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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Nature attractions'
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Gough, Georgina Kylie. "Visitor education and environmental interpretation at nature-based visitor attractions." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445069.
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Wall, Reinius Sandra. "Tourism attractions and land use interactions : Case studies from protected areas in the Swedish mountain region." Licentiate thesis, Mid Sweden University, Department of Social Sciences, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-954.
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Bahr, Karolina, Julia Grufving, and Kristin Hlif Sigurdardottir. "Riskhantering vid natursevärdheter : En fallstudie kring Islands natursevärdhet Reynisfjara." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30777.
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Islands turismutveckling har genomgått stora förändringar under det senaste decenniet och turismen har ökat rekordartat, vilket har medfört att turismindustrin ligger steget efter utvecklingen på flera plan, däribland turisternas säkerhet. Det framgår att både trafikincidenter och olyckor i naturen ökar i takt med att turisterna blir fler. En av de mest olycksdrabbade natursevärdheterna är den populära lavastranden Reynisfjara. I studien undersöks hur organisationer och aktörer kopplade till turism på Island hanterar och planerar för risker på natursevärdheter. Undersökningen baseras på nio kvalitativa intervjuer med isländska organisationer och turismaktörer, däribland turistrådet, polisen, markägare och ett räddningsteam. Vidare undersöks Reynisfjara i en fallstudie där faktorer som påverkar turisters säkerhet definieras. De teoretiska utgångspunkterna inkluderar planering, riskhantering och kommunikation. Resultatet visar att trafikolyckor är de vanligaste incidenterna bland turister. Således utgör den fysiska planeringen inom infrastrukturen en påverkande faktor för säkerheten. En ytterligare på-verkande faktor är turisters riskbenägenhet och hänsynslöshet gentemot risker. Resultatet visar vidare att turisters säkerhet på natursevärdheter påverkas av i vilken utsträckning inblandade aktörer planerar för riskhantering. Ett systematiskt arbetssätt för planeringsprocessen saknas och säkerhets-åtgärder vidtas främst när en olycka redan inträffat. Samarbetet kring resursfördelning och lagstiftning mellan myndigheter och aktörer inom turismindustrin, visar sig vara avgörande för att öka säkerheten. Avslutningsvis visar studien att de inblandade aktörerna inte är en enhetlig grupp avseende planering, riskhantering och ansvarsområden. Riskhanteringen på Island utgörs idag av ett fleraktörssystem, vilket har lett till en splittrad ansvarsfördelning. Ansvaret för turisternas säkerhet ligger i deras egna händer.Icelandic tourism development has undergone major changes over the past decade, tourism has increased rapidly, which has lead to the tourism industry being behind in developments on several levels, including tourist’s safety. It appears that both traffic incidents and accidents in the nature increases as the tourists increase. Reynisfjara a lava beach, is one of the most popular nature attractions and also were accidents occure among tourists. In this study organizations and operators connected to tourism in Iceland are examined on how they manage and plan regarding risks in natural attractions. The survey is based on interviews with nine organizations and tourism stakeholders, including the Icelandic Tourist Board, the police, landowner, rescue team and a case study on Reynisfjara where factors affecting tourists safety are defined. The theoretical approach includes planning, risk management and cooperation. The results show that the most common accidents among tourists are traffic accidents. Thus the planning of physical infrastructure is an influencing factor. Another influencing factor is the tourists' tendency and recklessness against the risks. It appears that the tourists' safety in natural attractions are influenced by the extent to which those involved are planning for risk management. A systematic approach to planning is lacking and safety measures are mainly done when an accident has already occurred. Cooperation on the allocation of resources and legislation between the authorities and operators in the tourism industry, proves to be crucial to increase safety. The study shows that the players involved are not a unified group regarding planning, risk management and responsibilities. Risk management in Iceland today consists of a multi-operator system, which has led to fragmented responsibilities. Responsibility for tourists' safety lies in their own hands.
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Fälton, Emelie. "The Social Construction of Swedish Nature as a Touristic Attraction." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Miljöförändring, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-130538.
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Sweden is a country with a lot of tourism that is dependent on nature as a touristic resource. Nature itself is a complex concept with different interpretations. In this thesis, the social construction of the Swedish nature as a touristic attraction is scrutinized. A total of 671 visual images with belonging descriptive texts has been collected from an online image bank where information about Sweden is available for foreign marketers. The material was analysed in order to answer questions about how the Swedish nature and the touristic approach to it are presented, how nature features are assigned to it and how the relationship between nature and humans is presented. The composition and portraiture of the images and prominent themes and patterns in the textual descriptions have been identified as well. The theoretical framework is based on discourse theory, while the methodological framework is based on inspiration from both discourse analysis and content analysis. The result revealed that Swedish nature is presented as part of the rural Sweden with mountains, forests and littoral areas as the main elements. Swedish nature is foremost portrayed as wild and authentic, but also as sublime and pristine to a lesser extent. It is also portrayed as a place for touristic activities with a focus on the outdoors and physical activity. The relation between nature and humans differ, but the Swedish people are portrayed as more connected to nature than tourists
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Vennberg, Karin. "Attracting Digital Native Students Through Digital Marketing." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-70366.
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As the world economies have shifted from being production-based to knowledge-based each country has to develop their technologically literate workforces to stay globally competitive. A low interest in the engineering profession among younger students has caused insufficient support for the workforce demand. Marketers must adapt their efforts to recruiting young people even before they attend college as this focused cohort tend to make career plans early. As today’s teenagers have been using digital media constantly since they grew up, they are frequently called digital natives. They perceive social networking sites, where they can communicate with friends and exchange information with people all over the world, as essential parts of their lives. This makes social networks great promotional tools, as digital natives share experiences and opinions about products and services online, creating a kind of electronic word-of-mouth, which is characterized as the future of social media marketing communications. To investigate in what ways digital natives’ absorb online marketing, the purpose of this research is to provide a better understanding of how technical high schools can address digital marketing activities to attract more students. The thesis was compiled after inquiries from the Swedish nationwide senior high school Teknikcollege, and it is conducted as a quantitative explanatory study, where primary data was collected through an online questionnaire distributed among junior high school students in Luleå and Överkalix. A total of 239 answers were collected and 182 answers were analyzed using statistical techniques. The results suggested that senior high schools should focus their online marketing efforts on visual social media channels, and that people based trust is the most important factor when using the peripheral route to persuade digital natives.
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Paspali, Anastasia. "Gender agreement in Native and Heritage Greek: an attraction study." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20795.
