Academic literature on the topic 'NATURE / Animals / Wildlife'
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Journal articles on the topic "NATURE / Animals / Wildlife"
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C. L. Gross, Dr. "People and Nature Conservation Perspectives on Private Land Use and Endangered Species Recovery." Pacific Conservation Biology 3, no. 1 (1997): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc970075.
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Overall this is a very good book, although I must take umbrage with the title which does not represent the content of the book which is primarily about animals (wildlife) and not animals and plants (nature). This book, then, is about People and Wildlife Conservation.
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Twardek, William M., Kathryn S. Peiman, Austin J. Gallagher, and Steven J. Cooke. "Fido, Fluffy, and wildlife conservation: The environmental consequences of domesticated animals." Environmental Reviews 25, no. 4 (December 2017): 381–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2016-0111.
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Humans have created a strong relationship with cats and dogs by domesticating them. Whether owned by a human or living feral, modern domestic cats and dogs interact extensively with people and the environment. The negative interactions between these domesticated animals and wildlife have been discussed in several reviews, but few reports have provided an overview of both the positive and negative impacts these domesticated animals have on wildlife conservation. Here, we describe the diverse issues associated with domestic cats and dogs and wildlife including predation, competition, pathogen transmission, hybridization, behavioural modification, harvest of wild animals for pet food, and creation of human–wildlife conflict. We then discuss their role in supporting conservation efforts (e.g., use in species identification and tracking, biological control), and shaping our social values towards animals and appreciation for nature. Finally, we suggest necessary steps to harmonize our relationship with cats and dogs and the conservation of wildlife. For owned animals, there is potential for pet owners to support conservation efforts through a ‘pet tax’ adopted by veterinary clinics and pet stores to be used for wildlife conservation. Moreover, information regarding the impacts of these animals on wildlife and potential solutions (e.g., voluntarily keeping cats and dogs inside or use of “pet curfews”, use of bells to alert wildlife to cats) should be made available to owners who are most likely to have an influence on the behaviour of their companion animal.
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Bennett, Andrew F. "Eucalypts, wildlife and nature conservation: from individual trees to landscape patterns." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 128, no. 1 (2016): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rs16007.
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Eucalypts — gums, stringybarks, box, ironbarks and mallees — are key elements of ecosystems occupied by much of Australia’s distinctive and unique wildlife. Individual eucalypts provide an array of food resources (e.g. foliage, seeds, nectar, sap) for animals, while shelter, refuge and breeding sites for many species are associated with the physical structures of eucalypts (e.g. dense foliage, bark crevices, hollows) and fallen material (logs, leaf litter). Stands of eucalypts make up patches of habitat that sustain populations and communities of animals. The size and shape of a patch, its tree-species composition and age structure, and the context of the patch (isolation, topographic position) influence the species that occur and the structure of animal communities. At a landscape scale, the extent and spatial pattern of eucalypt forests and woodlands and the types of land uses and disturbance regimes they experience (e.g. logging, grazing, fire) shape the distribution and conservation status of animal species across extensive areas. Eucalypts form a distinctive part of the natural and cultural heritage of Australia, yet too often they are taken for granted. The value that Australians place on the protection, management and restoration of eucalypts, from individual trees to ecosystems, will have a critical role in determining the future of Australian wildlife.
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Von Dietze, Erich, and Dianne Gardner. "Euthanizing wildlife: experiences and coping strategies among people who conduct euthanasia." Pacific Conservation Biology 20, no. 1 (2014): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc140028.
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Researchers who work with animals commonly face the dilemma of euthanizing some animals. Euthanasia of animals, especially where it concerns pest wildlife or feral species, is often a sensitive and emotive topic and can raise vigorous public debate. However, little is known about the experiences of those who euthanize animals. This study interviewed a number of people about their experiences of animal euthanasia in order to attain a better understanding of any impacts on the person involved in the euthanasia. Participants were mainly researchers, including some no longer working directly with animals and some who provide support services. The participants had a range of experience in wildlife research, and veterinary practices as well as laboratory, farm, and animal shelters. Thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative interview data. Key emerging themes included the language used to describe euthanasia, the coping strategies that individuals applied, and the organizational factors which could ensure an appropriate context for researchers carrying out euthanasia. Participants reported that social support for emotional stress arising from euthanasia was generally not available. Organizational factors which impacted on participants included decision making processes, availability of training and support, work practices and justifications for euthanasia. The paper concludes that it is important not to pathologize the experiences of researchers but to recognize that the way the decision to euthanize is reached and the training it is based on can make a significant difference to a person’s attitudes and levels of comfort when euthanizing animals.
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Bodmer, Richard E. "Priorities for the conservation of mammals in the Peruvian Amazon." Oryx 29, no. 1 (January 1995): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300020834.
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Setting priorities for wildlife conservation in the Peruvian Amazon must deal with a variety of issues, including subsistence and commercial hunting, loss of habitat from deforestation, and the international trade in wildlife and wildlife products. However, what is the rank of these priorities for wildlife conservation in Peruvian Amazonia? One way to evaluate priorities for wildlife conservation is by determining how different human activities affect the number of animals removed from the populations. This yields a measure of the impact of these activities on animal populations and enables wildlife managers to rank priorities for wildlife conservation efforts.
