Academic literature on the topic 'Near-rings'

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Journal articles on the topic "Near-rings"

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C, Dhivya, and Radha D. "Semimedial Near Rings." Indian Journal Of Science And Technology 17, no. 24 (2024): 2478–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v17i24.1403.

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Objectives: To define the term ‘semimediality’ in the near ring and to demonstrate its presence with an example and to employ several attributes in near rings to analyse its features. Methods: Semimedial near rings are examined in terms of their characteristics using commutativity, distributivity and regular property. The distinction is observed using the concept of homomorphism. Findings: Every near ring which is weak commutative is proved to be semimedial and the converse exists with some additional axioms. The semimedial near ring’s anti-homomorphic image is also observed. Additionally, the
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Valli, S. R. Veronica, та K. Bala Deepa Arasi. "ஜ ஜ Near Semi Rings". Indian Journal Of Science And Technology 17, № 26 (2024): 2679–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v17i26.1524.

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Objectives: In the widened area of near semi rings, this article speaks about the interventions of a specific sub structure. Methods: Heading towards a more unique functionality, the chosen sub structure is intervened with regularity, homomorphism and also checked for weak commutative idempotency. Findings: The desired sub-structure is descried to have been preserved under homomorphism and is also found to be isomorphic to sub direct products of sub-directly irreducible sub structures. Novelty: Few descriptions and differences on weak commutative regularity and regular idempotency has been exp
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Smith, Kirby C., and Leon Wyk. "Matrix Near-rings over Centralizer Near-rings." Algebra Colloquium 7, no. 1 (2000): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10011-000-0005-5.

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Meldrum, J. D. P. "NEAR-RINGS." Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society 27, no. 4 (1995): 405–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/blms/27.4.405.

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Booth, G. L., та S. Veldsman. "Special radicals of near-rings and Γ-near-rings". Periodica Mathematica Hungarica 29, № 2 (1994): 111–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01876869.

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Cho, Yong Uk. "NEW KINDS OF NEAR-RINGS FROM OLD NEAR RINGS." JP Journal of Algebra, Number Theory and Applications 40, no. 3 (2018): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17654/nt040030255.

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Islam, Md Rezaul, and Satrajit Kumar Saha. "Endomorphism Rings are Centralizer Near-rings." GANIT: Journal of Bangladesh Mathematical Society 34 (June 28, 2016): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ganit.v34i0.28554.

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For a finite ring R with identity and a finite unital R-module V the set C(R; V) = {f : V ->V : f(?v) = ?f(v) for all ? ? R, v ? V} is the centralizer near-ring determined by R and V. Rings R for witch C(R; V) is a ring for every R-module V, are characterized. Conditions are given under which C(R; V) is a semisimple centralizer near ring. Its shown that C(R; V) is a semisimple centralizer near ring then EndR(V) = C(R; V).GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc.Vol. 34 (2014) 57-61
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Ham, Kyung-Yuen, Young-Cheol Jeon, Jin-Woo Kang, et al. "IFP RINGS AND NEAR-IFP RINGS." Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society 45, no. 3 (2008): 727–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4134/jkms.2008.45.3.727.

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Hausen, Jutta, and Johnny A. Johnson. "Centralizer near-rings that are rings." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society. Series A. Pure Mathematics and Statistics 59, no. 2 (1995): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s144678870003857x.

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AbstractGiven an R-module M, the centralizer near-ring ℳR (M) is the set of all functions f: M → M with f(xr)= f(x)r for all x ∈ M and r∈R endowed with point-wise addition and composition of functions as multiplication. In general, ℳR(M) is not a ring but is a near-ring containing the endomorphism ring ER(M) of M. Necessary and/or sufficient conditions are derived for ℳR(M) to be a ring. For the case that R is a Dedekind domain, the R-modules M are characterized for which (i) ℳR(M) is a ring; and (ii)ℳR(M) = ER(M). It is shown that over Dedekind domains with finite prime spectrum properties (i
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Bell, Howard E. "Certain near-rings are rings, II." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 9, no. 2 (1986): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s0161171286000327.

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We investigate distributively-generated near-ringsRwhich satisfy one of the following conditions: (i) for eachx,y∈R, there exist positive integersm,nfor whichxy=ymxn; (ii) for eachx,y∈R, there exists a positive integernsuch thatxy=(yx)n. Under appropriate additional hypotheses, we prove thatRmust be a commutative ring.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Near-rings"

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Mogae, Kabelo. "Equiprime near-rings." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1028.