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Diese Dissertation betrachtet die Beziehung zwischen Parser und Grammatik bei Muttersprachlern (Native Speakers, NS) und Heritage- (Erb-) Sprechern (HS) des Griechischen, indem sie die Mechanismen untersucht, die einer pseudo-Lizenzierung bei Verletzungen der Kongruenz des grammatischen Geschlechts zugrunde liegen. Diese Verletzungen sind Fehler, die auftreten, wenn eine intervenierende Phrase (Attraktor) nicht mit den Genusmerkmalen des Kopfnomens übereinstimmt, ein Phänomen, das in der Literatur (Gender-)Agreement Attraktion, hier Attraktion von Genuskongruenz, genannt wird. Die Dissertation testet, ob eine solche Attraktion von Genuskongruenz im Griechischen vorhanden ist und ob ein- und zweisprachige Muttersprachler gleichermaßen anfällig für Fehler bei der Attraktion sind. Die Dissertation untersucht für die Gruppe der HS außerdem die Genuskongruenz beim Echtzeit-Sprachverstehen und -produzieren. In der Arbeit zeige ich, dass sowohl NS als auch HS anfällig für Attraktionsfehler bei der Genuskongruenz sind. Das zeigen die Reaktionszeitmuster und die Urteile. Gleichzeitig zeigten bei mündlichen Erzählungen beide Sprechergruppen die gleichen Übergeneralisierungsmuster für maskulines Genus bei belebten Nomen sowie bei mündlichen Erzählungen und beschleunigten Grammatikalitätsurteilen für Neutrum bei unbelebten Nomen. Zusammengenommen deuten diese Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass NS und HS anfällig für die Attraktion von Genuskongruenz sind und dass beide Gruppen ähnliche Hinweise zum Abruf des Genus verwenden und somit ähnliche Attraktionsmuster aufweisen. HS unterscheiden sich jedoch von NS in der Verarbeitung der Genuskongruenz an sich, insbesondere bei femininen Kopfnomen (markiertes Genus) in Objekt-Klitika, was darauf hindeutet, dass sowohl Markiertheit als auch Kongruenz an den Schnittstellen die Leistung von HS beeinflusst. Wenn Fehler auftreten, folgen beide Gruppen den gleichen Mustern der Übergeneralisierung.This dissertation explores the relationship between the parser and the grammar in Native Speakers (NSs) and Heritage Speakers (HSs) of Greek by examining the mechanisms underpinning the illusory licensing of gender agreement violations: errors occurring when an intervening phrase (attractor) mismatches the gender cues of the head noun, a phenomenon which is usually called (gender) agreement attraction. In this work, I show that both NSs and HSs are prone to gender agreement attraction errors in the nominal domain of Greek, as their reaction time patterns and (speeded or scaled) judgements revealed. At the same time, both groups showed the same overgeneralization patterns of the masculine value in agreement errors with animate nouns in their oral narrations, and of the neuter value with inanimate nouns in their oral narrations and their online speeded judgements. Taken together, these results suggest that NSs and HSs are prone to gender agreement attraction in Greek and that both groups employ retrieval cues similarly showing similar attraction patterns. However, HSs differ from NSs in the processing of gender agreement per se, particularly with feminine head nouns (marked gender value) on object-clitics, suggesting that markedness as well as agreement at Interfaces influence HSs’ performance. Finally, when errors occur, both groups follow the same overegeneralization patterns.
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Pettey, Ryan Patrick. "Hartbeespoortdam butterfly conservancy an ecological splurge /." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05282004-085314.
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Moroko, Lara Marketing Australian School of Business UNSW. "New perspectives on employer branding: an empirical investigation of scope, nature and success drivers." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Marketing, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44753.
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Employer branding is a strategic activity that has grown in popularity over the past two decades. Much progress has been made in investigating aspects of employer branding; however, many facets of the process, as it has been conceptualised in the research literature, remain empirically unexplored. The aim of this thesis is to get a deeper, more grounded understanding of employer branding based on an investigation of employer branding processes in practice. Four papers are presented, each providing a new perspective. In the first paper, industry experts??? perceptions of the characteristics of successful and unsuccessful employer brands are used to arrive at a typology of employer branding success. The typology is managerially relevant, providing a means by which firms may assess their employer branding success qualitatively and quantitatively (based on metrics commonly used in practice). Further, theoretical contributions are made by establishing employer branding as a context distinct from corporate and consumer branding, and by providing a basis for assessing variance between employer brands. In the second and third papers, the mechanisms that shape and perpetuate employer brands are explored. Individual (employee) and firm-related mechanisms drawn from the literature are empirically validated in the second paper using qualitative within-case analysis of four employer brands. The firms are from a broad range of industries and are characteristically successful (a pharmaceuticals and a financial services firm) and unsuccessful (a transport firm and a semi-government public utility). The case analysis results in the discovery of additional mechanisms relating to industry-level factors, not previously documented. These findings are built on in the third paper, where cross-case analysis of the same firms is used to establish a set of conditions that support or erode employer branding success. Importantly, theory perspectives outside the traditional domain of marketing (i.e., human resources, organisational behaviour and strategy) are shown to be critical for understanding the process in practice. A taxonomy of generic market segmentation types is used in the fourth paper to investigate the application of market segmentation to employer branding. Market segmentation is shown to provide a useful link between employer branding and broader strategic planning.
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Peirson, Barrie Ian. "Reform, repression, counter-attraction : the changing nature of popular recreation and leisure in Essex and Suffolk 1840-1890." Thesis, University of Essex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341268.
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Vaclavik, Casey. "Attracting Applicants Naturally| The Effects of Natural Elements in the Workplace." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10789893.
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The purpose of this study was to examine if natural elements would act as identity markers and affect workplace attitudes. Specifically, the study hypothesized that a workplace environment that possessed natural elements such as natural lighting, potted plants and pictures of nature, would cause job applicants to report higher levels of organizational attractiveness and job pursuit intentions after a workplace tour of the organization. It was also hypothesized that enjoyment of nature would moderate the effect of the natural elements on these workplace attitudes. When tested with a 2x2 MANOVA, one hypothesis was supported and showed natural elements in the workplace can affect a job applicant’s organizational attraction. Implications, limitations and future research are discussed.
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Fox, Jason. "A Tourism Impact Index for Water-Based Natural Attractions Field-Tested in Subarctic and Maritime Climates." TopSCHOLAR®, 2019. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3140.
