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Hanft, Catherine T. Monroe Debora R. "Functional comparison of the Naval Postgraduate School and Naval Support Activity, Monterey Bay /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1999. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA366862.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 1999."June 1999". Thesis advisor(s): William R. Gates, Kenneth J. Euske, Donald R. Eaton. Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-59). Also available online.
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Hanft, Catherine T., and Debora R. Monroe. "Functional comparison of the Naval Postgraduate School and Naval Support Activity, Monterey Bay." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/26567.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.In this era of scarce resources and intensified interest in reducing governmental spending, organizations such as Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) and Naval Support Activity, Monterey Bay (NSAMB) find themselves under heavy scrutiny to ensure they are managing their commands at the utmost level of efficiency. This study provides a "snapshot" of the functions, structures, costs, resources, and cost saving methods in place for these two co-existing commands in FY98 as a source of information for future benchmarking studies. By examining command flow diagrams, budgetary documents, and manpower listings, and conducting interviews with NPS and NSAMB personnel employed in these areas, the data acquired for this thesis have been molded into a document that provides a baseline for past and future year comparisons. As a result of data comparison, a co-dependent, vertical relationship between NPS and NSAMB was discovered. Functional redundancies in areas such as administration, resource management, and computer support were also identified
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Belgum, Stephen A. "Activity based costing at the Naval Postgraduate School." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA297692.
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Gomez, Joel. "Activity-based costing in the Naval Postgraduate School." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/45193.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThe Naval Postgraduate School is required to report activity costs and set tuition rates annually. The requirement to adequately identify and charge appropriate tuition rates for Naval Postgraduate School programs is critical for complete cost recovery. This thesis reviews the Naval Postgraduate School product lines and applies Activity-Based Costing Theory to provide management with a standard to gauge program and price growth. All Naval Postgraduate School costs are assigned into service and production department costs. Service department costs (indirect and overhead) are accumulated individually and allocated to the Naval Postgraduate School product lines based on cost drivers. The Naval Postgraduate School student load and product line totals are used to reach an average cost per student year.
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Valverde, Xavier F. "Analysis of civilian employee attrition at the Naval Postgraduate School and Naval Support Activity-Monterey Bay." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/7892.
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The purpose of this thesis is to assist management at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) and Naval Support Activity-Monterey Bay (NSA-MB) to determine what civilian non-faculty employee jobs are likely to be left vacant in the next three years due to attrition and to identify what training and skills will be needed by personnel whose jobs may be eliminated in order to be transferred to jobs left vacant due to attrition. The research methods include forecasting and work-analysis. The data were obtained from the Defense Civilian Personnel Data System file for fiscal years 1989 to 1996. The results show ten jobs, based on average number of accessions, attrition rates, forecasted vacancies, and qualification similarities, that may be left vacant to receive transferred personnel. The results also show that the training needed to effectively transfer personnel will be minimal and can be provided at local technical/vocational schools for those working in Clerical and Administrative positions and at NPS for those working in Administrative and Management positions. Because of job specialization and low attrition rates, Firefighters, Police Officers, Heavy Mobile Equipment Mechanics, and Automotive Mechanics will need much training if they are to be transferred to other jobs at NPS and NSA- MB. It is recommended that management intervene to change hiring practices to increase future vacancies in jobs whose vacancies may not be sufficient enough in number or may not appear quickly enough to receive personnel. Three scenarios using the forecasting model are presented to provide alternative methods of increasing those vacancies
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Chase, John H. Jr. "A Naval Aviation Maintenance Organizational Activity Strategic Information System (OASIS)." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/30681.
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Approved for public release, distribution is unlimitedOrganizational Maintenance Activities (OMAs) within the Naval Aviation Maintenance organization do not have an adequate information system (IS). This seriously degrades their ability to efficiently and effectively manage their aircraft, equipment, and personnel. Information systems to support both Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) and the operational chain of command include Naval Aviation Depot Information System (NADIS), Naval Air Logistics Data Analysis (NALDA), and Naval Aviation Logistics Command Management Information System (NALCOMIS). The portion of NALCOMIS intended to support OMAs is not scheduled to be fully implemented until 1999. Decisions made at OMAs have an immediate impact on force readiness and mission capability. Moreover, the largest unfulfilled need for information systems in naval aviation community is at the OMAs. This thesis examines the history of Information system in Aviation Maintenance, analyzes why OMAs lack adequate information systems, and offers a solution within the current technological capabilities of the aviation maintenance community. The potential improvement in operational readiness, avoidance of increased maintenance and personnel costs, improved decision making, and accuracy of information made available to all levels of the Navy chain of command makes implementing an Organizational Activity Strategic Information System (OASIS) imperative
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Simmons, Gregory Scott. "A study of the comparability of Naval activity motor vehicle costs." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1993. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA268900.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, June 1993.Thesis advisor(s): James M. Fremgen ; Richard D. Milligan. "June 1993." Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.
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Youngblood, Deborah E. "Implementing Total Quality Leadership in a Naval Computer and Telecommunications Activity." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA252731.
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Thesis (M.S. in Telecommunications Systems Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 1992.Thesis Advisors: Hocevar, Susan Page ; Barrett, Frank J. "March 1992." Includes bibliographical references (p. 143). Also available in print.
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Haywood, John. "Barbarian naval power in north-west Europe 12 BC to c. AD 850." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293106.
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Jones, Ives C. "Development of an activity-based costing model for implementing capitation at Naval Medical Center San Diego." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1996. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA323615.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1996.Thesis advisor(s): K.J. Euske, J. Keber. "December 1996." Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-112). Also Available online.
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Didjurgis, Tim J., and Kyle J. Fullerton. "The advantages and disadvantages of converting the Naval Postgraduate School to a Navy Working Capital Fund Activity." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/42627.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThe Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) is the Navy’s principal institution for providing advanced education to the Navy and Marine Corps. Funded in part by direct funding through annual appropriations, NPS also receives a substantial amount of reimbursable funding through sponsored research, education, professional development, and other sponsored activities. In recent years, the amount of reimbursable funding NPS receives on an annual basis has grown considerably while direct funding has remained relatively constant. Consequently, the Naval Inspector General conducted inspections of NPS in 2009 and 2012 to address this as well as other issues. As a result, there has been ongoing discussion regarding NPS’s mission and the role reimbursable funded work should play at the school. Like other Navy organizations, NPS is also working toward achieving auditable financial statements in compliance with the Department of Defense Comptroller’s Financial Improvement and Audit Readiness Plan by 30 September 2017. The purpose of this MBA professional report is to evaluate the feasibility and appropriateness of converting NPS from a direct and reimbursable funded organization to a Navy Working Capital Fund activity to uphold the school’s mission and support the Navy in achieving financial auditability.
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Sproule, William G., Kathryn Gonzales, and Hazel Sumpter. "Analysis of the Head of the Contracting Activity (HCA) oversight responsibilities within the Naval Supply System Command (NAVSUP)." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10005.
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Joint Applied ProjectThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the Head of the Contracting (HCA) oversight responsibilities within the Naval Supply Systems Command (NAVSUP). Statutes as implemented by the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) (and lower level regulations) mandate the oversight responsibilities of the HCA. This responsibility is further delegated in NAVSUP instructions and policy and other higher-level policy. The objective of this paper is to establish a single source that identifies the regulations, instructions, policies, etc. that promulgate the HCA oversight responsibility within NAVSUP. The end result of the paper is to analyze the challenges associated with implementing the HCA oversight function, whether this oversight is being performed in the required manner, and whether it is delegated to the appropriate level.
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Petty, Anita S. Pfefferkorn Jessica M. "A comparative analysis of selected heavy equipment functions at the Naval Support Activity Monterey Bay and the city of Monterey, California /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1999. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA367255.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1999."September 1999". Thesis advisor(s): William R. Gates, Cary A. Simon, Donald R. Eaton. Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-119). Also Available online.
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Petty, Anita S., and Jessica M. Pfefferkorn. "A comparative analysis of selected heavy equipment functions at the Naval Support Activity Monterey Bay and the city of Monterey, California." Thesis, Monterey, California, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/13717.
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To meet continuing budget and personnel limitations and to fund weapons modernization, DoD is increasing its emphasis on outsourcing support activities to reduce costs and increase efficiencies. Recent studies suggest that aggressive outsourcing of support activities by the DoD could produce billions of dollars in savings. This thesis examines the applicability of outsourcing and partnering initiatives at the Naval Support Activity, Monterey Bay (NSAMB), and the City of Monterey, California to reduce selected heavy equipment management costs. To address this issue, a review of business practices and industry publications associated with vehicle fleet management, relevant financial and maintenance data from both entities, and semi-structured interviews with a total of 15 individuals from both organizations, were conducted. The findings indicate that NSAMB and the City of Monterey could benefit from a partnering arrangement for selected heavy equipment functions. However, organizational climate issues (i.e., employee trust) must also be considered when making the decision to outsource or partner. This study indicates that outsourcing and partnering initiatives may increase employee stress and distrust which must be managed concomitantly with cost reductions.
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Beattie, Jonathan C. "Determination of the indirect support costs for the Morale, Welfare, and Recreation Department at the Naval Postgraduate School in preparation for an Activity-Based Cost Analysis." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA380824.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2000.Thesis advisors: Fremgen, James M. ; Liao, Shu S. "June 2000." Includes bibliographical references (p. 99). Also Available online.
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Casaus, Kevin Ricardo 1969. "Use of GIS for natural and cultural resource management: A computerized rule-based activity planning system on San Nicolas Island, Point Mugu Naval Air Weapons Station." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278674.
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Managing natural and cultural resources on a department of Defense (DoD) facility presents a difficult challenge. Many DoD facilities contain sensitive resources that are protected by a myriad of state and federal laws. Resource protection is complicated further since, while an important endeavor, it often is subjugated to the fulfillment of the military mission. The ability for resource managers to compare, analyze, and integrate complex resource data determines the speed and efficiency in which planning decisions are made. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can help resource managers make informed accurate resource management decisions in an expedient manner. This project expanded a GIS database for San Nicolas Island (SNI), part of the Point Mugu Naval Air Weapons Station CA, and created prototype computer application to assist in resource management. This application, the Point Mugu Computerized Activity Planning System (PM-CAPS), assists managers in selecting locations on SNI for military activities to occur while minimizing the negative impacts on sensitive cultural and natural resources.
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Davies, A. M. "Experimental studies on nasal electromyographic activity." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376425.
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Sobrón, Iruretagoyena Marcelino Manuel. "El transporte marítimo en el ámbito del desarrollo comercial santanderino: 1700-1800." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Cantabria, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/22720.
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Se ha abordado el análisis e investigación en los protocolos notariales de datos sobre movimientos portuarios acaecidos en Santander durante el siglo XVIII. Se analizaron las múltiples interdependencias originadas como nacionalidades, intervinientes, tipología de embarcaciones, cargas transportadas y rutas adscritas
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Dhamankar, Varsha Sudhir. "Cytochrome P450-mediated drug metabolizing activity in the nasal mucosa." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1585.
