Relevant bibliographies by topics / Neat cattle

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Neat cattle'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Neat cattle"

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Masujin, Kentaro, Christina D. Orrú, Kohtaro Miyazawa, Bradley R. Groveman, Lynne D. Raymond, Andrew G. Hughson, and Byron Caughey. "Detection of Atypical H-Type Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy and Discrimination of Bovine Prion Strains by Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 54, no. 3 (January 6, 2016): 676–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.02731-15.

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Prion diseases of cattle include the classical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (C-BSE) and the atypical H-type BSE (H-BSE) and L-type BSE (L-BSE) strains. Although the C- and L-BSE strains can be detected and discriminated by ultrasensitive real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) assays, no such test has yet been described for the detection of H-BSE or the discrimination of each of the major bovine prion strains. Here, we demonstrate an RT-QuIC assay for H-BSE that can detect as little as 10−9dilutions of brain tissue and neat cerebrospinal fluid samples from clinically affected cattle. Moreover, comparisons of the reactivities with different recombinant prion protein substrates and/or immunoblot band profiles of proteinase K-treated RT-QuIC reaction products indicated that H-, L-, and C-BSE have distinctive prion seeding activities and can be discriminated by RT-QuIC on this basis.
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Jobling, M. "Near-Eastern origins of European cattle." Trends in Genetics 17, no. 7 (July 1, 2001): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9525(01)02387-3.

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Widyaningrum, R., I. G. S. Budisatria, and D. Maharani. "Natural increase, net replacement rate, output and population dynamic of Aceh cattle in Livestock Breeding and Forage Center of Indrapuri." Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture 46, no. 1 (January 20, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.46.1.1-11.

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This study aimed to estimate natural increase (NI), net replacement rate (NRR), output, and population dynamics of Aceh cattle at Livestock Breeding and Forage Center in Indrapuri, Aceh province. Data of population structure, mortality, birth rate, the number of animals entering the herd, and the number of animals released from the herd during 2019were used for determining NIandNRR, and it isusedfor estimation of output. Population structure data (2015-2019) were used to estimate the population dynamics. The results showed that NI was 19.08% (medium category). The availability of replacement stock exceeded the need for replacement (140.08% for male and 73.33% for female); the NRR was 240.08% (male) and 173.33% (female). The output of Aceh cattle was 3.92% (culled male), 5.58% (culled female); the remaining replacement stocks were 5.49% (male) and 4.09% (female) of the total population. The population of Aceh cattle from 2020 to 2024 was expected to increase by 6.02% (65 heads) on average. In conclusion, that BPTU-HPT Indrapuri can be categorized as a beef cattle producing region, but still need efforts to increase natural increase by increasing birth rate minimum 32.77% and reducing mortality maximum 3.0%, in combination with better management systems.
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Matějíčková, J., M. Štípková, G. Sahana, T. Kott, J. Kyseľová, A. Matějíček, B. Kottová, J. Šefrová, M. Krejčová, and S. Melčová. "QTL mapping for production traits in Czech Fleckvieh cattle." Czech Journal of Animal Science 58, No. 9 (August 29, 2013): 396–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6939-cjas.

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The objective of this study was to find QTL for milk production traits in Czech Fleckvieh cattle on chromosomes 6, 7, 11, 14, and 23 where QTL were previously identified in other dairy cattle populations. Sixteen grandsire families were genotyped for 38 microsatellite markers on the selected chromosomes. A QTL mapping model based on variance component analysis was implemented via restricted maximum likelihood (REML) to estimate QTL positions and their effects. A significant QTL affecting fat percentage was found at the beginning of chromosome 14 (0 cM), near marker ILSTS039. Suggestive QTL associated with milk production traits appeared on other studied chromosomes (BTA6, BTA7, BTA11, and BTA23). This first QTL search on five chromosomes in Czech Fleckvieh population showed several suggestive QTL that can be promising for further studies and contribute to better understanding of genetics of milk production in the Czech Fleckvieh cattle.  
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Miller, Woutrina A., David J. Lewis, Michael Lennox, Maria G. C. Pereira, Kenneth W. Tate, Patricia A. Conrad, and Edward R. Atwill. "Climate and On-Farm Risk Factors Associated with Giardia duodenalis Cysts in Storm Runoff from California Coastal Dairies." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 21 (September 14, 2007): 6972–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00100-07.

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ABSTRACT Climatic factors and on-farm management practices were evaluated for their association with the concentrations (cyst/liter) and instantaneous loads (cysts/second) of Giardia duodenalis in storm-based runoff from dairy lots and other high-cattle-use areas on five coastal California farms over two storm seasons. Direct fluorescent antibody analysis was used to quantitate cysts in 350 storm runoff samples. G. duodenalis was detected on all five dairy farms, with fluxes of 1 to 14,000 cysts/liter observed in 16% of samples. Cysts were detected in 41% of runoff samples collected near cattle less than 2 months old, compared to 10% of runoff samples collected near cattle over 6 months old. Furthermore, the concentrations and instantaneous loads of cysts were ≥65 and ≥79 times greater, respectively, in runoff from sites housing young calves than in sites housing other age classes of animals. Factors associated with environmental loading of G. duodenalis included cattle age, cattle stocking number, and precipitation but not lot area, land slope, or cattle density. Vegetated buffer strips were found to significantly reduce waterborne cysts in storm runoff: each additional meter of vegetated buffer placed below high-cattle-use areas was associated with reductions in the concentration and instantaneous load of cysts by factors of 0.86 and 0.79 (−0.07 and −0.10 log10/m), respectively. Straw mulch, seed application, scraping of manure, and cattle exclusion did not significantly affect the concentration or load of G. duodenalis cysts. The study findings suggest that vegetated buffer strips, especially when placed near dairy calf areas, should help reduce the environmental loading of these fecal protozoa discharging from dairy farms.
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Cymbron, Teresa, Abigail R. Freeman, M. Isabel Malheiro, Jean-Denis Vigne, and Daniel G. Bradley. "Microsatellite diversity suggests different histories for Mediterranean and Northern European cattle populations." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 272, no. 1574 (July 26, 2005): 1837–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2005.3138.