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Tourism in cold and cool-climate regions is largely characterized by recreational and sightseeing activities at water-based natural attractions such as beaches, coastal cliffs, and waterfalls. While the economic benefits of the tourism industry can contribute to a sustainable future for these regions, the environmental implications of a hastilydeveloped industry cannot be ignored given that cold-climate and cool-climate landscapes are at risk of rapid environmental change from a warming climate and other environmental concerns. This study consisted of the development of the Tourism Impact Index for Water-Based Natural Sites, the first of its kind, and its application and refinement in the field at various water-based natural tourism sites in Iceland and the Washington Olympic Peninsula. As no direct precedent for the index exists, the creation of the initial index draft was informed by other environmental indices available from the literature in related disciplines. The index contains 44 visually-assessed indicators, each scored on a scale of zero to three regarding potential severity of environmental impact. As the index was applied throughout the two study regions, improvements were incorporated into the design so as to create a well-validated product that may be shared with tourism managers and developers and with researchers to aid in the continued expansion of literature on tourism-environment interactions.
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Paspali, Anastasia [Verfasser], Artemis [Gutachter] Alexiadou, and Theodoros [Gutachter] Marinis. "Gender agreement in Native and Heritage Greek: an attraction study / Anastasia Paspali ; Gutachter: Artemis Alexiadou, Theodoros Marinis." Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1200917650/34.
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Panboon, Edwin, and Jean-Philipe Wahlgren. "Executional Greenwashing: The Unseen Attraction to Nature : A qualitative study on Consumers Perception of Advertisement within Fast-Moving Consumer Goods that is ‘Executionally Greenwashed’." Thesis, Jönköping University, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-52572.
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With society's growing concern of the environmental impact that consumerism has today, consumers are more aware than ever of how their consumption habits affect their surroundings. This study is based on the consumer's journey of choosing products based on their environmental impact and the complications of it. The study will examine a subsection of Greenwashing, called Executional Greenwashing, that is used to subconsciously communicate messages about greenery towards the consumer, inferring their decision making. The goal of the research is to provide an understanding of how consumers react to Fast-Moving Consumer Goods advertisements containing Executional Greenwashing elements and what factors influence their reaction. The study uses primary and secondary data together with conducted interviews to examine how the use of Executional Greenwashing affects consumers' emotions towards advertisements containing these elements. The findings reveal how knowledge and expertise are the main factors to influence how consumers react to Executionally Greenwashed advertisement. The study also provides a conceptual model based on the findings to explain what emotions are affected in consumers. Consumers and researchers can use these findings to gain a further understanding of the effects of Executional Greenwashing and continue upon this research to achieve a complete understanding.
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Schneider, Michelle Milhorança Moreira. "O PARQUE NACIONAL DE ILHA GRANDE, PRODUÇÃO E CONSUMO DO TERRITÓRIO TURÍSTICO." UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA GRANDE DOURADOS, 2009. http://tede.ufgd.edu.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/196.
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Previous issue date: 2009-08-20Ilha Grande National Park is a grounding of discussions presented in this dissertative work, it is located in the region northwest of the state of Paraná and southwest of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. It is formed for an archipelago with hundred flat islands that associate to swamps regions, floodplains and floods of plains in the Paraná River, making an extension approximately 140 Km, and represents about 40% of area not dammed of this river, being a witness of the natural features of the islands and floodplains existing of Paraná Basin, whose main specific objective of handle is contributing to the regional development, spreading and encouraging the economic use, ecologically sustainable of the local biodiversity and valuing the historicalcultural base of the region. The objective of this dissertation is presenting a discussion of faced reality from of the researches perfomed like of the tourism projections for the Park through the municipalities south matogrossenses that territorialize with itself. Besides, this has like main objective to combine the analysis of the public politcs nature´s conservation through of the implementation of the Conservation Unity and Tourism by economic recovery of the same nature. Noticed that all the municipalities researched have irregular leisure areas and housing near on the bank of the Paraná river and also the planning of the touristic activity is foundationed in politics of economic development especially with great expectations of public organs and the local population. Proposes of this way a reflection about the possibility of a relation more harmonious between the touristics practicals and in your natural resource, like also the maintenance of the locals societies
O Parque Nacional de Ilha Grande é a base das discussões apresentadas neste trabalho dissertativo, ele está localizado na região noroeste do Estado do Paraná e na sudeste do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. É formado por um arquipélago com centenas ilhas planas que se associam às regiões pantanosas, várzeas e planícies de inundação do rio Paraná, perfazendo uma extensão de aproximadamente 140 Km, e representa cerca de 40% da área não represada deste rio, sendo um testemunho das características naturais das ilhas e várzeas existentes da Bacia do Paraná, cujo principal objetivo especifico de manejo é contribuir para o desenvolvimento regional, difundindo e incentivando o uso econômico, ecologicamente sustentável da biodiversidade local e valorizando a base históricocultural da região. O intuito desta dissertação é apresentar uma discussão da realidade defrontada a partir das pesquisas realizadas, bem como das projeções turísticas para o Parque através dos municípios sul-matogrossenses que se territorializam com o mesmo. Além disso, este tem como principal objetivo conjugar a analise das políticas públicas de conservação da natureza através da implementação da Unidade de Conservação e do Turismo pela valorização econômica da mesma natureza. Constatou-se que todos os municípios investigados possuem áreas irregulares de lazer e de habitação ás margens do rio Paraná, e também que o planejamento da atividade turística está alicerçada em políticas de desenvolvimento econômico, especialmente com grandes expectativas dos órgãos públicos e da população local. Propõe-se desta forma uma reflexão sobre a relação entre as práticas turísticas e o ambiente, considerando a manutenção das sociedades locais
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Şoldănescu, Rodica [Verfasser]. "Studies towards the Synthesis of the Marine Peptide Pheromone Attractin from the Sea Hare Aplysia californica by Native Chemical Ligation / Rodica Şoldănescu." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1031845119/34.
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Calles, Olle. "Re-establishment of connectivity for fish populations in regulated rivers." Doctoral thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-1400.
