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Journal articles on the topic 'NEAR FIELD REGION'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Lin, R. T., S. Y. Huang, Z. G. Yuan, et al. "Observation of Interchange Reconnection on Mars." Astrophysical Journal 960, no. 1 (2023): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad0e62.

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Abstract Without a global dipole magnetic field, Mars has magnetic anomalies, i.e., crustal fields, in the southern hemisphere and interesting flexible magnetic fields in the magnetotail. The magnetic field topology is complex and flexible in the Martian magnetotail, especially over regions of strong crustal fields. However, the answer to how the magnetic field topology within crustal field regions transitions is elusive. Here we report the first case of interchange reconnection between open and closed crustal fields in the near-Mars magnetotail, using Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (M

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2

Liu, Jing, Yifan Shen, and Kang Dai. "Measurement of the Effective Nonradiative Relaxation Rate near a Metallic Film." International Journal of Spectroscopy 2010 (August 12, 2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/704183.

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We have studied the effective nonradiative relaxation rate of the hyperfine level near a metallic film with diode laser-induced retrofluorescence spectroscopy and saturated-absorption spectroscopy technique. The glass-vapor interface is considered as two distinct regions, a wavelength-thickness vapor layer joined to the surface and a more remote vapor region. The total experimental retrofluorescence signal is the summation of the signal originating from the far-field region and the signal originating from the near-field region . Considering the thermalization of atoms in the far-field region,

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Sharma, Shishir, Sameer Maharjan, Shreedhar K. C., and Dipendra Gautam. "Seismic Fragility of Medium‐Rise Soft Story SMRF Building Under Near Field, Fling Step, and Far Field Excitations." Earthquake Engineering and Resilience 4, no. 1 (2025): 149–62. https://doi.org/10.1002/eer2.70004.

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ABSTRACTMedium‐rise soft story special moment resisting frame (SMRF) buildings can be found in many active seismic regions worldwide. This paper assesses seismic vulnerability of medium rise soft story SMRF building from a highly active seismic region under near field, fling step, far field, and mixed strong motion excitations. Fragility functions are derived for peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV), and spectral acceleration (Sa) as intensity measures (IM) to identify possible anomalies in the selection of IMs while performing seismic vulnerability analyses. The results

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Xiao, Luyin, Yongjun Xie, Shida Gao, Junbao Li, and Peiyu Wu. "Generalized Radar Range Equation Applied to the Whole Field Region." Sensors 22, no. 12 (2022): 4608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22124608.

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Most terahertz (THz) radar systems can only work in the near-field region, because the THz source power is limited and the size of the target scattered near field is up to tens of kilometers. Such conditions will result in the conventional radar range equation being unsuitable. Therefore, the near-field radar cross section (RCS) formula is given according to the numerical simulation on different targets. By modifying the parameters in the near field, including the gain of radar antennas and the RCS of targets, the generalized radar range equation is proposed. The THz radar working efficiency i

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Cham, Rex Yui Kei, and Wallace Wai Lok Lai. "An Experimental Study of GPR Near-Field Problem in Depth Ranging of Buried Objects." Advances in Civil Engineering 2023 (October 4, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6865847.

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We evaluate the often neglected ranging (or cover depth) error of an object located within the Fresnel Region (or called radiating near-field) and reactive near-field region in ground penetrating radar (GPR). The experiments were conducted in concrete specimens with various rebar cover depths from 10 to 80 mm, which imitates any object imaged by GPR from reactive near-field, Fresnel region to far-field region. Velocities of each individual data point of the hyperbolic reflections of the embedded reinforcement in radargram are calculated by developed algorithms based on common offset antenna an

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6

Laybros, S., P. F. Combes, and H. J. Mametsa. "The "very-near-field" region of equiphase radiating apertures." IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 47, no. 4 (2005): 50–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/map.2005.1589874.

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7

Kim, Jae Hee, Byung Song Lee, Chan Bae Park, Jin Kyu Bang, and Chi-Hyung Ahn. "Efficient two dipole antenna alignment in near-field region." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 57, no. 4 (2015): 933–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.28987.