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Based on archaeological evidence, the spread of agropastoralism across Europe followed two main paths: the Danubian route, along which Neolithic farmers expanded north across the central European plains; and the Mediterranean route, where migration occurred along the coast of the Mediterranean sea. Here we examine 20 cattle breeds from the continent and assess the genetic diversity levels and relationships among the breeds using 19 microsatellite markers. Additionally, we show evidence that concords with two distinct cattle migrations from the Near East, and also demonstrate that Mediterranean cattle breeds may have had more recent input from both the Near East and Africa.
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Shanthipriya, Ajmera, Sana Shanawaz, and Sivadevuni Girisham. "Studies on Decomposition of Banana Leaf and Mixture of Cattle Dung and Urine by Thermophilic Coprophilous Fungi." Nature Environment and Pollution Technology 19, no. 02 (June 1, 2020): 815–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.46488/nept.2020.v19i02.039.

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MAMABOLO, M. V., L. NTANTISO, A. LATIF, and P. A. O. MAJIWA. "Natural infection of cattle and tsetse flies in South Africa with two genotypic groups of Trypanosoma congolense." Parasitology 136, no. 4 (March 2, 2009): 425–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182009005587.

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SUMMARYThe polymerase chain reaction was used to detect trypanosomes in samples collected from cattle, wild animals and tsetse flies in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. A total of 673 samples from cattle and 266 from tsetse flies in the study area located near the Hluhluwe-Umfolozi Game Reserve were analysed. Both Trypanosoma congolense and T. vivax were found as single or mixed infections in cattle and tsetse flies. Moreover, the T. congolense in the infections were found to comprise 2 genotypic groups: the Savannah-type and the Kilifi-type, which were present either as single or mixed infections in cattle and in tsetse flies.
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Peterson, Eric M., Kimberly J. Wooten, Seenivasan Subbiah, Todd A. Anderson, Scott Longing, and Philip N. Smith. "Agrochemical Mixtures Detected on Wildflowers near Cattle Feed Yards." Environmental Science & Technology Letters 4, no. 6 (May 3, 2017): 216–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.7b00123.

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Troy, Christopher S., David E. MacHugh, Jillian F. Bailey, David A. Magee, Ronan T. Loftus, Patrick Cunningham, Andrew T. Chamberlain, Bryan C. Sykes, and Daniel G. Bradley. "Genetic evidence for Near-Eastern origins of European cattle." Nature 410, no. 6832 (April 2001): 1088–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35074088.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Neat cattle"

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Green, Ronald T. "Evaluation of optimum and near optimum pair selection methods for increasing predicted relative net income in Jersey cattle." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45650.

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To evaluate the importance of non-linear relationships between Relative net income per day of productive life (RNI/DPL) and individual traits, 921,915 potential offspring were simulated from all possible matings of 20,487 Jersey cows and 45 active AI sires. Predicted milk yield, fat yield, and 13 linear type traits of potential progeny were used to predict RNI/DPL of all potential progeny.

Five methods of mate selection and pairing were evaluated for their effectiveness in choosing mates and the amount of computer time required to choose those pairings. Results of a linear programming (LP) method were used as a comparison for the other four more easily applied methods. Two of the other four methods were not significantly (P > .01) different from the LP method. Although the random pairing method was significantly different, similarity of results, for this method indicated non-linear relationships between RNI/DPL and individual trait scores are of minor importance. A11 four methods used considerable less computer time than the LP method.

Analysis of variance for predicted RNI/DPL (all possible offspring) indicated herd, dam within herd, sire, and inbreeding class to be significant (P < .01) variables in determining RNI/DPL. However the sire by dam within herd interaction did not significantly affect RNI/DPL, again indicating non-linear relationships between traits and RNI/DPL were not very important.

Regressing PDâ s, Clâ s, and their crossproducts for milk yield, fat yield, and 13 linear type traits showed the relative importance of crossproducts to be minimal in comparison to the linear ellects of parental genetic evaluations.


Master of Science
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Smith, Lori A. "The Effect of Inbreeding on Lifetime Performance of Dairy Cattle." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36526.

