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Journal articles on the topic 'NbC carbide'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Hong, Jae Keun, Nho Kwang Park, Seong Jun Kim, and Chung Yun Kang. "Microstructures of Oxidized Primary Carbides on Superalloy Inconel 718." Materials Science Forum 502 (December 2005): 249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.502.249.

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The oxidation behavior of carbides on Inconel 718 surface was investigated. Oxidation tests were performed at the temperature range of 300 to 650°C. Two types of carbide, NbC and TiC were detected, and the amount of NbC was significantly higher than that of TiC. The oxidation of NbC started at the carbide surface and the matrix interface, and propagated into the interior of the carbide and eruption subsequently occurred with increasing oxidation time. In case of TiC, the oxidation occurred at the outer surface of the carbide and the matrix interface, but did not propagated into the interior of
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2

Kolli, R. Prakash, and David N. Seidman. "Co-Precipitated and Collocated Carbides and Cu-Rich Precipitates in a Fe–Cu Steel Characterized by Atom-Probe Tomography." Microscopy and Microanalysis 20, no. 6 (2014): 1727–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927614013221.

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AbstractThe composition of co-precipitated and collocated NbC carbide precipitates, Fe3C iron carbide (cementite), and Cu-rich precipitates are studied experimentally by atom-probe tomography (APT). The Cu-rich precipitates located at a grain boundary (GB) are also studied. The APT results for the carbides are supplemented with computational thermodynamics predictions of composition at thermodynamic equilibrium. Two types of NbC carbide precipitates are distinguished based on their stoichiometric ratio and size. The Cu-rich precipitates at the periphery of the iron carbide and at the GB are la
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3

Uhlmann, E. Prof, K. Kropidlowski, D. Hinzmann, P. Meier, L. Prasol, and M. Woydt. "Drehen mit Niobcarbid-basierten Werkzeugen*/Turning with niobium carbide based tools – Wear investigations of niobium carbide in comparison to tungsten carbide on iron-based materials." wt Werkstattstechnik online 108, no. 01-02 (2018): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2018-01-02-20.

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Niobcarbid (NbC) stellt aufgrund vorteilhafter Eigenschaften, wie zum Beispiel eine geringe Diffusionsneigung, in der Zerspanung eine vielversprechende Alternative zu konventionellen Schneidstoffen wie Wolframcarbid (WC) dar. Als Substitution der Hartstoff-Phase WC im Hartmetall wird NbC in der trockenen Drehbearbeitung von eisenbasierten Werkstoffen untersucht. Diesbezüglich wurden zwei NbC-Substrate mit WC hinsichtlich ihres Werkzeugverschleißes quantitativ verglichen. Im Gegensatz zu WC-Werkzeugen wird das Potential von NbC bei zunehmender Schnittgeschwindigkeit vc durch eine steigende Proz
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4

Acchar, Wilson, and Harim Revoredo de Macedo. "Influence of NbC-Addition on Mechanical Properties of WC-Co." Materials Science Forum 498-499 (November 2005): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.498-499.363.

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Cemented carbides have been intensively used as cutting tool through their high hardness, high fracture toughness and high wear resistance. A considerable amount of works has been developed in order to improve the mechanical properties of alternate cemented carbide systems. This work has the purpose to reports the first results obtained to WC-Co reinforced with 5 wt.% NbC. The mixture of powders was hot-pressed at 1250 °C in a inert atmosphere. Hardness and fracture toughness were carried out in a Vickers hardness testing machine. The results have showed that the addition of niobium carbide im
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5

Bouleghlem, Mohamed, Moussa Zahzouh, Mohamed Hamidouche, Abdelyamine Boukhobza, and Mamoun Fellah. "Microstructural and Mechanical Investigation of WC-TiC-Co Cemented Carbides Obtained by Conventional Powder Metallurgy." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 45 (November 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.45.1.

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WC-Co cemented carbide is one of the widely hard materials used for cutting in machining industry, due to its microstructural and mechanical stability even at high temperature. However, diffusion wear is the most serious problem that WC-Co suffers from. One of the most applied approaches to improve the WC–Co cemented carbide performances is the addition of transition metal carbides such as: TiC, TaC and NbC which prevents diffusion wear thanks to the gamma phase (Ti,Ta,Nb,W)C which is formed during sintering. Therefore, and in order to understand the thermal metallurgical reactions occurred be
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6

Zhang, Congyan, Uttam Bhandari, Jialin Lei, et al. "Performance of Carbide Alloy Compounds in Carbon Doped MoNbTaW." Crystals 11, no. 9 (2021): 1073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11091073.