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Sukistyanawati, Agustin, Hari Pramono, Bagus Suseno, Heru Cahyono, and Sapto Andriyono. "Wild Animals Inventarisation In Sempu Island Nature Reserve [ Wild Animals Inventarisation In Sempu Island Nature Reserve]." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 8, no. 1 (January 13, 2019): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v8i1.11188.
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AbstrakKeberadaan satwa liar di cagar alam diharapkan terus lestari dan menjadi simpanan sumberdaya genetik dimasa yang akan data. Beragam aktivitas yang dilakukan di Cagar Alam Pulau Sempu (CAPS) saat ini dirasa sangat perlu dilakukan pengelolaan sesuai dengan status kawasan konservasi yang berupa cagar alam. Aktivitas ekotourism yang berkembang dikawasan sekitar CAPS memicu kekhawatiran akan terganggunya keberadaaan dan keanekaragaman satwa yang menghuni kawasan konservasi di Malang selatan ini. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan survei potensi satwa liar dilakukan di CAPS. Penelitian ini penelitian deskriptif yang menguraikan data-data yang didapatkan dan dijelaskan baik dengan tabel maupun grafik. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan September-Nopember 2015. Metode jelajah digunakan dalam pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian telah menemukan 66 jenis jenis burung. Dari sejumlah burung tersebut memiliki status berbeda-beda yaitu 10 jenis burung endemik Indonesia, 25 jenis burung dilindungi, empat jenis migran, sembilan jenis merupakan Appendix CITES, empat jenis burung bernilai konservasi tinggi (jenis-jenis yang masuk dalam Redlist IUCN) yaitu Pelatuk merah (Chrysophlegma miniaceum) dan Sikatan-rimba dadacoklat (Rhinomyias olivaceus).Sedangkan jenis mamalia ditemukan sembilan species dan reptilia sebanyak tujuh species. Selain jenis burung, mamalia dan reptil, hasil survei ini juga telah menemukan satu species Lepidoptera terdokumentasikan adalah Idea stolli. Kajian tentang kelompok satwa ini perlu mendapatkan perhatian mengingat pentingnya dalam ekologis di CAPS. Abstract The existence of wildlife in the nature reserves is expected to continue to be sustainable and resource savings in the future genetic data. Various activities undertaken in Sempu Island Nature Reserve (CAPS) is currently considered very necessary to manage in accordance with the status of protected areas such as nature reserves. Activities ecotourism growing region around Cap sparked fears of a disruption of the existence and diversity of wildlife that inhabits the conservation area in the south of Malang. Therefore, the potential for wildlife survey work carried out at CAPS. This study was a descriptive study that describes the data obtained and described both with tables and graphs. The study was conducted in September-November 2015. Exploring method used to collect data in this study. The results have been found 66 kinds of birds. From the number of birds that have the status of different namely 10 species of birds endemic to Indonesia, 25 species of protected birds, four types of migrants, nine types of the Appendix of CITES.The Banded Red Woodpecker (Chrysophlegma miniaceum) and Olive-back jungle-flycatcher (Rhinomyias olivaceus) are included in Redlist IUCN.Sedangkan found nine species of mammals and reptiles, seven species. In addition to birds, mammals and reptiles, the results of the survey also found one species of Lepidoptera is the Idea stolli documented.Studies on that animals need attention because of their ecological role in CAPS
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Luther, Erin. "Urban Wildlife Organizations and the Institutional Entanglements of Conservation’s Urban Turn." Society & Animals 26, no. 2 (April 10, 2018): 186–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685306-12341587.
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Abstract Urban wildlife organizations—which include groups focused on wildlife rehabilitation, rescue, removal, advocacy, education, and conflict resolution—have typically been viewed as out of step with the goals of wildlife conservation because of their focus on encounters with individual nonhuman animals, common species, and degraded habitats. The recent shift by large conservation NGOs toward a “humans and nature together” framework, because of its focus on urban natures, has brought the field into discursive relation with urban wildlife organizations. Drawing on a case study of four wildlife organizations in an urban center, this research explores their discourse about human-wildlife relationships in the city, and the challenges and opportunities presented by their emergent intersections.
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Stoddart, Mark C. J. "Grizzlies and Gondolas: Animals and the Meaning of Skiing Landscapes in British Columbia, Canada." Nature and Culture 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 41–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/nc.2011.060103.
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This article examines several ways in which animals are brought into skiing in British Columbia, Canada. Discourse analysis, interviews with skiers, and field observation are used to analyze how skiing joins together skiers, mountain landscapes, and non-human animals. First, animals enter ski industry discourse primarily as symbols of nature, or as species that ski corporations manage through habitat stewardship. Second, environmentalists recruit animals—particularly bears and mountain caribou—into a discourse of wildlife and wilderness values that are threatened by ski industry expansion. From this standpoint, skiing landscapes transform wildlife landscapes to meet the needs of a global tourist economy. Finally, skiers' talk about their own encounters with animals illustrates how embodied animals also shape skiers' experience of mountainous nature.
