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Journal articles on the topic 'NB-IoT NETWORKS'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 September 2023

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Matz, Andreas Philipp, Jose-Angel Fernandez-Prieto, Joaquin Cañada-Bago, and Ulrich Birkel. "A Systematic Analysis of Narrowband IoT Quality of Service." Sensors 20, no. 6 (2020): 1636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20061636.

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Narrowband-IoT (NB-IoT) is part of a novel group of access technologies referred to as Low-Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs), which provide energy-efficient and long-range network access to IoT devices. Although NB-IoT Release 13 has been deployed by Mobile Network Operators (MNO), detailed Quality of Service (QoS) evaluations in public networks are still rare. In this paper, systematic physical layer measurements are conducted, and the application layer performance is verified. Special consideration is given to the influence of the radio parameters on the application layer QoS. Additionally,

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Khan, Sikandar Muhammad Zulqarnain, Muhammad Mahtab Alam, Moullec Yannick Le, Alar Kuusik, Sven Parand, and Christos Verikoukis. "An Empirical Modeling for the Baseline Energy Consumption of an NB-IoT Radio Transceiver." IEEE Internet of Things Journal 8, no. 19 (2021): 14756–72. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2021.3072769.

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NarrowBand Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is an emerging cellular IoT technology that offers attractive features for deploying low-power wide-area networks suitable for implementing massive machine-type communications. NB-IoT features include, e.g., extended coverage and deep penetration for massive connectivity, longer battery-life, appropriate throughput, and desired latency at lower bandwidth. Regarding the device energy consumption, NB-IoT is mostly underestimated for its control and signaling overheads, which calls for a better understanding of the energy consumption profiling of an NB-IoT r

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Kadatskaya, O. I., та S. A. Saburova. "Support of resourses redistribution in NB-IоT LTE networks". Radiotekhnika, № 217 (14 червня 2024): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30837/rt.2024.2.217.09.

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The NB-IoT is expected to be used with the deployed LTE network as well as future 5G networks. The rapid development of the IoT concept has entailed the need to provide wireless communication to a huge number of devices included in the infrastructure. As part of the 5G NR standard for such devices, Massive Machine Communications (m MTC) technology is focused on optimizing the use of network resources to support a large number of stable connections per unit area. The Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) has been analyzed to enable the connectivity of a wide range of new IoT devices and servic

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Ugwuanyi, Stephen, Greig Paul, and James Irvine. "Survey of IoT for Developing Countries: Performance Analysis of LoRaWAN and Cellular NB-IoT Networks." Electronics 10, no. 18 (2021): 2224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10182224.

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Recently, Internet of Things (IoT) deployments have shown their potential for aiding the realisation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Concerns regarding how the IoT can specifically drive SDGs 6, 11 and 9 in developing countries have been raised with respect to the challenges of deploying licensed and unlicensed low-power wide area network (LPWAN) IoT technologies and their opportunities for IoT consumers and service providers. With IoT infrastructure and protocols being ubiquitous and each being proposed for different SDGs, we review and compare the various performance characteris

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De Nardis, Luca, Giuseppe Caso, Özgü Alay, Marco Neri, Anna Brunstrom, and Maria-Gabriella Di Benedetto. "Positioning by Multicell Fingerprinting in Urban NB-IoT Networks." Sensors 23, no. 9 (2023): 4266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23094266.

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Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) has quickly become a leading technology in the deployment of IoT systems and services, owing to its appealing features in terms of coverage and energy efficiency, as well as compatibility with existing mobile networks. Increasingly, IoT services and applications require location information to be paired with data collected by devices; NB-IoT still lacks, however, reliable positioning methods. Time-based techniques inherited from long-term evolution (LTE) are not yet widely available in existing networks and are expected to perform poorly on NB-IoT signals

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Salva-Garcia, Pablo, Jose M. Alcaraz-Calero, Qi Wang, Jorge Bernal Bernabe, and Antonio Skarmeta. "5G NB-IoT: Efficient Network Traffic Filtering for Multitenant IoT Cellular Networks." Security and Communication Networks 2018 (December 10, 2018): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9291506.

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Internet of Things (IoT) is a key business driver for the upcoming fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks, which in turn will enable numerous innovative IoT applications such as smart city, mobile health, and other massive IoT use cases being defined in 5G standards. To truly unlock the hidden value of such mission-critical IoT applications in a large scale in the 5G era, advanced self-protection capabilities are entailed in 5G-based Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) networks to efficiently fight off cyber-attacks such as widespread Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. However, insufficient rese

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Feng, Du, and Jia Hongli. "Research on Communication Network Security Based on Narrowband Internet of Things and Encryption Algorithms." Journal of Big Data and Computing 2, no. 2 (2024): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.62517/jbdc.202401215.