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8

Paesler, M. A., H. D. Hallen, B. I. Yakobson, C. J. Jahncke, P. O. Boykin, and A. Meixner. "Near-Field Optical Spectroscopy: Enhancing the Light Budget." Microscopy and Microanalysis 3, S2 (1997): 815–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600010965.

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The near-field scanning optical microscope, or NSOM, provides spectroscopists with resolution beneath the diffraction limit. In the NSOM, an optical aperture smaller than the wavelength λ of the probe radiation is scanned in the near-field of a sample. Pixels are serially gathered and then constituted as a computer-generated image. Spectroscopic NSOM investigations demonstrating sub-λ, resolution include studies of photoluminescence, Raman spectroscopy, and single molecule fluorescence. Results of nano-Raman spectroscopy on semiconducting Rb-doped KTP are shown in figure 1. Figure la is a topo

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9

Kim, Woobin, Hyeong-Rae Im, Yeong-Hoon Noh, et al. "Near-Field to Far-Field RCS Prediction on Arbitrary Scanning Surfaces Based on Spherical Wave Expansion." Sensors 20, no. 24 (2020): 7199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20247199.

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Near-field to far-field transformation (NFFFT) is a frequently-used method in antenna and radar cross section (RCS) measurements for various applications. For weapon systems, most measurements are captured in the near-field area in an anechoic chamber, considering the security requirements for the design process and high spatial costs of far-field measurements. As the theoretical RCS value is the power ratio of the scattered wave to the incident wave in the far-field region, a scattered wave measured in the near-field region needs to be converted into field values in the far-field region. Ther

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10

Abu Hamed, Mohammad, and Ehud Yariv. "Boundary-induced electrophoresis of uncharged conducting particles: near-contact approximation." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 465, no. 2106 (2009): 1939–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2008.0533.

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A zero net charge ideally polarizable particle is suspended within an electrolyte solution, nearly in contact with an uncharged non-polarizable wall. This system is exposed to a uniform electric field that is applied parallel to the wall. Assuming a thin Debye thickness, the induced-charge electro-osmotic flow is investigated with the goal of obtaining an approximation for the force experienced by the particle. Singular perturbations in terms of the dimensionless gap width δ are used to represent the small-gap singular limit δ ≪1. The fluid is decomposed into two asymptotic regions: an inner g

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11

Betzig, E., A. Harootunian, M. Isaacson, and A. Lewis. "Near-field scanning optical microscopy." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 44 (August 1986): 642–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100144644.

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In general, conventional methods of optical imaging are limited in spatial resolution by either the wavelength of the radiation used or by the aberrations of the optical elements. This is true whether one uses a scanning probe or a fixed beam method. The reason for the wavelength limit of resolution is due to the far field methods of producing or detecting the radiation. If one resorts to restricting our probes to the near field optical region, then the possibility exists of obtaining spatial resolutions more than an order of magnitude smaller than the optical wavelength of the radiation used.

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12

Hu, Shihang, Quanming Lu, Yukang Shu, San Lu, Kai Huang, and Jia Nan. "Electrostatic Field Formed by Charge Separation in Antiparallel Magnetic Reconnection." Astrophysical Journal 986, no. 1 (2025): 43. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/add694.

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Abstract The Hall effect resulting from the decoupled motions between ions and electrons is a critical factor in modeling collisionless magnetic reconnection. It leads to the production of charge separation in the reconnection plane, generating the electrostatic field with components perpendicular and parallel to the magnetic field. In this paper, using a 2.5-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation, we investigate the formation of the charge separation in antiparallel magnetic reconnection. The charge separation is formed in three regions: the electron inflow region and the dipolarization fron

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13

Kusakabe, Nobuhiko, Motohide Tamura, and Ryo Kandori. "Magnetic fields in massive star forming regions: wide-field NIR polarimetry of M42 and Mon R2." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 4, S259 (2008): 97–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921309030154.

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AbstractMagnetic fields are believed to play an important role in star formation. We observed M42 and Mon R2 massive star forming regions using the wide-field (8′ × 8′) near-infrared imaging polarimeter SIRPOL in South Africa. Magnetic fields are mapped on the basis of dichroic polarized light from hundreds of young stars embedded in the regions. We found “hourglass shaped” magnetic field structure toward OMC-1 region, which is very consistent with magnetic fields traced by using dust emission polarimetry at sub-mm to FIR wavelengths. In the Mon R2 region, we found “S-shaped” magnetic field st

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14

JAROENSUTASINEE, K., and G. ROWLANDS. "Charged-particle orbits near a magnetic null point." Journal of Plasma Physics 64, no. 3 (2000): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377800008461.

