the perspective of Kaplan's original contrastive rhetoric theory where American rhetoric is "linear," Korean L2 writers' apparently circular rhetoric causes problems. Even though Korean writers are trying to write paragraphs that are logical for native English readers, this illogical output results in Korean ESL students being perceived as poor writers. In order to discover more about the nature of the rhetorical problems Korean ESL writers face, this study reports on a close contrastive analysis of a corpus consisting of 25 Freshmen Korean ESL students' unedited, first draft essays and 25 Freshmen native-English speaking American Freshmen's unedited, first draft essays randomly collected from a series of 1st year writing classes at a U.S.-based university. The analysis focused on areas where the logical flow breaks down from a native English reader's perspective. The Topical Structure Analytical approach (TSA), developed by Lautamatti (1987), was used to analyze the data. Results show that both American and Korean Freshmen have difficulty controlling topical subjects and discourse topics in their writing. Instead, they often introduced irrelevant subtopics that did not advance overall topic development, making their writing difficult for general readers to follow. The key finding of the study shows that to overcome these rhetorical weaknesses, both Korean and American Freshmen need to be educated in academic writing regardless of their first language.
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Fleming, Paulette Spruill. "Praxiological analysis of the environmental dimension in aesthetic learning /." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487262825078078.
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Pereira, John J. "TOVS Satellite Soundings of the ERICA IOP-2 Cyclone." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA237998.
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Thesis (M.S. in Meteorology)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 1990.Thesis Advisor(s): Wash, Carlyle H. Second Reader: Nuss, Wendell A. "June 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on October 20, 2009. DTIC Indicator(s): Satellite meteorology, Atmospheric sounding, ERICA(Experiment on Rapidly Intensifying Cyclones over the Atlantic), TIROS/N Satellite, TOVS(TIROS/N Operational Vertical Sounder), Explosive cyclogenesis, Cyclogenesis. Author(s) subject terms: Meteorology, Satellite Remote Sensing, TOVS soundings, Explosive Cyclogenesis. Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-66). Also available online.
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Joy, Subhashni Devi Singh Linden Tom. "Nature and nurture factors contributing to the development and continuation of eating disorders /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,154.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006.Title from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 10, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the School of Journalism and Mass Communication (Medical Journalism)." Discipline: Journalism and Mass Communication; Department/School: Journalism and Mass Communication, School of.
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Weirich, Melanie. "The influence of Nature and Nurture on speaker-specific parameters in twins speech." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät II, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16453.
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Die Dissertation thematisiert sprecherspezifische Variabilität bei ein- und zweieiigen Zwillingen hinsichtlich Artikulation, Akustik und Perzeption. Die zentrale Fragestellung ist, ob sprecherspezifische Charakteristika auf physiologisch-biologischen Differenzen der Sprecher beruhen (BIOLOGIE), oder sich auf gelernte, umweltabhängige Unterschiede zurückführen lassen (UMWELT). Artikulatorische und akustische Daten wurden von 4 eineiigen Zwillingspaaren (EZ, 100% genetische Übereinstimmung) und 3 zweieiigen Zwillingspaaren (ZZ, 50% genetische Übereinstimmung) analysiert. Zusätzlich wurde ein Perzeptionstest zur auditiven Ähnlichkeit der Zwillinge durchgeführt. Auf einen großen Einfluss des Faktors BIOLOGIE lässt sich schließen, wenn sich EZ ähnlicher sind als ZZ. Sind sich aber ZZ genauso ähnlich wie EZ, zeigt sich die Wichtigkeit der gleichen Lernumgebung (UMWELT). Die Ergebnisse weisen auf einen großen Einfluss des Faktors UMWELT und stützen die Hypothese, dass sprachliche Ziele gelernt sind und sich am auditiven Feedback orientieren. Darüber hinaus wurden drei Faktoren gefunden, die den Einfluss der BIOLOGIE intensivieren: a) Lautklasse, b) Wortakzent und c) Koartikulation. Plosive und Sibilanten sind aufgrund des stärker ausgeprägten linguo-palatalen Kontaktes mehr durch die individuelle Physiologie beeinflusst als Vokale. Außerdem wurde ein größerer Effekt des Faktors BIOLOGIE in unbetonten als in betonten Silben gefunden. Zusätzlich stellten sich koartikulatorische Prozesse als wichtig heraus: dynamische Parameter – artikulatorische Gesten und akustische Transitionen – sind stärker durch die Physiologie beeinflusst als statische Parameter – artikulatorische Ziele und stabile akustische Regionen. Sowohl der Faktor BIOLOGIE als auch der Faktor UMWELT sind einflussreiche Größen hinsichtlich sprecherspezifischer Variabilität. Welcher der beiden Faktoren die übergeordnete Rolle übernimmt, hängt von den spezifischen Charakteristika des untersuchten Parameters ab.This dissertation examines inter-speaker variability in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs in regard to articulation, acoustics and perception. The aim of the study is to evaluate whether speaker-specific variability reflects physiological differences between speakers (NATURE) or bases on learned variation due to social environmental influences (NURTURE). Articulatory and acoustic data was analyzed from 4 MZ twin pairs (100% identical genes) and 3 DZ twin pairs (50 % identical genes). Additionally, a perception experiment was carried out to explore the perceived auditory similarity. The effect of NATURE should have a larger impact than the effect of NURTURE, if a parameter differs more in DZ than in MZ twin pairs. If MZ and DZ twins show the same amount of inter-speaker variability, NURTURE seems to be crucial. Results point to the importance of NURTURE and shared social environment. Nevertheless, three factors were found that intensify the effect of NATURE: a) phoneme class, b) lexical stress, and c) degree of coarticulation. Somatosensory feedback plays a larger role for consonants than for vowels, and thus individual physiology was found to shape articulation more in sibilants and stops than in vowels. Additionally, a stronger impact of NATURE was found in parameters that are auditorily less salient: unstressed syllables were more similar in MZ than in DZ twins, while for stressed syllables this was not the case. Moreover, coarticulation turned out to be essential: dynamic parameters – articulatory gestures and acoustic transitions – were more influenced by physiological constraints (NATURE) than static parameters – articulatory targets and stable acoustic regions. Thus, both NATURE and NURTURE are crucial influencing factors in speaker-specific variability. However, the relative importance of the two factors is highly dependent on the specific characteristics of the investigated parameter.