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Pre-systemic elimination by local enzymatic degradation can play a key role in limiting the bioavailability of intranasally administered drugs. Despite remarkable advancement in the characterization of the nasal biotransformative enzymes, knowledge of the role of the nasal mucosa in limiting bioavailability of therapeutic agents is still inadequate. The aim of this work was to evaluate the expression and substrate biotransformation activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes in the nasal mucosa using bovine olfactory and respiratory explants as in vitro models.
Gene expression and localization of major CYP450 isoforms in the nasal mucosa were examined using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The bovine nasal mucosa showed abundant expression of CYP2A6 and 3A4 genes whereas 1A1, 1A2, 2C9, and 2C19 isoforms were expressed at much lower levels. The CYP450 proteins were observed to be present in the epithelial layer and in submucosal glandular cells.
The diffusion of melatonin, a CYP1A2 substrate, and the appearance of 6-hydroxymelatonin, its primary metabolite, across bovine olfactory and respiratory explants was measured, and nasal olfactory and respiratory microsomal preparations were used to quantify the kinetic parameters for melatonin 6-hydroxylation. Results indicated that bovine olfactory and respiratory CYP450 isoforms were metabolically active towards melatonin metabolism, and the respiratory mucosa demonstrated the greatest melatonin 6-hydroxylation activity.
Numerical simulations were used to probe the effects of the relative magnitudes of the permeability coefficient and enzymatic parameters on net substrate mass transfer across nasal mucosal tissues. The simulations indicated that the concentration gradient of the drug coupled with its permeability coefficient were the most significant factors controlling the transport of drugs across the mucosal tissue. Enzymatic degradation decreased the flux of drugs across the mucosa and had the greatest impact on low permeability compounds.
The results from these studies show that the bovine nasal mucosa possesses significant metabolic activity, and the flux of a metabolically labile substrate across the nasal mucosa can be significantly reduced by its enzymatic degradation within the tissue. Use of kinetic modeling to characterize of the extent of biotransformation in the nasal mucosa enables the identification of metabolism-limited bioavailability of intranasally administered drug compounds.
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Edge, Shaun Joseph. "The growing role of Special Forces in modern warfare with specific reference to the United States of America." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27310.
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The objective of this study is to assess the growing role of Special Forces in modern warfare, with specific reference to the United States of America. The main question that the study seeks to address is what are the implications of the growing role of Special Forces in modern warfare? The study also seeks to ascertain why exactly this growth is occurring and whether or not this will have a bearing on the future of not only the manner in which the US conducts conflict but also global conflict as a whole. In order to address these issues the study will look at conventional and unconventional warfare and forces; the roles and missions of Special Forces and the composition of US Special Forces; the role of US Special Forces in modern warfare prior to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks; and the role of the US Special Forces in the 2001 invasion of Afghanistan. An analysis of conventional and unconventional warfare as concepts, as well as the forces that constitute conventional and unconventional forces was first done in order to provide some perspective into what these concepts and forces are and more specifically, what differentiates them. Specific reference was made here to the United States’ approach to warfare from the days of the American Revolution up to and including the end of the Cold War. Emphasis is placed on the growing role of US Special Forces throughout the study and this is achieved through the use of four major case studies, namely the 1991 Gulf War; Somalia (1992-1993); the Balkans (1995-2001); and the 2001 ‘Special Forces war’ in Afghanistan. The case studies that dealt with the 1991 Gulf War, Somalia and the Balkans elucidated the growing role of both unconventional warfare and specifically US Special Forces and Special Mission Units since the end of the Cold War. The case study of the 2001 invasion of Afghanistan provided the culmination of the shift from conventional to unconventional warfare and the execution of the campaign as a ‘Special Forces war.’ The study demonstrates that since the end of the Cold War in the 1990’s, unconventional warfare has increasingly become more ubiquitous and can be said to be replacing, or at least equalling in stature, conventional warfare. This has the possibility of dramatically affecting how warfare is executed both currently and more importantly, in the future. The study went on to show that unconventional warfare is not akin to conventional warfare, especially with regard to the forces needed to respond to such conflicts and that Special Forces are the forces most applicable and most effective in dealing with unconventional warfare. The study confirms that Special Forces are the solution to the growing prominence of unconventional warfare and that countries, and specifically the United States can more effectively counter the threat of unconventional warfare and unconventional forces by shifting Special Forces from a supporting component to conventional forces to a supported component. This would require a massive shift in alignment both for the United States as well as other major states’ militaries but as the study has shown, this is pertinent given that unconventional warfare and forces will most likely remain the primary threat that states and militaries will now faceDissertation (MSS)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Political Sciences
unrestricted
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Heimonen, Tiina. "Cerebral dominance and autonomic activity in relation to nasal breathing patterns." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ64722.pdf.
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Douse, Mark Alan. "Baroreceptor and chemoreceptor activity during nasal stimulation in the muskrat (Ondatra zibethica)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/24631.
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Diving muskrats (Ondatra zibethica) invoke a series of cardiovascular and respiratory adjustments in response to stimulation of the nares with water. This dive response is characterized by apnoea, a decrease in cardiac output and an increase in peripheral resistance. The result is that blood flow is maintained to those organs most susceptible to oxygen deprivation, the heart and the brain.
The initiation of the dive response in mammals is primarily the result of nasal stimulation with water. In addition, the baroreceptors acting via the baroreflex have been suggested to be involved in either the initiation or the maintenance of this response. The chemoreceptors, acting via the chemoreflex, have also been implicated in the maintenance of the dive response, although the importance of this contribution is controversial.
The purpose of this thesis was to examine the role of the baroreceptors and chemoreceptors in the diving response of the muskrat. Changes in input from these receptors recorded from the cut carotid sinus nerve and their modulation by the carotid sinus efferent activity during nasal stimulation may have important implications for the role of the baroreceptors and chemoreceptors in the diving response. In the initial part of the dive, baroreceptor activity decreased, while chemoreceptor activity did not change. Subsequently, baroreceptor and chemoreceptor activity increased, exceeding pre-dive levels. This increase was not due to a change in receptor threshold or sensitivity induced by the nasal stimulation, but was a reflection of the increase in the usual stimulus modality of both receptor groups.
The efferent activity recorded from the central end of the cut carotid sinus nerve was of two types, both of which responded to nasal stimulation. This change in the efferent discharge has the potential to modify afferent activity. Nasal stimulation caused one type of efferent activity (type A) to stop. The second type of efferent activity (type B) responded with an initial increase in discharge, returning to pre-dive levels after 6.6 seconds. Based-on the similar characteristics of these efferents to those of previous work it is postulated that the actions of the efferents would be to inhibit the baroreceptors and chemoreceptors during the initiation of the nasal stimulation, but to be less effective as the dive progressed.
It is concluded that there is no contribution from the baroreceptors to the initiation of the diving bradycardia, although the lack of baroreceptor activity may contribute to the increase in peripheral resistance. Later in the dive, both heart rate and arterial blood pressure increase, despite a concomitant elevation in baroreceptor activity. The baroreceptors therefore have no role in the maintenance of the diving response. The initial inhibition of the chemoreceptors may be important to permit the full expression of the dive response, including a decrease in central respiratory output. Later in the dive the chemoreceptors may contribute to the maintenance and termination of the diving response.Science, Faculty of
Zoology, Department of
Graduate
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Barreto, Michael. "Antimicrobial activity of macroalgae from Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa, and the isolation of a bioactive compound from Osmundaria serrata (Rhodophyta)." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09052005-095635/.
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Mukhodobwane, Mukondeleli Talelani. "Attitudes towards healthy eating, a healthy lifestyle, and physical activity of healthcare professionals: A descriptive cross-sectional study in a public hospital in KwaZulu-Natal." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8055.
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Magister Scientiae (Nutrition Management) - MSc(NM)In South Africa, healthcare professionals (HCPs) are at an increased risk of developing non-communicable diseases due to their unhealthy lifestyle behaviours, which mainly consist of excessive alcohol drinking and smoking, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diets. Attitudes towards healthy eating, a healthy lifestyle, and physical activity (PA) of individuals contribute towards individuals engaging in these health behaviours.
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Silva, Raquel Souza da. "Twitter e ciberativismo: o movimento social da hashtag #ForaMicarla em Natal-RN." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/12273.
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Previous issue date: 2012-04-27Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
The spatial and temporal fluidity conditioned by the technologies of social interaction online have been allowing that collective actions of protest and activism arise every day in cyberspace - the cyber-activism. If before these actions were located in geographical boundaries, today's demands and mobilizations extrapolate the location, connect to the global, and at the same time, return to the regional through digital virtuality. Within this context of the relationship between digital technology and global flow of sociability, emerges in October 2010 the social movement of the hashtag "#ForaMicarla", which means the dissatisfaction of cibernauts from Natal of Twitter with the current management of the municipality of Natal-RN, Micarla de Sousa (Green Party). We can find in the center of this movement and others who appeared in the world at the same time a technological condition of Twitter, with the hashtag "#". Given this scenario, this research seeks to analyze how the relationship of the agents of movement hashtag "ForaMicarla", based on the principle that it was formed in the Twitter network and is maintained on the platform on a daily basis, it can create a new kind of political culture. Thus, this study discusses theoretically the importance of Twitter and movements that emerge on the platform and through it to understand the social and political demands of the contemporary world and this public sphere, which now seems to include cyberspace
A fluidez espacial e temporal condicionada pelas tecnologias online de intera??o social vem possibilitando que a??es coletivas de protesto e ativismo surjam a cada dia no ciberespa?o o ciberativismo. Se antes essas a??es estavam localizadas em fronteiras geogr?ficas, hoje as reivindica??es e mobiliza??es extrapolam o local, conectam-se ao global e, ao mesmo tempo, retornam ao regional por meio da virtualidade digital. Dentro desse contexto da rela??o entre tecnologia digital e fluxo de sociabilidade global, surge em outubro de 2010 o movimento social da hashtag #ForaMicarla , que significa a insatisfa??o dos cibernautas natalenses do Twitter com a atual gest?o da prefeitura da cidade de Natal RN, Micarla de Sousa (Partido Verde). Podemos encontrar no centro desse movimento e de outros que surgiram no mundo na mesma ?poca uma condi??o tecnol?gica do Twitter, a hashtag # ? o s?mbolo # seguido de uma palavra ou frase. ? usada pelos cibernautas como forma de marcar assuntos na plataforma. Partindo desse cen?rio, esta pesquisa busca analisar como a rela??o dos agentes do movimento da hashtag #ForaMicarla , tendo como princ?pio que ele foi formado em rede no Twitter e ? mantido na plataforma de forma cotidiana, pode criar um novo tipo de cultura pol?tica. Assim, esta pesquisa problematiza teoricamente a import?ncia do Twitter e dos movimentos que emergem na plataforma e atrav?s dela para compreender as reivindica??es sociais e pol?ticas do mundo contempor?neo e dessa esfera p?blica, que agora parece incluir o ciberespa?o
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Barkaoui, Abdelhamid. "Recherches sur les activités militaires des Carthaginois sur mer depuis les origines jusqu'en 146 avant J. C." Paris 4, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040216.