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With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) has been widely adopted in smart cities, smart homes, and industrial automation due to its low power consumption, wide coverage, low cost, and high reliability. However, the associated security issues have become a critical factor hindering its further development. This paper aims to explore the security challenges in NB-IoT communication networks using encryption algorithms. Through theoretical analysis and model construction, a comprehensive security solution is proposed. Initially, the paper reviews t

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Zhong, Han, Ruize Sun, Fengcheng Mei, Yong Chen, Fan Jin, and Lei Ning. "Deep Grid Scheduler for 5G NB-IoT Uplink Transmission." Security and Communication Networks 2021 (August 13, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5263726.

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Since the birth of narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), the Internet of Things (IoT) industry has made a considerable progress in the application for smart cities, smart manufacturing, and healthcare. Therefore, the number of UEs is increasing exponentially, which brings considerable pressure to the efficient resource allocation for the bandwidth and power constrained NB-IoT networks. In view of the conventional algorithms that cannot dynamically adjust resource allocation, resulting in a low resource utilization and prone to resource fragmentation, this paper proposes a double deep Q-netwo

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Kadusic, Esad, Natasa Zivic, Christoph Ruland, and Narcisa Hadzajlic. "A Smart Parking Solution by Integrating NB-IoT Radio Communication Technology into the Core IoT Platform." Future Internet 14, no. 8 (2022): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi14080219.

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With the emerging Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, the smart city paradigm has become a reality. Wireless low-power communication technologies (LPWAN) are widely used for device connection in smart homes, smart lighting, mitering, and so on. This work suggests a new approach to a smart parking solution using the benefits of narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) technology. NB-IoT is an LPWAN technology dedicated to sensor communication within 5G mobile networks. This paper proposes the integration of NB-IoT into the core IoT platform, enabling direct sensor data navigation to the IoT ra

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Khan, Sikandar Zulqarnain, Yannick Le Moullec, and Muhammad Mahtab Alam. "An NB-IoT-Based Edge-of-Things Framework for Energy-Efficient Image Transfer." Sensors 21, no. 17 (2021): 5929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21175929.

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Machine Learning (ML) techniques can play a pivotal role in energy efficient IoT networks by reducing the unnecessary data from transmission. With such an aim, this work combines a low-power, yet computationally capable processing unit, with an NB-IoT radio into a smart gateway that can run ML algorithms to smart transmit visual data over the NB-IoT network. The proposed smart gateway utilizes supervised and unsupervised ML algorithms to optimize the visual data in terms of their size and quality before being transmitted over the air. This relaxes the channel occupancy from an individual NB-Io

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Hadi, Muhammad Abdullah, Agung Mulyo Widodo, Gerry Firmansyah, and Habibullah Akbar. "Optimization of Delay Using Killer Whale Algorithm (KWA) on NB-IoT." sinkron 8, no. 4 (2023): 2450–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.33395/sinkron.v8i4.12933.

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Abstract: NB-IoT is designed to connect IoT devices with low-power, wide-area coverage and efficient costs. Ensuring optimal data transmission delay is a challenge in NB-IoT implementation. Inadequate coverage can hinder IoT adoption. Optimization balances energy saving and delay trade-off. The Killer Whale Algorithm (KWA) optimizes delay by adjusting repetition variables. KWA addresses dimensions, variable limits. Applying KWA in NB-IoT optimizes transmission, enhancing QoS. Optimizing delay involves reducing latency in uplink data transmission using repetition variables. This study applies K

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Dangana, Muhammad, Shuja Ansari, Qammer H. Abbasi, Sajjad Hussain, and Muhammad Ali Imran. "Suitability of NB-IoT for Indoor Industrial Environment: A Survey and Insights." Sensors 21, no. 16 (2021): 5284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21165284.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) and its applications in industrial settings are set to bring in the fourth industrial revolution. The industrial environment consisting of high profile manufacturing plants and a variety of equipment is inherently characterized by high reflectiveness, causing significant multi-path components that affect the propagation of wireless communications—a challenge among others that needs to be resolved. This paper provides a detailed insight into Narrow-Band IoT (NB-IoT), Industrial IoT (IIoT), and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) within the context of indoor industrial en

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Mwakwata, Collins Burton, Hassan Malik, Muhammad Mahtab Alam, Yannick Le Moullec, Sven Parand, and Shahid Mumtaz. "Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT): From Physical (PHY) and Media Access Control (MAC) Layers Perspectives." Sensors 19, no. 11 (2019): 2613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19112613.

