Journal articles: 'Nautical Science'

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Favro, Srećko, and Iva Saganić. "Prirodna obilježja hrvatskog litoralnog prostora kao komparativna prednost za razvoj nautičkog turizma." Geoadria 12, no. 1 (January 11, 2017): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.116.

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Having in mind Croatian littoral area with its unique attractive coast and islands, it can be said that nautical tourism is absolutely authentic and distinctly recognizable Croatian "tourist product". In spite of numerous comparative advantages, Croatian nautical tourism still has not taken the right place on the market of Mediterranean nautical tourism. Future development of nautical tourism with its complementary activities – nautical economy, should be considered as the driving force for social and economic development of Croatian coastal area and islands, and it should be correctly dimensioned in accordance with carrying capacity of the geographical basis and sustainable development principles. Adequate valorization of Croatia’s most important resources, coast and islands, based on sustainable development principles and long-term systematic actions would improve social and economic position of Croatian Adriatic area.

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Kovačić, Mirjana, and Tihomir Luković. "Prostorne značajke planiranja i izgradnje luka nautičkog turizma." Geoadria 12, no. 2 (January 11, 2017): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.119.

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This paper systematically and clearly defines the significance of these a and coastal are ainnautical tourism activities’ preformances. Ecological aspect of the area is considered and the need for a systematic and multidiscipline planning of its development and the usage is pointed out. With its specificactivityandtheneedforspacearoundthe coastal line within maritime domain, nautical tourism emphasizes problems of protection of costal and sea environment. Location of nautical tourism ports and spatial planning becomes one of the most important issues. Therefore, spatial plans have to be subordinated to the protection and promotion of the environment, which implies efficient, but sensible managing of the coastal area. Authors have emphasized the importance of integral managing in the function of nautical tourism development and selection of nautical tourism ports locations. The significance of sustained research is pointed out in order to understand its role in development of country’s economy. Respecting areal and ecological aspects of nautical tourism development, a sustainable development model of nautical tourism ports has been completed. The model indicates the selection of scientific methodology using methods of multicriterial analysis and team work of experts from various fields.

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Vaz Velho, Filomena, Pedro Barros, and Bjørn Erik Axelsen. "Day–night differences in Cunene horse mackerel (Trachurus trecae) acoustic relative densities off Angola." ICES Journal of Marine Science 67, no. 5 (March 12, 2010): 1004–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsq004.

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Abstract Vaz Velho, F., Barros, P., and Axelsen, B. E. 2010. Day–night differences in Cunene horse mackerel (Trachurus trecae) acoustic relative densities off Angola. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1004–1009. The assessment and the management of the Cunene horse mackerel in Angola rely heavily on abundance estimates from hydroacoustic surveys. Acoustic data collected from 1994 to 1999 were analysed to quantify diurnal variation in relative acoustic densities at 38 kHz. The nautical-area scattering coefficient (sA, m2 nautical mile−2) was characterized by clear day–night differences: sA values recorded during the day were significantly higher (mean sA: 135 m2 nautical mile−2) than the corresponding night-time values (mean sA 83 m2 nautical mile−2). This pattern is associated with differences in behaviour and horizontal and vertical distributions between day and night: by day, the fish school near the seabed, and by night, they move into the pelagic zone and disperse into widespread scattering layers. More than 40% of the total backscatter by day originated from the bottom 10 m, but at night this proportion decreased to <10%. The findings demonstrate considerable influences of behaviour and aggregation dynamics on acoustic measurements. Possible implications for the estimates of acoustic abundance are discussed in the light of the differences.

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Stubbs, Edgardo. "Information Processing Analysis of the Harbor Nautical Charts and Their Representation of the Changes in the Territory: the Case of La Plata Port." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 6, no. 2 (June 10, 2017): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v6i2.p114-122.

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Nautical charts are a representation of a territorial moment. Understanding the territory as a state of the process of social construction, historical analysis of the nautical charts allows the understanding of the spatial transformations that has crossed a maritime territory. Thus, the study of them represents a tool for the understanding of territorial transformations from the physical-social environment and in their navigation. According to the territory they represent, their scale and the information provided by nautical charts are classified as: general, Sailing, coastal navigation, approach or landfall, and Harbor charts. The latter, which constitute documents that provide important information for different classes of users, are modified as a result of the fact that ports as complex maritime spaces and of great dynamism cause in its coasts and nearby areas important modifications in both the physical and social environment that are reflected in the documents. The information organization and retrieval contained in the nautical charts are essential for access to them. The RDA (Resource for Description and Access) constitute a set of norms for information processing developed from the Librarianship and Information Science. This work will analyze the functionalities of the concepts of work, expression, manifestation and item incorporated to the RDA for the processing of nautical port charts and the possibilities of representation of the changes in the territory that have occurred over time.

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Alves Gaspar, Joaquim, and Henrique Leitão. "Early Modern Nautical Charts and Maps: Working Through Different Cartographic Paradigms." Journal of Early Modern History 23, no. 1 (March 7, 2019): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700658-12342627.

