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1

Reynolds, John E. "The Florida Manatee: Biology and Conservation." Aquatic Mammals 33, no. 2 (June 1, 2007): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/am.33.2.2007.251.

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2

Kautz, Randy S., and James A. Cox. "Strategic Habitats for Biodiversity Conservation in Florida." Conservation Biology 15, no. 1 (February 2001): 55–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2001.98355.x.

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3

Morgan, Keith N. "MIZNER'S FLORIDA: AMERICAN RESORT ARCHITECTURE." Landscape Journal 5, no. 1 (1986): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/lj.5.1.62.

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4

Gullion, Margaret E., and Taylor Stein. "Opening the Door to Nature: Accounting for People’s Constraints to Nature-based Recreation." EDIS 2019, no. 4 (August 1, 2019): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-fr415-2019.

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Although millions of people recreate in parks, forests, and other conservation areas in the United States every year, research shows that some are left out; not everyone takes advantage of natural areas for the numerous benefits nature-based recreation provides. Results show that many people who do not participate in nature-based recreation feel constrained by their quality of time, not the quantity of time. In other words, they're saying, "Prove to me that it's worth my time to go out in nature. Show me something cool!" Based on research conducted in Hillsborough County, Florida and similar studies, this 6-page fact sheet written by Margaret E. Gullion and Taylor Stein and published by the UF/IFAS School of Forest Resources and Conservation addresses identifies strategies to improve the opportunities natural areas can provide a diverse public. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fr415
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5

Romañach, Stephanie S., Allison M. Benscoter, and Saira M. Haider. "Potential Impacts of Future Urbanization and Sea Level Rise on Florida's Natural Resources." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 11, no. 1 (March 12, 2020): 174–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/092019-jfwm-076.

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Abstract As urban development continues to encroach into natural systems, these ecosystems experience increasing degradation to their form and function. Changing climatic conditions further compound the losses in biodiversity and ecosystem function. The state of Florida is known for its biodiversity but has experienced declines in species populations and habitats because of urbanization and sea level rise. Because Florida benefits from a multibillion-dollar income from natural resources tourism, these declines challenge the state's economy. In this study, we assessed the potential future impacts of urbanization and sea level rise on a suite of conservation targets that have been set for the state. We developed six scenarios of all combinations of intermediate and high sea level rise paired with two types of urbanization, sprawling and compact, in both 2040 and 2070 to examine the potential future threats to conservation targets in High Pine and Scrub, Coastal Uplands, and Freshwater Aquatics ecosystems. Our results show projected decreases in extent and area of these priority ecosystems into the future. Under Florida's current trends in urbanization practices, projections indicate a greater impact on conservation targets than if sprawl reduction practices are implemented. Projections indicate that Coastal Uplands will experience the greatest loss in area, at up to 47%. Conservation-focused urban planning and climate adaptation strategies can help protect Florida's natural resources with benefits to Florida's tourism economy as well as critical ecosystem functions and services such as coastal flood protection and storm surge risk reduction.
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6

Cowlishaw, G., K. Crandall, J. L. Gittleman, and E. J. Milner-Gulland. "The Florida panther: an editorial perspective." Animal Conservation 9, no. 2 (May 2006): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2006.00027.x.

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7

Seamon, Greg. "A Longleaf Pine Sandhill Restoration in Northwest Florida." Ecological Restoration 16, no. 1 (1998): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/er.16.1.46.

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8

Packard, Jane M. "The Florida Manatee: Biology and Conservation Roger L. Reep, Robert K. Bonde . 2006.The Florida Manatee: Biology and Conservation. University Press of Florida. Gainesville, Florida, USA. 189 $34.95. ISBN: ISBN 0-8130-2949. (hardcover)." Journal of Wildlife Management 71, no. 4 (June 2007): 1388. http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2006-522.

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9

Perry, Gad. "Endangered and threatened animals of Florida and their habitats." Wildlife Society Bulletin 33, no. 3 (September 2005): 1184–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[1184:eataof]2.0.co;2.

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10

Bassett, BL, JA Hostetler, E. Leone, CP Shea, BD Barbeau, GL Lonati, AL Panike, A. Honaker, and LI Ward-Geiger. "Quantifying sublethal Florida manatee-watercraft interactions by examining scars on manatee carcasses." Endangered Species Research 43 (December 3, 2020): 395–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr01075.