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Narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT) is a recent cellular radio access technology based on Long-Term Evolution (LTE) introduced by Third-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) for Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWAN). The main aim of NB-IoT is to support massive machine-type communication (mMTC) and enable low-power, low-cost, and low-data-rate communication. NB-IoT is based on LTE design with some changes to meet the mMTC requirements. For example, in the physical (PHY) layer only single-antenna and low-order modulations are supported, and in the Medium Access Control (MAC) layers only one p

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Peruzzi, Giacomo, and Alessandro Pozzebon. "Combining LoRaWAN and NB-IoT for Edge-to-Cloud Low Power Connectivity Leveraging on Fog Computing." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (2022): 1497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031497.

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Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) play crucial roles in the implementation of low-power and low-cost wide area distributed systems. Currently, two enabling technologies are the main competitors within the connectivity field for the Internet of Things (IoT), primarily because of their scalability, wide range and low power features: Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) and Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT). In this paper, a brand new network architecture is presented, which combines both aforementioned technologies. Such a network accounts for sensor nodes, multi-protocol gateways, an a cloud infras

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Beshley, Mykola, Natalia Kryvinska, Marian Seliuchenko, Halyna Beshley, Elhadi M. Shakshuki, and Ansar-Ul-Haque Yasar. "End-to-End QoS “Smart Queue” Management Algorithms and Traffic Prioritization Mechanisms for Narrow-Band Internet of Things Services in 4G/5G Networks." Sensors 20, no. 8 (2020): 2324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20082324.

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This paper proposes a modified architecture of the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) mobile network to provide services for the Internet of Things (IoT). This is achieved by allocating a narrow bandwidth and transferring the scheduling functions from the eNodeB base station to an NB-IoT controller. A method for allocating uplink and downlink resources of the LTE/NB-IoT hybrid technology is applied to ensure the Quality of Service (QoS) from end-to-end. This method considers scheduling traffic/resources on the NB-IoT controller, which allows eNodeB planning to remain unchanged. This paper also proposes

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Hu, Zhenxian, Guangtao Xue, Yichao Chen, Minglu Li, Ming Wang, and Feng Lv. "City-Wide NB-IoT Network Monitoring and Diagnosing." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (April 11, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3153274.

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NarrowBand-IoT (NB-IoT) is a radio-access technology standardized by 3GPP to support a large set of use cases associated with the rapid deployment of massive machine-type communications. NB-IoT facilitates the connection of devices in inaccessible areas, extends battery life, and reduces device complexity. Unfortunately, the opacity of the underlying schema (i.e., the way that these benefits are achieved) makes it very difficult for most users and developers to manage deployment scenarios. In this study, we built an embedded system comprising a Raspberry Pi with an NB module, referred to as NB

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Ndayikunda, Juven. "QUALITY OF SERVICE ASSESSMENT IN LTE NETWORKS WITH A LIMITED NUMBER OF USERS." SYNCHROINFO JOURNAL 6, no. 3 (2020): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2664-066x-2020-6-2-14-19.

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Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is the latest cellular radio access technology that was based on LTE technology and implemented as part of the 3GPP 3GPP 3GPP for Low-power Wide-area Network (LPWAN). The paper considers the features of NB-IoT standards based on the characteristics of the physical and channel layers of NB-IoT technology based on release 14-15 of the 3GPP group. The aim of this work is also to build and study a model for serving heterogeneous traffic in an isolated cell of the LTE standard, which supports the functionality of the Internet of Things IoT (Internet of Things

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Bani-Yaseen, Tahani, Ashraf Tahat, Kira Kastell, and Talal A. Edwan. "Denial-of-Sleep Attack Detection in NB-IoT Using Deep Learning." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 10, no. 3 (2022): 14–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v10n3.532.

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With increasing Internet-of-Things (IoT) protocols and connectivity, a growing number of attacks are emerging in the associated networks. This work presents approaches using deep learning (DL) to detect attacks in an IoT environment, particularly in narrowband Internet-of-Things (NB-IoT). By virtue of its low cost, low complexity and limited energy, an NB-IoT device will not likely permit cutting-edge security mechanisms, leaving it vulnerable to, for example, denial-of-sleep (DoSl) attacks. For performance analysis, a NB-IoT network was simulated, using ns-3, to generate a novel dataset to re

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Hong, Tao, Xiao Yu, Ziwei Liu, Xiaojin Ding, and Gengxin Zhang. "Narrowband Internet of Things via Low Earth Orbit Satellite Networks: An Efficient Coverage Enhancement Mechanism Based on Stochastic Geometry Approach." Sensors 24, no. 6 (2024): 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24062004.