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The hydropower industry has altered connectivity in many rivers during the last century. Many fish species depend on both an intact longitudinal connectivity to be able to migrate between spawning, feeding and winter habitats, and vertical connectivity for development and survival of incubating embryos and larvae in the gravel. The objective of this thesis was to examine problems and remedial measures associated with disrupted longitudinal and vertical connectivity in regulated rivers. The issue of longitudinal connectivity was studied in the River Emån by evaluating the efficiency of two nature-like fishways for anadromous brown trout. Telemetry studies showed that the combined efficiency for the two fishways in 2001-2004 was 60.5%. The passage efficiencies of both fishways were high for trout (89-100%), but also for other species such as chub, perch, tench, burbot and roach (74%). The attraction efficiencies were largely dependent on power plant operation, and generally high for the fishway situated next to the tail-race and low for the fishway situated inside the former channel. More than half of the trout spawners were also observed using the fishways for downstream passage. The densities of brown trout yearlings upstream of the fishways were higher after the fishways were built than during pre-fishway years. Smolts produced upstream of the fishways were observed migrating downstream in 2003-2005. The percentage of smolts that passed both power plants in was 51%, with losses being attributed to predation (15%), turbine-induced mortality (16%) and other reasons (18%). Turbine-induced mortality was higher (40%) at the power plant with four small Francis runners, than at the power plant with one large Kaplan runner (12%). The issue of vertical connectivity was studied in three rivers in Värmland, one unregulated, and two regulated, one of which had no minimum flow requirements. In the unregulated river, temporal patterns in hyporheic water chemistry correlated to variation in surface water chemistry and discharge as expected. In the regulated rivers, the hyporheic water chemistry showed little correlation to discharge or surface water chemistry. The intra-gravel water chemistry conditions for brown trout eggs were more favourable in the unregulated river, characterised by high oxygen levels, than in the two regulated rivers. The regulated river with no minimum flow requirements had critically low oxygen levels at the end of the incubation period.
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Popoola, Olutayo. "E-learning and motivation : a multi-faceted investigation of eleven to fourteen year olds' attraction to computer-based learning, and their motivational responses to the novelty and nature of a selection of self-study computer-based learning activities." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2012. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/42359/.
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Are eleven to fourteen year old learners attracted to computers? Can computers motivate them to learn? How do they respond to new self-study, computer-based learning activities? Does the type of computer-based learning activity affect their motivation? This study focuses on three important facets of e-learning and motivation – attraction, novelty and activities. The first facet (attraction) relates to verifying the existence of, and reasons for, the attraction to computers. Further areas of investigation relate to the effects of this attraction (if it exists) and learners’ perceptions of proficiency on motivation. The second facet (novelty) relates to learners’ perceptions of novelty and responses to different types of novel self-study, computer-based learning activities. Activities (the third facet) relates to the motivational effects of different types of self-study, computer-based learning activities. The study took place in three schools in different geographical areas of the United Kingdom. The participants were eleven to fourteen year olds. The first facet (attraction) was approached using surveys, through online questionnaires and focus group interviews. The second and third facets (novelty and activities) were approached through multiple-case studies, mainly through observations, self-report forms, and focus group interviews. An important finding is that most learners are attracted to computers, but not necessarily motivated to learn with computers. It is argued that today’s learners have learning attitudes that are based around fun. Hence, e-learning must accommodate this whilst delivering “serious learning”. The research evidence also show differences in perceived novelty and motivational effects of different types of e-learning activities. In particular, the research evidence suggests that the perception of novelty can be extended by changes or discussions during the interaction with certain activities (“regenerative novelty”). It is argued that knowledge of the novelty and motivational effects should be harnessed to provide engagement with learning.
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Peñaflor, Maria Fernanda Gomes Villalba. "Interações planta-herbívoro-parasitóides de ovos mediadas por voláteis de milho (Zea mays L.) e odores da Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11146/tde-21102010-154104/.
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O ataque de insetos herbívoros induz a emissão de voláteis pelas plantas que constituem sinais químicos importantes para os inimigos naturais em busca do hospedeiro/presa. Essas interações tritróficas mediadas pelos voláteis das plantas têm sido bem estudadas em sistemas que envolvem parasitóides larvais. Por outro lado, pouco se sabe a respeito do papel desses odores na localização hospedeira dos parasitóides de ovos. Dessa maneira, o presente estudo teve como objetivos: (i) avaliar o parasitismo, a preferência e o arrestamento de ovos de Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) de diferentes idades para o parasitóide Telenomus remus Nixon (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae); (ii) verificar se ocorre a indução de voláteis induzidos pela oviposição de S. frugiperda na planta de milho atraentes ao parasitóide T. remus; (iii) avaliar o papel dos voláteis induzidos pela herbivoria de S. frugiperda no comportamento do parasitóide especialista T. remus e generalista Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae); e (iv) verificar se a oviposição de S. frugiperda altera as defesas diretas e indiretas induzidas pela herbivoria no milho. Os resultados desse trabalho mostraram que T. remus teve preferência em parasitar ovos de 1 e 2 dias de idade em relação aos 3 dias. Entretanto, a emergência dos parasitóides foi reduzida em ovos de 2 e 3 dias. Todos os extratos hexânicos dos ovos exerceram efeito arrestante sobre T. remus em relação ao solvente, porém o tempo de permanência dos parasitóides foi maior em extratos de ovos de 1 e 2 dias em comparação ao de 3 dias. De acordo com esses resultados, foi avaliado se a planta de milho emite voláteis induzidos pela oviposição de S. frugiperda atraentes ao parasitóide T. remus nos intervalos 1, 2 e 3 dias. Os bioensaios comportamentais e a coleta de voláteis não mostraram que ocorre a indução de voláteis induzidos pela oviposição atraentes ao parasitóide, mas que a oviposição promoveu a supressão da emissão do linalol. Já os voláteis induzidos pela herbivoria do S. frugiperda constituem pistas químicas importantes para os parasitóides de ovos. O parasitóide especialista T. remus não apresentou o comportamento inato de atração pelos voláteis, porém, após a experiência com os mesmos, T. remus passou a ser atraído tanto por misturas compostas majoritariamente por voláteis de folhas verdes (VFVs), que são emitidas logo após o dano; como por misturas mais complexas, compostas por terpenos, emitidas algumas horas após a indução. Já T. pretiosum apresentou um comportamento de atração inato pelos VFVs, embora seja também capaz de aprender misturas compostas por terpenos. A oviposição de S. frugiperda não alterou as defesas diretas do milho, avaliadas pelo peso da lagarta alimentada na planta, porém, provocou a diminuição da liberação de terpenos induzidos pela herbivoria. Os resultados desse trabalho sugerem que a oviposição do herbívoro pode ter implicações relevantes nas interações tritróficas, pois promovem a supressão de voláteis do milho. Além disso, os voláteis induzidos pela herbivoria desempenham um papel importante no comportamento de parasitóides de ovos.Attack of insect herbivores induces emission of plant volatiles that play an important role as chemical signals to natural enemies in host search. Tritrophic interactions mediated by plant volatiles have been well studied in systems that involve larval parasitoids. By contrast, little is known about the role of these odors in host searching by egg parasitoids. Thus, the current study aimed to: (i) assess parasitism, preference and arrestment of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs with different ages to the parasitoid Telenomus remus Nixon (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae); (ii) verify if S. frugiperda oviposition induces attractive maize volatiles to the parasitoid T. remus; (iii) assess the role of herbivore-induced maize volatiles elicited by S. frugiperda to the specialist parasitoid T. remus and the generalist Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae); and (iv) verify if S. frugiperda oviposition alters direct and indirect herbivore-induced defenses on maize. Results showed that T. remus preferred to parasitize 1- and 2-day-old eggs in relation to 3-day-old. However, parasitoid emergence was reduced in 2- and 3-day-old eggs. All hexanic egg extracts promoted arrestment response for T. remus when compared to the solvent, although residence time was longer in 1- and 2-day old egg extracts in comparison with 3-day old. In view of these results, it was assessed if maize plant emits attractive oviposition-induced volatiles elicited by S. frugiperda to the egg parasitoid T. remus. Behavioral bioassays and volatile collection did not show that maize emits oviposition-induced volatiles elicited by S. frugiperda that are attractive to T. remus. Surprisingly, oviposition suppressed the emission of linalool. Hebivore-induced maize volatiles comprise important chemical cues for egg parasitoids. Specialist parasitoid T. remus was not innately attracted by herbivore-induced volatiles, though experienced wasps responded to blends comprised predominantly by green leaf volatiles (GLVs), which are emitted immediately after damage, or to more complex blends comprised by terpenes, emitted some hours after damage. While T. pretiosum showed an innate behavior towards VFVs, but wasps were also able to learn terpene blend. Oviposition of S. frugiperda did not alter direct defenses on maize, which were assessed by larval weight fed on the plant, however, it decreased emissions of herbivore-induced terpenes. These results suggest that herbivore oviposition can have relevant considerations in tritrophic interactions and herbivore-induced volatiles play an important role in egg parasitoid behavior.