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In this work, the performance of the carbon doped compositionally complex alloy (CCA) MoNbTaW was studied under ambient and high pressure and high temperature conditions. TaC and NbC carbides were formed when a large concentration of carbon was introduced while synthesizing the MoNbTaW alloy. Both FCC carbides and BCC CCA phases were detected in the sample compound at room temperature, in which the BCC phase was believed to have only refractory elements MoNbTaW while FCC carbide came from TaC and NbC. Carbides in the carbon doped MoNbTaW alloy were very stable since no phase transition was obt
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7

Chen, Zhong Bing, Jian Lin Zhang, Zhi Qiang Sun, and Xiang Hong Yao. "Analysis of Precipitates in Welded Joint of TP347H Stainless Steel." Key Engineering Materials 881 (April 2021): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.881.25.

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The precipitates in welded joint heat affected zone (HAZ) and base metal of TP347H stainless steel were observed and analyzed by SEM, TEM and EPMA. The results show that precipitate of NbC can be observed in welded joint HAZ in as-welded, and more NbC precipitate in high temperature service. The size of primary NbC in base metal ranges from tens of nanometers to hundreds of nanometers, but only tens of nanometers of the precipitated NbC. The fine precipitate of NbC is mainly distributed in the crystal, however, continuous distribution of NbC is also observed on the grain boundary of the servic
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8

Murakami, Masahiro, Nobuo Nakada, Toshihiro Tsuchiyama, Setsuo Takaki, and Yoshitaka Adachi. "Multiple Precipitation Behavior of Niobium Carbide and Copper in Martensitic Steel." Advanced Materials Research 89-91 (January 2010): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.89-91.395.

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The multiple precipitation behavior of NbC and Cu particles in martensitic structure was investigated by using 0.05C-0.46Nb-2Cu-1.5Mn steel (NbC-Cu steel). Additionally, 0.05C-0.45Nb-2Mn steel (NbC steel) and 2Cu-5Mn steel (Cu steel) were also prepared to examine the respective precipitation behaviors of NbC and Cu. Aging treatment at 873K after quenching revealed that these steels exhibit typical age hardening. Comparing the NbC steel and Cu steel in the precipitation rate, the Cu precipitated much faster than the NbC. On the other hand, the peak hardness in NbC-Cu steel is higher than that b
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9

Shi, Baoming, Shiming Huang, Ping Zhu, Changen Xu, and Tengfei Zhang. "Microstructure and Wear Behavior of In-Situ NbC Reinforced Composite Coatings." Materials 13, no. 16 (2020): 3459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13163459.

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In the present study, plasma spray welding was used to prepare an in-situ niobium carbide (NbC) reinforced Ni-based composite coating on the low carbon steel, and the phase composition and the microstructure of the composite coatings were studied. The wear resistance and the wear mechanism of the composite coatings were also researched by the wear tests. The results showed that the main phases of the composite coating were NbC, γ-Ni, Cr23C6, Ni3Si, CrB, Cr5B3, Cr7C3 and FeNi3. A number of fine in-situ NbC particles and numerous chromium carbide particles were distributed in the γ-Ni matrix. Th
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10

Cuppari, Marcio, and Sydney Santos. "Physical Properties of the NbC Carbide." Metals 6, no. 10 (2016): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met6100250.

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11

Dahan, I., and M. P. Dariel. "Structural Evolution of Nb/NbC Multilayer Coatings." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 879–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.879.

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The present communication is concerned with the interdiffusion kinetics and the interface breakdown that take place in the Nb/NbC multilayer system as the result of thermal annealing in the 400-800oC temperature range. Within this temperature range carbon is the diffusing species. Carbon diffuses from the carbide layer into the adjacent Nb layer, depleting its concentration within the carbide, causing the nucleation and subsequent growth of an intermediate Nb2C layer and decreasing the width of the original Nb layer. TEM examination of the cross-sections of the multilayer specimens provides da
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12

Teixeira da Silva, V. L. S., M. Schmal, V. Schwartz, and S. T. Oyama. "Synthesis of a Mo/Nb mixed carbide." Journal of Materials Research 13, no. 7 (1998): 1977–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1998.0278.

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Molybdenum and niobium carbides (β−Mo2C, NbC), as well as mixed carbides of molybdenum and niobium, were synthesized by the temperature-programmed carburization method (TPC) using a 20 vol% CH4/H2 gas mixture. The starting materials were MoO3, B-Nb2O5, and physical mixtures of B-Nb2O5/MoO3 with Nb/(Nb + Mo) atomic ratios varying from 0.2 to 0.8, respectively. Results from catalytic and temperatureprogrammed oxidation (TPO) measurements indicate that during the carburization of the Nb2O5/MoO3 physical mixture with Nby(Nb + Mo) = 0.8 there is, besides β−Mo2C and NbC formation, the appearance of
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13

Zong, Lin, Yinglong Zhao, Shiteng Long, and Ning Guo. "Effect of Nb Content on the Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Fe-12Cr-xNb-4C Coatings Prepared by Plasma-Transferred Arc Welding." Coatings 10, no. 6 (2020): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10060585.