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TARDITI, SPAGNOLI GIORGIO. "Nurture becomes nature: the evolving place of psychology in the theory of evolution." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/80377.
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The thesis here presented establishes a triple parallelism between biology and psychology. First, through Haeckel's recapitulation theory as the source of freudian and jungian psychology. Second, from the reductionist view of science to the new phenomenology of evolutionary developmental biology. Third, by overcoming the reductionist paradigm in biology through the Extended Synthesis and in psychology though the revisited archetype theory. By establishing these parallelisms, the thesis faces the nature vs. nurture debate on three epistemological levels, in which the external and internal levels are being mediatied by a middle one. This turns the dualistic debate into a heuristic paradigm aimed to resolve any irreducible dualism inherent in the reductionist view
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Brennan, Patrick Joseph, University of Western Sydney, College of Social and Health Sciences, and School of Applied Social and Human Sciences. "Dumb questions : blustering hostility : nature/nurture, the body and the sociology of child abuse." THESIS_CSHS_ASH_Brennan_P.xml, 2001. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/786.
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This thesis critiques the nature/nurture debate in sociology and applies current thinking to sociological work on child abuse. By examining the literature available within sociology, biology and ecology, the nature/nurture debate is shown to be a defining epistemological construct within sociology. In deconstructing the debate, this thesis shows that addressing biology within sociology does not require an acceptance of determinism and that a plurality of possibilities still exists. It also reveals that human corporeality is viscerally susceptible to the environment and that separating human social life from its corporeality merely reiterates the Judeo-Christian theology that human life is divinely separate from its environment. In applying contemporay and classical sociology to the issue of child abuse, this thesis destabilises contemporary notions of the plasticity of the body and the irrelevance of the biological sciences to human social life.Master of Arts (Hons) (Sociology)
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Elliott-Brennan, Patrick. "Dumb questions - blustering hostility nature/nurture, the body and the sociology of child abuse /." View thesis, 2001. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20040730.151852/index.html.
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Sudnick, Madeline Cassidy. "Nature and nurture: the influence of environmental conditions and parental care on avian offspring development." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1619025814154044.
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Richards, David L. "SENATOR BENJAMIN F. WADE AND THE INFLUENCE OF NATURE, NURTURE, AND ENVIRONMENT ON HIS ABOLITIONIST SENTIMENTS." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1462286336.
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Kramer, Paula. "Dancing materiality." Thesis, Coventry University, 2015. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/95453abd-9ad9-4154-bd46-7affd402bba7/1.
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This thesis studies materiality in the context of contemporary outdoor dance practices in the natural environment. The more particular territory of this research is comprised of receptivity-, materiality- and/or exposure-based practices, influenced predominantly by the international lineages of Amerta Movement and postmodern dance. This territory is understood to be a relevant niche domain that is relatively uncharted and particularly informative regarding questions of materiality. The practitioners that this study turns to are mostly located in the UK, but also in Germany. The key influence of Amerta is rooted in Central Java, Indonesia. The main empirical data was collected between 2010-2012 in the UK. This work is a practice-as-research project and consists of a written thesis and a performative afternoon. All questions and arguments have been generated and developed through movement – as well as text-based research practices. The methodology draws on qualitative, ethnographic research methods such as participant observation, fieldnote writing and interviews. It further employs creative research methods such as movement-based writing, research installations and the documented immersion into dance practice and performance making. The main theoretical resonances were found in the field of new materialism and speculative realism. The key arguments of the research were thus developed through creative practice and diffractive reading (Barad), particularly of the work of Jane Bennett, Karen Barad and Graham Harman. The findings of this research suggest that attending to materiality supports dancers in refining a sense of embodied emplacement that furthers movement practice, especially in outdoor contexts. Sensing ones own material body is paramount here. In resonance with new materialist and speculative realist scholarship this research argues that dance making takes place in intermaterial confederations that cross the familiar human- non-human divide. Such confederations allow for a decentralisation of the human positionality that is relevant beyond dance and affects ontological conceptualisations and practices of life at large. The findings of this thesis further suggest a partial integration of concepts that on philosophical grounds preclude each other. For the context of dance practice this research puts forward that Barad’s proposal of entanglement can co-function with and is co-relevant to the autonomy of objects and materials proposed by Harman. The thesis thus argues that materials of all different orders occur in inter-independence (Suryodarmo) rather than only entangled with or withdrawn from each other. Both discrete and independent entities and mutual affordances impact the practice of outdoor dance; reality both exceeds the dance and resonates materially within the human body.
