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Journal articles on the topic 'Nectarivores birds'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

MELO, C. "Diurnal bird visiting of Caryocar brasiliense Camb. in Central Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Biologia 61, no. 2 (2001): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-71082001000200014.

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Nectar of nocturnal flowers may be used by diurnal species that occasionally accomplish secondary pollination. Thirteen bird species visited Caryocar brasiliense flowers in central Brazil. There is a temporal separation between nectarivores and non-nectarivores species. Nectarivores birds visited flowers late in the morning, while other species appear earlier. C. brasiliense nectar may be an alternative resource to birds visitors during the dry season.

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2

Tsahar, Ella, Zeev Arad, Ido Izhaki, and Carlos Martínez del Rio. "Do Nectar- and Fruit-Eating Birds Have Lower Nitrogen Requirements Than Omnivores? an Allometric Test." Auk 123, no. 4 (2006): 1004–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/123.4.1004.

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Abstract We used an allometric approach to compare the minimum nitrogen requirements (MNR) and the total endogenous nitrogen loss (TENL) of nectar- and fruit-eating birds with those of omnivorous birds. These two parameters were 4× higher in omnivores than in nectarivores and frugivores. In nectarivorous-frugivorous birds, MNR was 152.8 mg N kg−0.76 day−1; in omnivorous birds, it was 575.4 mg N kg−0.76 day−1. Similarly, TENL was 54.1 mg N kg−0.69 day−1 in nectarivores-frugivores, and 215.3 mg N kg−0.69 day−1 in omnivores. The residuals of the allometric relationships between TENL and MNR and b

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Diller, Carolina, Miguel Castañeda-Zárate, and Steven D. Johnson. "Generalist birds outperform specialist sunbirds as pollinators of an African Aloe." Biology Letters 15, no. 7 (2019): 20190349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2019.0349.

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Bird pollination systems are dominated by specialist nectarivores, such as hummingbirds in the Americas and sunbirds in Africa. Opportunistic (generalist) avian nectarivores such as orioles, weavers and bulbuls have also been implicated as plant pollinators, but their effectiveness as agents of pollen transfer is poorly known. Here, we compare the single-visit effectiveness of specialist and opportunistic avian nectarivores as pollinators of Aloe ferox, a plant that relies almost exclusively on birds for seed production. We found that the number of pollen grains on stigmas of flowers receiving

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Tchoumbou, Mélanie A., Elikwo F. N. Malange, Claire T. Tiku, et al. "Response of Understory Bird Feeding Groups to Deforestation Gradient in a Tropical Rainforest of Cameroon." Tropical Conservation Science 13 (January 2020): 194008292090697. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940082920906970.

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Birds are crucial in maintaining the balance of many ecosystems and provide various ecological services. Understanding their sensitivity to human disturbances should be prioritized in understudy areas for effective conservation practices. Using mist nets, this study characterized mostly understory bird communities (insectivorous, frugivorous, granivorous, and nectarivorous birds) in three habitat types (pristine forest, selectively logged forest, and young oil palm plantation) in the Talangaye rainforest, Southwest Cameroon. A total of 845 birds belonging to 27 families and 85 species were rec

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5

Barrantes, Gilbert, and Luis Sandoval. "Effect of El Niño and La Niña on abundance of frugivorous and nectarivorous terrestrial birds in three tropical forests." Revista de Biología Tropical 67, no. 2SUPL (2019): S282—S297. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v67i2supl.37252.

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El Niño and La Niña climatic oscillations have dramatic effects on population dynamics and community structure of different animals. For marine birds, El Niño phenomenon drastically increases their mortality and reduces their reproductive success. In terrestrial ecosystems, the lack of long-term longitudinal data limits our understanding of the impact of El Niño and La Niña on bird populations and communities. We analyzed changes in abundance of frugivorous (large, medium, and small) and nectarivorous birds on three tropical forest types (lowland, premontane and montane) during El Niño, La Niñ

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Richardson, KC, and RD Wooller. "The Structures of the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Honeyeaters and Other Small Birds in Relation to Their Diets." Australian Journal of Zoology 34, no. 2 (1986): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9860119.