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An approximate analytical expression is obtained for the orbits of a charged particle moving in a cusp magnetic field. The particle orbits pass close to or through a region of zero magnetic field before being reflected in regions where the magnetic field is strong. Comparison with numerically evaluated orbits shows that the analytical formula is surprisingly good and captures all the main features of the particle motion. A map describing the long-time behaviour of such orbits is obtained.

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15

Pfeifer, Serge, Arya Fallahi, Jingtian Xi, Esra Neufeld, and Niels Kuster. "Forward Transformation from Reactive Near-Field to Near and Far-Field at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies." Applied Sciences 10, no. 14 (2020): 4780. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10144780.

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With the advent of 5G mobile communications at millimeter-wave frequencies, the assessment of the maximum averaged power density on numerous surfaces close to the transmitter will become a requirement. This makes phasor knowledge about the electric and magnetic fields an inevitable requirement. To avoid the burdensome measurement of these field quantities in the entire volume of interest, phase reconstruction algorithms from measurements over a plane in the far-field region are being extensively developed. In this paper, we extended the previously developed method of phase reconstruction to ev

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16

Sadr, Reza, and Joseph C. Klewicki. "Flow field characteristics in the near field region of particle-laden coaxial jets." Experiments in Fluids 39, no. 5 (2005): 885–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00348-005-0024-6.

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17

Chaplin, William J., Rachel Howe, Sarbani Basu, et al. "Sensitivity of low-degree solar p modes to active and ephemeral regions: frequency shifts back to the Maunder minimum." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters 489, no. 1 (2019): L86—L90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slz132.

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ABSTRACT We explore the sensitivity of the frequencies of low-degree solar p modes to near-surface magnetic flux on different spatial scales and strengths, specifically to active regions with strong magnetic fields and ephemeral regions with weak magnetic fields. We also use model reconstructions from the literature to calculate average frequency offsets back to the end of the Maunder minimum. We find that the p-mode frequencies are at least 3 times less sensitive (at 95 per cent confidence) to the ephemeral-region field than they are to the active-region field. Frequency shifts between activi

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18

Stupazzini, M., J. de la Puente, C. Smerzini, M. Kaser, H. Igel, and A. Castellani. "Study of Rotational Ground Motion in the Near-Field Region." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 99, no. 2B (2009): 1271–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120080153.

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19

D'Agostino, F., F. Ferrara, C. Gennarelli, G. Riccio, and C. Savarese. "Directivity Computation by Spherical Spiral Scanning in Near Field Region." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 19, no. 10 (2005): 1343–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156939305775525927.

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20

DE GOUVEIA DAL PINO, E. M., G. KOWAL, L. H. S. KADOWAKI, P. PIOVEZAN, and A. LAZARIAN. "MAGNETIC FIELD EFFECTS NEAR THE LAUNCHING REGION OF ASTROPHYSICAL JETS." International Journal of Modern Physics D 19, no. 06 (2010): 729–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271810016920.

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One of the fundamental properties of astrophysical magnetic fields is their ability to change topology through reconnection and in doing so, to release magnetic energy, sometimes violently. In this work, we review recent results on the role of magnetic reconnection and associated heating and particle acceleration in jet/accretion disk systems, namely young stellar objects (YSOs), microquasars, and active galactic nuclei (AGNs).

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21

Goodarzi Ardakani, Vahid, Xin Tu, Alberto M. Gambaruto, et al. "Near-Wall Flow in Cerebral Aneurysms." Fluids 4, no. 2 (2019): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids4020089.

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The region where the vascular lumen meets the surrounding endothelium cell layer, hence the interface region between haemodynamics and cell tissue, is of primary importance in the physiological functions of the cardiovascular system. The functions include mass transport to/from the blood and tissue, and signalling via mechanotransduction, which are primary functions of the cardiovascular system and abnormalities in these functions are known to affect disease formation and vascular remodelling. This region is denoted by the near-wall region in the present work, and we outline simple yet effecti

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22

Chiu, Po-Jui, Wei-Chung Cheng, Dong-Chen Tsai, and Zuo-Min Tsai. "Robust and fast near-field antenna measurement technique." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 8, no. 4-5 (2016): 777–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078716000581.