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The Fe-Cr-C coatings with different levels of Nb addition were prepared on carbon steel by a plasma transferred arc (PTA) weld-surfacing process and their microstructure and properties were investigated. As the Nb content increases from 8.96% to 12.55%, the coating gradually changes from a hypereutectic structure (martensite, austenite matrix, primary NbC and eutectic γ+M7C3) to a near eutectic structure (γ+M7C3 and NbC) and finally a hypoeutectic structure (primary γ, γ+M7C3 and NbC). As the Nb content increases, the hardness and wear resistance of the coating first increase and then decrease
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14

Zhong, Li Sheng, Yun Hua Xu, Na Na Wang, Xiao Jie Liu, Fang Xia Ye, and Shan Shan Hu. "Infiltration Casting and In Situ Fabrication of NbC Particulates – Reinforced Iron Matrix Composites." Advanced Materials Research 284-286 (July 2011): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.284-286.269.

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Niobium carbide (NbC) particulates -reinforced iron matrix composites were prepared by in- situ fabrication method combining an infiltration casting with a subsequent heat treatment. The microstructure and wear-resistance of NbC particulate-reinforced iron matrix composites were studied using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and wear testing. The results indicate that at 1172 °C for 3 hours NbC particulate-reinforced iron matrix composites were fabricated, and the size of NbC reinforcement was 0.3–3.5 μm. The relative wear resistance of the composites was 5.4 times higher than
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15

Huang, Gen Zhe, and Zeng Hui Li. "Effect of Vanadium and Niobium on the Microstructure of Carbide Reinforced Indefinite Chilled Cast Rolls." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 864–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.864.

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In the present work, effects of elements vanadium and niobium on the microstructure of the conventional indefinite chilled rolls made by small vertical centrifugal caster were investigated, using optical microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM, Jeol 6400), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDXS, Cu-K radiation) to identify the type, morphology, and to measure the volume fraction and the distribution of carbides and graphites formed during solidification. Microstructural analysis indicates that, the amount of graphite is dramatically reduced by adding V element. The volume fraction o
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16

Gao, Yuan Fei, Zhao Hui Huang, Kai Chen, Ming Hao Fang, and Yang Gai Liu. "Microstructure and Properties Evaluation of WTi(C,N)-06 Cemented Carbide with TaC and NbC." Key Engineering Materials 492 (September 2011): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.492.97.

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A WTi(C,N)-06 cemented carbide with TaC and NbC is studied as the research objective in this paper. The phase composition of the cemented carbide was analyzed by using XRD method, and the microstructure of the cemented carbide was studied and evaluated by using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. According to the comparison with a general-grained cemented carbide, the addition of TaC and NbC can suppress the grain growth of WC crystal, and it is also good for improving mechanism performance. The average grain size of WTi(C,N)-06 cemented carbide is 2.1μm, density 12.9g/cm3, ha
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17

Kropidlowski, K., E. Uhlmann, M. Woydt, G. Theiler, and T. Gradt. "Niobcarbid statt Wolframcarbid/Niobium carbide (NbC) instead of tungsten carbide (WC). Potential as an alternative cutting material in turning of C45E, 42CrMo4+QT and AlSi9Cu4Mg." wt Werkstattstechnik online 109, no. 11-12 (2019): 862–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2019-11-12-64.

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Als mögliche Substitution des konventionellen Hartmetalls Wolframcarbid (WC), wird Niobcarbid (NbC) für den Einsatz in Zerspanwerkzeugen getestet. Es werden verschiedene NbC-Spezifikationen verwendet, die sich in der chemischen Zusammensetzung und den mechanischen Eigenschaften unterscheiden. Trockene Außenrunddrehversuche an Kohlenstoffstahl C45E, Zahnradstahl 42CrMo4+QT und der Aluminiumlegierung AlSi9Cu4Mg werden durchgeführt, um verschiedene NbC-Schneidstoffe mit handelsüblichen WC-Werkzeugen zu vergleichen. Um die Auswirkung einer höheren thermomechanischen Belastung während der Bearbeitu
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18

Zhang, Kan, Su Xuan Du, Ping Ren, Chao Quan Hu, Mao Wen, and Wei Tao Zheng. "Preparation and Microstructure, Mechanical, Tribological Properties of Niobium Carbide Films." Materials Science Forum 898 (June 2017): 1498–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.898.1498.

