Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Necessidades e demandas de serviços de saúde'
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Silva, Jennifer do Vale e. "Necessidades de saúde : subsídios a crítica do pensar/fazer saúde." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2012. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/9299.
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The health needs of the population are not answered satisfactorily, outlining challenges of various orders to health practices. Overcoming this scenario implies knowing the needs of social groups and creating tools and strategies to meet them, which requires efforts of sciences and practices in public health.This research examines health needs in urban peripheries of a midsize city in Northeast Brazil. Anchored in the dialectical method, needs were analyzed in conjunction with their entirety, seeking clarification of mediations and contradictions involved.Semi-structured interviews were conducted with residents,besides field observations, questionnaires, as well as documentary research. They evidenced five sets of needs: need for biomedical products and services; need for money to consume biomedical products and services; need for healthy food; need for healthy habits; and need for good interpersonal relationships with employees of health services.Although grouped together, those needs are singular to the individual and collective lifestyles, woven into a web that articulates social, political, cultural, economic, scientific and media actors; and reveal contradictions that are mostly unfavorable to meet the health needs and a process of social reproduction that is strongly targeted to the accumulation of capital.Health needs are multidimensional,they assume diverse forms and contents, according to the specificities of life and health of individuals and groups. For their recognition, they require methodsenrolled in different research traditions, being only partially captured by the epidemiological indicators traditionally used in health systems.
As necessidades de saúde da população não são atendidas de forma satisfatória, delineando desafios de diversas ordens às práticas de saúde. A superação deste cenário implica conhecer as necessidades dos grupos sociais e criar instrumentos e estratégias para atendê-las, o que requer esforços das ciências e práticas em saúde coletiva. Esta pesquisa analisa necessidades de saúde em periferias urbanas de uma cidade média do Nordeste brasileiro. Ancorado no método dialético, as necessidades foram analisadas em sua articulação com a totalidade, buscando a explicitação das mediações e contradições envolvidas. Realizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas com moradores, observações de campo, aplicação de questionário, além de pesquisa documental. Evidenciaram-se cinco conjuntos de necessidades: necessidade de produtos e serviços biomédicos; necessidade de dinheiro para consumir produtos e serviços biomédicos; necessidade de alimentos saudáveis; necessidade de hábitos saudáveis; e necessidade de boas relações interpessoais com os trabalhadores dos serviços de saúde. Embora agrupadas, elas são singulares aos modos de vida individuais e coletivos, tecidos numa trama que articula atores sociais, políticos, culturais, econômicos, científicos e midiáticos; e revelam contradições em sua maioria desfavoráveis à satisfação das necessidades de saúde e um processo de reprodução social fortemente direcionado para a acumulação do capital. As necessidades de saúde são multidimensionais, assumem conteúdos e formas diversificadas, conforme as especificidades de vida e saúde dos sujeitos individuais e coletivos. Carecem, para sua apreensão, de métodos inscritos em diferentes tradições de pesquisa, sendo apenas parcialmente capturadas pelos indicadores epidemiológicos tradicionalmente utilizados nos sistemas de saúde.
Nayme, João Guilherme Rodrigues. "Organização da demanda no serviço Odontológico do Sistema Único de Saúde /." Araçatuba, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/115957.
Full textBanca: Renato Moreira Arcieri
Banca: Roosevelt da Silva Barros
Resumo: O Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) trouxe reformulações políticas e a reorganização de serviços de saúde bucal, baseadas em princípios doutrinários: universalidade, eqüidade e integralidade. O estudo teve como objetivo analisar e descrever a organização da demanda de pacientes, do serviço de saúde bucal de um município do estado de São Paulo, com enfoque na organização e na resolubilidade do serviço. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, quanti-qualitativo descritivo dos serviços de saúde bucal, ofertados à população no município de Penápolis - SP. Foram utilizadas diversas estratégias metodológicas: análise documental, análise de dados secundários e entrevista semiestruturada com a Coordenadora de Saúde Bucal do município para obtenção de informações sobre o funcionamento e organização específicas do sistema de saúde do município. Foram analisados prontuários dos pacientes atendidos no período de dezembro a janeiro de 2010 no Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas e descrito o fluxo de pacientes, referenciados e contra-referênciados entre a Atenção Básica e Atenção Secundária. Categorias foram pré-definidas e ajustadas para análise: Descrição da rede de serviços odontológicos; Organização e Integração da Atenção Básica e Atenção Especializada; Procedimentos referenciados ao Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas, que tiveram no mínimo a primeira consulta; Procedimentos referenciados ao Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas, que tiveram tratamento especializado realizado; Tempo necessário para a conclusão do tratamento no Centro de Especialidade Odontológica; Número de consultas para conclusão do tratamento. A Atenção Básica Odontológica possui 10 Cirurgiões-Dentistas, 5 Equipes de Saúde Bucal e um Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas com 5 especialistas. O encaminhamento entre os níveis...
Abstract: The Brazilian Health System (SUS) brought reformulations on policies and reorganization of dental services, based on doctrine principles: universality, equality and integrality. The study had the aim to analyze and describe the organization of patients' demand, on dental services from a city of São Paulo State, focusing on organization, resolution of service. It's an exploratory and descriptive study with quantitative and qualitative characteristic of dental services offered to population from Penápolis-SP. It was used many methodological strategies: documental analysis, analysis of secondary data and semi-structured interview with the Coordinator of Dental Health from the studied city about the functioning and specific organization of city. It was also analyzed the recorders of patients attended on Centre of Dental Specialties and it was described the flow of patients referred and back-referred between Primary and Secondary Attention. Categories were predefined and adjusted: description of dental services net; Organization and Integration of Primary and Specialized Attention; Proceedings referred to Centre of Dental Specialties that had at least the first consult; Proceedings referred to the Centre of Dental Specialties that had completed the specialized treatment; The time necessary for conclusion in the Centre of Dental Specialties, Number of consults to conclude the specialized treatment. The Primary Dental Attention has 10 dentists, 5 teams of Oral Health and one Centre of Dental Specialties with 5 experts. The reference between the levels of attention is performed by records, developed on the own service and it indicate the needed specialty. In the Centre of Dental Specialties it was registered 1236 proceedings referred from Primary Attention, among them, 623 to endodontic (50,4%). It was concluded 757 (62,6%) cases...
Mestre
Salomão, Maria Lúcia Machado. "Necessidades de adolescentes atendidos em Unidades Básicas de Saúde do Município de São José do Rio Preto e as suas demandas para o cuidado em saúde: encontros e desencontros." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-25062009-104433/.
Full textAdolescence is considered one of the periods of the human development, presenting specific characteristics from which health needs are derived. Theories about this life stage in several fields of knowledge such as Anthropology, Sociology, Psychology, Medicine, to name a few, contributed to the understanding of those needs. Faced with the amplitude and the complexity which, nowadays, adolescence consists of, this study made possible the proximity to some important aspects to the adolescent health. The organization of the health care services influenced both on the perception of the adolescent needs and on their treatment. The purpose of this study is to understand the health needs of adolescents treated in Primary Health Care Services as they were reported by adolescents, their families and professionals who treat them in the city of São José do Rio Preto. The nature of the methodology adopted was qualitative using the Focus Group technique. The instrument of the present study was a topic-guided questionnaire (talking about health, health needs, treatment received regarding those needs, easiness or difficulties in the treatment and expectations concerning it). It was held meetings with nine groups (three of each category adolescents, their families and professionals who treat them). The meetings were recorded, consisting of the empirical data analyzed after being transcribed, with topics being identified from them. It was intended to recognize the perception of the subjects of the study over health needs, expressed as requirements to health care services. It was meant as requirement the search for health care services. The perceptions of health and sickness taken in the narratives of the interviewed people raised issues about health situations and illness, although being predominant issues on health as promotion and prevention. It was identified similarities and differences among the narratives of adolescents, parents and professionals, taking into consideration psycho-emotional and cognitive elements of socialization, sickness or health care services used. The standard use of the services, and care and self-care pointed out easiness and difficulties found everyday in the health services, and the narratives with suggestions concerning primary attention to health raised the expectations of help to care of sickness, promotion and prevention. It was identified important aspects to the development of measures regarding the attention to the adolescent health in Primary Health Care Services, mainly in the region of São José do Rio Preto. For all the subjects in this study, those health needs or health problems, although similar to each other, and including the help expectations, are not considered part of the work process in the health services and these services are not considered part of the adolescent life. Taking care of the adolescent means much more than treating and healing, it is beyond the medical healing treatment. The present study reinforces the idea that adolescents should be considered subjects with needs and actual rights concerning the several aspects of socialization and mental health, sexuality, sickness situations and the use of the health services.
Yonekura, Tatiana. "Necessidades de saúde: construção de instrumento para o planejamento regional em saúde." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7141/tde-15052017-151528/.
Full textThis work takes as its object of study the health needs identification by an instrument for both managers and technicians of health planning and management areas. The study has considered the theoretical-methodological framework of Collective Health, and in particular Critical Epidemiology, which is based on the social reproduction category to explain different health-disease profiles in a given territory. Objective: to develop an instrument to assess health needs aiming at subsidizing regional planning in health. Method: This is a methodological study. This study was developed in four stages: Stage 1. An integrative literature review to identify existing instruments for health needs assessment; Stage 2. Semi-structured and individual interviews with health managers to understand difficulties in needs assessment. The data was recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by content analysis; Stage 3. Development of an instrument for health needs assessment to subsidize regional planning in health; and Stage 4. Content validation by a committee of experts, by means of the Delphi technique and content validity index. Results: In relation to the integrative review, 17 instruments for needs assessment were identified; the 123 variables used to identify needs were grouped into three categories: social reproduction needs, State presence needs, and political participation needs. In relation to the interviews, seven health managers of the metropolitan region of Espirito Santo State took part in this study. Four categories composed by 11 themes were analyzed: (1) Understanding of the health needs concept, with one theme; (2) Social reproduction needs, with two themes; (3) State presence needs, with seven themes; and (4) Political participation needs, with one theme. The instrument development included adding both literature review and the interviews findings, resulting in a material divided in introduction and five modules (Module A Identification of social classes, Module B Territory recognition, Module C Social reproduction needs, Module D State presence needs, and Module E Political participation needs). The content validation was performed by eight experts. In general the content validity index of the introduction as well as the modules was higher than 0.9, what represents adequate clarity, pertinence, and relevance. Only one item was scored as low clarity (0.75), therefore needed to be reformulated. Other modifications were made according to the experts suggestion. Conclusion: The instrument that has been developed has potential to identify health needs by analyzing social inequalities of the different territories. However, it should be considered that the instrument, by itself, is unable to raise awareness among managers and technicians of state and municipal secretaries in order to use and analyze data. Therefore, it should be used as part of educational processes that include the study of its theoretical-methodological framework.
Nayme, João Guilherme Rodrigues [UNESP]. "Organização da demanda no serviço Odontológico do Sistema Único de Saúde." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/115957.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) trouxe reformulações políticas e a reorganização de serviços de saúde bucal, baseadas em princípios doutrinários: universalidade, eqüidade e integralidade. O estudo teve como objetivo analisar e descrever a organização da demanda de pacientes, do serviço de saúde bucal de um município do estado de São Paulo, com enfoque na organização e na resolubilidade do serviço. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, quanti-qualitativo descritivo dos serviços de saúde bucal, ofertados à população no município de Penápolis – SP. Foram utilizadas diversas estratégias metodológicas: análise documental, análise de dados secundários e entrevista semiestruturada com a Coordenadora de Saúde Bucal do município para obtenção de informações sobre o funcionamento e organização específicas do sistema de saúde do município. Foram analisados prontuários dos pacientes atendidos no período de dezembro a janeiro de 2010 no Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas e descrito o fluxo de pacientes, referenciados e contra-referênciados entre a Atenção Básica e Atenção Secundária. Categorias foram pré-definidas e ajustadas para análise: Descrição da rede de serviços odontológicos; Organização e Integração da Atenção Básica e Atenção Especializada; Procedimentos referenciados ao Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas, que tiveram no mínimo a primeira consulta; Procedimentos referenciados ao Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas, que tiveram tratamento especializado realizado; Tempo necessário para a conclusão do tratamento no Centro de Especialidade Odontológica; Número de consultas para conclusão do tratamento. A Atenção Básica Odontológica possui 10 Cirurgiões-Dentistas, 5 Equipes de Saúde Bucal e um Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas com 5 especialistas. O encaminhamento entre os níveis...
The Brazilian Health System (SUS) brought reformulations on policies and reorganization of dental services, based on doctrine principles: universality, equality and integrality. The study had the aim to analyze and describe the organization of patients’ demand, on dental services from a city of São Paulo State, focusing on organization, resolution of service. It’s an exploratory and descriptive study with quantitative and qualitative characteristic of dental services offered to population from Penápolis-SP. It was used many methodological strategies: documental analysis, analysis of secondary data and semi-structured interview with the Coordinator of Dental Health from the studied city about the functioning and specific organization of city. It was also analyzed the recorders of patients attended on Centre of Dental Specialties and it was described the flow of patients referred and back-referred between Primary and Secondary Attention. Categories were predefined and adjusted: description of dental services net; Organization and Integration of Primary and Specialized Attention; Proceedings referred to Centre of Dental Specialties that had at least the first consult; Proceedings referred to the Centre of Dental Specialties that had completed the specialized treatment; The time necessary for conclusion in the Centre of Dental Specialties, Number of consults to conclude the specialized treatment. The Primary Dental Attention has 10 dentists, 5 teams of Oral Health and one Centre of Dental Specialties with 5 experts. The reference between the levels of attention is performed by records, developed on the own service and it indicate the needed specialty. In the Centre of Dental Specialties it was registered 1236 proceedings referred from Primary Attention, among them, 623 to endodontic (50,4%). It was concluded 757 (62,6%) cases...
Arantes, Mariana Quites. "O cuidado em saúde: um enfoque sob necessidades de saúde na ótica de enfermeiros (as) na estratégia de saúde da família." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22133/tde-05112012-202252/.
Full textThis study deals with the practice of graduated nursing professionals who work in services of Primary Health Care Network, especially in the Family Health Strategy (FHS). It aims to analyze how nurses identify and intervene in health needs presented by the users who demand the health services of three Family Health Units, located in the city of Marilia, state of São Paulo, besides to understand the difficulties and facilities of nurses to develop nursing practice, in view of the production of health care. It consists of a descriptive and qualitative study. For data collection, free observation and semi-structured interview were used. The free observation was during the scheduled and possible attendances occurred in the unit and also at the home visit. Participants were three nurses form the FHS in the north zone of the city. For data analysis, the Thematic Content Analysis was used. During the analysis it was possible to identify a thematic unit related to the identification and interventions performed by nurses, who were subjects of this research, and two subunits: episodic events and previous problems and episodic events and current problems. The results showed predominance of the identification of health needs as a synonym of complaints, and in the interventions, the reasoning in biological knowledge prevailed. Regarding the facilities mentioned by the nurses are the bond and autonomy for some procedures, and the difficulties highlighted were the lack of human resources, non-compliance of users in relation to collective activities, among others. Thus it is concluded that investments are needed in training and qualification of nurses to change their practice in health, nowadays focused on the disease, for a practice based on an expanded concept of health-disease process, so that the satisfaction of needs, desires and doubts of the users becomes the focus of nursing care. It is necessary to use the Continuing Education in the setting of health work in primary care and thus provide a qualified listening of workers, especially nurses, who work in health services.
Amarante, Lidiane Cintia de Souza 1988. "Caracterização da demanda dos serviços de saúde em unidades de pronto atendimento segundo critérios classificação de risco, características sociodemográficas e superutilização." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290870.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Este estudo é composto por três artigos, cujo objetivo principal foi caracterizar o perfil dos usuários nos serviços de saúde em Unidade de Pronto Atendimento (UPA) em um município de médio porte no Estado de São Paulo, baseado nos critérios de classificação de risco, e em seus contextos sociodemográficos, socioeconômicos, geográficos e de superutilização do serviço. O Estudo 1 foi realizado em duas Unidades de Pronto Atendimento e teve como objetivo investigar as características de usuários que foram classificados com critérios de risco urgente e não urgente, por meio de entrevistas individuais com uma amostra representativa de 756 usuários. Além disso, buscou-se investigar se houve associações entre as características sociodemográficas, autopercepção da saúde, doença crônica, acesso a Unidade de Saúde da Família (USF) e Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS), barreiras de acesso, meio de transporte, entre outros (variáveis independentes), com a procura pelo atendimento se apresentava risco urgente ou não urgente. Os resultados mostraram que os indivíduos classificados como não urgentes possuíam os seguintes fatores associados: eram aposentados, foram até o serviço de urgência caminhando ou de Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU), portadores de doenças crônicas, tinham autopercepção de que seu estado de saúde era urgente, foi encaminhado por conta própria/familiar. O estudo 2 foi realizado a partir de dados secundários coletados em uma UPA entre os anos de 2011 a 2012. A partir dos dados coletados, foi realizada inicialmente uma análise descritiva, apresentando a frequência dos usuários segundo sexo, idade, bairro onde reside e seu índice de exclusão social, horário em que procurou atendimento (manhã, tarde, noite) e a classificação de risco individual se urgente ou não urgente. Em um segundo momento, foi empregado teste estatístico para se avaliar as características associadas aos usuários que procuram pelos serviços da UPA com maior frequência (> 4 consultas). A variável desfecho "superutilização do serviço" foi associada ao grupo de indivíduos gestantes, crianças, idosos, deficientes físicos e mentais. No artigo 3 foi realizado um estudo qualitativo, utilizando-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo com objetivo de apresentar as motivações de usuários classificados com necessidade de atendimento não urgente. Dentre as motivações para a busca de atendimento nas UPA, foram detectadas seis categorias principais: falta de infraestrutura do posto de saúde mais próximo; percepção de dor e sintomas de emergência; proximidade casa/trabalho; demora de agendamento e atendimento na Atenção Primária a Saúde (APS); qualidade do atendimento na UPA; hábito de utilização da UPA. Desta forma pretendeu-se contribuir para o aperfeiçoamento do processo de trabalho em saúde e qualificação dos serviços de urgência e emergência
Abstract: This study consists of three articles whose main objective was to characterize the profile of users in health services in Emergency Unit in a medium-sized municipality in the State of São Paulo, based on the classification criteria of risk, and their contexts demographic, socioeconomic, geographic and overutilization. Study 1 was conducted in two Emergency Care Units and aimed to investigate the characteristics of a sample of users that were ranked with criteria for urgent and non-urgent risk, through individual interviews with a representative sample of 756 users. Furthermore, we sought to investigate whether there were associations between sociodemographic characteristics, self-perceived health, chronic disease, access to USF/UBS, access barriers, transportation, among others (independent variables), with demand for care is presented risk urgent or not urgent. The results showed that individuals classified as non-urgent had the following associated factors: retired, went to the emergency department or walking SAMU, patients with chronic diseases, self-perception that their health condition was urgent referral for own/family account. Study 2 was conducted using secondary data collected in the Emergency Unit "Alfredo José de Castro" between the years 2011-2012. From the data collected, was initially performed a descriptive analysis showing the frequency of users by gender, age, neighborhood where he resides and its index of social exclusion, a time when tried to call (morning, afternoon, night) and the classification of individual risk is urgent or not urgent. In a second step, statistical test was used to assess the characteristics associated with users looking for UPA services more frequently (> 4 visits). The outcome variable" overutilization of service" was associated with the group of pregnant individuals, children, elderly, the physically and mentally disabled. In Article 3: A qualitative study was conducted, we used the technique of content analysis in order to test the motivations of users ranked in need of non-urgent care. Among the motivations for seeking care in the Emergency Care Units, were detected six major categories: lack of infrastructure of the nearest health post, perception of pain and symptoms of emergency, home / work proximity; takes care of scheduling and PHC, quality of care in the UPA; habit. In this way it was intended to contribute to the improvement of the work process in health and qualification of urgent and emergency services
Mestrado
Saude Coletiva
Mestra em Odontologia
Tavares, Luciane Santiago. "Demanda total por anticoncepção no Brasil: uso e necessidade insatisfeita por métodos anticoncepcionais." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2006. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/5234.