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D'Cruze, Neil, Délagnon Assou, Emma Coulthard, John Norrey, David Megson, David W. Macdonald, Lauren A. Harrington, Delphine Ronfot, Gabriel H. Segniagbeto, and Mark Auliya. "Snake oil and pangolin scales: insights into wild animal use at “Marché des Fétiches” traditional medicine market, Togo." Nature Conservation 39 (May 11, 2020): 45–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.39.47879.
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Traditional medicine beliefs are culturally important in some West African communities, where there is a thriving domestic consumer demand for wild animal derivatives. Yet, such practices can threaten the conservation of wild populations and negatively impact animal welfare. To identify those species most likely to be affected, we investigated wildlife derivative trade at the largest fetish market of West Africa in Togo. Specifically, we asked what wild animals or animal products were most profitable, which wild animals were perceived by vendors to have increased most in rarity and what they were used for. A key question was whether vendors also sold plant-based alternatives. Vendors provided 36 local animal names, from which we inferred an estimated 281 species. Thirteen percent of these inferred species are categorised on the IUCN Red List as threatened (n = 35); 26% are declining (n = 72). The most commonly cited most profitable wildlife derivatives were “Pangolin” and “Python”; the most commonly cited most profitable live wild animal was “Chameleon”. Overall, wildlife use was predominantly spiritual rather than medicinal. Plant-based alternatives were available, but comprised < 40% of sales and appeared to be considered less important or less useful than wild animal products. The legal status of this domestic trade in Togo is unclear given the existence of potentially conflicting national legislation. In addition to further research focused on the actual impacts on populations and individuals of the species indicated, socio-economic importance of this trade, societal pressures driving consumer demand and an assessment of the feasibility of sustainable plant-based alternatives is warranted.
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Doynikov, P. I. "On the Qualitative Improvement of the Wildlife Protection Legislation." Lex Russica, no. 8 (August 27, 2021): 118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2021.177.8.118-125.
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The Russian Federation is inhabited by about 150 thousand species of animals and this figure accounts for 9% of the world’s fauna. Guided by the logic of the utilitarian economic and legal approach called rational use of natural resources, this number includes a set of living organisms of all types of wild animals that permanently or temporarily inhabit the territory of the Russian Federation and are in a state of natural freedom, as well as related to the natural resources of the continental shelf and the exclusive economic zone of Russia, which are only part of the subject of the emerging complex branch of faunal law, together with wild animals in captivity, service animals, domestic animals, agricultural animals, and living organisms obtained as a result of the use of genetic engineering technologies. Higher mammals are sentient beings, that is, they are capable of experiencing suffering, pain, emotions, and the development of intelligence is confirmed by solving the most complex natural problems and puzzles, which allows us to consider them as individuals of non-human nature and non-human origin, and therefore it is incorrect to associate some of the objects of the animal world belonging to higher mammals with objects of property rights, that is, things. Commercial, amateur and sports hunting are types of hunting in Russia, carried out by trapping or shooting, expressed in the killing of hunting resources, that is, objects of the animal world that can be used for hunting. Hunting in the domestic legislation is a form of leisure, recreation and economic activity that ignores the natural rights of higher animals, including the right to life. A characteristic feature of the Law "On Responsible Treatment of Animals" is that its norms and principles for the treatment of animals do not apply to objects of the animal world, marine and aquatic mammals, animals classified as hunting resources, agricultural animals, living organisms created as a result of genetic engineering activities, which significantly reduces its humanistic significance.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "NATURE / Animals / Wildlife"
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Chris, Cynthia. "Watching wildlife : on the nature genre in film and television, its history and meanings /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3044794.
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Bexell, Sarah Marie. "Effect of a Wildlife Conservation Camp Experience in China on Student Knowledge of Animals, Care, Propensity for Environmental Stewardship, and Compassionate Behavior Toward Animals." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2006. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/ece_diss/1.
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ABSTRACT EFFECT OF A WILDLIFE CONSERVATION CAMP EXPERIENCE IN CHINA ON STUDENT KNOWLEDGE OF ANIMALS, CARE, PROPENSITY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP, AND COMPASSIONATE BEHAVIOR TOWARD ANIMALS by Sarah M. Bexell The goal of conservation education is positive behavior change toward animals and the environment. This study was conducted to determine whether participation in a wildlife conservation education camp was effective in positively changing 8-12 year old students’: (a) knowledge of animals, (b) care about animals, (c) propensity for environmental and wildlife stewardship, and (d) compassionate behavior toward animals. During the summer of 2005, 2 five-day camps were conducted at 2 zoological institutions in Chengdu, China. The camp curriculum was influenced by theory and research on the following: conservation psychology, social learning theory, empathy and moral development theory, socio-biological theory, constructivist theory, and conservation science. Camp activities were sensitive to Chinese culture and included Chinese conservation issues. Activities were designed to help children form bonds with animals and care enough about them to positively change their behavior toward animals and the environment. This mixed methods study triangulated quantitative and qualitative data from six sources to answer the following: 1. Did camp increase student knowledge of animals? 2. Did camp increase student caring about animals? 3. Did camp increase student propensity for environmental and wildlife stewardship? 4. Did camp affect student compassionate behavior toward animals? A conservation stewards survey revealed significant increases on pre-post, self-report of knowledge, care, and propensity. Pre-post, rubric-scored responses to human-animal interaction vignettes indicated a significant increase in knowledge, and stable scores on care and propensity. Qualitative data from student journals, vignettes, and end-of-camp questionnaires demonstrated knowledge, caring, and propensity, and revealed the emergent theme empathy. To address question 4, instructors tallied campers’ behavior toward animals using a student behavior ethogram. Occurrence of positive behaviors was inconsistent, but negative behaviors decreased, indicating campers were more conscious of behaviors to avoid. Field notes helped determine that camps were implemented as planned, therefore not interfering with goals of the camp. This study contributes to an emerging and critical knowledge base of effective strategies to promote conservation behavior.