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Abstract Of all the technical and scientific developments that made possible the European maritime expansion, the nautical chart is perhaps the least studied and understood. This fact is very surprising as it was with the information contained in those charts, and later imported to geographical maps and atlases, that the newly discovered lands were first shown to the European nations. There was, however, a deep incompatibility between these two cartographic paradigms—the nautical charts and the geographical maps—which remained unsolved throughout the sixteenth century and beyond, despite the attempts to harmonize the technical principles of Ptolemy’s Geography with the advances of nautical cartography. An eloquent symptom of such incompatibility was the difference between what was understood as an accurate depiction of the Earth, in the eyes of cosmographers and geographers, and what was considered by the pilots as an accurate nautical chart. The misunderstandings around these issues during the early modern period and the unsuccessful attempts at reconciliation were, in great part, the cause for some polemics among cosmographers, cartographers and pilots, such as the conflict in the Casa de Contratación around the charts of Diego Gutiérrez, a fact not entirely understood by historians. At the core of the difficulty lies the circumstance that only in the present day has the true nature of the nautical chart, as a navigational tool, started to be clarified. How the differences between geographical maps and nautical charts contributed to shape the History of Cartography in various periods, and how they are related to conflicting scholarly objectives and practices, is the subject of this essay. We will show, using the results of cartometric analysis, that not only were those artifacts constructed using different principles and with different purposes, but that they belonged to incompatible cartographic paradigms, and we will argue for the relevance of this fact for the history of science.

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Sartini, Sri. "Kahoot in Maritime English Teaching: Its Impact on Nautical Science Cadet’s Oral Reproduction and Vocabulary." English Language Teaching Educational Journal 3, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/eltej.v3i1.1667.

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This type of research was Participatory Action Research using the Denzin and Lincoln (2005) model which consists of the Kahoot pre-action cycle and post-action cycle. This study aimed to examine the use of Kahoot Platform in Maritime English learning. It improved the speaking skill of nautical science cadets by the increasing number of maritime vocabularies as an indication. The results of this study described that the use of Kahoot quiz made learning experienced in the classroom very interactive, interesting, and effective, because of the two cycles carried out increased from the beginning of the cycle to the next cycle marked by the increasing number of correct answers done by the cadets. Thus, their vocabulary mastery increased as well. Kahoot not only increased vocabularies that supported cadet’s speaking skill initiated by the correct oral reproduction, but also increased cadet’s enthusiasm in learning Maritime English. In conclusion, the use of online gamification-based Kahoot quiz toward nautical science cadets at Sekolah Tinggi Maritim Yogyakarta had a significant impact on vocabulary mastery for effective communication skills.

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Miret-Pastor, Lluís, Agustín Molina-García, César García-Aranda, and Paloma Herrera-Racionero. "The connection between recreational fishing and the traditional fishing sector in the emerging area of marine tourism: challenges and opportunities for diversification with the European Fisheries Fund (EFF)." ICES Journal of Marine Science 77, no. 6 (August 3, 2019): 2369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsz150.

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Abstract Diversification of fisheries has one of its main lines of development in tourism, especially in countries as touristic as Spain. An important part of the European Fisheries Funds (EFFs) has subsidized, through the Fisheries Local Action Groups, local development projects in fishing zones with a large part of these projects related to tourism, including nautical tourism. In this new context it is possible to quantify and analyse the subsidized projects’ typology and the relationship between recreational and professional fishing. This work analyses 705 projects financed by European funds, mainly the EFF, of which 172 are related to tourism and 48 to nautical tourism. The objective is to categorize and characterize the subsidized projects and, subsequently, to verify the degree of relationship, if any, between the projects of nautical tourism and professional fishing.

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Borrero L., Ricardo, Patricia Schwindingera, Ana Castelli, Nicolas C. Ciarlo, Rodrigo Torres, Martijn Manders, Filipe Castro, and Richard Furuta. "Seeking a common ground for the Nautical Archaeology Digital Library (NADL). Reflections on science, method, theory and templates." Virtual Archaeology Review 12, no. 24 (January 19, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2021.14331.

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Data sharing is a fundamental process for the advancement of both natural and social sciences. Starting from the idea that computers and the internet have drastically changed the world in the last decades, this paper advocates for the creation of a space where archaeologists from around the world can share information about maritime history and exchange data with colleagues. Following the principles of open access, we argue that raw data publication is necessary and significant for the development and democratization of the discipline. This study explains the fundamental aspects of the Nautical Archaeology Digital Library (NADL) and its efforts to standardize information collection for shipwrecks and related sites, so that scholars can create a community to disseminate both raw data and complete information in the field of maritime archaeology. To achieve this, our purpose is to facilitate the development of common-ground methodology and terminology that promotes an intelligible dialogue within the global community of nautical archaeologists. This paper addresses some considerations on terminology and systematization in scientific disciplines and discusses the theoretical and methodological issues linked to the process of making a template for recording shipwrecks. Furthermore, this article analyses some of the problems related to the standardization of description processes and the necessity to create a flexible system that accounts for data diversity. The third section discusses how science is greatly enhanced by publishing information in open access platforms.Highlights:• Standardization of data allows robust comparative and inter-subjective analysis of coastal and maritime projects, shipwrecks and nautical technology. • Research is strongly benefited by sharing information underlying publications and raw data generated within a project in open source platforms. • Digital databases such as NADL enhance cooperative research, as well as teaching and outreach strategies.

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9

Harrington, Charles. "Maritime Boundaries on National Ocean Service Nautical Charts." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 14 (March 1, 1993): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp14.984.

