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1
Corigliano, Pasqualino, Vincenzo Crupi, Wolfgang Fricke, Nils Friedrich, and Eugenio Guglielmino. "Experimental and numerical analysis of fillet-welded joints under low-cycle fatigue loading by means of full-field techniques." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 229, no. 7 (February 5, 2015): 1327–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406215571462.
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The welded structures used in the naval field are generally subjected to fluctuating stress over time. In some structural welded details, due to changing loading conditions, significant elastic-plastic deformation can arise, which may lead to the failure of the structure after a relatively low number of cycles. The aim of this scientific work was to investigate the behavior of welded T-joints under low-cycle fatigue using full-field techniques: digital image correlation and infrared thermography. Low-cycle fatigue tests were carried out on welded “small-scale” specimens with the aim of obtaining loading and boundary conditions similar to those that occur in “large-scale” components in their real operating conditions. A nonlinear finite element analysis was also performed. The material curves, relative to different zones (base material, heat-affected zone, weld), were obtained by hardness measurements, which were done by means of a fully automated hardness scanner with high resolution. This innovative technique, based on the ultrasonic contact impedance method, allowed to identify the different zones (base material, heat-affected zone, weld metal) and to assess their cyclic curves, which were considered in the finite element model. Finally, the finite element model was validated experimentally comparing the results with the measurements obtained using the digital image correlation technique. The applied procedure allows providing useful information to the development of models for the prediction of fracture and fatigue behavior of the welded joints under the low-cycle fatigue loading.
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Lee, Dongkon, Kyung-Ho Lee, and Soon-Hung Han. "Intelligent Selection of Main Engine at the Preliminary Design Stage of Ships." Journal of Ship Production 11, no. 04 (November 1, 1995): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1995.11.4.245.
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The propulsion system is one of the most complicated systems in a ship and its performance greatly depends on the selection of the main engine. Also, the propulsion system occupies a large portion of the total shipbuilding cost, as well as a large portion of the annual operating cost in fuel consumption. Selecting the right propulsion system is an important factor consideration for shipowners and designers. In the preliminary stage of ship design, the main engine is selected by a design expert and this usually is a difficult task for a novice designer. With the help of a design support system, efficiency in selecting the right engine can be increased. In this study, a knowledge-based system for engine selection which can be used in the preliminary design stage for a merchant ship has been developed. The knowledge base is constructed using heuristic knowledge acquired from design experts. Two databases of engine catalogs and of existing ships are also constructed. Various performance prediction modules of the domain of naval architecture are integrated with the knowledge bases and databases. To enhance the user interface, a graphical user interface (GUI) built upon the Motif widgets is adapted.
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Hardjono, Soegeng. "STUDY ON THE FAST MISSILE CRAFT OF 60 M ON THE SEASTATE CONDITION OF THE WEST AND EASTERN INDONESIAN WATER." Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri 11, no. 3 (December 18, 2017): 239–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/mipi.v11i3.1776.
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Recently, Indonesian Navy is developing warship fleet by constructing Fast Missile Craft (KCR) 60M. The performance of KCR 60MÂ depends on the wave height of Indonesian waters. It needs to perform research on the maximum wave height for the ship length of KCR 60M and the minimum ship length of KCR 60M to cope with the highest extrem waves by statistical methods and empirical formula. The analysis result shows that KCR 60M can operate at a maximum wave height of 4,73m. Since the wave height of Indonesian water is less than 4,73m, then KCR 60M can operate throughout the year, except in Desember and January in the North areas of Indonesia near the South China Sea border due to the moonsun Asia. However, the existency of the extrem wave height >4,3m cause KCR 60M unable to operate whether in the North or South Equators as well as Inter-island waters. KCR 60M also unable to operate in the whole Naval Main Base (Lantamal) from Lantamal II (Padang) up to Lantamal XIV (Sorong). Based on the average extreme wave height of 5,1m, it can be determined that KCR 60M capable of operating has a minimum ship length of about 70m.
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Pepper, Ross L. "Human Factors in Remote Vehicle Control." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 30, no. 5 (September 1986): 417–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128603000501.
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Remotely operating a vehicle through a TV link presents unique challenges to the human factors design engineer. In addition to the geometrical requirements involved in providing acceptable image matching from the camera to the operator's display of the remote environment, consideration must be given to the impact of the dynamic motion cues provided to the operator. While a variety of visual motion cues are presented on the display, in fixed-base control stations the operator receives no corresponding somatosensory input. The result is that a decorrelation will exist between the operator's visual and vestibular information. According to Sensory Conflict Theory, this kind of sensory conflict frequently results in the operator developing signs and symptoms of motion sickness. Presumably, this nauseagenic response could have detrimental effects on driving performance. The present paper describes the approach taken at the Naval Ocean Systems Center (NOSC) to understand the basis for the large differences in driving performance which are revealed when comparisons are made between directly driving a vehicle and when driving the same vehicle by means of a TV link. The results to date are preliminary, and center on the methodological issues associated with identifying, selecting and testing various tasks which are fundamental to vehicle driving, whether that driving is done directly or through a TV link.
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Tanjung, Alamsyah Putra, Mangisi Simanjuntak, and Tasdik Mustika Alam. "THE INFLUENCE OF NAVAL BASES ON LAW ENFORCEMENT AT SEA." JOURNAL ASRO 10, no. 3 (October 31, 2019): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.37875/asro.v10i3.176.
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Sea security operation is one duties the navy in enforce laws against criminal offences specified the sea. The Navy base is one part of the Integrated Fleet Weapons System which has the capability of sea security operations by optimizing and empowering the existing patrol elements including naval vessel and security Sea patrol in implementing law enforcement at sea. Limited ability and number of facilities patrol and control personnel who are not adequate compared to the extent of the working area of Naval Base causes the unoptimal implementation of law enforcement in the sea. Data collection is obtained from the survey results from the respondents of the operator who is a patrol element of the Naval Base and supported by interviews from the informant who is the Commander and Officer of operations in the Naval Base. The Data obtained next is processed using mixed methods Concurent Embeded where the quantitative method is processed with SPSS 25 Statistic and qualitative method is processed with NVivo 12 Plus implemented simultaneously. This research hypothesis is the sea security operation capability of Naval Base can be improved in implementing more optimal law enforcement, which is proven through data processing with SPSS 25 Statistic and the results of triangulation of data interviews with NVivo 12 Plus. The research is getting the end result that sea security operations have two factors, which are elements of patrol and personnel that influence the simultaneous enforcement of marine law by 89.5%, so that it deserves a priority increase in capability and amount and its patrol personnel in order to implement law enforcement in the upcoming seas.
Keywords: Naval Force Base, Sea Security Operations, Law Enforcement at Sea, the Integrated Fleet Weapons System
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Pandjaitan, Manahan Budiarto, Panji Suwarno, and Gunardi Gunardi. "THE STRATEGY ANALYSIS FOR PATROL ELEMENTS ADDITION OF BRAVO NAVAL BASE TO SUPPORT MARINE SECURITY OPERATIONS AT INDONESIA ARCHIPELAGIC SEA LANES I." JOURNAL ASRO 11, no. 2 (April 21, 2020): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.37875/asro.v11i2.285.
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Indonesian Navy is tasked with enforcing the law and maintaining security in the national jurisdictional sea area following the provisions of national law and international law that have been ratified. To carry out these basic tasks to run well, it is necessary to have support from the Naval Base which is quite accommodating in terms of service and logistical support. The problem in this research is how to compile the strategy analysis for patrol elements addition of Bravo Naval Base to support marine security operations at Indonesia Archipelagic Sea Lanes 1. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum function of the patrol element of base owned by Bravo Naval Base in support of marine security operations in the Indonesian Archipelago Sea Lanes 1. The method used in this study is Qualitative Descriptive methods by NVivo Software and SWOT analysis methods. The results of this study are the continuation strategies analysis for patrol elements addition of Bravo Naval Base to support marine security operations, and it needs to be a concern and needs to be improved by Indonesian Navy.Keywords: Strategy Analysis, Patrol Element Additions, Bravo Indonesia Naval Base.
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Pandjaitan, Manahan Budiarto, Panji Suwarno, and Gunardi Gunardi. "THE ROLE OF THE BANGKA BELITUNG NAVAL BASE IN SUPPORTING THE SEA SECURITY OPERATIONS IN THE INDONESIA ARCHIPELAGIC SEA LANE I." Jurnal Pertahanan & Bela Negara 9, no. 3 (December 13, 2019): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33172/jpbh.v9i3.642.