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Tsai, Shu-Chen. "A Qualitative Study of the Family Environment and Nurture of Two Gifted Boys." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1088106332.
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Bridger, Sadie. "Sadie Bridger master's thesis : based on her installation "Inside the cook-room."." Online version of thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/12197.
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Pieterson, Elisabeth Corrie. "Nature versus Nurture: The Influence of Phylogenetic Relatedness, Origin, and Environment on Native and Introduced Woody Shrubs in the Eastern United States." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1534521742118989.
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Herold, Birgit. "Prosodische Verarbeitung und lexikalische Entwicklung sehr untergewichtiger Frühgeborener während des ersten Lebensjahres." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2011. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2011/4851/.
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Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Fragestellung, ob die Frühgeburtlichkeit eine Auswirkung auf den Spracherwerb im ersten Lebensjahr hat. Insbesondere wurde der Frage nachgegangen, ob sich die Verarbeitung der rhythmisch-prosodischen Eigenschaften von Sprache im ersten Lebensjahr und deren weitere Ausnutzung für die Entwicklung des Lexikons bei sehr untergewichtigen Deutsch lernenden Frühgeborenen im Vergleich zu Reifgeborenen unterscheidet. Die besondere Spracherwerbssituation Frühgeborener liefert weitere Erkenntnisse bezüglich der Frage, inwieweit der frühe Spracherwerb durch prädeterminierte reifungsbedingte Mechanismen und Abläufe bestimmt wird und inwieweit dessen Verlauf und die relevanten Erwerbsmechanismen durch individuelle erfahrungsabhängige Faktoren beeinflusst werden. Damit liefern die Ergebnisse auch einen weiteren Beitrag zur Nature-Nurture-Diskussion.This research addresses the question if and how premature birth effects language acquisition during the first year of life. In particular the study focus on whether prosodic processing of language and the utilization of this knowledge for the acquisition of the lexicon during the fist year of life differs between German learning very low birth weight infants and term born infants. The specific exposure and postnatal situation of premature infants provide insights on the determination of early language acquisition and processes, and on the determination of language acquisition and its relevant mechanisms by individual experience. The results contribute to the nature-nurture discussion.
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Roarty, Lynn. "The 'vampires in the sacristy' : feminist body theory and (socio)biological reductionism into the 21st century /." Murdoch University Digital Theses Program, 2009. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20091027.70346.
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Skagenholt, Mikael. "Nature and Nurture in Numerical Cognition : Investigating the Idea of a Generalized Magnitude System for Number, Space, and Time." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-108124.
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Current research in the field of numerical cognition reveals strong behavioral interactions and similar processing mechanisms for the perceptions of space, time, and number; which is generally believed to indicate that these dimensions share a common metric for representation in the brain. These three dimensions of magnitude––analog, ratio dependent representations of space, time, and number––are essential for interaction with the environment, and provide a conceptual basis on which further perceptual experience enhances the discrimination of distance, speed, numerosity, quantity, and size. Basic, approximate and non-verbal conceptions of spatial navigation, temporal orienting, and numerical computations have been found in human adults and children, as well as non-human animals, while the employment of discrete measures seems to be a consequence of a verbally and culturally mediated ontogenetic shift exclusive to humans (e.g. Feigenson, Libertus, and Halberda, 2013). This thesis investigates the link between nature and nurture, in an attempt to find the key factor that ultimately induces the ontogenetic shift from approximate to exact representations of space, time, and number. An extensive theoretical review is performed, based on both neuroscientific and cross-cultural data, where I propose that cultural and linguistic mediation is as vital to the representational advancement of numerical cognition as our biologically predisposed magnitude system. The neuroscientific approach is strongly based on a leading––but controversial––theory in the field of numerical cognition, ATOM (Walsh, 2003), which suggests that both human and non-human animals possess a generalized magnitude system with fully shared representational mechanisms for space, time, and number. To further illustrate the assumed theoretical stance of ATOM, an exploratory fMRI study with a single participant is performed, with results closely resembling those argued by Walsh (2003).