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Niobium carbide films was deposited by direct current reactive magnetron sputtering on Si (001) substrates in discharging a mixture of CH4/Ar gas. The effects of growth temperature (Ts) and methane flow rate (FCH4) on the phase structure, composition, mechanical and tribological properties for NbCx films were explored. For the film grown at FCH4=6 sccm, a phase transition from cubic-NbC phase to hexagonal-Nb2C phases occurred with increasing the Ts; In contrast, when the film deposited at FCH4=16 sccm, only the cubic-NbC phase was observed at different Ts. The surface of all the films became r
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19

Gubernat, Agnieszka. "Description of Carbides Sintering Process Using Kuczynski and Frenkel Sintering Models." Advances in Science and Technology 62 (October 2010): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.62.209.

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This work presents measurements concerning sintering description according to two the: Kuczynski and Frenkel models. Investigation covered selected metal–like carbides: TiC0,8, NbC and WC. Kinetic equations were also developed, according to Kuczynski model to describe sintering of each carbide and it was attempted to determine mechanisms of mass transport mechanism dominating at each sintering stage. Parameters describing sintering process of each of investigated carbides: α and β constants, the initial shrinkage rate α-1, the limit of shrinkage at infinite time β-1 and initial apparent viscos
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20

Wan Omar, Wan Mohd Hilmi Hussein, Nurulhuda Bashirom, Zuhailawati Hussain, Indra Putra Almanar, and Wan Abdul Rahman Assyahid Wan Ibrahim. "Characterization of In Situ Cu-NbC-VC Nanocomposite by Mechanical Alloying and Microwave Sintering." Applied Mechanics and Materials 695 (November 2014): 344–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.695.344.

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This paper presents a study on the characterization of physical and electrical properties of Niobium Carbide (NbC) and Vanadium Carbide (VC) in Copper (Cu) matrix by mechanical alloying (MA) technique. The elemental powders of Cu, Niobium (Nb), Vanadium (V) and synthetic graphite powder were mechanically alloyed for 30 hours at 400 rpm in a planetary ball mill according to the stoichiometric ratio of Cu-(10-x) vol%NbC-(0+x) vol%VC (x=0,1,3,5,7,9) under Argon atmosphere. The as-milled powder were compacted at 400 MPa and sintered using microwave sintering furnace at 900°C with 1 hour soaking ti
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21

Akhtar, Farid. "High Volume Fraction Carbide Reinforced Copper Matrix Composites for Sliding Contact Applications." Materials Science Forum 561-565 (October 2007): 627–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.561-565.627.

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This study deals with the processing, microstructure and properties of the carbide reinforced copper matrix composites. Powder technology was used to successfully fabricate the composites. NbC particulates were used as reinforcements for copper matrix. The microstructure of the composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The microstructural study revealed that the NbC particles were distributed uniformly in the matrix phase. No interface debonding and micro- cracks were observed in the composite. NbC particles were found in round shape in copper matrix composite. The composite
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22

Fontes, F. A. O., K. K. P. Gomes, Francisca de Fatima P. Medeiros, C. P. Souza, J. F. Sousa, and Uilame Umbelino Gomes. "Synthesis of Niobium Carbide from Ammonium Niobium (V) Oxalate Precursor at Low Temperature in Rotating Cylinder Reactor." Materials Science Forum 498-499 (November 2005): 747–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.498-499.747.

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The reaction of oxalic precursor {(NH4)3[NbO(C2O4)3]H2O}, was prepared from the Nb2O5, to niobium carbide (NbC) were performed in a rotating cylinder reactor scale-lab designed to niobium carbide powders synthesis at low temperature (1173 K). The NbC was prepared by a oxalic precursor and as well of commercial niobium pentoxide under flowing CH4- H2 mixtures. The reactor was heated through a bi-partied electric furnace with programmable temperature. The reaction overall time was determined from the curve of methane absorption evolution by gas chromatograph (FID) analysis. The preliminary resul
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23

Wyzga, Piotr, Lucyna Jaworska, Piotr Putyra, Marcin Podsiadlo, and Jolanta Cyboron. "Characterization of Metal-Like Carbides-Graphene Composite Prepared by SPS Method." Key Engineering Materials 655 (July 2015): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.655.87.

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High hardness, good thermal and electrical conductivity make carbides technologically important materials. The high melting temperature and low coefficients of self-diffusion make it difficult to obtain full dense material. In this paper the results of Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) of transition metal carbides: NbC, TaC, TiC, ZrC, VC with the addition of graphene 10-20 nm x 14 microns in an amount of 2.5 mass % are presented. Powders were mixed in isopropyl alcohol in a planetary ball mill for 1h. The sintering processes was carried out at 2200°C at two different times: 5 and 30 min. Microstruc
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24

Antonello, Rodrigo Tecchio, Oscar Olimpio de Araújo Filho, Cezar Henrique Gonzalez, U. S. L. Filho, and Francisco Ambrozio Filho. "Synthesis of Niobium Carbide (NbC) by Powder Metallurgy High Energy Milling Technique." Materials Science Forum 660-661 (October 2010): 443–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.660-661.443.