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Honeyeaters, with a diet of nectar and small, soft-bodied insects, had smaller, less muscular gizzards and shorter intestines than insect-eating birds of comparable body size from the same area of Western Australia. Stomach width was correlated with body weight in insectivores but not in the more nectarivorous honeyeaters. Intestine length increased with increase in body weight in both insectivores and nectarivores.

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7

Malizia, Lucio R. "Seasonal Fluctuations of Birds, Fruits, and Flowers in a Subtropical Forest of Argentina." Condor 103, no. 1 (2001): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/103.1.45.

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AbstractI quantified monthly variation in species composition and captures of birds in a premontane forest of northwestern Argentina. Seasonal patterns of frugivore-insectivores and nectarivores were compared with fruit and flower abundances, respectively. The composition of the entire bird community fluctuated seasonally; frugivore-insectivores showed a peak in captures during the wet season, insectivores peaked at the end of the dry season, and nectarivores peaked during the dry season. At a local scale (∼50 ha), captures of frugivore-insectivores were not correlated with number of plant spe

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Woinarski, JCZ, and SC Tidemann. "The Bird Fauna of a Deciduous Woodland in the Wet-Dry Tropics of Northern Australia." Wildlife Research 18, no. 4 (1991): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9910479.

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Censuses of birds were made monthly from October 1986 to October 1987 in a deciduous woodland in the Australian Northern Territory. Additional limited counts of granivorous birds were made in March and April 1988. The woodland was selected for the study because it contains a population of the endangered Gouldian finch (Erythrua gouldiae). The species composition of birds was temporally unstable; this was associated with the marked wet-dry seasonality. For some foraging groups (e.g. nectarivores, foliage-gleaners), diversity was correlated with resource availability. Although the species compos

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9

Burd, Martin, C. Tristan Stayton, Mani Shrestha, and Adrian G. Dyer. "Distinctive convergence in Australian floral colours seen through the eyes of Australian birds." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1781 (2014): 20132862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.2862.

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We used a colour-space model of avian vision to assess whether a distinctive bird pollination syndrome exists for floral colour among Australian angiosperms. We also used a novel phylogenetically based method to assess whether such a syndrome represents a significant degree of convergent evolution. About half of the 80 species in our sample that attract nectarivorous birds had floral colours in a small, isolated region of colour space characterized by an emphasis on long-wavelength reflection. The distinctiveness of this ‘red arm’ region was much greater when colours were modelled for violet-s

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10

Johnson, Steven D., Ian Kiepiel, and Alastair W. Robertson. "Functional consequences of flower curvature, orientation and perch position for nectar feeding by sunbirds." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 131, no. 4 (2020): 822–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blaa154.

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Abstract Mutualisms between nectarivorous birds and the plants they pollinate are functionally diverse. Nectarivorous birds which hover while feeding (the majority of hummingbirds) tend to have straight bills, while those that perch while feeding (some hummingbirds and almost all passerine nectarivores) tend to have decurved bills. Sunbirds typically use their curved bills to feed in an arc from a perching position and we thus predicted that they would prefer, and feed most efficiently on, flowers that are curved towards a perching position. To test this, we examined the responses of sunbirds

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Vámos, Tas I. F., Maria C. Tello-Ramos, T. Andrew Hurly, and Susan D. Healy. "Numerical ordinality in a wild nectarivore." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1930 (2020): 20201269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.1269.