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<p>The work areas that are the responsibility of the Bangka Belitung Naval base are still quite vulnerable and responsible for problems and difficulties that could disrupt the ALKI I or the Indonesian archipelagic sea lane I. The area for which the naval base of Bangka Belitung is responsible, is not balanced. However, it must continue to provide the best support for all KRI (Warships of the Republic of Indonesia) which anchored in the Bangka Belitung Naval Base. This study tries to analyze the role of the Bangka Belitung Naval base in supporting maritime security operations in ALKI I. The study uses descriptive qualitative methods about understanding the Bangka Belitung Naval base in supporting maritime security operations at ALKI I. This study uses the role of base theory, Sea Power theory and Navy trinity theory. The results of the study show that the Bangka Belitung Navy Base has not yet supported KRI or not to carry out the provision. Therefore, it is agreed that the Bangka Belitung Naval Base would provide complete facilities and infrastructure including anchoring, to be able to support KRI to operate safely at sea in assisting sovereignty in the ALKI I region.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Naval Base Role, Maritime Security, ALKI I</p>
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Caguiat, Daniel E. "Rolls Royce/Allison 501-K Gas Turbine Antifouling Compressor Coatings Evaluation." Journal of Turbomachinery 125, no. 3 (July 1, 2003): 482–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1573665.
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The Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division (NSWCCD) Gas Turbine Emerging Technologies Code 9334 was tasked by NSWCCD Shipboard Energy Office Code 859 to research and evaluate fouling resistant compressor coatings for Rolls Royce Allison 501-K Series gas turbines. The objective of these tests was to investigate the feasibility of reducing the rate of compressor fouling degradation and associated rate of specific fuel consumption (SFC) increase through the application of anti-fouling coatings. Code 9334 conducted a market investigation and selected coatings that best fit the test objective. The coatings selected were Sermalon for compressor stages 1 and 2 and Sermaflow S4000 for the inlet guide vanes and remaining 12 compressor stages. Both coatings are manufactured by Sermatech International, are intended to substantially decrease blade surface roughness, have inert top layers, and contain an anti-corrosive aluminum-ceramic base coat. Sermalon contains a Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) topcoat, a substance similar to Teflon, for added fouling resistance. Tests were conducted at the Philadelphia Land Based Engineering Site (LBES). Testing was first performed on the existing LBES 501-K17 gas turbine, which had an uncoated compressor. The compressor was then replaced by a coated compressor and the test was repeated. The test plan consisted of injecting a known amount of salt solution into the gas turbine inlet while gathering compressor performance degradation and fuel economy data for 0, 500, 1000, and 1250 KW generator load levels. This method facilitated a direct comparison of compressor degradation trends for the coated and uncoated compressors operating with the same turbine section, thereby reducing the number of variables involved. The collected data for turbine inlet, temperature, compressor efficiency, and fuel consumption were plotted as a percentage of the baseline conditions for each compressor. The results of each plot show a decrease in the rates of compressor degradation and SFC increase for the coated compressor compared to the uncoated compressor. Overall test results show that it is feasible to utilize antifouling compressor coatings to reduce the rate of specific fuel consumption increase associated with compressor performance degradation.
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Rezendes, Sérgio. "The American Naval Base in Ponta Delgada, 1917–19." Marine Corps History 7, no. 1 (August 26, 2021): 24–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.35318/mch.2021070102.
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This article derives from a master’s thesis about the consequences of World War I in the Azores archipelago that included a chapter dedicated to the U.S. Navy facilities at Ponta Delgada on the island of São Miguel. With its two U.S. Marine Corps units, U.S. Naval Base 13 defended the port, a British wireless station near Ponta Delgada, and support structures for the assigned or passing naval units. This article offers a vision of Naval Base 13 as a U.S./Europe border during World War I that was critical to the protection of British and American military and commercial shipping and denying Germany any base of operations in the region from which to launch attacks on Allied forces.
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Fricker, Paul. "Sino-American Tensions and Their Effects on Counter-terrorism Operations in Djibouti." Politikon: The IAPSS Journal of Political Science 49 (June 30, 2021): 90–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.22151/politikon.49.5.
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This research note examines the tensions between the United States and the People’s Republic of China in Djibouti. Djibouti has become a battleground of interests between the US and China with both building military bases on its territory. The People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) utilises its base to conduct naval operations and to implement the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), often conflicting with US operations and interests. The research note relies on primary documents to investigate the interaction between the two states over Djibouti and to assess whether and how China’s presence is an obstacle to US counterterrorism operations. This analysis indicates that a conflict of interests between the US and China is inevitable, but the US’ counterterrorism operation in Djibouti can be protected from the diplomatic conflict.
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Cahyadi, Petrus Indra, Budisantoso Wirjodirdjo, Okol Sri Suharyo, and Avando Bastari. "THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MULTI CRITERIA DECISION MAKING IN HANDLING CRIMINAL ACTIONS OF MARINE VIOLATION IN ALKI II AREA." JOURNAL ASRO 12, no. 01 (January 18, 2021): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.37875/asro.v12i01.393.
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One of the Main Duties of the Indonesian Navy (TNI AL) is to enforce the law and maintain security in the marine area of national jurisdiction in accordance with the provisions of national law and international law which are then manifested in Marine Security Operations (Opskamla) The Indonesian Navy Base is one of the Opskamla components. which functions to project the strength of the Indonesian Navy to the area of operation and provide ongoing administrative and logistical support to ensure the operational continuity of the elements of the Navy, carry out capacity building and conduct limited maritime security operations in the context of enforcing sovereignty and law at sea and carrying out coordination, regulation base defense. In the alternative selection of the Indonesian Navy Base in the Koarmada II work area, this study uses a combination of AHP and Topsis methods, the hierarchical structure modeling in the AHP method is influenced by the criteria and sub criteria, while for Topsis it is used as a ranking of the best alternative TNI AL bases as the initial position for Operation activities Marine Security The results obtained from the alternative weighting of the Indonesian Navy bases in sequence are the Banjarmasin Navy Base with a weight value of 0.959 more priority to be selected as a base for handling criminal offenses at sea, then the Nunukan Navy Base weight value 0.643 Palu weight value 0.589, Kendari weight value 0.333 Sangata has a weight value of 0.301, Kota Baru has a weight value of 0.265 and finally Toli-Toli has a weight value of 0.237.
Keywords : Opskamla, Naval Base, Selection of bases, Indonesian Archipelago Sea Lanes (ALKI II), Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Topsis.
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Venezia, William, William Baxley, Peter Tatro, Manhar Dhanak, Rick Driscoll, Pierre-Philippe Beaujean, Steven Shock, et al. "SFOMC: A Successful Navy And Academic Partnership Providing Sustained Ocean Observation Capabilities in the Florida Straits." Marine Technology Society Journal 37, no. 3 (September 1, 2003): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533203787537221.
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To succeed at developing a nationwide Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS), stakeholders in academia, government, and industry must forge and maintain strategic partnerships. The South Florida Ocean Measurement Center (SFOMC) is such a partnership model and mutually beneficial collaboration that is conducting year-in and year-out major at-sea operations, sustaining the operation of a complex array of sub sea sensors, and providing the maintenance and the shore-based infrastructure to support both. The transformation of a longstanding, narrowly focused, and somewhat antiquated (but highly capable) Navy test and evaluation facility is described. Formerly plagued with a decreasing customer base and increasing operational costs, the Center's transformation into this now fully integrated coalition has mitigated these forerunners of extinction while answering both Navy and academic needs. The successful partnership has resulted in modern facilities, a broad customer base, and steadily decreasing costs of operation. Examples are provided that demonstrate the ability of the Navy's South Florida Testing Facility (SFTF) to realize user cost savings and to aid in the convergence of interest and capabilities among a variety of user groups toward the solution of problems of national concern, including naval research, homeland security, and environmental stewardship.
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Elmahly, Hend, and Degang Sun. "China’s Military Diplomacy towards Arab Countries in Africa’s Peace and Security." Contemporary Arab Affairs 11, no. 4 (December 2018): 111–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/caa.2018.114006.
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China’s security concept is evolving, and its participation in Africa’s Arab countries’ peacekeeping is transforming itself from aloof bystander to active player, and from multilateralism to both multi- and unilateralism. The establishment of China’s logistics base in Djibouti does not signify a sudden change in China’s African foreign policy; instead, change has been gradual and tangible and began with the evolution of China’s participation in United Nations peacekeeping operations, and engagement in Africa’s infrastructure projects, in parallel with China’s increasing global presence. The base serves as a logistics and support facility for Chinese peacekeepers, as well as a naval facility to support anti-piracy missions off the coast of Somalia as part of an international anti-piracy operation. Moreover, the base helps China to ensure its maritime and commercial interests and safeguard Chinese nationals in West Asia and the African continent. However, the United States and the West are concerned with the geopolitical and geoeconomic implications of China’s logistics base in Djibouti. The geography of Djibouti has led to the rising of geopolitical rivalries between the great powers, which may intensify in the coming years.