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Le peuple carthaginois a su hériter et mettre en place un réseau portuaire en Méditerranée occidentale capable de répondre aux besoins de ses bâtiments de guerre dans leurs sorties de leur port d'attache, Carthage. Tout en étant à jour des différentes techniques de construction navale, l'arsenal de Carthage est allé jusqu'à marquer de ses empreintes les chantiers méditerranéens en mettant à flot la tétrère. Si l'emprise navale sur Carthage a été assez nette jusqu'à la première guerre punique et surtout avec le régime oligarchique et le Conseil des Cents, cet engouement semble marquer le pas avec les BarcidesThe Carthaginian people knew how to inherit and to set up a network of harbour installations in Occidental Mediterranean able to meet the needs of its warships when leaving their home port, Carthage. .
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Greeff, Jani. "Effects of iron and omega–3 fatty acid supplementation on physical activity of iron deficient primary school children residing in KwaZulu–Natal / Greeff J." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7325.
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Background: Iron deficiency (ID) is the most prevalent nutritional deficiency in the world. In children, both inadequate iron and fatty acid (FA) status have been found to have an effect on cognitive and behavioural function, including physical activity behaviour and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)–related behaviour.
Aim: To investigate the effects of supplementation with iron and omega–3 fatty acids (n–3 FAs), alone and in combination, on spontaneous motor activity and ADHD–related behaviour in iron deficient primary school children in KwaZulu–Natal. An additional aim was to evaluate the use of the Actical accelerometer as a tool to assess physical activity behaviour.
Methods: The study design was a 2x2 factorial, randomized, double–blind and placebo–controlled trial. Iron deficient school children aged six to ten years with or without mild anaemia were included in the study (n = 321). Subjects were randomly assigned to receive one of the following supplement combinations: (1) 420mg docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/80 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + 50mg of iron as ferrous sulphate (Fe); (2) 420mg DHA/80mg EPA + placebo; (3) 50mg of Fe + placebo; (4) placebo + placebo. Supplements were provided four times a week for a duration of 8.5 months (excluding school holidays). Physical activity of a subgroup of subjects (n=98) was recorded on four random school days at baseline, midpoint and endpoint (12 days in total) during three different time periods namely class time 1 (08h00-10h30), break time (10h30–11h00) and class time 2 (11h00–12h00). Classroom behaviour of study subjects was assessed by teachers at baseline and endpoint using the Conners’ Teacher Rating Scale–Revised: Short Forms (CTRS). Iron status indicators and red blood cell (RBC) FA composition were measured at baseline and endpoint. Treatment effects were assessed for activity and CTRS scores. Furthermore, the relationship between activity, CTRS scores and iron/FA status indicators was determined using bivariate correlation and multivariate linear regression analysis.
Results: Overall activity of all subjects varied over time from baseline and midpoint to endpoint. A significant cycle x age interaction (P = 0.005) as well as a significant cycle x time period x gender interaction (P = 0.036) was observed on overall activity. There were no significant interactions of cycle or time period with treatment. However, there was a significant main effect of DHA/EPA supplementation for lower class time 1 activity at endpoint (P = 0.014). Biological markers indicating better or poorer iron status were positively and negatively associated with activity at break time, respectively. Subjects in the group receiving both iron and DHA/EPA supplements showed a significant improvement from baseline to endpoint on the cognitive problems/inattention subscale (P = 0.005) of the CTRS. Hyperactivity scores increased
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significantly from baseline to endpoint in all groups (P = 0.006). DHA (r = –.203; P = 0.040) and EPA (r = –.199; P = 0.044) content of RBC were negatively associated with activity at class time 1. No significant associations were observed between activity and CTRS scores at baseline. At endpoint, class time 1 activity was positively associated with all CTRS subscale scores except for the cognitive problems subscale, which only bordered significance (correlation, P = 0.051; regression, P = 0.073).
Conclusions: These findings suggest that n–3 FA supplementation may have an influence on ADHD–related behaviour during class time. During school break time when subjects were allowed to move around freely, iron status was positively associated with spontaneous motor activity. Furthermore, the accelerometer might be a useful complimentary tool for assessing both classroom and break time activity behaviour in school children.Thesis (M.Sc. (Nutrition))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.
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Bentz, Gustav. "Fighting Springboks : C Company, Royal Natal carbineers : from Premier Mine to Po Valley, 1939 - 1945." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85636.
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Thesis (MMil)-- Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Germany’s declaration of war on Poland on 1 September 1939 and the consequent war in Europe not only found the Union of South Africa politically divided but militarily unprepared to fight a modern war let alone make any worthwhile contribution toward its European allies’ war effort. The task of getting South Africa into the fight fell to newly appointed Prime Minister J.C. Smuts who cleverly outmanoeuvred J.B.M. Hertzog as leader of the nation. Not only was the Union Defence Force (UDF) severely ravaged by several budget cuts during and after the depression but it seemed to have no inclination of embracing the kind of mechanisation that was the hallmark of most European armies. Within the space of a year Smuts managed to transform the UDF and on 17 July 1940 the 1st South African Infantry Brigade set sail for East Africa where Mussolini’s Italians reigned supreme after brushing aside a couple of British border guards and laying claim to a few miles of British territory. One of the units dispatched by Smuts was the 1st Royal Natal Carbineers from Pietermaritzburg in Natal. Throughout the campaign the Regiment’s C Company fought with distinction but had the dubious honour of being the South African unit that suffered the most casualties during the whole campaign. Several of C Company’s men then become the vehicles through which the remainder of the war is experienced as the men were moved from one theatre of battle to another. Through their eyes the hunting trips into the East African bush and the death of their Commanding Officer, among other things, are relived. The victorious Springboks are then sent to Egypt where they were needed in an effort to break the deadlock that existed between the British 8th Army and the German Afrika Korps. Amidst the ebb and flow of the battle the men of C Company still found time to experience the sights and sounds of Africa’s most populous cities, Cairo and Alexandria. Here many young soldiers were exposed to pleasures and pastimes not to be had back in the Union. In spite of the eventual defeat of the German forces North Africa C Company witnessed the destruction of the 5th South African Brigade at Sidi Rezegh and suffered the loss of a combined platoon when Tobruk capitulated on 21 June 1942. After a brief period on home leave in 1943 C Company was back in action, this time in Italy as part of the 6th South African Armoured Division. Here they faced mountains, heavy snow and an enemy desperately fighting for every hill, stream and building. In the months which followed C Company were often in the midst of the action and many men lost close friends on the slopes of the Italian mountains. As final victory became apparent during the first months of 1945, C Company’s men began preparing for their post-war lives and when the first planes and ships left for the union at the end of April 1945 the men felt that they have served their country well and did their regiment proud.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ten tyde van Duitsland se oorlogsverklaring Pole op 1 September 1939 wat die weg gebaan het het vir die gevolglike oorlog in Europa was die Unie van Suid-Afrika nie net polities verdeel nie maar ook militêr onvoorbereid op 'n moderne oorlog. Die kans dat Suid Afrika n beduidende bydrae tot sy Europese bondgenote se oorlogspoging sou kon maak was ook skraal. Die taak om Suid-Afrika voor te berei vir die komende stryd het op die skouers van die nuutaangestelde premier J.C. Smuts gerus wat deur middel van politieke manuvrering vir J.B.M. Hertzog uitoorlê het as leier van die volk. Nie net was die Unie Verdedigings Mag (UVM) erg uitgemergel deur verskeie besnoeings in sy begroting tydens en ná die depressie nie, maar daar was klaarblyklik geen begrip vir die proses van meganisasie gehad waarmee die meeste Europese weermagte doenig was nie. Binne die bestek van 'n jaar het Smuts daarin geslaag om die UVM te transformeer en op 17 Julie 1940 seil die 1ste Suid-Afrikaanse Infanterie Brigade Oos-Afrika toe waar Mussolini se magte die kruin van die golf ry nadat hulle ‘n paar Britse grensposte eenkant toe gevee het en 'n paar myl Britse grondgebied beset het. Die 1st Royal Natal Carbineers van Pietermaritzburg was een van die eenhede wat in Oos Afrika teen die Italianers sou veg. Tydens die veldtog veg die Regiment met onderskeiding, maar verwerf ook die twyfelagtige eer om die Suid-Afrikaanse eenheid te wees wat die meeste ongevalle gely het gedurende die hele veldtog. Verskeie van C Kompanie se manne word gebruik as ‘n lens waardeur die res van die oorlog ervaar word soos die troepe van een front na die ander verskuif word. Deur middel van hul wedervaringe word, onder andere, die jagtogte in die Oos-Afrikaanse bos en die dood van hul bevelvoerder herleef. Na Oos-Afrika word die seëvierende Springbokke na Egipte gestuur waar hulle benodig word om die Britse 8ste Leër by te staan in in die stryd teen die Duitse Afrika Korps. Te midde van die stryd kom die manne van C Kompanie nog tyd vind om Afrika se mees digbevolkte stede, Kaïro en Alexandrië te besoek waar baie jong soldate blootgestel is aan genot en tydverdryf wat nie beskikbaar was in die Unie nie. Ten spyte van die uiteindelike nederlaag van die Duitse magte in Noord-Afrika was C Kompanie teenwoordig tydens die vernietiging van die 5de Suid-Afrikaanse Brigade by Sidi Rezegh en ervaar ook die verlies van 'n gekombineerde peloton toe Tobruk oorgegee op 21 Junie 1942. Na 'n kort tydperk in Suid Afrika is C Kompanie terug in aksie, hierdie keer in Italië as deel van die 6de Suid-Afrikaanse Pantserdivisie. Hier word hulle gekonfronteer deur berge, swaar sneeu en 'n vyand wat desperaat veg vir elke heuwel, stroom en bouval. In die daaropvolgende maande bevind C Kompanie hom dikwels te midde van die aksie sterf vele goeie vriende teen die hange van die Italiaanse bergreekse. Namate dit duidelik begin raak dat die Duitsers die oorlog gaan verloor begin C Kompanie se manne hulself voorberei vir hul na-oorlogse lewens. Met die vertrek van die eerste vliegtuie en skepe na die Unie teen die einde van April 1945 was die manne van Natal oortuig daarvan dat hulle hul land na die beste van hulle vermoë gedien het en dat hulle die goeie naam van hulle regiment gestand gedoen het.