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Prior to 1990, the only well known ideal-hereditary Kurosh-Amitsur radicals in the variety of zero-symmetric near-rings were the Jacobson type radicals Iv(N) , where ∨∈{2,3} and the Brown-McCoy radical. In 1990, Booth, Groenewald and Veldsman introduced the concept of an equiprime near-ring which leads to an ideal-hereditary Kurosh-Amitsur radical in N∘. The concept of an equiprime near-ring generalizes the concept of a prime ring to near-rings. Although the search for more ideal-hereditary radicals of near-rings was apparently the original motivation for the introduction of equiprime near-rin
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Abbasi, S. J. "Matrix near-rings and generalized-distributivity." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234092.

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Juglal, Shaanraj. "Prime near-ring modules and their links with the generalised group near-ring." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/714.

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In view of the facts that the definition of a ring led to the definition of a near- ring, the definition of a ring module led to the definition of a near-ring module, prime rings resulted in investigations with respect to primeness in near-rings, one is naturally inclined to attempt to define the notion of a group near-ring seeing that the group ring had already been defined and investigated into by, interalia, Groenewald in [7] . However, in trying to define the group near-ring along the same lines as the group ring was defined, it was found that the resulting multiplication was, in general,
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Ke, Wen-Fong. "Structures of circular planar nearrings." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185884.

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The family of planar nearrings enjoys quite a few geometric and combinatoric properties. Circular planar nearrings are members of this family which have the character of circles of the complex plane. On the other hand, they also have some properties which one may not find among the circles of the complex plane. In this dissertation, we first review the definition and characterization of a planar nearring, and some various ways of constructing planar nearrings, as well as various ways of constructing BIBD's from a planar nearring. Circularity of a planar nearring is then introduced, and example
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Grainger, Gary Ross. "Left modules for left nearrings." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184480.

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Every ring has both left and right modules. In the theory of nearrings, only right modules are usually considered for left nearrings. The purpose of this report is to promote the study of an alternative type of nearring module. For left nearrings, these unusual modules are left modules. There are three reasons for studying left modules for left nearrings. These unusual nearring modules add an element of symmetry to the theory of nearrings. At the same time, comparing left and right modules of a left nearring illustrates how the theory of nearrings is distinct from ring theory. Finally, with tw
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Farrand, William Halsey. "Visible and near infrared reflectance of tuff rings and tuff cones." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185423.

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Hydrovolcanic basaltic tephras from tuff rings and tuff cones were studied in order to better understand their origin and alteration processes. The visual and near infrared reflectance of tephras collected from Basin and Range tuff rings and tuff cones was measured in the laboratory. Further mineralogic and chemical information was gained through petrographic microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron microprobe analysis and iron Mossbauer spectrometry. In addition, remotely sensed data from several airborne sensors was obtained for the Lunar Crater Volcanic Field in Nye County, Nevada and the Pa
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Gutiérrez, Gutiérrez Jaime. "Algunos aspectos de la teoría de casi-anillos de polinomios." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Cantabria, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/31815.

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La memoria trata algunos aspectos de la teoría de casi-anillos de polinomios r(x) con coeficientes en un anillo r conmutativo y con unidad. En el capítulo I damos una descripción explicita de los elementos distributivos de r(x) y de la parte cero-simétrica r sub 0 (x). En los párrafos damos algunas caracterizaciones y propiedades del anillo formado por estos elementos distributivos. Obtenemos resultados similares en el casi-anillo de series de potencias formales. En el capítulo II está dedicado al estudio de subcasi-anillos que gozan de las dos propiedades distributivas en r (x) y de ideal
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Bednarz, Z., and J. Ptak. "The Influence of Temperature and Precipitation on Ring Widths of Oak (Quercus Robur L.) in the Niepolomice Forest Near Cracow, Southern Poland." Tree-Ring Society, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/261919.