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Ordinality is a numerical property that nectarivores may use to remember the specific order in which to visit a sequence of flowers, a foraging strategy also known as traplining. In this experiment, we tested whether wild, free-living rufous hummingbirds ( Selasphorus rufus ) could use ordinality to visit a rewarded flower. Birds were presented with a series of linear arrays of 10 artificial flowers; only one flower in each array was rewarded with sucrose solution. During training, birds learned to locate the correct flower independent of absolute spatial location. The birds' accuracy was inde

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12

Franklin, Donald C., and Richard A. Noske. "Nectar sources used by birds in monsoonal north-western Australia: a regional survey." Australian Journal of Botany 48, no. 4 (2000): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt98089.

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We document the flora that provides nectar for birds in monsoonal north-western Australia, and examine the relationship between floral morphology and bird morphology in the region. Twenty-four regular nectarivores (21 honeyeaters, two lorikeets, one white-eye) and 29 opportunist species have been observed probing the flowers of 116 species of plants from 28 families. Amongst the nectar sources, the Myrtaceae is dominant in both the number of species and frequency of use, followed distantly by the Proteaceae and Loranthaceae. Variation between bird species in patterns of use of different floral

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Ghosh, Srinjana, and Tanmay Bhattacharya. "A short-term survey report on the post-winter avian diversity in Corbett National Park and associated areas, Uttarakhand, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 10, no. 1 (2018): 11185. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.3220.10.1.11185-11191.

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This study documents a short-term post-winter survey of avifaunal diversity in Corbett National Park and associated areas in Uttarakhand. Qualitative and quantitative avian diversity patterns were assessed from a biomonitoring and conservation perspective. A total of 94 species of birds belonging to 40 families under 15 orders were reported. Among these 10 were winter visitors, six summer visitors and one near-threatened species. Habitat distribution and foraging guild patterns are discussed. Insectivores and nectarivores were found to be the prominent foragers. Open woodland, cultivated land

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14

Rico-Guevara, Alejandro. "Relating form to function in the hummingbird feeding apparatus." PeerJ 5 (June 8, 2017): e3449. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3449.

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A complete understanding of the feeding structures is fundamental in order to study how animals survive. Some birds use long and protrusible tongues as the main tool to collect their central caloric source (e.g., woodpeckers and nectarivores). Hummingbirds are the oldest and most diverse clade of nectarivorous vertebrates, being a perfect subject to study tongue specializations. Their tongue functions to intraorally transport arthropods through their long bills and enables them to exploit the nectarivorous niche by collecting small amounts of liquid, therefore it is of vital importance to stud

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15

LIMA, Jônatas, and Edson GUILHERME. "Birds associated with treefall gaps in a lowland forest in southwestern Brazilian Amazonia." Acta Amazonica 51, no. 1 (2021): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202002380.

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ABSTRACT Natural communities are dynamic systems in time and space. The spatial distribution of plants and animals tends to coincide with the availability of resources needed for the survival and reproduction of each species. Natural treefall gaps offer a number of resources that influence the distribution of birds within the forest. We compared the understory bird assemblages of natural treefall gaps (15 sampling points) with those found in the adjacent forest (15 points) in the Humaitá Forest Reserve in southwestern Brazilian Amazonia. We used mist-nets to sample birds and obtained 700 captu

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16

Johnson, Steven D., and Susan W. Nicolson. "Evolutionary associations between nectar properties and specificity in bird pollination systems." Biology Letters 4, no. 1 (2007): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2007.0496.

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A long-standing paradigm in biology has been that hummingbirds and passerine birds select for different nectar properties in the plants they pollinate. Here we show that this dichotomy is false and a more useful distinction is that between specialized and generalized bird pollination systems. Flowers adapted for sunbirds, which are specialized passerine nectarivores, have nectar similar to that of hummingbird flowers in terms of volume (approx. 10–30 μl), concentration (approx. 15–25% w/w) and sucrose content (approx. 40–60% of total sugar). In contrast, flowers adapted to generalized bird pol

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17

Hayes, Floyd E., and Ishmaelangelo Samad. "Diversity, abundance and seasonality of birds in a Caribbean pine plantation and native broad-leaved forest at Trinidad, West Indies." Bird Conservation International 8, no. 1 (1998): 67–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900003646.