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Zungu, Patricia Thandiwe. "An examination of the extent of participation by non-governmental organisations (NGO's) in the legislative process of the KwaZulu-Natal legislature." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26071.
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This study entails an examination of the extent of participation by non-governmental organisations (NGO’s) in the legislative process of the KwaZulu-Natal Legislature (KZN legislature). It aims to explore how far these NGO’s have taken advantage of the new South African policy based on transparency, openness and accountability. It is hypothesized that organised groups such as these have been very involved in government decision-making processes, since the start of the new democratic South Africa in 1994. This study, however, proves that there is minimal public participation and especially NGO participation in the KZN Legislature in particular and in government in general. It further uncovers various problems experienced by these NGO’s in trying to participate in the legislative process. The legislature’s inaccessibility was seen as one of the major inhibiting factors. Apathy and lack of interest in the legislative process were also identified as a problem amongst these NGO’s. This study has raised many issues that both the NGO sector and the KZN Legislature itself have to address in order that our newly founded democracy can be truly nurtured. This study is divided into two parts. The first part explores literature on democracy, that enables the policy making process and civil society to help give a clear indication on what various authors think should be the input of civil society in the policy making process of any democratic country. The second part looks at the South African situation and the findings of this study.Dissertation (MA (Political Policy Studies))--University of Pretoria, 2007.
Political Sciences
unrestricted
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Avellar, Ella Triumpho. "O método \"Laboratório de Mudança\" como intervenção formativa em uma escola do ensino fundamental: uma nava perspectiva em saúde do trabalhador." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6134/tde-10072017-151939/.
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O método Laboratório de Mudança (LM) é um conjunto de instrumentos para a aprendizagem colaborativa por meio da experimentação em ambientes de trabalho a partir da necessidade de mudar uma determinada situação. Com o objetivo de elaborar um diagnóstico e implementar mudanças na organização do trabalho de uma escola pública do ensino fundamental, professores, a equipe de gestão, técnicos de segurança do trabalho do Serviço Especializado em Engenharia de Segurança e em Medicina do Trabalho (SESMT), representante do departamento de recursos humanos e pesquisadores participaram das 30 sessões realizadas na escola, no horário de trabalho, de agosto de 2015 a setembro de 2016. Também foram conduzidas entrevistas individuais e reuniões com a equipe de gestão da instituição de educação e com outros profissionais do SESMT. Durante as sessões os participantes reformularam a necessidade inicial (absenteísmo- doença) e o que predominou foi a necessidade de falar sobre os desgastes de ser professor e das dificuldades em conciliar o trabalho com a vida pessoal e em família. Algumas das causas do absenteísmo-doença de curta duração estavam relacionadas às necessidades dos indivíduos de cuidarem de sua vida pessoal e familiar, de forma planejada ou emergencial; os participantes deram exemplos de expressões do desgaste: fadiga, cansaço físico e mental, acordar com vontade de dormir, problemas na voz, falta de tempo e disposição para atividades sociais e de lazer e ausências do trabalho. O método permitiu aos integrantes do SESMT, durante as sessões, um novo conhecimento detalhado de aspectos do trabalho e da saúde dos professores. Mais próximos da realidade de trabalho nas escolas, os profissionais do SESMT experimentaram novas formas de atuação para a melhoria da organização e ambiente de trabalho e consequentemente da saúde dos professores. Apesar das diversas limitações ocorridas na implementação do método LM houve manifestações do protagonismo e do empoderamento dos professores tais como a discussão de um novo modelo de sistema da atividade bem como propostas para melhorar a relação deles com os familiares dos alunos e com a equipe de gestão da escola. É possível que o encerramento precoce da intervenção formativa esteja relacionado à saída do gestor principal da instituição e com as dificuldades da equipe de gestão da escola em assumir os riscos de um processo de mudança desta magnitudeThe Change Laboratory (CL) method is a set of tools for collaborative learning through experimentation at the workplace on carrying out changes in organizational practices. This CL was conducted in a public elementary school; the teachers, the school management team, technicians of the safety and occupational health service and representatives of the human resources department participated in the 30 sessions which took place once a week from august 2015 to september 2016. Individual interviews and meetings were also conducted with the management team of the institution and with other professionals of the safety and occupational health service. The initial demand by the management team of the Educational Institution as the main concern was the sickness absence of the teachers. Throughout the school sessions, there was an adaptation of the demand and the central issue became the exhaustion of the teacher amongst other factors related to it. As examples of the exhaustion of the teachers, the researchers identified: physical and mental fatigue, \"waking up feeling tired\", voice issues, lack of time and willingness to join in in social and leisure activities, missing work. Some of the causes of short term sickness absence were related to the needs to take care of the personal and family life of the teachers. The method allowed the of the safety service technicians, during the sessions, a new detailed knowledge of aspects of the teacherss work and health aspects. Closer to the reality of working in schools, SESMT professionals experimented new ways of working to improve the organization and workplace and consequently the teacherss health. In spite of the several limitations that occurred in the implementation of the method, Teachers co-created the common object associated with their daily activities in a comprehensive and collective way; there was manifestations of the protagonism and the empowerment of teachers such as the discussion of proposals to improve their relationship with the students\' families and with the management team from school. It is possible that the early termination of the intervention is related to the exit of the main manager of the institution and the difficulties of the school management team in assuming the risks of the change process
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Nascimento, Simony Lira 1984. "A prática de atividade física na gestação e puerpério e suas repercussões perinatais = Physical activity during pregnancy and postpartum period and the effects on perinatal outcomes." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/312633.
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Orientador: Fernanda Garanhani de Castro SuritaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T00:26:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nascimento_SimonyLira_D.pdf: 5020753 bytes, checksum: e0103390a81ccf2ae0bebf7c84135351 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Resumo: Introdução: Tanto o nível de atividade física quanto a prática regular de exercícios físicos durante a gestação são fatores que podem influenciar na evolução da gestação e nos desfechos materno-fetais. Desde a década de 1980, a prática regular de exercício físico durante a gestação e no período pós-parto vem sendo cada vez mais estudada e estimulada por se associar a benefícios para saúde física e psicológica da gestante e por não influenciar adversamente nos desfechos neonatais. Um melhor entendimento dos níveis habituais de atividade física entre gestante e puérperas, os fatores e repercussões relacionados à sua prática ajudariam num melhor delineamento de políticas públicas voltadas para o seu incentivo. Objetivo: Avaliar a prática de atividade física, suas características, fatores relacionados e as repercussões durante a gestação e após o parto. Métodos: Para esta tese de doutorado, foram realizadas diferentes abordagens sobre a prática de atividade física na gestação e puerpério. Primeiramente, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura, com ensaios clínicos randomizados, publicados entre julho de 2010 e julho de 2012, sobre a prática de exercício na gestação e seus efeitos na saúde materno-fetal, bem como as recomendações existentes a respeito dessa prática. O segundo estudo refere-se a uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise de ensaios clínicos randomizados publicados até Outubro de 2012, que avaliaram a efetividade do exercício físico, combinado ou não com dieta, na perda de peso de mulheres após o parto. Os dois estudos originais apresentados em seguida compartilham a mesma metodologia de estudo do tipo corte transversal, no entanto foram realizados em duas populações distintas. O primeiro na cidade de Campinas ¿ SP, Brasil, onde foi realizado um estudo de base populacional que incluiu 1.279 mulheres em três maternidades, e o segundo na cidade de Kingston ¿ ON, Canadá, onde foram incluídas de 197 mulheres. Os critérios de inclusão para ambos foram: mulheres no puerpério imediato, internadas em maternidades selecionadas, recém-nascido vivo, e gestação única. As participantes foram entrevistadas e responderam às questões sobre dados sociodemográficos, sobre prática de exercícios e atividades físicas cotidianas no período gestacional. Dados da gestação, do parto e do recém-nascido foram extraídos dos prontuários e do cartão de pré-natal. Considerou-se significativo um p-valor <0,05. Resultados: 1) A maioria dos ensaios clínicos recentes confirma a efetividade do exercício como fator de proteção em diversos desfechos maternos e perinatais, como ganho de peso, diabetes gestacional, idade gestacional ao nascimento, peso do recém-nascido, dor lombar, incontinência urinária, depressão pós-parto e qualidade de vida; suportando as atuais recomendações para a prática de exercícios em intensidade moderada por cinco vezes na semana em sessões de 30 minutos ou mais por gestantes que não apresentem contraindicações. 2) Ensaios clínicos randomizados cuja intervenção no estilo de vida incluiu programas de exercício, combinados ou não com dieta, mostraram um efeito significativo na perda de peso por mulheres no pós-parto. Sendo mais efetivos programas que utilizaram frequencímetro cardíaco ou pedômetro, aqueles que combinados à intervenção dietética intensiva. 3) Dados do estudo de corte-transversal mostraram que em Campinas ¿ SP, a prevalência de exercício físico na gestação foi de 20,1%, sendo que metade das mulheres interrompeu sua prática devido à gestação. No início (13,6%) e no final gestação (13,4%) as mulheres tenderam a diminuir ainda mais a prática de exercícios, sendo a maior prevalência observada no segundo trimestre gestacional (17,8%). Menos da metade recebeu algum tipo de orientação sobre exercício físico do médico durante as consultas de pré-natal (47,5%). A caminhada foi o exercício mais frequente, seguido por hidroginástica. Os fatores associados à prática do exercício na gestação foram: maior escolaridade, primiparidade, prática de exercício antes da gestação, e orientação sobre exercício no pré-natal. A prática do exercício físico não se relacionou com os resultados maternos e perinatais. 4) Em Kingston ¿ CA, a prevalência de exercício entre gestantes foi alta em todos os três trimestres da gestação, 75,4%, 69,3% e 60,3%, respectivamente. No entanto observou-se menor prevalecia levando-se em conta o nível recomendado de 150 minutos de exercício por semana, com prevalência máxima de 27,1% no primeiro trimestre, 12,7% no segundo e 7,1% no terceiro. A caminhada foi o tipo mais frequente. O IMC pré-gestacional foi único fator associado à prática de exercício nos três trimestres, quanto maior o IMC menor a chance de praticar exercício. Conclusões: O exercício físico é uma prática associada a benefícios para a saúde da mulher durante a gravidez e significativamente associada a maior perda de peso no pós-parto. No entanto a gestação é uma condição que leva as mulheres a diminuírem o nível de atividade física, e poucas alcançam o nível recomendado de exercício na gestação. A prática de exercícios físicos durante a gestação deve ser mais conhecida e estimulada pelos profissionais da saúde, principalmente para mulheres previamente sedentárias e as com sobrepeso ou obesidade