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Curlin, Caroline. "Biological and Environmental Determinants of Self-conception : Implications for Empathy." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1991. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278416/.
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Johnson, Scott Gregory. "Verbal agression [i.e. aggression] in military communication genetics vs. environment /." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. http://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2007m/johnson.pdf.
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Dubreuil, Etienne. "Genetic and environmental influences on heart rate and cardiac-related autonomic activity in five-month-old twins." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82858.
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The first chapter of this thesis consists in a critical review of the literature on cardiac and cardiac-related autonomic activity, and infant development. Empirical findings are presented on mechanisms of interaction between heart rate and the autonomic nervous system; their relationship with infant development; their genetic and environmental influences; their gender effects; and related quantification issues.This is followed by a study of 322 5-month-old twin pairs that investigated the genetic and environmental influences on sleeping heart rate and cardiac-related autonomic activity, as indexed by spectral analysis of heart rate variability and response to postural change. The postural change elicited only minor changes in cardiovascular activity, perhaps due to immaturity of the baroreflex. As a result, analyses focused on supine cardiovascular activity. Multivariate genetic modeling indicated that individual differences in sleeping HR and high frequency HR variability were determined by unique environmental and distinct additive genetic factors. These variables, along with low frequency HR variability, were also affected by overlapping familial environmental influences. Familial influences on individual differences in high frequency HR variability were more pronounced for baby girls than boys. Estimates of relative low and high frequency HR variability were determined by common (familial) and unique environmental factors; familial influences on these estimates of HR variability did not overlap with familial influences on sleeping HR.
A second study using the same twin sample is then presented. Its objectives were to investigate the indices of genetic and environmental etiology of individual differences in five month-old twins' HR reactivity and to evaluate the possible overlap, if any, between the familial influences on HR in states of sleep and reactivity. Multivariate genetic modeling showed that the total variance of individual differences was decomposed in the following manner: Sleeping and awake HR were under the influence of shared additive genetic factors; sleeping HR also shared common environmental influences with the absolute power spectrum values; and absolute high frequency power additionally had phenotype-specific additive genetic factors influencing its expression. Relative power spectrum values were under the influence of phenotype-specific common environmental factors.
Overall, these results suggest the presence of important familial (genetic and environmental) influences on heart rate and cardiac-related autonomic activity at five months of age: There is an absence of overlap of these (familial) additive genetic influences but the presence of a partial overlap of the (familial) environmental influences.
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Bullock, Bernadette Marie. "Twin deviant peer association and problem behavior : a test of genetic and environmental influence /." view abstract or download file of text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3055674.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2002.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-116). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Weirich, Melanie [Verfasser], B. [Akademischer Betreuer] Pompino-Marschall, and J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Harrington. "The influence of Nature and Nurture on speaker-specific parameters in twins speech : acoustics, articulation and perception / Melanie Weirich. Gutachter: B. Pompino-Marschall ; J. Harrington." Berlin : Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät II, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1019361824/34.
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Henson, Richard John. "Lost in a straight corridor : psychosis and the monstrous threshold : nature versus nurture in schizophrenia spectrum psychosis and its role in the development of monstrous characters." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/ff5b73b5-10f1-42c9-a025-94a7bd670450.
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'Psychosis and the Monstrous Threshold; Nature Versus Nurture in Schizophrenia Spectrum Psychosis and its Role in the Development of Monstrous Characters' is a creative and theoretical thesis that explores the limits of the monstrous archetype in literature. This thesis consists of two sections, a novel and a critical commentary. The novel is entitled Lost in a Straight Corridor. It is an exploration of the life of Fitzgerald Thawn, a man who brutally murders three people, including his mother. The narrative switches between 1962 and the modern day to follow the events of Fitz the boy and Fitzgerald the man respectively to allow the reader insight into Fitzgerald's personal history. The critical commentary explores two distinct concepts utilised in the novel, the Monstrous Arc and the Monstrous Threshold. The Monstrous Arc is a twist of the heroic story arc, where the character commits to evil acts instead of deciding to change their ways. The Monstrous Threshold is the instance where the reader cannot empathise with a character. To support my research, I draw on developmental research on Schizophrenia pattern disorders. This includes works by the researchers Richard Bentall, R.D. Laing, and Robert A. Neimeyer. The novel draws on a few key narrative mechanics, including indeterminacy, narratology, the heroic story arc, the unfinished story, and monster theory in literature. I include work from literary theorists such as Stephen Asma, J.J. Cohen, and Walter J. Ong to support my theoretic work, and to illuminate my choices in the novel's construction.
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Cazaudehore, Sebastien. "The social human : between essence and existence /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18472.pdf.
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Beyers, Christelle. "Exploring a sustainability imagination : a perspective on the integrating and visioning role of stories and symbolism in sustainability through an alternative education case study." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/936.
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Stein, Brittany S. M. "Writing Blood and Nature: Redemption in Jim Harrison's Dalva and The Road Home." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1338396501.