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The aim of this work is to obtain and characterize the Niobium Carbide (NbC) by a suitable high energy milling technique using a SPEX Mill vibratory type and niobium and carbon (graphite) powders. Since this carbide is scarced in the national market and it’s necessary to apply this NbC as a reinforcement in two molybdenum high speed steels (AISI M2 and AISI M3:2) object of another work motivated this research. The powders were submitted to a high energy milling procedure for suitable times and conditions and then were characterized by means of Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray dif
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25

Jalaly, Maisam, Francisco José Gotor, and María Jesús Sayagués. "Mechanochemical combustion synthesis of vanadium carbide (VC), niobium carbide (NbC) and tantalum carbide (TaC) nanoparticles." International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 79 (February 2019): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2018.12.011.

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26

Guo, Chunli, Yitai Qian, and Pengju Han. "Carbide Nanoparticles Encapsulated in the Caves of Carbon Nanotubes by an In Situ Reduction-Carbonization Route." Journal of Nanomaterials 2011 (2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/987530.

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Carbides (TiC, WC, and NbC) nanoparticles fully encapsulated in the caves of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized via an in situ reduction-carbonization route at 600∘C in an autoclave. The structural features and morphologies of as-obtained products were investigated using by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). HRTEM studies showed that the average diameter of CNTs encapsulated with carbide nanoparticles are in the range of 15–40 nm. The reaction temperature, the reaction time, and the metal catalyst are found to pl
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27

Yaney, D. L., and A. Joshi. "Reaction between niobium and silicon carbide at 1373 K." Journal of Materials Research 5, no. 10 (1990): 2197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1990.2197.

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The reaction zone formed between niobium and silicon carbide during heating for 4 h at 1373 K was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The typical reaction layer sequence is SiC/Nb5Si4C/Nb5Si3/Nb2C/NbO/Nb. However, in one area of the specimen, the first reaction layer was NbC rather than Nb5Si4C. The high oxygen and carbon concentrations near the outer surface were shown by AES depth profiling to result from carbon and oxygen contamination from the vacuum system during annealing. In order to determine if the observed reaction layer sequence
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28

Lima, Maria Jose S., M. V. M. Souto, A. S. Souza, et al. "Synthesis of Nanostructured Tungsten Carbide (WC) from Ammonia Paratungstate-APT and its Characterization by XRD and Rietveld Refinement." Materials Science Forum 899 (July 2017): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.899.31.

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The carbides of refractory metals like tungsten carbide (WC), tantalum carbide (TaC) and niobium carbide (NbC), has been extensively studied due to their applications in several areas of industry, because of their specific properties; such as high melting point, high hardness, wear resistance, oxidation resistance and good electrical conductivity. The tungsten carbide, particularly, is generally used at hardmetal industries due to its high hardness and wear resistance. New synthesis techniques have been developed to reduce the synthesis temperature of refractory metal carbides using more react
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CHENG, Qian, Haiyan CHEN, Yue HOU, Li FAN, Lihua DONG, and Yansheng YIN. "Wear and Corrosion Properties of Plasma Transferred Arc Ni-based Coatings Reinforced with NbC Particles." Materials Science 27, no. 3 (2021): 294–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j02.ms.24211.

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The wear and corrosion resistance of Ni-based niobium carbide (NbC) coatings were investigated via scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, particle size analysis, X-ray diffraction, electrochemical polarization, electrochemicl impedance spectroscopy, digital microhardness testing and wear testing. The results showed that the substrate was mainly composed of a γ-Cr (Fe) solid solution, and the composite coating was composed of FeNi, NbC, and Ni. In addition, the hardness of the coating increased gradually with increasing NbC content. The optimal corrosion resistance and we
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30

Funakawa, Yoshimasa, Kazuhiro Seto, and Haruo Nakamichi. "Strengthening of Ferritic Steel by Interface Precipitated Carbides in Rows." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 3218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.3218.

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Precipitation-strengthening is widely applied to high strength steel sheet for automotive use since several strength grades are easily achieved by controlling amount of microalloyed component. Recently, finer carbide dispersion has been required to obtain higher strength by smaller addition of carbide formers like titanium and niobium. Here, interface precipitation, one of the carbide formation phenomena during γ→α transformation, can be the efficient method to promote very fine carbides by lowering precipitation temperature. This study deals with relationship between transformation temperatur
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31

Yan, Li, Gang Qin Shao, Z. Xiong, Xiao Liang Shi, Xing Long Duan, and T. G. Wang. "Properties of Carbide-Metal Cermets Prepared from Composite Powders by Direct Reduction and Carburization Process." Key Engineering Materials 368-372 (February 2008): 1099–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.368-372.1099.