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Data for this study were age-adjusted linear scores on all cows scored between 1980 and 1993. Lifetime production information on these cows and their herdmates was used to calculate Relative Net Income adjusted for opportunity cost (RNIOC) for the 2,249,835 cows with an 84 month herdlife opportunity. The effect of inbreeding was analyzed using both a fixed and animal model, with little difference in results. Inbreeding depressed RNIOC by $12.69 in a fluid market and $11.53 in a manufacturing market per 1% increase in inbreeding. Addition of somatic cell information in the profit function had little effect. Heritabilities of profit functions were .16 and .14 for a fluid and manufacturing market, respectively. Animal model estimates of inbreeding depression were +.16 days, -6.7 days and -5.1 days for age at first freshening (AFF), days of productive life (DPL) and days in milk (TDIM), respectively. Inbreeding decreased first lactation mature equivalent milk, fat, and protein by 23.7 kg, .85 kg, and .76 kg, respectively and lifetime milk, fat, and protein production by 176.9 kg, 6.4 kg, 5.6 kg, respectively per 1% increase in inbreeding. Inbreeding had little effect on conformation traits. Effects of inbreeding were cumulative, exacting a larger effect on lifetime profit functions than on individual traits, when expressed as a percent of additive standard deviation. This study gives evidence that though not alarming, inbreeding has a deleterious effect on the lifetime performance of dairy cattle.
Master of Science
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Weigel, Daniel J. "Relationships among estimated net income, herdlife and linear type traits in dairy cattle." Diss., This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-165443/.

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Foster, William W. "Microcomputer simulation of management practices affecting timing of net income in dairy cattle." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53692.

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Microcomputer simulation was used to evaluate effects of all combinations of two levels of involuntary culling, heifer rearing, and sire selection against dystocia in heifers on timing and magnitude of net income in dairy cattle. Time to cumulative payoff of expenses and net income per day of herdlife were measured for herds and individual cows. Net income was accumulated monthly, and expressed per day of life and per day to 96 mo. Twenty herds of 80 cows were simulated for 20 yr under eight options in the herd study. More than 1000 cows with complete herdlives, from a single herd, were individually simulated for each of eight options in the cow study, with no voluntary culling of cows. For the herd study, milk yield per cow averaged 6838 kg ± 858 kg/yr, and net income per cow was $671 i $193/yr. Mean time to payoff was 60.0 mo, and mean net income to 96 mo, including salvage value, was $.36/d. Heifers calving at 26 mo had rearing expenses of $1030, time to payoff of 54.6 mo, and net income of $.432/d, compared with rearing expenses of $1200, time to payoff of 70.0 mo, and net income of $.285/d for heifers calving at 32 mo. Options with 12% involuntary culling paid off 2.3 mo earlier and had $.081 more net income per day than 24% involuntary culling. Differences in response variables due to sire dystocia and PD Dollars were minimal. Options with 26 mo age at first calving, 12% involuntary culling, and random mating had earliest time to payoff (54.0 mo) and highest net income ($.485/d). Options with 32 mo age at first calving, 24% involuntary culling, and random mating had latest payoff (74.3 mo) and lowest net income (S.246/d). Herds and years had large effects on time to payoff and net income due to differences in herd production and genetic trend of sires for production over time. Including salvage value for cows surviving 96 mo increased net income $.064/d for herds, and $.25/d for cows. Twenty-one percent of the value of increased milk yield was attributed to increased feed costs. For the cow study, cost of rearing heifers was $141 ± $127, mean time to payoff was 53.4 mo, and mean time to cumulative profit was of 56.5 mo. Cumulative profit represented positive cumulative net income for 12 consecutive mo, which included 69% of cows with time to payoff. Net income was $.19/d for all cows, $.46/d for cows with a first calving, $.60/d for cows surviving 96 mo, and $.85/d for cows surviving 96 mo including salvage value. Heifers calving at 26 mo paid off expenses at 47.1 mo, compared with 60.6 mo for heifers calving at 32 mo. Heifers calving at 26 mo cost $.07/d more to raise to first calving, but paid off by 70 d in milk into their second lactation, compared with payoff by 140 d in milk of the third lactation for cows calving at 32 mo. Regressions of time to payoff and net income per day at 96 mo on cow production were -.0077 d/kg and .00028 $/kg, respectively. The regression of time to payoff on PD Dollars was -.0035 d/PDS, and the regression of net income per day on PD Dollars was .00072 S/PDS for cows that calved. Differences did not exist in time to payoff between levels of involuntary culling and selection against dystocia. Heifer rearing was most important in this study due to large differences in time to payoff and net income as age at first calving changed. Sire selection against dystocia in heifers was least important due to the mating program used, with intermediate differences in payoff and net income between levels of involuntary culling.
Ph. D.
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Smith, Bradford Bruce. "Comparison of relative net income with and without the application of opportunity cost." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03022010-020200/.

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Zwane, Avhashoni Agnes. "Genome-wide marker discovery in three South African indigenous cattle breeds (Afrikaner Drakensberger and Nguni) using next generation sequencing." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65959.

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Afrikaner, Drakensberger, and Nguni are the South African (SA) landraces that played major roles in the social, cultural and economic history of SA. These breeds are valuable genetic resources for beef production and limited information is available for these breeds at the genome level. The aim of this study was to perform SNP discovery in these three breeds using whole genome sequencing. Ninety cattle representing the three breeds were used to identify more about 17.6 M putative variants including SNPs and Indels. DNA was extracted from blood and hair samples, quantified and prepared at 50ng/?l concentration for sequencing at the Agricultural Research Council Biotechnology Platform using an Illumina HiSeq 2000. The fastq files were used to call the variants using the Genome Analysis Tool Kit. A total of 4,369,879 (16% of the total SNPs) were identified as novel. Annotation of these variants classified them into functional categories. Within the coding regions, 43% of the SNPs were nonsynonymous substitutions that encode for alternate amino acids. Functional enrichment analysis of novel SNPs identified significant number of genes (p < 0.001) that were located within 5% of 1,481 100kb windows. Gene ontology terms identified genes such as MLANA and SYT10 that have been associated with coat colour and sense of smell in mouse, respectively, and the ADAMS3 gene has been associated with fertility in cattle. Furthermore, whole genome screening detected 688 candidate selective sweeps (ZHp Z-scores ? -4) across all three breeds, of which 223 regions were assigned as being putative selective sweeps (ZHp scores ? -5). We also identified 96 regions with extremely low ZHp Z-scores (? -6) in Afrikaner and Nguni. Several genes such as KIT and MITF that have been associated with skin pigmentation in cattle, and CACNA1C, which has been associated biopolar disorder in human were identified in these regions. Breed-specific SNPs (2,272,667) were identified across the breeds and only 186 of these SNPs were identified as putative breed-specific SNPs. These SNPs were further tested for their ability to assign individuals to a breed and need further validation. This study provides the first analysis of sequence data to discover SNPs in indigenous SA cattle breeds. These results provide insight into the genetic composition of the breeds and offer the potential for further applications in their genetic improvement.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Animal and Wildlife Sciences
PhD
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Romanzini, Eliéder Prates. "Economic evaluation, strategy and prediction studies of results into beef cattle production using different scenarios /." Jaboticabal, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183167.