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The National Ocean Service (NOS) is responsible for charting the Nation's coastal waters and, therefore, is the lead Agency for the portrayal of maritime limits of the United States of America. The 1958 Geneva Convention on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone states " ... the normal baseline for measuring the breadth of the territorial sea is the low waterline along the coast as marked on large-scale charts officially recognized by the coastal state." In 1976, NOS was requested to show various maritime limits on its regular issue of nautical charts. The paper presents the history of maritime boundaries on National Ocean Service (NOS) charts, methods used in constructing the various maritime limits, the definition of the limits, the push for lateral seaward boundaries, and the technical aspects of maritime limits.

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Mehta, Ashish J., Farzin Samsami, Yogesh P. Khare, and Cihan Sahin. "Fluid Mud Properties in Nautical Depth Estimation." Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering 140, no. 2 (March 2014): 210–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ww.1943-5460.0000228.

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11

Randles, W. G. L. "Sixth international reunion for the history of nautical science and Hydrography, Sagres, 1987." Imago Mundi 40, no. 1 (January 1988): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03085698808592654.

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12

Magnússon, Bjarni Már. "OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF BOUNDARY AGREEMENTS." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 62, no. 2 (April 2013): 345–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589313000067.

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AbstractThe article analyses the trends in continental shelf boundary agreements that extend beyond 200 nautical miles. The focus is on three issues: first, the delimitation method; second, whether States have acted on the basis that they have to delineate the limits between the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles and the international seabed area before they engage in a boundary delimitation with neighbouring states; and third, how the end point of the boundary line has been defined. The goal of the analysis is to find out whether any rule of customary law has emerged which seems not to be the case.

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Örebech, Peter, Ketill Sigurjonsson, and Ted L. McDorman. "The 1995 United Nations Straddling and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks Agreement: Management, Enforcement and Dispute Settlement." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 13, no. 2 (1998): 119–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157180898x00238.

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AbstractThe 1995 UN Straddling and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks Agreement is designed to implement the management principles of the LOS Convention applicable to these stocks. This contribution focuses upon those aspects of the 1995 Agreement related to surveillance and enforcement, dispute settlement and the role and competence of regional fisheries management organisations (RFOs). The Agreement seeks to delegate fisheries management authority over straddling stocks to the RFOs. A key issue that will confront an RFO will be compatibility of management measures inside and outside the 200-nautical mile zone. An RFO will have to choose between a "top down" (the RFO managing the entire stock) or a "bottom up" (the coastal state having independent authority within 200 nautical miles) approach. While the 1995 Agreement is careful not to trample upon coastal state jurisdiction within 200 nautical miles, the preferred resource management approach supported by the 1995 Agreement and this contribution is the "top down" model.

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Schick, Robert S., Patrick N. Halpin, Andrew J. Read, Christopher K. Slay, Scott D. Kraus, Bruce R. Mate, Mark F. Baumgartner, et al. "Striking the right balance in right whale conservation." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 66, no. 9 (September 2009): 1399–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f09-115.

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Despite many years of study and protection, the North Atlantic right whale ( Eubalaena glacialis ) remains on the brink of extinction. There is a crucial gap in our understanding of their habitat use in the migratory corridor along the eastern seaboard of the United States. Here, we characterize habitat suitability in migrating right whales in relation to depth, distance to shore, and the recently enacted ship speed regulations near major ports. We find that the range of suitable habitat exceeds previous estimates and that, as compared with the enacted 20 nautical mile buffer, the originally proposed 30 nautical mile buffer would protect more habitat for this critically endangered species.

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Langran, Gail. "Tracing Temporal Information in an Automated Nautical Charting System." Cartography and Geographic Information Systems 17, no. 4 (January 1990): 291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1559/152304090783805726.

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Fritze, Ronald H., and W. G. L. Randles. "Geography, Cartography and Nautical Science in the Renaissance: The Impact of the Great Discoveries." Sixteenth Century Journal 32, no. 3 (2001): 788. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2671518.

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McAnally, W. H., R. Kirby, S. H. Hodge, T. L. Welp, N. Greiser, P. Shrestha, D. McGowan, and P. Turnipseed. "Nautical Depth for U.S. Navigable Waterways: A Review." Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering 142, no. 2 (March 2016): 04015014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ww.1943-5460.0000301.

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Walline, Paul D. "Geostatistical simulations of eastern Bering Sea walleye pollock spatial distributions, to estimate sampling precision." ICES Journal of Marine Science 64, no. 3 (January 31, 2007): 559–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsl045.

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Abstract Walline, P. D. 2007. Geostatistical simulations of eastern Bering Sea walleye pollock spatial distributions, to estimate sampling precision. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64: 559–569. Sequential Gaussian and sequential indicator geostatistical simulation methods were used to estimate confidence intervals (CIs) for biomass estimates from six echo-integration trawl surveys of eastern Bering Sea walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) biomass. Uncertainty in the acoustic and the length frequency data was combined in the calculation of CIs. Sampling in 2002 provided evidence for isotropy in the spatial distribution. Variogram models were characterized by long ranges (75–122 nautical miles for non-zero acoustic data, for example) compared with the smallest dimension of the survey area (∼100 nautical miles) and small nugget effects (∼20% of the semi-variance in transformed normal space for acoustic data). The 95% CIs obtained for the abundance estimates did not vary greatly between years and were similar to those from a one-dimensional transitive geostatistical analysis, i.e. ± 5–9% of estimated total biomass.