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With the development of IoT technology and 5G massive machine-type communication, the 3GPP standardization body considered as viable the integration of Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) in low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite-based architectures. However, the presence of the LEO satellite channel comes up with new challenges for the NB-IoT random access procedures and coverage enhancement mechanism. In this paper, an Adaptive Coverage Enhancement (ACE) method is proposed to meet the requirement of random access parameter configurations for diverse applications. Based on stochastic geometry the

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Hamdani, Fadil, Misfa Susanto, and Tshiamo Sigwele. "SNR Gain Evaluation in Narrowband IoT Uplink Data Transmission with Repetition Increment: A Simulation Approach." Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research 5, no. 1 (2023): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jesr.v5i1.160.

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Deploying Internet of Things (IoT) on a large scale necessitates widespread network infrastructures supporting Machine Type Communication. Integrating IoT into cellular networks like LTE, known as Narrowband-IoT (NB-IoT), can fulfill this infrastructure need. Standard 3GPP Release 13 introduces NB-IoT's Repetition features, expanding radio transmission coverage while maintaining LTE performance. Focusing on uplink data traffic, this study examines NB-IoT's repetition mechanism, grid resource distribution, and NPUSCH performance through simulations. Results show that at SNR greater than -5 dB,

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Miao, Yiming, Yuanwen Tian, Jingjing Cheng, M. Shamim Hossain, and Ahmed Ghoneim. "RADB: Random Access with Differentiated Barring for Latency-Constrained Applications in NB-IoT Network." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6210408.

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With the development of LPWA (Low Power Wide Area) technology, the emerging NB-IoT (Narrowband Internet of Things) technology is becoming popular with wide area and low-data-rate services. In order to achieve objectives such as huge amount of connection and wide area coverage within NB-IoT, the problem of network congestion generated by random access of numerous devices should be solved. In this paper, we first introduce the background of NB-IoT and investigate the research on random access optimization algorithm. Then we summarize relevant features of NB-IoT uplink and narrowband physical ran

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Anbazhagan, S. "Intelligent Resource Allocation for NB-IoT Networks Using TD3 Reinforcement Learning." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 3 (2025): 589–600. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.67300.

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Compared to previous IoT principles, NB-IoT provides end customers with a higher quality of service (QoS) in an era where everything is connected to the internet. The Third-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) for Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWAN) introduced the narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), a new cellular radio access technology based on Long-Term Evolution (LTE). The main objectives of NB-IoT are to enable low-power, low-cost, and low-data-rate communication and to support massive machine-type communication (mMTC). One of the more difficult tasks in uplink transmission is resou

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Qiu, Wenying, Sijia He, and Weixi Gu. "Research on the Integration of Wireless Sensor Networks Based on IoT Technology." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2477, no. 1 (2023): 012075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2477/1/012075.

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Abstract Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a wireless network formed by a group of sensors with wireless transceiver capabilities, connected in a multi-hop autonomous manner. It has several advantages: low traffic, greater stability, longer wireless communication, and higher coverage areas at a lower cost. The incorporation of new NB-IoT technologies in wireless sensor networks, combining the advantages of both and the establishment of NB-IoT-based wireless sensor networks, has a very promising application in defense and military, medical, intelligent transportation, and commercial applications

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Sanchez-Gomez, Jesus, Dan Garcia-Carrillo, Rafael Marin-Perez, and Antonio Skarmeta. "Secure Authentication and Credential Establishment in Narrowband IoT and 5G." Sensors 20, no. 3 (2020): 882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20030882.

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Security is critical in the deployment and maintenance of novel IoT and 5G networks. The process of bootstrapping is required to establish a secure data exchange between IoT devices and data-driven platforms. It entails, among other steps, authentication, authorization, and credential management. Nevertheless, there are few efforts dedicated to providing service access authentication in the area of constrained IoT devices connected to recent wireless networks such as narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) and 5G. Therefore, this paper presents the adaptation of bootstrapping protocols to be compliant with th

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Abostait, Abdallah, Rania M. Tawfik, M. Saeed Darweesh, and Hassan Mostafa. "Design and FPGA-Based Hardware Implementation of NB-IoT Physical Uplink Shared Channel Transmitter and Physical Downlink Shared Channel Receiver." Electronics 12, no. 9 (2023): 1966. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12091966.