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Orientador: Euclides Braga Malheiros
Resumo: A pecuária de corte brasileira tem sido pressionada no sentido de cada vez obter melhores resultados, o que força os proprietários a utilizar práticas e manejos específicos, os quais possibilitarão a manutenção dentro da atividade. Este estudo teve como objetivos avaliar o uso de inteligência artificial, mais especificamente redes neurais artificiais (RNA), para predizer resultados futuros tanto da produção de pasto quanto animal. Determinar dentre diversos cenários de recria e terminação de bovinos de corte em pastagens tropicais, qual foi o melhor cenário no que diz respeito aos resultados econômicos. Avaliar dentre diferentes doses de adubação nitrogenada, qual foi aquela que retornou melhores índices econômicos. As RNA se mostraram melhores que as regressões normalmente utilizadas para predizer as produções de pastagem (valores médios obtidos pelo uso das RNA foram 0,84; 0,78 e 0,75 para massa de forragem, porcentagens de folha e colmo, versus 0,74; 0,39 e 0,50 obtidos usando regressão linear múltipla) e animal (0,72 [RNA] e 0,67 regressão). No estudo referente aos cenários, os melhores resultados foram obtidos quando utilizado apenas sal mineral (lucratividade de 26,3%; período de “payback” simples igual à 11 ciclos e taxa interna de retorno de 9,30%) na recria dos bovinos de corte e na terminação, quando as variáveis climáticas possibilitaram via manejo de pastagem o uso de maior taxa de lotação (3,18 UA ha-1) na área. Quando avaliados os efeitos das doses de adubação n... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Brazilian beef cattle has been under pression to obtain better results, which drives owners to use specific practices and management, which will allow the maintenance within livestock. This study aimed to evaluate use of artificial intelligence, specifically artificial neural networks (ANN), to predict future results both forage and animal productions. Determine between a lot of rearing and finishing phase scenarios of beef cattle production using tropical pastures, how was the best scenario considering economic results. Evaluate between different nitrogen fertilizers levels, how was there obtained best economic indexes. The ANN was better than regressions normally used to predict forage production (mean values obtained by ANN use were 0.84, 0.78 and 0.75 for forage mass, leaf and stem percentages, versus 0.74, 0.39 and 0.50 obtained using multiple linear regression) and animal (0.72 [ANN] and 0.67 regression). Into study about scenarios, the best results were obtained when used mineral mix just (profitability of 26.3%, simple payback period equal to 11 cycles and internal return ratio of 9.30%) during rearing phase of beef cattle. During finishing phase, the best results occurred when weather variables allowed by pasture handled, the use of higher stocking rate (3.18 AU ha-1) into area. The evaluation of economic results caused by different nitrogen fertilizer levels. Allowed to say that was possible to observe that there was linear increase both on costs, and gross revenue,... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Dettenmaier, Seth J. "Effects of Livestock Grazing Management Practices on Greater Sage-Grouse Nest and Female Survival." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7245.

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The decline in greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; sage-grouse) populations across western North America has been primarily attributed to loss and fragmentation of their sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) habitats. This habitat loss is largely the result of increased human activities, with grazing by domestic livestock as the most predominant land use across the sagebrush ecosystem in North America. The goal of my research was to increase our understanding of the effects of livestock on sage-grouse populations. I reviewed the peer-reviewed literature for all published studies that reported potential effects of grazing on grouse species worldwide. I found that there was an overall negative effect of domestic livestock grazing on grouse populations in general. I compared sage-grouse nest success on two study sites managed under differing prescribed livestock grazing practices to determine their relative effects on sage-grouse nest survival. I found that nest survival was slightly higher in areas managed under high-intensity low-frequency rest-rotation practices. The difference was not statistically significant (P < 0.05). However, these areas received lower precipitation and were grazed at a higher stocking rate (AUM · ha-1) without negatively affecting nest survival compared to areas of that were mostly grazed as single pastures from May-September. Because livestock grazing in the sagebrush ecosystem has been historically facilitated with sagebrush reduction treatments to increase forage for livestock, I compared the relative effects of these treatments with the more direct effect from livestock grazing. Sagebrush treatments were found to have a greater effect on female sage-grouse survival than livestock grazing. This understanding can be useful for land managers looking to attenuate the effects of management decisions related to livestock grazing systems in the sagebrush ecosystem.
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Turner, Rachel Joy, and Rachel Joy Turner. "Monitoring Diet Quality and Projecting Body Condition Score in Cattle Using Fecal Near Infrared Spectroscopy and NUTBAL on a Southern Arizona Rangeland." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626720.