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Harbitz, Alf, Egil Ona, and Michael Pennington. "The use of an adaptive acoustic-survey design to estimate the abundance of highly skewed fish populations." ICES Journal of Marine Science 66, no. 6 (April 9, 2009): 1349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsp088.

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Abstract Harbitz, A., Ona, E., and Pennington, M. 2009. The use of an adaptive acoustic-survey design to estimate the abundance of highly skewed fish populations. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1349–1354. The uncertainty (relative root-mean-square error) of abundance estimates based on a simple and easily implemented adaptive design for an acoustic survey is examined. The study is limited to surveys with parallel transects and independent observations with extremely skewed distributions. The adaptive approach defines a stratum for each conventional observation and how to take additional observations in that stratum when the acoustic density exceeds a predetermined threshold. The cost (sailing distance) of each added observation is about three times that of a conventional observation. This method was demonstrated using high-resolution transect data from a herring (Clupea harengus) acoustic survey conducted in 2006 off the north coast of Norway. The primary sampling unit for this winter survey was 5 nautical miles, and the usual distance between transects was 20 nautical miles. The results indicate that an adaptive survey design would substantially reduce the root-mean-square error of the abundance estimates compared with that of the conventional survey design.

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Guang-Qi, Sun. "A Brief History of Ancient Chinese Sailing Directions." Journal of Navigation 42, no. 1 (January 1989): 11–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463300015265.

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abstractThis paper, based on documentary records, attempts a brief, systematic investigation of the main characteristics of ancient Chinese sailing directions in terms of content and form as well as development. The evolution of Chinese sailing directions can be divided historically into the following periods and categories:1. Non-written records.2. Primitive written forms.3. From non-quantitative description to quantitative description.4. Quantitative description with charts,5 . Charts aided by written descriptions.In the course of his examination of these categories, the author analyses the most important sailing directions in Chinese history, and concludes that, Zheng He Hang Hai Tu (Zheng He's Nautical Charts) compiled in the first half of the fifteenth century, are not only the first illustrative sailing directions which do not rely on written directions but appear to be the first nautical chart collection for ocean-going sailing in history.Finally, the author points out that, although western sailing directions have contributed greatly to navigational science and technology, the Chinese contribution to the development of sailing directions, deserves greater recognition.

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Link, Jason S., and Chad Demarest. "Trawl hangs, baby fish, and closed areas: a win–win scenario." ICES Journal of Marine Science 60, no. 5 (January 1, 2003): 930–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1054-3139(03)00131-0.

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Abstract The frequency and geographic distribution of trawlnet hangs from a fishery-independent survey are evaluated. The hangs data were plotted on a substratum map to confirm that many, but not all, were naturally occurring, high relief substrata. The data were also coupled with the occurrence of juvenile cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) to assess the degree of association between juvenile gadoids and high relief substrata. The average minimal distance from a fish occurrence to a hang ranged from 8.1 to 12.0 km (4.4–6.5 nautical miles), well within the reported daily range of movement for these fish. A similar pattern was detected for the sea raven (Hemitripterus americanus), a predator of juvenile gadoids, confirming the location of these microhabitat foodwebs. On average, closing an area 3.7 km (2 nautical miles) around a hang will enclose 17–30% of the populations of these juvenile fish; a wider buffer (18–28 km; 10–15 nautical miles) will close a linearly increasing portion of the populations. Additionally, closing areas surrounding the hangs, particularly regions of high hang density, will help to minimize losses of or damage to fishing gear. We propose a win–win scenario by establishing or evaluating closed areas in regions with high concentrations of known hangs. This approach is widely applicable for many marine ecosystems and may help to achieve simultaneous conservation and resource management goals, whereby one can both protect pre-recruit fish and enhance the effectiveness of a fishery.

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Tian, Bo, Wei Jie Gao, and Qian Wang. "Studies on Ships Collision Avoidance with SAPSO Arithmetic." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 1338–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.1338.

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Vessel collision prevention issue has always been the focus of the nautical science research. This paper considers a variety of factors that affect the safety of the ship collision avoidance to optimize the research on multi-boat collision avoidance magnitude, by using the improved collision risk index model and simulated annealing particle swarm optimization. The result of the simulation indicates that SAPSO can deal with the problems of angle of avoiding collision, results are accurate and feasible.

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Croarken, M. "Tabulating the heavens: Computing the Nautical Almanac in 18th-Century England." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 25, no. 3 (July 2003): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mahc.2003.1226655.

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Best, Peter B., James P. Glass, Peter G. Ryan, and Merel L. Dalebout. "Cetacean records from Tristan da Cunha, South Atlantic." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 89, no. 5 (July 21, 2009): 1023–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315409000861.

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The cetacean fauna at the Tristan da Cunha archipelago has been assessed from ship-based, aerial and land-based observations from 1983–2000, from strandings on Tristan da Cunha and Inaccessible Island between 1983 and 1995, and from whaling catch data from 1934–1967. Five species (Eubalaena australis, Megaptera novaeangliae, Tasmacetus shepherdi, Globicephala melas and Orcinus orca) have been sighted within the territorial waters of the archipelago, eight species (Balaenoptera physalus, B. borealis, B. acutorostrata/bonaerensis, Physeter macrocephalus, Mesoplodon mirus, M. bowdoini, Delphinus sp. and Lissodelphis peronii) have been seen or taken within 200 nautical miles (360 km) of the group or have been found stranded on its shores, while another two species (Caperea marginata and Lagenorhynchus obscurus) have been recorded close enough to be considered likely to occur within 200 nautical miles. The records of Mesoplodon mirus and M. bowdoini represent significant extensions to their known distribution. Apart from its possible importance as a mid-oceanic nursery area for southern right whales, the waters of the Tristan Archipelago seem to be a concentration area for T. shepherdi, one of the least-known of the world's cetaceans.