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With the anticipated growth of the internet of things (IoT) market, many low-power wide-area (LPWA) technologies have been introduced to connect a wide range of IoT devices with varying performance requirements. The narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT) is a 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) standardized LPWA technology that meets most IoT service requirements. In this paper, the design and implementation of the physical uplink transmitting chain as well as the physical downlink receiving chain of the NB-IoT user equipment (UE) are presented. Both chains’ main blocks are designed to f

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Andrabi, Umer Mukhtar, Sergey N. Stepanov, Juvent Ndayikunda, and Margarita G. Kanishcheva. "CELLULAR NETWORK RESOURCE DISTRIBUTION METHODS FOR THE JOINT SERVICING OF REAL-TIME MULTISERVICE TRAFFIC AND GROUPED IOT TRAFFIC." T-Comm 14, no. 10 (2020): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2020-14-10-61-69.

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Immense growth in the volumes and multiplicity of data to be collected in future Internet of Things (IoT) applications is one of the crucial challenges for the networking organizations as they develop from 4G+ to true 5G systems. Particularly bulk of this traffic includes complex, unstructured and varied data (Big Data) evolve from smart networking ecosystems (LTE-devices, NB-IoT devices). Although 5G offers many low power wide area technologies (Lora WAN, GSM and NB-IoT etc.), principally NB-IoT seems very promising addressing the problem because of its certain characteristics like high fault

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Althobaiti, Ohood Saud, and Mischa Dohler. "Narrowband-Internet of Things Device-to-Device Simulation: An Open-Sourced Framework." Sensors 21, no. 5 (2021): 1824. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21051824.

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Narrowband-Internet of Things (NB-IoT) displays high-quality connectivity underpinned by fifth-generation (5G) networks to cover a wide array of IoT applications. The devices’ development and integration into different smart systems require permanent control, supervision, and the study of power consumption models to determine the performance of the network topology and allow for the measurement of the efficiency of the network topology’s application. This paper reports on an architecture and open-sourced simulation that was developed to study NB-IoT in Device-to-Device (D2D) mode, which includ

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Metwaly, Samar Shaker, Ahmed M. Abd El-Haleem, and Osama El-Ghandour. "No-Regret Matching Game Algorithm for NOMA Based UAV-Assisted NB-IoT Systems." Ingénierie des systèmes d information 26, no. 1 (2021): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/isi.260108.

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NB-IoT is the standardized technology for machine type communication (MTC) in Long Term Evolution (LTE). NB-IoT can achieve IoT requirements nevertheless, it suffers a low rate and capacity. On the other hand, Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) are promising technology used to enhance the throughput, capacity, and coverage of wireless communication networks. In this paper, we propose a heterogeneous network scenario where a UAV small Base Station (UBS) is used to assist the LTE Macro Base Station (MBS) with the help of the Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access te

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Xu, Jie. "Big NB-IoT Data: Enhancing Portability of Handheld Narrow-Band Internet of Things Performance on Big Data Technology." Mobile Information Systems 2021 (July 12, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1872140.

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The Narrow Band-Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a wideband radio technology developed for the Internet of Things that enables smoother- and farther-reaching connectivity between IoT devices. In addition to traditional network optimization devices, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, its virtue is low cost, and it consumes less energy and has high coverage and extended battery life. In order to secure the balance of task execution latency across NB-IoT devices, in this research work, we design a handheld NB-IoT wireless communication device. Furthermore, we provide realistic resource-sharing methods between mu

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Brinkley, Alex. "Rival Networks Emerge to Capitalise on 5G." New Electronics 51, no. 18 (2019): 34–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/s0047-9624(22)61440-8.

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Rival networks emerge to capitalise on 5G The advent of 5G sees two network standards emerge to exploit the connectivity that it offers. Alex Brinkley considers the performance and merits of NB-IoT and LoRaWAN

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García-Martín, Juan Pablo, and Antonio Torralba. "Model of a Device-Level Combined Wireless Network Based on NB-IoT and IEEE 802.15.4 Standards for Low-Power Applications in a Diverse IoT Framework." Sensors 21, no. 11 (2021): 3718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21113718.