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A leading human-related threat to the Florida manatee Trichechus manatus latirostris is collisions with watercraft, which account for 20-25% of reported mortalities. Quantitative threat assessments do not include information on all known manatee-watercraft interactions. These interactions often result in sublethal wounding, usually leaving multiple fresh external wounds in a variety of patterns. These wounds then resolve into well-healed scars. We characterized and quantified watercraft-related scar patterns (1 pattern = 1 strike event) on 2935 nonperinatal carcasses (>150 cm total length) that were recovered from 2007 through 2016 to compare the number of patterns by life stage, sex, and population region and across years. We used generalized linear mixed models to examine the effects of several factors on the probability carcasses having scars and on the number of scar patterns per carcass. The models indicated that approximately 96% of adults, approximately 70% of subadults, and approximately 34% of calves had watercraft-related scars. The raw data showed that 1 in 4 adults had been hit 10 or more times; 5 adult carcasses bore evidence of 40 or more strikes. On average, adult females had more scar patterns than did adult males. Manatees on Florida’s west coast had more scar patterns than did those on the east coast, while carcasses from the less populated Everglades had significantly fewer scar patterns than did those from the rest of the state. These results improve our understanding of the extent of sublethal injury of the Florida manatee caused by boat strikes.
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11

Bjorndal, KA. "Significance of anecdotes for historical perspective: black bear predation on sea turtle eggs." Endangered Species Research 43 (November 19, 2020): 353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr01071.

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In his April 2010 TED talk on the shifting baseline syndrome, Daniel Pauly warned us that ‘we transform the world, but we don’t remember it.’ This lapse is the greatest obstacle to understanding and restoring the structure and function of ecosystems transformed by anthropogenic effects over past centuries or even over the past few decades. Historical anecdotes can be a powerful tool to address gaps in our knowledge of the past. I present a case study to demonstrate the use of anecdotes to reveal the extensive predation by black bears Ursus americanus on sea turtle eggs in Florida, USA. Until the late 1800s, bears were major predators on eggs deposited by the large sea turtle aggregations nesting on the east coast of Florida. However, this past source of mortality, and the resulting substantial transport of nutrients from marine to terrestrial habitats via the bears, are largely unknown today. By the early 1900s, the great influx of humans to the east coast of Florida quickly decimated the bear populations by hunting and habitat degradation. Without historical anecdotes, knowledge of the extensive predation by black bears on sea turtle eggs in Florida would have been lost.
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12

Page-Karjian, A., R. Chabot, NI Stacy, AS Morgan, RA Valverde, S. Stewart, CM Coppenrath, et al. "Comprehensive health assessment of green turtles Chelonia mydas nesting in southeastern Florida, USA." Endangered Species Research 42 (May 14, 2020): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr01036.

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Important indicators of population health needed for large-scale sea turtle population recovery efforts include demographics, disease and mortality trends, condition indices, and baseline blood data. With this comprehensive health assessment of adult female green sea turtles Chelonia mydas nesting on Juno Beach, Florida, USA, we (1) established comprehensive baseline health indices; (2) identified individuals with evidence of infection by chelonid alphaherpesviruses 5 and 6 (ChHV5, ChHV6), which are implicated in fibropapillomatosis and respiratory and skin disease, respectively; and (3) compared measured health indices between turtles that did versus those that did not test positive for ChHV5 and/or ChHV6. All 60 turtles included in the study were in good body condition with no external fibropapillomatosis tumors. Hematological and biochemical reference intervals were established. Via quantitative PCR (qPCR), 5/60 turtles (8%) tested positive for ChHV5, and all turtles were negative for ChHV6. Of 41 turtles tested for antibodies to ChHV5 and ChHV6, 29% and 15% tested positive, respectively, and 10% tested positive for antibodies to both viruses. Notably, there were no statistically significant differences between health variables for nesting turtles that tested positive for ChHV5 DNA versus those that tested negative; and also no differences between turtles that tested positive for ChHV5 or ChHV6 antibodies and those that did not. This suggests that these viruses are enzootically stable in Florida’s adult green turtles. This study provides a health profile of nesting green turtles in southeastern Florida applicable to temporal and spatial investigations of this and other populations.
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13

Platt, Steven G., Hong Liu, and Christopher K. Borg. "Fire Ecology of the Florida Box Turtle (Terrapene Carolina BauriTaylor) in Pine Rockland Forests of the Lower Florida Keys." Natural Areas Journal 30, no. 3 (July 2010): 254–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3375/043.030.0301.