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Analysis of the relationship between ring-width indices of pedunculate oaks (Quercus robur L.) in the Niepotomice Forest with average monthly air temperatures (1826-1980) and total monthly precipitation (1881-1985) in Cracow revealed a strict relationship between tree -growth and the precipitation of June-July, May-July, and June-August. These relationships are described by a high percentage of agreement, at or around 70 %, and coefficients of correlation (rx) of 0.40 (June-July), 0.36 (May-July) and 0.30 (June-August). The group of 10 oaks with the highest coefficients between growth and prec
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Boone, Rachel, Jacques Tardis, and Richard Westwood. "Radial Growth of Oak and Aspen Near a Coal-Fired Station, Manitoba, Canada." Tree-Ring Society, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/262615.

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Eighteen stands of bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.) and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) were sampled and analyzed using dendrochronological methods to study the potential effects on tree growth of emissions from a 132 MW coal-fired generating station. Sixteen stands were sampled within a 16-km radius of the station, and two control stands were sampled outside of the range of influence, at distances . 40 km. All stands showed similar radial growth patterns from 1960-2001, regardless of distance from or direction relative to the generating station, and a number of stands, includi
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Matlala, Anthony Mpho. "Radicals and anti-radicals of near-rings and matrix near-rings." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/5092.

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In this thesis the ideal structure of near-rings and the associated matrix near-rings is studied. Firstly, two aspects of near-rings are investigated, these are: the decomposition of a near-ring; and the nilpotency of the Jacobson s-radical, via the nil-rigid series. Secondly, the interplay of ideals of a nearring and the ideals of the associated matrix near-ring is investigated. The socle ideal (an anti-radical) of a near-ring R is characterized as an intersection of annihilators of R-groups of a special type, called type-K. That is, the socle ideal is an annihilator ideal. The R-grou
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Books on the topic "Near-rings"

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Fong, Yuen, Howard E. Bell, Wen-Fong Ke, Gordon Mason, and Günter Pilz, eds. Near-Rings and Near-Fields. Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0359-6.

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Fong, Yuen, Carl Maxson, John Meldrum, Günter Pilz, Andries van der Walt, and Leon van Wyk, eds. Near-Rings and Near-Fields. Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0954-6.

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Kandasamy, W. B. Vasantha. Smarandache near-rings. American Research Press, 2002.

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Lockhart, Robert. The Theory of Near-Rings. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81755-8.

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Hofer, Gerhard. Near-rings and group-automata. VWGÖ, 1987.

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Conference on Near-rings and Near-fields (1993 Fredericton, N.B.). Near-rings and near-fields: Proceedings of the Conference on Near-Rings and Near-Fields, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada, July 18-24, 1993. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995.

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Yuen, Fong, ed. Near-rings and near-fields: Proceedings of the Conference on Near-rings and Near-fields, Stellenbosch, South Africa, July 9-16, 1997. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000.

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Fong, Yuen. Near-Rings and Near-Fields: Proceedings of the Conference on Near-Rings and Near-Fields Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada, July 18-24, 1993. Springer Netherlands, 1995.

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International Conference on Algebra (2005 Tʻai-nan shih, Taiwan). Rings and nearrings: In memory of Kostia Beidar : proceedings of the International Conference on Algebra, Tainan, Taiwan, March 6-12, 2005. Walter de Gruyter, 2007.

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1960-, Kiechle Hubert, Thomsen Momme Johs, and Kreuzer Alexander, eds. Nearrings and nearfields: Proceedings of the Conference on Nearrings and Nearfields, Hamburg, Germany, July 27-August 3, 2003. Springer, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Near-rings"

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Farag, Mark, and Ralph P. Tucci. "BZS Near-Rings and Rings." In Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8422-7_17.

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Groenewald, Nico J. "Superprime Near-Rings." In Nearrings, Nearfields and K-Loops. Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1481-0_18.

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Petersen, Quentin N., and Stefan Veldsman. "Composition Near-Rings." In Nearrings, Nearfields and K-Loops. Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1481-0_29.

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Lockhart, Robert. "Transformation Near-Rings." In The Theory of Near-Rings. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81755-8_7.

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Lockhart, Robert. "F-Near-Rings." In The Theory of Near-Rings. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81755-8_14.

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Birkenmeier, Gary F. "Essential Nilpotency in Near-Rings." In Near-Rings and Near-Fields. Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0359-6_6.

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Betsch, Gerhard. "On the Beginnings and Development of Near-Ring Theory." In Near-Rings and Near-Fields. Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0359-6_1.

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Cannon, G. Alan. "Centralizer Near-Rings Determined by End g." In Near-Rings and Near-Fields. Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0359-6_10.