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Range cattle grazing in semi-arid regions are commonly limited by lack of nutrients from low-quality forage. Due to this, ranchers are faced with the challenge of monitoring diet quality in order to address nutrient limitations. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) of fecal samples is a method used to determine diet quality values like crude protein (CP) and digestible organic matter (DOM) in grazing animals. When combined with a nutritional balance analyzer such as the NUTBAL system, fecal NIRS can be used to monitor diet quality and project animal performance. Our research aimed to test the ability of NUTBAL to project animal performance as represented by body condition score (BCS) in cattle (n=82 Animal Units) grazing on the Santa Rita Experimental Range (SRER) in southern Arizona. Previous work conducted on other Arizona rangelands led to the hypothesis that fecal NIRS coupled with NUTBAL can be used to monitor diet quality and project BCS in a southern Arizona commercial grazing operation. Data collection occurred between June 2016 and June 2017. Standing biomass and botanical composition were measured before each grazing period, and relative utilization was measured following each grazing period. During the midpoint of grazing in each pasture, 30 body condition scores and a fecal composite of 15 samples were collected. Fecal derived diet quality varied between a maximum of 10.75% CP and 61.25% DOM in early August 2016, to a minimum value of 4.00 % CP and 58.40 % DOM in March 2017. This study confirmed the ability of fecal NIRS paired with NUTBAL to project future BCS within 0.5 a score point more than 80% of the time in cattle grazing on the SRER. With this information, cattle managers in southern Arizona can better address animal performance needs and nutrient deficiencies.
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Fox, Jeffrie Thomas. "Near infrared spectroscopy : a potential method to detect undifferentiated bovine respiratory disease." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/908.

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Books on the topic "Neat cattle"

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Meschter, Daniel Y. Sweetwater sunset: A history of the lynching of James Averell and Ella Watson near Independence Rock, Wyoming on July 20, 1889. Wenatchee, Wash: D.Y. Meschter, 1996.

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Observations on the breeding and management of neat cattle: Together with a description of the diseases to which they are liable, and the most approved methods of treatment : to which is annexed an appendix, and the rules of competition of the Highland Society of Scotland. Montreal: Printed and sold by James Brown, and John Neilson, Quebec, and all the booksellers in Upper Canada, 1985.

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Observations on the breeding and management of neat cattle: Together with a description of the diseases to which they are liable, and the most approved methods of treatment : to which is annexed an appendix, and the rules of competition of the Highland Society of Scotland. Montreal: Printed and sold by James Brown, and John Neilson, Quebec, and all the booksellers in Upper Canada, 1985.

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Genetic improvement of farmed animals. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241723.0000.

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Abstract This 484-paged book is an extensively updated and expanded edition of the previous book by Simm, which focused on cattle and sheep. It has 14 chapters, the first chapter in the book sets the scene for modern livestock breeding, by looking at the origins and roles of today's livestock breeds. The next four chapters deal with the scientific principles of livestock improvement. Chapter 2 outlines some of the basic principles in genetics and attempts to illustrate the link between genes and the performance of individual farm animals, or populations of them. In Chapter 3 the main strategies for genetic improvement are discussed. The factors which affect responses to within-breed selection, and some of the tools and technologies used, especially for more effective within-breed selection, are discussed in Chapters 4 and 5. Chapter 6 explores in more depth how we analyse variation in farm animals. Chapter 7 discusses approaches to predicting breeding values. Chapters 8 to 13 deal with the application of these principles in practical breeding programmes in dairy cattle, beef cattle, sheep and goats, poultry, pigs and aquaculture. Finally, Chapter 14 discusses some of the key societal, technical and ethical challenges facing farm animal production in general, and animal breeding and genetics in particular. It discusses how livestock breeders, scientists and others might respond to ensure wide societal and animal benefits from future breeding schemes. There is a glossary of technical terms at the end of the book.
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Reitz, Elizabeth J. Animal use at early colonies on the southeastern coast of the United States. Edited by Umberto Albarella, Mauro Rizzetto, Hannah Russ, Kim Vickers, and Sarah Viner-Daniels. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686476.013.39.

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Data from three early European-sponsored colonies in North America indicate that changes in animal use occurred quickly. Over half of the meat from vertebrate sources in a Spanish assemblage associated with the first permanent European settlement on the Atlantic coast (Florida) and a French assemblage from the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico near Mobile (Alabama) are from local, wild animals. The English assemblage associated with Charles Towne (South Carolina) reflects the rapid development of a short-lived cattle industry. Early colonists by and large practised a strategy that combined similar arrays of local wild meat sources with pork or beef regardless of the national affiliation of the colony, the ethnicity of the colonists, or the century in which colonization occurred.
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Baloh, Robert W. The War Years and Bárány’s Decision to Leave Vienna. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190600129.003.0010.

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As the conflict in Adam Politzer’s clinic heated up and with the approach of World War I, Robert Bárány volunteered for service in the army medical corps, in keeping with his pacifist ideas. Although he could have been excused from military service because of his ankylosed knee, Bárány was swept up in the wave of patriotism prevalent in Vienna. He was immediately assigned as an army surgeon to a hospital in the fortress of Przemysl near the Russian border. Przemysl was eventually overrun by Russian troops, and Bárány was transported along with more than 100,000 other prisoners in cattle cars across the Russian steppe to Turkistan. It was during his stay in Russia that Bárány received the exciting news from the Swedish minister in St. Petersburg that he had been awarded the 1914 Nobel Prize in Medicine for his work on the caloric reaction.
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Franzen, Trisha. Unanticipated Challenges. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038150.003.0008.