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14

MAIN, MARTIN B. "Mobilizing Grass-Roots Conservation Education: the Florida Master Naturalist Program." Conservation Biology 18, no. 1 (February 2004): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.01801.x.

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15

Kent, Donald M., Alexandra H. McKently, John B. Adams, and Michael A. Langston. "Tissue Culture and Outplanting of Rare Florida Scrub Plant Species." Ecological Restoration 18, no. 4 (2000): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/er.18.4.249.

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16

Callahan, J. L., C. Barnett, and J. W. H. Cates. "Palmetto Prairie Creation on Phosphate-Mined Lands in Central Florida." Ecological Restoration 8, no. 2 (1990): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/er.8.2.94.

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17

Culver, M., P. W. Hedrick, K. Murphy, S. O'Brien, and M. G. Hornocker. "Estimation of the bottleneck size in Florida panthers." Animal Conservation 11, no. 2 (April 2008): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2007.00154.x.

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18

Davis, Allison G., John J. Cox, and Songlin Fei. "Alternative 2070: Mitigating the effects of projected sea level rise and urbanization on Florida black bear and Florida panther habitat." Journal for Nature Conservation 63 (October 2021): 126052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2021.126052.

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19

Rodgers, Phillip D., and Elizabeth F. Pienaar. "Tolerance for the Florida panther in exurban southwest Florida." Journal of Wildlife Management 82, no. 4 (February 20, 2018): 865–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21431.

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20

Larkin, Jeffery L., David S. Maehr, Thomas S. Hoctor, Michael A. Orlando, and Karen Whitney. "Landscape linkages and conservation planning for the black bear in west-central Florida." Animal Conservation 7, no. 1 (February 2004): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1367943003001100.

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21

Sinclair, Michael N., Amanda West, and Eric S. Menges. "Outplanting of a Rare Wetland Grass, Coleataenia abscissa, in Florida Ecosystems." Ecological Restoration 38, no. 4 (December 2020): 214–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/er.38.4.214.

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22

Bacone, John A. "Fire Ecology of Florida and the Southeastern Coastal Plain." Natural Areas Journal 39, no. 4 (November 22, 2019): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3375/043.039.0413.

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23

Hostetler, Jeffrey A., J. Walter McCown, Elina P. Garrison, Aletris M. Neils, Mark A. Barrett, Melvin E. Sunquist, Stephanie L. Simek, and Madan K. Oli. "Demographic consequences of anthropogenic influences: Florida black bears in north-central Florida." Biological Conservation 142, no. 11 (November 2009): 2456–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2009.05.029.

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24

Bakenhaster, MD, SA Bullard, SS Curran, DC Kritsky, EH Leone, LK Partridge, CF Ruiz, RM Scharer, and GR Poulakis. "Parasite component community of smalltooth sawfish off Florida: diversity, conservation concerns, and research applications." Endangered Species Research 35 (February 9, 2018): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr00863.

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25

Shafland, Paul L. "A Review of Florida's Efforts to Regulate, Assess and Manage Exotic Fishes: Contribution Number 41, Non-Native Fish Research Laboratory, Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission, Boca Raton, Florida 33431." Fisheries 11, no. 2 (March 1986): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8446(1986)011<0020:arofet>2.0.co;2.

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26

McClenachan, L. "Historical declines of goliath grouper populations in South Florida, USA." Endangered Species Research 7 (July 1, 2009): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr00167.

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27

Franzreb, Kathleen E., and Stanley J. Zarnoch. "Factors affecting Florida scrub-jay nest survival on Ocala National Forest, Florida." Journal of Wildlife Management 75, no. 5 (June 3, 2011): 1040–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.139.

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28

HARVESON, PATRICIA M., ROEL R. LOPEZ, NOVA J. SILVY, and PHILIP A. FRANK. "SOURCE–SINK DYNAMICS OF FLORIDA KEY DEER ON BIG PINE KEY, FLORIDA." Journal of Wildlife Management 68, no. 4 (October 2004): 909–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541x(2004)068[0909:sdofkd]2.0.co;2.