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Eggetsberger, Roland A. "On Codes From Residue Class Ring Generated Finite Ferrero Pairs." In Near-Rings and Near-Fields. Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0359-6_11.

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Fong, Y., K. Kaarli, and W. F. Ke. "On Minimal Varieties of Near-Rings." In Near-Rings and Near-Fields. Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0359-6_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Near-rings"

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Picard, Donald, Olivier Bellavance, Charles Tremblay, and Andréanne Potvin. "CUI Assessment near Insulation Support Rings Using Pulsed Eddy Currents." In CONFERENCE 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2023-19031.

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Abstract Pulsed Eddy Current (PEC) is a proven inspection technology used to detect and assess wall loss in ferromagnetic materials under any layer of insulation or coating that prevents direct access to the surface. One of its main applications is detecting Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI) in pressure vessels. Corrosion, caused by water or condensation ingress under the insulation, is generally found just above the Insulation Support Rings (ISR), interfering with the PEC signals. Hence, assessing this corrosion requires advanced data analysis tools combined with a clear understanding of the i
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Sternhell, G., Paul D. Taylor, and D. Itzhak. "Galvanic Effects of Various Metallic Couples on Marine Biofouling in a Coral Reef Environment." In CORROSION 2002. NACE International, 2002. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2002-02183.

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Abstract Galvanic couples consisting rings of commercial copper, aluminum 6061 and brass 70Cu/30Zn were directly connected to the following metals plates: UNS S30403, S31603 and S31254 stainless steels, UNS R52400 and R53400 titanium alloys, zirconium 705, UNS N10276 nickel based super-alloys and commercial copper. The ring-plate couples were immersed in the coral reef environment in Red Sea, Eilat, at a depth of 6 meters for a period of one month during December 2000. X – ray diffraction of the metallic surfaces connected to aluminum 6061 rings detected enhanced electrochemical calcification
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Wong, Larry P. "Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking of Pump Wear Ring." In CORROSION 2007. NACE International, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2007-07486.

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Abstract This paper addresses the intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) problem in the 400 series stainless steel wear rings installed on the pump impeller. The results from the study indicate that the engineering design, the metallurgical heat treatment and the raw water chemical content all contribute to IGSCC problem. The tight interference fit between the ring and the impeller caused high residual stress. The heat treatment of the material at the specified temperatures provided the desirable hardness but also creating weak corrosion resistance near the grain boundary areas. High
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Hibner, Edward L. "Laboratory Investigations of Crevice Pit Propagation of Nickel Alloys in SO2 Scrubber Environments." In CORROSION 1986. NACE International, 1986. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1986-86359.

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Abstract Crevice pit propagation studies were conducted on nickel alloys 825, 904L, and 625 in a simulated SO2 scrubber environment at pH 5 and 57 °C (135 °F) involving exposures to 360 days. Plate specimens with alloy 625 composition welds were evaluated with crevices produced by fluorocarbon o-rings. At low chloride levels, near the minimum chloride content for crevice pit initiation for each alloy, crevice pits which initiated, failed to propagate further with additional exposure time. The critical chloride level necessary for continued propagation of crevice pits is far above the minimum c
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Zhang, Jiangnan (Hugh), Ramesh Rao, Felipe Ramirez, and Adam Darwin. "Sour Service Qualification of Carbon Steels (SMYS 450 MPa) and Their Welds Considering Field H2S Fugacity / Dissolved H2S Concentration – Qualification at Design and Atmospheric Pressure." In CONFERENCE 2024. AMPP, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2024-20609.

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Abstract A Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC) qualification program was conducted for carbon steel components (piping, flanges, and fittings with SMYS 450 MPa) and its welds for an offshore facility piping system that may carry off-spec gas in the event of a temporary malfunction of the dehydration and H2S removal units. The off-spec sour gas may contain 22% mol CO2 (pCO2 73 bara) and 6,700 ppm H2S (pH2S 2.22 bara) at a total pressure of 332 bara and temperature of 24 °C with condensed water pH of 3.2. The SSC qualification program included two parts. Part I involved testing at 332 bara using batch
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Aspden, R. G., G. Economy, R. H. Kunig, and W. M. Connor. "Intergranular Attack of Alloy 600." In CORROSION 1987. NACE International, 1987. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1987-87098.