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This chapter examines the final years of Anna Howard Shaw's presidency from 1913 to 1915. By 1913 Anna Shaw could see the end of the struggle. The movement to extend that basic right of equal citizenship—full suffrage—to all women now had sufficient momentum to see it through to the final victory. After years of slow progress and the efforts of generations of women, Shaw was leading “the cause” with new leaders and organizations, extensive financial resources, regular attention from the media and politicians, and finally new suffrage gains in major western states. However, though she believed the success was inevitable and near, the final years of her presidency threw up hurdles that complicated Shaw's leadership and administrative efforts. This period, during a tremendous period of suffrage activism, Shaw confronted new difficulties and made occasional, but significant, missteps in her efforts to close the final chapter of the suffrage struggle. At that 1915 NAWSA Convention in Washington, D. C., Shaw turned the leadership position to Carrie Chapman Catt.
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Book chapters on the topic "Neat cattle"

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Fox, Danny G., and Michael E. Van Amburgh. "Modeling Growth of Cattle for Application within the Structure of the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 267–85. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9019-8_18.

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Willham, R. L. "What is Next in Beef Breeding?" In Beef Cattle Science Handbook, 331–40. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429045189-41.

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Gosey, J. A. "Beef Cattle Selection Opportunities for Net Merit." In Beef Cattle Science Handbook, 370–75. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429045189-46.

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Pavao-Zuckerman, Barnet, Heather A. Lapham, and Gregory A. Waselkov. "Bears, Bear Grounds, and Bovines in the Lower Southeast." In Bears, 217–34. University Press of Florida, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683401384.003.0010.

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In the late eighteenth century, U.S. Indian agent Benjamin Hawkins observed that Creeks maintained “beloved bear-grounds” near towns to protect bear habitat. However, Hawkins also noted, “as the cattle increase and the bear decrease, they are hunted in common.” Hawkins’ observations suggest a relationship between the frequency of the two species, and zooarchaeological assemblages from Creek towns support this hypothesis. A frequency index of bear and cattle remains indicate that as cattle increased over time, bear decreased precipitously. Creek hunters initially despised cattle, believing that beef would make the consumer slow and dim-witted. However, with the decline of the deerskin trade, Creek hunters turned to animal husbandry. The best graze for cattle was found in the “beloved bear grounds” and cattle husbandry quickly devastated native bear habitats. By the end of the eighteenth century, cattle displaced bears from their native habitat, and replaced bears in Creek life.
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Bollongino, Ruth, and Joachim Burger. "Neolithic cattle domestication as seen from ancient DNA." In Going Over: The Mesolithic-Neolithic Transition in North-West Europe. British Academy, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264140.003.0009.

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Studies on modern cattle populations demonstrate the relations of the two major cattle breeds, the humpless taurine cattle (B. Taurus) and the Asian humped zebu (B. indicus). Studies by Loftus et al. (1994), Bradley et al. (1996), and MacHugh et al. (1997) showed that these two groups stem from independent domestication events in different geographical regions. Concerning the taurine cattle, recent population studies show that today the genetic diversity is highest in the Near and Middle East. This is an indication of the centre of origin in this region. But modern data can be biased by recent breeding practices and introgression. Only the analysis of ancient samples can help to get at detailed information about prehistoric situations. This chapter presents ancient mitochondrial data from 40 domestic cattle and 17 aurochs samples (plus ancient bison for comparison) that date mainly to the Neolithic, but which also include some of Mesolithic and Bronze Age date.
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Skillen, James R. "Introduction." In This Land is My Land, 1–6. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197500699.003.0001.

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In April 2014, near Bunkerville, Nevada, Cliven Bundy and hundreds of armed supporters faced off with federal law enforcement officers who were removing his trespassing cattle from federal lands. Bundy described himself as the victim of a rogue federal government that trampled the US Constitution and deprived him of basic rights, and he was ready to “take this country back by force.”...
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Price, Max D. "Out of the Cradle." In Evolution of a Taboo, 48–61. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197543276.003.0004.

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Pigs, sheep, goats, and cattle constituted the package of domesticated animals that spread throughout the Near East, and later to Central and South Asia, Europe, and Africa. But domestic pig husbandry spread more slowly, often appearing centuries or even millennia after the domestication of ruminants. Environmental and cultural factors were likely responsible for this slow spread. During the Late Neolithic, people innovated agriculture and livestock-keeping strategies. These included intensive forms of pig husbandry, perhaps in order to supply pork for feasts. In addition, by the Chalcolithic period, people intensified ruminant management in order to maximize the exploitation of secondary products. This led to the “secondary products revolution.” As a result, while the other barnyard animals became increasingly tied to wealth in the Chalcolithic and Bronze Age—cattle for their ability to provide traction power, sheep and goats for their wool/hair—pigs were excluded from this development.
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Ndao, Séga. "Analysis of Inputs Parameters Used to Estimate Enteric Methane Emission Factors Applying a Tier 2 Model: Case Study of Native Cattle in Senegal." In Animal Feed Science and Nutrition - Health and Environment [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99810.