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Nobel, Laura Briana. "The Nature of People's Perceptions of Wolves." PDXScholar, 2009. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2683.
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European immigrants once regarded wolves as the "devil in disguise" (Lopez, 1978, p.40). With our growing awareness of other cultural perspectives and flourishing body of scientific knowledge with regard to wolves' behavior, our perceptions of wolves have become more complicated and nuanced. Our collective awareness of the environment in which we live also gathers complexity. I examine these issues in this study. Wolves are returning to Oregon. The arrival of wolf B-45 in 1999 heralded the beginning of the return of wild wolves to Oregon. More wolves are expected to cross the border as young sub-adults disperse from the growing population in Idaho.
This study explores our perceptions of wolves using empirical, qualitative methodology. Running in parallel with this main goal, I also seek to understand how these perceptions relate on a larger scale to the ways we understand nature. In exploring these questions qualitatively, I seek to answer the following questions: (a) What ways can story play a role in defining people’s perceptions, in particular, of wolves? (b) What lessons can be learned to inform future ecological educators' work to communicate on this or other similarly complex topics? (c) What is the collective story that we can tell each other on the eve of wolves' presence in the Oregon landscape becoming an acknowledged reality once again? (d) Finally, how can what is learned inform future ecological educational programs regarding wolves in the state?
This study explores the above questions. In considering people's perceptions, I attempt to examine whether the desires to exterminate wolves are really gone. Perhaps, as we learn more about the complex ways that wolves interact in the landscape and the various ways that humans react to the idea of wolves, we may recognize the greater complexities in the ways we inter-relate with them.
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Vreedzaam, Arioene Uncas. "The Feeding and Behavioral Ecology of Black Spider Monkey Subgroups (Ateles paniscus paniscus) in the Context of Illegal Artisinal Goldmining Activities in the Brownsberg Nature Park, Suriname." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1375108777.
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Lippi, Nadia. "Wildlife research and rehabilitation facility." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05282004-085758.
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Caven, Andrew James. "The construction of human's identity in nature by opposing social movements in the Idaho wolf wars." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2009/a_caven_041509.pdf.
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Mustin, Karen. "The spatial dynamics of biogeographic range shifts under climate change." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=165125.
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There is currently widespread concern about the impact of continuing climate change on the distribution, and ultimately persistence of species across all the major taxa. While much previous work has focussed on using climate envelope models to make projections of the location of potential future suitable climate space for a variety of species, these can at best give an indication of the likely direction and potential magnitude of distributional change. They lack information on spatial population dynamics, dispersal, habitat suitability, local adaptation and inter-specific interactions. The aim of this thesis was to explore how some of these other factors might alter projections regarding species’ distributional change in response to climate change, using both theoretical models, and garden warbler (Sylvia borin) as a model system. A key aspect which has been largely over-looked until very recently is the complex range dynamics which can result from spatial variation in population dynamics, and the impacts of inter-annual variability rather than simply mean climate, both of which can impact extinction risk. Much insight into future impacts of climate change can also be gained through studies of past distributional changes, such as that observed in the British breeding population of garden warbler in the last three decades. In many cases, studies at smaller-scales are necessary to elucidate the mechanisms of climate change impacts and further explore potential synergies with other drivers of ecosystem change such as habitat loss and species invasions. The particular combination of factors which should be included to make projections of distributional change will be species-specific and scale-dependent, therefore modelling exercises should be carefully designed depending on the intended outcome for conservation.
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Hollen, Jennifer Windom. "Bat diversity, activity, and habitat use in a mixed disturbance landscape." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1498765592627811.
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Sefela, Farren. "Biting the hand that feeds you: Visitor perceptions of visitor-baboon interaction in the Cape Peninsula." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7953.