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The transition-metal carbide cemented by metal has excellent combined properties. In this study, cermets were prepared by vacuum sintering from carbide-metal composite powders. The transition- metal oxides (Cr2O3, MoO3, V2O5, Nb2O5 and TiO2), cementing-metal oxides (Co3O4 and NiO), and carbon black were used as raw materials to pre-synthesize composite powders such as Cr3C2-Co, Mo2C-Co, VC-Co, NbC-Co and TiC-Ni, by a direct reduction and carburization process in vacuum. Results show that the participation of Co3O4 and NiO as well as the vacuum circumstance were greatly propitious to the carbur
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Wan Omar, Wan Mohd Hilmi Hussein, Nurulhuda Bashirom, Zuhailawati Hussain, Indra Putra Almanar, and Wan Abdul Rahman Assyahid Wan Ibrahim. "The Synthesis of In Situ Cu-NbC-VC Nanocomposites by Mechanical Alloying." Applied Mechanics and Materials 695 (November 2014): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.695.151.

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This paper presents a study on the synthesis of Niobium Carbide (NbC) and Vanadium Carbide (VC) in Copper (Cu) matrix by mechanical alloying (MA) technique. The elemental powders of Cu, Niobium (Nb), Vanadium (V) and synthetic graphite powder were mechanically alloyed for 30 hours at 400 rpm in a planetary ball mill Fritcsh “Pulverisette 6” according to the stoichiometric ratio of Cu-(10-x) vol%NbC-(0+x) vol%VC (x=1,3,5,7,9). The milling was performed under Argon atmosphere. The as-milled powder were compacted at 400 MPa and sintered using a microwave sintering furnace at 900°C with 1 hour soa
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Cai, Xiao Long, Li Sheng Zhong, Jie Fang Wang, Tian Tian Shao, Na Na Zhao, and Yun Hua Xu. "Microstructure and Hardness of NbC Coating Produced In Situ." Advanced Materials Research 1120-1121 (July 2015): 745–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1120-1121.745.

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The niobium carbide (NbC) coating on gray cast iron has been produced by in situ which combined infiltration casting and heat treatment. The microstructural observations of the coating have been obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). And the growth mechanism of NbC grain was studied. The results show that the mechanism is orientation connection which means two particles of the same lattice orientation will be directly connected together and oriented attachment growth. Fine NbC grain can improve the nanohardness value of the coating with 23 GP
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Wang, Xin, Li Sheng Zhong, Na Na Zhao, Vladimir E. Ovcharenko, and Yun Hua Xu. "A General Process for In Situ Formation of Iron-Matrix Composites Reinforced by Carbide Ceramic." Materials Science Forum 852 (April 2016): 461–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.852.461.

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Ceramic particles (such as VC, NbC, TiC, and WC), which exhibit high hardness and thermal stability, can be used for in situ fabrication of carbide-reinforced iron matrix composites with high macro-hardness and toughness. In this study, we describe a novel in situ process comprising infiltration casting and heat treatment to form carbide-reinforced iron matrix composites with hard ceramic particles. Our proposed approach was used to integrate different alloy wires, which can easily form carbides, into the metal matrix and cast a known amount of carbon, such as gray cast iron, ductile cast iron
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Chen, Ke, Xiaowei Huang, Zhuoxi Zhang, et al. "Low temperature pseudomorphic synthesis of nanocrystalline carbide aerogels for electrocatalysis." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 22 (2015): 11745–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta00427f.

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Wentzcovitch, Alexandre, Francisco Ambrozio Filho, Luís Carlos Elias da Silva, and Maurício David Martins das Neves. "Sintering of AISI M2 High Speed Steel with the Addition of NbC." Materials Science Forum 727-728 (August 2012): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.727-728.90.

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The influence of adding 6 wt% (NbC) niobium carbide on the sintering temperature and microstructure of high speed steel - AISI M2(0.87% C, 5.00% Mo, 6.00% W, 4,00% Cr, 2.00% V and Fe bal.) powder was studied. The starting material was obtained by vacuum melting followed by atomization in water. The samples were axially cold compacted in a cylindrical matrix and then vacuum sintered at 1250 and 1350 °C. Dilatometry and differential scanning calorimetry measurements indicated an increase in sintering temperature with addition of niobium to the AISI M2steel. Optical and scanning electron microsco
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Abdel Rahim, Gladys Patricia, and Jairo Arbey Rodríguez. "Structural and Electronic Properties of ScC and NbC: A First Principles Study." Solid State Phenomena 194 (November 2012): 276–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.194.276.