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Báez, José C., Raimundo Real, Jesús Bellido, David Macias, José M. de la Serna, and Juan A. Camiñas. "Validating an ecological model with fisheries management applications: the relationship between loggerhead by-catch and distance to the coast." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 91, no. 6 (July 6, 2010): 1381–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002531541000069x.

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On the one hand, a recent study on sea turtle by-catch during surface longline fishing targeting swordfish in the western Mediterranean Sea showed that sea turtle by-catch is independent of fishing effort and other technological factors. When the distance to the coast increases, there is a higher probability of catching a loggerhead turtle. The authors proposed to avoid fisheries further than 35 nautical miles (approximately 65 km) from the coast. However, the proposed 35 nautical miles limit could be useful where the continental shelf is narrow, as in the Balearic Sea, and useless where it widens. On the other hand, ecological model validation is considered essential for management application. The objective of the present paper is to validate the new fisheries loggerhead by-catch model in different areas outside the Balearic Sea with wider continental shelves, aimed at maintaining sustainable fishing activity compatible with the conservation of the loggerhead populations. Our present results validate the previous model, and stress the importance of the eco-geographical variable distance to the coast in understanding the loggerhead by-catch (or incidental capture) per unit effort for the longline fisheries targeting swordfish.

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Mohovic, Djani, Robert Mohovic, and Mate Baric. "Deficiencies in Learning COLREGs and New Teaching Methodology for Nautical Engineering Students and Seafarers in Lifelong Learning Programs." Journal of Navigation 69, no. 4 (January 21, 2016): 765–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037346331500096x.

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The Faculty of Maritime Studies, University of Rijeka, Croatia, manages the European Union (EU) project “Avoiding Collisions at Sea” (ACTs). The project is funded by the European programme “Leonardo da Vinci”. Other maritime education and training institutions participating in this project come from Great Britain, Spain, Slovenia, Bulgaria and Turkey. The purpose of this research was to identify skill gaps in knowledge and teaching of COLREGs (International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea 1972 - Rules) for nautical Bachelor of Science (BSc) students and experienced deck officers. The analysis of the research on marine accidents has identified vessel collisions as one of the most frequent types of accidents. Further research showed that human error and misinterpretation of the Rules are the most frequent reasons for vessel collisions. Using a questionnaire, nautical students/navigating cadets and navigating officers' understanding of the Rules was tested. The results showed skill gaps in understanding of some parts of the COLREGs due to wrong interpretation and application of the Rules. The authors claim that it is possible to improve the professional competence of navigating officers by applying proper learning methods using real-life scenarios and e-learning.

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Bruyns, Willem F. J. Mörzer. "Book Review: Geography, Cartography and Nautical Science in the Renaissance: The Impact of the Great Discoveries." International Journal of Maritime History 13, no. 1 (June 2001): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387140101300126.

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Martínez Vázquez, Rosa, Juan Milán García, and Jaime De Pablo Valenciano. "Analysis and Trends of Global Research on Nautical, Maritime and Marine Tourism." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 1 (January 17, 2021): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9010093.

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Tourism related to the sea and boating activities is becoming increasingly popular and revolves around a range of leisure, water sports, nautical or other maritime activities. This article studies the main scientific contributions in this area, bearing in mind the complexity of finding a suitable definition of this concept. Hence, the aim of this paper is to analyze the scientific production from 1986 to 2020 in impact journals of the terms “nautical tourism”, “maritime tourism” and “marine tourism” considering the following variables: number of documents, number of articles, period being studied, Hirsch citations and index. The results show an increasing trend in terms of both the number of published articles and citations publications from 2007 onwards and the review of the literature raises the need to define a new concept: “blue tourism”. Future trends in research include terms such as tourist ports, quality of websites and blue economy.

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Rudan, Smiljko, and Irena Radić Rossi. "Application of the State-Of-The Art Engineering Methods in Nautical Archaeology." Journal of Maritime & Transportation Science 2, Special edition 2 (April 2018): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18048/2018-00.113.

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Modern interdisciplinary projects are connecting researchers from seemingly unrelated fields, like naval engineering and archaeology. However, archaeological remnants of the present days, such as ancient ships and ceramic transport containers, were created by engineers and artisans of the past. It is therefore meaningful to consider their function and construction from an engineering point of view, complementing the archaeological research. One track of the interdisciplinary project Archaeology of Adriatic Shipbuilding and Seafaring (AdriaS), founded by the Croatian Science Foundation, aims at better understanding of structural behaviour of the ancient seaborne structures, made of wood and ceramics. In addition, a reverse engineering method is considered in the analysis of underwater archaeological sites, by the simulation of capsizing of ancient ship. This paper presents the possibilities and limitation of the application of the state-of-the-art engineering methods in nautical archaeology. It focuses on the analysis of wooden and ceramics structures, particularly through the identification of open questions, and exploitation of proper material models. Moreover, it presents the complex fluid-structure interaction analysis of a ship capsizing event as a possible engineering tool for testing hypothesis.