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Rhodes, Moriah. "Nature Nurtures." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4824.
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Richmond, Virginia is defined by our connection to the James River. The James River Park system stretches over 550 acres of natural beauty. The park is broken into 14 different sections from the Huguenot Bridge in the west to a half mile beyond the I-95 Bridge in the east. The James River includes water features that appeal to the young and curious to the most experienced river-adventurer. The James River Park System boasts idyllic shorelines, peaceful meadows, and miles of challenging hiking and biking trails that appeal to the community and guests alike. Every year thousands of people come to Richmond for activities and events like the XTerra Races, Dominion RiverRock, the Folk Festival and many more. Amazingly, at this time, there are no convenient downtown or riverfront facilities to allow locals and guests of Richmond to interact with the James River Park system.
With use of the Pattern Building at Tredegar Iron Works, this project will combine the ideas of biophilia, and eco-tourism to design a boutique hotel that will cater to outdoor enthusiasts. In addition to guest suites, this boutique hotel will offer an outdoor recreation rental, retail and repair facility that will offer bikes, kayaks, tubes, paddle-boards, climbing equipment and other essentials for outdoor exploration. A small cafe will offer healthy, locally sourced, farm to table snack and drink options. Both indoor and outdoor seating areas and/or lounges will be available for relaxation. The outdoor patio will feature an interactive garden and give guests a place to enjoy scenic views, practice yoga, meditate and relax. In addition this space could be rented to host special events.
The term Biophilia was first used by a German-born American psychoanalyst Erich Fromm in The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness (1973), which described the term as “the passionate love of life and of all that is alive”. Later the term was used by American biologist Edward O. Wilson in his work Biophilia (1984), that proposed that humans tendency to focus and affiliate with nature and other life-forms has a genetic basis. Humans biologically gravitate toward the rich and diverse shapes, colors and life that exists in the natural world. As we are drawn to the natural world, we also benefit from it. Nature nurtures us and has a positive effect on our health, well-being and happiness. Research led by Yoshifumi Miyazaki at Chiba University sent 84 subjects to stroll in seven different forests, while the same number of people walked city centers. Overall, those who spent time in the forest, showed a 16% decrease in the stress hormone cortisol, a 2% drop in blood pressure, and a 4% drop in heart rate. Although we spend nearly 90% of our lives indoors, those interior environments often do not reflect the characteristics of nature, trigger a positive emotional response, and are not often designed in a sustainable manner. Too often, our surroundings are designed in a way that deteriorate the environment and separate us from the natural world. The built environment of this project will emphasize the human need for contact with nature that is good for physical, emotional and physiological benefit and satisfaction.
While Eco-Tourism is not a new concept the popularity of Eco-tourism increased in the 1980’s when large scale educational efforts by the government touted the benefits of conserving and protecting the environment and planet. Eco-Tourism is a piece of the “Green Movement” (scientific, social and political movement addressing environmental issues) but since there has been an increase in information about how people are negatively impacting the planet. The travel industry has been considered a strong influence and a demand for green hotels, restaurants and transportation is on the rise. Eco-Tourism is defined as “responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of the local people, and involves interpretation and education”.
Tourism often comes with its footprint on the environment. Tourism and hospitality must be sustainable. How can we still enjoy the natural wonders of the world yet minimize our impact? By exploring the concepts of Eco-tourism this project will reflect a positive environment and educate visitors on how to make their own changes. Guests will be encouraged to interact with the natural wonders of Richmond in a low impact manner, so that it may remain for others to enjoy.
Research begins by understanding terms like sustainability, Eco-tourism and biophilic design and continues by researching and experiencing examples of them. By studying cases like Frank Lloyd Wrights project “Falling Water” and Mies van der Rohe’s project “Farnworth House,” understanding of a unique connection to the organic environment can occur. By studying Swedish architects Martin Videgard and Bolle Thams project “Tree Hotel” ways to incorporate travel with nature will be discovered. Finally by studying Agence Ter’s project the “Pudong Left Bank” in Shanghai inspiration on how to encourage a city to interact with its natural environment will occur.
The goal of this project is to understand the relationship between human and nature and how it can be controlled and how we can benefit from an Interior Environment.
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Ismail, Ibrahim. "Effects of genetic and experiential explanations for killing on subsequent bug-killing behaviour and moral acceptance of killing." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1639.