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With the development of the Internet of Things (IoT), Low Data Rate-Personal Area Networks (LR-WPAN) have been deployed for different applications. Now comes the need to integrate these networks in search of greater connectivity, performances, and geographic coverage. This integration is facilitated by the recent deployment of low power wide area networks (LPWAN) in the licensed bands, especially narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) and long-term evolution for machine-type communications (LTE-M), which are standardized technologies that will continue evolving as part of the fifth generation (5G) specificat

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Garcia, Martín Juan Pablo, and Antonio Torralba. "Model of a Device-Level Combined Wireless Network Based on NB-IoT and IEEE 802.15.4 Standards for Low-Power Applications in a Diverse IoT Framework." Sensors 21 (June 7, 2021): 3718. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113718.

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With the development of the Internet of Things (IoT), Low Data Rate-Personal Area Networks (LR-WPAN) have been deployed for different applications. Now comes the need to integrate these networks in search of greater connectivity, performances, and geographic coverage. This integration is facilitated by the recent deployment of low power wide area networks (LPWAN) in the licensed bands, especially narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) and long-term evolution for machine-type communications (LTE-M), which are standardized technologies that will continue evolving as part of the fifth generation (5G) specificat

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Chen, Yating, Lingyun Lu, Xiaohan Yu, and Xiang Li. "Adaptive Method for Packet Loss Types in IoT: An Naive Bayes Distinguisher." Electronics 8, no. 2 (2019): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8020134.

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With the rapid development of IoT (Internet of Things), massive data is delivered through trillions of interconnected smart devices. The heterogeneous networks trigger frequently the congestion and influence indirectly the application of IoT. The traditional TCP will highly possible to be reformed supporting the IoT. In this paper, we find the different characteristics of packet loss in hybrid wireless and wired channels, and develop a novel congestion control called NB-TCP (Naive Bayesian) in IoT. NB-TCP constructs a Naive Bayesian distinguisher model, which can capture the packet loss state

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Wang, Siyu, Trevor J. Odelberg, Peter W. Crary, Mason P. Obery, and David D. Wentzloff. "Low-Power Wake-Up Receivers for Resilient Cellular Internet of Things." Information 16, no. 1 (2025): 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/info16010043.

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Smart Cities leverage large networks of wirelessly connected nodes embedded with sensors and/or actuators. Cellular IoT, such as NB-IoT and 5G RedCap, is often preferred for these applications thanks to its long range, extensive coverage, and good quality of service. In these networks, wireless communication dominates power consumption, motivating research on energy-efficient yet resilient and robust wireless systems. Many IoT use cases require low latency but cannot afford high-power radios continuously operating to accomplish this. In these cases, wake-up receivers (WURs) are a promising sol

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El Mahjoubi, Ahmed, Tomader Mazri, and Nabil Hmina. "NB-IoT and eMTC: Engineering results towards 5G/IoT Mobile Technologies." International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 13, no. 01 (2019): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v13i01.9728.

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5G RF technology is an essential part of the wireless mobile technology. Technically, 5G is predicted to empower people-thing and thing-thing interconnections by combining wireless technologies and networks. Our university has been actively support research on 4G/5G/IoT, in which the NB-IoT, eMTC and Massive Carrier Aggregation new features challenge are of big interest. New 5G trials put forward a lot of prerequisites for new RF interface in terms of radio bandwidth, power issues, as well as the huge number of connections for IoT capacity management and optimization. Based on Morocco’s curren

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Liang, Jia-Ming, Kun-Ru Wu, Jen-Jee Chen, Pei-Yi Liu, and Yu-Chee Tseng. "Energy-Efficient Uplink Resource Units Scheduling for Ultra-Reliable Communications in NB-IoT Networks." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (July 2, 2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4079017.

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For 5G wireless communications, the 3GPP Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is one of the most promising technologies, which provides multiple types of resource unit (RU) with a special repetition mechanism to improve the scheduling flexibility and enhance the coverage and transmission reliability. Besides, NB-IoT supports different operation modes to reuse the spectrum of LTE and GSM, which can make use of bandwidth more efficiently. The IoT application grows rapidly; however, those massive IoT devices need to operate for a very long time. Thus, the energy consumption becomes a critical i

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Mignardi, Silvia, Riccardo Marini, Roberto Verdone, and Chiara Buratti. "On the Performance of a UAV-Aided Wireless Network Based on NB-IoT." Drones 5, no. 3 (2021): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones5030094.

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In recent years, interest in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) as a means to provide wireless connectivity has substantially increased thanks to their easy, fast and flexible deployment. Among the several possible applications of UAV networks explored by the current literature, they can be efficiently employed to collect Internet-of-Things (IoT) data because the non-stringent latency and small-size traffic type is particularly suited for UAVs’ inherent characteristics. However, the implications coming from the implementation of existing technology in such kinds of nodes are not straightforward.