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Traditional near-field antenna measurements use the sampling theorem to reconstruct the antenna pattern perfectly. However, a large number of measurement points are required for this approach. To address this problem, in this study, we propose a technique to accelerate the near-field antenna measurement, which is achieved by sparse E-field sampling in the region where the E-field changes smoothly and dense sampling in the region where the field changes rapidly. Further, our approach ensures robustness of measurement; the E-field information need not be known before carrying out measurements. O

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23

Baumgartner, Paul, Anna Masiero, Christian Riener, and Thomas Bauernfeind. "Simulation Based Poynting Vector Description of the Field Regions for Simple Radiating Structures." Electronics 11, no. 13 (2022): 1967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11131967.

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Estimating the coupling properties between a radiating structure and other conductive elements, the field behavior of the radiating source is essential to know. One well-known classification of the field behavior are the field-regions around antennas, namely, the far-field, the radiating near-field, and the reactive near-field. The different kinds of near-fields are distinguished by the reactive and radiating parts of the electromagnetic field, whereas in the far-field region the field behaves as a plane wave in the direction of propagation. One way to describe these field characteristics is t

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24

Yang, Ching Been, Hsiu Lu Chiang, and Chein Chung Chen. "Simulative Analysis of Carry Out Fontusing near Field Photolithography." Applied Mechanics and Materials 120 (October 2011): 418–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.120.418.

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Adopting the concepts of integration and cumulative sum of exposure energy in the intersecting region between two fabricated line segments, an analytical method of exposure energy density equation for near field photolithography of font fabrication is established. At the same time, cutting photoresist into limited nodes, together with the use of the integral equation of exposure energy density and Mack’s developing model, the full-width at half maximum (FWHM) and fabrication profile of font can be calculated. As analyzed in the study, in the intersecting region between two fabricated line segm

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25

SL͎IK, Jozef. "Measurement of the electric field intensity in the near-field region with proposed electromagnetic field probe." PRZEGLĄD ELEKTROTECHNICZNY 1, no. 2 (2016): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15199/48.2016.02.27.

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26

Hanna, Saba A., Yuichi Motai, Walter Varhue, and Steve Titcomb. "Measurement evaluations of static and low frequency magnetic fields in the near field region." Measurement 44, no. 8 (2011): 1412–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2011.05.008.

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27

Puterbaugh, S. L., and W. W. Copenhaver. "Flow Field Unsteadiness in the Tip Region of a Transonic Compressor Rotor." Journal of Fluids Engineering 119, no. 1 (1997): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2819097.

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An experimental investigation concerning tip flow field unsteadiness was performed for a high-performance, state-of-the-art transonic compressor rotor. Casing-mounted high frequency response pressure transducers were used to indicate both the ensemble averaged and time varying flow structure present in the tip region of the rotor at four different operating points at design speed. The ensemble averaged information revealed the shock structure as it evolved from a dual shock system at open throttle to an attached shock at peak efficiency to a detached orientation at near stall. Steady three-dim

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28

Zaccaria, M. A., and B. Lakshminarayana. "Unsteady Flow Field Due to Nozzle Wake Interaction With the Rotor in an Axial Flow Turbine: Part II—Rotor Exit Flow Field." Journal of Turbomachinery 119, no. 2 (1997): 214–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2841104.

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The two-dimensional steady and unsteady flow field at midspan in a turbine rotor has been investigated experimentally using an LDV with an emphasis on the interaction of the nozzle wake with the rotor flow field. The velocity measurements are decomposed into a time-averaged velocity, a periodic velocity component, and an unresolved velocity component. The results in the rotor passage were presented in Part I. The flow field downstream of the rotor is presented in this paper. The rotor wake profiles and their decay characteristics were analyzed. Correlations are presented that match the decay o

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29

Dang, Jiaojiao, Yuan Luo, Zuxun Song, Baoping Wang, and Chufeng Hu. "The Truncation Region to Predict the Far-Field RCS From the Bistatic Near Field." IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility 60, no. 5 (2018): 1463–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/temc.2018.2801786.