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29

CONROY, MICHAEL J., PAUL BEIER, HOWARD QUIGLEY, and MICHAEL R. VAUGHAN. "Improving The Use Of Science In Conservation: Lessons From The Florida Panther." Journal of Wildlife Management 70, no. 1 (January 2006): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541x(2006)70[1:ituosi]2.0.co;2.

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30

BIELEFELD, RONALD R., and ROBERT R. COX. "Survival and Cause-Specific Mortality of Adult Female Mottled Ducks in East-Central Florida." Wildlife Society Bulletin 34, no. 2 (June 2006): 388–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2006)34[388:sacmoa]2.0.co;2.

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31

VanTassel, Nichelle M., and Alexis M. Janosik. "A compendium of Coastal Dune Lakes in Northwest Florida." Journal of Coastal Conservation 23, no. 2 (November 29, 2018): 385–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11852-018-0671-4.

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32

Bolt, M. Rebecca, Mark A. Mercadante, Timothy J. Kozusko, Stephanie K. Weiss, Carlton R. Hall, Jane A. Provancha, Naresa R. Cancro, Tammy E. Foster, Eric D. Stolen, and Scott A. Martin. "An Adaptive Managed Retreat Approach to Address Shoreline Erosion at the Kennedy Space Center, Florida." Ecological Restoration 37, no. 3 (August 6, 2019): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/er.37.3.171.

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33

McDonough, Colleen M., and W. J. Loughry. "Impacts of land management practices on a population of nine-banded armadillos in northern Florida." Wildlife Society Bulletin 33, no. 4 (December 2005): 1198–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[1198:iolmpo]2.0.co;2.

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34

W. Virnstein, Robert. "Seagrass management in Indian River Lagoon, Florida: dealing with issues of scale." Pacific Conservation Biology 5, no. 4 (1999): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc000299.

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The major theme of this paper is that management of seagrass must deal with issues of geographic scale. Approaches at several scales are needed. Examples are drawn primarily from management programmes for the 250 km long Indian River Lagoon system on the south-east coast of Florida. The Lagoon has several attributes of spatial variation that require approaches at various scales (e.g., from 1:1 000 000 to 1:1). Risks and errors of scaling up and scaling down are described. For large-scale approaches, remote-sensing mapping methods are generally appropriate. In the Indian River Lagoon, true-colour aerial photographs. are typically taken every 2?3 years at 1 :24 000 scale. Such Lagoon-wide maps have fuzzy boundaries and cannot be scaled down to fine scale, but they can be scaled up. At large scale, seagrass restoration/protection targets (to a depth of 1.7 m) are reasonable, but are unreasonable at fine scale. For monitoring change within a bed or meadow at metre to 500 m scale, monitoring of fixed transects is a powerful tool. However, the technique has limited power for comparisons among beds, which requires multiple transects. To build a predictive model, a site-specific study examined the relationships among light, water quality, and seagrasses. The link between seagrass and water quality is made through a light attenuation model incorporating both water column and epiphytes. Extensive sampling is required to test the robustness of the model at all scales. No single scale is appropriate for all approaches, and no approach applies over all scales. If such considerations of scale are not incorporated, errors of measurement, inappropriate techniques for assessment, implementation of wrong solutions, and a lack of understanding of the system under study can result.
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35

Crumpacker, David W., Elgene O. Box, and E. Dennis Hardin. "Implications of Climatic Warming for Conservation of Native Trees and Shrubs in Florida." Conservation Biology 15, no. 4 (August 3, 2001): 1008–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2001.0150041008.x.

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36

Livingston, M. "American Society of Landscape Architects Annual Meeting & Expo Fort Lauderdale, Florida, October 7- 10, 2005." Landscape Journal 25, no. 2 (January 1, 2006): 262–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/lj.25.2.262.

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37

Bertz, Christine A., and J. Stephen Brewer. "Hurricane Impacts on Florida Rosemary Across the Northeastern Region of the Gulf Coast." Natural Areas Journal 33, no. 2 (April 2013): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3375/043.033.0206.