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Vuković, Ante, and Marko Mišura. "Croatian Maritime Code Reform – Charter and Contract of Nautical Berth." Naše more 66, no. 1 (February 2019): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17818/nm/2019/1.6.

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Thamsborg, Milan. "The Role of Natural Prolongation in Relation to Shelf Delimitation beyond 200 Nautical Miles." Nordic Journal of International Law 64, no. 4 (1995): 619–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181095x00887.

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AbstractIt is common knowledge that the coastal State's right to continental shelf areas emanates from the fundamental conception that "the land dominates the sea". It is, however, by way of the "coastal opening" - the indirect basis of title to shelf areas - that such right manifests itself as the "natural prolongation" into and under the sea of the landmass of the coastal State. Over some 15 years of legal usage natural prolongation assumed a still more abstract character leaving today no trace of its origin as a concept deeply rooted in natural science. The principle of distance was sequentially introduced as the complementary carrier of entitlement to shelf areas. Yet, in case of a wide continental shelf (margin) extending uninterrupted beyond 200 nm from the shoreline, natural prolongation is still considered as the sole carrier of entitlement though in a somewhat figurative sense. It is the role of natural prolongation in relation to the wide shelf and its delimitation between neighbouring States which is the principal subject of the present paper.

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Luksanato, Sarawut. "Determinants Affecting Thai Merchant Marine Students' Decision in Selecting a Maritime Institute in Thailand: Nautical Science Program." Journal of Korean navigation and port research 37, no. 4 (August 31, 2013): 359–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5394/kinpr.2013.37.4.359.

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Nie, Qing, Xing Sheng, Nan Zhang, Jianjiang Wang, Yingnan Shang, and Fanghuai Hu. "Construction of A Nautical Knowledge Graph Based on Multiple Data Sources." Journal of Coastal Research 94, sp1 (September 9, 2019): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.2112/si94-047.1.

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Deng, Roy, Cathy Dichmont, David Milton, Mick Haywood, David Vance, Natasha Hall, and David Die. "Can vessel monitoring system data also be used to study trawling intensity and population depletion? The example of Australia's northern prawn fishery." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62, no. 3 (March 1, 2005): 611–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f04-219.

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We explore the potential of using data from Australia's northern prawn fishery (NPF) vessel monitoring system(s) (VMS) to examine trawl track, trawling intensity, and stock depletion due to trawling. We simulate VMS data by subsampling global positioning system (GPS) fixes from the NPF fishing vessels at different polling intervals to examine their accuracy in describing trawl tracks. The results of the simulations suggest that VMS data with polling intervals longer than 30 min cannot accurately estimate trawl tracks. The analysis of high-polling-frequency VMS data collected in four (later reduced to three) 6 nautical mile × 6 nautical mile grids that historically received high levels of fishing effort showed that trawling was not random and some areas were trawled up to 28 times in the tiger prawn fishing season and the impact varied among years. The results of a catch-depletion analysis suggest that fishery catch-per-unit-effort and cumulative catch may not be proportional to overall target-species biomass in areas with highly aggregated trawl effort. The VMS data also showed a large number of trawls can occur in productive areas and that trawling impacts on benthos may be quite marked.

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Dkk, Eliza Merina. "THE DEVELOPMENT OF COGNITIVE TEST DEVICES FOR COMPETENCE MEASUREMENT OF FUTURE SENIOR VOCATIONAL SCHOOL TEACHERS IN FISHING VESSEL NAUTICAL EXPERTISE." EDUTECH 14, no. 2 (June 10, 2015): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/edutech.v14i2.1375.

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Abstract. This research aimed to develop a valid and reliable cognitive test device for measuring the professional competence of the future teachers in the fishing vessel nautical science with a proper procedure. The method used in this study was research and development method with the following procedures: identification of measurement purposes, the development of test specifications, item writing, item review of the test (validity test), trial test 1, items analysis 1, reliability test, trial test 2, items analysis 2 , and the construction of the final test device. At the beginning of the development of test specifications and test item writing, there were 65 test items being developed and as the development going, the number of test items was decreasing. After being tested by 3 experts in the fishing vessel nautical science, the items have been reduced to 60 test items which then were being constructed to be the 1st trial test device. Following this, the 1st items analysis was carried out in accordance to classical test theory which consists the level of difficulties, item discrimination, and effectiveness of distractors. From this analysis the number of items has been reduced to 29 test items which were constructed to be 2nd trial test device. Reliability test was conducted for the 1st trial test using the internal consistency approach by calculating the reliability of Kuder Richardson (KR20). The result showed that the reliability coefficient is 0.71 which indicated that the 1st trial test was a reliable test. The 2nd trial test was conducted and followed by the 2nd items analysis which left 19 test items to be constructed as a final form test devices.Keywords : test development, competency measurement, fishing vessel nautical scienceAbstrak. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengembangkan sebuah perangkat tes kognitif yang valid dan reliabel untuk pengukuran kompetensi profesional calon-calon guru SMK Keahlian NKPI melalui prosedur yang benar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah riset dan pengembangan. Prosedur yang dilalui dalam penelitan ini yaitu : identifikasi tujuan pengukuran, pengembangan spesifikasi tes, penulisan butir soal, penelaahan butir tes (uji validitas), uji coba tes 1, analisa butir tes 1, uji reliabilitas, uji coba tes 2, analisa butir tes 2, dan perakitan bentuk akhir tes. Pada awal pembuatan spesifikasi tes dan penulisan butir, jumlah butir yang dikembangkan berjumlah 65 butir tes. Seiring proses pengembangan tes dilakukan, jumlah butir tes mengalami degradasi (penurunan). Setelah melalui tahap telaah butir (uji validitas) yang dilakukan oleh 3 orang ahli di bidang NKPI, butir tes mengalami pengurangan 5 butir tes sehingga tersisa 60 butir tes untuk dirakit menjadi perangkat tes uji coba 1. Setelah uji coba 1 dilakukan dilanjutkan dengan analisis butir 1 yang dilakukan sesuai teori ujian klasik yang terdiri dari tingkat kesukaran, daya diskriminasi butir, dan efektivitas distraktor. Dari analisis tersebut, jumlah butir soal pun mengalami pengurangan hingga tersisa 29 butir tes untuk dirakit menjadi perangkat tes uji coba 2. Dari hasil uji coba 1 pun dilakukan uji reliabilitas menggunakan pendekatan konsistensi internal (internal consistency) yaitu dengan perhitungan reliabilitas Kuder Richardson (KR20). Diperoleh nilai koefisien reliabilitas sebesar 0,71 yang menunjukkan bahwa perangkat tes tergolong reliabel. Uji coba 2 dilakukan dan diteruskan dengan analisa butir 2, kembali lagi butir soal mengalami pengurangan hingga tersisa 19 butir tes untuk dirakit menjadi perangkat tes bentuk akhir.Kata Kunci : pengembangan tes, pengukuran kompetensi, nautika kapal penangkaan ikan