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30

Heisig, S., O. Rudow, and E. Oesterschulze. "Scanning near-field optical microscopy in the near-infrared region using light emitting cantilever probes." Applied Physics Letters 77, no. 8 (2000): 1071–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1289261.

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31

Isaacson, M. "Resolution in near-field optical microscopy." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 49 (August 1991): 454–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s042482010008657x.

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It has only been within the last half decade that the concept of super resolution microscopy in the near-field has been vigorously pursued and experimentally demonstrated. However, the idea of optical resolution unhindered by far field diffraction limitations was conceived more than a half century ago by Synge and further elaborated by O'Keefe in the fifties. That die method was possible, however, was only first demonstrated using 3cm wavelength microwaves almost 20 years later.The basic principles of the method of near field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) have been described before in the

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32

Gao, Yuanyuan, Weizong Wang, Yifei Li, Guobiao Cai, and Shuwen Xue. "Mode transition of the cylindrical Hall thruster with the near-anode cusp magnetic field." Plasma Sources Science and Technology 31, no. 4 (2022): 045004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/ac5c5d.

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Abstract There are two distinct discharge modes in a 200 W cylindrical Hall thruster with the near-anode cusp magnetic field. In mode I, a divergent plume is observed at a low discharge voltage. When the discharge voltage rises over 280 V, an apparent discharge mode transition occurs along with the sharp decreasing of discharge current (by 9.9%) and electron current (by 26%) and apparent narrowing of plume angle (by 12%), bringing a convergent plume (mode II). In mode I, the most probable ion energy of ion energy distribution function declines monotonically with the increasing of plume angle.

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Xiao, Xinwen, Andrew A. McCarter, and Budugur Lakshminarayana. "Tip Clearance Effects in a Turbine Rotor: Part I—Pressure Field and Loss." Journal of Turbomachinery 123, no. 2 (2000): 296–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1368365.

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This paper presents an experimental investigation of the effects of the tip clearance flow in an axial turbine rotor. The effects investigated include the distribution and the development of the pressure, the loss, the velocity, and the turbulence fields. These flow fields were measured using the techniques of static pressure taps, rapid response pressure probes, rotating five-hole probes, and Laser Doppler Velocimeter. Part I of this paper covers the loss development through the passage, and the pressure distribution within the passage, on the blade surfaces, on the blade tip, and on the casi

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34

Weerawarna, Nethmini Thilakshi, Udaka Manawadu, and P. Ravindra S. De Silva. "Sociable Robot ‘Lometh’: Exploring Interactive Regions of a Product-Promoting Robot in a Supermarket." Journal of ICT Research and Applications 17, no. 1 (2023): 58–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/itbj.ict.res.appl.2023.17.1.5.

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The robot ‘Lometh’ is an information-presenting robot that naturally interacts with people in a supermarket environment. In recent years, considerable effort has been devoted to the implementation of robotic interfaces to identify effective behaviors of communication robots focusing only on the social and physical factors of the addresser and the hearer. As attention focus and attention target shifting of people differs based on the human visual focus and the spatiality, this study considered four interactive regions, considering the visual focus of attention as well as the interpersonal space

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35

Heiles, Carl. "The Magnetic Field Near the Local Bubble." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 166 (1997): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100071037.

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AbstractThere are almost no direct observational indicators of the magnetic field inside the local bubble. Just outside the bubble, the best tracers are stellar polarization and HI Zeeman splitting. These show that the local field does not follow the large-scale Galactic field. Here we discuss whether the deformation of the large-scale field by the local HI shells is consistent with the observations. We concentrate on the Loop 1 region, and find that the field lines are well-explained by this idea; in addition, the bright radio filaments of Radio Loop 1 delineate particular field lines that ar

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36

Koyanaka, Shigeki, and Shigehisa Endoh. "Study on the Movement of Fine Particles in Near-field Region." Hosokawa Powder Technology Foundation ANNUAL REPORT 12 (2004): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14356/hptf.02104.

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Burinskaya, T., V. Pivovarov, E. Indenbom, D. Schriver, and M. Ashour-Abdalla. "Electrostatic waves near the field reversal region in the Earth's magnetotail." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 101, A8 (1996): 17337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96ja01082.