Full textObjetivo geral desta dissertação é analisar a demanda total por métodos anticoncepcionais, avaliando os seus componentes, uso de métodos anticoncepcionais e de necessidade insatisfeita por tais métodos, utilizando os registros da Pesquisa Nacional de Demoia e Saúde realizada no Brasil em 1996 (PNDS-1996). Neste estudo, as análises do processo de escolha dos métodos reversíveis e irreversíveis sãodesenvolvidas separadamente, uma vez que há diferença na tomada de decisão em torno da adoção de cada um deles. Em todos esses modelos, a estrutura hierárquica dos dados foi levada em conta, na medida em que mulheres de uma mesma comunidade (setor censitário e município) devem apresentar atitudes e comportamentos semelhantes em relação ao uso de métodos contraceptivos. (...) Os resultados demonstram que nas regiões mais favorecidas economicamente existe um maior acesso a métodos contraceptivos reversíveis e isto provavelmente reduz a chance da adoção da esterilização feminina como prática dominante para o planejamento familiar. Observamos que o nível educacional da mulher é um forte preditor do uso de métodos reversíveis e esterilização. Quanto à necessidade insatisfeita por métodos anticoncepcionais encontramos uma necessidade insatisfeita para limitar maior do que para espaçar em todas as regiões. Observamos ainda que a região Nordeste apresenta a maior probabilidade de necessidade insatisfeita do País e que as mulheres com maior nível de escolaridade são menos propensas a ter uma necessidade insatisfeita para limitar. Sendo assim, os programas de planejamento familiar devem ser implementados para proporcionar um ambiente acolhedor, de fácil acesso, com informação, disponibilidade e oferta de diferentes métodos contraceptivos. A integralidade nas ações de saúde e o atendimento universal à população brasileira ainda se constituem num objetivo a ser alcançado pelas políticas de saúde no Brasil.
Souza, Carolina Rogel de. "Construção social da demanda em saúde: como a oferta modela a demanda?" Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6135/tde-23042018-144939/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: The public health care service is expected to recognize and resolve, as far as possible, the health problems of the population. And from Primary Health Care (PHC)* we hope that it will capture many of the conditions that affect people\'s health. The proposal of the National Basic Attention Policy (PNAB), in Brazil, states \"universal access\" and \"attention to health needs\" as part of AB\'s fundamentals and guidelines, viewing it as a joint construction - worker and user - in order to produce health within the institutions and the surrounding territory. AIM: The main theme of the work is to know and analyze how the Health Center recognizes and responds to the users´ and institutions´ needs in it´s present territory. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The methodology used for data collection was the participant observation of the daily life of the unit; aiming at gathering data about the chosen Health Unit and the constitution of its territory, the in-depth interview and the field diary production. The study site consisted of two different Health Centers in the city of São Paulo. The subjects were constituted by the professionals of the health service and its users. The form of analysis of the findings was hermeneutic-dialectic, considering that the material produced came from a set of statements of several actors, at different times, about the same theme. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The user embracement in the UBS was analized, the way it is organized, the feelings it arouses in the workers and how it interferes in the service flow of the unit. There are possibilities reported for listening in the user\'s meeting with the worker and how meetings can be totally technical and cold. It also presents the paths taken by users seeking care from a UBS, discussing the integration of the city with the care provided; the various ways in which the service is accessed and used by the user and the care produced outside the unit walls. In addition, the in-depth interview presented data on the user\'s route in services such as wear during the search for care; the diagnostic exams as necessary for good care and proposals for the organization of the service network. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS:The user embracement in the UBS was analized, the way it is organized, the feelings it arouses in the workers and how it interferes in the service flow of the unit. There are possibilities reported for listening in the user\'s meeting with the worker and how meetings can be totally technical and cold. It also presents the paths taken by users seeking care from a UBS, discussing the integration of the city with the care provided; the various ways in which the service is accessed and used by the user and the care produced outside the unit walls. In addition, the in-depth interview presented data on the user\'s route in services such as wear during the search for care; the diagnostic exams as necessary for good care and proposals for the organization of the service network.
Palma, Ariane Machado. "Representações de comunidade para o trabalho em saúde: demandas e necessidades médico-sociais no cotidiano das práticas do Programa de Saúde da Família." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-05082010-152612/.
Full textIt is about the representations of the community to the work in health, as well as the family health program professionals take it, having as a base the medical-social necessities: violence, overuse of alcohol and drugs, mental suffering in a primary attention health service in Sao Paulo municipality. The methodology adopted is the qualitative research in the case study modality and the techniques used were: semi-structured deep interview and focal group. The health service studied is placed in a territory defined as poverty pool and it is composed by two family health groups and three amplified buccal, mental health and rehabilitation. Twenty six health professionals participated in this study. The empiric data analysis starts from three thematic nucleuses: trajectory and daily perception of the practices of the FHP; relation health service and community; and thematic comprehension about the medicalsocial demands and necessities of the community. In this way, it is learned the limits and potentialities of the work in health and the relation health service and community before the demands and necessities related to violence, overuse of alcohol and drugs and mental suffering; and it is discussed that health professionals have different perceptions about the community, what influences directly the professional before it. It is understood that health professionals can instigate and integrate intersectorial approaches to deal with medical-social demands and necessities of the community, depending if these are unveiled and included in the practices of care of primary attention services to health.
Figueiredo, Wagner dos Santos. "Masculinidades e cuidado: diversidade e necessidades de saúde dos homens na atenção primária." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-15122008-155615/.
Full textThis thesis studied the relation between the exercise of masculinities and health care of men in primary health care services. It consists of an attempt to comprehend how male health needs are apprehended in the interactions between men and health professionals. It was presumed that the exercise of masculinities could represent a risk to mens health and that health care services do not incorporate masculinities cultural references in effectuating health practices. Two primary health care services were studied by means of direct observation of assistential activities and interviews with men utilizing the services and health professionals. A diversity of models of masculinity that define different forms of reflecting upon mens health care was encountered. The interviews indicate that gendered masculine identity permeates different dimensions and that these dimensions should be taken into consideration when apprehending the needs and practices with respect to health care undertaken by men. The socially constructed hegemonic patterns of gender create difficulties for men to attain good health care. Nonetheless, the masculine population seeks the primary health care services for care. Although they are present, barriers related to invisibility or to the lack of identification of men with the primary health care services were perceived. This study indicates that mens health needs are regulated by issues such as work, sexuality, corporal structure, community life and family relationships. Masculinities and their needs are not entirely taken into account, as discussed, within the health care practices undertaken by the health services wherein this research was conducted.
Janssen, Nancy Maria Silva. "Análise da oferta e utilização de consultas especializadas e exames complementares em três capitais do nordeste do Brasil." Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, 2014. http://beta.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/14537.
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães. Recife, PE, Brasil
A oferta de serviços de saúde tem se mostrado aquém da necessidade da população atendida pelo SUS, sendo as formas de acesso a esses serviços o principal problema encontrado. Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar a oferta e utilização de consultas especializadas e exames complementares, em redes de atenção à saúde orientadas pela ESF em capitais do nordeste do Brasil. Trata-se de estudo de casos múltiplos, descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, realizados nos município de Recife-PE, Natal-RN e Fortaleza-CE. Utilizou como fontes, dados do Sistema de Informações Ambulatorial, o Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde e entrevistas semi-estruturadas realizadas com gestores, médicos e marcador de consultas das unidades de saúde da família. Os dados quantitativos foram tabulados e analisados estatisticamente de forma descritiva simples, enquanto os dados qualitativos foram analisados com o auxílio do Atlas-ti 5.0 e o método utilizado foi a condensação dos significados, proposto por Kvale. Identificou-se que as redes de atenção a saúde se mostraram fragmentadas, com sistema de referência e contra-referência fragilizados. Para medir sua necessidade de saúde, os municípios estudados utilizam a portaria GM/MS nº 1.101/2002, apesar de suas fragilidades. A oferta se apresentou no geral, superior à necessidade preconizada pelos parâmetros ministeriais, porém a utilização se mostrou sempre baixa em relação a oferta de consultas nas especialidades estudadas. O sistema de regulação nos três municípios se mostrou deficiente no processo de organização e desempenho da regulação assistencial, não cumprindo seu papel de organizar fluxos, gerenciar e priorizar o acesso, garantindo assim o princípio da integralidade do SUS. Os achados revelados por esta pesquisa apontam para a necessidade de atualizar os parâmetros assistenciais, de fortalecer a regulação, a fim de que os profissionais que compõem a rede de saúde e aqueles que exercem a função regulatória possam cumprir os preceitos do SUS e assim, assegurar a integralidade na atenção à saúde da população
Barbosa, Maria Artemisa. "Desigualdades regionais e sistema de saúde no Amazonas: o caso de Manaus." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2004. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/4685.
Full textEste trabalho constitui-se num esforço de sistematização ao juntar, de forma coerente, aspectos relativos à Amazônia Legal, à região Norte e o estado do Amazonas, visando colocar em evidência as riquezas regionais frente às precárias condições de vida e de saúde da população amazonense. Esse fenômeno torna-se particularmente importante no estado do Amazonas, em cujo vasto território de mais de 1,5 milhões de km² residem 2,8 milhões de habitantes, dos quais 50 por cento se concentram em Manaus. Por sua vez, a capital, além de ser pólo de atração de mão-de-obra, detém praticamente toda a rede de serviços públicos e privados de saúde e educação, à par que representa uma cobertura extremamente baixa da rede de saneamento básico e grande deficiência de equipamentos sociais em geral, apesar de possuir bons índices econômicos, resultantes da participação decisiva da Zona Fanca de Manaus. Essas situações, contraditórias e complexas, provocam desigualdades estruturais que influenciam em maior ou menor grau a implementação do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no estado do Amazonas ao constituírem problemas e dificuldades que representam enormes desafios para a gestão estadual e municipal.A partir das variáveis e indicadores selecionados para as dimensões adotadas, quais sejam: demográfica, social, epidemiológica, assistencial e financeira, observou-se que, apesar dos cinco anos passados da habilitação do município de Manaus, ainda persistem os problemas de oferta e cobertura dos serviços de saúde, falta de integração entre estes serviços, incipiente subordinação à gestão municipal por parte dos prestadores, além das dificuldades em relação à administração de recursos humanos e a permanência de dependência financeira das transferências oriundas com recursos do SUS.
Silveira, Daniele Pinto da. "Sofrimento psíquico e serviços de saúde: uma cartoia da produção do cuidado de saúde mental na atenção básica de saúde." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2003. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/5468.
Full textPartindo do pressuposto de que a Saúde Pública e a Saúde Mental coabitam um mesmo plano, que vem a ser um plano de intervenção tecno-política no processo de subjetivação do sujeito em sofrimento, o presente estudo discute a possibilidade de emergência de novas relações entre aquele que cuida e aquele que é cuidado nas estratégias da atenção básica em saúde. Possui como objetivo principal mapear as modalidades de atenção em saúde mental desenvolvidas numa Unidade Básica, do município do Rio de Janeiro, visando, assim, conhecer o comprometimento e a articulação das ações desenvolvidas neste âmbito com as novas estratégias de cuidado às pessoas em sofrimento psíquico, em consonância com as proposições da Reforma Psiquiátrica. Presume-se que existe a necessidade de potencializar os espaços de produção da saúde na Atenção Básica como dispositivos de acolhimento capazes de contribuir para o processo de inversão do modelo de atenção em saúde mental, em curso no Brasil. Procura-se conhecer os modos de cuidado oferecidos pelos profissionais de saúde às necessidades de saúde que emergem como sendo problemas de saúde mental, elencando alguns eixos de análise considerados como possíveis norteadores de uma nova práxis, sejam eles: a noção de acolhimento, de escuta do sujeito e de integralidade. Esta análise pautou-se na observação participante, na condução de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com alguns profissionais de saúde da Unidade e da Estratégia Saúde da Família e, também, na coleta de informações dos prontuários, através de um instrumento desenvolvido para tal finalidade. Considera-se que a investigação realizada, que assume a perspectiva de um dos co-produtores deste cuidado - os trabalhadores em saúde -, pôde identificar modos de agir em saúde mental na rede básica em que ainda predominam o modelo biomédico de organização da atenção à saúde, a psiquiatrização do cuidado em saúde mental, a burocratização do processo de trabalho e o centramento nas ações intra-muros. A partir desta cartoia da produção do cuidado em saúde mental na Atenção Básica, indaga-se que outros fazeres podem ser desenhados neste processo de inclusão dos cuidados primários no campo da Atenção Psicossocial.
Lordello, Carla Matos e. Silva. "Perspectiva do usuário no cuidado odontológico da Clínica da Família Victor Valla, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2015. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/14195.
Full textAnalisar a percepção do usuário sobre o cuidado odontológico na Estratégia de Saúde da Família da Clínica da Família Victor Valla, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro.
The research is a case suty that aims to analyze the user's perception of dental care in the Family Clinic Victor Valla, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro. (AU)^ien
Trindade, Kiria Maria de Carvalho. "Fisioterapia em uma unidade básica de saúde: estudo da demanda espontânea." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5163/tde-09082012-132741/.
Full textThe aim of this study was to analyze the demand of musculoskeletal, neurological and respiratory complaints, in adults in the sector of spontaneous reception and responsiveness of the health service of a Basic Health Unit The design was a crosssectional and population-based made by registered users of the Center for Health Butantã (CSEB) attended in the reception spontaneous unit from March 2010 to May 2011. The population studied consisted of 1023 individuals. Data were collected from users seeking service in periods of four weeks, two morning and two afternoons. The characterization of the complaints was conducted through a questionnaire with demographic data and reasons for the demand for care. Data from this study showed that most users who attend have the following characteristics: are women (71.2%) are aged 31 to 60 years (50%) are single (31.6%) are retired (14.2%) reside in the garden San Remo (32.7%), complain in several systems (77.1%). In the areas most directly related to physical therapy, the musculoskeletal system is the most affected (14.4%) and the backache are the most prevalent complaint (31%). Assessing the odds ratios of occurrence of musculoskeletal complaints in regard to the sociodemographic variables, it was found that age was independently associated with this complaint. People aged 40 to 59 years have the greatest association with musculoskeletal pains than the older and newer
Pissinato, Adriana Vieira da Silva. "A repercussão das unidades de assistência médica ambulatorial (AMA) no município de São Paulo sobre a demanda na rede de atenção em saúde pública." Universidade Nove de Julho, 2014. http://bibliotecadigital.uninove.br/handle/tede/1120.
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Medical Assistance Ambulatory (AMA) was the strategy created by the city of São Paulo to fix the problem from the spontaneous demand coming from basic health units (UBS) and emergency rooms (PS). AMA routine from 2005 to 2013 has been the target of discussions that leave its work proposal questionable, which leads to the need of study and understanding of its impact on demand and Health Care net. The aim of this research was to conduct an analysis of the distribution of demand for medical care provided in the AMA, UBS and PS in São Paulo; especially in Freguesia do Ó and Brasilândia Regional Administration of Health. This exploratory and descriptive study using the data from SIA – Datasus, medical records and medical reports about the distribution of demand through the number of medical consultations of AMA Services to analyze the profile of patients using the AMA and how they are inserted in the Health Care net. It was observed that from 2002 to 2013 there was a reduction of 30% of visits made by UBS (Basic Health Unit), increase and subsequent stabilization of medical care provided by the AMA and initial reduction (2005) and subsequent increase (2011) in the number of assistance in PS (emergency room). This was also observed in the STS Freguesia do Ó / Brasilândia. Were analyzed 156 medical records, it was notice that 91.7% of patients were treated at the AMA conform the objectives of this device. However, 81.4% of these patients require medical monitoring, and 22% are not accompanied. Considering the ordinance 1101 / MS 2011, 85% of patients had access to more than 2 visits / year in AMA and 71.2% of patients at 1 medical consultation / year at UBS. It was concluded that the AMA increased the supply of consultations in São Paulo and favored the patient's access to the health system. However, the poor articulation of health care net associated with lack of knowledge of the patients about the health devices affects the promotion and health monitoring. This study subsidied the analysis of health system in São Paulo city before and after Ama inclusion in the Health Care net and encourage new studies to be conducted on this topic.