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Mossop, Joanna. "Protecting Marine Biodiversity on the Continental Shelf Beyond 200 Nautical Miles." Ocean Development & International Law 38, no. 3 (August 31, 2007): 283–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00908320701530474.

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Gaspar, Joaquim Alves. "The Liber de existencia riveriarum (c.1200) and the Birth of Nautical Cartography." Imago Mundi 71, no. 1 (November 28, 2018): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03085694.2019.1529898.

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Köberer, Wolfgang. "Nautical Works. Oeuvres nautiques. Nautische Werke. Les premières oeuvres 1583. By Jacques Devaulx." Imago Mundi 72, no. 1 (December 12, 2019): 77–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03085694.2020.1675373.

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Marelić, Tome. "Utjecaj vjetra na organizaciju jedrenjačke plovidbe na hrvatskom dijelu Jadrana." Geoadria 21, no. 2 (December 3, 2016): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.21.

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The paper is about characteristics analysis of major winds across the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea and their impact on organization of sailing ship navigation from prehistory until mid nineteenth century. Research area was divided into northern, middle and southern part of eastern Adriatic, and parameters for three prevailing winds – bora, jugo and mistral, were observed over four climatological seasons and also over annual average values on 18 main meteorological and climatological weather monitoring stations. Information generated from such data was intertwined with archaeological findings from the eastern Adriatic coast and historical writings that witness sailing across the area. Historical writings that were used consist of itineraries and some of the earliest nautical pilots written as a navigational aid for the area of the eastern Adriatic. The prime goal was to determine if there is a correlation between reconstructed sailing routes that existed in times when information about landscape and surrounding occurrences and processes (wind in this case) was collected by observation and contemporary measured data. It was also important to determine if navigation was affected by advances in nautical technology, particularly ship hull and sail construction, and navigation equipment.

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Marelić, Tome. "Wind influence on sailing ship navigation across Croatian part of Adriatic Sea." Geoadria 21, no. 2 (December 30, 2016): 211–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.17.

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The paper is about characteristics analysis of major winds across the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea and their impact on organization of sailing ship navigation from prehistory until mid nineteenth century. Research area was divided into northern, middle and southern part of eastern Adriatic, and parameters for three prevailing winds – bora, jugo and mistral, were observed over four climatological seasons and also over annual average values on 18 main meteorological and climatological weather monitoring stations. Information generated from such data was intertwined with archaeological findings from the eastern Adriatic coast and historical writings that witness sailing across the area. Historical writings that were used consist of itineraries and some of the earliest nautical pilots written as a navigational aid for the area of the eastern Adriatic. The prime goal was to determine if there is a correlation between reconstructed sailing routes that existed in times when information about landscape and surrounding occurrences and processes (wind in this case) was collected by observation and contemporary measured data. It was also important to determine if navigation was affected by advances in nautical technology, particularly ship hull and sail construction, and navigation equipment.

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Marelić, Tome. "Utjecaj vjetra na organizaciju jedrenjačke plovidbe na hrvatskom dijelu Jadrana." Geoadria 21, no. 2 (January 2, 2017): 211–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.20.

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The paper is about characteristics analysis of major winds across the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea and their impact on organization of sailing ship navigation from prehistory until mid nineteenth century. Research area was divided into northern, middle and southern part of eastern Adriatic, and parameters for three prevailing winds – bora, jugo and mistral, were observed over four climatological seasons and also over annual average values on 18 main meteorological and climatological weather monitoring stations. Information generated from such data was intertwined with archaeological findings from the eastern Adriatic coast and historical writings that witness sailing across the area. Historical writings that were used consist of itineraries and some of the earliest nautical pilots written as a navigational aid for the area of the eastern Adriatic. The prime goal was to determine if there is a correlation between reconstructed sailing routes that existed in times when information about landscape and surrounding occurrences and processes (wind in this case) was collected by observation and contemporary measured data. It was also important to determine if navigation was affected by advances in nautical technology, particularly ship hull and sail construction, and navigation equipment.