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Masters of ArtThe rapid increase in urbanisation and tourism in the Cape Peninsula has increased the rate of human-wildlife interaction. The Cape Peninsula is unique in terms of placing urban areas next to protected natural areas with no physical barriers, thus allowing animals, especially baboons, to travel between the two areas, occasionally leading to conflict between humans and wildlife. Visitors to popular tourist sites may also actively participate in feeding baboons or through negligence by leaving food items in the open. As a result, changing the habits of the baboons as human food and food waste are seen as the preferred option in terms of dietary habits. The main aim of this study was to investigate the perceptions and social construction of visitors in the Cape Peninsula towards baboons at tourist sites. Social constructionist theory was used as the theoretical framework for the study, which looks at the way people perceive nature and wildlife, which is unique to each person. The study uses an exploratory sequential mixed methods design, with a qualitative section that includes three semi-structured interviews, followed by a quantitative section consisting of a questionnaire survey, with 201 questionnaires being completed. The survey was conducted at key tourist sites around the Cape Peninsula that are well known for baboon sightings, including Bordjiesrif Picnic Site, Buffels Bay viewpoint, Cape of Good Hope/Cape Point and Dias Beach. The study used discourse analyses and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to analyse the data, which allowed for ideas to be labelled and linked to opinions in the literature, and patterns identified during the data collection. Visitors viewed tourism spaces as anthropocentric areas, and thus perceived baboon-visitor interactions through conditional acceptance. Visitor perceptions and social construction of baboon-visitor interactions may be positive when conditional acceptance is adhered to, and negative when conditional acceptance is broken. Recommendations for further research includes more research on non-consumptive tourism activities and its impact on human-wildlife interactions, with a need for more literature on the influence of education on people’s attitudes towards wildlife, and finally, more research that focuses on the changing behavioural ecology of baboons, due to an increase in tourism/visitation.
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Piédallu, Blaise. "Approche intégrative de la gestion des conflits homme-nature : le cas de l'ours brun en France." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT164/document.
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La conservation des populations animales autour desquelles existe une controverse passe entre autres par une compréhension de l’écologie de l’espèce, mais également par une analyse des attitudes humaines vis-à-vis de sa présence. Cependant, ces deux aspects sont rarement mobilisés ensemble au sein de travaux combinant sciences de l’environnement et sociologie. Nous proposons ici une étude portant sur la population d’ours brun (Ursus arctos) résidant dans les Pyrénées, intégrant à la fois dynamique de la population et de sa distribution, et une analyse de l’attitude des Pyrénéens vis-à-vis des plantigrades. Nous conduisons également une réflexion sur les méthodes à employer afin d’intégrer ces résultats au sein d’une approche socio-écologique. Nos modèles écologiques, qui utilisent des données de suivi obtenues dans le cadre d’un partenariat transfrontalier entre France, Andorre et Espagne, mettent en évidence une augmentation des effectifs et une réduction de la distribution de la population entre 2008 et 2014. Si ces conclusions ne semblent pas aller dans le sens d’une dégradation rapide de leur état de conservation, les ours pyrénéens restent menacés du fait de leurs faibles effectifs et du fort taux de consanguinité au sein de la population. Notre enquête sociologique, réalisée dans les communes sur lesquelles l’ours est ou a été présent entre 2008 et 2013, a mis en évidence une hétérogénéité spatiale dans l’attitude des habitants des Pyrénées sur la question de l’ours, avec notamment des variations significatives en fonction de leurs lieux de naissance et de résidence. Nous discutons ensuite d’une approche intégrant résultats de sociologie et d’écologie avec le but de créer un modèle pouvant servir d’outil à un responsable chargé de la gestion ou de la résolution du conflit, en analysant les méthodes à notre disposition, leurs avantages et leurs limites. Nous concluons sur l’intérêt des approches pluridisciplinaire dans la gestion des controverses autour de la conservation de populations animalesThe conservation of controversial animal populations requires an understanding of the species’ ecology, but also an analysis of the human attitudes towards its presence. However, those two aspects are rarely studied together through a combination of environmental sciences and sociology. Here we study the brown bear (Ursus arctos) population residing in the Pyrenees mountains, analyzing both population dynamics and distribution, and the attitudes of Pyrenean people towards the species. We also ponder on the methods to use to combine these results in a socio-ecological approach. Our ecological models, which use monitoring data obtained through a crossborder partnership between France, Andorra and Spain, highlight an increase of population size and a reduction of its distribution between 2008 and 2014. If those conclusions do not seem to indicate a quick degradation of their conservation status, Pyrenean brown bears remain threatened by low numbers and high inbreeding in the population. A sociological study was performed in the municipalities where bear was or had been present between 2008 and 2013. We found spatial heterogeneity in the attitudes of Pyrenean people regarding bears, with significant variations depending on where they were born and where they currently live. We follow by discussing an approach that combines sociological and ecological results, with the goal of building a model that can be used as a tool for someone responsible for managing or solving the conflict; to do this, we analyze the methods available, their strengths and limits. We conclude on the importance of interdisciplinary approaches when managing controversies over wildlife conservation
Books on the topic "NATURE / Animals / Wildlife"
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Tilde, Stuart, ed. Africa's vanishing wildlife. Halfway House: Southern Book Publishers, 1996.
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Stuart, Chris. Africa's vanishing wildlife. Washington, D.C: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1996.
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Telander, Todd. Colorado wildlife. Guilford, Connecticut: FalconGuides, an imprint of Globe Pequot Press, 2014.
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Wildlife: The nature paintings of Carl Brenders. New York: H.N. Abrams in association with Mill Pond Press, 1994.
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Goodall, Jane. Hope for Animals and Their World. New York: Grand Central Publishing, 2009.
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ill, Cardona José, ed. Disney's Pocahontas nature guide: Woods and wildlife. New York: Disney Press, 1995.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "NATURE / Animals / Wildlife"
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Fox, Michael W. "Wildlife and Nature Liberation." In Advances in Animal Welfare Science 1986/87, 139–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3331-6_11.