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In the context of the Paris Agreement, and considering the importance of methane emissions from cattle in West Africa, application of a Tier 2 method to estimate enteric methane emission factors is clearly pertinent. The current study has two purposes. Firstly, it aims to detect how much each input parameter contributes to the overall uncertainty of enteric methane emission factors for cattle. Secondly, it aims to identify which input parameters require additional research efforts for strengthening the evidence base, thus reducing the uncertainty of methane enteric emission factors. Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis methodologies were applied to input parameters in the calculation of enteric methane emission factors for lactating cows and adult male Senegalese native cattle using the IPCC Tier 2 model. The results show that the IPCC default input parameters, such as the coefficient for calculating net energy for maintenance (Cfi), digestible energy (DE) and the methane conversion rate (Ym) are the first, second and third most important input parameters, respectively, in terms of their contribution to uncertainty of the enteric methane emission factor. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that future research in Senegal should prioritize the development of Ym, Cfi and DE in order to estimate enteric methane emission factors more accurately and to reduce the uncertainty of the national agricultural greenhouse gas inventory.
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Havstad, Kris M., and Laura F. Huenneke. "Grazing Livestock Management in an Arid Ecosystem." In Structure and Function of a Chihuahuan Desert Ecosystem. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195117769.003.0017.

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The history of livestock grazing in the Jornada Basin of southern New Mexico is a relatively recent story, but one of profound implications. For four centuries this region has supported a rangeland livestock industry— initially sheep (Ovis aries), goats (Capra aegagrus hircus), and cattle (Bos taurus and Bos indicus), but primarily beef cattle for the past 130 years. Throughout this brief history of a domesticated ruminant in an ecosystem without a significant presence of large hoofed mammals as part of its evolutionary development, the livestock industry has continually grappled with high degrees of temporal and spatial variation in forage production. Management of this consumptive use, whether during Spanish, Mexican, U.S. territorial, U.S. federal, or New Mexican governments, has constantly reaffirmed the need for grazing management to be flexible and responsive to the stress of droughts. The history of anecdotal experiences has been more recently augmented by scientific investigations first initiated in 1915. This chapter outlines the general history of livestock in this region, defining characteristics of herbivory in arid lands, and principles of grazing management derived from nearly a century of studies on grazing by large domesticated herbivores. Seventeen ships carried 1,200 people and enough cattle, horses, sheep, and pigs to colonize northern Hispaniola during Columbus’s second voyage in 1493. Livestock originating from the Andalusian Plain of southern Spain were loaded aboard ship at the southern port of Cádiz and the Canary Islands before making the 22- day voyage (Rouse 1977). It was not until 1521 that Gregorio Villalobos unloaded livestock in New Spain (Mexico) near Tampico; the actual number of cattle and their origin are disputed. Rouse (1977) claimed that 50 calves were transported to the mainland from either Cuba or Hispaniola, whereas Peplow (1958) and Wellman (1954) claimed 6 animals arrived from Hispaniola. Irrespective of the initial numbers, livestock were soon moved north from the Mexico City area during the early sixteenth century with both missionaries and resource extraction industries as retired military officers and Spanish nobility built a mining- and grazing-based economy throughout the region of present-day northern Mexico.
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Johnsen, William A. "Mimetic Theory, the Wall Paintings, and the Domestication, De-domestication, and Sacrifice of Cattle at Çatalhöyük." In Violence and the Sacred in the Ancient Near East, 153–64. Cambridge University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108567626.008.

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Conference papers on the topic "Neat cattle"

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Hoskins, S., T. Sobering, D. Andresen, and S. Warren. "Near-field wireless magnetic link for an ingestible cattle health monitoring pill." In 2009 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2009.5332812.

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Valadares Filho, S. C., P. M. Amaral, D. Zanetti, L. D. S. Mariz, S. A. Santos, S. A. Lopes, L. F. Prados, et al. "Net essential amino acids requirements for Nellore and crossbred Angus × Nellore cattle." In 6th EAAP International Symposium on Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-891-9_151.

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Quliyeva, Zeyneb. "RELATIONS OF THE ENEOLITHIC CULTURE OF NAKHICHEVAN WITH THE NEAR EAST." In ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL CULTURES OF CENTRAL ASIA (THE FORMATION, DEVELOPMENT AND INTERACTION OF URBANIZED AND CATTLE-BREEDING SOCIETIES). Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907298-09-5-89-91.

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Sharov, Oleg. "CHRONOLOGY OF THE CULT COMPLEXES NEAR THE VILLAGE OF TARAKTASH IN THE EASTERN CRIMEA." In ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL CULTURES OF CENTRAL ASIA (THE FORMATION, DEVELOPMENT AND INTERACTION OF URBANIZED AND CATTLE-BREEDING SOCIETIES). Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907298-09-5-231-233.

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Hashimova, Turan. "RELATIONS OF POLYCHROME PAINTED CERAMICS FROM THE SETTLEMENT OF KIZKALA WITH THE NEAR EAST." In ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL CULTURES OF CENTRAL ASIA (THE FORMATION, DEVELOPMENT AND INTERACTION OF URBANIZED AND CATTLE-BREEDING SOCIETIES). Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907298-09-5-55-57.

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Silva, F. A. S., P. Del Bianco Benedeti, B. C. Silva, M. V. C. Pacheco, L. A. Godoi, H. M. Alhadas, S. A. Lopes, et al. "Development of equation to predict the net protein requirements for growth of Zebu beef cattle." In 6th EAAP International Symposium on Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-891-9_150.

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Ünlü, Elif Işılay, and Ahmet Çınar. "Lesion Detection on Skin Images Using Improved U-Net." In International Students Science Congress. Izmir International Guest Student Association, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52460/issc.2021.022.