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This study examined people’s attitudes towards killing bugs and their bug-killing behaviour in the context of nature vs. nurture explanations of bug killing. Previous research shows that exposure to genetic (i.e., nature) explanations could have undesirable effects on people’s attitudes and behaviour, compared to the exposure to experiential(i.e., nurture) explanations. Genetic explanations for killing may affect attitudes towards killing and killing behaviour, because they suggest that killing behaviour is predetermined or programmed by nature. Such explanations may also be used by individuals to overcome guilt and dissonance from prior killing or killing in which they are about to participate. This study tested the idea that exposure to genetic explanations for bug killing would lead people to view killing bugs as more morally acceptable, as well as lead them to kill more bugs. A sample of university students was randomly assigned into three conditions, in which they read either genetic or experiential explanations for why people kill bugs or read a neutral passage. The study utilised a procedure in which participants were led to believe that they were killing bugs (although in actuality no bugs were killed), to observe their killing behaviour in a self-paced killing task. Half of the participants were also asked to kill a bug prior to the self-paced killing task. Results showed that participants who read genetic explanations viewed bug killing as more morally acceptable, compared to participants who read experiential explanations, and this occurred particularly among those who engaged in the prior killing task. However, no similar effects emerged for the number of bugs killed, though there was a positive correlation between the moral acceptance of bug killing and the number of bugs killed. Implications of genetic explanations with respect to aggression and killing are discussed.
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Hicks, III Kennie. "Developing Courageous Influence: The Direct Impact of Society, Cultural Views, and Good Father-Daughter Relationships on Adolescent Girls." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/secfr-conf/2020/schedule/34.
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Fathers play a major role in their son’s lives. From teaching them how to play football to having the birds and the bees talk with them. Statistics show that a son is greatly affected by whether his father is around or not. So that leaves the question of are girls just as affected as boys are by a father’s presence? For example, what did Mulan, the movie character, have in her life that some girls do not? A rare, yet healthy bond with her father could be the very factor that affected her attitude, values, and beliefs tremendously. The Social Learning Theory and nature versus nurture ideology are used to explain how this factor could be the very difference in her overall development. Briefly discussed is the Social Learning Theory, nature versus nurture ideology, Chinese culture, Mulan’s relationship with her father and how it correlates with Mulan’s overall development.
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Kaze, Douglas Eric. "The environmental imagination in Arthur Nortje’s poetry." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/58024.
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This thesis seeks to contribute to the conversations in the humanities about the treatment of the physical environment in the context of a global ecological fragility and increased scholarly interest in the poetry of Arthur Nortje, a South African poet who wrote in the 1960s. While previous studies on Nortje concentrate on the political, psychic and technical aspects of his poetry, this study particularly explores the representations of the environment in Nortj e’s poetic imagination. Writing in the dark period of apartheid in South Africa’s history, Nortje’s poetry articulates a strong interest in the physical environment against the backdrop of official racialization of space and his personal nomadic life and exile. The poetry abounds with constant intersections of nature and culture (industrialism, urbanity and the quotidian), a sense of place and a deep sense of dislocation. The poems, therefore, present a platform from which to reevaluate conventional ecocritical ideas about nature, place-attachment and environmental consciousness. Drawing mainly on Felix Guattari’s ideas of three ecologies and transversality along with other theories, I conduct the study through what I call a transversal postcolonial environmental criticism, which considers the ecological value of the kind of assemblages that Nortje’s works represent. The first chapter focuses on conceptualizing a postcolonial approach to the environment based on Guattari’s concept of transversality to lay the theoretical foundation for the whole work. The second chapter analyses Nortje’s poetic imagination of place and displacement through his treatment of the private-public tension and the motif of exile. While the third chapter examines Nortje’s depiction of nature as both an everyday and urban phenomenon, the fourth chapter turns to his direct treatment of environmental crises handled through his imagination of the Canadian urban spaces, exile memory of apartheid geography, war and ecocide and the human body as a subject of environmental degradation. The fifth chapter, which is the conclusion, takes a brief look at the implication of Nortje’s complex treatment of the environment on postcolonial environmentalism.
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Favicchia, Lisa. "Daughter Of." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1491306364942036.
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Pagnotta, Murillo. "Living and learning together : integrating developmental systems theory, radical embodied cognitive science, and relational thinking in the study of social learning." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16386.
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Behavioural scientists argue that ‘social learning' provides the link between biological phenomena and cultural phenomena because of its role in the ‘cultural transmission' of knowledge among individuals within and across generations. However, leading authors within the social sciences have proposed alternative ways of thinking about social life not founded on the Modern oppositions including nature-culture, biology-culture, body-mind, and individual-society. Similarly, the distinction between a domain of nature and a domain of nurture has also been extensively criticized within biology. Finally, advocates of ‘radical embodied cognitive science' offer an alternative to the representational-computational view of the mind which supports the conventional notion of culture and cultural information. This thesis attempts to integrate developmental systems theory, radical embodied cognitive science, and relational thinking, with the goal to bring the field of social learning closer to these critical theoretical developments. In Chapter 2, I find no justification for the claim that the genome carries information in the sense of specification of biological form. Chapter 3 presents a view of ontogeny as a historical, relational, constructive and contingent process. Chapter 4 uses the notions of environmental information, abilities, affordances, and intentions to make sense of behaviour and learning. In Chapter 5, I argue that the notion of social learning can be understood in terms of relational histories of development rather than in terms of transmission of information. I then report empirical studies investigating behavioural coordination and social learning consistent with this theoretical framework. Chapter 6 presents evidence that dyads in a joint making activity synchronize their attention constrained by their changing situation and that coordination of attention is predictive of implicit and explicit learning. Chapter 7 presents evidence that joint attention does not require gaze following and that attentional coordination is predictive of learning a manual task. Together, these theoretical and empirical studies suggest a new way of thinking about how humans and other animals live and learn socially, one that is consistent with critical theoretical and philosophical developments that are currently neglected in the literature on social learning.