A AMA (Assistência Médica Ambulatorial) foi a estratégia criada pelo município de São Paulo para ampliar o acesso dos pacientes que necessitam de atendimento imediato. Em sua trajetória, de 2005 a 2013, a rotina da AMA é alvo de discussões que deixam sua proposta de trabalho questionável, o que leva a necessidade de estudo e compreensão sobre seu impacto na demanda e rede de atenção. O objetivo principal dessa pesquisa foi o de realizar uma análise da distribuição da demanda dos atendimentos médicos realizados na AMA, UBS e PS no município de São Paulo, em especial na Supervisão Técnica de Saúde Freguesia do Ó e Brasilândia (STS Fó/Bras). Por meio da pesquisa descritiva exploratória e utilizando os dados do SIA (Sistema de Informação Ambulatorial), fichas de atendimento e, relatórios de serviços e frequência, foi possível analisar o perfil dos pacientes que utilizam a AMA e como estes estão inseridos em relação ao acompanhamento pela rede de assistência. Observou-se que de 2002 a 2013 houve redução de 30% dos atendimentos realizados pela UBS (unidade básica de saúde), aumento e posterior estabilização do número de atendimentos médicos prestados pela AMA e, redução inicial (2005) e posterior aumento (após 2011) no número de atendimentos em PS (pronto-socorro). O mesmo foi observado na STS Fó/Bras. Também foram analisadas 156 fichas de atendimento, onde pôde-se notar que 91,7% dos pacientes que foram atendidos na AMA correspondem aos objetivos deste equipamento. Porém, 81,4% destes pacientes necessitam de acompanhamento externo, sendo que 22% não estão acompanhados por nenhum estabelecimento de saúde. Tecendo uma análise frente a portaria 1101/MS de 2011, 85% dos pacientes tiveram acesso a mais de 2 consultas/ano na AMA e 71,2% dos pacientes a 1 consulta/ano na UBS, caracterizando maior utilização da AMA em relação a UBS. Concluiu-se que a AMA aumentou a oferta de consultas no município de São Paulo e favoreceu o acesso do paciente ao sistema. Porém, a deficiente articulação da rede de atenção, associada a falta de conhecimento da população sobre qual equipamento utilizar, pode comprometer significativamente a promoção e acompanhamento de saúde. O estudo subsidiou a análise do sistema de saúde do município de São Paulo, antes e após a inclusão das AMAs na rede de atenção e fomenta para que novos estudos sejam realizados sobre o tema.
Acosta, Aline Marques. "Usuários frequentes de um serviço de urgência : perfil e motivos de busca por atendimento." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/67152.
Full textThe present study aimed to analyze the frequent use of the emergency service of a university hospital by adult users. A sequential explanatory design was adopted in this mixed method research. A quantitative stage was performed to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of frequent users of emergency services and to identify the characteristics of emergency service use by these users. A qualitative stage was subsequently performed, aiming to explore the reasons for frequent emergency service use. Quantitative data were collected from patients’ online medical records in a sample comprised of 385 frequent users of the emergency service of a university hospital in Southern Brazil. Qualitative data were obtained from semi-structure interviews conducted by telephone with 18 frequent users, selected by intentional sample. Data from the qualitative stage were analyzed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS), as it uses descriptive and inferential statistical techniques with a 5% significance level (p<0.05). Thematic content analysis was used to treat the qualitative results, using the Atlasti.6 software. The results show that frequent users were responsible for approximately 24% of all emergency service visits. The number of service recurrences varied from four to 58 times and the mean was 6.59 times. Most of the demand for this service occurred on weekdays (81.3%) and in the morning shift (58.4%). Frequent users comprise a group with heterogeneous characteristics, although with factors that caused them to be vulnerable, such as advanced age, low level of education and high prevalence of chronic conditions. Despite the existence of a group of individuals with health problems considered not to be urgent who remained in the service for less than an hour, frequent users were usually categorized into higher risk levels, remained in the service for longer periods and had high mortality and hospitalization rates. The search for emergency services by frequent users mainly resulted from the exacerbation or complication of chronic conditions and, to a lesser degree, from recurrent acute health problems or those with a long period of treatment. According to these users, their health status was an urgent matter and required immediate treatment. This study identified four aspects associated with the health care organization, which represent the continuous search for emergency care: easy access to this service, higher resolvability, the connection between patients and service and the followup visits booked for this service. The majority of individuals also used other health services, such as primary care units and the hospital’s outpatient clinic. The results revealed the profile of frequent users and indicated gaps in the health system, thus contributing to better understanding of the continuous search for care in emergency services. It could be concluded that frequent users of emergency services have poorer health conditions, requiring care from the entire health network.
El estudio tuvo como objetivo general analizar la utilización frecuente por parte de pacientes adultos del servicio de urgencias de un hospital universitario. Investigación de métodos mixtos, del tipo explicativo secuencial. Fue realizada una etapa cuantitativa para describir las características demográficas y clínicas de la utilización del servicio de urgencia por parte de pacientes frecuentes. Posteriormente, fue efectuada una etapa cualitativa, con el objeto de explorar los motivos de la utilización frecuente del servicio de urgencias. Los datos cuantitativos fueron recolectados mediante registro de las historias clínicas electrónicas de los pacientes, a partir de una muestra de 385 pacientes frecuentes del Servicio de Emergencias de un hospital universitario de la región Sur de Brasil. Los datos cualitativos se obtuvieron mediante entrevistas telefónicas semiestructuradas con 18 pacientes frecuentes, seleccionados según una muestra intencional. Los datos de la etapa cuantitativa fueron analizados con el Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), utilizando técnicas de estadística descriptiva e inferencial con nivel de significatividad de 5% (p<0,05). Para el tratamiento de los resultados cualitativos, se utilizó el análisis de contenido temático, apoyada por el software Atlasti.6. Los resultados evidencian que los pacientes frecuentes son responsables de cerca del 24% del total de atenciones realizadas en el servicio de urgencia. El número de reincidencias en el servicio varió de 4 a 58 veces, promediando 6,59 veces. La mayor parte de la demanda de tales individuos en el servicio sucedió en días hábiles (81,3%) y en el turno matutino (58,4%). Los pacientes frecuentes son un grupo con características heterogéneas, pero con factores que los vuelven más vulnerables, como la edad avanzada, la baja escolarización y la alta prevalencia de condiciones crónicas. A pesar de existir un grupo de personas que sufren de problemas de salud de carácter no urgente y que permanecen menos de una hora en el servicio, en general los pacientes frecuentes son clasificados con niveles de riesgo más elevados, permanecen más tiempo en el servicio y tienen alta tasa de mortalidad y de internación hospitalaria. La búsqueda de la unidad de urgencia por parte de los pacientes frecuentes derivó principalmente de la exacerbación o complicación de condiciones crónicas y, en menor escala, de padecimientos agudos recurrentes o de tratamiento prolongado. Para ellos, su estado de salud constituía una situación de urgencia y exigía atención inmediata. Fueron identificados cuatro aspectos relacionados a la organización de la atención sanitaria que configuran la búsqueda reiterada de atención en el sector de urgencias: la facilidad de acceso, la capacidad de resolución, el vínculo y las visitas de retorno al servicio agendadas. La mayoría de los individuos utilizaba también otros servicios de salud, como la atención básica y el ambulatorio hospitalario. Los resultados evidenciaron el perfil de los pacientes frecuentes e indicaron carencias en el sistema de salud, contribuyendo a una mejor comprensión de la búsqueda reiterada de atención en los servicios de urgencia. Se concluyó en que los pacientes frecuentes del servicio de urgencia sufren un peor estado de salud, necesitando de cuidados en toda red asistencial.
Moscheta, Murilo dos Santos. "Responsividade como recurso relacional para a qualificação da assistência a saúde de lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, travestis e transexuais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59137/tde-04072013-124842/.
Full textThis study aims to understand the challenges of public healthcare assistance to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transvestite and transgender people in Brazil (LGBTs). In addition, it also aims at elaborating relational resources for enhancing available assistance and the inclusion of this population in care services. Therefore, this study is built upon the premise that healthcare assistance to LGBT population presents necessities of improvement that, if adequately met, could contribute to the construction of a public health project that is equitable, integral, inclusive and culturally sensitive. In order to delineate the field in which this study is situated, I present the changes in Brazilian healthcare policies and highlight the Politics of Integral Attention to LGBT as well as the National Politics of Humanization. I also develop my argument within an historical scenario that contributes to our understanding of the shift in LGBT identity descriptions: from pathological to oppressed. Likewise, I introduce the history of healthcare practices that has led to the formulation of the contemporary Brazilian healthcare model in which equity and justice are organizing principles and health is not disconnected from its social determinants. Finally, I develop my argument within a scientific scenario permeated by discussions that emphasize a paradigmatic shift from modernism to post-modernism and lays the groundwork for movement from a technique-oriented and objective emphasis to a relativistic and relational approach.The investigation took place in a Basic Healthcare Center of a middle size city in which I facilitated 8 group meetings with a multidisciplinary team of health professionals. Meetings were audio-recorded. I kept a journal with field notes throughout the research process. I performed a thematic transcription and organized the contents of the transcripts according to groups of meanings. This organization allowed me to create a narrative in which I present each group meeting and, at the same time, discuss relevant aspects of LGBT health assistance as it relates to available literature. From this narrative, I chose to develop an argument that emphasizes responsivity as a resource for healthcare professionals. Initially, I present a definition of responsivity and later I articulate it with the research experience. Finally, I present some considerations about the generative potential of this resource to LGBT healthcare assistance.
Fernandes, Flávia Saraiva Leão [UNIFESP]. "O Pronto-Socorro do Hospital São Paulo: entre o ensino e a assistência." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2011. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9865.
Full textEste estudo qualitativo teve como objetivo compreender a dinâmica e o papel do Pronto-socorro do Hospital São Paulo na organização do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) a partir da visão de gerentes de nível intermediário do setor. Foi utilizado o método do estudo de caso qualitativo, por meio da técnica da entrevista com os três gerentes de nível intermediário do Pronto-socorro (PS) do Hospital São Paulo (HSP). O HSP é o Hospital de Ensino da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp) e é considerado uma Unidade Hospitalar de Referência em Atendimento em Urgência e Emergência Tipo III. A apresentação das narrativas foi sistematizada em seis eixos temáticos: (1) Equipamento de saúde e ensino: implicações para o trabalho em saúde; (2) Na busca de integralidade: a demanda espontânea de saúde; (3) Motivações para a demanda espontânea: aspectos culturais; (4) Motivações para a demanda espontânea: aspectos macroestruturais; (5) O papel normatizado: a demanda referenciada; (6) Superação de obstáculos: propostas de intervenção. A tradição de especialidade médica com ênfase no desenvolvimento científico do Hospital São Paulo influencia a assistência prestada em seu Pronto-socorro. O acesso as enfermarias do HSP e ao complexo ambulatorial da Unifesp tem um recorte acadêmico, sendo selecionados os casos de maior complexidade e "interessantes" do ponto de vista científico. Além disso, o atendimento dos pacientes no PS segue o modelo biomédico flexneriano de ensino e assistência à saúde que privilegia as tecnologias duras e leve-duras e que subestima o campo relacional das tecnologias leves do trabalho em saúde. A concentração de conhecimento, de especialidades e apoio diagnóstico de alta complexidade faz do HSP um grande atrativo para a população, fato que influencia seu Pronto-socorro que opera em regime de porta aberta. A grande demanda espontânea presente no PS do HSP tem explicações culturais e macroestruturais. Em relação à cultura é possível perceber o imediatismo e a crença da população de que o hospital é o principal responsável pela assistência à saúde. Tem expectativas do sistema de saúde em relação a consultas médicas e prescrição de medicamentos e apresenta frágil conhecimento dos princípios do (SUS): hierarquização, regionalização, participação da comunidade, entre outros. Os fatores macroestuturais estão relacionados a dificuldades de acesso à Atenção Básica e a de média complexidade, baixa resolubilidade das Unidades Básicas de Saúde e a falta de integralidade no sistema de saúde. O PS do HSP possui um papel normatizado dentro do SUS da cidade de São Paulo que consiste em atender uma demanda referenciada. Ele integra o Sistema Estadual de Referência Hospitalar em Atendimento de Urgências e Emergências de São Paulo e recebe pacientes que obtiveram o primeiro atendimento em situação aguda em serviços de saúde hospitalar que não possuem retaguarda diagnóstica, terapêutica e/ou equipe especializada para a continuidade do atendimento de urgência. Os entrevistados apontaram para algumas propostas de intervenções no sentido de melhora do fluxo do PS do HSP a fim de que sejam atendidos apenas pacientes de urgência e emergência e que não acumule pacientes excedentes no Pronto-socorro. Para isso, sugerem mecanismos para diminuição de demanda de pacientes de baixa complexidade (Acolhimento com Classificação de Risco, Assistência Médica Ambulatorial) e para melhorias na regulação de Urgência e Emergência no fortalecimento de sistemas de referência e contra referência. É possível perceber, porém, que as intervenções propostas se limitam ao problema interno do hospital e levam pouco em consideração o resto do sistema de saúde. O contexto atual do Pronto-socorro do Hospital São Paulo traz à tona contradições e conflitos. As tensões existentes se dão tanto no nível micro, no sentido de modelos de atenção à saúde entre as necessidades do ensino e as necessidades dos usuários, como no nível macro de gestão, no sentido da conformação de redes integradas de saúde num complexo universitário que não se reconhece como parte integrante da rede. Este estudo teve o intuito de desvelar os processos presentes no Pronto-socorro do Hospital São Paulo. Ele abre possibilidades de novos estudos a serem realizados no PS do HSP e pode auxiliar a gestão do Hospital, trazendo pistas e subsídios para novas intervenções.
This qualitative study aims to understand the dynamics and role of the Hospital São Paulo (HSP) Emergency Room (ER) within the organization of The Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde – SUS) from the point of view of three mid-level managers of the ER. The qualitative case study method was used, by way of the interview technique with the three mid-level managers from the Hospital São Paulo Emergency Room. Hospital São Paulo is the Teaching Hospital of the Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp) and is considered a Reference Unit in Hospital Care for Urgency and Emergency III. The narratives were systematized into six themes: (1) Health and education equipment: implications for health work. (2) In search of integrality: spontaneous health demand. (3) Motivations for spontaneous demand: cultural aspects. (4) Motivations for spontaneous demand: macrostructural aspects. (5) Standardized role: the referenced demand. (6) Overcoming obstacles: intervention proposals. The medical speciality tradition with emphasis on scientific development of Hospital São Paulo influences the health care in its Emergency Room. Access to the hospital wards and the Unifesp outpatient complex has an academic profile, so as to select the more complex and “interesting” cases from a scientific point of view. Moreover, health care in the ER follows the Flexner biomedical health and teaching model, which emphasizes (stresses) the hard and light-hard technologies and undervalues the relational field of light technologies in health care. The concentration of knowledge, specialities, and high complexity exams makes HSP attractive to the population, a fact that influences its ER which operates in an “open door” system. The highly spontaneous demand of the HSP ER has both cultural and macrostructural explanations. As far as the cultural aspects, it is possible to see the urgency and belief of the population that the hospital is the main responsible institution for health care. They have expectations for the health system as far as physician consultations and drug prescriptions, and have little knowledge of the SUS principles: hierarchy, regionalization, community participation, among others. The macrostructural factors are related to difficulties in access to Primary Health Care and mid-level complexity care, low solvability of the Basic Health Units (Unidades Básicas de Saúde – UBS), and the lack of integrality of the health system. The HSP ER has a standardized role inside the SUS in the city of São Paulo that is to service a referenced demand. It integrates the State Reference Hospital System in Urgent Care and Emergencies and provides health care to patients that already had first aid in other health services that do not have diagnosis, therapy support and/or a specialized team for the continuity of the urgent health care. The interviewees pointed out some intervention proposals for the improvement of the HSP ER patient flow so that only urgent care patients are attended to and prevents an overflow of patients in the ER. They suggest mechanisms for decreasing the number of low complexity patients (Assistance with Risk Classification and Outpatient Medical Care) and for improvements in the Urgency and Emergency Regulation through strengthening the reference and counter-reference system. It is possible to see, however, that the intervention proposals are limited to internal Hospital problems and do not fully take into consideration the rest of the health care system. The current context of the HSP ER exposes contradictions and conflicts. The existing tensions manifest themselves at a micro level, in the difference of health care models between education needs and user needs, as well as a macro level, as it relates to the management of integrated delivery networks throughout a university that does not recognize itself as part of the health system. This study had the intention to unveil existing processes in the Hospital São Paulo Emergency Room. It opens possibilities for other studies and it can help the HSP management, bringing clues and subsidies for new interventions.
TEDE
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
Resende, Marcio Antonio. "Representações sociais de gestores e trabalhadores sobre a rede de atenção às urgências." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2018. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/6871.