Abstract: Introduction: The level of physical activity and regular physical exercise during pregnancy are both factors that may be beneficial for maternal and fetal outcomes. Since the 1980s, regular exercise practice during pregnancy and the postpartum period has been increasingly studied and stimulated based on their benefits for physical and psychological mother health and because exercise has not found associated with adverse neonatal outcome. Understanding activity patterns during pregnancy and postpartum and their correlates have significant public health implications. Objective: To evaluate physical activity and to explore to explore associated factors and effects with participation in physical activities during pregnancy and postpartum period. Methods: In this doctoral thesis we have explored a diverse methodological approach about physical activity during pregnancy and postpartum. Firstly, a systematic review of randomized clinical trials, published from July 2010 to July 2012 on the effects of physical exercise during pregnancy on maternal and fetal outcomes and its current recommendations was performed. The second study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials published up to 31 October 2012, that examined the effects of exercise interventions, with or without complementary dietary intervention, on weight loss during the postpartum period compared with usual standard of care. The following two presented studies have the same cross-sectional survey methodology. The first one, a population-based study has included 1.279 women in the city of Campinas, Brazil; and the second one and has included 197 women in Kingston, Canada. The inclusion criteria for both studies were: postpartum women, alive newborn and a singleton pregnancy. Each participant was asked to complete a questionnaire in about socio-demographic characteristics, obstetrical history and physical activity patterns throughout pregnancy. Data regarding pregnancy, labour, delivery, and newborn outcomes were retrieved from medical records. Statistical significance is defined as a two sided P value ? 0.05 Results: 1) the most part of the included trials support the effectiveness of physical exercise intervention on maternal and perinatal outcomes, such as gestational weight gain, gestational diabetes, gestational age at birth, newborn weight, low back pain, urinary incontinence, postpartum depression and quality of life. 2) Randomized clinical trial showed that there is benefit from overall lifestyle interventions on weight loss in postpartum women and exercise plus intensive diet and objective targets are the most effective intervention strategies. 3) In Campinas, exercise prevalence during pregnancy was 20.1%, half of the women discontinued their exercise practice due to pregnancy. Pregnant women tend to decrease physical exercises at the beginning (13.6%) and at the end (13.4%) of gestation. The highest prevalence was found at second trimester (17,8%). Less than half received some medical advice about physical exercise during prenatal visits (47.5%). Walking was the most frequent exercise type, followed by water aerobics. Higher educational level, lower parity, been active before pregnancy and medical advice to exercise were associated with physical exercise during pregnancy. Exercise was not associated with maternal and perinatal outcomes. 4) In Kingston, women highly reported to be engaged in exercise during the three trimesters of pregnancy, 75.4%, 69.3% e 60.3%, respectively. However, based on Canadian guidelines of 150 minutes of aerobic exercise per week, the prevalence of active pregnant women decreases, with maximal prevalence of 27.1% in the first trimester, 12.7% in the second, and 7.1% in the third trimester. The most frequent type of exercise was walking. Lower pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index was the unique characteristic associated with been active during the three trimesters of pregnancy Conclusions: Physical exercise is beneficial for women during pregnancy and in the postpartum period lead to greater weight loss. However, there is a decrease on exercise prevalence throughout pregnancy. Thus, prenatal care providers should support women in order to advising them about the target exercise duration recommend in the guidelines, using different strategies, mainly for previous inactive and overweight and obese women who are at risk of sedentary behaviour
Doutorado
Saúde Materna e Perinatal
Doutora em Ciências da Saúde
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Mailleur, Stephanie. "Imagining roman ports : the contribution of iconography to the reconstruction of roman mediterranean portscapes of the impérial period." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE2049.
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Au cours des trois premiers siècles de notre ère, Rome connaît son apogée et la domination romaine continue de s'établir tout autour de la Méditerranée. Le contrôle de la Mare Nostrum et la connexion entre Rome et ses provinces sont assurés grâce aux réseaux de ports. À l’époque impériale, les ports jouent ainsi un rôle crucial puisqu’ils permettent de maintenir un rayonnement économique et commercial tout autour de l’Empire. Plus qu’une simple interface entre la mer et laterre, les ports font l’objet d’une attention particulière et forment un réel paysage urbain, constitué de bâtiments et de monuments organisés autour de l’espace portuaire de façon scénographique et programmée, que l’on peut qualifier de « portscape » (paysage portuaire). Cette notion théorique, que j’ai développée dans cette thèse, est dérivée du concept de «townscape » (paysage de la ville) introduit par P. Zanker dans sa publication sur l’urbanisme de Pompéi publiée en 19981. Elle consiste à analyser l’organisation spatiale des bâtiments et monuments, individuellement et dans l’ensemble de l’espace portuaire, ainsi que leurs fonctions respectives. Cette approche a également pour objectif d’étudier la relation entre la fabrication de cet espace urbain et la société. Cette réflexion holistique est combinée au concept de « maritimecultural landscape » (paysage culturel maritime), introduit par C. Westerdhal en 19922, qui permet d’aborder les aspects culturels de cet espace construit constituant le cadre de vie des sociétés portuaires et de leurs activités.Le développement disciplinaire de l’archéologie sous-marine et l’intérêt croissant pour les réseaux et le commerce maritime ont mené à la multiplication des études portant sur les infrastructures portuaires au cours des dernières décennies. Malgré cela, la réalité des infrastructures portuaires reste assez mal comprise car les vestiges ne sont généralement pas très bien conservés. Il est donc fondamental d’utiliser d’autres types de sources, comme l’iconographie,pour mieux appréhender les « portscapes » romains. Sous l’Empire, les ports apparaissent fréquemment dans les représentations artistiques. Au cours de cette recherche, j’ai rassemblé un corpus de 264 images portuaires sur des supports variés : lampes, monnaies, peintures, mosaïques, sculptures, verres incisés, pierres gravées etc. Sur ces documents figurent des vues générales de paysages maritimes, des éléments architecturaux isolés de ports (tels que des phares) et des activités portuaires suggérant les infrastructures portuaires (comme des scènes de pesée ou bien des scènes de chargement/déchargement de marchandises). Bien que l’essentiel du corpus date de l’époque impériale, l’intégration de documents appartenant aux périodes préromaines et à l’Antiquité tardive permet d’établir des comparaisons diachroniques.Cette recherche constitue la première tentative d’évaluation, à grande échelle, du potentiel documentaire des sources iconographiques pour comprendre l'aspect, la disposition et le design des ports romains. Considérer les images comme sources historiques est un concept assez récent puisque l'art, longtemps considéré comme étant simplement illustratif, n’occupait qu’une place marginale dans les études d’histoire ancienne. Les images peuvent apporter, en effet, unecontribution importante pour l'étude de l'aspect architectural et urbain des principaux ports de Méditerranée car elles montrent ce qui n'existe plus archéologiquement, telles que les élévations de bâtiments portuaires, souvent réduits aujourd’hui à leurs seuls niveaux de fondations. Ainsi, cette thèse de doctorat soulève les questions de recherche suivantes : - Quelle contribution l'iconographie peut-elle apporter à notre compréhension des paysagesportuaires de l’époque impériale ? Quelles sont les caractéristiques du portscape romain selon les sources iconographiques ? Quels sont les éléments réels et quels sont les éléments standardisés ? D’où viennent cesstandards ?Under the Roman Empire, harbours played an important role for the image of the city. They were more than utilitarian constructions. The buildings and monuments were organised within the space of the port in a programmatic way that made up a genuine urban landscape that I have described as a “portscape”. This term, derived from Zanker’s townscape concept, is understood as the urban aspect, layout and design of Roman ports but also as the lived environment with its societies reflected by its cultural characteristics. Despite recent excavations conducted at Roman ports, our knowledge of portscapes under the Roman Empire is very unclear and the reality of port monuments remains poorly understood. Most known ancient Mediterranean ports are not well preserved, and often only preserved archaeologically at the level of their foundations. Whilearchaeologists are able to reconstruct a plan, understanding ports three dimensionally is at best a challenge. What did Roman ports really look like?Due to the lack of ancient sources relating to Roman ports, using iconography could be useful. This research aims to demonstrate that port depictions, quite abundant during the Imperial period and decorating various type of artistic media (coins, ceramics, mosaics, paintings, gemstones etc.), can make an important contribution for learning more about ports as they are the only source of information that allows us to understand volumetrically, the architecture of portsthat no longer survives archaeologically.Through this work, I will see how the pictorial genre of maritime landscape emerged during the Augustan period as well as the process of its diffusion, reception and standardisation in art during the Imperial period. I will also address the issue of the contexts in which port-themed decoration has been found. I will focus on the main characteristics of portscapes by means of a linguistic approach that distinguishes the different messages conveyed by images according to their contexts (domestic, funeral, politics, etc.).By means of three specific case studies, I will demonstrate how it is possible to deal with the iconographic and epigraphic evidence in order to better understand the components of Roman portscapes. Case-study 1 focuses on the weighing control systems (sacomaria). Case-study 2 studies the single monuments that decorated the portscape, such as freestanding column monuments and honorific arches. Case-study 3 aims to better understand cult spaces in portcontexts by using the example of the sanctuaries of Isis.Finally, I will focus on the urban syntax of the portscape through the case-study of the port of Leptis Magna. Enquiry will ascertain the extent to which the urban programme of its portscape corresponded to a standard design in reality and in iconography
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Zanchi, Ana Claudia Tedesco. "Estudo das alterações no desenvolvimento, no comportamento e na bioquímica cerebral de ratos machos adultos expostos à poluição atmosférica ambiental durante a fase intra-uterina e o período de lactação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-21062010-185912/.