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Chakraborty, Rajarshi, Mukesh Kumar Singh, Swapan Kumar Ghosh, and Indranath Kundu. "Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery: Our Initial Experience." Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery 24, no. 3 (December 18, 2016): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.47210/bjohns.2016.v24i3.93.
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Introduction
Patients with lesions of the skull base form a minor but very important subgroup of patients presenting to the ENT surgeon or are referred from other departments with complaints such as headache, nasal discharge and nasal obstruction. This study was done to study the clinical presentation of the patients with lesions of the skull base, assess intra operative findings and complications, and to document post operative clinical course and histopathological reports.
Materials and Methods
A prospective study was conducted on 10 patients with skull base lesions, who were operated on at our institution between August 2014 and August 2015. Patients with clinically and radiologically documented skull base lesions operated by endoscopic methods were included, while those operated on with open methods or those having involvement of the cavernous sinuses and the internal carotid arteries were excluded.
Results
All patients in the group were successfully operated on with no major intra operative or post operative complications encountered. Adequate tissue was obtained for biopsy with adequate sellar decompression and plugging of CSF leaks was done as required.
Conclusion
Endoscopic interventions for the skull base lesions can be safely performed in tertiary care set ups with minimal intra operative and post operative morbidity and have a better prognosis than other open procedures.
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Hanson, M., P. M. Patel, C. Betz, S. Olson, B. Panizza, and B. Wallwork. "Sinonasal outcomes following endoscopic anterior skull base surgery with nasoseptal flap reconstruction: a prospective study." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 129, S3 (March 3, 2015): S41—S46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002221511500047x.
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AbstractObjective:To assess nasal morbidity resulting from nasoseptal flap use in the repair of skull base defects in endoscopic anterior skull base surgery.Methods:Thirty-six patients awaiting endoscopic anterior skull base surgery were prospectively recruited. A nasoseptal flap was used for reconstruction in all cases. Patients were assessed pre-operatively and 90 days post-operatively via the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 20 questionnaire and visual analogue scales for nasal obstruction, pain, secretions and smell; endoscopic examination findings and mucociliary clearance times were also recorded.Results:Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 20 questionnaire data and visual analogue scale scores for pain, smell and secretions showed no significant differences between pre- and post-operative outcomes, with visual analogue scale scores for nasal obstruction actually showing a significant improvement (p = 0.0007). A significant deterioration for both flap and non-flap sides was demonstrated post-operatively on endoscopic examination (p = 0.002 and p = 0.02 respectively).Conclusion:Whilst elevation of a nasoseptal flap in endoscopic surgery of the anterior skull base engendered significant clinical deterioration on examination post-operatively, quality of life outcomes showed that no such deterioration was subjectively experienced by the patient. In fact, there was significant nasal airway improvement following nasoseptal flap reconstruction.
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Lubbe, D., and P. Semple. "Pre-operative assessment of patients undergoing endoscopic, transnasal, transsphenoidal pituitary surgery." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 122, no. 6 (October 24, 2007): 644–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215107000801.
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AbstractObjective:To demonstrate the importance of pre-operative ear, nose and throat assessment in patients undergoing endoscopic, transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary tumours.Case reports:Literature pertaining to the pre-operative otorhinolaryngological assessment and management of patients undergoing endoscopic anterior skull base surgery is sparse. We describe two cases from our series of 59 patients undergoing endoscopic pituitary surgery. The first case involved a young male patient with a large pituitary macroadenoma. His main complaint was visual impairment. He had no previous history of sinonasal pathology and did not complain of any nasal symptoms during the pre-operative neurosurgical assessment. At the time of surgery, a purulent nasal discharge was seen emanating from both middle meati. Surgery was abandoned due to the risk of post-operative meningitis, and postponed until the patient's chronic rhinosinusitis was optimally managed. The second patient was a 47-year-old woman with a large pituitary macroadenoma, who presented to the neurosurgical department with a main complaint of diplopia. She too gave no history of previous nasal problems, and she underwent uneventful surgery using the endoscopic, transnasal approach. Two weeks after surgery, she presented to the emergency unit with severe epistaxis. A previous diagnosis of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia was discovered, and further surgical and medical intervention was required before the epistaxis was finally controlled.Conclusions:Pre-operative otorhinolaryngological assessment is essential prior to endoscopic pituitary or anterior skull base surgery. A thorough otorhinolaryngological history will determine whether any co-morbid diseases exist which could affect the surgical field. Nasal anatomy can be assessed via nasal endoscopy and sinusitis excluded. Computed tomography imaging is a valuable aid to decisions regarding additional procedures needed to optimise access to the pituitary fossa.
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Suharyo, Okol Sri, Oyu Mulia S, and Ahmadi Ahmadi. "PATROL SHIPS ASSIGNMENT MODEL IN EASTERN AREA OF INDONESIA WATER USING SET COVERING." JOURNAL ASRO 9, no. 1 (February 26, 2018): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37875/asro.v9i1.56.
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ABSTRACT
Maintaining stability of the National jurisdiction security, particularly in the Indonesian eastern waters is one of the roles of Indonesian Navy which is implemented in the Maritime Security Opeation (MSO) by assigning Navy Patrol Ships (PC). In terms of capabilities and the number of Indonesian PC compared to the extensive area of the MSO sector, it still considered to be not optimal, so the Navy need to think and perform right calculations in the assignment of PC and choose Navy Bases as the initial position of MSO by PC. This study aims to create a set covering model in calculating the assignment of patrol ships to create a set covering model to calculate the assignment of patrol ships optimally by minimizing assigned patrol ships number however can still cover all patrol sectors. This model also used the Analytic Network Process (ANP) approach to select the Naval base as the initial base for patrol ships in implementing MSO. Optimization results were to assign 12 patrol ships which could cover 18 patrol ships and 3 Naval bases from 9 bases that can be used as an initial base for PC in the implementation MSO.
Keywords: Naval Maritime Security Operations (MSO), Set Covering, Analytic Network Process (ANP)
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Liu, James K., David Decker, Steven D. Schaefer, Augustine L. Moscatello, Richard R. Orlandi, Martin H. Weiss, and William T. Couldwell. "Zones of Approach for Craniofacial Resection: Minimizing Facial Incisions for Resection of Anterior Cranial Base and Paranasal Sinus Tumors." Neurosurgery 53, no. 5 (November 1, 2003): 1126–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000088802.58956.5a.
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Abstract OBJECTIVE Anterior cranial base tumors are surgically resected with combined craniofacial approaches that frequently involve disfiguring facial incisions and facial osteotomies. The authors outline three operative zones of the anterior cranial base and paranasal sinuses in which tumors can be resected with three standard surgical approaches that minimize transfacial incisions and extensive facial osteotomies. METHODS The zones were defined by performing dissections on 10 cadaveric heads and by evaluating radiographic images of patients with anterior cranial base tumors. The three approaches performed on each cadaver were transbasal, transmaxillary, and extended transsphenoidal. RESULTS Three zones of approach were defined for accessing tumors of the anterior cranial base, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinuses. Zone 1 is exposed by the transbasal approach, which is limited anteriorly by the supraorbital rim, posteriorly by the optic chiasm and clivus, inferiorly by the palate, and laterally by the medial orbital walls. This approach allows access to the entire anterior cranial base, nasal cavity, and the majority of maxillary sinuses. The limitation imposed by the orbits results in a blind spot in the superolateral extent of the maxillary sinus. Zone 2 is exposed by a sublabial maxillotomy approach and accesses the entire maxillary sinus, including the superolateral blind spot and the ipsilateral anterior cavernous sinus. However, access to the anterior cranial base is limited. Zone 3 is exposed by the transsphenoidal approach. This approach accesses the midline structures but is limited by the lateral nasal walls and intracavernous carotid arteries. An extended transsphenoidal approach allows further exposure to the anterior cranial base, clivus, or cavernous sinuses. The use of the endoscope facilitates tumor resection in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. CONCLUSION The operative zones outlined offer minimally invasive craniofacial approaches to accessing lesions of the anterior cranial base and paranasal sinuses, obviating facial incisions and facial osteotomies. Case illustrations demonstrating the approach selection paradigm are presented.