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Barreto, C?sio Carlos Pereira. "Atra??o e reten??o de talentos em empresas de engenharia consultiva no setor de petr?leo e g?s natural da cidade de Natal." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/12101.
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Previous issue date: 2008-09-04This study addresses the question of attraction and retention of talent in companies that produce engineering projects in the area of oil and natural gas in the city of Natal. The objectives were to identify the mechanisms that these companies use to attract and retain talented professionals and what the relationship between these practices and performance of these organizations in the market. This is a case study of a qualitative nature which were included in the fullness of companies that work in that class in the capital Potiguar. Have been applied to the managers of these companies structured questionnaires with eleven issues orientativas based on theoretical reference adopted. The research finds that managers understand the word "talent", recognize the importance of the appreciation of its employees and the development of their innate abilities to better organizational performance, much due to the fact they are acting in a market of fierce competition. His companies - though not submit the formal procedures related to the subject in question - have mechanisms that can be characterized as the attraction and retention of talent. The relationships identified in this study are consistent with the results found in other studies and put the information here can serve as the basis for that other managers, including other areas, to reach excellence in their respective industries
O presente estudo aborda a quest?o da atra??o e reten??o de talentos nas empresas que elaboram projetos de engenharia na ?rea de petr?leo e g?s natural na cidade do Natal. Os objetivos foram identificar os mecanismos que essas empresas utilizam para atrair e reter profissionais talentosos e quais as rela??es existentes entre essas pr?ticas e o desempenho das referidas organiza??es no mercado. Trata-se de um estudo de caso de natureza qualitativa no qual foram inclu?das a plenitude das empresas que atuam nesse ramo na capital potiguar. Foram aplicados aos gerentes dessas empresas question?rios estruturados com onze quest?es orientativas fundamentadas no referencial te?rico adotado. A pesquisa constata que os gestores compreendem o termo talento , reconhecem a import?ncia da valoriza??o de seus funcion?rios e do desenvolvimento de suas habilidades inatas para um melhor desempenho organizacional, muito devido ao fato de estarem atuando em um mercado de acirrada competi??o. Suas empresas apesar de n?o apresentarem processos formais relacionados ao tema em quest?o apresentam mecanismos que podem ser caracterizados como de atra??o e reten??o de talentos. As rela??es identificadas neste estudo s?o consistentes com os resultados encontrados em outros trabalhos e as informa??es aqui postas podem servir de base para que demais gestores, inclusive de outras ?reas, consigam atingir a excel?ncia em seus respectivos setores
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Monaxios, Susanna, and Kristina Ekwall. "Kallbad som turistattraktion : En studie om destinationsutveckling av Stockholms stad." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-25253.
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Stockholm is considered as a tourist destination which has a lot of offers to attract tourists and if it utilizes it water better it can give a wonderful and unique experiences and cold baths may become an image to it. The aim of this study is to shed light on the open-air swimming-baths and shores of Stockholm. Also how to use this advantage as it’s a city based on many islands, the purest water in Europe and this makes Stockholm as a destination a very attractive place for tourism. For a better understanding of our study, we have studied the quality and quantity to see how people began to exploit open-air swimming-baths throughout history everywhere in Europe and specifically of Stockholm city sea shore. We did a study on the history traditions of open-air swimming-baths and how it can be a tourist attraction through books and interviews, scientific articles and our personal observation, so that we can analyze how to develop sustainable tourism in the future and how Stockholm city can make development of opportunities for the future. Research has shown that the City does not focus specifically on cold baths, their marketing is on permanent attractions focusing on culture and events to attract tourists. Equally important is the range of secondary and tertiary attractions at your destination and give a greater value for the tourist. The growth of the tourism benefits the city, local businesses and local people including contributing to more jobs. Some players feel that the demand for swimming in Stockholm's city center has risen and some not, but they agree that demand is high. It is interesting to know whether the open-air baths in the future could become part of Stockholm's image or not.
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Freeberg, Andrew Harding. "Spectacular Nature applying the "cinema of attractions" to the natural history film genre /." 2008. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/freeberg/FreebergA1208.pdf.
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Thesis (MFA)--Montana State University--Bozeman, 2008.Typescript. Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Theo Lipfert. Donkeymentary is a DVD accompanying the thesis. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 31-33).
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Nyamandi, Thembelihle. "The management of sustainable action plans at selected nature-based attractions in Botswana." Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25937.
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Abstract in English, Afrikaans and ZuluTourism generates foreign currency and employment, and proper planning and management benefits the community and environment upon which tourism depends. The study investigated the management of sustainable action plans at selected nature-based attractions in Botswana, namely; Gaborone Game Reserve, Khutse Game Reserves, and Mokolodi Nature Reserve. Purposive, convenience and snowball sampling yielded 25 respondents for semi-structured interviews. Findings highlighted that sustainable action plans, like recycling and engaging local labour, were managed and implemented to a small extent. The conclusions were that the full potential of sustainable action plans management needed to be fully explored. The study recommends government enforcement of policies, master plans and strategies for management of sustainable action plans in nature-based attractions; and decentralisation of public nature-based attractions to allow managers full management of sustainable action plans. Government and private sector should fund management of all nine sustainable action plans, and implement a holistic tourism strategy to retain the quality of tourists’ experiences.