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A violência urbana, agudização de problemas crônicos, doenças cardiovasculares e situações emergenciais, sejam elas clínicas ou traumáticas, são desafios para o sistema de saúde vigente no Brasil. E trabalhar em forma de rede tem se revelado estratégia com potencial para redução da morbimortalidade e consolidação dos princípios e diretrizes do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo: analisar as representações sociais de gestores e trabalhadores dos serviços de saúde da região ampliada de saúde centro sul de Minas Gerais sobre a rede de urgência e emergência. O estudo desenvolveu-se a partir da abordagem social da pesquisa qualitativa tendo como orientação teórica as Representações Sociais. Os dados foram coletados por meio da entrevista semiestruturada junto a trinta gestores e trabalhadores de serviços de saúde da cidade de Barbacena/MG, sede da região ampliada de saúde centro sul. Os dados foram organizados conforme a análise temática proposta por Bardin. Os depoimentos obtidos permitiram construir três categorias: representando a organização da rede de urgência e emergência; a atenção básica e sua interface com a rede de urgência e emergência; o sentido de trabalhar na rede de urgência e emergência. As representações evidenciadas neste estudo gerem a percepção de que a rede de atenção em urgência e emergência garanta uma otimização da assistência. A construção e execução da Rede de Urgência e Emergência (RUE), assim como a legitimação e consolidação do Sistema Único de Saúde, são práticas sociais que por si só suscitam em seus atores controvérsias e inquietações. Sendo assim, constitui um cenário de elaboração e reelaboração de representações sociais. E, nesse sentido, emerge o sentimento de satisfação nos profissionais integrantes do processo, ao se reconhecerem como membros participantes das decisões, com possibilidade de serem ouvidos na busca de melhorias para seu cotidiano laboral.
Urban violence, the exacerbation of chronicle problems, cardiovascular diseases and emergency situations, either clinical or traumatic, are the challenges for the current Brazilian health system. As a result, networking has revealing itself as a potential strategy to reduce morbidity and mortality rates and to consolidate the main ideas and guidelines of the Brazilian centralized Health System (SUS). The aim of this research was to analyze the social representations of health services’ managers and workers in the amplified South-Center health area of Minas Gerais in the emergency networking. The study was carried out following the social approach of the qualitative research and it had Social Representations as theoretical principle. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews with managers and workers of Barbacena/MG’s health services, which is the headquarter of the amplified South-Center health area. Data organized was based on the thematic analysis provided by Bardin. The statements acquired allowed to generate three categories: the representation of the emergency networking organization; the basic attention and its interface with emergency networking; the meaning of working in the emergency networking. The representations provided by this study produce the perception that emergency networking attention needs to ensure an assistance optimization. The construction and execution of the Emergency and Emergency Network (RUE), as well as the legitimization and consolidation of the Unified Health System, are social practices that alone raise controversial and uneasy actors. Thus, it constitutes a scenario for the elaboration and re-elaboration of social representations Therefore, it can rise the sense of satisfaction of the professionals who take part in the process, as they recognize themselves as members who participate of the decision-making, with the possibility to be heard in the pursuit of daily work improvements.
Maluf, Paula Penatti. "A construção da demanda por ajuda psicológica e o trabalho psicanalítico com as classes populares." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2007. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7034.
Full textThis dissertation aims at examing the practice of psychoanalysis at public health institutions, with the working classes, inserted in the present context of Brazils social security system and the public health policies of SUS. In search of fundamental pillars of psychoanalysis, inside or outside private practice, Freuds writings are analyzed, as well as the ones of other contemporary authors. Clinical extracts are also included, whether they come from literature or the authors personal clinical experience. The main users of the public health system the working classes are examined through the content of their speech, whenever they look for help regarding their psychological or bodily suffering. Some fundamental elements of analysis were found through the process, such as the body, the field of labor and the doença dos nervos . Both debates above merge into a third, of a more practical nature, in which psychoanalysis and working classes meet at the daily routine of these institutions. The search now is not only for the meaning of practicing psychoanalysis at these places, but also for the portrait of these psychoanalysts that are capable of remaining creative and reinventing themselves whenever necessary This study also examines some of the obstacles that are present at this specific practice. Some conclusions were found. The first one is that this practice is only viable if professional are able to keep away from a narrow view of psychoanalysis, which limits their experience. Following the first is the belief that psychoanalysts also need to depart from regarding the patients as not only limites in their communicational skills, but also incapable of self-reflection.
Sousa, Fabiana de Oliveira Silva. "O processo de trabalho em sáude e a demanda por assistência especializada na Rede Básica de Saúde do Recife." Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, 2010. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/13680.
Full textFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães. Recife, PE, Brasil
Este é um estudo sobre a influência do modo como os trabalhadores operam o cuidado à saúde na produção e percepção de demandas e no acesso da população a uma assistência resolutiva e de qualidade. É um estudo de caso realizado na rede básica da microrregião 6.3, Distrito Sanitário 6, município de Recife-PE que descreveu o perfil da demanda por assistência especializada em cardiologia; analisou o processo de trabalho das equipes de saúde da família e identificou aspectos do processo de trabalho dessas equipes que influenciam no perfil de encaminhamento para assistência especializada em cardiologia. Foi realizada análise do banco de dados do Sistema de Regulação Municipal, análise de fichas de encaminhamento ao especialista, observação direta e grupos focais, onde foi construído o fluxograma descritor do processo de trabalho das equipes de saúde da família. No ano de 2009, foram agendadas 1.027 consultas cardiológicas no hospital filantrópico de referência. Desse total, 70 porcento foram para mulheres e 75,3 porcento para pessoas acima de 40 anos. Identificou-se também uma demanda reprimida de 190 pessoas que aguardavam uma vaga para consulta de cardiologia e que 34,2 porcento das fichas de encaminhamento analisadas não apresentavam nenhuma justificativa. O fluxograma descritor e os grupos focais evidenciaram que o processo de trabalho das equipes de saúde da família é caracterizado por restrições de acesso e ausência de acolhimento; produção de cuidado médico-centrado, curativista e individual; inexistência de atividades preventivas coletivas e fragmentação na linha de cuidado, provocando descontinuidade na assistência prestada. A interação desses aspectos somados à falta de profissionais médicos na atenção básica contribui para ampliar a demanda por assistência especializada e o sofrimento da população que é referenciada para esse nível assistencial. Acredita-se que a utilização de alguns dispositivos como a inserção de equipes multiprofissionais na atenção básica trabalhando com a lógica de equipes de referência e apoio matricial e a implementação da educação permanente no cotidiano dos serviços de saúde podem auxiliar no processo de transformação do modo como se produz o cuidado em saúde, constituindo linhas de cuidado que garantam o acesso da população à uma assistência de qualidade e integral
Modesto, Antônio Augusto Dall\'Agnol. "Busca por avaliação de próstata, disfunção erétil e demanda oculta de homens na Atenção Primária à Saúde." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-06022017-112149/.
Full textFamily physicians often meet apparently asymptomatic men who seek for prostate evaluation and perceive that many of them hide other complaints, especially erectile dysfunction - a matter of great interest to men and to the pharmaceutical industry. As the screening of prostate cancer brings more harm than good, these users are put at risk of questionable diagnostic and therapeutic interventions, with great potential for false positives and sequelae. Basic Health Units (BHU) in Brazil, in turn, was historically dedicated to the female population, and their professionals often reproduce gender stereotypes that contribute to the invisibility of men in these services. The objective of the research was to understand how the male population uses Primary Health Care (PHC) services and express their needs, considering the case of men who seek for prostate evaluation or have questions regarding erectile dysfunction (or other sexual problems). We seek to identify links between these problems and the demand for screening as well as understand how services (particularly doctors) deal with said and hidden agenda. The research is qualitative and data were produced using semistructured interviews with 16 professionals and 15 adult users of the Family Health Strategy in three BHUs in São Paulo and two in Mauá - men in whose consultations arose questions about prostate, erectile dysfunction or other sexual problems. As an auxiliary technique, we observed the five participating services, guided by specific script and recording observations in a field diary. Interpretation of data took into account the references of gender and the social construction of masculinities, as well as the notions of comprehensiveness, quaternary prevention and medicalization. The content analysis of the interviews demonstrated how aspects of the doctors relate to how they perceive, embrace and give meaning to the demands of men, allowing us also to identify changes in progress. Observation of services helped to identify characteristics of selective PHC in BHUs in Mauá (favoring the mismatch between men\'s needs and difficulties and the actions offered or idealized) and of a more comprehensive PHC in BHUs in São Paulo, which facilitates the presence of men, but not always consider gender issues. Among male users, we identified the incorporation of medical discourses involving risk and health care, named input, facilitating and maintaining factors for their presence in BHUs and pointed factors related to the expression of their needs, showing how this expression can influence the care received and even put the man at risk of iatrogenia. We discuss possibilities to overcome reductionist and stereotyped views as well as prostatocentric and medicalized approaches to men\'s health. Thus, we contribute to the lessening of the invisibility of men, supporting their comprehensive evaluation and care
Morais, Maria João da Silva. "Intervenção do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de reabilitação, em contexto de cuidados intensivos à pessoa com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica submetida a ventilação não invasiva." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/16418.
Full textOs estágios em Enfermagem constituem momentos de especial potencial formativo, em que a experiência se constitui em saber, através de um processo reflexivo constante sobre as práticas desenvolvidas. Este relatório surge como um documento ilustrativo do percurso de desenvolvimento de competências de um saber especializado, e incide sobre os estágios desenvolvidos em contexto hospitalar, numa Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Respiratórios, com ênfase nas competências de reabilitação na área respiratória, e comunitário numa Unidade de Cuidados na Comunidade, respeitante ao desenvolvimento de competências da área sensoriomotora e de eliminação. Tendo por base as Competências Específicas essenciais para a prática da Enfermagem de Reabilitação, que inserimos nas Competências Comuns do Enfermeiro Especialista, desenvolvemos intervenções ao longo dos dois estágios, que permitiram evidenciar o seu progresso nos diferentes contextos de prestação de cuidados. Utilizando uma metodologia descritiva, pretendemos deste modo, dar visibilidade às diferentes atividades efetuadas, demonstrando as diferentes respostas a uma mesma competência, em cada campo de estágio, bem como apontar as dificuldades encontradas e as estratégias de resolução aplicadas, rumo ao desenvolvimento de competências e consequente especialização em Enfermagem de Reabilitação. A partilha de experiências e o apoio da equipa de enfermagem, bem como das enfermeiras orientadoras foram fulcrais para o encontro do conhecimento e desenvolvimento de competências. Neste sentido, os contextos da prática de estágio revelaram-se locais privilegiados de observação e de aprendizagem, muito enriquecedores, permitindo a aplicação dos conhecimentos, valores e capacidades, sendo conducentes do desempenho autónomo na qualidade dos cuidados especializados prestados á pessoa com Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica submetida a Ventilação Não Invasiva, em contexto de Cuidados Intensivos foco central do projeto de estágio.
Abreu, Kelly Piacheski de. "Utilização do Serviço de Emergência do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre por usuários com demandas não urgentes." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/69788.
Full textThe use of emergency department for non-urgent patients contribute to the overcrowding and interfere with the team’s capacity to meet the full demand, thus affecting the care provided to urgent patients. The present study aimed to analyze the use of the Emergency Department of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre by patients with non-urgent problems. A analytical cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted. A simple random sample comprised of 386 non-urgent patients aged between 18 and 59 years was analyzed. Data were collected between May and June 2012 using a questionnaire. Descriptive and analytical statistics was used for data analysis. Of all respondents, 68.4% were females, mean age was 36.7 years, 60.1% were from the city of Porto Alegre and 40.7% belonged to socioeconomic level C. Of all participants, 51.3% had a chronic disease, 88.6% waited for less than 24 hours to seek health care after the onset of symptoms and approximately 53% sought the emergency service by themselves. The user preference-related reasons for non-urgent patients to use the emergency service were associated with occupation, performing home care before seeking the emergency service, and using the service by themselves. The technology availabilityrelated reasons were associated with occupation, skin lesions and abscesses, waiting for 31 to 120 days to have requested tests performed in the referral health service, believing that imaging exams were required, and longer time for symptoms to appear. Reasons related to Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre were associated with being registered with the hospital’s outpatient service and having two or more chronic diseases. Additionally, access-related reasons were associated with not having extremity problems and emergency perception-related reasons were associated with waiting for 31 to 120 days to have the requested tests performed in the referral health service and belonging to lower socioeconomic levels. The reasons for using emergency services reflected users’ health needs and concerns, which should be taken into consideration in the health network organization.
El uso de los servicios de emergencia por pacientes no urgentes contribuye a la superpoblación e interfieren en la capacidad del equipo para atender la sobredemanda, perjudicando la prestación de cuidados al paciente de urgencia. Se objetivó analizar la utilización del Servicio de Emergencia del Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre por pacientes con demandas no urgentes. Estudio epidemiológico analítico, transversal, del tipo averiguación/survey. Se utilizó una muestra aleatoria simple con 386 pacientes no urgentes del grupo etario de 18 a 59 años. Datos recolectados de mayo a junio de 2012, mediante cuestionario. Para analizar los datos se utilizó estadística descriptiva y analítica. Entre los que respondieron, 68,4% eran de sexo femenino, la media etaria fue 36,7 años, 60,1% procedían del municipio de Porto Alegre y 40,7% pertenecía al nivel económico C. De los participantes, 51,3% padecía enfermedad crónica, 88,6% aguardaron al menos 24 horas para buscar atención luego del inicio de los síntomas y aproximadamente 53% escogió el servicio de emergencia por cuenta propia. Las razones de utilización del servicio de emergencia por pacientes no urgentes en referencia a su preferencia se asoció a estar trabajando, a realizar cuidados caseros antes de presentarse en Emergencias y utilizar el servicio por propia decisión. Las razones referidas a la disponibilidad de tecnologías se asociaron a estar trabajando, tener lesiones dérmicas y abscesos, aguardar entre 31 y 120 días para efectuarse análisis solicitados en el servicio de salud de referencia, suponer que se necesitaba de estudios de imágenes y presentar mayor tiempo de inicio de síntomas. Las razones relacionadas al Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre se asociaron a poseer vínculos con el ambulatorio del hospital y presentar dos o más condiciones crónicas. Las razones referidas al acceso se asocian a no poseer problemas de extremidades, y la razón referente a la percepción de urgencia se asoció a aguardar entre 31 y 120 días para efectuar análisis solicitados en el servicio de salud de referencia y pertenecer a los niveles económicos menos favorecidos. Los motivos para utilizar el servicio de emergencia reflejaron las necesidades de salud y aspiraciones de los pacientes, que deben ser tomados en consideración en la organización de la red de atención.
Castro, Claudio Gastão Junqueira de. "Estudo da demanda do serviço de pronto atendimento de um hospital como subsídio ao modelo assistencial do sistema nacional de saúde." Universidade de São Paulo, 1992. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6135/tde-27072018-101811/.
Full textThe present paper aims to study the demand profile of the Umberto -I Hospital First-Aid Clinics Service (adults, children and gyneco-obstetrics) in São Paulo city, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Date related to the year of 1990 (Sampled) were collected by means of the Inpatient Care Index Card (F. A. A.) of the SUDS-SP (SAI/SUDS/SP) Inpatient Information System. Variables concerning age, sex, residence, attendance hours, diagnoses (according to the 9th CID), complexity level o f care provided and referrals were studied. The Author carries out an analysis on the data gathered, comparing these with those of the Basic Health Units network, interpolating these analyses within the perspective of the new care model of the Brazilian National Health System currently transition scenary, emphasizing both the regionalization and decentralization of these types of services.
Brandão, Gustavo Antônio Martins. "Impacto das más oclusões nas atividades diárias de adolescentes." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/289870.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Este estudo foi composto por dois artigos cujo objetivo principal foi determinar as necessidades de tratamento ortodôntico em adolescentes e avaliar o impacto que as más oclusões possuem nas atividades diárias desses indivíduos. A amostra probabilística por conglomerados contou com 528 escolares de 15 anos selecionados em 10 escolas públicas de Piracicaba no ano de 2010. Os exames foram realizados por dois examinadores calibrados seguindo recomendações da OMS. Um questionário semi-estruturado foi enviado aos pais para a obtenção das informações socioeconômicas e obtenção do TCLE. A avaliação dos impactos orais nas atividades diárias (Oral Impacts on Daily Performances - OIDP) foi avaliada através de medida de condição específica (CS-OIDP). Os índices DAI (Dental Aesthetic Index), IOTN (Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need) e ICON (Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need) foram utilizados para a obtenção das características específicas da oclusão e categorização das necessidades de tratamento ortodôntico. A auto-percepção da estética dental foi avaliada através do Oral Aesthetic Subjective Impact Scale (OASIS) e a auto-estima através do Global Self-evaluation (GSE). O interesse em realizar tratamento ortodôntico foi avaliado através de ferramenta específica. Artigo 1: Avaliou a concordância diagnóstica dos índices DAI, IOTN e ICON na determinação das necessidades de tratamento ortodôntico em saúde pública e avaliou a relação entre as necessidades normativas e a presença de impacto nas atividades diárias atribuídos à má oclusão . A comparação das proporções das necessidades de tratamento ortodôntico foi realizada através do teste qui-quadrado. Os índices foram dicotomizados em categorias "com necessidade" e "sem necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico. A concordância diagnóstica foi avaliada através de estatística Kappa. Análise bivariada foi realizada para avaliação da relação existente entre as necessidades normativas e a presença de impactos nas atividades diárias. As necessidades de tratamento de acordo com os critérios adotados foram: 20,65% (n=109) DAI; 19,79% (n=104) IOTN (DHC); 4,73% (n=25) IOTN (AC) and 21,78% (n=115) ICON. A concordância diagnóstica dos índices foi fraca (Kappa variando 0,018-0,235; p=0.00). Apenas a concordância IOTN (DHC)-ICON foi boa (Kappa 0.499; p=0.00). As necessidades normativas apresentaram relação estatisticamente significante com a presença de impactos nas atividades diárias. Artigo 2: Avaliou os indicadores de risco para a presença de impactos nas atividades diárias atribuídos à má oclusão . O índice OIDP foi utilizado como variável dependente para a classificação da presença de impacto e o índice DAI utilizado para avaliação da oclusão. As demais variáveis independentes, auto estima, auto-avaliação estética, interesse ortodôntico e condições sócio-econômicas foram incluídas no modelo. Para análise estatística utilizou-se teste de qui-quadrado e regressão logística uni e multivariada (? = 5%). A presença de má oclusão , necessidade normativa de tratamento, presença de apinhamento, apinhamento maxilar, auto-estima, auto-percepção estética e interesse ortodôntico apresentaram relação estatisticamente significativa com a presença de impactos nas atividades diárias. Um terço dos indivíduos apresentaram impactos nas suas atividades diárias atribuídos as más oclusões. Necessidade de tratamento obrigatória, apinhamento em um ou mais segmentos, apinhamento maxilar ? 2 mm, baixa auto-estima, auto-percepção negativa e ausência de interesse ortodôntico foram considerados indicadores de risco.