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Cernea, Claudio R., Gilberto V. Teixeira, Eduardo A. S. Vellutini, Luiz R. Medina dos Santos, and Mário G. Siqueira. "Indications for, Contraindications to, and Interruption of Craniofacial Procedures." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 106, no. 11 (November 1997): 927–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949710601108.
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In spite of increasing experience with skull base surgery, some of the guidelines for indications for operations may vary according to the institution. One-hundred two patients underwent craniofacial oncologic resections at our institution from 1982 to 1995. A retrospective analysis of the indications for and contraindications to these procedures was undertaken. The main indications for malignant tumors were skin lesions with direct invasion of the anterior or lateral skull base (69%) and nasal-paranasal sinus tumors (21%). The main indications for benign tumors were glomus lesions (26%), menigiomas (22%), and fibro-osseous lesions of the anterior skull base (19%). The main contraindications were extensive invasion of the central nervous system, invasion of the cavernous sinus and/or internal carotid artery by aggressive malignancies, and bilateral orbital invasion in a nonblind patient. Also, 6 patients had their procedures interrupted during craniotomy for several reasons — extensive central nervous system invasion (2 cases), bilateral orbital invasion (1), lack of brain retraction (1), lack of histologic diagnosis during the operation (1), and purulent discharge at the frontal sinus (1). Craniofacial oncologic operations are extensive surgical procedures that have to be properly indicated in order to obtain low levels of morbidity and mortality. The selection of cases is of paramount importance. In some instances, it seems advisable even to interrupt these operations in the first phase.
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Iordanishvili, A. K., F. I. Komarov, and V. V. Voskresensky. "RECENT BACKWARD OF NATIONAL MILITARY NAVAL MEDICINE." Marine Medicine 5, no. 4 (November 29, 2019): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22328/2413-5747-2019-5-4-109-115.
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Here is the contribution of K. N. Kostur in the development of national military naval medicine based on documentary data. K. N. Kostur was born on May 6, 1921 in the village of Kuzmin, Gorodok district of the Khmelnitsky region of the Ukrainian SSR. After graduating secondary school with ten years of study, he entered the Naval Medical School (NMS). He passed the first practice in August 1940 on the cruiser «Aurora», which was in Kronstadt. In late October 1941, after an early release from NMS, he was sent to the «Road of Life». The convoy of the Red Banner Baltic Fleet (RBBF), where he served, took the wounded, women and children out of besieged Leningrad. Konstantin Nikolaevich Kostur, being a senior medical assistant, was part of the Railway Artillery Battery of the 263rd Division of Railway Artillery of the 1st Guards Brigade of the Red Banner Baltic Fleet. He participated in combat operations to break the blockade of Leningrad, liberate the islands in the Vyborg gulf, and also liberate the Baltic states and East Prussia. Several post-war years participated in the combat demining of the Finland gulf. Then — 5 years of study at the Naval Medical Academy (NMS), service on the cruiser «Maxim Gorky» as the head of the medical service, and also — 22 years of hard work in the 1st order of Lenin Naval Hospital of the Leningrad Naval Base. Here K. N. Kostur went from the young attending doctor to the head of the gastroenterological department and the lead therapist of the hospital. After the release to the reserve, Konstantin Nikolayevich until the last day was actively working as a therapist at the 285th Polyclinic of 1st order of Lenin Naval Hospital of the Leningrad Naval Base, assisting military personnel, members of their families, military retirees and civilians. Despite high positions and great administrative and medical work, K. N. Kostur conducted deep research studies on topical issues of naval therapy and gastroenterology, was actively engaged in inventive and rationalization activities.
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Nogueira, Joao Flavio, Bradford A. Woodworth, Aldo Stamm, and Maria Laura Silva. "A Primary Clival Defect: Endoscopic Binostril Approach With Nasal Septal Flap Closure and Preservation of Septal Integrity." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 98, no. 5 (April 8, 2019): E24—E26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145561319839507.
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Primary spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is an unusual phenomenon that may occur anywhere along the skull base. However, CSF leaks originating from clival defects are rarely reported in the literature. The majority of reported cases were managed with microscopic techniques, using free grafts. The present study discusses a case of spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea from a clival defect closed with our transnasal operative approach using endoscopic techniques. The skull base defect was successfully managed with an endoscopic binostril approach to create a nasal septal flap pedicled at the sphenopalatine artery, while also preserving the integrity of the nasal septum.
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Bly, Randall, R. Harbison, Ian Humphreys, Mark Whipple, Blake Hannaford, Kris Moe, and Yangming Li. "Anatomical Region Segmentation for Objective Surgical Skill Assessment with Operating Room Motion Data." Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base 78, no. 06 (July 31, 2017): 490–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1604406.
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Background Most existing objective surgical motion analysis schemes are limited to structured surgical tasks or recognition of motion patterns for certain categories of surgeries. Analyzing instrument motion data with respect to anatomical structures can break the limit, and an anatomical region segmentation algorithm is required for the analysis. Methods An atlas was generated by manually segmenting the skull base into nine regions, including left/right anterior/posterior ethmoid sinuses, frontal sinus, left and right maxillary sinuses, nasal airway, and sphenoid sinus. These regions were selected based on anatomical and surgical significance in skull base and sinus surgery. Six features, including left and right eye center, nasofrontal beak, anterior tip of nasal spine, posterior edge of hard palate at midline, and clival body at foramen magnum, were used for alignment. The B-spline deformable registration was adapted to fine tune the registration, and bony boundaries were automatically extracted for final precision improvement. The resultant deformation field was applied to the atlas, and the motion data were clustered according to the deformed atlas. Results Eight maxillofacial computed tomography scans were used in experiments. One was manually segmented as the atlas. The others were segmented by the proposed method. Motion data were clustered into nine groups for every dataset and outliers were filtered. Conclusions The proposed algorithm improved the efficiency of motion data clustering and requires limited human interaction in the process. The anatomical region segmentations effectively filtered out the portion of motion data that are out of surgery sites and grouped them according to anatomical similarities.
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Lohsiriwat, Visnu, and Apirag Chuangsuwanich. "Augmentation rhinoplasty with custom-made S-shape silicone implant in Asians: A 15-year experience." Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 46, no. 03 (September 2013): 533–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0358.122004.
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ABSTRACT Background: Asians have low nasal dorsum, thick skin envelope, low defined alar cartilage, low projection of nasal tip and broad alar base. Augmentation rhinoplasty with silicone prosthesis has been performed with predictable results, but unfavourable results and complications still present. This series show techniques and results from single surgeon experience. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 548 patients chart during January 1995 to December 2009. All patients underwent custom-made S-shape implant silicone augmentation rhinoplasty operated by a single surgeon. There were three major operative steps: (1) Intra-operative S-shape implant carving; (2) pocket dissection through bilateral rim incision and (3) tension adjustment before closure. All the patients were recorded for early surgical complications and satisfaction. Results: There were 519 women and 29 men. The mean age is 25.5 years (18-56 years). Mean follow-up period was 6 months (1-60 months). The majority of patient were appointed for esthetic augmentation (86.8%). 515 cases (94.9%) showed well satisfaction following the operation. The total complication rate was 6.5% (4.9% deviation, 0.7% extrusion, 0.5% hematoma and 0.3% infection). All the complications were corrected with uneventful sequelae. Conclusion: Augmentation rhinoplasty with custom-made S-shape silicone implant by closed approach provides high satisfaction with acceptable early complication rate.
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Cusimano, Michael D., and Laligam N. Sekhar. "Pseudo-cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea." Journal of Neurosurgery 80, no. 1 (January 1994): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1994.80.1.0026.
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✓ Because of its potentially serious sequelae, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage following surgery for lesions of the cranial base is given immediate attention by neurosurgeons. Despite a multitude of approaches used to prevent its occurrence, CSF leakage complicates up to 30% of difficult skull-base tumor operations. The authors describe the cases of 11 patients who developed a syndrome, not previously described in the literature, termed “pseudo-CSF rhinorrhea.” This syndrome occurs after surgery of the cranial base, usually involving dissection or removal of the petrous or cavernous carotid artery, the greater superficial petrosal nerve, and the pericarotid sympathetic plexus. It is characterized by nasal stuffiness and nasal hypersecretion and is sometimes accompanied by facial flushing. The symptoms are characteristically exacerbated by exertion or by elevated ambient room temperatures. Lacrimation is typically absent ipsilateral to the pseudo-CSF rhinorrhea. It is believed that pseudo-CSF rhinorrhea developed in these patients because of a relative imbalance of the regulatory autonomic supply of the nasal mucosa.