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Estudos experimentais feitos em nosso laboratório comprovaram que a inalação de material particulado proveniente da queima de combustíveis fósseis utilizados em siderurgia pelos ratos adultos diminuiu a atividade motora dos animais no campo aberto. Além disso, provamos que os ratos habituaram ao ambiente desse teste, o que significa que a inalação desse tipo de material não provocou variação em termos de aprendizado simples. Uma das causas da alteração no comportamento em relação à motricidade seria o estresse oxidativo causado pelo material particulado no estriado e cerebelo desses animais. Entretanto, em nossa cidade não existem estudos que demonstrem a estreita associação entre inalação de poluentes, estresse oxidativo e alterações comportamentais. Baseados nos nossos trabalhos anteriores e na literatura, nosso objetivo foi investigar se a poluição atmosférica a nível ambiental durante as fases pré e pós-natal alteraria a memória discriminativa de curta-duração e a memória espacial. Além disso, avaliamos o papel do estresse oxidativo como o mecanismo propulsor dessas mudanças de comportamento. Para tal, ratas prenhas foram expostas ao ar filtrado e ao ar não filtrado durante os 21 dias de gestação. Ao final do período de amamentação, os machos foram separados e subdividos em 4 grupos experimentais (n=24): 1) Filtrado: nasceu e viveu em ambiente cujo ar era filtrado, 2) NFF: nasceu em ambiente cujo ar era não filtrado e viveu a partir do 21o dia do pós-natal no ambiente com ar filtrado, 3) FNF: nasceu sob ar filtrado e viveu a partir do 21o dia do pós-natal sob ar não filtrado, 4)NF: nasceu e viveu em ambiente cujo ar era não filtrado. Os animais ficaram expostos a poluição por 150 dias. Os animais foram divididos em 3 lotes: lote 1: n=6 animais por grupo; após anestesia profunda, os animais foram perfundidos com soro fisiológico seguido de paraformaldeído 4%, o encéfalo foi retirado e dissecado em córtex, hipocampo e estriado para análises histológicas por técnicas estereológicas; lote 2: n=12 ratos por grupo; aplicação dos testes comportamentais; um dia após os testes, esses animais foram eutanasiados por decapitação, o encéfalo retirado e dissecado da mesma forma citada anteriormente para análise de estresse oxidativo; lote 3: n=6 animais por grupo; os animais foram decapitados e o sangue troncular coletado para análises de elementos traço tóxicos e essenciais no sangue total. O córtex apresentou lipoperoxidação no grupo NF quando comparado aos outros grupos, assim como uma alta concentração de Cd no sangue. O grupo NFF apresentou uma maior concentração de Cu, Se e Zn no sangue em relação aos demais. Em relação à memória discriminativa de curta-duração, houve uma diminuição no grupo NF em relação aos demais grupos. No hipocampo e estriado, foi observado aumento da lipoperoxidação nos grupos FNF e NF, respectivamente, quando comparado aos outros grupos. Quanto à memória espacial, não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos. Primeiramente, como pudemos observar, o cada estrutura encefálica apresenta uma resposta ao estresse oxidativo. O córtex do grupo NF apresentou aumento de lipoperoxidação. Como se sabe, o Cd é feto tóxico e passa via transplacentária adsorvido ao material particulado inalado pela mãe. No caso do grupo NF, o Cd possivelmente deslocou o Zn do sítio ativo da enzima CuZn superóxido dismutase formando forma inativada da mesma. O Cd, também, forma conjugado com duas moléculas de glutationa reduzida a fim de ser excretado pela bile. Isso reduz a sua capacidade antioxidante. Esse elemento traço desloca o Fe e o Cu dos sítios ativos das suas proteínas de armazenamento, a ferritina e a ceruplasmina, respectivamente. Esses dois elementos ficam livres para catalisar a reação de Fenton cujo produto é o radical hidroxil, extremamente tóxico para o organismo. O grupo NF apresentou uma diminuição na capacidade de discriminar dois objetos diferentes. Provavelmente, o Cd agiu de forma indireta diminuindo a capacidade antioxidante da CuZn superóxido dismutase e da glutationa, além de liberar Fe e Cu e aumentar a produção de radical hidroxil. O aumento da lipoperoxidação causado pelo Cd pode ser o mecanismo responsável pela perda desse tipo de memória. Entretanto, o grupo NFF, cuja exposição à poluição foi na fase pré-natal, não apresentou aumento na lipoperoxidação. Possivelmente, a alta concentração dos elementos traço essenciais, Cu, Zn e Se aumentou a atividade das enzimas CuZn superóxidodismutase e glutationa peroxidase, respectivamente, o que evitou danos oxidativos durante o período intra-uterino. O grupo FNF apresentou aumento de lipoperoxidação no hipocampo, mas não houve diferença na memória espacial testada com o labirinto de Morris modificado. Portanto, considerando todos os achados, concluímos que, possivelmente, o aumento da lipoperoxidação causado indiretamente pelo Cd pode ser um dos mecanismos responsáveis pela perda da capacidade da memória discriminativa de curta-duração. Além disso, os elementos traço essenciais exercem uma proteção via aumento das defesas antioxidantes dos animais que nasceram em ambiente poluído e, após 21 dias de vida, foram transferidos para o ambiente com o ar filtrado, o que demonstra, provavelmente, a existência de mecanismos antioxidantes de adaptação em ambientes inóspitos como forma de proteção contra o agente agressor durante o desenvolvimento do embrião.Experimental studies done at our laboratory demonstrated that the inhalation of residual oil fly ash by the adult rats decreased motor activity of the animals in the open-field test. Additionaly, we showed that rats which inhalated residual oil fly ash preserved its habituation capacity. In this study, oxidative stress in striatum and cerebellum might be the cause of motor activity alterations. However, there were any studies about air pollution and behavioral alterations in Porto Alegre. Based on our previous works and in the literature, our objective was to investigate if the exposure to air pollution during intrauterine and lactation periods would damage the short term discriminative and spatial memories and if the mechanisms would be dependent of oxidants. For such, female pregnant rats were exposed to the filtered air and to the non filtered air during the 21 days of gestation. At the end of the breast-feeding period, the males were separate and divided in 4 experimental groups (n =24): 1) Filtered (F): - pre and post-natal exposure until adulthood in filtered air; 2) non filtered/filtered air (NFF): pre-natal period in non-filtered air until PND21 and post-natal in filtered air until adulthood; 3) filtered air/non-filtered air (FNF): pre-natal period in filtered air until PND 21 and post-natal period in non-filtered air until adulthood; 4) non filtered air (NF): pre and post-natal periods in non-filtered air.The animals were exposed the pollution for 150 days. The animals were divided in 3 lots: lot 1: n=6 animals per group; after anesthesia, the animals were perfused with saline solution following by paraformaldehyde 4%, the brain was removed and dissected in cortex, hippocampus and striatum for histological analyses by stereological techniques; lot 2: n=12 rats per group; submitted to behavioral tests; one day after the tests, those animals were euthanized by decapitation, the brain was removed and dissected in the same way mentioned previously for oxidative stress analysis; lot 3: 6 animals per group; the animals were decapitated and the troncular blood was collected to analyze the toxic and the essential trace elements. The cortex presented lipoperoxidation in NF group when compared to other groups, as well as a high concentration of Cd in the blood. The group NFF presented higher blood concentration of Cu, Se and Zn when compared to other groups. There was a decrease in the discriminative capacity in the group NF when compared to other groups. In the hippocampus and striatum, increases of lipidperoxidation were observed in the groups FNF and NF, respectively, when compared to other groups. Spatial memory of all groups was preserved. We observed the each brain structure reacts in a different way to oxidative stress. The NF cortex group presented an increased of lipidperoxidation. In this group, there was higher Cd blood concentration, which passes through placenta and it is fetotoxic. It might be possible that Cd dislocated Zn of the active site of CuZn superóxido dismutase resulting in inactive forms of this enzyme. The Cd also depletes reduced glutathione. Moreover, Cd may dislocate the Fe and Cu from its storage proteins to react with oxygen peroxide increasing the hydroxyl radical production by Fenton reaction. The group NF presented a decrease in the capacity to discriminate two different objects. Cd may act in an indirect way reducing the antioxidant capacity of CuZn superxidodismutase and of the glutathione and increasing the hydroxyl radical production. Lipoperoxidation in NF cortex caused by the Cd may be one of the mechanisms which explain the loss of discriminative capacity. However, the group NFF, whose air pollution exposure was in the pre-natal period, did not present increase of lipidperoxidation. The higher concentrations of essential trace elements (Cu, Se and Zn) may protect this group against oxidative stress. These elements are cofactor of antioxidants enzymes, superoxidodismutase and glutathione peroxidase and increased its activities during the intra-uterine exposure to air pollution. The group FNF presented lipidperoxidation increase in the hippocampus, but there was no difference in the spatial memory tested with Morris\' maze. Therefore, considering our data, we suggested that the increase of lipidperoxidation caused indirectly by Cd, which was adsorbed in particulate matter surface, may be one of the mechanisms which explain the loss of short-term discriminative memory
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"Naval Support Activity East Bank: Creating an International Disaster, Management, Recovery, and Resilience Center." Tulane University, 2012.
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Hall, Gary M. "Analysis of Naval Surface Forces, Pacific afloat Intermediate Maintenance Activity Repair of other Vessel cost estimation procedures." Thesis, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/21653.
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Pires, Ana Meira. "A orçamentação baseada em atividades:conceção de um modelo adaptado à Escola Naval." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/12599.
Full textAbstract:
Este trabalho, enquadrado por critérios que visam acompanhar a mudança e os desafios de
racionalidade e eficiência que vão emergindo, inscreve-se na área da orçamentação.
Considerando-se que o clássico processo orçamental já não dá respostas adequadas às novas
exigências porque já não se trata apenas de estabelecer limites de despesa e fazer extrapolações
de receitas, analisou-se o modelo da Orçamentação Baseada em Atividades (Activity Based
Budgeting – ABB), mediante o qual se torna possível um controlo mais eficaz e racional dos
meios da organização, uma vez que a formulação do orçamento é feita a partir das atividades e
dos recursos de que estas necessitam para a sua prossecução, estabelecendo-se, assim, uma
estreita ligação entre o planeamento a curto prazo e os objetivos estratégicos.
Na esteira desta análise, foi concebido um modelo de Orçamentação Baseada em Atividades
para a Escola Naval, discriminando-se as várias etapas a seguir nesse processo, desde a
caraterização dos objetos de custeio à identificação dos direcionadores de recursos. Analisadas,
em termos de recursos e de pessoal, as possibilidades de aplicação desse modelo, concluiu-se que
há viabilidade na sua execução.
Paralelamente, procedeu-se à aplicação de um questionário aos responsáveis diretamente
envolvidos no processo orçamental a fim de recolher informações sobre a preparação dos
envolvidos no processo, a sua perceção acerca dos pontos fortes e fracos do sistema de
orçamentação em uso e uma eventual resistência à mudança, tendo-se concluído pela existência
de recetividade a essa mudança e pela necessidade de mais formação na área orçamental. Ao propor uma nova forma de orçamentação que permite navegar no sentido de uma maior
otimização dos recursos disponíveis, este trabalho vai, assim, ao encontro das diretrizes de
racionalidade económica e de uma gestão cada vez mais eficaz e eficiente dos dinheiros públicos.Palavras-chave: ABB; Atividades; Escola Naval; Orçamentação; Orçamentação Baseada em Atividades; Orçamento; Recursos. needed, and that (2) those involved in the process are highly receptivity to training in new methods in this area. Finally, we stress that by presenting a new budgeting process that optimizes available resources, hence, delivers value for money, the present essay meets the guidelines outlined in the 2011 Naval Policy.
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Mendonça, Guilherme Cardoso. "Relatório de estágio em atividade física e desporto, realizado no Clube Naval do Funchal, Ginásio Aquagym." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/1658.