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Pabel, Anja, and Mucha Mkono. "Moral tensions for elephant visitors." In The elephant tourism business, 99–110. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245868.0008.
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Abstract The study presented in this chapter examines visitor experiences at elephant sanctuaries in an era where animal ethics has taken centre stage. The study unpacks the moral tensions surrounding such attractions through analysis of social media comments by visitors. Based on this study a framework is proposed that encompasses three moral tensions that relate to animal welfare and the operations of animal sanctuaries, from the viewpoint of the visitor experience: (i) freedom-captivity; (ii) distance-interaction; and (iii) natural-staged. The chapter draws on two case studies: the David Sheldrick Wildlife Trust (DSWT) in Kenya, and the Elephant Nature Park (ENP) in Thailand.
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Vicente, Joaquín, Vidal Montoro, and Kurt C. Vercauteren. "Natural and Historical Overview of the Animal Wildlife-Livestock Interface." In Diseases at the Wildlife - Livestock Interface, 33–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65365-1_2.
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Afzal, Shahbaz, G. Kavitha, and Amir Ahmad Dar. "A Cloud Computing-Based Model for Wildlife Conservation and Health Care Improvement in Endangered Wild Life Animals." In Handbook of Research on Smart Technology Models for Business and Industry, 316–28. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3645-2.ch013.
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The era of the Information Technology revolution has endeavored mankind with enormous technological comforts. Apart from human health care, cloud computing integrated with other technologies can be exploited for the welfare of endangered wildlife animals that are currently on the verge of facing extinction in the near future. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has declared a huge number of wildlife species into red list falling into 'critically endangered', 'endangered' and 'vulnerable' species because of pathogenic diseases, poaching, habitat degradation, and climate change. The aim of the chapter is to propose a cloud computing based wildlife health care model to preserve, sustain and protect the global wildlife heritage and wildlife conservation by identifying and providing treatment to diseased animals, monitoring their health conditions periodically and protecting against poaching. The proposed health care model makes use of various wearable sensors implanted on and within the body of an animal. The sensors perform data gathering about different body-related parameters to be transmitted to a cloud system for analysis and reporting a required timely action. When a cloud system senses emergency with respect to the health-related or threat-related incident, the information is immediately signaled to wildlife physician and wildlife ranger respectively to act accordingly.
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"Introduction: People, Animals, Morality, and Marginality: Reconfiguring Wildlife Conservation in Southern Africa." In Nature Conservation in Southern Africa, 1–22. BRILL, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004385115_002.
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Magle, Seth. "Human–animal relationships in the urban wild." In Anthrozoology, 119–41. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198753629.003.0007.
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As our planet continues to urbanise, an increasing abundance and diversity of wildlife find ways to persist within cities and towns. I summarise general patterns of urban wildlife and also describe common interactions between people and wildlife in cities. Some of these encounters are very harmful, including property damage, transmission of disease, or attacks against humans or their pets. However, urban wildlife also have positive impacts on cities and urban residents, by providing ecosystem services such as pest control, and by inspiring a feeling of connection with nature. I discuss the implications of human attitudes for long-term coexistence between people and animals in cities, and point to areas for future research. As the biodiversity crisis continues to worsen, and as the planet continues to be modified by humans at an unprecedented rate, it is imperative that we make a place for wildlife within and near to our cities.
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Nurse, Angus. "12. Green criminology." In The Oxford Textbook on Criminology, 345–73. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198835837.003.0012.
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This chapter studies green criminology, a strand of criminology that looks at crimes against the environment, animals, and non-human nature that are largely ignored by mainstream criminology. Green criminology takes a critical approach, looking beyond narrow, human-centred definitions of crime to consider a wider conception which some see as a form of social harm. Green criminologists examine a wide range of environmental issues, from wildlife crime, wildlife trafficking, animal rights, and species justice to corporate environmental crime and illegal pollution, ecological justice and ecocide, food crime, and the links between organised crime and the waste industry. The chapter looks at how environmental issues are sometimes neglected by markets, the criminological concepts and theoretical approaches associated with green criminology, and the debate about whether we should focus on green crimes or harms. It also considers how environmental harms are regulated and the different ways of responding to and policing green crimes.
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Lekan, Thomas M. "An Honest Broker for the Animals." In Our Gigantic Zoo, 179–212. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199843671.003.0007.
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This chapter examines how Bernhard Grzimek relaunched his quest to save the Serengeti in the wake of his son Michael’s death and the shift toward African self-rule under the leadership of Tanganyika’s new prime minister Julius Nyerere in 1960–1961. Unlike his compatriots in the IUCN who feared black-majority rule, Grzimek saw decolonization as a time of opportunity. He convinced Nyerere that expanding the country’s national park system would catalyze socioeconomic development through tourism, technical assistance, and direct aid. Working alongside John Owen, the director of Tanganyikan National Parks, Grzimek developed a para-diplomatic style of advocacy that promoted package tours and solicited donations on television and secured bilateral aid outside official state protocols. Such efforts created a strange alliance between nature conservationists hoping to curtail rural development and African modernizers hoping to promote it. These varied interests came together at Arusha in September 1961 at a landmark UNESCO-sponsored symposium where Nyerere pledged to protect Tanganyika’s wildlife inheritance so long as Europeans made good on their promises.