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Zhu, Xing, Yong Ling, Gui-song Huang, et al. "Laser Induced Light-Force Interaction in the Optical Near-Field Region." Chinese Physics Letters 15, no. 3 (1998): 165–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/15/3/004.

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39

Mínguez-Vega, G., M. Fernández-Alonso, E. Tajahuerce, J. Lancis, Z. Jaroszewicz, and P. Andrés. "Chromatic compensation in the near-field region: shape and size tunability." Applied Optics 44, no. 32 (2005): 6933. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.44.006933.

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40

Hu, Li, Hongxia Dai, Fayin Cheng, and Yuxia Tang. "Controllable and switchable chiral near-fields in symmetric graphene metasurfaces*." Chinese Physics B 30, no. 12 (2021): 127303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ac2e5d.

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A strong chiral near-field plays significant roles in the detection, separation and sensing of chiral molecules. In this paper, a simple and symmetric metasurface is proposed to generate strong chiral near-fields with both circularly polarized light and linearly polarized light illuminations in the mid-infrared region. Owing to the near-field interaction between plasmonic resonant modes of two nanosheets excited by circularly polarized light, there is a strong single-handed chiral near-field in the gap between the two graphene nanosheets and the maximum enhancement of the optical chirality cou

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41

Chen, Hao, Qifeng Liu, Yongming Li, Chen Huang, Huaiqing Zhang, and Yinxiang Xu. "Research on the Method of Near-Field Measurement and Modeling of Powerful Electromagnetic Equipment Radiation Based on Field Distribution Characteristics." Energies 16, no. 4 (2023): 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16042005.

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With the wide application of power equipment consisting of high switching frequencies and large current switching devices in the integrated power system on ships, the low-frequency radiation interference caused by the powerful electromagnetic equipment becomes more and more serious. Establishing an equivalent model of radiation interference based on the near-field measurement data is the key to subsequent electromagnetic compatibility design. Due to the large size of the equipment, there will be many measurement points in the near-field measurement area, which leads to long testing times and l

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42

Schultz, Sheldon. "Near-field plasmon-resonance scanning microscopy." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 53 (August 13, 1995): 48–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100136611.

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In the past few years the field of near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) has developed rapidly with applications spanning all the physical sciences. A key goal of this form of microscopy is to obtain resolution at levels well beyond those possible with the usual far-field optics. In contrast to far-field optics, which is bounded by the well known limits imposed by diffraction, near-field optics has no "in principle" fundamental lower limit in lateral size, at least down to atomic dimensions, although in practice, signal-to-noise considerations may restrict the application of NSOM to a

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Huang, Hongwei, Jingkang Shi, Fei Wang, Dongming Zhang, and Dongmei Zhang. "Theoretical and Experimental Studies on the Signal Propagation in Soil for Wireless Underground Sensor Networks." Sensors 20, no. 9 (2020): 2580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20092580.

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Wireless Underground Sensor Networks (WUSNs), an important part of Internet of things (IoT), have many promising applications in various scenarios. Signal transmission in natural soil undergoes path loss due to absorption, radiation, reflection and scattering. The variability and dynamic of soil conditions and complexity of signal attenuation behavior make the accurate estimation of signal path loss challenging. Two existing propagation models for predicting path loss are reviewed and compared. Friis model does not consider the reflection loss and is only applicable in the far field region. Th

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Wu, Shen-Chun, and Yau-Ming Chen. "Phase-Averaged Method Applied to Periodic Flow Between Shrouded Corotating Disks." International Journal of Rotating Machinery 9, no. 4 (2003): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1023621x03000277.

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This study investigates the coherent flow fields between corotating disks in a cylindrical enclosure. By using two laser velocimeters and a phase-averaged technique, the vortical structures of the flow could be reconstructed and their dynamic behavior was observed. The experimental results reveal clearly that the flow field between the disks is composed of three distinct regions: an inner region near the hub, an outer region, and a shroud boundary layer region. The outer region is distinguished by the presence of large vortical structures. The number of vortical structures corresponds to the n

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Apostol, Bogdan Felix. "Near-Field Seismic Motion: Waves, Deformations and Seismic Moment." Axioms 11, no. 8 (2022): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms11080409.