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38

Redwine, Jed R., Richard Sawicki, Jerome J. Lorenz, and Wayne Hoffman. "Ripe Fruit Availability in the Fragmented Hardwood Forests of the Northern Florida Keys." Natural Areas Journal 27, no. 1 (January 2007): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3375/0885-8608(2007)27[8:rfaitf]2.0.co;2.

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39

Brusher, JH, and J. Schull. "Non-lethal age determination for juvenile goliath grouper Epinephelus itajara from southwest Florida." Endangered Species Research 7 (July 1, 2009): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr00126.

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40

Frias-Torres, S. "Habitat use of juvenile goliath grouper Epinephelus itajara in the Florida Keys, USA." Endangered Species Research 2 (2006): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr002001.

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41

Foley, AM, BA Schroeder, R. Hardy, SL MacPherson, M. Nicholas, and MS Coyne. "Postnesting migratory behavior of loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta from three Florida rookeries." Endangered Species Research 21, no. 2 (August 13, 2013): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr00512.

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42

Bisping, Scott M., and Brandon C. Thompson. "Importance of Canals for Florida Largemouth Bass: Lake Griffin, Florida." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/082016-jfwm-061.

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Abstract Canal systems are commonly found across the country and are rarely constructed to increase fish habitat or angling opportunities. From 2009 to 2011, we assessed the benefits of canals to the fishery at Lake Griffin, Florida, by measuring and comparing the Florida Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides floridanus population and angler use to the main lake. We used electrofishing, angler creel surveys, and a high-reward tagging study. Results from electrofishing surveys revealed a high relative abundance of Florida Largemouth Bass in the canals, with similar electrofishing catch rates and size structure to those in the main lake. The canal creel showed that anglers used canals throughout the study, with peak use during the spawning season. The tagging study revealed anglers caught Florida Largemouth Bass in canals throughout the 12-mo study and that Florida Largemouth Bass migrated between the lake and canals. We conclude that the canals support a significant portion of the overall angler effort for the Lake Griffin fishery. Failing to consider the canals at Lake Griffin results in substantial underestimates of fish populations, angler use, and the fishery's economic impact. Our data suggest, however, that monitoring only the lake section still may represent trends occurring throughout the entire body of water, resulting in lowering sampling time and financial requirements. Fishery managers can identify any impacts canal systems or other lake sections may have to the fishery by including additional sections of a body of water into their sampling protocol.
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43

W. Lefebvre, Lynn, James P. Reid, W. Judson Kenworthy, and James A. Powell. "Characterizing Manatee habitat use and seagrass grazing in Florida and Puerto Rico: implications for conservation and management." Pacific Conservation Biology 5, no. 4 (1999): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc000289.

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The Indian River Lagoon on the Atlantic coast of Florida, USA, and the east coast of Puerto Rico provide contrasting environments in which the endangered West Indian Manatee Trichechus manatus experiences different thermal regimes and seagrass communities. We compare Manatee feeding behaviour in these two regions, examine the ecological effects of Manatee grazing on a seagrass community in the Indian River Lagoon, describe the utility of aerial surveys, radio tracking, and seagrass mapping to study Manatee feeding patterns, and develop hypotheses on sirenian feeding strategies in temperate and tropical seagrass communities. In both the Indian River Lagoon and Puerto Rico, Manatees were typically observed grazing in water depths = 2.0 m and more frequently on the most abundant seagrasses present in the community: Halodule wrightii in the Indian River Lagoon and Thalassia testudinum in eastern Puerto Rico. Where both H. wrightii and Syringodium filiforme were consumed in the Indian River Lagoon, Manatees tended to remove more S. filiforme than H. wrightii rhizome + root biomass. Even though 80 to 95% of the short-shoot biomass and 50 to 67% of the rhizome + root biomass were removed, grazed patches of H. wrightii and S. filiforme recovered significantly between February and August. H. wrightii may be both more resistant and resilient than S. filiforme to the impacts of Manatee grazing. Despite the significantly greater abundance of T. testudinum in Puerto Rico, Manatees exhibited selective feeding by returning to specific sites with abundant H. wrightii. They also appeared to feed selectively on T. testudinum shoots associated with clumps of the calcareous alga Halimeda opuntia. We hypothesize that Florida Manatees are less specialized seagrass grazers than Manatees in tropical regions like Puerto Rico. Continued research on Manatee grazing ecology in temperate to tropical seagrass communities will enable better protection and management of these vital and unique marine resources.
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44

Koenig, Christopher C., Felicia C. Coleman, and Christopher R. Malinowski. "Atlantic Goliath Grouper of Florida: To Fish or Not to Fish." Fisheries 45, no. 1 (October 4, 2019): 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10349.