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Luchnikov, E. A., O. G. Chernikov, and E. M. Mavrenkov. "Medical Support of Combat Operations and Naval Air Force Losses in the Great Patriotic War." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 22, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma62818.
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The paper addresses the contribution of the Naval Air Force and its medical service to the victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. Organizational and staff structure, medical support of combat operations, the dynamics, level and structure of operational attrition and non-battle sanitary losses of the Naval Air Force air and ground crews are studied by categories and by the periods of the war, including the major operations, separately for each fleet. Detailed analysis of the experience of search and rescue operations and aeromedical evacuation as specific components of the medical service of the Naval Air Force is presented. The management procedures of medical supplies and recreation of the air crews to prevent their exhaustion are studied. For instance, since it was impossible to provide professional and specialized medical aid to the wounded from the fleet air force units, it had to be provided at the naval and combined-arms levels of medical evacuation. Only a small number of air base infirmaries were staffed by qualified surgeons. Difficulties in organizing the medical supplies were caused by frequent movements of air force units, often in the closest vicinity to the enemy; and also, by the lack of special unified medical packs. Based on the experience of medical support for search and rescue operations, the most effective search and rescue of flight personnel was organized using water-planes. During the war, naval aviation pilots evacuated thousands of wounded people to the rear of the country. The specifics of the fleet aviation missions characterize the structure of sanitary losses and their ratio to the irretrievable losses of flying personnel during the four years of the war. Due to a significant combat load on the pilots, the command was obliged to organize their rehabilitation in the form of short-term vacation at adapted recreation centers. Based on the information available from literature and archive sources, the successful experience and faults in the medical support of the combat missions of the Air Force as the striking component of the Navy during the Great Patriotic War are analyzed, and respective detailed conclusions are made.
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Bender, William J., Andrew N. Blair, and Bilal M. Ayyub. "Risk-based Simulation Models for the Construction of the Mobile Offshore Base." Journal of Ship Production 16, no. 04 (November 1, 2000): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.2000.16.4.241.
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Several very large ocean structures have been proposed as part of the Office of Naval Research feasibility study of a Mobile Offshore Base (MOB). The MOB platform nominally is about 1500 m (l mile) by 129 m (400 ft), which is unprecedented in size and operations compared to any floating structure to date. The objective of this study was to provide a risk-informed construction feasibility assessment for five proposed MOB concepts and quantify their construction cost and schedule. The risks associated with the concepts' cost and schedule were established by comparing resource requirements to build a MOB with the US industrial capacity. These risks were then modeled and simulated using commercial simulation software to provide cost and schedule estimates that accounted for uncertainty and risks. The scope of this study was limited to the construction of the hull.
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Kang, Jungpyo, Kwanjung Yee, and Gyujin Shim. "Operational Feasibility Study of High Altitude Balloon Platform based on the Wind Environment in South Korea." Defence Science Journal 70, no. 2 (March 9, 2020): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.70.14705.
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Naval helicopters flying at extremely low altitudes often face communication problems when the helicopter is located in the distance from the mother ship. Accordingly, new attention is being cast on the high altitude balloon (HAB) to solve this problem due to its cost-effectiveness and ability of rapid deployment to the battlefield. The balloon is one of a lighter-than-air vehicle that the blowing wind determines its speed, direction, and travel distance. Therefore, it is likely that seasonal changes in wind conditions will restrict the operation of the balloon. In this paper, the feasibility study of the balloon, which is regarded as a future communication relay platform, on the theater of operation of the Republic of Korea Navy the First Fleet was performed. The trends of the balloon trajectory for five years (2014 ~ 2018) with respect to seasonal wind variations were investigated employing the numerical trajectory prediction program. Simulated balloon trajectories of summer and winter showed considerable differences due to seasonal wind. Summer season was found that it has the most favorite flight environment for the balloon campaign. Upon reflecting on the simulation results, the HAB operating procedure, which capitalised on the Ulleungdo, was also suggested.
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Friedman, B. A. "First to Fight: Advanced Force Operations and the Future of the Marine Corps." Journal of Advanced Military Studies 11, no. 2 (December 16, 2020): 119–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21140/mcuj.20201102007.
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General David H. Berger’s tenure as Commandant of the Marine Corps has set the stage for drastic change toward a Marine Corps more focused on maritime operations. The Commandant has called on these changes to be concept driven and capabilities tested, driving experimentation, wargaming, analysis, research and development, and acquisitions. The Marine Corps is pursuing or developing a number of concepts but lacks an overarching concept that provides context and coherence for conceptual exploration. The author proposes advanced force operations, a concept designed to be broad enough to link together modern concepts like expeditionary advanced base operations and distributed operations, while building on the Marine Corps’ traditions and strengths. Advanced force operations envision Marine Corps forces acting as a vanguard force, competing for maritime access, shaping naval campaigns, and enabling the introduction of Joint forces.
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Spitzer, Holly V., Tuan Hoang, Eric Pierce, Reginald J. Franciose, Matthew Pena, Nita L. Shattuck, Cameron R. Bass, et al. "Assessing Surgical Task Load and Performance: A Comparison of Simulation and Maritime Operation." Military Medicine 185, Supplement_1 (January 2020): 599–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usz297.
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ABSTRACT Introduction This study examined the effects of simulated and actual vessel motion at high seas on task load and surgical performance. Methods This project was performed in phases. Phase I was a feasibility study. Phase II utilized a motion base simulator to replicate vessel motion. Phase III was conducted aboard the U.S. Naval Ship Brunswick. After performing surgical tasks on a surgical simulation mannequin, participants completed the Surgical Task Load Index (TLX) designed to collect workload data. Simulated surgeries were evaluated by subject matter experts. Results TLX scores were higher in Phase III than Phase II, particularly at higher sea states. Surgical performance was not significantly different between Phase II (84%) and Phase III (89%). Simulated motions were comparable in both phases. Conclusions Simulated motion was not associated with a significant difference in surgical performance or deck motion, suggesting that this simulator replicates the conditions experienced during surgery at sea on the U.S. Naval Ship Brunswick. However, Surgical TLX scores were dramatically different between the two phases, suggesting increased workload at sea, which may be the result of time at sea, the stress of travel, or other factors. Surgical performance was not affected by sea state in either phase.
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Imai, Keisuke, Kounosuke Tsujiguchi, Chiaya Toda, Ki-Chul Sung, Sadao Tajima, Hiroaki Sakamoto, and Yasuaki Matsuda. "Osteoblastoma of the nasal cavity invading the anterior skull base in a young child." Journal of Neurosurgery 87, no. 4 (October 1997): 625–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1997.87.4.0625.
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✓ The benign osteoblastoma is rarely seen as a tumor of the facial bone in infancy or early childhood. Only five cases with nasal involvement have been reported in the literature. The authors present a case of osteoblastoma of the nasal cavity, the nasal bone, the ethmoid sinus, and the anterior cranial base. This 3-year-old girl presented with a tumor surrounding the left medial canthus. Imaging studies, including x-ray films, computerized tomography scans, magnetic resonance images, a 99mTc-scintigram, and angiograms, confirmed the location of the tumor. A biopsy specimen of tumor was obtained intranasally and the pathological diagnosis was an osteoblastic tumor suggestive of osteoblastoma. Although the tumor margin was well defined on the radiological images, it was difficult to determine the exact margin during the operation. Therefore, it is important to show how to excise the tumor completely under direct view. With the use of a “dismasking flap,” it was possible to resect the benign osteoblastoma completely from the nasal cavity, even though it extended into the orbit, the maxilla, and the anterior cranial base.
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Wang, Po-Fang, Dax Carlo Pascasio, Soo Ha Kwon, Shih-Hsien Chen, Pang-Yun Chou, Chuan-Fong Yao, Ying-An Chen, Cheng-Hui Lin, and Yu-Ray Chen. "The Effect of Absorbable and Non-Absorbable Sutures on Nasal Width Following Cinch Sutures in Orthognathic Surgery." Symmetry 13, no. 8 (August 15, 2021): 1495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13081495.