Full textAbstract:
O presente relatório tem como objetivo retratar e refletir sobre o trabalho desenvolvido durante o estágio curricular, do mestrado em Atividade Física e Desporto, da Universidade da Madeira. O estágio decorreu no ginásio AquaGym, situado no Complexo Desportivo da Nazaré. Ao longo deste percurso, foram desenvolvidas várias tarefas e que possibilitaram a aquisição de competências e o desenvolvimento de capacidades na área da prescrição do exercício. As principais tarefas do estágio foram: 1) Trabalho na receção do ginásio; 2) Treinar na sala de Exercício; 3) Observação da dinâmica da sala de exercício e análise dos planos de treino; 4) Intervenção e trabalho na sala de exercício; 5) Observação e experimentação das aulas de grupo. Ao longo deste relatório, procura-se efetuar uma reflexão objetiva e sincera das experiências vivenciadas, evidenciando os aspetos positivos, bem como os aspetos a melhorar, que marcaram esta etapa final da minha formação académica e pessoal. Na parte final deste trabalho consta uma seção dedicada à colaboração, na elaboração das instruções e orientações do circuito bio-saudável da Universidade da Madeira. Essa cooperação deveu-se à natureza deste estágio curricular.The purpose of this written report is to portray the work developed during the curricular internship concerning the master in Physical Activity and Sports of the University of Madeira. The internship took place in the Aquagym gymnasium located in the Sports Center of Nazaré. Throughout the internship, the multiple tasks performed enabled the acquisition of skills and the development of abilities within the study area, giving emphasis to exercise prescription. The main tasks of the curricular internship were: 1) work at the gym reception; 2) Training in the exercise room; 3) Observation of the dynamics in the exercise room and the analysis of the workout plans; 4) Intervention and work in the exercise room; 5) Observation and experimentation of group lessons. Throughout this report, I intend to make an objective and honest reflection of past experiences, highlighting the positive aspects, as well as the areas to improve, which have marked the final stage of my academic and personal education. The final part of this work contains a section dedicated to the cooperation in the preparation of the instructions and guidance of the bio-healthy circuit of the University of Madeira. This cooperation was deeply related to the nature of the curricular internship.
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Щербина, Максим Олександрович. "Реалізація потенціалу морської держави в контексті стратегії державотворення України." Магістерська робота, 2020. https://dspace.znu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/12345/3508.
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Щербина М. О. Реалізація потенціалу морської держави в контексті стратегії державотворення України : кваліфікаційна робота магістра спеціальності 052 "Політологія" / наук. керівник Є. Г. Цокур. Запоріжжя : ЗНУ, 2020. 69 с.UA : В сучасному світі велику небезпеку для державних інтересів кожної з країн світу становить неправильний вектор розвитку геополітичної стратегії держави. Кожен період існування визначає пріоритет захисту власних інтересів з позиції нейтралітету або ж вступу до найбільш стратегічно ефективного військового чи економічного блоків, що не лише буде здатний захистити національні інтереси, а й розвивати державу до нових висот на світовій арені. Україна як держава, на всьому своєму шляху державотворення безліч разів змінювала вектор спрямування розвитку зовнішніх відносин з державами сусідами під умови часу, вибирала того чи іншого захисного союзника, який безліч разів не міг забезпечити національних інтересів України, або ж спроби були настільки невдалими, що можливість встановити правильності вибраного шляху історично була втрачена.
EN : In the modern world, the greatest danger to the state interests of each country is the wrong vector of development of the geopolitical strategy of the state. Each period of existence determines the priority of protecting one's own interests from the standpoint of neutrality or joining the most strategically effective military or economic blocs, which will not only be able to protect national interests but also develop the state to new heights on the world stage.Ukraine as a state, throughout its path of state formation many times changed the direction of foreign relations with neighboring countries under the conditions of time, chose one or another protective ally, which many times could not ensure the national interests of Ukraine, or attempts were so unsuccessful that to establish the correctness of the chosen path has historically been lost.
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Anderson, Leigh Reginald. "Society, economy and criminal activity in colonial Natal, 1860-1893." Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/8687.
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Oliveira, Nelson da Cruz Câmara Marques. "Análise ao atual sistema de custeio utilizado e implementação do método de custeio baseado nas atividades na CABNAVE - Estaleiros Navais de Cabo Verde S.A.R.L." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/16373.
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O contexto global em que Cabo Verde se insere, obriga as suas empresas a procurarem melhores formas para competir com outras localizadas em mercados internacionais. A empresa aqui estudada tem sentido esta realidade desde a sua criação, e apesar das enormes dificuldades financeiras e barreiras ao seu funcionamento, sentidas ao longo de mais de 30 anos, tem dado um forte contributo para o sector marítimo, um sector fundamental para o desenvolvimento económico de Cabo Verde.
As estratégias definidas e as decisões tomadas afectam o desempenho a curto e a médio/longo prazo das entidades, sendo os sistemas de custeio, ferramentas fundamentais na gestão e no controlo das organizações.
Neste projeto foram revistas e analisadas as literaturas e artigos relacionados com a contabilidade de gestão, bem como, métodos de apuramento de custos de produção, onde foi possível constatar que o Custeio Baseado nas Atividades é uma das ferramentas que vem de encontro às expectativas dos responsáveis da empresas em estudo, porque permite um melhor apuramento e análise dos custos e rendimentos em diferentes etapas do processo de execução de um produto ou serviço.
A atual estrutura de custos da empresa, com um grande peso dos custos fixos indiretos, acaba por retirar a flexibilidade necessária para se defender de retrações do mercado, como a que ocorreu em 2016, e fez com que a empresa aqui analisada, a Cabnave - Estaleiros Navais de Cabo Verde -, tivesse resultados negativos.The global context in which Cape Verde is inserted compels local companies to look for better ways to compete with others within in international markets. The company studied here has felt this reality since its inception, and despite the enormous financial difficulties and barriers to its operation, which were felt throughout over 30 years, it has strongly contributed to the maritime sector, a key sector for the economic development of Cape Verde. The defined strategies and taken decisions affect the performance of entities for short and medium / long term, with the costing systems being key tools in the management and control of organizations. In this thesis project, literature and articles related to management accounting were revised and analyzed, as well as methods of production costing, where it was possible to verify that Activity-Based Costing is one of the tools that meets expectations of the responsible for the company under study, because it allows a better clearance and analysis of the costs and income in different stages of the process of executing a product or service. The current cost structure of the company, with a great weight of indirect fixed costs, ends up removing a necessary flexibility to defend itself from market retractions, as the one that took place in 2016, and caused the company here analyzed, Cabnave - Estaleiros Navais de Cabo Verde -, to have negative results.
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Opperman, Sybrand Johannes. "Aspekte van die politieke magstryd tussen die ANC en Inkatha in Natal, 1980-1990." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10150.
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Naidoo, Deenishnee. "Ease of mobility of the 'vulnerable' as a contributor to social equity : an examination of an activity street versus a non activity street." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/10084.
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Carranza, Ilaria d'Inzillo. "Use of space and activity rhythms of spotted-necked otters in the Natal Drakensberg." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/10346.
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The study was carried out in Kamberg Nature Reserve (Natal Drakensberg) from June 1994 to August 1995. Seven spotted-necked otters were fitted with an intraperitoneal radio-implant; radio-tracking was performed by both temporally independent locations and 24h continuous tracking sessions. When active, otters were always found in aquatic habitats, mainly dams, the river or oxbow lakes. Dense vegetation cover, as trees, reeds, and tall grass were preferred while resting. Otters were active both during the day and during the night, with peaks of activity at twilight. The amount of time spent in consecutive activity varied seasonally together with the main prey items exploited. Average home range area was 11.3km², including a stretch of river with an average length of 14.8 km. No intersexual nor intrasexual territoriality was detected. Intraspecific relationships varied with the dispersion and availability of food resources.Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1995.
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Madwe, Mziwendoda Cyprian. "Adoption of activity-based costing at Technical and Vocational Education and Training in KwaZulu-Natal." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2935.
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Submitted in fulfillment of the requirement of Masters of Accounting degree in Management Accounting, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2017.This study seeks to provide a guide for a more advanced costing method that is going to provide some cost allocation techniques from a wider range of TVET college specific activities, and that will provide a valuable insight for management of a college. Such a method was achieved through the development of a standard activity dictionary and the functional decomposition of the campus into small divisions as the methods of identifying major activities that are performed at TVET colleges. Thereafter, a conceptual framework for adoption of Activity-Based Costing (ABC) was developed. The main expected contribution to knowledge is represented in the development of conceptual framework for adoption of the ABC system in KwaZulu-Natal TVET colleges and the originality in the current study lies in bridging the gap in the knowledge and understanding of ABC system in education sector. In addition to providing a way to allocate resources more efficiently, ABC can help colleges to determine the best way to meet their goal by monitoring the use of resources in particular activities. The theory that forms the basis of this study is contingency theory. This theory explains how ABC system is contingent upon contingency factors including organisational and behavioural and technical variables. This contingency theory suggests that the adoption of ABC systems within public TVET colleges is depend upon, or at least associated with size of the firm, cost structure, product diversity, training, resistance to change, internal champion support and innovation, top management support, internal resources availability and technical variables. The new model of ABC adoption has been developed in order to examine reasons why the ABC adoption remains low. This study also seeks to establish factors that constitute barriers to ABC. The hand-delivery questionnaire was appropriate for data collection in this study. The census survey undertaken comprised six public TVET colleges at KwaZulu-Natal (KZN). Thirty (30) questionnaires were submitted, and thirty (30) questionnaires were returned, generating a 100% responses rate. The quantitative data were processed using a SPSS version 24.0, leading to appropriate descriptive and inferential statistical analyses, including frequencies, means, standard deviations and chi-squares. Nine factors were identified from the literature, seven were found to be statistically significant associated with ABC adoption. The qualitative research method was also used. The research strategy was embedded with multiple cases studies to validate the results derived from the census survey. This was selected to validate the results derived from census survey. The data were gathered via 10 face-to-face semi-structured interviews. The semi-structured interviews were conducted with employees from top and middle levels of the five TVET colleges. The semi-structured interviews and survey helped the researcher to discovered new ways of identifying activities such as using business process and examining the colleges’ organogram. This study found that public TVET in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) are using the Student Based Costing (SBS) and these colleges do not obtain accurate programme costs because they fail to allocate overhead costs to their respective campuses under costing currently in use in these TVET colleges. This study also found that the public TVET colleges in KZN use a uniform cost (number of students) to assign overhead costs to respective programmes. The findings of this study indicated that ABC has not been adopted at the public TVET colleges in KZN, as 60% of respondents indicated that there is no consideration of ABC to date and 100% of participants also confirmed that their colleges has not been adopted ABC to date. This result confirms that public TVET colleges at KZN are still using Traditional costing system (TCS). This study also showed that eight out of nine factors assist in the adoption of ABC system, and there is positive correlation between these seven factors and ABC adoption. The research findings of this study have exposed some loose ends that could not be answered conclusively by the data, it therefore recommended that a further empirical research should be conducted using case study and survey at all 50 public TVET colleges in South Africa to detect the difficulties and barriers that prevent the adoption of ABC at TVET colleges.