Ezokuvakasha zidala imali yangaphandle kanye nomsebenzi, nokuhlelwa kahle nokuphathwa kahle komphakathi kanye nemvelo lapho ezokuvakasha zincike khona. Ucwaningo lucwaninge ukuphathwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisimeme ezikhethiwe zokukhangiswa kwemvelo eBotswana, okuyiSiqiwi iGaborone, iSiqiwi iKhutse, nokuGcinwa kweMvelo iMokolodi. Imibonakaliso ekhethwe ngokusekelwe ezilinganisweni zabantu kanye nenhloso yocwaningo (purposive sampling), indlela yokubala nokudweba idatha emele ngokukhetha abantu ngenxa yokukhululeka kokuzithandela kwabo (convenience sampling) kanye nabacwaningi bezokucwaninga abathatha abanye abahlanganyeli ukuze banze ucwaningo (snowball sampling) inikeza abaphenduli abangu-25 ngemibuzo ehleliwe. Okutholakele kubonise ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisimeme, njengokuvuselela kabusha nokubandakanya abasebenzi basekhaya, zaphathwa futhi zenziwa ngendlela encane. Isiphetho sasiwukuthi amandla aphelele okuphathwa ezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisimeme kufanele ahlolwe. Ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuqiniswa kwezinqubomgomo kuhulumeni, izinhlelo ezinhle kanye namasu okuphathwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisimeme ezikhethiwe zokukhangiswa kwemvelo; kanye nokwabiwa kwamandla okukhangayo okusekelwe emphakathini ukuvumela abaphathi ukuphatha ngokugcwele kwalezi zinhlelo. Uhulumeni kanye nezimboni ezizimele kufanele baxhase ukuphathwa kwazo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisimeme eziyisishiyagalolunye, futhi basebenzise uhlelo lwezokuvakasha oluphelele ukugcina isipiliyoni sabavakashi sisezingeni.
Toerisme genereer buitelandse valuta en werkverskaffing, en behoorlike beplanning en bestuur is tot voordeel van die gemeenskap en omgewing waarop toerisme staatmaak. Die studie het die bestuur van volhoubare aksieplanne by geselekteerde natuurgebaseerde besienswaardighede in Botswana, naamlik die Gaborone, Khutse en Mokolodi Natuurreservate, ondersoek. Doelbewuste, gerief- en sneeubalsteekproefneming het 25 respondente vir semigestruktureerde onderhoude opgelewer. Volgens die bevindings, is volhoubare aksieplanne soos herwinning en die gebruik van plaaslike arbeid, tot ’n mate bestuur en geïmplementeer. Die gevolgtrekking was dat die volle potensiaal van volhoubare aksieplanbestuur verken moet word. Die studie het regeringstoepassing van beleide, meesterplanne en strategieë aanbeveel vir die bestuur van volhoubare aksieplanne in natuurgebaseerde besienswaardighede; en die desentralisasie van openbare natuurgebaseerde besienswaardighede om bestuurders toe te laat om hierdie planne ten volle te bestuur. Die regering en die privaat sektor behoort die bestuur van al nege die volhoubare aksieplanne te befonds, en 'n holistiese toerismestrategie te implementeer om die gehalte van toeriste-ervarings te behou.
Transport Economics, Logistics and Tourism
M. Com. (Tourism Management)
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JÍRŮ, Petra. "Drobná architektura v táborské krajině a její nové poslání." Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-47593.
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In this dissertation we seized less conspicuous attractions which are situated in the choice locations of Tábor landscape. We endeavoured to discover other possibilities of utilization of the chosen destination, despite our initial impression that the destination was fully used. The most important task of this thesis was to analyze natural, historical and natural interests of this region. After detailed research/analyzes/discussions we discovered that there are a lot of ``hidden{\crq}q attractions in the locality. These attractions deserve their renewal and more attention from their visitors. On the base of information were created suggestions and recommendations for development of this destination.
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BENČÍKOVÁ, Zdenka. "Návrh optimalizace turistických tras v CHKO Labské pískovce." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376286.
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The objective of this diploma thesis is search processing of tourism, his problematics and protection of the nature. In the other part this thesis deal with analysis of hiking trail in Labske piskovce PLA in focus of potentional atractive with proposal of new hiking trails in this location. Analysis containe all hiking trails in this location according to colored tourism distinction of trails. Proposal of new hiking trails was formed with regard on protection of nature thus at the same time was surrounding area approached for visitors as much as possible. Proposal comprise new and turisty often attended attractiviness. This proposal can produce increase of attractiviness in this district and the influx of new turists.
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Costa, Patricia Mónica Silva. "JAGGER and AGP7, putative SEEDSTICK targets involved in pollen tube attraction." Dissertação, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/109444.
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Costa, Patricia Mónica Silva. "JAGGER and AGP7, putative SEEDSTICK targets involved in pollen tube attraction." Master's thesis, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/109444.
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Chang, Tsui-ying, and 張萃瑛. "Attraction of Natural Plants to Oriental Fruit Fly, Dacus dorsalis Hendel, ( Diptera: Tephritidae )." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39607910472784563117.
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碩士國立中興大學
昆蟲學系
82
Thirty plant materials composed of the leaf, blossom and fruit of 22 wild plants, were used and tested primarily on the motivation of the oriental fruit fly, Dacus dorsalis Hendel, for oviposition. The highest motivation was provoked by the blossom of Annona cherimola. Five available plants, A. montana, G. dulcis, Terminalia catappa, Ar. uncinatus and Cassia fistula were tested on the ovipositing motivation to the flies by no- choice test. The highest inducement was given by the leaves of Ar. uncinatus. On the other hand, the leaves of C. fistula and Ar. uncinatus were the most attractive ones by choice test. The attractiveness of the natural plants to the oriental fruit fly adults were tested in the screen house by no-choice test. The blossom of Ar. uncinatus was the most attractive to female flies. The blossom of A. montana was the most attractive to male flies. In choice tests and rotary choice tests which were carried in large screen house the leaves of A. montana were most attractive to either the female or male flies. When the tested plant materials extracted with supercritical fluid extractor, the extract from the fruit of guava showed the most attractive to the adult flies among all the ether/pentane extracts. And among the cryogenic extracts, the extract from the leaves of Ar. uncinatus was the most attractive to female flies, while the extracts from the leaves of C. fistula , G. dulcis and the fruits of guava were the most attractive to male flies. Test of the preference of flies to different colors in screen house, it showed the flies mostly preferred yellow, yellow-green, and dark-green colors both by the choice tests and rotary choice tests. In field tests, the male preferred yellow color; the female preferred light-blue color in addition to her preference to yellow-green, yellow and dark-green colors. Among all the color preference test, white color was the least preferred by the D. dorsalis. The male flies always gave stronger response to all colors
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Chuang, Yachu, and 莊雅筑. "The Relationships among Recreational Attraction, Service Quality, Perceived Value, Satisfaction and, Revisiting Willingness: A Case of Sitou Nature Education Area." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50002970881579515030.