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Ali, Md Sadek, Yu Li, Md Khalid Hossain Jewel, Oluwole John Famoriji, and Fujiang Lin. "Channel Estimation and Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Analysis of Narrowband Internet of Things Uplink Systems." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (July 5, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2570165.

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Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a cellular based promising low-power wide-area network (LPWN) technology standardized by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) in release-13 as a part of the future 5th Generation (5G) wireless communication systems. The main design target of NB-IoT was to enhance radio coverage by repeating signal over an additional period of time for the ultralow-end IoT devices that would be operated in extreme coverage environments. But the power efficiency of the low-cost NB-IoT user equipment (NB-IoT UE) in the uplink is the major concern. Coverage improv

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Lin, Jun, Zhiqi Shen, Chunyan Miao, and Siyuan Liu. "Using blockchain to build trusted LoRaWAN sharing server." International Journal of Crowd Science 1, no. 3 (2017): 270–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcs-08-2017-0010.

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Purpose With the rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) market and requirement, low power wide area (LPWA) technologies have become popular. In various LPWA technologies, Narrow Band IoT (NB-IoT) and long range (LoRa) are two main leading competitive technologies. Compared with NB-IoT networks, which are mainly built and managed by mobile network operators, LoRa wide area networks (LoRaWAN) are mainly operated by private companies or organizations, which suggests two issues: trust of the private network operators and lack of network coverage. This study aims to propose a conceptual archi

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K.Anilkumar*1, &. Dr.Chandrashaker2. "A SURVEY ON IOT AUTOMATED PROTOTYPING WITH SENSOR NETWORKS FOR PÍ RASPBERRY." GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND RESEARCHES 4, no. 6 (2018): 85–90. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1251667.

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By 2020, more than 25 billion devices would be connected via wireless communication. After the fast-growing market in the relevant market (IoT), low-power technologies (LPWA) have become popular. In various LPWA technologies the battery (NB) and a long distance (LoRa) are the biggest technology. Sensor networks on the Internet are many research applications (IoT). An important cost and resource problem in developing the JT Network Sensor solution is the prototype application. In this study, the unique form of Raspberry Pí-pc is widely used as one of the most used prototypes and is widel

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Janssen, Thomas, Rafael Berkvens, and Maarten Weyn. "RSS-Based Localization and Mobility Evaluation Using a Single NB-IoT Cell." Sensors 20, no. 21 (2020): 6172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20216172.

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Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) have the ability to localize a mobile transmitter using signals of opportunity, as a low power and low cost alternative to satellite-based solutions. In this paper, we evaluate the accuracy of three localization approaches based on the Received Signal Strength (RSS). More specifically, the performance of a proximity, range-based and optimized fingerprint-based algorithm is evaluated in a large-scale urban environment using a public Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) network. The results show a mean location estimation error of 340, 320 and 204 m, respec

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Wu, Xiaojun, Qiying Cao, Juan Jin, Yuanjie Li, and Hong Zhang. "Nodes Availability Analysis of NB-IoT Based Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks under Malware Infection." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2019 (January 3, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4392839.

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The Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a main stream technology based on mobile communication system. The combination of NB-IoT and WSNs can active the application of WSNs. In order to evaluate the influence of node heterogeneity on malware propagation in NB-IoT based Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks, we propose a node heterogeneity model based on node distribution and vulnerability differences, which can be used to analyze the availability of nodes. We then establish the node state transition model by epidemic theory and Markov chain. Further, we obtain the dynamic equations of t

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Shabrova, Anna Sergeevna, Maxim Andreevich Knyazev, and Alexander Vladimirovich Kolesnikov. "Dynamic RACH-Slot Allocation for Collision Minimization in NB-IoT Networks Based on Reinforcement Learning Algorithms." Программные системы и вычислительные методы, no. 2 (February 2025): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0714.2025.2.73848.

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The subject of this research is the adaptive management of access to Random Access Channels (RACH) in Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) networks, which frequently face congestion due to high device density and limited channel capacity. The study focuses on the practical application of Reinforcement Learning algorithms, specifically Q-learning and Deep Q-Network (DQN), to address this issue. The authors thoroughly examine the problem of RACH overload and the resulting collisions that cause delays in data transmission and increased energy consumption in connected devices. The article analyz

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Saavedra, Edgar, Asuncion Santamaria, Guillermo del Campo, and Igor Gomez. "Leveraging IoT Harmonization: An Efficacious NB-IoT Relay for Integrating 6LoWPAN Devices into Legacy IPv4 Networks." Applied Sciences 14, no. 8 (2024): 3411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14083411.