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Background: Non-absorbable materials (nylon) are always used in cinch sutures to maintain nasal width and to improve harmonious facial symmetry in orthognathic surgery. However, a few drawbacks of nylon materials have been clinically reported following orthognathic surgery, such as nasal irritation and exposure of the sutures. An absorbable material (PDS) has been proposed in cinch sutures, not only to avoid the complications of nylon but also to stabilize the nasal width for a long-term follow-up. Methods: Fifty-seven patients with Angle’s malocclusion classification III receiving orthognathic surgery were enrolled in this study. A non-absorbable material (nylon) and an absorbable material (PDS) were utilized for the cinch sutures. Pre-operative (T1) and post-operative six-month (T2) craniofacial 3D images were collected for all patients to measure the alar curvature (Ac) width and the alar base (Al) width. A significance level of p < 0.05 was applied in the statistical analysis. Results: With the approval of IRB, cinch suturing was performed with nylon in 29 patients and with PDS in 28 patients. Pre-operative Ac and Al distances showed no significant difference between these two groups. There were also no significant differences between the suture materials in the peri-operative change in nasal width, including Ac (nylon: 1.999 ± 1.40; PDS: 1.484 ± 0.97; p = 0.112) and Al (nylon: 1.861 ± 1.66; PDS: 1.115 ± 0.92; p = 0.056). Conclusions: For cinch sutures in orthognathic surgery, PDS can maintain the peri-operative nasal width similarly to nylon; additionally, it can be absorbed in a timely manner without the drawbacks of non-absorbable materials.
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Gray, Mingyang L., Catharine Kappauf, and Satish Govindaraj. "Management of an Unusual Intranasal Foreign Body Abutting the Cribriform Plate: A Case Report and Review of Literature." Clinical Medicine Insights: Ear, Nose and Throat 12 (January 2019): 117955061985860. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1179550619858606.
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A 35-year-old man with history of schizophrenia presented 3 weeks after placing a screw in his right nostril. Initial imaging showed a screw in the right ethmoid sinus with the tip penetrating the right cribriform plate. On exam, the patient was hemodynamically stable with purulent drainage in the right nasal cavity but no visible foreign body. While most nasal foreign bodies occur in children and are generally removed at the bedside, intranasal foreign bodies in adults tend to require further assessment. The foreign body in this case was concerning for skull base involvement and the patient was brought to the operating room (OR) with neurosurgery for endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and removal of foreign body. The screw was removed and the patient recovered with no signs of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak postoperatively. Any concern for skull base or intracranial involvement should call for a full evaluation of the mechanism of injury and intervention in a controlled environment.
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Oosthuizen, J. C., S. Kennedy, and C. Timon. "Glomangiopericytoma (sinonasal-type haemangiopericytoma)." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 126, no. 10 (July 17, 2012): 1069–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215112001569.
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AbstractBackground:Glomangiopericytoma is a rare sinonasal tumour of perivascular myoid phenotype, which accounts for less than 1 per cent of all sinonasal tumours.Objective:Discussion of the clinical presentation, histopathological features and advances in the management of sinonasal and skull base glomangiopericytoma.Case report:A 32-year-old woman presented with worsening nasal obstruction, anosmia, severe frontal headaches and right-sided proptosis. Radiographic and endoscopic examination revealed a right-sided, vascular mass involving the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and anterior skull base. Histopathological features were consistent with a glomangiopericytoma. Complete endoscopic resection with free margins was achieved.Conclusion:Glomangiopericytomas are rare, vascular, sinonasal tumours. Successful management depends on complete resection, traditionally achieved via an open approach. However, recent advances in endoscopic surgical approaches have enabled complete endoscopic resection of these tumours, minimising morbidity and facilitating subsequent surveillance of the operative site.
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Shek, T. W. H., W. C. G. Peh, and G. Leung. "Chondromyxoid fibroma of skull base: a tumour prone to local recurrence." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 113, no. 4 (April 1999): 380–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100144044.
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AbstractChondromyxoid fibroma of the skull base is extremely uncommon. Sometimes involvement of the nasal cavity may occur and the patients may present with nasal symptoms. The biological behaviour of this tumour has not been well studied, primarily because of the limited number of reported cases and the short duration of followup. We report a histologically confirmed case of chondromyxoid fibroma of the skull base that recurred repeatedly over a 10-year period after the initial operation. Histologically it showed identical morphology to the original tumour with no evidence of histological progression or dedifferentiation. Ultrastructurally, the spindle tumour cells in the fibromyxoid area showed dual chondroblastic and fibroblastic differentiation, suggesting that these spindle fibroblastic cells and the better differentiated chondroid cells were of the same cell type with different histological morphology.
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Yumoto, Eiji, Masamitsu Hyodo, Seiji Kawakita, and Ryuichi Aibara. "Effect of Sinus Surgery on Visual Disturbance Caused by Spheno-ethmoid Mucoceles." American Journal of Rhinology 11, no. 5 (September 1997): 337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/105065897781286025.
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Fifteen patients suffering from visual disturbance of varying degrees caused by a mucocele of the posterior ethmoid and/or sphenoid sinuses underwent marsupialization of a mucocele into the nasal cavity. Five of the eight patients with severe visual loss worse than 20/200 showed recovery of measurable vision. Two of these five were operated on within 24 hours after the onset of visual loss and showed marked recovery to 20/25 and 20/15. The other seven patients who had relatively mild visual disturbance experienced improvement of visual acuity or remission of subjective complaints such as blurred vision postoperatively. During operation partial bony defect was found in the optic canal in 12 patients and in the skull base in 12 patients. A good understanding of this disease by ophthalmologists and otolaryngologists is essential for early diagnosis and prompt surgical treatment to avoid permanent visual dysfunction and operative sequelae.
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Anggara, P. D., T. M. Alam, D. Adrianto, and W. S. Pranowo. "The wave characteristics in Natuna Sea and its adjacent for naval operation base purposes." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 176 (July 30, 2018): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/176/1/012003.
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Kakushkin, N. "A. Redlikh. A case of radical surgery for hernia of the white line during pregnancy. (Protocol of the meeting of the Obstetric and Gynecological Society in Kiev, book 7, 1894, p. 153)." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 9, no. 3 (September 22, 2020): 263–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd93263-264.
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A 39-year-old pregnant woman, for 3 months, has a tumor in the navel area of 39.5 cm. in the circle of the base. The skin of the tumor (hernia) is thinned; the hernia is not reparable. During the operation (cut along the white line), it turned out that the contents of the hernia were intestinal loops and an omentum.
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Skordaris, G., F. Stergioudi, A. Boumpakis, D. Stergioudi, and H. Behrbohm. "A FEA-Based Methodology to Predict the Osteotome Wear Status during Nasal Bone Surgical Operations." Coatings 9, no. 12 (December 13, 2019): 855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9120855.
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A FEA-based methodology was developed in order to predict the wear status of an osteotome (surgical instrument) during its use in a lateral nasal bone osteotomy considering its fatigue strength. The latter parameter was determined by appropriate FEM-evaluation of the perpendicular impact test results. For the simulation of the surgical procedure, two scenarios were examined: (i) when utilizing a brand new osteotome and (ii) when utilizing an already used osteotome characterized by decreased fatigue strength. The actual nasal bone geometry used in the FEA model was obtained from a high-resolution, maxillofacial, computed tomography (CT) scan of a single patient. In both cases examined, depiction of fracture patterns for the osteotome and the nasal bone were obtained. The wear of a new osteotome and an already used osteotome was also calculated and compared. The developed von Mises stresses in both the osteotome and nasal bone were depicted. The proposed methodology allowed an accurate prediction of the critical number of impacts that the osteotome can receive during the lateral nasal osteotomy which is followed in all rhinoplasties. Based on the developed methodology, a preventive replacement of the osteotome before its extensive fracture can be determined, thereby minimizing the risk of postoperative complications.
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Rodríguez-Navarro, Pablo, Eliott Wragg, Giorgio Verdiani, and Teresa Gil-Piqueras. "Modelling the last of the “Movies”: discussion and digital survey of the Eothen formerly ML286." Virtual Archaeology Review 12, no. 25 (July 14, 2021): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2021.14543.