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Wroblewski, J. S., Wade L. Bailey, and Kristine A. Howse. "Observations of Adult Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) Overwintering in Nearshore Waters of Trinity Bay, Newfoundland." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f94-016.

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In the Random Island region of Trinity Bay, Newfoundland, individual adult Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) with surgically implanted sonic transmitters were repeatedly relocated during the winter of 1990–91. Cod remained near shore, where seawater temperatures were as low as −1.5 °C. These fish did not move in the fall to offshore continental shelf waters as do most northern cod, nor did they move into the deeper waters of Trinity Bay that were slightly warmer than those in the nearshore zone. Of 12 cod released with transmitters in the fall and early winter, two were caught by local inshore fishermen the following spring, providing evidence that adult cod that overwinter nearshore become available to the spring inshore fishery. Another three were caught within a year of release. One fish was hooked in Fortune Bay on the southern coast of Newfoundland, having traveled a minimum distance of 305 nautical miles. These results demonstrate that northern cod can survive the surgical implantation of transmitters for at least a year and that this method is a valid technique for studying the behavior of northern cod. The main limitation to our sonic tracking was the relatively short range of signal reception (<1 nautical mile).

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Anderson, D. H. "Bay of Bengal Maritime Boundary." American Journal of International Law 109, no. 1 (January 2015): 146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/amerjintelaw.109.1.0146.

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On July 7, 2014, an ad hoc arbitral tribunal (Tribunal) rendered its award on the dispute between Bangladesh and India concerning the delimitation of their entire maritime boundary in the northern part of the Bay of Bengal. The award established the course of the boundary line in the territorial sea, the exclusive economic zone (EEZ), and the continental shelf within and beyond 200 nautical miles, ending a dispute that had persisted between the neighbors for more than three decades.

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Saundercock, G. P. "The Geocoding of Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery and an Application to Nautical Charting." Photogrammetric Record 15, no. 85 (April 1995): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0031-868x.00006.

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Izquierdo, P., J. C. Nieto Borge, C. Guedes Soares, R. Sanz González, and G. R. Rodríguez. "Comparison of Wave Spectra from Nautical Radar Images and Scalar Buoy Data." Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering 131, no. 3 (May 2005): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-950x(2005)131:3(123).

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Doig, J. E., D. E. Woolnough, D. F. Woolnough, and Demitris Delikaraoglou. "Book Reviews." Canadian Surveyor 40, no. 2 (June 1986): 200–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcs-1986-0018.

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In August 1985 Canadian hydrographers broke new ground by being the first to use airborne laser scanning techniques to locate and survey shipping channels through parts of the southern route of the Northwest Passage. This survey is a landmark event in hydrographic surveying as it signals the first time that an active airborne sensor was used for chartmaking purposes. Laser soundings were acquired in two of the highest priority areas and the processed results will be used in the compilation of new nautical charts of these two areas.

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Casey, M. J., and J. Vosburgh Terra. "CHARTMAKING WITH LARSEN." Canadian Surveyor 40, no. 3 (September 1986): 251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcs-1986-0020.

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In August 1985 Canadian hydrographers broke new ground by being the first to use airborne laser scanning techniques to locate and survey shipping channels through parts of the southern route of the Northwest Passage. This survey is a landmark event in hydrographic surveying as it signals the first time that an active airborne sensor was used for chartmaking purposes. Laser soundings were acquired in two of the highest priority areas and the processed results will be used in the compilation of new nautical charts of these two areas.

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Brooks, Randall C., and William J. Daniels. "Surveying instrument makers of Central Canada." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 20, no. 6 (December 1, 1993): 1037–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l93-134.

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This paper describes the impetus for the development of a trade in surveying instruments in Central Canada in the 19th and early 20th centuries and compares it with the nautical instrument trade in our developing nation. The careers of several of the known makers are considered and some of the extant instruments made by them are briefly described. The question of the extent that they were makers is also considered. Key words: surveying, instruments, makers, history, Canada, Ontario, Québec, 19th–20th century.

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Støle-Hentschel, Susanne, Jörg Seemann, José Carlos Nieto Borge, and Karsten Trulsen. "Consistency between Sea Surface Reconstructions from Nautical X-Band Radar Doppler and Amplitude Measurements." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 35, no. 6 (June 2018): 1201–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-17-0145.1.

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AbstractThis study comprises the analysis and the interpretation of the coherent and the noncoherent parts of a coherent-on-receive microwave radar at grazing incidence conditions. The Doppler measurement is an extension of standard civil marine radar technology. While intensity images require interpretation based on understanding the underlying imaging mechanism, the Doppler signal measures the motion of an area of sea surface and is therefore closely related to the wave physics. Both the measured Doppler signal and the backscatter intensity signal are suitable for surface inversion and give almost identical surface elevations. A statistical comparison with a nearby buoy showed good correlation for the significant wave height and the peak period. By comparing the Doppler signal and the amplitude in the backscatter, the study amends the understanding of imaging mechanisms in marine radars at grazing incidence.

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Chochorowski, Jan, and Marek E. Jasinski. "Traces of Pomor nautical penetration on the coasts of northwestern Sørkappland, West Spitsbergen." Acta Borealia 5, no. 1-2 (January 1988): 50–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08003838808580356.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Nautical Science'

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