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The burgeoning complexity and heterogeneity of IoT networks, coupled with their rapid growth, constant evolution, and new players, present significant challenges in terms of connectivity, interoperability, management, and usability. These networks, composed of a diverse array of devices, technologies and the like, demand innovative solutions to bridge the gaps between different IoT technologies and communication protocols. This article presents a simple, yet efficacious communication Relay to address one of these critical gaps. This Relay uses NB-IoT to ease the integration of 6LoWPAN-based Io

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Singh, Ritesh Kumar, Priyesh Pappinisseri Puluckul, Rafael Berkvens, and Maarten Weyn. "Energy Consumption Analysis of LPWAN Technologies and Lifetime Estimation for IoT Application." Sensors 20, no. 17 (2020): 4794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20174794.

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The spectrum of Internet of Things (IoT) applications is exponentially growing, driving the demand for better energy performance metrics. In conjunction, Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) have evolved as long-range connectivity enabler with low management cost. The integration of LPWAN communication assists in reliable IoT operation with extended lifetime. Notable LPWAN technologies that contend for many of the IoT applications are LoRaWAN, DASH7, Sigfox, and NB-IoT. Most of the end-devices such as sensors and actuators are battery powered, therefore investigating energy consumption becomes

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Hendricks, Waldon, and Boniface Kabaso. "Evaluating Signal Quality and System Performance in NB-IoT Communications." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 12, no. 2 (2024): 115–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v12n2.955.

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The expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) has created a need for reliable and fault-tolerant communication networks. However, ensuring consistent signal quality and power efficiency has proven to be challenging. This study evaluated the performance of Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) communications using the SIM7020 module connected to a Raspberry Pi 4 Model B, focusing on signal quality across indoor, outdoor, urban and rural areas. Supervised machine learning for indoor localisation based on Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) has been introduced, for example, to enhance NB-IoT performance.

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Gbadamosi, Safiu Abiodun, Gerhard P. Hancke, and Adnan M. Abu-Mahfouz. "Building Upon NB-IoT Networks: A Roadmap Towards 5G New Radio Networks." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 188641–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3030653.

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Mahalingam, Anandaraj, Ganeshkumar Perumal, Gopalakrishnan Subburayalu, et al. "ROAST-IoT: A Novel Range-Optimized Attention Convolutional Scattered Technique for Intrusion Detection in IoT Networks." Sensors 23, no. 19 (2023): 8044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23198044.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) has significantly benefited several businesses, but because of the volume and complexity of IoT systems, there are also new security issues. Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) guarantee both the security posture and defense against intrusions of IoT devices. IoT systems have recently utilized machine learning (ML) techniques widely for IDSs. The primary deficiencies in existing IoT security frameworks are their inadequate intrusion detection capabilities, significant latency, and prolonged processing time, leading to undesirable delays. To address these issues, thi

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Nashiruddin, Muhammad Imam, Maruli Tua Baja Sihotang, and Muhammad Ary Murti. "Comparative study of low power wide area network based on internet of things for smart city deployment in Bandung city." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 25, no. 1 (2022): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v25.i1.pp425-439.

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Smart city implementation, such as smart energy and utilities, smart mobility &amp; transportation, smart environment, and smart living in urban areas is expanding rapidly worldwide. However, one of the biggest challenges that need to be solved is the selection of the appropriate internet of things (IoT) connectivity technologies. This research will seek for the best candidate low power wide area network (LPWAN) technologies such as long-range wide area network (LoRaWAN), narrow-band internet of things (NB-IoT), and random phase multiple access (RPMA) for IoT smart city deployment in Bandu

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Hadjadj-Aoul, Yassine, and Soraya Ait-Chellouche. "Access Control in NB-IoT Networks: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Strategy." Information 11, no. 11 (2020): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11110541.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) is a key enabler of the digital mutation of our society. Driven by various services and applications, Machine Type Communications (MTC) will become an integral part of our daily life, over the next few years. Meeting the ITU-T requirements, in terms of density, battery longevity, coverage, price, and supported mechanisms and functionalities, Cellular IoT, and particularly Narrowband-IoT (NB-IoT), is identified as a promising candidate to handle massive MTC accesses. However, this massive connectivity would pose a huge challenge for network operators in terms of sca

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