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<p class="VARAbstract">The research presented here puts together different direct and/or physical operations all aimed to enhance the knowledge and produce advanced dissemination of the very last ship from the “Mosquitos’ Fleet” which operated during the World War I and in some operations even during the World War II. The exploration of the valuable remains along the Thames River in London, the intervention with archaeology strategy, the use of digital survey procedures, the investigation of the references about the fleet, the digital modelling and drawing and the final online sharing of the 3D model, brought together to a specific digital heritage creation of an element with a high risk of getting lost. An international team worked together on the poor shipwreck of the Eothen (the last name assigned to this ship by its last owner). The intervention was operated in very odd operative conditions, with the hull invaded by the mud, the very wet environment and the daily flood of the area, such a mix of difficult conditions were a special challenge for the survey operations, which were optimized and accurately planned to allow the best and efficient result in terms of coverage and level of details. The following post-processing aimed to the production of a classic set of 2D drawings and an interactive 3D model, accessible in a real-time visualization from the sketchfab.com platform creates an excellent base for a possible following restoration/musealisation intervention, or, at least, allow digital preservation of a rich dataset of the remains of this interesting piece from the naval history of the first half of the 20th century.</p><p>Highlights:</p><ul><li><p>The “mosquito fleet” has a specific page in the WWI naval wars. Based on a specific ship, it is missing detailed documentation, the survey of the last one can highlight that episode.</p></li><li><p>The digital survey of the Eothen has a strategy aimed to allow the full documentation of the shipwreck in a very difficult environment, managing floods, mud, vegetation and reflections.</p></li><li><p>The drawings and the 3D model, accessible from a free platform allow complete access to this ruined ship, a contribution to knowledge and a base for possible intervention hypothesis.</p></li></ul>
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Martinelli, Katrini Guidolini, Silvana Granado Nogueira da Gama, Erica Marvila Garcia, and Edson Theodoro dos Santos-Neto. "Classificação do pré-natal em maternidades do Espírito Santo conforme recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde e do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 12 (September 21, 2021): e290101220375. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i12.20375.
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Objetivo: Classificar o atendimento pré-natal de mulheres atendidas para o parto em maternidades do Espírito Santo, por meio de um índice universal, envolvendo as recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), e um índice nacional, do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil (MS), além de analisar os fatores associados à inadequação do pré-natal. Métodos: Estudo transversal com puérperas participantes do estudo “Nascer no Brasil” em maternidades do Espírito Santo, entre 2011-2012. Realizou-se regressão logística multivariada para verificar os fatores associados à inadequação do pré-natal. Resultados: 450 puérperas participaram do estudo. Em mais da metade dos itens que compõem o protocolo da OMS obteve-se 80% ou mais de execução. A suplementação de ferro e ácido fólico foram os itens menos executados (20%). Com base nas recomendações do MS, os procedimentos clínico-obstétricos foram os mais executados, enquanto o exame citopatológico de colo uterino foi o menos registrado (9,3%). Mais de 50% das puérperas tiveram pré-natal considerado inadequado. Os fatores associados à inadequação do pré-natal foram: não ter trabalho remunerado (OR=2,09; IC95%=1,22-3,57), não ter intenção de engravidar (OR=1,91 e OR=1,88; IC95%=1,08-3,37), residir fora da capital do estado (OR=1,87 e OR=1,91; IC95%=1,11-3,17), pré-natal no setor público (OR=4,92; IC95%=1,65-14,68) e ser multípara (OR=9,85; IC95%=2,92-33,14). Conclusão: Mulheres mais vulnerabilizadas foram as que mais tiveram inadequação do pré-natal, o que demanda mudanças no modo de captação e adesão das gestantes ao atendimento pré-natal, ampliando o papel social dos serviços públicos de saúde, com base em protocolos pré-estabelecidos, além de ampliar o acesso ao planejamento reprodutivo.
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Asano, Hirotoshi, and Hideto Ide. "Facial-Expression-Based Arousal Evaluation by NST." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 22, no. 1 (February 20, 2010): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2010.p0076.
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Fatigue accumulation and poor attention could cause accidents in situations such as flight control, and automobile operation. This has contributed to international interest in intelligent transport system (ITS) research and development. We evaluated human sleepiness arousal based on facial thermal image analysis, in doing so based on nasal skin temperature for different levels of sleepiness during vehicle driving, we found that nasal skin temperature can replace facialexpression in evaluating sleep transition.
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Raza, Maqbool, Atif Rafique, Shahid Farooq Khattak, Muhammad Ali, Adil Aleem, and Muhammad Zubair. "A STUDY ON THE ENDOSCOPIC SINUS SURGERY OVER THE PERIOD OF 9 YEARS." PAFMJ 71, Suppl-1 (January 27, 2021): S82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v71isuppl-1.4737.
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Objective: To share experience of 1000 patients who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) in 4different hospitals for various diseases over span of 9 years.
Study Design: Prospective observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: Sheikh Khalifa Hospital Muzaffarabad, Combined Military Hospital Sialkot, PakEmirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi and CMH Quetta, from Jun 2009 to Jun 2018.
Methodology: We included 1000 patients who underwent Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) in fourdifferent military hospitals, suffering with various diseases discussed later. Patients were operated after failureto get response to medical therapy. All the patients had preoperative endoscopic examination and CT-scan paranasal sinuses (PNS) done for disease assessment. Patients were examined post operatively at 1, 15 days and 2 months. All patients were documented for the level of satisfaction at end of 2 months post-operative period.
Results: Most patients were suffering from rhino sinusitis 364 (36.4%). Bilateral ethmoidal polyps constitutedthe second largest group at 289 (28.9%) patients. About 837 (83.7%) of patients were completely free of symptom, 104 (10.4%) with partial improvement whereas, 59 (5.9%) patients did not report any improvement in symptoms. 899 (89.9%) of patients were discharged on their first post operation day meaning less hospital stay and quick recovery.Conclusion: Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) can be employed to treatment variety of common nasal diseases (chronic rhino-sinusitis, nasal polyps) & non-nasal diseases like cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea & as approach to skull base. This method of treatment was quite effective in alleviating symptoms of patients.
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Deitz, Dan. "Modeling a Virtual." Mechanical Engineering 120, no. 05 (May 1, 1998): 66–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1998-may-3.
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Engineers are using simulation-based design to test the digital prototype of a floating military base that will be the largest structure ever to voyage on the high seas. Consisting of five separate modules joined by a series of hinged connectors, the proposed mobile offshore base (MOB) is planned to provide a mobile, sea-based alternative to fixed land bases outside the United States. The Navy's proposed mobile offshore base includes a 1-mile-long runway, 85 acres of interior space, and facilities for transferring containers and vehicles from cargo ships docked alongside. The self-propelled structure would serve as a semi-stationary base for military operations and humanitarian efforts. Feasibility studies are being performed at McDermott Technology Inc. in Lynchburg, Virginia, a supplier and operator of semisubmersible vessels for the offshore oil industry. Simulations, visualizations, and analyses for these studies are being conducted at the Simulation-Based Design Office of the Gulf Coast Regional Maritime Technology Center in Orange, Texas, which was established by the University of New Orleans in cooperation with the Office of Naval Research in Washington, DC.
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Marfani, M. S., M. A. Jawaid, S. M. Shaikh, and K. Thaheem. "Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis with skull base and orbital erosion." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 124, no. 2 (December 3, 2009): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215109991253.
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AbstractIntroduction:Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis is a benign, noninvasive sinus disease related to hypersensitivity to fungal infection having bony skull base and orbital erosion as common finding.Patients and method:This descriptive study was conducted at the department of otorhinolaryngology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan, from April 2003 to March 2006. In forty-seven proven cases of allergic fungal sinusitis the following information was recorded: demographic data, signs and symptoms, laboratory investigation results, imaging results, pre- and post-operative medical treatment, surgery performed, follow up, and residual or recurrent disease. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 10.0 software was used for data analysis.Results:Findings indicated that allergic fungal rhinosinusitis usually occurred in the second decade of life (51.06 per cent) in males (70.21 per cent), allergic rhinitis (100 per cent) and nasal polyposis (100 per cent). Nasal obstruction (100 per cent), nasal discharge (89.36 per cent), postnasal drip (89.36 per cent), and unilateral nasal and paranasal sinus involvement (59.57 per cent) were significant features. Aspergillus (59.57 per cent) was the most common aetiological agent. Combined orbital and skull base erosion was seen in 30.04 per cent of cases, with male preponderance 6.8:1. Endoscopic sinus surgery was performed in all cases, and recurrent or residual disease was observed in 19.14 per cent.Conclusion:Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis is a disease of young, immunocompetent individual. Skull base and orbital erosion are seen in one-third of cases. Bone erosion is 6.8 times more common in males than females. Orbital erosion is 1.5 times more common than skull base erosion. Endoscopic surgical debridement and drainage combined with topical steroids leads to resolution of disease in the majority of cases, without resorting to systemic antifungal agents, craniotomy or dural resection.
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He, Yucheng, Ying Hu, Peng Zhang, Baoliang Zhao, Xiaozhi Qi, and Jianwei Zhang. "Human–Robot Cooperative Control Based on Virtual Fixture in Robot-Assisted Endoscopic Sinus Surgery." Applied Sciences 9, no. 8 (April 22, 2019): 1659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9081659.