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碩士國立澎湖科技大學
觀光休閒事業管理研究所
99
The purpose of research was to discuss the relationships among recreational attraction, service quality, perceived value, satisfaction, and revisiting willingness of tourists in Sitou Nature Education Area. Convenience sampling was adopted in this study. Questionnaires were distributed to samples to collect data in February, 2010. The model was tested, to evaluate the consequences of recreational attraction, service quality, perceived value, satisfaction, and revisiting willingness, by collecting survey responses from 427 Sitou Nature Education Area participants via structural equation modeling (SEM). Findings of this research indicated that: Recreational attraction positively and significantly influenced perceived value and satisfaction; service quality positively and significantly influenced perceived value; however, service quality did not influence satisfaction significantly. In addition, perceived value positively and significantly influenced satisfaction; however, perceived value did not influence revisiting willingness significantly, satisfaction positively and significantly influenced revisiting willingness was demonstrated. Based on these findings, perceived value occupied the function of mediators between service quality and satisfaction; satisfaction occupied the function of mediators between perceived value and revisiting willingness. Finally, the research results may provide suggestions for Sitou Nature Education Area and further research.
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Wu, Li-Ying, and 吳麗鶯. "Exploring The Relationships Among Visitors’ Participant Motivations, Participant Constraints and Satisfactions by the Attractions of Special Exhibitions at National Museum of Natural Science,Taiwan." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50505342977250554045.
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碩士亞洲大學
休閒與遊憩管理學系碩士在職專班
97
National Museum of Natural Science (hereafter abbreviated as Museum of Science) is the top one domestic museum for natural history, which has many rich natural, scientific, historical and cultural resources; in addition to the constant exhibition, there are also many gorgeous exhibitions in the past that attract so many people to visit; therefore, it is a very important recreation area in central Taiwan. To the museum, the most important thing is to satisfy the expectation and need of the visitor and to possess the function of education as well as entertainment, that is, to attract the visitors to come uninterruptedly. In this study, tourists visiting Museum of Science exhibition will be used as the survey targets. During the tourists’ participation process, the attractive power of the special exhibition will be used to investigate the influence and correlation of tourists’ participant motivation, participant constraint and satisfaction; moreover, tourists of different basic background and attribute will be used to understand the correlation among attraction, participant motivation, participant constraint and the satisfaction of the special exhibition of Museum of Science; moreover, what type of special exhibition the tourists prefer will be further understood, and the tourist attribute that has participant motivation will be analyzed too. Five hundred and thirty people were selected in this cross-sectional, descriptive study by using a structured questionnaire. Five hundred and twelve valid data were used to analyze as the results, the valid corresponding rate was 96.6%. The surveys were conducted during the period of February 1 to February 28 2009. The results of this study are the followings: 1. For the attraction of the special exhibition of Museum of Science, tourists all show highest agreement on “unique historical relic exhibition”; the next are items such as: “the possession of recreation, entertainment and knowledge content” and “education, enlightening and inheritance meaning”. For item with less attraction, the result shows that “the reputation of Museum of Science” has the lowest attraction; the next is “good image of the special exhibition of Museum of Science” and “the visibility of the special exhibition”, etc. 2. For the participant motivation from tourists on the special exhibition of Museum of Science, “learning and growth” has the highest agreement; the next are “the satisfaction of the desire of knowledge” and“personal interest”, respectively. For the item with weaker participant motivation in the special exhibition of Museum of Science, tourists thought that “the upgrade of social status” has the lowest motivation; the next are respectively “the acquisition of respect from others” and “promotion of friendship”, etc. 3. For the participant constraint from tourists on the special exhibition of Museum of Science, “the ticket of the special exhibition is too expensive” and “it is expected that the exhibition site will be very crowded” are listed together as the most agreed items; the next is “Museum of Science is too far away from home”. Tourists thought that item such as “bad interaction with the participators” has the lowest participant constraint; the next are items such as: “no partners suitable for the participation together” and “no convenient public transportation vehicle to Museum of Science”, etc. 4. For the satisfaction from tourists on the special exhibition of Museum of Science, “the expansion of vision and the increase of knowledge” has the highest degree of agreement; the next are “trying of new things” and “the satisfaction of the curiosity of natural science”, respectively. Tourists thought that “the making of good friends” has the lowest satisfaction; the next are items such as “the increasing of confidence” and “the tourists participating in the special exhibition are very friendly”, etc. 5. There is no significant correlation between the tourist’s participant motivation and recreation participant constraint; there is significant correlation between the recognition of special exhibition’s attractive power and tourist’s participant motivation; there is significant correlation between the recognition and satisfaction of special exhibition; there is significant correlation between the tourist’s participant motivation and satisfaction. 6. Tourists ever participated in the special exhibition of Museum of Science prefer most and have the highest satisfaction on special exhibition such as “archeology and historical relic type”, the next is “scientific type”. 7. Special exhibition type with the highest participant willing by the tourists is “archeology and historical relic type”; the next is “scientific type” and “artistic type”. 8. Significant difference exists for the recognition and satisfaction on the special exhibition’s attraction as seen by tourists in terms of “`gender”, “education” and “occupation”; but for “age”, no significant difference can be seen. 9. Significant difference exists for the participation and recreation participant constraint as seen by tourists in terms of “gender” and “occupation”, etc.; but for ”age” and “education”, no significant difference can be seen. Based on the results of this study, eight suggestions are proposed to be used as reference for business operation by the Museum of Science; it is hoped that this study can be helpful and important reference, in the future promotion of special exhibition, to the planning of exhibition that can meet the tourist’s expectation and to the development of tourist resource; we also hope that the cultural industry of special exhibition of the museum can have a prosperous development and that the result of this study can be used as a guiding for future efforts and as reference for subsequent related researches.
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Dong, Yaw-Jen, and 董耀仁. "Evaluation the effectiveness of methyl salicylate on attracting natural enemies and reducing pest population: cucumber cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on cucumber." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2p5pye.
