Academic literature on the topic 'Navajo blankets'

The shipbuilding sector, as well as all modern transportation industries, is faced with demands for greater productivity while at the same time ensuring the manufacture of consistently high quality products, reducing levels of re-working, saving energy, and minimizing operational costs. Furthermore, it is imperative that new designs and all the stages of production comply with stringent environmental regulation. Within this context, the application of Friction Stir Welding (FSW) as a manufacturing process to weld Tailor Welded Blanks (TWB) for Al structures can contribute to the development of high speed craft and lightweight ships that are more fuel efficient, based on a high energetic efficient and environmental friendly welding process. In this work, the heterogeneous mechanical behavior of TWB joints welded by FSW was evaluated using quasi-static and cyclic loading, and the observed microstructural features were analyzed. The TWB joints were manufactured using dissimilar alloys and thicknesses (6 and 8mm) of particular interest in the shipbuilding sector (AA5083, AA5059 and AA6082). An evaluation of local constitutive properties in different regions through the TWB joint was performed by digital image correlation linked to the tensile test system. From the DIC data processing were generated stress concentrations diagrams and true stress-strain curves for several TWB subzones. The DIC methodology used as well as the accuracy of the proposed method are described in detail. The joints exhibited excellent mechanical properties approximately the same as those of the base metal for the joints manufactured with work hardened alloys (AA5059/AA5083) and 76% mechanical efficiency to those manufactured with the heat-treatable alloy (AA6082). The fatigue strength of the TWB joints were higher than the IIW references for welded structures in aluminum and the fracture mechanisms were characterized using SEM.<br>O setor de construção naval, bem como a indústria moderna, é continuamente sobrecarregada por demandas de aumento de produtividade e ao mesmo tempo precisa garantir a fabricação de produtos com alta qualidade, reduzindo os níveis de retrabalhos, economizando energia e diminuindo os custos operacionais. Adicionalmente a este paradoxo, é imperativo que os novos designs de produtos e todos os estágios de produção sejam compatibilizados com as rígidas exigências ambientais. Neste contexto, a concepção de projetos de estruturas leves soldadas por SALM em configurações sob medidas (Tailor Welded Blanks - TWB) em Al podem contribuir para produção de embarcações com eficiente consumo de combustível e redução dos níveis de eliminação de CO2 através da redução do peso de suas estruturas. Além de utilizar um processo de soldagem eficiente energeticamente e amigável ao meio ambiente. Neste trabalho as características heterogêneas de juntas em TWB soldadas por SALM foram avaliadas através de ensaios mecânicos com carregamentos quasi-estáticos e dinâmicos e, foram criadas relações entre as propriedades mecânicas das juntas e alterações microestruturas resultantes do processo de soldagem. As juntas em TWB foram produzidas com três diferentes ligas de alumínio de particular interesse da construção naval, (AA5083, AA5059 e AA6082) em configurações similares e dissimilar, com combinações de espessuras de 6 e 8mm. Acoplado ao ensaio de tração um sistema de correlação digital de imagens (DIC) foi instalado e o perfil de deformação local das juntas foram investigados durante o carregamento. A partir do processamento dos dados obtidos por DIC, diagramas de concentração de tensão e curvas de tensão-deformação locais foram computados para diferentes subzonas das juntas. O procedimento utilizado, bem como os dados obtidos e a precisão da metodologia proposta foram descritos detalhadamente. As juntas apresentaram excelentes propriedades mecânicas, equivalentes às do metal base para a junta dissimilar produzida com as ligas endurecidas por trabalho mecânico (AA5059/AA5083) e 76% de eficiência para as juntas similares produzidas com a liga tratável termicamente (AA6082). A resistência a fadiga das juntas foram superiores às referências do IIW para juntas soldadas em alumínio e os mecanismos de fratura foram caracterizados por MEV.

Cross-flow fan propulsion has not been seriously considered for aircraft use since an Vought Systems Division (VSD) study for the U.S. Navy in 1975. A recent conceptual design study of light-weight, single seat VTOL aircraft suggest that rotary-engine powered cross-flow fans may constitute a promising alternative to the conventional lift-fan vertical thrust augmentation systems for VTOL aircraft. The cross-flow fan performance data obtained by VSD supported the hypothesis that they could be improved to the point where their thrust augmentation could be used in a VTOL aircraft. In this paper we report results of a NASA Glenn supported experimental and computational cross-flow fan investigation which is currently in progress and we provide an assessment of the potential suitability of crossflow fans for VTOL aircraft propulsion. The tests are carried out in the Turbopropulsion Laboratory of the Naval Postgraduate School, using an existing Turbine Test Rig as a power source to drive the cross-flow fan. A 0.305 m (12-inch) diameter, 38.1 mm (1.5-inch) span cross-flow fan test article was constructed to duplicate as closely as possible the VSD fan so that baseline comparison performance data could be obtained. Performance measurements were taken over a speed range of 1,000 to 7,000 RPM and results comparable to those measured by Vought Systems Division were obtained. At 3,000 RPM a 2:1 thrust-to-power ratio was measured which dropped to one as the speed was increased to 6,000 RPM. Performance maps were experimentally determined for the baseline configuration as well as one with both cavities blanked off, for the speed range from 2,000 to 6,000 rpm. Using Flo++, a commercial PC-based computational fluid dynamics software package by Softflo, 2-D numerical simulations of the flow through the cross-flow fan were also obtained. Based on the performance measurements it was concluded that the optimum speed range for this rotor configuration was in the 3,000 to 5,000 rpm range. The lower speed producing the best thrust-to-power ratio and the upper speed range producing the highest efficiency over sizeable throttling range.