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Consoli, Theresa. "Imagining Epigenetics : An explorative study of transdisciplinary embodiments, and feminist entanglements." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Genus, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-123665.
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This thesis proposes the relevance of epigenetic research to feminist studies and gender studies, and vice versa, and asks how epigenetics speaks to the so-called sex-gender distinction. It also discusses what epigenetics could potentially tell us about ourselves, and our place in a world where we are all creatures of both nature and nurture. The author proposes that with its promise of insight into the relationship of the body to environment and experience over time, epigenetics could be an inextricable link between nature and nurture. Combining a modified version of diffractive analysis, and gender/sex as an analytical device, the author engages with epigenetic research and its representation in popular science and in the public imaginary. After discussing the striations of feminist discourse on permeable bodies, the author proposes epigenetics as another layer in the strata, placing epigenetics within feminist and gender studies literature and discourse. Noting that as research gains ground the way in which the public imagines and describes epigenetics gives shape to its materialization and development, this thesis asserts the urgent need for social sciences, and in particular feminist and gender studies, to engage in critical discourse
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Morra, Erica, and Lisa Zenker. "Chapter 1: In Search of Innate Leadership : Discovering, Evaluating and Understanding Innateness." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-34622.
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Every individual is born with different natural competencies that can be honed by both voluntary and involuntary environmental stimuli. The response our genotype decides to make, if any, towards those stimuli, determines how well our competencies develop. Each person’s coding and variations of genes will result in unique qualities in their phenotype, or physical structure. As a result, a person has various traits that are displayed through their behavior. DNA is genetically shown to express itself through traits by up to 75%. This leaves a sort of buffer of around 25%. This region is available for us to adapt to our environmental stimuli. Your innate qualities will not reach their full potential without stimulation from the environment, in a leadership case, with education and training and therefore it can be argued that environmental exposure is necessary to fully expose the potentials and capabilities of an individual, rather than instill a new skill or develop a talent that was not existent before. Innate leadership is not a permanent state, on the contrary, it is a continuously adaptive situation demanding contextual evolutionary changes or resignation from the subject occupying the role. When the needs and demands of a society or era outweigh the relevance of the innate leaders' traits and competencies, an evolution of leadership is needed to maintain a positive relationship between all parties involved. As a result, the innate leader will begin to lose their innateness in their role and unless they evolve and adapt (because the two actions are not the same) to new contextual needs, their tenure as leader will begin to be detrimental and counter-functional. What we want to put forward is a real, universal and constructive understanding of what makes a human happy, motivated and productive and how an innate person in context is a much better solution in the short and long run, for those around them when put to a task.
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Nyh, Johan. "From Snow White to Frozen : An evaluation of popular gender representation indicators applied to Disney’s princess films." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för geografi, medier och kommunikation, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-36877.
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Simple content analysis methods, such as the Bechdel test and measuring percentage of female talk time or characters, have seen a surge of attention from mainstream media and in social media the last couple of years. Underlying assumptions are generally shared with the gender role socialization model and consequently, an importance is stated, due to a high degree to which impressions from media shape in particular young children’s identification processes. For young girls, the Disney Princesses franchise (with Frozen included) stands out as the number one player commercially as well as in customer awareness. The vertical lineup of Disney princesses spans from the passive and domestic working Snow White in 1937 to independent and super-power wielding princess Elsa in 2013, which makes the line of films an optimal test subject in evaluating above-mentioned simple content analysis methods. As a control, a meta-study has been conducted on previous academic studies on the same range of films. The sampled research, within fields spanning from qualitative content analysis and semiotics to coded content analysis, all come to the same conclusions regarding the general changes over time in representations of female characters. The objective of this thesis is to answer whether or not there is a correlation between these changes and those indicated by the simple content analysis methods, i.e. whether or not the simple popular methods are in general coherence with the more intricate academic methods.Betyg VG (skala IG-VG)
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Nagrani, Nagina. "Nature vs Nurture: Effects of Learning on Evolution." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/24610.
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In the field of Evolutionary Robotics, the design, development and application of artificial neural networks as controllers have derived their inspiration from biology. Biologists and artificial intelligence researchers are trying to understand the effects of neural network learning during the lifetime of the individuals on evolution of these individuals by qualitative and quantitative analyses. The conclusion of these analyses can help develop optimized artificial neural networks to perform any given task. The purpose of this thesis is to study the effects of learning on evolution. This has been done by applying Temporal Difference Reinforcement Learning methods to the evolution of Artificial Neural Tissue controller. The controller has been assigned the task to collect resources in a designated area in a simulated environment. The performance of the individuals is measured by the amount of resources collected. A comparison has been made between the results obtained by incorporating learning in evolution and evolution alone. The effects of learning parameters: learning rate, training period, discount rate, and policy on evolution have also been studied. It was observed that learning delays the performance of the evolving individuals over the generations. However, the non zero learning rate throughout the evolution process signifies natural selection preferring individuals possessing plasticity.