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45

Pate, JH, and AD Marshall. "Urban manta rays: potential manta ray nursery habitat along a highly developed Florida coastline." Endangered Species Research 43 (September 3, 2020): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr01054.

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The giant oceanic manta ray Mobula birostris was listed in the US Endangered Species Act as a threatened species in 2018, yet insufficient data exist on manta populations throughout US waters to designate critical habitat. Taxonomic and genetic evidence suggests that manta rays in the Western Atlantic are a separate species (M. cf. birostris) and little is understood about the ecology and life history of this putative species. The juvenile life stage of both M. birostris and M. cf. birostris is particularly understudied. Here, we are the first to describe the characteristics of a manta ray population along a highly developed coastline in southeastern Florida using boat-based surveys and photo identification of individuals. Fifty-nine manta individuals were identified between 2016 and 2019. All males were sexually immature based on clasper development, and 96% of females were classified as immature based on size and absence of mating scars or visible pregnancies. Twenty-five (42%) individuals were observed more than once during the study period and 8 individuals were sighted over multiple years. The occurrence of juveniles, high site fidelity and extended use of the study area by juvenile manta rays suggest that southeastern Florida may serve as a nursery habitat. High occurrence of fishing line entanglement (27% of individuals) and vessel strike injury were documented, and rapid wound healing was observed. Future research and conservation efforts will focus on identifying the physical and biological features of the potential nursery habitat and on mitigation of anthropogenic impacts.
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46

Lin, Li, Alexej Prassolov, Anneke Funk, Laura Quinn, Heinz Hohenberg, Kai Frölich, John Newbold, et al. "Evidence from nature: interspecies spread of heron hepatitis B viruses." Journal of General Virology 86, no. 5 (May 1, 2005): 1335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.80789-0.

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Heron hepatitis B viruses (HHBVs) in three subspecies of free-living great blue herons (Ardea herodias) from Florida, USA, were identified and characterized. Eight of 13 samples were positive in all assays used, whereas sera from egrets, which are also members of the family Ardeidae, were negative in the same assays. Comparative phylogenetic analysis of viral DNA sequences from the preS/S region of previously reported and novel HHBV strains isolated from captive grey herons (Germany) and free-ranging great blue herons (USA), respectively, revealed a strong conservation (95 % sequence similarity) with two separate clusters, implying a common ancestor of all strains. Our data demonstrate for the first time that different subspecies of herons are infected by HHBV and that these infections exist in non-captive birds. Phylogenetic analysis and the fact that the different heron species are geographically isolated populations suggest that lateral transmission, virus adaptation and environmental factors all play a role in HHBV spreading and evolution.
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47

Rickey, Marcia A., Carl W. Weekley, and Eric S. Menges. "Fellingas a Pre-Treatment for Prescribed Fire Promotes Restoration of Fire-Suppressed Florida Sandhill." Natural Areas Journal 33, no. 2 (April 2013): 199–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3375/043.033.0210.

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48

Koptur, Suzanne, and Beyte Barrios. "Are Native Palms “Pollinator Hogs”? A Field Experiment in Pine Rocklands of Southern Florida." Natural Areas Journal 40, no. 2 (April 6, 2020): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3375/043.040.0205.

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49

Slocum, Matthew G., William J. Platt, Brian Beckage, Bob Panko, and James B. Lushine. "Decoupling Natural and Anthropogenic Fire Regimes: a Case Study in Everglades National Park, Florida." Natural Areas Journal 27, no. 1 (January 2007): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3375/0885-8608(2007)27[41:dnaafr]2.0.co;2.

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50

Cox, WA, AC Schwarzer, B. Tornwall, and R. Chicalo. "Tide and habitat features affect salt marsh songbird nest survival in northeast Florida, USA." Endangered Species Research 41 (January 30, 2020): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr01021.

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