M
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Nsele, Thandanani Amon. "The engagement of women in the student government of the University of KwaZulu-Natal with the organizational mandate so as to transform the politics in terms of policy." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/11194.
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Although the political participation and representation of women has been increasing in South Africa, in other political sectors, this is debatable. In other words, the transformed nature of South African government institutions suggests that in politics, gender transformation has been achieved. While this may be true of the national government, the same is the contested terrain in as far as other levels of political activism are concerned. For example, a look at student politics raises questions on the idea that there is gender equality in South Africa political sphere. Furthermore, there is an assumption that when women are in governance, they use their positions to influence policies to be responsive to issues that affect women. Even this is a highly contested debate, particularly in the context of student politics.
In the context of South African institutions of higher learning, Student Representative Council (SRC) is a body through which students are represented in governance of such institutions. In most institutions of higher learning, SRCs have been dominated by male students. However, there has been development which has seen more women getting into SRCs, and this development is credited to policies of individual institutions as well as that of the student political movements which provide for gender transformation.
The genesis of gender transformation in student politics has been on the question of presence. In other words, the focus has been on ensuring that women are part of the composition of the SRCs (descriptive representation). And when descriptive representation has been achieved, the focus will extend to the notion of substantive representation. It was therefore important for this study to use a specific institution, University of Kwa Zulu Natal (UKZN) and explore the composition of its SRC with the aim establishing whether the representation of women is descriptive or substantive in nature or even both. The point of entry was to acknowledge the presence of women in the SRC. In exploring the nature of their representation, the researcher focused on how they engage their political movements and the mandates thereof in order to advocate for the feminization of policies.
The findings of this study firstly reveal that the SRC of UKZN has not achieved the descriptive representation of women, let alone the substantive one. This needs to be elucidated on. While there are some women in the SRC, their number is too small which is 10 out of 60 and that equals to 16.6%. Politics being the game of numbers, this would naturally make it hard for women to exert a lot of influence. Furthermore, this is a lot less than the target of the vanguard political movements. Secondly, of all the women that are in the SRC, only a small number of women indicated to be contributing a lot of substance in promoting the gender transformation agenda. What separates these women from others is political experience and will power which may translate into capacity. However, the same cannot be said of the other women.Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 2013.
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Pillay, Radhie. "Rural women's protests in Natal in 1959." Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/6167.
Full textAbstract:
In the 1950s, apartheid policies in the Natal countryside served to oppress the majority of African women more than they had ever been before. Yet ironically, it was their being 'left behind' by the system of migrant labour that goaded them into taking overt action against their condition in 1959. The aim of this mini-dissertation is to trace and explain their struggle against "grand apartheid". These women were a force to be reckoned with, and the government of the day felt temporarily threatened by their actions. This study vehemently rejects the misconception that the African women of the rural areas of Natal were docile, slave-like individuals, who placidly accepted their position. The protest marches in the 1950's, more especially 1959, proved African women to be strong-willed and determined to succeed against all odds. These women emerge as anything but placid and docile. History has shown us that women's oppression is not simply a matter of equal rights or discrimination under the law. African women struggled to be recognised as human beings, no different from any other race. In the early 1950's African women, in most parts of South Africa, became more politically active. They played a significant role in the 1952 Defiance Campaign. Shortly after that a "Women's Charter" was adopted. It sought the liberation of all people, the common society of men and women. It took women like Lilian Ngoyi, who made history in 1956 by leading 20 000 women to the Union Buildings in Pretoria in protest against passes for women, to ignite rolling mass action in the various Provinces. This thesis tells of the contemporary struggle of African women in the 1950's, more especially 1959, in Natal. This is a tribute to the countless African women who have made courageous sacrifices in order for change. It is through their radical and somewhat aggressive stance that we have a lot to be thankful for today. We must be mindful of the fact that in the Apartheid era the law itself was used to oppress people. In our new-found democracy it is pleasing to note that the law is somewhat gender sensitive, so that it does not discriminate against men or women in its application. Many of us who research African women are mere observers, who digest what we read, hear and see. Many of us do not understand the complex African way of life. We tend to employ Eurocentric theories and assumptions, which instead serve as a handicap. Thus the African woman is seen as a victim of the African male, and of traditional customs and practices. We fail to see that African women did from the outset, have varying degrees of economic independence, and that colonialism was responsible for depriving African women of their political as well as economic status. These women can claim a degree of triumph in that in the wake of the mass protest action, it took the government years to implement its policy of passes for women.Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1999.
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Mazuba, Charity Chipili. "Knowledge, utilisation of contraceptives and sexual activity among clients who choose to terminate a pregnancy at Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/14497.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to investigate sexual activity as well as contraceptive knowledge and use among termination of pregnancy (TOP) clients at Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital’s TOP clinic in the province of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN).
This was a non-experimental quantitative study in the form of a cross sectional study. Self-administered questionnaires were used for collecting data from 61 respondents selected non-randomly.
The majority of the respondents were single young women between 18 and 27 years of age. Sexual intercourse frequency was mostly once a month (91.8%). Most were unemployed and dependent on government grants and had heard of both contraception in general and emergency contraception. Only 44 (78.6%) had used contraceptives before and the most frequently used method of contraception was the injection (36.6%).
Despite the respondents having heard of contraception, the median score of the knowledge of contraception was only 16%. The distribution of knowledge was very wide, but on the whole the level of knowledge of contraception was very lowHealth Studies
M.A. (Public Health)
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Reid, Kabelo O. "The nature of decentralisation in Ladysmith and Ezakheni : an assessment of how industrial decentralisation incentives and inceased [i.e. increased] globalisation have impacted upon the viability of textile industrial activity in Ladysmith/Ezakheni." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2492.
Full text
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Nsabimana, Donat. "Effects of management practices on soil organic matter content, soil microbial activity and diversity in the KwaZulu-Natal midlands." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4911.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of land use and management practice on the
soil organic matter content and the size, activity and diversity of the microbial biomass. These effects
were investigated using samples taken from the top (0-10 cm) layer of the soils from long-term
agricultural managements including natural grassland, maize under conventional (maize CT), maize
under zero tillage (maize ZT), annual ryegrass, Eucalyptus, Pinus, and permanent kikuyu pasture. The
natural grassland was used as a control since records indicated that no agricultural activity had ever
been exerted on the soil. The measurements used to investigate these effects included soil organic C,
total N, soil pH, microbial biomass C, basal respiration rate, microbial quotient, metabolic quotient,
dehydrogenase activity, fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis, arginine ammonification rate,
arylsulphatase activity and acid and alkaline phosphatase activities. The microbial functional diversity
was measured using the Biolog Ecoplate and catabolic response profiles methods.
Soil organic Cand total Nwere lowest under maize CT, followed by maize ZT and annual ryegrass and
were higher under natural grassland, Eucalyptus and Pinus plantations while permanent kikuyu pasture
had the highest values. The other analyses, namely microbial biomass C, basal respiration rate, FDA
hydrolysis, arginine ammonification rate and arylsulphatase activity also followed the same pattern.
Annual cultivation was responsible for a decrease in microbial biomass C, basal respiration rate and
enzyme activity, principally because there was an appreciable decrease in soil organic matter content.
Conversely, permanent pasture, Eucalyptus and Pinus plantations increased appreciably the amount of
organic C and consequently, promoted the size and activity of the microbial biomass in the soils. The principle component scores showed that management practices affected the microbial functional
diversity because different treatments were found in separate zones of the principle component spaces.
The regression analysis showed that the variation in the PC1 and PC2 scores was correlated with the
variation in soil organic C, exchangeable acidity, extractable P and exchangeable K and Mg. In addition,
richness, evenness, Shannon, and Simpson diversity indices showed that any management practice
affects the dynamics of soil microbial diversity.Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2002.
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Barreto, Michael. "Antimicrobial activity of macroalgae from Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa, and the isolation of a bioactive compound from Osmundaria serrata (Rhodophyta)." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27744.
Full textAbstract:
The rhodophytes or red seaweeds are an ancient group of organisms that are related to plants. Like terrestrial plants, they use secondary compounds to protect themselves from microbial infection and grazing by herbivores. However, unlike terrestrial plants, they produce mostly halogenated secondary compounds and rarely alkaloids. Osmundaria serrata (Rhodophyta) is found along the eastern South African coast and the Maldive Islands. Its descriptive common name is “red spirals” and the species is adapted to live in habitats with high wave action. Extracts from this seaweed had previously shown to have antimicrobial activity, but ecologically irrelevant microbes were used to test the extracts. In this study, ten bacteria were isolated from the surface of O. serrata and its habitat, and identified. Mostly aerobic and Gram-negative bacteria were isolated (Halomonas and Pseudomonas species) along with facultatively anaerobic forms (Vibrio spp.) and a Gram-positive (Marinococcus sp.). These were used in bioassays to compare the activity of extracts made from O. serrata and other seaweeds that occur in the same habitat. Marine bacteria are the initial colonizers in biofilm formation and subsequent fouling of surfaces in marine environments. The study of these bacteria in relation to their macroalgal hosts may help to control biofouling of surfaces that cause economic losses worldwide. A comparison was made between using agar dilution and microtitre methods for testing the antibacterial activity of an O. serrata extract. The microtitre method was found to be more sensitive than the agar dilution method. Possibly because e some of the bacteria on the petri plates (in the agar dilution method) were not in direct contact with the toxicant in the growth medium, but were in direct contact in the liquid medium of the wells in the microtitre plates. The extract from 0. serrata was the most active of the thirteen species of macroalgae collected from the same habitat and tested for antibacterial activity. Deformities in bacteria were observed in response to the 0. serrata extract. Increased capsule production and blebbing of the outer membranes were observed by transmission electron microscopy (negative staining). Lanosol diethyl ether was isolated from 0. serrata and tested for antibacterial activity. Lanosol is produced mainly by the rhodophytes, but it is also found in other macroalgae and fungi in lower concentrations. The compound inhibited the test bacteria with average MIC's of 0.27 ± 0.07 mg.mr1 (bacteriostatic) and 0.69 ± 0.15 mg.mr1 (bactericidal). Different forms of biofilm were observed by scanning electron microscopy on the thirteen species of macroalgae. These ranged from a very little biofilm covering on the calcified reds to complex communities on the other macroalgae. The treatment with OS04 vapour before fixation in glutaraldehyde preserved the biofilm structure better than no treatment and indicated that lipids are important in maintaining biofilm structure. Since a complex biofilm community was seen on the surface of 0. serrata, it is unlikely that lanosol functions as an antifouling agent. This chemical seems to multifunctional with antimicrobial and feeding deterrent activities.Thesis (PhD (Botany))--University of Pretoria, 2006.
Plant Science
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