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The tensorial force acting in a localized seismic focus is introduced and the corresponding seismic waves are derived, as solutions of the elastic wave equation in a homogeneous and isotropic body. The deconvolution of the solution for a structured focal region is briefly discussed. The far-field waves are identified as P and S seismic waves. These are spherical-shell waves, with a scissor-like shape, and an amplitude decreasing with the inverse of the distance. The near-field seismic waves are spherical-shell waves, decreasing with the inverse of the squared distance. The amplitudes and the p

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Tamaoki, Shohei, Koji Sugitani, and Takayoshi Kusune. "Near-IR imaging polarimetry of the RCW 106 cloud complex." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 14, A30 (2018): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319003648.

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AbstractWe have carried out near-IR imaging polarimetry toward RCW 106 with the JHKs-simultaneous imaging polarimeter SIRPOL mounted on the IRSF 1.4m telescope at SAAO, in March and May, 2017 and January, 2018. We have observed 29 fields and covered mostly the southern part of the giant molecular cloud complex associated with the ${{\rm{H}}_\mathbb{I}}$ region RCW 106, which is located at a distance of 3.5 kpc (Moises etal 2011) and is elongated approximately in the north-south direction with a size of ∼70×15 pc. Our preliminary analysis indicates that the magnetic field seems to globally run

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Guan, Jin Fa, Song Sheng Deng, and Wei Xing Hua. "Numerical Simulation of Flow Field of Cavitating Water Jet in Angel Nozzle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 203 (October 2012): 438–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.203.438.

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Physical model of angle nozzle was established. Based on the CFD software of FLUENT, the flow field about cavitating water jet in angle nozzle was simulated by use of mixture model, Singhal complete cavitation model, RNG turbulent model and SIMPLEC algorithm. The simulation results show that there are two low pressure regions and two regions of high volume fraction of steam in angle nozzle. The region of high volume fraction of steam corresponds with low pressure region. The region of high volume fraction of steam mainly lies near the exit of column section and approximates to a semicircle. In

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Malhat, H. Abd El-Azem, S. Zainud-Deen, and W. Hassan. "Different Designs of Dual-Focus Perforated Transmitarray Antenna in Near/Far-Field Region." Advanced Electromagnetics 4, no. 3 (2016): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v4i3.326.

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Designs of the single-focus and multi-focused transmitarray antennas for the near-field (NF) or/and far-field (FF) applications have been introduced. Perforated dielectric single sheet is used for transmitarray design for simple configuration. Single-focus transmitarray for the far-field and the near-field are obtained. The radiation characteristics of 13×13 unit-cells transmitarray in the near-field and the far-field region have been investigated. A single structure multi-focus transmitarray is designed using the chess-board arrangement of the unit-cells elements. Multi-focus transmitarray fo

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Capogna, A., O. Doche, and L. Davoust. "Near-wall MHD turbulence: investigation of a spanwise magnet array configuration." Magnetohydrodynamics 58, no. 4 (2022): 455–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/mhd.58.4.9.

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Direct numerical simulations of turbulent channel flows subjected to non-uniform magnetic fields are presented. The magnetic fields are delivered by spanwise distributions of permanent magnets located on the top and bottom walls of the channel. This configuration generates mainly magnetic field components perpendicular and transverse to the wall. Three different values of magnet thickness are considered. For each calculation, the average magnetic intensity imposed in a selective part (\it{i.e.} the turbulent inner layer) of the channel is kept constant so that the only parameter studied is the

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Zhou, Zhenhuan, Wang Xu, Zichen Deng, Xinsheng Xu, and Chenghui Xu. "Analysis of Mode Ⅲ Interface Fracture for Magneto-Electro-Elastic Materials." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 36, no. 6 (2018): 1209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20183661209.

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A novel finite element discretized symplectic method is developed for analyzing interface fracture of magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) materials under anti-plane loads. The overall cracked body is meshed by conventional finite elements and divided into a finite size singular region near the crack tip (near field) and a regular region far away from the crack tip (far field). In the near field, a based-Hamiltonian model is introduced to find the analytical series expressions, and the large number nodal unknowns are condensed into a small set of the undetermined coefficients of the symplectic series

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