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Hoerr, W. M. "The evolution of knowledge /." 1996. http://mocha.lib.utas.edu.au/public/adt-TU20051027.121341.
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Huang, Yu-hui, and 黃裕惠. "Nature/Nurture in Caryl Churchill’s Plays with Special Reference to Comic Techniques." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/08576288410421435651.
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博士淡江大學
英文學系
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This is a thematic study of Caryl Churchill’s plays. Through a close reading of her nine plays with special reference to her comic techniques, this dissertation examines a recurrent theme in her work: group socialization and free will. She asks the audience why people gradually lose enthusiasm toward life and start to tolerate social injustice and human folly. Exactly, how have people been molded to be who they are today? This socialist/feminist playwright discusses the nature- versus- nurture issue through her plays. I categorize this theme into five topics: institutionalization, aggression and apathy, sexuality, gender roles, and rebellion. First, Churchill demonstrates how people are disciplined to be obedient. At home, at school, in the workplace and in society, we all “keep an eye on one another.” In Softcops (1984) and The Hospital at the Time of the Revolution (1972), she uses the growth of children to illustrate how people gradually lose their selves through institutionalization. The exaggerated dialogue and actions of ludicrous characters make these plays comical. Second, Churchill emphasizes how people are nurtured to be aggressive and apathetic toward others’ misery. In The Ants (1962) and Far Away (2000), innocent children grow up to be indifferent to the human cruelty, which wreaks its sad havoc on the whole world. Absurdist associations make these gloomy plays comical. Third, Churchill reveals how people cope with their sexual orientation and preferences when they do not conform to the society’s expectations and practices. In Lovesick (1967) and Cloud Nine (1979), these sexual minorities repress their sexual orientation during childhood in order to conform to the world in which they have been brought up and continued to struggle throughout their adulthood. Extreme contrasts and hilarious cross-dressing make these serious plays amusing. Fourth, Churchill exemplifies how women, especially the poor, are forced to undertake their gender roles. In Fen (1983), girls have very petty dreams of being a career woman: a nurse, a hairdresser or a teacher. However, they have to end up giving up their dreams, being housewives and having part-time manual jobs. They learn these since girlhood, and it seems the dilemma will last as long as forever. Hilarious episodes ease the tension in these stories. And the fifth part of my dissertation discusses how Churchill discloses a dim hope for human kind: good conscience from the rebellious people. Not Not Not Not Not Enough Oxygen (1971) depicts a dystopian world where human civilization decays to some unbearable degree, but many “fanatics” have tried to alter the situation against their parents’ expectations. The three people’s unusual speech makes fun of the future world and makes the play funny. Churchill’s This Is a Chair (1997) is a collage of eight scenes featuring eight domestic or global affairs through different dramatic presentations and speech modes. I consider that This Is a Chair can be seen as an overview of Churchill’s dramatic works. Undoubtedly Churchill favors the nurture assumption. Churchill seems to believe that what has been done can always be undone. When the society has done harm to people through different kinds of control, there should always be non-conformist “fanatics” who demonstrate to the faceless mass the value of human life.
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Brennan, Patrick J. "Dumb questions : blustering hostility : nature/nurture, the body and the sociology of child abuse." Thesis, 2001. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/786.
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This thesis critiques the nature/nurture debate in sociology and applies current thinking to sociological work on child abuse. By examining the literature available within sociology, biology and ecology, the nature/nurture debate is shown to be a defining epistemological construct within sociology. In deconstructing the debate, this thesis shows that addressing biology within sociology does not require an acceptance of determinism and that a plurality of possibilities still exists. It also reveals that human corporeality is viscerally susceptible to the environment and that separating human social life from its corporeality merely reiterates the Judeo-Christian theology that human life is divinely separate from its environment. In applying contemporay and classical sociology to the issue of child abuse, this thesis destabilises contemporary notions of the plasticity of the body and the irrelevance of the biological sciences to human social life.
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Tan, Gary. "Nature versus nurture: the influence of personal attributes and traits in determining an individual’s risk taking in trading." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/102383.
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My thesis examines the saliency and power that the personal attributes an individual is born with (nature variables) and life experiences (nurture variables) have on an individual's risk taking in trading. My research is motivated by studies in the psychology, economics and finance literature that posit these variables have an impact on an individual’s risk taking, albeit not specifically related to trading. My results show that both nature and nurture variables are significant predictors of risk taking in trading and imply it is possible to profile an individual’s risk taking propensity in trading by capturing these factors.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Business School, 2016.