Abstract: The present study was composed by 2 articles which aims were evaluate the orthodontic treatment needs in adolescents and to evaluate the presence of impacts on daily performances attribute to malocclusion on daily activities. Adolescents were selected, using two-stage cluster sampling. 528 15-year old students were selected from 10 public schools in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. The exams were carried out by two previously calibrated examiners in accordance with WHO recommendations. A semi-structured questionnaire was sent to the parents to collect information on socioeconomic level. Face-to-face structured interview was used to collect the data about the condition-specific feature of oral impact on daily performances attributed to malocclusions (CS-OIDP) in the past six months. Intraoral examinations were conducted to register all the necessary malocclusion features and to obtain the DAI, IOTN and ICON indices and to determine the normative orthodontic treatment. The subjects were evaluated to their self-esteem (global self-evaluation) and self-perception of oral esthetics (oral aesthetic subjective impact scale). Orthodontic concern was also assessed through questionnaires. Article 1: the aim of this study was to estimate the diagnostic agreement between dental aesthetic index (DAI), index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) and index of complexity outcome and need (ICON) assessments of orthodontic treatment needs and test the association between the normative needs and the presence of impacts on daily performances attributed to malocclusion. DAI, IOTN and ICON were dichotomized into 'yes' or 'no' categories of treatment need and agreement was calculated using Kappa statistics. The results indicate that orthodontic treatment needs according to the criteria adopted were: 20.65% (n=109) DAI; 19.79% (n=104) IOTN (DHC); 4.73% (n=25) IOTN (AC) and 21.78% (n=115) ICON. Agreement of the indices was weak (Kappa ranging 0.018-0.235; p=0.00). Only the comparison IOTN (DHC)-ICON presented a good relationship (Kappa 0.499; p=0.00). Normative needs showed significant relation to oral impacts on daily performances attributed to malocclusions. Article 2: The second study aimed to evaluate the risk indicators of impacts on daily performances attributed to malocclusion. The dental aesthetic index (DAI) was considered for clinical assessment. The (CS-OIDP) instrument was used to assess the presence of impact, as de dependent variable. The self-esteem (global self-evaluation), self-perception of oral esthetics (oral aesthetic subjective impact scale), orthodontic concern and socioeconomic variables were the independent variables. Multiple logistic regressions were used in the data analysis. The results indicated that presence of malocclusion (p = 0.00), normative need (p = 0.00), anterior crowding (p = 0.00), maxillary anterior crowding (p = 0.00), self-esteem (p = 0.03), esthetic self perception (p = 0.00) and orthodontic interest (p = 0.00) were significantly associated with the presence of impacts. Logistic regression indicates that mandatory normative need, anterior crowding in one or more segments, maxillary anterior crowding ? 2 mm, low self esteem, negative esthetic self perception, no orthodontic concern are risk indicators to oral impacts. 1/3 of 15-year old adolescents sample presented impacts on daily performances attributed to malocclusion on the past six months.
Doutorado
Saude Coletiva
Doutor em Odontologia
Fernandes, Jorge Luís Marques. "Avaliação da satisfação do usuário com os serviços de Atenção Básica do Distrito de Saúde Sul da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Campinas/SP, no ano de 2011." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23148/tde-29052013-153602/.
Full textIn this research, an evaluation of satisfaction of users with services of primary health care, belonging to the South Health District, in the city of Campinas, São Paulo, was carried out in the year 2011. This is a household inquiry with quantitative approach performed through a semi-structured questionnaire. The evaluation of satisfaction levels were developed through an angle of humanization of services, health system comprehensiveness, participation in decision making instances of the public health system, solvability potential of the services for health needs, activities of health promotion and oral health care. There was a high frequency in health services by users with absolute predominance of females and mean age of 48.7 years. It was found that the main reason for searching health services was the demand for medical consultations and medicines. The majority of users are satisfied with the health care received. The results demonstrate a high level of humanization of health services, ratified by the approval ratings of waiting time for appointments and examinations, the physical condition of the structures of the units, the approval of the reception attendants approach, by the hours of operation of the units, the humanitarian approach given to users and by means of information for them. There was a high rate of referrals to other levels of care, showing up poor solvability of the service. However, this research found structured and a good level of integration between primary care units and with upper care levels of the system. The results show that health promotion activities were very well evaluated by the population through integrative and complementary health practices, group activities and activities of health education. However, these actions are focused on a small portion of the population. The results of the research showed a disjointed and ineffective level of participation of the community in local health councils, being unable to perform its oversight role and proponent of public health policies. As a result of this research, it was found that oral health care was well evaluated by population. However, the study showed difficulty in access to dental consultations and that oral care was most provided through emergencies, indicating an accumulated great need for oral health. The study showed that oral health is rarely reported by other health professionals. Thus, oral health must be incorporated into the daily health teams and into ongoing assessment mechanisms in order to identify the facilities and difficulties to the good relationship between user and health care service, aiming a significant improvement of health care quality and consequently user satisfaction.
Campos, Elizabeth José. "O público e o privado na gestão em saúde: um estudo de caso sobre o gerenciamento local das equipes da saúde da família no município do Rio de Janeiro." EPSJV, 2013. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/8591.
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Politécnica de Saúde Joaquim Venâncio. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Profissional em Saúde.
No final da década de 90, em um cenário global de crises econômicas, a reforma do Estado entrou nas agendas governamentais. A introdução do modelo gerencial no setor público faz parte deste contexto da reforma administrativa, em que emerge a proposta da nova gestão pública, pautada pelo discurso ideológico de que o setor privado possui o modelo ideal de gestão, capaz de garantir a qualidade e a eficiência. A Secretaria Municipal de Saúde da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, seguindo este caminho de flexibilização da gestão pública, adotou um novo modelo jurídico-institucional para a gestão dos equipamentos públicos de saúde, baseado em Organizações Sociais. Este processo encontra-se vinculado ao novo modelo assistencial proposto para o setor saúde no município, a saúde presente, que incorpora a relação contratual com as OS para a execução dos serviços de saúde, bem como os repasses de recursos públicos. A reflexão deste estudo teve como foco compreender como os mecanismos e processos gerenciais incorporados na gestão da saúde do município, baseados na introdução de mecanismos de mercado e na adoção de ferramentas de gestão privada, se estruturam para atender as demandas da população por necessidades em saúde. O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi analisar os mecanismos e processos de gerenciamento local das equipes de saúde da família no território norte da CAP 5.2/SMS/PCRJ. Para tanto a pesquisa teve como fonte principal os documentos oficiais de gestão público/privado, bem como as atas de reunião do Conselho Distrital de Saúde, o que evidenciou a inexistência da atuação do controle público local na fiscalização e no processo de contratualização da gestão público/privado, contrariando o que está previsto no Sistema Único de Saúde. Observamos, ainda, que o estabelecimento de formas de prestação de serviços encontram-se condicionadas a determinados dispositivos, conectados a lógica da produção e da regulação. Este cenário nos revela uma tensão entre o acesso e a garantia do direito à saúde e o fortalecimento do papel regulatório na organização da atenção, diante da insuficiência concreta da oferta de serviços em atender as demanda da população. Este é um dos elementos percebidos como entrave no que diz respeito às demandas por saúde no contexto estudado. Por fim, os resultados indicaram que a nova gestão pública no setor saúde na Cidade do Rio de Janeiro não se desenvolveu a partir de mobilização da sociedade civil, nem como forma de legitimar reivindicações sobre as necessidades em saúde da população, e sim como um projeto de governo, desvinculado do controle e da participação social.
At the end of the 90s, in a scenario of global economic crisis, the reform of the state entered on government agendas. The introduction of model management in the public sector is part of this context of administrative reform, which emerges in the proposed new public management, guided by ideological discourse that the private sector has the ideal model of management, able to ensure quality and efficiency. The Municipal Secretary of Health of the city of Rio de Janeiro, following this path of public administration flexibility, adopted a new legal- institutional model for the management of public health facilities, based on Social Organizations. This process is linked to the proposed new model of care for the health sector in the county, the present health that incorporates the contractual relationship with the OS for the implementation of health services, as well as the transfers of public resources. The reflection of this study focused on understanding the mechanisms and management processes embedded in the health management of the municipality, based on the introduction of market mechanisms and the adoption of private management tools are structured to meet the demands of the population for health needs. The objective of the research was to analyze the mechanisms and processes of local management of family health teams in the territory north of the CAP 5.2/SMS/PCRJ. For both research had as its primary source documents management official public / private as well as the minutes of the meeting of the District Health Council , which highlighted the lack of performance of local public control and supervision in the contracting process of public management / private, contrary to what is provided for in the National Health System we also observed that the establishment of forms of service delivery are conditioned to certain devices , connected to the logic of production and regulation. This scenario reveals a tension between access and guarantee the right to health and strengthening the regulatory role in the organization of care, given the inadequacy of the offer concrete services to meet the demand of the population. This is one of the elements perceived as an obstacle regarding the demands for health in the context studied. Finally, the results indicated that the new public management in the health sector in the city of Rio de Janeiro has not developed from mobilization of civil society, not as a way of legitimizing claims about the health needs of the population, but as a project government, unbound control and social participation.
Mori, Natália Leite Rosa. "Resolubilidade e demanda para as especialidades estudo transversal dos encaminhamentos a partir da atenção básica /." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153422.
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Outra
A expansão da atenção primária à saúde no Brasil tem obtido avanços significativos desde a criação do Sistema Único de Saúde, buscando assegurar os cuidados de saúde desde o primeiro contato do usuário com o sistema até a continuidade de sua assistência, conforme suas necessidades. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar a demanda de atendimentos realizados pelas unidades de atenção primária e, a partir delas, a demanda de encaminhamentos realizados às especialidades médicas dos serviços de referência, por meio de informações incorporadas em um Sistema de Informação eletrônico. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado a partir de dados secundários no campo da avaliação de serviços de saúde, referente aos atendimentos e encaminhamentos realizados pelas unidades de atenção primária à saúde durante o ano de 2014 no município de Botucatu. Durante a realização do estudo foi possível observar a escassez de produção científica sobre a temática. Constatou-se que, em sua maioria, os atendimentos são realizados por profissionais médicos, independente do modelo de atenção adotado, seguido pelos atendimentos de profissionais da equipe de enfermagem. Os resultados demonstraram também que os serviços de atenção primária tem sido responsáveis por realizar elevado número de atendimentos, ao passo que sua demanda de encaminhamentos tem sido reduzida, sugerindo que estes serviços tem conseguido se alicerçar como porta de entrada do sistema de saúde e alcançar a resolubilidade esperada.
The health primary care expansion in Brazil was made significant progress since the Unified Health System (SUS) establishment, ensuring the health care from first patient's contact with the system until his / her care remains. This study identifies the care demands provided by primary care units and, based on them, the referrals for medical specialties through information incorporated at the electronic Information System. That is a cross study made from secondary data in health care evaluation, regarding the attendance and referral made by primary care units during 2014 on Botucatu city. During the study was possible to note the lack of scientific production about this issue. In major, the attendances are made by medical professionals, regardless the attention model adopted, followed by the attendance by nursing staff professionals. The results also showed that primary care services have been responsible for performing a high number of assistance, while their demand for referrals has been reduced, suggesting that these services have could establish themselves as a gateway to health system and achieved the resolution how it was expected.
Forlin, Deisi Cristine. "A visita domiciliar do enfermeiro na atenção básica: uma proposta de prática emancipatória." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7141/tde-05112014-111853/.
Full textIntroduction: The aim of this research is the Home Visit (HV), one of the instruments for nursing practice in Primary Health Care (PHC). Health practices were understood as work, meaning a previously intended activity to transform health needs, with the goal of improving the response to them. Health needs were understood as the social reproduction needs of the social groups which conform to the range of the Health Units. The HV in PHC is a practice directed to the socially marginalized population, aiming to monitor and control behaviors and habits considered unhealthy. It is assumed that HV can be an emancipatory practice, meaning that it can be implemented through the reflection on the origin of the health needs, to aid subjects in accessing their rights and fight for them, incentive the solidarity values and restore the human condition as a social condition. Aim: To present HV as an emancipatory PHC practice. Method: Emancipatory research-action done with 12 nurses from the West Central Health Coordination, in the city of São Paulo, who participated in 12 workshops to elaborate a HV script, which will constitute pedagogical material. The group elaboration process for the script began with the conceptual improvement and reflection on the practices developed by nurses in PHC. The content of the workshops, recorded in audio, was transcribed and analyzed in light of the analytical categories of the work process in health, and health needs, proposed by the Collective health field. Results: The process to elaborate the HV script promoted reflection and critical analysis of the traditional HV practices, which reduce the complexity of health needs to clinical problems and aggravations. The health needs were raised as an object of the HV practices and these expressed the possibility of expansion, with the incorporation of social determinants to the health-sickness process for the object of the work. The participants identified that in HV the aim of the practices has responded to interests foreign to the health needs of the population, privileging the fulfillment of goals and pre-established indicators from ministerial programs. The process was concluded with the elaboration of a HV script, as an emancipatory practice. Conclusion: The emancipatory research-action made possible the elaboration of the emancipatory HV script by the nurses, through reflection on the traditional hegemonic practices in PHC in light of Collective Health concepts.
Vidor, Ana Cristina. "Diagnóstico da adequação da distribuição do trabalho médico por especialidades no Brasil." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/56683.
Full textBACKGROUND: In Brazil, the doctors are distributed unevenly, concentrating mainly in the Southeast and South, which makes the proper distribution of doctor work is a major challenge of equity in health. Although the unequal distribution of doctors is a global problem, missing parameters to identify where there is a lack and excess of these professionals. Moreover, it is necessary that this distribution is suitable both geographically and between specialties. Although there isn‟t a model of ideal distribution of medical and several factors may interfere with the need for this training, and evaluating the need for professional to take into account the context in which their work will be developed. In Brazil, the strengthening of the SUS and Primary Health Care (PHC) are important strategies in the quest for improved health and promoting health equity, is necessary to evaluate the adequacy of supply and distribution of doctors in the country for these purposes. OBJECTIVES: To identify the adequacy of the supply of doctors in Brazil, total and by specialty care within the parameters of the Ministry of Health and compared with a health system oriented APS. Identifying deficiencies and excesses of doctors, according to these benchmarks in the five Brazilian regions. METHODS: The offer of doctorsr, registered in the National Register of Health Facilities (CNES) in July 2009, total and by specialty, was compared to the need for medical care based on the parameters of HD decree 1101 / 2002, considering the productivity parameters resolutions No. 01/2005 and No. 04/2005 of the Conselho Regional de Medicina de Pernambuco (CREMEPE). We also compared the offer of doctors in Canada, as the Southam Medical Database 2009 (SMDB). Comparisons are made also for the five regions of the country. RESULTS: The total medical coverage in Brazil provides assistance to meet the recommendations of the HD according to the parameters adopted, but the distribution among the specialties is not suitable for these recommendations. The regional distribution, are observed deficiencies in the North, where coverage is insufficient to provide medical care recommended by HD, and the Northeast, where coverage is sufficient to meet only the recommendations for two medical appointment.inhabitant / year. Compared to the Canadian model, the Brazilian medical coverage is inadequate. The only region where failure was not identified in this comparison was the Southeast. The evaluation of medical coverage for specialty identifies that there are specialties with shortages in all regions, with other excesses in all regions. Some specialties have adequate general coverage, but they are poorly distributed across regions. For some specialties were conflicting results between the two models for comparison. Conclusions: Medical coverage in Brazil is not adequate care or the parameters of HD nor a health system oriented to the PAH, reinforcing the need for regulatory systems of training doctors in Brazil.
Souza, Doriane Patrícia Ferraz de. "Estudo exploratório da atenção hospitalar de alta complexidade prestada pelos hospitais do SUS." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2004. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/5067.