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The fate of transgenic DNA (tDNA) and protein of feeds from Genetically Modified organisms (GMOs) in animals has been an important topic since their commercialization in 1996. Several studies have investigated about risks of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of tDNA and proteins to bacteria or animal cells/tissues, however, the reported data is at times controversial. Earlier reports showed that tDNA fragments or protein derived from GM plants have not been detected in tissues, fluids, or edible products of farm animals. Other researchers have come out to demonstrate that there is the possibility of small fragments leaking out into the animal tissues, fluids and organs. This motivated us to update our knowledge about these concerns. Therefore, this review aimed at assessing the likely transfer and accumulation of tDNA/ proteins from transgenic feeds to animal (ruminants and non-ruminants) samples through evaluating the available experimental scientific published studies. This study has found out that the tDNA or protein is not completely degraded during feed processing and digestion in the Gastro-Intestinal Tract (GIT). In large ruminants (Cattle), tDNA fragments/protein have been detected in the GIT digesta, ruminal fluid and feces. In small ruminants (Goats), traces of tDNA/proteins have been detected in the GIT digesta, blood, milk, liver, kidney, heart and muscle. In pigs, they have been detected in blood, spleen, liver kidney and in the GIT digesta. In poultry, traces have been seen in blood, liver and GIT digesta but not in meat and Eggs. Regardless of some studies that have shown the transfer of tDNA/protein fragments to animal samples, we cannot base on these few studies to give a piece of general evidence about their transfer into tissues/fluids and organs of livestock animals. However, this study clearly shows possible transfer, hence intensive and authentic research on GM crops should be done before they are allowed for commercial use, studying issues like the fate of tDNA or proteins and the effect of feeding GM feeds to livestock.
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Munir, Handy Ali, Nordin Saad, Syed Alwee Aljunid Syed Junid, Ahmad Mujahid Ahmad Zaidi, and Mohd Zuki Yusoff. "Fundamental study and analysis of CAT5e cable for NEXT and ELFEXT." In 2012 4th International Conference on Intelligent & Advanced Systems (ICIAS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icias.2012.6306190.

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Annamalai, K., C. J. Chen, B. Thien, and J. Sweeten. "Performance of a Co-Fired Boiler Burner With Water Injection." In ASME 2002 Engineering Technology Conference on Energy. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/etce2002/cae-29016.

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A Co-firing technology with coal:biomass blends is expected to reduce land application requirements for manure based biomass wastes, and provide a renewable, low cost, and zero net fossil based CO2 fuel. The choice of low BTU biomass fuels may include conventional agricultural or unconventional animal based biomass fuels depending upon local availability and transportation costs. For power plants located near feedlots where cattle are fattened for slaughter, the best choice of renewable biomass fuel is feedlot manure, properly referred to as feedlot biomass (FB). Coal can be mixed with FB in a 90:10 (coal:FB) ratio by mass and fired in existing boiler burners. A 30 KW (100,000 BTU/hr) boiler burner facility was built and tested for firing coal or coal-FB blends at Texas A&M University. FB has a moisture content ranging from 20% to 40% moisture, but most of the previous data have been generated using low moisture FB (<10% moisture) due to problems processing moist manure. The current work will investigate the effect of different moisture levels using external water injection. The boiler burner was modified with an air atomizing water injector. At a fixed equivalence ratio and swirl number for the secondary inlet air stream, the effect of different moisture levels and different biomass particles on boiler performance was investigated. NOx, O2, and CO profiles along the axis of the furnace were obtained. The effect of atomizing air on the co-firing performance was also investigated. The results are summarized as follows: just with atomizing air is the wter injector, the NOx concentrations increased from 350 ppm to 650 ppm while CO decreased from 46,000 ppm to 18,000 ppm. External water injection decreased the NOx pollutant emissions from 570 ppm (zero external water) to 300 ppm (40% water in FB), but increased CO emissions from 2,500 ppm (zero external water) to 10,500 ppm (40% water in FB) due to incomplete combustion. Smaller sized particles of FB in the blended fuel produced less NOx but more CO.
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Fontanelli, Glauco F. "Surface Water Quality in Onshore E&P Activities in State of Espi´rito Santo, Brazil." In ASME 2002 Engineering Technology Conference on Energy. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/etce2002/ee-29142.

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This paper analyses which parameters may be in fact contributing for changing in water quality in Suruaca coastal lowland region, north of Espirito Santo, Brazil (Fig. 1). It is a low and plain area, with freatic level near surface, highly deforested, where there is a dominance of activities such as petroleum exploration and production, extensive cattle breeding and plantations of eucalyptus trees. Water quality monitoring surveys that have been carried out comprise 27 parameters at total, and some anomalies have been reported. From bibliographic search and interview with people who know the area, main economic activities in the region are defined, as well as raw materials utilized by them. Raw materials are analised by means of leaching, solubility, X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence. Thus, it is tried to find links between parameters with anomalous concentrations and economic activities. Besides human sources, there are natural sources that are also contributing for changing the water quality of the region, but they are only mentioned in this paper. This paper shows that not all parameters analised need a continuity of monitoring, since both the characteristics of the economic activities placed in the studied area and the monitoring results give this away. On the other hand, there are other parameters that demand deeper researches, since they occur at concentrations higher than expected. For these latter parameters are related, as possible, the activities more likely of being contributing for its presence with concentrations above the allowable level. It is not possible to evaluate the origin of the anomalous concentrations for barium, lead and mercury.
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