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We study the structural and electronic properties of scandium carbide ScC and niobium carbide NbC in both the sodium chloride rock salt (NaCl) and wurtzite structures by means of accurate first principles total energy calculations. The calculations were performed employing the full-potential linearized plane wave method (FP-LAPW). We used the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) of Perdew Burke and Ernzerhof for the exchange and correlation potential. Volume optimization and density of states including spin (DOS) of the systems are presented.
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Trombini, Vania, Ana Helena Almeida Bressiani, Elíria Maria de Jesus Agnolon Pallone, and Roberto Tomasi. "Utilization of NbC Nanoparticles Obtained by Reactive Milling in Production of Alumina Niobium Carbide Nanocomposites." Advances in Science and Technology 63 (October 2010): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.63.257.

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The increased interest in nanostructured materials is due to improvements in the mechanical properties presented for these materials. Significant increases in properties such as hardness, wear resistance and in some cases, strength and toughness of nanostructured ceramics have been reported, compared to conventional ceramics. High-energy milling can lead to selfsustaining reactions in a variety of systems. In this study, reactive high-energy milling was used to synthesis niobium carbide (NbC) nanoparticles. The reaction products were de-agglomerated and mixed with commercial ultra-fine alumina
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Al-Azzawi, A., F. Kristály, Á. Rácz, P. Baumli, K. Bohács, and G. Mucsi. "Mechanical alloying of iron-coated NbC and Si in stirred media mill." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 55, no. 2 (2019): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb181124016a.

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In the current research, the effect of mechanical alloying (MA) of iron-coated NbC and Si on the material?s fineness and crystal structure was investigated. The MA experiments were carried out in a batch-type laboratory scale stirred media mill for various residence times up to 240 min in isopropanol. During MA, milling energy was measured, and stress energy (SE) was calculated. Morphology and material structural changes, during the mechanical alloying process, were determined by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The particle size dis
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Lecomte-Beckers, Jacqueline, and Jérôme Tchoufang Tchuindjang. "Structural Investigations of Solidification and Heat Treatments Influence on High Alloyed Cast Irons Grades with Nb-V-Ti Additions." Defect and Diffusion Forum 289-292 (April 2009): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.289-292.77.

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Two High Alloyed Cast Irons (HACI) were studied, both belonging to the Fe-C-Cr-Si-X system where X represented a strong carbide forming element. One of these alloys was obtained after adding Nb, V and Ti to the chemical composition of the other alloy. Raw materials originated from spun cast rolls for hot strip mill were submitted to different heat treatments routes, in order to study the influence of alloying elements on the microstructure. Both HACI grades contained a mixture of martensite and retained austenite matrix in the as-cast conditions and after quenching. Differential Thermal Analys
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Pastukhov, Vladimir I., Sergey S. Khvostov, and Mikhail L. Lobanov. "Effect of Grain Boundaries Type on Carbides Precipitates in Tempered Martensite." Materials Science Forum 946 (February 2019): 368–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.946.368.

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Different types of carbide phases and regions of their precipitation in tempered martensite of austenitic steel have been investigated with orientation microscopy (EBSD) and electron microprobe analysis. The steel structure consisted of large grains of high-temperature ferrite (~ 15%), without visible mesostructured, and martensite packages with a great number of low-angle boundaries. High-angle boundary spectrum with the most prominent coincidence site lattice (CSL) boundaries, Σ3, Σ11, Σ25b, Σ33с Σ41с, is typical for martensite. This spectrum, resulted from austenite transformation by shear
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Muralimanokar, M., Vignesh R. Vaira, R. Padmanaban, and Priyadharshini G. Suganya. "Characterization of AZ31-NbC surface composite fabricated by friction stir processing." Koroze a ochrana materialu 64, no. 1 (2020): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kom-2020-0005.

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AbstractAZ31D magnesium alloy is widely used in automotive, aircraft, and aerospace applications because of its high strength to weight ratio. However, the softness of the alloy results in higher wear rate and the high activity results in higher corrosion rate. With an aim of reducing the wear rate and corrosion rate of AZ31 alloy, surface composite of AZ31 alloy is fabricated by reinforcing niobium carbide (NbC) by friction stir processing. The microstructure and dispersion of the reinforcements in AZ31-NbC surface composite is analysed by optical microscopy. In addition, the microhardness an
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Yate, Luis, L. Emerson Coy, Guocheng Wang, et al. "Tailoring mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of flexible niobium carbide nanocomposite thin films." RSC Adv. 4, no. 106 (2014): 61355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra11292j.

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Ahn, Sun Yong, H. Kim, and Shin Hoo Kang. "Effect of Secondary Carbide Addition on Properties of Ti(C0.7N0.3)-Ni Cermets." Materials Science Forum 534-536 (January 2007): 1165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.534-536.1165.