Full textO Ministério da Saúde (MS), no intuito de organizar a oferta de serviços de saúde de forma a contribuir para uma aproximação cada vez maior com os princípios eselecidos na Constituição Federal e na Lei Orgânica da Saúde, vem conformando diversas redes de assistência voltadas a problemas específicos de saúde e a programasprioritários de governo. A oferta de atenção de alta complexidade (AC), caracterizada pela alta densidadetecnológica, o elevado custo dos procedimentos e necessidade de profissionais muito especializados, tem sido objeto de atenção do MS na conformação de redes de atenção. Estas redes tem sido justificadas devido à escassez da oferta desses serviços nos Estados do país e de profissionais qualificados, além da necessidade de se atingir economia de escala, reduzindo os custos e promovendo maior qualidade da atenção. Nesse contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a oferta e a utilização dos serviços hospitalares de AC financiados pelo MS bem como descrever a sua utilização. O ano de 2002 foi selecionado para o estudo, tendo sido analisados os serviços cadastrados e as hospitalizações do Sistema Único de Saúde de todo o Brasil, caracterizadas como de AC. Para a distribuição da oferta de AC foram utilizados os dados do Ministério da Saúde e o programa computacional Arc View que cruzou os dados dos serviços cadastrados com o código de municípios. Para cada Estado da federação, foram analisadas: as hospitalizações ocorridas nos hospitais que atenderam aos pacientes da alta complexidade, os procedimentos de AC, os valores pagos, os óbitos e letalidade hospitalar e a importação e exportação dos pacientes entre os Estados.Verificou-se uma concentração do volume de internação e gastos de AC nas faixas etárias de 40 a 79 anos e uma discreta prevalência do sexo masculino. Quanto às especialidades, apresentaram volume substancial de internação: a neurocirurgia, a oncologia e a cardiologia. Observou-se, ainda, que as informações do fluxo de importação e exportação de pacientes de AC podem ser utilizadas na programação das ações e recursos da saúde. Recomenda-se a reestruturação e reorganização do sistema de AC.
Araujo, Tiago de Melo. "Acompanhamento de usuários de aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual em um serviço de saúde auditiva: motivos do retorno e condutas associadas." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11874.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Introduction: The problem of hearing loss mobilized health professionals, culminating in the establishment of PNASA (2004), which guaranteed full assistance for the hearing impaired. Thus, patients undergo a number of procedures during the process of selection and fitting of hearing aids through a service hearing healthcare professional. After nearly six years of implementation of PNASA, a growing number of patients seeking feedback on services, and often this is related return is simple procedures that can be readily achieved for the benefit of patients. This question envisioned the organization of an Emergency Care agenda as a strategy to meet this demand. Goal: Establish the demographic and audiological, identify and analyze the reasons of return and the respective managements as well as linking this analysis with the variables of time of use of HA and the time interval between the last day of the hearing evaluation and the Emergency Care. Method: The study included 440 subjects who met the selection criteria of the survey, conducted in DERDIC during the period of four months. These patients, who asked for return to service, were served through the emergency department, and the data collected through a specific form developed by the researchers. The outcome analysis was performed considering: audiological and demographic data of the subjects, the reason for return and pipelines generated. Results: With regard to demographic characteristics and audiologic of 440 subjects, we observed that 58.6% were female, 38.4% were elderly (over 60), 40.4% had schooling in primary school, 47 % had moderate hearing loss (in the better ear), 85% had sensorineural hearing loss bilaterally, 88.2% were users of BTE type hearing aid, 86.1% were using ears, 70.7% were use of hearing aids for the first time, 38.1% were using the hearing aid for a period of up to 12 months from the date of receipt of the devices and 65.5% reported use of hearing aids for a period equal to or greater than 8 hours / daily. The combinations occurring more reason to return and conduct, observed in 386 subjects were, respectively: O and O with 80% Ac and Ac with 58%, M and M 47.5%; Ass Ass and a 46% and Aj and Aj with 36.3%. Ducts Aj, M and O have been occurring for most subjects with shorter duration of use of hearing aids and shorter interval of time between the last day of the hearing evaluation and emergency department concurrently. Conclusion: The characteristics of the population that calls back to the Hearing Health Service DERDIC / PUCSP, reasons for returning and professional conduct, reflected significant implications for organization of processes involved in follow up of hearing aid users. A protocol for orientation in early use of hearing aids, the scheduling of follow up visits based on the date of last hearing evaluation and other changes in routine can result in better efficacy of the consultation, therefore greater benefit to the user of hearing aids, as well as improved quality of service provided
Introdução: A problemática da deficiência auditiva mobilizou profissionais da saúde, culminando na instituição da PNASA (2004), que garantiu atendimento integral aos deficientes auditivos. Assim, os pacientes são submetidos há uma série de procedimentos durante o processo de seleção e adaptação do AASI por meio de um serviço de atenção à saúde auditiva credenciado. Após quase seis anos de implantação da PNASA, cresce o número de pacientes que solicitam retorno aos serviços, e muitas vezes este retorno está relacionado há procedimentos simples que podem ser prontamente realizados em benefício destes pacientes. Esta questão idealizou a organização de uma agenda de Pronto Atendimento como estratégia para atender esta demanda. Objetivo: Estabelecer as características demográficas e audiológicas, identificar e analisar os motivos do retorno e as respectivas condutas, assim como relacionar a referida análise com as variáveis: tempo de uso do AASI e intervalo de tempo decorrido entre a última avaliação audiológica e o dia do Pronto Atendimento. Método: Participaram do estudo 440 sujeitos que atenderam aos critérios de seleção da pesquisa, realizada na DERDIC durante o período de quatro meses. Estes pacientes, que solicitaram retorno ao serviço, foram atendidos por meio do Pronto Atendimento, e os dados coletados por meio de ficha específica elaborada pelos pesquisadores. A análise de resultados foi realizada, considerando-se: dados demográficos e audiológicos dos sujeitos, o motivo do retorno e as condutas geradas. Resultados: Com relação às características demográficas e audiológicas dos 440 sujeitos, verificamos que: 58,6% eram do gênero feminino, 38,4% eram idosos (acima de 60 anos), 40,4% possuíam nível de escolaridade no ensino fundamental incompleto, 47% tinham grau de perda auditiva moderada (na melhor orelha), 85% tinham perda auditiva do tipo neurossensorial bilateral, 88,2% eram usuários de AASI do tipo retroauricular, 86,1% faziam uso de adaptação binaural, 70,7% faziam uso do AASI pela primeira vez, 38,1% faziam uso do AASI por um período de até 12 meses contados a partir da data de recebimento dos dispositivos e 65,5% referiram uso do AASI por um período igual ou maior que 8 horas/diárias. As combinações mais ocorrentes de motivo do retorno e conduta, observadas em 386 sujeitos, foram, respectivamente: O e O com 80%; Ac e Ac com 58%; M e M com 47,5%; Ass e Ass com 46% e Aj e Aj com 36,3%. As condutas Aj, M e O foram mais ocorrentes para sujeitos com menor tempo de uso do AASI e menor intervalo de tempo decorrido entre a última avaliação audiológica e o dia do Pronto Atendimento concomitantemente. Conclusão: As características da população que solicita retorno ao Serviço de Atenção a Saúde Auditiva da DERDIC/PUCSP, os motivos do retorno e as condutas profissionais realizadas, refletiram implicações significativas para a organização de processos envolvidos no acompanhamento de usuários de AASI. A criação de um protocolo de acompanhamento para sessões de orientação nos primeiros meses de uso do AASI, o agendamento do retorno para acompanhamento realizado pela própria secretaria com base na data da última avaliação audiológica e a criação de datas de rotina, sem necessidade de marcação para confecção de pré-moldes são sugestões de estratégias que almejam maior resolubilidade dos retornos e benefício ao usuário de AASI, assim como a melhora na qualidade do serviço prestado
Freitas, Kátia Santana. ""Necessidades de familiares em unidades de terapia intensiva: análise comparativa entre hospital público e privado"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7139/tde-18042006-163318/.
Full textIts a transversal, observational comparative study, which proposed to analyze comparatively the family members needs of adult patients admitted in ICUs at a public and a private hospital, seeking to evidence possible differences between these two types of facilities. Data collection was made from November 2004 to February 2005. A total of 91 family members were interviewed, in which 47 were from a public facility and 44 from a private one. Family members needs were measured by the importance and satisfaction degree through the Inventory of Family Stressors and Needs in Intensive Care (IFSNIC) [ the Brazilian adaptation of the Critical Care Family Needs Inventory (CCFNI)]. Chi-square, Mann Whitney and t-Student and Multiple Linear Regression were used for statistic analysis. About 89% of 43 needs from IFSNIC were considered important for the two groups, especially those ones related to Safety and Information. The family members from the private hospital presented higher satisfaction score than the ones from the public hospital (p=0.002), the needs of lower satisfaction were related to Comfort and Support. Regression analysis revealed that in the public facility the need which contributed the most to Importance score was knowing why specific procedures were made with the patient (b=0.578) and, at the private one, "knowing the patients cure chance" (b=0.479); satisfaction score at the private ICU was mostly influenced by the item having questions answered with sincerity (b=0.404) and, at the private one, by the need of being informed of everything that is related to the patients evolution (b=0.396). The difference observed among family members in this study suggests that their need fulfillment requires interventions guided to the specificity of each type of facility.
Valera, Rangel Biscaro. "Caracterização dos pacientes readmitidos em um serviço de emergência." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7139/tde-20122006-100006/.
Full textThe great need for the Emergency Department and the resultant length of stay of the patients in repeated admissions become a hard situation for nurses, who are responsible for the administration on this units. Objectives: characterize the readmitted patients at the Emergency Department in a philanthropyc hospital; identify the socialdemographic and morbity profile of the readmitted patients; characterize the use of the Emergency Department; identify factors associated with readmissions. Methods: transversal, descriptive and exploratory study, at the Emergency Department on a tertiary health service of a philanthropic teaching hospital in São Paulo city, the sample was made by patients over fourteen years old that became inpatient at the Emergency Department, with over than one admission until six months before the data collection day. It was used an instrument with opened and closed questions for the data collection. Data were obtained from patient records and by interview to the patient or responsible, during May 2004. Results: the readmission incidence was 23,3%. The patients were predominantly males (61,9%), age 40 to 90 years old (85,9%), low level education (57,8%); 46,7% lived at areas regarding the regionalization of the health service. Almost of all (92,8%) wasnt registered at Family Health Program, and a high proportion of patients (45,4%) were unaware of this program. The main diagnosis were circulatory disease (33,7%) followed by cancer (24,1%). Most of patients (57,6%) was readmitted with the same diagnosis and 23,9% due to complications. On the perception of 40,9% of the patients, the related factors to readmissions were classified as potentially avoidable causes. Conclusions: The readmission incidence was raised, it was can be caused by problems in adherence to treatment, gravity of chronic disease, not enough orientation, or by complications
Neves, Ana Carolina de Oliveira Jeronymo. "Gestão do cuidado domiciliar pelo cuidador de um familiar dependente para o autocuidado." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2018. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/7215.
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Este estudo tem por objeto a gestão do cuidado domiciliar pelo cuidador de um familiar parcial ou totalmente dependente para o autocuidado. O enfoque são as necessidades e demandas ao cuidador familiar de usuários do SUS, em atendimento domiciliar. Objetivou-se: desenvolver uma teoria substantiva sobre a gestão do cuidado domiciliar pelo cuidador familiar de adultos e idosos, parcial ou totalmente dependentes para o autocuidado; descrever como o cuidador gere o cuidado de seu familiar, no âmbito domiciliar; compreender as necessidades e as demandas do usuário, sob o olhar do cuidador familiar; analisar os custos financeiros, sociais e emocionais emanados do cuidado domiciliar, na ótica do cuidador familiar. Realizou-se uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, com a utilização do referencial metodológico da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados, desenvolvida em duas etapas; em ambas executou-se a técnica da observação participante. Na primeira foi realizado ambiência e coleta de dados em prontuário para avaliação do perfil sociodemográfico e de saúde, aplicado a todos os usuários do Programa de Atenção Domiciliar Interdisciplinar, totalizando 46 participantes. Na segunda foram entrevistados dezenove cuidadores familiares, aplicando-se quatro instrumentos para avaliação da capacidade do autocuidado do usuário; avaliação do perfil sociodemográfico e de saúde do cuidador familiar; classificação econômica familiar; avaliação da sobrecarga do cuidador. Além da realização de uma entrevista gravada, com questões semiestruturadas. Os participantes foram distribuídos em quatro grupos amostrais. O primeiro foi constituído por seis cuidadores de familiares totalmente dependentes para o autocuidado, que não possuíam ajuda de cuidadores remunerados. O segundo foi composto por cinco cuidadores de familiares totalmente dependentes para o autocuidado, que possuíam o auxílio de cuidadores remunerados. O terceiro compreendeu três cuidadores de familiares parcialmente dependentes para o autocuidado, sem auxílio do cuidador remunerado. O quarto, constituído por cinco participantes, possibilitou a validação do modelo teórico substantivo, a partir dos achados desta pesquisa. A análise dos dados ocorreu concomitantemente à coleta de dados e foi conduzida mediante os três tipos de codificação: aberta, axial e seletiva. Emergiram dos dados as seguintes categorias: tornando-se cuidador do seu ente querido, adoecido e dependente de cuidados; gerindo o cuidado no contexto domiciliar: a compreensão e o atendimento das necessidades e demandas pelo cuidador familiar; tecendo a rede de relações: a família e os serviços de saúde como espaço do cuidado; recebendo a assistência da equipe multiprofissional do Programa de Atenção Domiciliar Interdisciplinar e compreendendo o orçamento familiar: condições que influenciam o cuidar em domicílio; buscando serviços e distribuindo funções: estratégias para a gestão do cuidado; cuidando de seu familiar: sentindo a sobrecarga física, emocional, financeira e social. O familiar assume a função de cuidador, de forma integral, executando procedimentos, planejando e organizando recursos, buscando serviços, supervisionando, enfim, gerindo o cuidado domiciliar. Nessa gama de funções e responsabilidades, sentem-se sobrecarregados. Sendo assim, a atuação da equipe multiprofissional do Serviço de Atenção Domiciliar é imprescindível para a manutenção do cuidado domiciliar mediante o desenvolvimento do sistema apoio-educação, auxílio ou mesmo realização de procedimentos de maior complexidade.
This study aims at the management of home care by the caregiver of a family member partially or totally dependent for self care. The focus is on the needs and demands of the family caregiver of SUS users, in home care. The objective of this study was to: develop a substantive theory about the management of home care by the family caregiver of adults and the elderly, partially or totally dependent for self-care; describe how the caregiver manages the care of his family member, at home; understand the needs and demands of the user, under the eyes of the family caregiver; to analyze the financial, social and emotional costs emanating from home care, from the point of view of the family caregiver. A qualitative research was carried out using the methodological framework of Grounded Theory developed in two stages; in both the participant observation technique was executed. In the first one, an ambience and data collection in medical records for the evaluation of the sociodemographic and health profile was carried out, applied to all users of the Interdisciplinary Home Care Program, totaling 46 participants. In the second, nineteen family caregivers were interviewed, applying four instruments to assess the user's self-care capacity; evaluation of the sociodemographic and health profile of the family caregiver; family economic classification; caregiver overload assessment. In addition, to conducting a recorded interview with semistructured questions. Participants were divided into four sample groups. The first group consisted of six caregivers of family members totally dependent on self-care, who did not have the help of paid caregivers. The second group consisted of five caregivers of family members totally dependent on self-care, who had the help of paid caregivers. The third group comprised three caregivers of partially dependent relatives for self-care, without the assistance of the paid caregiver. The fourth, made up of five participants, allowed the validation of the theoretical model, based on the findings of this research. The data analysis was carried out concomitantly with data collection and was conducted using the three types of coding: open, axial and selective. The following categories emerged from the data: becoming caring for your loved one, sick and dependent on care; managing care in the home context: understanding and meeting the needs and demands of the family caregiver; weaving the network of relationships: the family and health services as a locus of care; receiving the assistance of the multiprofessional team of the Interdisciplinary Home Care Program and understanding the family budget: conditions that influence home care; seeking services and distributing functions: strategies for the management of home care by the family; caring for your family member: feeling the physical, emotional, financial and social overload. The family member assumes the role of caregiver, in an integral way, executing procedures, planning and organizing resources, seeking services, supervising, and finally managing home care. In this range of roles and responsibilities, they feel overwhelmed. Therefore, the work of the multiprofessional team of the Home Care Service is essential for the maintenance of home care through the development of the support-education system, assistance or even the implementation of more complex procedures.
Bittencourt, Roberto José. "A superlotação dos serviços de emergência hospitalar como evidência de baixo desempenho organizacional." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2010. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/2568.
Full textO estudo teve como objetivo investigar a superlotação nos serviços de emergência hospitalar (SEH). Para tal, foram elaborados dois artigos, já publicados. O primeiro, elaborado durante a crise dos serviços de emergência hospitalar de 2005, discutiu as características estruturantes do Programa QUALISUS do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil, em curso de implantação, analisou as especificidades desses serviços e fez algumas considerações sobre o sistema de saúde do município do Rio de Janeiro, sede do início do programa QUALISUS. Com a complexidade do cenário onde o programa era implementado, exemplificado pela grave crise na assistência àqueles que demandavam cuidados nos serviços de emergência, assim como as características da matriz da qualidade sugerida pelo programa, cuja ênfase é na reorganização da rede dos serviços de emergência e na recepção dos serviços de emergência hospitalar, voltados para o acolhimento e a classificação de risco, optou-se pelo aprofundamento do estudo sobre os SEH. A partir de uma revisão sistemática, discutiu-se as intervenções voltadas para solucionar o problema da superlotação dos Serviços de Emergência Hospitalar, e identificou-se evidências de baixo desempenho organizacional. A revisão sistemática partiu de um universo de 2.992 títulos, onde foram selecionados 822 títulos para análise de resumos e textos integrais, entre o período de 2000 a junho de 2007. A superlotação foi caracterizada como um fenômeno mundial, com causas e conseqüências. As intervenções que interferiram positivamente no principal indicador da superlotação, o tempo de permanência no SEH, apontaram para a melhoria do fluxo de saída dos pacientes dos serviços de emergência hospitalar, através do aumento do desempenho organizacional. Os resultados dessa revisão desmistificaram as soluções que aumentam as barreiras de acesso ou melhoram a estrutura dos SEH. Os dois artigos se complementam, na medida em que, a análise do contexto da implantação de um programa institucional de qualidade e dos seus conceitos, suscitou a necessidade de investigar mais profundamente as características desses serviços e propor hipóteses para solucionar seus graves problemas.