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Madliger, Christine L., Oliver P. Love, Steven J. Cooke, and Craig E. Franklin. "The history, goals, and application of conservation physiology." In Conservation Physiology, 1–16. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198843610.003.0001.
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Conservation physiology is a rapidly expanding, multi-disciplinary field that utilizes physiological tools, knowledge, and concepts to understand and solve conservation problems. Here we provide a consolidated overview of the scope and goals of conservation physiology, with a focus on animals. We outline the major avenues by which conservation physiology is contributing to the monitoring, management, and restoration of animal populations, and provide a summary of the tools currently available in the conservation physiology toolbox. Overall, we illustrate how a conservation physiology approach can provide sensitive biomarkers of environmental change, reveal the underlying mechanisms of conservation issues, and allow for proactive conservation strategies. In turn, conservation physiology can tackle diverse conservation issues ranging from monitoring environmental stress, predicting the impact of climate change, understanding disease dynamics, improving captive breeding, reducing human–wildlife conflict, and many others. The diversity of taxa, biological scales, and ecosystems that are highlighted illustrate the far-reaching nature of the discipline and allow readers to gain an appreciation of the purpose, value, and status of the field.
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Lundblad, Michael. "The Nature of Birds, Women, and Cancer: Terry Tempest Williams’s Refuge and When Women Were Birds." In Animalities. Edinburgh University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474400022.003.0007.
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Lundblad focuses on two memoirs by Terry Tempest Williams for the ways they represent an attempt in contemporary nature writing and illness memoirs to come to terms with terminal illness and the end of life. Animality is invoked in the texts as a model for constructing supposedly the right way to approach a diagnosis of cancer, suggesting what kind of death could be seen as a good one, if that might ever be possible. Williams’s two memoirs are linked by the ways they use birds and the discourse of what should be considered “natural” to explain when or how to resist not only death, but also patriarchal gender norms, imperialist U.S. aggression in the “War on Terror”, atomic testing at the Nevada Test Site, and the destruction of environments from Utah to the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Lundblad’s emphasis is on how constructions of birds can naturalize problematic human discourses, but the chapter also points toward the ways that these essentialized constructions are limiting for nonhuman animals as well.
Conference papers on the topic "NATURE / Animals / Wildlife"
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MacCurdy, Robert, Timothy Reissman, Ephrahim Garcia, and David Winkler. "A Methodology for Applying Energy Harvesting to Extend Wildlife Tag Lifetime." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-68082.
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Wildlife monitoring tags are a widely used technique for studying animals in their natural habitats. At present, these devices are energy limited, based on the mass of the electrochemical battery that can be carried by the animal. Flying animals are particularly restricted, based on a requirement for minimal excess loading. This requirement causes tag lifetimes to be far shorter than would be useful from an ecological perspective, particularly for smaller animals. Energy harvesting is being widely adopted in applications where access to permanent power is limited. If applied to wildlife tags, this approach offers the possibility of extending functional lifetimes indefinitely; however, it presents unique challenges. Practical applications on flying animals are extremely mass limited, subject to environmental stress, and operate at very low frequencies. This paper is meant to address the critical issues in the design task, and makes attempts to place bounds on unknown design parameters, based on literature research where applicable, and on experiment when no data exists. We discuss candidate harvester materials, novel data acquisition tools, and a prototype harvester design.
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"TECHNICAL VIABILITY STUDY FOR BEHAVIORAL MONITORING OF WILDLIFE ANIMALS IN DOÑANA - An 802.15.4 Coverage Study in a Natural Park." In International Conference on Data Communication Networking. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0003524300980101.
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Bondi, Elizabeth. "AI for Conservation: Aerial Monitoring to Learn and Plan against Illegal Actors." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/825.
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Conservation of our planet’s natural resources is of the utmost importance and requires constant innovation. This project focuses on innovation for one aspect of conservation: the reduction of wildlife poaching. Park rangers patrol parks to decrease poaching by searching for poachers and animal snares left by poachers. Multiple strategies exist to aid in these patrols, including adversary behavior prediction and planning optimal ranger patrol strategies. These research efforts suffer from a key shortcoming: they fail to integrate real-time data, and rely on historical data collected during ranger patrols. With the recent advances in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, UAVs have become viable tools to aid in park ranger patrols. There is now an opportunity to augment the input for these strategies in real time. Detection is done on real-time data collected from UAVs. Detection will then be used to learn adversaries’ behaviors, or where poaching may occur in the future, in future work. This will then be used to plan where to fly in the long term, such as the next mission. Finally, planning where to fly next during the current flight will depend on the long term plan and the real-time detections in case a poacher is spotted. Through our collaboration with Air Shepherd, a program of the Charles A. and Anne Morrow Lindbergh Foundation, we have already begun deploying poacher detection prototypes in Africa and will be able to deploy further advances there in the future.
Reports on the topic "NATURE / Animals / Wildlife"
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Vantassel, Stephen M., and Mark A. Klng. Wildlife Carcass Disposal. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.7207733.ws.