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博士國立中興大學
昆蟲學系所
106
The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Glover), is a major pest of many crops worldwide and a major cucumber plant pest in Taiwan. Because cotton aphid rapidly develop insecticide resistance and because of the insecticide residue problem, a safe and sustainable method is required to replace conventional insecticide control methods. Methyl salicylate , a herbivore-induced plant volatile, has been shown to affect aphids’ behavior and attract the natural enemies of aphids for reducing their population. Therefore, methyl salicylate was first field-tested for the effectiveness of attracting natural enemies in Agricultural Research Institute. Then, this study evaluated the direct effects of methyl salicylate on cotton aphids’ settlement, reproduction, nymph developmental time, population development, and attractiveness to natural enemies. The efficiency of using methyl salicylate and the commercial insecticide pymetrozine for reducing the cotton aphid population in laboratory and outdoor cucumber plant pot was also examined. The results showed that yellow sticky paper baited with methyl salicylate significantly attracted more Scymnus Pullus sodalis Weise, Scymnus Pullus quadrillum Motschulsky, brown lacewing, Orius strigicollis Poppius, Cardiastethus exiguus Poppius and Campylomma chinesis Schuh than control and the attractions were different followed by different concentrations. There were no difference in winged aphids’ settlement, reproduction, nymph developmental time and population development between the methyl salicylate treatment and control. Cucumber plants infested with cotton aphid and baited with 0.1% methyl salicylate contained significantly higher numbers of the natural enemy of cotton aphid, namely S. sodalis. Furthermore, methyl salicylate-treated cucumber plants contained a lower number of cotton aphid. Significantly lower cotton aphid numbers were found on cucumber plants within a 10-m distance of methyl salicylate application. In addition, fruit yield showed no difference between the methyl salicylate and pymetrozine treatments. According to our findings, under our tests condition, 0.1% methyl salicylate application can replace insecticides as a cotton aphid control tool. However, large-scale experiments are necessary to confirm its efficiency and related conservation biological control strategies before further use.
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KOTOUČOVÁ, Jitka. "Územní vztahy a propojení rekreačních funkcí ve vybrané oblasti." Master's thesis, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-48805.
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The object of this diploma thesis was to analyze the tourism potential in the Macha{\crq}s region and analyze the partnership between subjects of tourism in this area. Tourist attractions and tourist services were analyzed too. There were given tips to improve the development of tourism.
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Madeira, Andreia Catarina Ribeiro. "Incorporação de compostos voláteis atrativos e repelentes em matrizes biopoliméricas para aplicação como sistemas de controlo de pragas florestais." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/86612.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Química apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaEm Portugal, o Monochamus galloprovincialis é o único inseto vetor do nemátode da madeira do pinheiro (NMP), agente causal da doença da murchidão do pinheiro (DMP). O custo associado a ações de controlo do NMP e do seu inseto vetor é elevado e a durabilidade, eficácia e dificuldade de aplicação dos produtos disponíveis no mercado impedem a sua monitorização eficiente. Neste contexto, o objetivo da presente dissertação foi o desenvolvimento de sistemas particulados à base de quitosano através de técnicas de gelificação iónica com incorporação de α-pineno (atrativo) ou eucaliptol (repelente), e a incorporação destas em matrizes biopoliméricas de κ-carragenano, para controlar de forma mais eficaz a libertação do composto bioativo volátil, para aplicação em armadilhas comerciais ou em armazéns de madeira. As partículas de quitosano com 2 mm de diâmetro individualmente e incorporadas no gel de κ-carragenano apresentaram algumas alterações, quer das bandas que indicam degradação dos materiais na análise FTIR-ATR, quer das temperaturas de degradação das partículas, quando expostas a uma degradação acelerada com exposição à radiação UV. A incorporação do α-pineno e eucaliptol nas partículas foi de 67 e 42%, respetivamente, o que pode ser devido à lixiviação do eucaliptol durante o processo de produção das partículas tendo em conta a sua maior solubilidade em água. A incorporação das partículas carregadas numa matriz de κ-carragenano permitiu diminuir a concentração de bioativos voláteis libertada numa ordem de grandeza e prolongar a sua libertação até ~ 3 dias. Os ensaios de dessorção permitiram determinar a cinética, a ordem e o mecanismo de libertação dos sistemas formulados, tendo-se concluído que este resulta de uma combinação de fenómenos de difusão e dessorção de água. A resistência mecânica dos géis contendo partículas carregadas foi superior à do gel sem partículas, o que sugere que a incorporação destas promove a reticulação do sistema e favorece a sua integridade mecânica durante o seu armazenamento. Através da realização deste trabalho foi possível preparar sistemas de libertação de semioquímicos através da utilização de biopolímeros e controlar a sua libertação, para atração ou repelência do inseto vetor do NMP, com aplicação em armadilhas nas florestas ou em armazéns de madeira.
In Portugal, Monochamus galloprovinvialis is the insect vector of the pinewood nematode (PWN), which is the causal agent of the pine wilt disease (PWD). Costs associated with control actions of the PWN and its insect vector are huge and the shelf life and difficult application of market products available for that purpose decreases their effectiveness and hamper an efficient monitorization. The objective of this thesis was the development of chitosan based particulate systems, through ionic gelation techniques, loaded with volatile compounds that attract (α-pinene) or repel (eucalyptol) the PWN insect vector, and their incorporation in κ-carrageenan biopolymeric matrices, aiming to develop prototypes to be applied in commercial traps or wood stores which are able to effectively control the release of these volatile bioactive compounds. Accelerated degradation experiments showed that both chitosan particles and κ-carrageenan gel present evidences of degradation after UV exposure for 72 h, as confirmed from FTIR-ATR and thermogravimetric analysis. The yields of α-pinene and eucalyptol incorporation in chitosan particles was 67 and 42%, respectively, being the later most probably due to leaching of eucalyptol during the production of the particles based on its higher solubility in water. The incorporation of these loaded particles in a κ-carrageenan matrix allowed the decrease of volatile bioactive release concentration in one order of magnitude, and for a longer period of ~ 3 days. Dessorption experiments allowed to determine the kinetic parameters for the release of α-pinene and eucalyptol from different matrices and to infer about their release mechanism which resulted from a combination of volatile diffusion and water desorption from the matrices. The mechanical resistance of loaded particles incorporated in the κ-carrageenan matrix was higher than that obtained for the gel without particles, suggesting that the incorporation of the particles into the gel favored its mechanical integrity during storage. With the accomplishment of this work it was possible to prepare semiochemical release systems using biopolymer based systems and to control in a more efficient way their release rate from the matrices into the environment.