The study aimed to investigate the overcrowding in the public hospitals emergency rooms (ER). For such, two articles had been elaborated and are already published. The first one is related to the crisis of the public hospitals emergency rooms services which took place in the year of 2005 in Brazil. It presents the major characteristics of the Ministry of Health QUALISUS Program, analyzes the specificities of these services and made some considerations about the city of Rio de Janeiro health system, QUALISUS headquarter. Given the complexity of the broad picture where the program was implemented, leaded by the serious crisis in the emergency rooms medical care, as well as the characteristics of the quality matrix suggested by the program, whose emphasis is the reorganization of the emergency services network and in the reception of the services of hospital emergency driven toward the shelter and the classification of risk, it was decided to deepen the research on the emergency room aspects. From a thorough systematic review based on a universe of 2.992 titles, 882 full articles and abstracts from the period between 2.000 and 2.007 were analyzed. Overcrowding was characterized as a world-wide phenomenon, with causes and consequences. Among the main aspects, this literature raise up a range of interventions to solve the emergency room overcrowding. Low organizational performance is a scientific finding. Interventions that had modified positively the main indicator of overcrowding, the time of permanence in the emergency room, dealt with the improvement of the patients discharge from emergency rooms through the increase of the organizational performance. The results of this systematic revision had demystified the solutions that increase access barriers or improve the structure of the emergency room. The two articles are complementary: the analysis of a quality institutional program concepts and implementation rose up the need to better understand the major characteristics of the emergency room services to identify hypothesis to solve its major problems.
Vernasque, Juliana Ribeiro da Silva. "Determinantes sociais da saúde: os olhares dos profissionais da atenção básica do município de Marília-SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-24032011-142954/.
Full textSocial Determinants of Health (SDH) are nowadays an important object of study in the field of Public Health. On understanding them will allow actions of care and response to health needs in the promotion, prevention, treatment and health recovery; besides helping to reduce vulnerabilities, health inequities and contribute to the promotion of social justice. Firstly, the purpose of the study was to identify which aspects of SDH are recognized for the Primary Care Professionals in the Municipal district of Marilia; as well as they are perceived and managed to promote health. Secondly, this research selected a qualitative method, which the interview guide used was semi-structured and ethnographic observations of the participants. Thirdly, five women professionals, public health authorities, were interviewed in a Basic Health Unit (BHU) and five more public health authorities of a FHS (Family Health Strategy). Fourthly, a treatment was performed in an interpretive understanding way to the field material, based on the categories of SDH pattern by Dahlgren and Whitehead (1991), the concept of health care by Ayres (2009) and in the context of the health needs by Schraiber and by Mendes Gonçalves (2000) and by Cecilio (2001). In order to present the results were grouped four themes: 1) Conditions of life and work, 2) The lifestyle of individuals, 3) Social Networking and Community 4) Socioeconomic, cultural and environmental on the whole. Finally, the interpretation of such results led to the following main conclusions: the need for SDH approach in the training of health professionals and also stimulate the activities of Continuing Education, attending meetings with the community, intersectoral action and public policies for this purpose; teamwork promotes health interventions more responsive to SDH; full shares of health care, such as hospitality, extended listening of the individuals that will provide more effective communication with others, respect for autonomy and the formation of bonds expands the possibilities for effective care and health needs, helping with a health care more humane, comprehensive and equitable
Silva, Luzicléia Carolina de Moura e. "Implantação de complexos reguladores no Estado de Pernambuco: uma avaliação a partir dos gestores da saúde." Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, 2010. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/13316.
Full textFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães. Recife, PE, Brasil
A Constituição Brasileira de 1988 refletiu, no campo da saúde, os resultados de uma política de Bem-Estar Social com a instituição do Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS. O SUS tem princípios e diretrizes basilares de igualdade do acesso, universalidade e integralidade como pressupostos, que exigem da administração pública compromissos e o constante exercício de alinhar financiamento, capacidade gestora e garantia dos direitos cidadãos. Para auxiliar nesse processo, a adoção de mecanismos e instrumentos de gestão, que consigam conciliar a oferta de serviços de saúde à população à demanda é uma estratégia importante. Em 2008, no Brasil, foi institucionalizada a Política Nacional de Regulação que induziu a formação de complexos reguladores como estruturas mediadoras da relação oferta e demanda pelos serviços de saúde. Esse trabalho buscou avaliar a implantação/implementação dos complexos reguladores em Pernambuco como parte dessa política. Trata-se de um estudo de caso com triangulação de fontes de dados para aprofundar a análise. Foram utilizados como instrumentos de coleta a busca de documentos oficiais e entrevistas semi-estruturadas. As entrevistas foram aplicadas a informantes-chaves que ocuparam cargos estratégicos da gestão desse campo. A análise foi feita pela técnica da redução de dados, através da categorização emergente do material analisado. As categorias foram distribuídas num plano de análise com três agregados que trataram da concepção de regulação em saúde e de complexo regulador, dos processos de tomada de decisão e implantação. Conclui-se que persiste no estado uma ação centralizada da Secretaria de Saúde Estadual, com baixa participação dos municípios no processo decisório, espaço de gestão da CIB fragilizado e descapitalizado de poder gestor e a conseqüência inevitável da condução da política de regulação, com a implantação/implementação de complexos reguladores, no Estado de Pernambuco, distante do que normatizam as portarias do Ministério da Saúde, no tocante à concretização das ações reguladoras que potencialmente beneficiariam a população usuária do SUS
Souza, Felipe Pereira de. "Avaliação assistencial da população atendida no ambulatório A2MG404 (Hepatite B) da Divisão de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia Clínica do HC-FMUSP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5168/tde-02082018-092051/.
Full textBackground: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major public health problem with significant burden across all global regions, once they affect about 250 million people around the world. Worldwide, due to the great migratory movement, changes were described in the profile of patients with hepatitis B. In this way, we aimed to characterize the population of patients with chronic hepatitis B seen in the ambulatory A2MG404 of Viral Hepatitis of HC-FMUSP. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study of 617 new patients with positive serological tests results for HBV, followed up in the A2MG404 ambulatory between January 2005 and December 2015. Demographic, epidemiological and clinical data were obtained from institutional electronic medical records (SIGH-PRODESP, HCMED and ProntMed). Data collection and management was performed using REDCap online software (V6.16.4). Statistical analysis was performed using R software (V3.3.0). Shapiro-Wilk Test was used to test the normality of the data; non-parametric data were compared using Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney Test; proportions among populations were compared using the Z-Test. Values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Male predominance (60.9%); median age of 48 years; white race (70.8%) and low educational level (37.4%) was observed among the patients. Most of them were Brazilian (93.5%), living in the State of São Paulo (98.4%), mainly in the city of São Paulo (63.6%). Patients living in other Brazilian states were also assisted in the service (1.6%), as well as foreigners (6.5%). HCV coinfection were identified in 7.8% of patients; and HIV in 1.3% of these. At baseline, 109/617 (17.66%) patients were HBeAg positive [chronic infection: 42/617 (6.8%); chronic hepatitis: 67/617 (10.8%)]; 350/617 (56.72%) patients were HBeAg negative [chronic infection: 290/617 (47.0%); chronic hepatitis: 60/617 (9.7%)]; 104/617 (16.9%) patients were Total Anti-HBc and Anti-HBs positive; 49/617 (8.0%) patients were Anti-HBc Total isolated; and 5/617 (0.8%) patients had anomalous serological profile of hepatitis B. Significant decrease in ALT, AST, APRI, viral load (p < 0.001), hemoglobin (p = 0.007) and total bilirubin (p = 0.011); as well as significant increase of direct bilirubin and INR (p < 0.001) of patients were observed during the follow-up. FIB-4 score didn\'t present a statistically significant difference in the same interval. The analysis shows that 30.3% of the patients received antiviral treatment, being Tenofovir (28.3%) the most prescribed, followed by Lamivudine (19.8%), Tenofovir+Lamivudine (19.8%) and Entecavir (19.2%). Entecavir presented the highest HBeAg seroconversion rate (6/9; 66.66%), whereas Lamivudine presented the highest rate for HBsAg (5/30, 16.66%). Tenofovir has greater potential for viral load reduction, platelet increase, and hepatic enzymes normalization than Lamivudine and Entecavir (p < 0.05). In total, 5412 medical appointment were performed, most of them was classified as \"follow up\" type (85.8%). Absences were recorded in 11.9% of the medical appointments scheduled in the period. Conclusions: The population served in the service is heterogeneous, with representation of different genders, ethnicities, age groups and nationalities. In it, at least 14 nationalities are represented, reflecting the phenomenon of immigration observed worldwide. Educational actions are required to promote adherence to the necessary medical care for these patients
Silva, Barbara Ribeiro Buffette. "Práticas de enfermeiras da USF Jardim Boa Vista: em pauta a participação social." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7141/tde-20022013-152142/.
Full textThe objects of the present study are the practices that favor social participation, performed by primary health care nurses working in Family Health Units (FHU). Primary health nurses practices have been guided by public health policies, and should, therefore, adopt the concept of the health-diseases process as sanctioned by the national health system, which states that there are determining and conditioning factors associated with the life styles of individuals and social groups. For this reason, nurses must plan their practices aiming to meet broader health needs. However, the protocols guiding nurses practices focus mainly on clinical medicine, thus limiting the objects of these practices to illness and disease. Literature records the description of practices based predominantly on clinical medicine knowledge, centered on illness, disease, and processes characteristic of specific life phases; i.e., practices that meet mainly the needs for the preservation of life. It is believed that including social participation as one of the goals of health care would allow achieving responses for the broader health needs, since that participation stands in the roots of health needs, as it permits to enhance the conditions of social reproduction. Theoretical framework: health needs are recognized as the needs of social reproduction, hence, they are determined by the social insertion of individuals and social groups, and will emerge in different ways in the different social classes. Therefore, health needs are not met exclusively at health services. In order to meet health needs, it is necessary to consider the needs of social reproduction which originate in the different ways of working and living, and stand at the basis of health-diseases processes; the need for the presence of the State, which assures the rights to meeting the needs of social reproduction and of social participation, which permit to attend to needs before interests, thus allowing an enhancement of the social reproduction needs. Participating in this study is understood as the processes of social battles aimed at transforming the conditions of social reality, economic needs and/or sociopolitical and cultural oppression. Overall objective: to identify the characteristics of the practices conducted by primary health care nurses, which aim to encourage the social participations of patients and social groups. Specific objectives: to identify the practices conducted by the nurses of a FHU; identify and analyze the nurses practices that benefit mobilization and social participation; analyze the nurses practices that make social participation effective. Purpose: to support primary health care practices, focused on nurses practices, so they are conducted as responded to broader health needs. Methodological procedures: qualitative case study, performed with all nurses working with Family Health Strategy at the FHU of the Butantã Health Division. First, interviews were conducted. After, were made the participant observation of practices that favor social participation. Health needs and social participation were the analytical categories. The project was approved by Research Ethics Committees and complied with all ethical principles. Results: It was identified, in the FHU nurses working processes, practices based on the concept of the social determinants of the health-disease process; hence, broader practices, aiming at the health care to individuals as well as to social groups. Those practices incorporated the association between the conditions of social reproduction and health-disease processes; in other words, they answered broader health needs, beyond those of the bio-psyche-body. By achieving an understanding of that nexus with the subjects of care, those practices allowed for mobilization, inherent to social participation, with a view to improving ones work, life, and, thus, health conditions. Therefore, the spaces for answering broader health needs were not restricted to individual care, and those of mobilization for social participation were not restricted nor exclusive of the Administration Committee. These participative practices were incorporated in the working processes of FHU nurses; however, legitimated by the FHU manager, who was also a nurse, in harmony with the characteristics of the democratic administration of the referred FHU. Final remarks: in order for health practices to meet health needs, social participation must be incorporated to the purposes of the working processes of all health care workers. This is the way of assuring that the health needs of the local population will be recognized and made the object not only of the work at the FHU, but also of processes of social participation, as the latter allows making a change in the concrete reality of the social groups, by improving the conditions of social reproduction, which, on their hand, stand within the roots of the health needs. Nevertheless, workers, particularly and firstly the management, must acknowledge that process, so it does not become periodic, sporadic.
Souza, Izabel Oliva Marcilio de. "Previsão do volume diário de atendimentos no serviço de pronto socorro de um hospital geral: comparação de diferentes métodos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-03102013-121222/.
Full textOBJECTIVES: This study aims to develop different models to forecast the daily number of patients seeking emergency department (ED) care in a general hospital according to calendar variables and ambient temperature readings and to compare the models in terms of forecasting accuracy. METHODS: We developed and tested six different models of ED patient visits using total daily counts of patient visits to the Instituto Central do Hospital das Clínicas Emergency Department from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2010. We used the first 33 months of the dataset to develop the ED patient visits forecasting models (the training set), leaving the last 3 months to measure each model\'s forecasting accuracy by the mean absolute percentage error. Forecasting models were developed using 3 different time series analysis methods: generalized linear models, generalized estimating equations and seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA). For each method, we explored models with and without the effect of mean daily temperature as a predictive variable. RESULTS: Daily mean number of ED visits was 389, ranging from 166 to 613. Data showed a weekly seasonal distribution, with highest patient volumes on Mondays and lowest patient volumes on weekends. There was little variation in daily visits by month. Generalized linear models and generalized estimating equation models showed better forecasting accuracy than SARIMA models. For instance, the mean absolute percentage errors from generalized linear models and generalized estimating equations models at the first month of forecasting (October, 2012), were 11.5% and 10.8% (models with and without control for the temperature effect, respectively), while the mean absolute percentage errors from SARIMA models were 12.8% and 11.7% (models with and without control for the temperature effect, respectively). For all models, controlling for the effect of temperature resulted in worse or similar forecasting ability than models with calendar variables alone, and forecasting accuracy was better for the short term horizon (7 days in advance) than for the longer term (30 days in advance). CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that time series models can be developed to provide forecasts of daily ED patient visits, and forecasting ability was dependent on the type of model employed and the length of the time-horizon being predicted. In our setting, generalized linear models and generalized estimating equation models showed better accuracy, and including information about ambient temperature in the models did not improve forecasting accuracy. Forecasting models based on calendar variables alone did in general detect patterns of daily variability in ED volume, and thus could be used for developing an automated system for better planning of personnel resources
Nascimento, Alexandra Bulgarelli do. "O registro dos prontuários hospitalares como subsídio para a gestão em saúde." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7139/tde-22122010-160238/.
Full textThis work aims to set the basis for a health management by analyzing the key informations of 430 medical records, which were taken from two public hospitals in the city of São Paulo, in April 2010.The research showed that the records were different in both hospitals in most of the variables studied. Consequently, they had to be analysed distinctively. It was observed that, while the variables: gender, age, diagnosis, hospital discharge reasons, lengh of stay and medical cares were entirely recorded, variables like blood pressure, cardiac and breathing frequency, body temperature, pain, food, bath and locomotion were partially recorded. Considering the variables entirely recorded, it was verified that in the hospitals A and B, respectively, the most medical admission requirements were for adults between 30-59 years of age (35.9%, 42.3%), elderly aged 60 or older (22.8%, 16.3%) and children under 4 years old (20.1%, 17.2%). On the same way, children (4 a 5 days, 4 a 6 days) and elderly (2 a 6 days, 4 a 6 days) had longer lenght of stay. In hospital A respiratory system diseases (20.5%) were the leading cause of medical admissions followed by mental and behavioral disorders (14.4%), compared to hospital B, respiratory system diseases (15.4%) followed by circulatory system illnesses(13.5%). In both cases A and B, respectively, the basic care were more frequent on the hospital discharge (n=278, n=315) if compaired to admissions (n=271, n=234), while invasive care were more frequent in the admissions (n=505, n=618) if compaired to hospital discharge (n=201, n=208). Upong analyzing the presence of the variables partial record, it has occurred in hospital A at the time of admissions and medical discharges, respectively,: blood pressure (73.5%, 73.5%), cardiac frequency (72.1%, 71.6%), breathing frequency(39.1%, 29.3%), body temperature (89.3%, 80.5%), pain (12.6%, 11.2%), food (92.6%, 95.3%), bath (91.6%, 94.4%) and locomotion (94.9%, 95.8%), while in the the hospital B, it has occurred respectively;: blood pressure (80%, 73.5%), cardiac frequency (80.5%, 73%), breathing frequency (21.4%, 12.1%), body temperature (96.7%, 89.8%), pain (1.4%, 0.5%), food (100%, 99.5%), bath (99.1%, 99.1%) and locomotion (99.5%, 99.1%). The association between the variables: lenght of stay and number of cares at the time of hospital admissions and discharges with the other parameters, showed that the longer the length of stay and the greater the number of cares in admissions and discharges, the older are the inpatients and the greater are the number of diagnosis and the clinical and functional impairements.
Figueiró, Miriam de Toledo Leitão. "Audiovisual sobre visita domiciliar na atenção básica, como prática emancipatória: que óculos você usa?" Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7144/tde-10052017-093406/.