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Many wildlife management situations require the disposal of animal carcasses. These can include the lethal removal of wildlife to resolve damage or conflicts, as well as clean-up after mortalities caused by vehicle collisions, disease, oil spills or other natural disasters. Carcasses must be disposed of properly to protect public sensitivities, the environment, and public health. Improper disposal of carcasses can result in public outrage, site contamination, injury to animals and people, and the attraction of other animals that may lead to wildlife damage issues. Concern over ground water contamination and disease transmission from improper carcass disposal has resulted in increased regulation. Successful carcass disposal programs are cost-effective, environmentally sound, and protective of public health. In addition, disposal practices must demonstrate sensitivity to public perception while adhering to state and local guidelines. This publication discusses the range of options available for the responsible disposal of animal carcasses.
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Washbum, Brian E. Hawks and Owls. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, December 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7208741.ws.
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Hawks and owls can negatively impact a variety of human interests, including important natural resources, livestock and game bird production, human health and safety, and companion animals. Conflicts between raptors and people generally are localized and often site-specific. However, the economic and social impacts to the individuals involved can be severe. Despite the problems they may cause, hawks and owls provide important benefits and environmental services. Raptors are popular with birdwatchers and much of the general public. They also hunt and kill large numbers of rodents, reducing crop damage and other problems. Hawks and owls are classified into four main groups, namely accipiters, buteos, falcons, and owls. All hawks and owls in the United States are federally pro-tected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (16 USC, 703−711). Hawks and owls typically are protected under state wildlife laws or local ordinances, as well. These laws strictly prohibit the capture, killing, or possession of hawks or owls (or their parts) without a special permit (e.g., Feder-al Depredation Permit), issued by the USFWS. State-issued wildlife damage or depredation permits also may be required.
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Innovative Solutions to Human-Wildlife Conflicts: National Wildlife Research Center Accomplishments, 2010. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, April 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7291310.aphis.
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As the research arm of Wildlife Services, a program within the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), NWRC develops methods and information to address human-wildlife conflicts related to agriculture, human health and safety, property damage, invasive species, and threatened and endangered species. The NWRC is the only Federal research facility in the United States devoted entirely to the development of methods for effective wildlife damage management, and it’s research authority comes from the Animal Damage Control Act of 1931. The NWRC’s research priorities are based on nationwide research needs assessments, congressional directives, APHIS Wildlife Services program needs, and stakeholder input. The Center is committed to helping resolve the ever-expanding and changing issues associated with human-wildlife conflict management and remains well positioned to address new issues through proactive efforts and strategic planning activities. NWRC research falls under four principal areas that reflect APHIS’ commitment to “protecting agricultural and natural resources from agricultural animal and plant health threats, zoonotic diseases, invasive species, and wildlife conflicts and diseases”. In addition to the four main research areas, the NWRC maintains support functions related to animal care, administration, information transfer, archives, quality assurance, facility development, and legislative and public affairs.
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Innovative Solutions to Human-Wildlife Conflicts: National Wildlife Research Center Accomplishments, 2008. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, May 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7206795.aphis.
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The National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) is to apply scientific expertise to resolve human-wildlife conflicts while maintaining the quality of the environment shared with wildlife. As the research arm of the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service's (APHIS) Wildlife Services (WS) program, NWRC develops methods and information to address human-wildlife conflicts related to: (1) agriculture (crops, livestock, aquaculture, and timber); (2) human health and safely (wildlife disease, aviation); (3) property damage; (4) invasive species, and (5) threatened and endangered species. NWRC's research programs and priorities are based on nationwide research needs assessments, Congressional directives, WS program needs, and stakeholder input. NWRC research is organized under three research programs that reflect APHIS' commitment to "protecting agricultural and natural resources from agricultural animal and plant health threats, zoonotic diseases, invasive species, and wildlife conflicts and diseases".
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Innovative Solutions to Human-Wildlife Conflicts: National Wildlife Research Center Accomplishments, 2012. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7206797.aphis.
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The National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) is the research arm of Wildlife Services (WS), a program within the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). NWRC’s researchers are dedicated to finding biologically sound, practical, and effective solutions to resolving wildlife damage management issues. There are four spotlights for 2012 show the depth and breadth of NWRC’s research expertise and its holistic approach to address today’s wildlife-related challenges. NWRC remains committed to its other core mission areas of agriculture and natural resource protection, invasive species control, and product development. Product development takes center stage in this year’s report with accomplishments organized by specific types of products and methods.
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Innovative Solutions to Human-Wildlife Conflicts: National Wildlife Research Center Accomplishments, 2007. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7206794.aphis.
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The National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) is a world leader in providing science-based solutions to complex issues of wildlife damage management. As the research arm of Wildlife Services (WS) program within the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, NWRC work with WS operational staff to provide Federal leadership and expertise to resolve wildlife conflicts related to agriculture, livestock, human health and safety (including wildlife diseases), invasive species, and threatened and endangered species. NWRC is committed to finding nonlethal solutions to reduce wildlife damage to agricultural crops, aquaculture, and natural resources. As part of WS' strategic plan to improve the coexistence of people and wildlife, NWRC has identified four strategic program goals: (1) developing methods, (2) providing wildlife services, (3) valuing and investing in people, and (4) enhancing information and communication. WS is dedicated to helping meet the wildlife damage management needs of the United States by building on NWRC's strengths in these four key areas. This annual research highlights report is structured around these programs goals.