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In endoscopic sinus surgery, the robot assists the surgeon in holding the endoscope and acts as the surgeon’s third hand, which helps to reduce the surgeon’s operating burden and improve the quality of the operation. This paper proposes a human–robot cooperative control method based on virtual fixture to realize accurate and safe human–robot interaction in endoscopic sinus surgery. Firstly, through endoscopic trajectory analysis, the endoscopic motion constraint requirements of different surgical stages are obtained, and three typical virtual fixtures suitable for endoscopic sinus surgery are designed and implemented. Based on the typical virtual fixtures, a composite virtual fixture is constructed, and then the overall robot motion constraint model is obtained. Secondly, based on the obtained robot motion constraint model, a human–robot cooperative control method based on virtual fixture is proposed. The method adopts admittance control to realize efficient human–robot interaction between the surgeon and robot during the surgery; the virtual fixture is used to restrain and guide the motion of the robot, thereby ensuring motion safety of the robot. Finally, the proposed method is evaluated through a robot-assisted nasal endoscopy experiment, and the result shows that the proposed method can improve the accuracy and safety of operation during endoscopic sinus surgery.
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Effendi, Sabih T., Vikas Y. Rao, Eric N. Momin, Jovany Cruz-Navarro, and Edward A. M. Duckworth. "The 1-piece transbasal approach: operative technique and anatomical study." Journal of Neurosurgery 121, no. 6 (December 2014): 1446–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2014.8.jns132609.
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Object The transbasal approach (TBA) is an anterior skull base approach, which provides access to the anterior skull base, sellar-suprasellar region, and clivus. The TBA typically involves a bifrontal craniotomy with orbital bar and/or nasal bone osteotomies performed in 2 separate steps. The authors explored the feasibility of routinely performing this approach in 1 piece with a quantitative cadaveric anatomical study, and present an operative case example of their approach. Methods Seven latex-injected cadaveric heads underwent a 1-piece TBA, followed by additional bone removal typical for a traditional 2-piece approach. Six surgical angles relative to the pituitary stalk, as well as the surface area of the orbital roof osteotomy, were measured before and after additional bone removal. The vertical angle from the frontonasal suture to the foramen cecum was measured in all specimens. In addition to an anatomical study, the authors have used this technique in the operating room, and present an illustrative case of resection of an anterior skull base meningioma. Results Morphometric results were as follows: the vertical angle from the frontonasal suture to the foramen cecum ranged from 17.4° to 29.7° (mean 23.8° ± 4.8°) superiorly. Of the 6 surgical angle measures, only the middle horizontal angle was increased in the 2-piece versus the 1-piece approach (mean 43.4° ± 4.6° vs 43.0° ± 4.3°, respectively; p = 0.049), with a mean increase of 0.4°. The surface area of the orbital osteotomy was increased in the 2-piece versus the 1-piece approach (mean 2467 mm2 ± 360 mm2 vs 2045 mm2 ± 352 mm2, respectively; p < 0.001). The patient in the illustrative clinical case had a good outcome, both clinically and cosmetically. Conclusions The 1-piece TBA provides an alternative to the traditional 2-piece approach. It allows easier reconstruction, potentially decreased operative time, and improved cosmesis. While more of the orbital roof can be removed with the 2-piece approach, this additional bone removal offers only a small increase in 1 of 6 surgical angles that were measured.
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Chebotaryov, S. Ya. "The modern trends in surgery of extensive tumors affecting the front and mean cranial fosses in nasal cavity and paranasal sinus." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 7, no. 5-2 (December 30, 2008): 465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2008-5-2-465-469.
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2—3% of head and neck tumors are comprised by nasal and paranasal sinus’ masses. Complex method based on surgcical operation with maximal cytoreduction is the mainstay of treatment. Pecularities of surgical planning and technique in treatment of paranasal sinus tumors invading the skull base are considered in the article. Short- and long-term surgical results have been analyzed. Long-term results first of all depend on radicality of operation, histological structure of the tumor and its sensitivity to ajunctive methods of treatment. These used techniques are the only possible in this kind of mass lesions.
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Pang, Kenny P. "One-stage nasal and multi-level pharyngeal surgery for obstructive sleep apnoea: safety and efficacy." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 119, no. 4 (April 2005): 272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0022215054020467.
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A collapsible airway is often the common denominator in sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). The upper respiratory tract includes the nasal passage, nasopharynx, oral cavity, oropharynx, base-of-tongue region and the hypopharynx. It is believed that the highest amount of resistance in the upper respiratory tract is in the nasal cavities, and particularly the nasal valve. Most authors believe that when considering surgical options for patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) it is imperative to correct nasal pathology together with the other sites of airway obstruction. In this retrospective study, I sought to investigate the safety and efficacy of one-stage nasal and multi-level pharyngeal surgery. I compared two groups of patients: group 1, receiving one-stage nasal and multi-level pharyngeal surgery; and group 2, receiving only multi-level pharyngeal surgery. In group 1, nine out of 12 patients (75 per cent) met the criteria for surgical success, with a mean pre-operative apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) decreasing from 36.3 to 8.9 post-operatively (p<0.0002), while in group 2, 25 out of 40 patients met the surgical success criteria (62.5 per cent), with their mean AHI decreasing from 52.6 to 10.2 (p<0.0000). When comparing the surgical success rates between the two groups, it was not statistically significant, at p>0.106. There were no postoperative respiratory-related complications despite having bilateral nasal Merocel (tampon) packing in place (in group 1), and none of the patients in either group had any desaturation, hypoxaemia, apnoea or OSA-related complications. This series suggests that, with adequate post-operative monitoring, it is both safe and efficacious to perform both nasal and multi-level pharyngeal surgery in the one surgical session.
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Sakandar, Gilbert, Juhara Haron, Adam Mohamad, Irfan Mohamad, and Ramiza R. Ramli. "Adult and Pediatric Lateral Lamella Cribriform Plate Height: In Need for a Comparative Study." Allergy & Rhinology 10 (January 2019): 215265671987477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2152656719874775.
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Surgery for sinuses has evolved with the advancement of instruments and modification in techniques. Endoscopes have expanded the surgical roles for lesions in the nose and para-nasal sinuses with reduced rate of complications and cosmetic side effects. Nevertheless sinus surgery in pediatrics patients has its own challenges. Pre-operative imaging is of paramount important especially when embarking on skull base procedures. The differences between adult and pediatric anatomy need to be further studied.
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Helman, Samuel N., Daniel Carlton, Brian Deutsch, Robert Choake, Varun Patel, Satish Govindaraj, Alfred M. C. Iloreta, and Anthony Del Signore. "Geriatric Sinus Surgery: A Review of Demographic Variables, Surgical Success and Complications in Elderly Surgical Patients." Allergy & Rhinology 12 (January 2021): 215265672110107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21526567211010736.
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Objective Demonstrate feasibility, safety and outcome metrics of geriatric sinus surgery (GESS). Study Design Retrospective review of patients undergoing sinus surgery for indication of chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyposis. Setting Tertiary referral center. Participants Patients who underwent FESS from 2008–2017; excluding skull base, craniofacial, or oncologic surgery. Primary study group were patients aged 65 years and older. Patients aged 40–64 years of age were included for comparison. Main Outcomes and Measures: Multivariate analysis was performed to identify independently associated patient characteristics and perioperative variables. Preoperative medical and treatment history, revision and primary surgery, preoperative and post-operative SNOT-22 and NOSE scores, Lund-McKay scores were recorded when available. Post-operative data was assessed at a minimum of two months after the index procedure. Post-operative complications were included. Results Ninety-one (91) patients met criteria. 21.2% of the geriatric patients were taking systemic anticoagulation prior to surgery, and underwent treatment with nasal steroids (25.0%), oral antibiotics (67.7%), nasal irrigations (48.4%), and systemic steroids (37.5%) over an average of 7.3 months prior to surgery. There was an average post-operative reduction of 15.0 points (p < 0.0001) and 42.5 points (p = 0.0008) for SNOT-22 and NOSE scores, respectively. Average operative time was 117.4 minutes in geriatric patients compared to 183.4 minutes in younger patients (p = 0.004), with an average estimated blood loss of 55.6 milliliters (mL) compared to younger patients (111.8 mL) (p = 0.04). Linear regression identified revision surgery as associated with reductions in Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) scores (p = 0.011). Geriatric patients had a shorter operative time (p = 0.011) while male sex was associated with a longer operative time (p = 0.014). Patients over 65 had fewer minor complications (p = 0.01), and there were no major complications in either group. Conclusions and Relevance Geriatric sinus surgery is effective and safe in this cohort of patients.