Full textIntroduction: The purpose of this study is the educational audiovisual whose theme is the emancipatory Home Visit (HV). The choice of the HV, an instrument of health work, was held to have potential for raising health needs of social groups, so in the context of collective. The chosen social group was the group of families with instability in working and living conditions. The collective production process of audiovisual was based on the emancipatory approach, which presupposes the participation of the subjects involved in the educational process in the search for answers to the problems they have identified. In this paper, the joint construction process was anchored in the concepts of emancipatory education, social determination of the health-disease, health needs of social groups, and health work process. Objective: To build on the educational audiovisual HV and graphic material to serve as a guide for the use of video in educational processes. Method: It is an emancipatory Action Research. Participated on the video five nurses who work in Primary Care (PC) in the area belonging to the Health Technical Supervision Butantã (HTS) and other HTS that make up the Midwest Regional Coordination of Health, including the author of this research.Moreover, a Health Community Agent, a member of the USF Jardim Boa Vista, and EEUSP workers contributed with this study. Inclusion criteria: Nurses should have the work involved with primary care. The recording was made from script developed in earlier research. Results: This study has as products an educational audiovisual about the HV performed in Basic Health Unit (BHU) and a graphic material in the templates of guide for the directed study, available in: http://eaulas.usp.br/portal/video.action?idItem=7035. The audiovisual is an educational tool since the collective construction (preparing the script, recording planning) to the finish (video and guide). The intention of this video is to be used as a tool in the process of he alth education. The graphic guide indicates the importance of the recognition of the problems that affect the community through a survey of the social groups health needs, the territory recognition, and social reproduction profiles. The scenes of the video show and reveal these comments throughout the presentation of the audiovisual, these items link theoretical and practical improvement possibilities on these topics relevant to the educational process. Final Considerations: A joint construction of pedagogical tools, if carried out under emancipatory educational processes, enables products to result in a practice of critical health, reflective and transforming. The audiovisual constitutes an important tool to be used in training and capacity building processes. As regards the improvement of health practices, workers health services must have support to make space for the development of processes aimed at joint construction of health needs the answers of the social groups that make up the territories.
Lins, Maria José Castro d'Almeida. "Necessidades e demandas de informaçöes: uma abordagem a partir da vigilância sanitária." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2001. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/5083.
Full textAnalisa o processo de definiçäo de demandas informacionais na saúde, da perspectiva da ciência da informaçäo, enquanto conhecimento para se lidar com: i)o registro e a recuperaçäo da informaçäo; ii)desenvolver metodologias para a geraçäo, uso e disseminaçäo de informaçöes; e iii)transformar o conhecimento científico em metalinguagens que permitam o acesso às informaçöes e seu uso. Seu objeto foi construído no campo da transferência e recuperaçäo da informaçäo, focalizando a 'informaçäo da informaçäo' e o 'metaconhecimento' como entendidos por Gómez (1996), onde a "informaçäo acerca da informaçäo articula esta ao conhecimento". O estudo foi desenvolvido na Secretaria de Estado de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro (SES/RJ), no espaço de interseçäo entre a Coordenaçäo Geral de Vigilância Sanitária (VISA) e o Centro de Informaçöes em Saúde (CISA). Procurou-se obter uma visäo do cenário informacional da SES/RJ e, mais especificamente, da VISA, averiguando como se processa a definiçäo de demandas informacionais, assim como os aspectos de oferta e utilizaçäo da informaçäo, sistematizaçäo das demandas informacionais, relevância da informaçäo para o gestor, conhecimento da informaçäo disponibilizada em rede interna e externa, habilidade para lidar com as novas tecnologias da informaçäo e, ainda, a indicaçäo de crescimento de demandas de informaçäo para apoiar a decisäo. Os resultados destacam a persistência de uma lógica fragmentadora permeando os sistemas de informaçäo em saúde disponíveis, bem como os esforços para a superaçäo da mesma. Permitem, também, confirmar a existência de baixo uso de informaçöes na VISA como conseqüência dessa fragmentaçäo e também de uma gama complexa de questöes, dentre as quais se pode citar a falta de uma maior pertinência destas informaçöes frente às necessidades dos gestores. Conclui-se pela falta de estruturaçäo das informaçöes na VISA, o que determina o modo anárquico, näo sistemático como se expressam as necessidades informacionais dos gestores. Estas necessidades, formando uma massa nebulosa, difusa, ambígua, exigem entervençäo metodológica para definir os fluxos e o modo de definir as demandas informacionais.
Silva, Jennifer do Vale e. "Necessidades de SaÃde: subsÃdios a crÃtica do pensar/fazer saÃde." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12626.
Full textAs necessidades de saÃde da populaÃÃo nÃo sÃo atendidas de forma satisfatÃria, delineando desafios de diversas ordens Ãs prÃticas de saÃde. A superaÃÃo deste cenÃrio implica conhecer as necessidades dos grupos sociais e criar instrumentos e estratÃgias para atendÃ-las, o que requer esforÃos das ciÃncias e prÃticas em saÃde coletiva. Esta pesquisa analisa necessidades de saÃde em periferias urbanas de uma cidade mÃdia do Nordeste brasileiro. Ancorado no mÃtodo dialÃtico, as necessidades foram analisadas em sua articulaÃÃo com a totalidade, buscando a explicitaÃÃo das mediaÃÃes e contradiÃÃes envolvidas. Realizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas com moradores, observaÃÃes de campo, aplicaÃÃo de questionÃrio, alÃm de pesquisa documental. Evidenciaram-se cinco conjuntos de necessidades: necessidade de produtos e serviÃos biomÃdicos; necessidade de dinheiro para consumir produtos e serviÃos biomÃdicos; necessidade de alimentos saudÃveis; necessidade de hÃbitos saudÃveis; e necessidade de boas relaÃÃes interpessoais com os trabalhadores dos serviÃos de saÃde. Embora agrupadas, elas sÃo singulares aos modos de vida individuais e coletivos, tecidos numa trama que articula atores sociais, polÃticos, culturais, econÃmicos, cientÃficos e midiÃticos; e revelam contradiÃÃes em sua maioria desfavorÃveis à satisfaÃÃo das necessidades de saÃde e um processo de reproduÃÃo social fortemente direcionado para a acumulaÃÃo do capital. As necessidades de saÃde sÃo multidimensionais, assumem conteÃdos e formas diversificadas, conforme as especificidades de vida e saÃde dos sujeitos individuais e coletivos. Carecem, para sua apreensÃo, de mÃtodos inscritos em diferentes tradiÃÃes de pesquisa, sendo apenas parcialmente capturadas pelos indicadores epidemiolÃgicos tradicionalmente utilizados nos sistemas de saÃde.
The health needs of the population are not answered satisfactorily, outlining challenges of various orders to health practices. Overcoming this scenario implies knowing the needs of social groups and creating tools and strategies to meet them, which requires efforts of sciences and practices in public health.This research examines health needs in urban peripheries of a midsize city in Northeast Brazil. Anchored in the dialectical method, needs were analyzed in conjunction with their entirety, seeking clarification of mediations and contradictions involved.Semi-structured interviews were conducted with residents,besides field observations, questionnaires, as well as documentary research. They evidenced five sets of needs: need for biomedical products and services; need for money to consume biomedical products and services; need for healthy food; need for healthy habits; and need for good interpersonal relationships with employees of health services.Although grouped together, those needs are singular to the individual and collective lifestyles, woven into a web that articulates social, political, cultural, economic, scientific and media actors; and reveal contradictions that are mostly unfavorable to meet the health needs and a process of social reproduction that is strongly targeted to the accumulation of capital.Health needs are multidimensional,they assume diverse forms and contents, according to the specificities of life and health of individuals and groups. For their recognition, they require methodsenrolled in different research traditions, being only partially captured by the epidemiological indicators traditionally used in health systems.
Silveira, Andressa da. "CUIDADO DE ENFERMAGEM À CRIANÇA COM NECESSIDADES ESPECIAIS DE SAÚDE: DEMANDAS DE EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE DE FAMILIARES." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7344.
Full textChildren with Special Health Care Needs (CSHCN) represent an emerging customer demands have care at home, indicating the relevance of preparing the family for this care. It is a qualitative research aimed to describe the demands of health education of family members caregivers necessary for the process of home care of the CSHCN; to describe the process of care developed by the family/caregivers to these children; discuss the implications of the clinical fragility and vulnerabilities of CSHCN for professional care the child and his family from the perspective of health education for the maintenance of everyday life. For the production of the data we chose the Creative Sensitive Method (SAM) mediated by the dynamics of creativity and sensitivity (DCS). Consolidated the DCSs combine qualitative research techniques such as press conference, participant observation and group discussion. The DCSs were developed body know sewing stories and dynamics. The first aims to scale the process of home care in space and the second is to indicate individual problems and difficulties that may have roots social collective. The study subjects were ten family members/caregivers of children admitted to the Pediatric Inpatient Unit (IPU), University Hospital of Santa Maria (HUSM) at the time of compiling the data. Data were submitted to Discourse Analysis (DA) in its current French. In conducting the study was followed by Resolution 196/96, which regulates the conduct of research involving humans. The results show two dimensions of the process of care of children: a subjective and objective. At first, the family/caregivers develop a care to preserve the lives of these children, based on (pre)occupation. Through the (super)protection of the child, family members believe they can reduce health risks to the child. In this regard, careful (about) comes from the natural sum of efforts of the family, which perform continuous care of nature, complex to maintain the child's life, giving up their professional activities and personal desires. Spirituality emerged as a support to alleviate the suffering. In the objective dimension, has been the network of children and familial restricted to close relatives such as parents, grandparents, aunts and godmothers, and that the demands of education in health care for part of the experience, knowledge of the experience made , and the network of primary health care is disjointed, unable to meet the demand of its clientele. We conclude that for family members/caregivers of children the subjective dimension of the care process overlaps with the technical knowledge. For them, rather than performing a procedure, the important thing is to learn to live with the new situation and in maintaining the child's life. It is recommended restructuring the system of reference and counter and that nurses recognize the subjective dimension of the process of care of children by family members/caregivers in the context of the home, enabling these children a life with more quality.
As crianças com necessidades especiais de saúde (CRIANES) representam uma clientela emergente que possui demandas de cuidados no domicílio, apontando a relevância de preparar o familiar para esse cuidado. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que objetivou conhecer as demandas de educação em saúde dos familiares/cuidadores necessárias para o processo de cuidado domiciliar às CRIANES; descrever o processo de cuidado desenvolvido pelos familiares/cuidadores a estas crianças; discutir as implicações da fragilidade clínica e das vulnerabilidades das CRIANES para o cuidado profissional a criança e sua família na perspectiva da educação em saúde para manutenção da vida no cotidiano. Para a produção dos dados optou-se pelo Método Criativo Sensível (MCS) mediado pelas Dinâmicas de Criatividade e Sensibilidade (DCS). As DCSs conjugam técnicas consolidadas de pesquisa qualitativa tais como: entrevista coletiva, observação participante e discussão grupal. As DCSs desenvolvidas foram a Corpo Saber e a dinâmica Costurando Estórias. A primeira objetiva dimensionar o processo de cuidar no espaço domiciliar e a segunda visa explicitar problemas e dificuldades individuais que possam ter raízes sociais coletivas. Os sujeitos do estudo foram dez familiares/cuidadores de CRIANES internadas na Unidade de Internação Pediátrica (UIP) do Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria (HUSM) na época da produção dos dados. Os dados foram submetidos à Análise de Discurso (AD) em sua corrente Francesa. Na condução do estudo seguiu-se a Resolução 196/96, que regulamenta a realização de pesquisa envolvendo seres humanos. Os resultados apontaram duas dimensões do processo de cuidado de CRIANES: na primeira, os familiares/cuidadores desenvolvem um cuidado de preservação da vida dessas crianças, pautado na (pré)ocupação. Por meio da (super)proteção da CRIANES, os familiares acreditam que podem reduzir os agravos à saúde da criança. Nessa dimensão, o cuidado (sobre)natural provém do somatório de esforços desses familiares, que realizam cuidados de natureza contínua e complexa para a manutenção da vida da criança, abdicando das atividades profissionais e dos desejos pessoais. A espiritualidade emergiu como um suporte para amenizar o sofrimento. Na segunda dimensão, tem-se que a rede familial da CRIANES é restrita aos familiares mais próximos, como os pais, avós, tias e madrinhas; e que as demandas de educação em saúde para o cuidar partem da experiência, o saber da experiência feita; e a rede de atenção básica à saúde encontra-se desarticulada, não conseguindo atender à demanda desta clientela. Conclui-se que para os familiares/cuidadores de CRIANES a dimensão subjetiva do processo de cuidado sobrepõe-se aos saberes técnicos. Para eles, mais do que realizar um procedimento, o importante está em aprender a conviver com a nova situação e na manutenção da vida da criança. Recomenda-se a reestruturação do sistema de referência e contrarreferência e que os profissionais de enfermagem reconheçam a dimensão subjetiva do processo de cuidado de CRIANES pelos familiares/cuidadores no contexto do domicílio, possibilitando a estas crianças uma vida com mais qualidade.
FRANÇA, Vanessa Vieira. "Demandas de cuidados dos moradores de serviços residênciais terapêuticos." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17910.
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CAPES
Serviços Residenciais Terapêuticos (SRT) são casas inseridas na comunidade e que recebem portadores de transtornos mentais, egressos de internações psiquiátricas de longa permanência, sem suporte social e com laços familiares ausentes ou fragilizados. Hoje os SRT vivenciam diversos desafios como: a rede de saúde deficitária e pouco articulada, o envelhecimento da população, dificuldade da equipe de cuidadores com a convivência e manejo mínimo das comorbidades crônicas e psiquiátricas. O objetivo geral dessa dissertação foi analisar as demandas de cuidado dos moradores dos SRT. Para alcançar este objetivo, foram elaborados um artigo de Revisão Integrativa (RI) e três artigos originais: O artigo de RI teve o objetivo de identificar as estratégias utilizadas no processo de desinstitucionalização de pessoas com transtornos mentais em diversos países do mundo. A busca foi realizada nas bases Scopus, Cinahl e Lilacs. Foram incluídos artigos originais publicados entre 2009 e 2014, em inglês, português ou espanhol. Os artigos originais emergiram de um estudo transversal de amostra censitária realizado com 190 moradores de ambos os sexos de 31 SRT de Recife-PE. Foram excluídos moradores em internamento hospitalar ou fora da cidade; impossibilitados de participar do estudo por questões de saúde física ou mental; e que não possuíam curador legal disponível. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre janeiro e julho/2015 no próprio SRT ou nos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial de referência. Foram analisadas as variáveis de perfil socioeconômico, familiar e psiquiátrico, aplicado o Índice de Katz e a escala de Lawton. Para análise foram utilizados o teste de qui-quadrado e a regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Os resultados da revisão integrativa emergiram da análise de 14 experiências de desinstitucionalização no mundo e evidenciaram as particularidades vivenciadas por diferentes países para realizar a reforma psiquiátrica. Os artigos originais evidenciaram que essa população em sua maioria é composta por homens, solteiros, não escolarizados, com renda entre 1 e 2 salários mínimos e idosos. Para as Atividades Básicas de Vida Diária (ABVD) a maioria dos moradores é independente.A análise multivariada identificou associações entre o estado geral comprometido, mobilidade reduzida e acuidade visual preservada com estados de dependência para as ABVD. Para as Atividades Instrumentais de Vida Diária a maioria foi classificada como dependente este estado esteve mais associada à ausência de renda, tempo do último internamento psiquiátrico superior a 10 anos, estado geral comprometido, acuidade visual preservada e não possuir esquizofrenia 10 paranóide. As demandas de cuidado prioritárias são: inatividade física, edentulismo sem uso de prótese, sobrepeso e obesidade, esquizofrenia residual e o tabagismo. Conclui-se, que o perfil desse morador ainda assemelha-se com o que é encontrado nos hospitais psiquiátricos brasileiros e que suas demandas de cuidado envolvem questões associadas aos longos períodos de internamento psiquiátrico pregresso, afetando negativamente na capacidade funcional deste grupo. É necessária a integração do morador, comunidade, rede de assistência, e em especial da Estratégia Saúde da Família, com o intuito de prevenir agravos e intervir nestas demandas identificadas a fim de prevenir a evolução dos quadros de dependência com o envelhecimento da população.
Residential Therapeutic Services (RTS) are community “assisted living facilities” to assist people with mental disorders or long-term psychiatric hospitalization, and without family or social support. Several challenges face the RTS today including an unorganized and impoverished health network, an aging population, and the coexistence and minimal management of chronic and psychiatric comorbidities. The aim of this thesis was to analyze the care demands of the residents of the RTS. To accomplish this, one Integrative Review article (RI) and three original articles were developed. The RI article aimed to identify selected strategies to deinstitutionalize people with mental disorders in many countries around the world. The search was conducted in Scopus, CINAHL, and Lilacs databases. Original articles that were published between 2009 and 2014 in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, were included. The original articles emerged from a cross-sectional study of the census sample conducted with 190 residents of both sexes of 31 RTS Recife-PE. Residents who were in hospital, out of town, and did not have a legal curator available were excluded. Data was collected between January and July, 2015 in the RTS or reference Psychosocial Care Centers. The Katz Index and the Lawton scale were applied with the variables of socioeconomic, family, and psychiatric profile. For analysis, were used the chi-square test and Poisson regression with robust variance. The results of the integrative review emerged from 14 deinstitutionalization experiences, and they showed characteristics experienced in different countries in performing the psychiatric reform. The original articles showed that this population is mostly made up of men, singles, unschooled individuals, families with 1 or 2 minimum wage incomes, and the elderly. For Daily Living Basic Activities (DLBA) most residents are independent. A Multivariate analysis identified associations between impaired general health status, the reduced mobility, and the visual preserved acuity with dependency for DLBA. For the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, most were classified as dependents. This health condition was more associated with lack of income, being a psychiatric inpatient for more than 10 years on the last hospitalization,having an impaired general condition, visual acuity preserved, and not having paranoid schizophrenia. Priority care demands are: physical inactivity, edentulism without use of prosthesis, overweight and obesity, residual schizophrenia, and smoking. It follows that the profile of this resident still resembles what is found in the Brazilian psychiatric hospitals and their care demands involve issues associated with long periods of progress of the last hospitalization in a psychiatric hospital. which adversely affects the functional ability of this group. It requires the integration of the resident, community, health care system, and especially the Primary Health Care in order to prevent injuries and intervene in the claims identified in order to prevent the development of dependence on frames with the aging population.