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The effect of WC or NbC addition on various properties of Ti(C0.7N0.3)-Ni cermets was investigated. The microstructure of Ti(C0.7N0.3)-xWC-20Ni showed a typical core/rim structure, irrespective of the WC content, whereas the structure of Ti(C0.7N0.3)-xNbC-20Ni was different and was dependent on the NbC content. The hardness (HV) and the fracture toughness (KIC) had a tendency to increase marginally, while the coercive force (HC) and the magnetic saturation (4πσ) decreased gradually with an increase in WC or NbC content in the systems studied. In addition, increasing WC content in Ti(C0.7N0.3)-
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45

Siwak, Piotr. "Indentation Induced Mechanical Behavior of Spark Plasma Sintered WC-Co Cemented Carbides Alloyed with Cr3C2, TaC-NbC, TiC, and VC." Materials 14, no. 1 (2021): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14010217.

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The focus of this paper is on examining the mechanical behavior of spark plasma sintered WC-Co based composites doped with Cr3C2, TaC-NbC, TiC, and VC, as well as defining some parameters characterizing deformation and fracture processes during hardness measurement. The calculated microhardness of WC-Co cemented carbides for all the studied compositions is found to be higher than the results obtained during hardness testing. Therefore, the ratio of the experimental and calculated values of microhardness is shown to be an approximate indication of WC-Co cemented carbide sensitivity to damage pr
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Huang, S. G., J. Vleugels, H. Mohrbacher, and M. Woydt. "Effect of Ti(C0.7N0.3) Content on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ni Bonded NbC-Ti(C0.7N0.3) Based Cermets." Solid State Phenomena 274 (May 2018): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.274.43.

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NbC-xTi (C0.7N0.3)-10Ni-7.5VC (vol%) based cermets with 0, 5, 10, 15 or 25 vol% Ti (C0.7N0.3) were prepared by conventional pressureles liquid phase sintering at 1420°C in vacuum. Detailed microstructural investigation was performed by SEM, EPMA and XRD analysis. Sintering results indicated that the partial replacement of NbC by Ti (C0.7N0.3) had a significant effect on the carbide grain growth, microstructure, hardness as well as fracture toughness of the fully densified NbC-based cermets. The Ti (C0.7N0.3)-free NbC cermet was composed of homogeneous cubic (Nb,V)C solid solution grains, where
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Guguloth, Krishna, Jaganathan Swaminathan, Sumanta Bagui, and Ashok Kumar Ray. "Remnant Life Assessment and Microstructural Studies on Service Exposed Primary Reformer Tubes of a Catalytic Converter of an Ammonia Plant." High Temperature Materials and Processes 31, no. 6 (2012): 759–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2012-0016.

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Abstract13.5 year service exposed (SE) catalyst primary reformer tube material made of H39WM micro-paralloy grade used in feritilizer plant was assessed for remaining life. The investigation includes mechanical properties evaluation; microstructural analysis and accelerated stress rupture tests. Failed tube portions showed coarsening primary carbides of Chromium and Niobium along the grain boundaries. Degradation of Niobium carbide (NbC) into Ni-Nb-Si phase and partial conversion this phase back to NbC was observed. Secondary carbides within grains were almost absent. Degradation in tensile st
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Bodrova, Liudmyla, Halyna Kramar, Yaroslav Kovalchuk, Sergiy Marynenko, and Ihor Koval. "Structure Formation of Polycarbide-Based TiC-VC(NbC)-WC/nano WC Hard Alloys." Boundary Field Problems and Computer Simulation 57 (January 18, 2019): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/bfpcs.2018.005.

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The process of structure formation in the alloys of the system TiC-VC(NbC)-NiCr with the alloying additions of the fine or nano WC, depending on the chemical composition and sintering temperature using the optical microscopy, SEM and XRD analysis, is investigated in this paper. The core/rim structure alloys were found irrespective of the amount of tungsten carbide additions. The research suggests that the adding of nano WC causes decrease in carbide grains, redistribution of the elements in the core and rim, and decrease in sintering temperature by 50–100 °С. Tika pētīts struktūru veidošanas p
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da Costa Morais, Luara, Flavio Beneduce, Rodrigo Magnabosco, and Tiago Ramos Ribeiro. "Use of DICTRA® simulations to support carbide particle growth study in NbC-Ni cemented carbide." International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 94 (January 2021): 105373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2020.105373.

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Huang, S. G., R. L. Liu, L. Li, O. Van der Biest, and J. Vleugels. "NbC as grain growth inhibitor and carbide in WC–Co hardmetals." International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 26, no. 5 (2008): 389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2007.09.003.

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