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Abstract Parametric studies of laboratory initiated intergranular attack (IGA) in mill annealed Alloy 600 were conducted. In isothermal capsule tests an increase in test temperature from 600 to 650°F and, to a lesser extent, an increase in caustic concentration from near 10 to 50 weight percent enhanced IGA. Only one addition, Cr2O3, to caustic strongly increased the IGA rate. The contribution of some organic environments to IGA and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) was evaluated at 610°F. Highly stressed C-rings exhibited IGA and SCC in sodium phenoxide and sodium formate, unstable environments
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Wensley, Angela, and Michel Tremblay. "Oxygen Reactor External Stress Corrosion Cracking and Repair." In CORROSION 2007. NACE International, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2007-07214.

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Abstract External stress corrosion cracking (ESCC) was found on two solid 316L stainless steel oxygen reactors that had been in service for 10 years in a pulp and paper mill in eastern Canada. Both reactors had been designed to Section VIII, Division 1 of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code for service under internal pressure and with external circumferential stiffeners for protection against vacuum. ESCC was found beneath wet thermal insulation on the top head and where water had collected on the circumferential stiffeners, but was most severe w
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Giovanetti, Eli, and Kenneth Hall. "Axisymmetric Potential Flow Model of Single or Coaxial Actuator Disks." In Vertical Flight Society 72nd Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0072-2016-11392.

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This paper presents a computationally efficient method for computing the axisymmetric three-dimensional flow field induced by the trailing vortex system of either a single actuator disk or a pair of closely spaced coaxial actuator disks. A rotor in axial flight or hover (or a pair of coaxial rotors) is modeled as an actuator disk (or disks); the associated wake is modeled using contracting cylindrical sheets of vorticity approximated by discrete vortex rings. The resulting system of vortex sheets is axisymmetric and aligned with flow streamlines. The location of the sheets of vorticity is foun
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Cho, Yong Uk. "SOME NEW NEAR-RINGS FROM OLD RINGS." In 5th China–Japan–Korea International Ring Theory Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812818331_0015.

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YOU, SONGFA, MING CAO, and YIJUN FENG. "SEMIAUTOMATA AND NEAR RINGS." In Proceedings of the QL&SC 2012. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814401531_0058.

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Reports on the topic "Near-rings"

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Cossairt, J. Donald, and /Fermilab. Assessment of neutron skyshine near unmodified Accumulator Debuncher storage rings under Mu2e operational conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1001998.

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Swanson, David. Tree investigations in the Noatak National Preserve, Alaska, 2011?2022: Old-growth and new forests. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301700.

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Tree rings in the Noatak National Preserve provide information about the growth of trees at the cold limit of tree survival in northwestern North America. The present study was based on cores and other tree measurements (tree basal area, height, and number per unit area) of white spruce (Picea glauca) and balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera) trees taken from 39 permanent monitoring plots (34 with coreable trees) at three locations in the Preserve. The tree rings widths were measured and then normalized using a 50-year smoothing spline to remove the effects of growth variations through the life
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Pargeter, Richard. PR-164-164504-R01 Suitability of Line Pipe Materials for Sour Service. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011509.

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It is understood that this work relates to issues arising from a failure in a pipe carrying wet sour gas, in which cracking developed from a shallow hard feature, 1 to 3mm deep and about 50mm in diameter. The overall aim is to prevent such failures, and samples of material from this program, selected on the basis of the work reported here, have been subjected to sour testing under PRCI project SSC-2-14, and there is also a link to PRCI project NDE-4-11, which is exploring non-destructive techniques for the detection of local hard regions. This report presents the techniques used in the assessm
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Element concentrations in growth rings of trees near an abandoned wood-preserving plant site at Jackson, Tennessee. US Geological Survey, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri934223.

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Payment Systems Report - June of 2021. Banco de la República, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-sist-pag.eng.2021.

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Banco de la República provides a comprehensive overview of Colombia’s finan¬cial infrastructure in its Payment Systems Report, which is an important product of the work it does to oversee that infrastructure. The figures published in this edition of the report are for the year 2020, a pandemic period in which the con¬tainment measures designed and adopted to alleviate the strain on the health system led to a sharp reduction in economic activity and consumption in Colom¬bia, as was the case in most countries. At the start of the pandemic, the Board of Directors of Banco de la República adopted
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