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SummaryMonoculture plantations of exotic Caribbean pinePinus caribaeahave been planted extensively in many tropical countries, but little is known about the bird communities inhabiting them. From October 1995 to September 1996, we compared bird populations in a 37-ha stand of mature Caribbean pine forest (planted in 1972) with an adjacent, similar-sized stand of native broad-leaved forest at Mount Saint Benedict, Trinidad, West Indies. Ten censuses, each including 10 fixed-radius point counts (25 m radius, 10 minutes duration), were conducted simultaneously during different months of the year

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18

Arena, Gina, Craig T. Symes, and E. T. F. Witkowski. "The birds and the seeds: opportunistic avian nectarivores enhance reproduction in an endemic montane aloe." Plant Ecology 214, no. 1 (2012): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11258-012-0144-z.

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19

Bain, Glen C., Michael A. MacDonald, Rowena Hamer, Riana Gardiner, Chris N. Johnson, and Menna E. Jones. "Changing bird communities of an agricultural landscape: declines in arboreal foragers, increases in large species." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 3 (2020): 200076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200076.

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Birds are declining in agricultural landscapes around the world. The causes of these declines can be better understood by analysing change in groups of species that share life-history traits. We investigated how land-use change has affected birds of the Tasmanian Midlands, one of Australia's oldest agricultural landscapes and a focus of habitat restoration. We surveyed birds at 72 sites, some of which were previously surveyed in 1996–1998, and tested relationships of current patterns of abundance and community composition to landscape and patch-level environmental characteristics. Fourth-corne

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20

Fleming, Patricia A., and Tracey L. Moore. "Do experimental methods affect estimates of pollen digestion by birds?" Australian Journal of Zoology 59, no. 6 (2011): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo12016.

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Pollen protoplasts may supply important nutritional resources for birds; however, they are locked up within the mechanically strong and biochemically complex pollen wall. Previous studies of pollen digestion in birds have yielded highly variable and often contradictory results. We tested whether these differences could reflect the vastly different methodologies that have been used. We used a standard method to investigate digestion of Banksia grandis (Proteaceae) pollen in New Holland honeyeaters (Phylidonyris novaehollandiae). Four types of B. grandis pollen were examined: fresh, frozen for a

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21

Mahato, Swastik, Sudipta Mandal, and Dipanwita Das. "An appraisal of avian species diversity in and around Purulia Town, West Bengal, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 13, no. 3 (2021): 17906–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.4733.13.3.17906-17917.

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Purulia, the westernmost district of West Bengal, India is least explored with respect to the biological diversity and relatively little information is available to date. The present study was conducted from February 2017 to January 2018 to document avifaunal diversity in Purulia Town and surroundings. Sampling was done through the line transect method with photographic documentation and subsequent identification following suitable keys. Species richness and seasonal abundance were calculated. Altogether, 115 species of birds belonging to 19 orders and 43 families were recorded during the stud

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Felice, Ryan N., Joseph A. Tobias, Alex L. Pigot, and Anjali Goswami. "Dietary niche and the evolution of cranial morphology in birds." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1897 (2019): 20182677. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.2677.

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Cranial morphology in birds is thought to be shaped by adaptive evolution for foraging performance. This understanding of ecomorphological evolution is supported by observations of avian island radiations, such as Darwin's finches, which display rapid evolution of skull shape in response to food resource availability and a strong fit between cranial phenotype and trophic ecology. However, a recent analysis of larger clades has suggested that diet is not necessarily a primary driver of cranial shape and that phylogeny and allometry are more significant factors in skull evolution. We use phenome

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Trainor, Colin R. "Status and habitat associations of birds on Lembata Island, Wallacea, Indonesia, with reference to a simple technique for avifaunal survey on small islands." Bird Conservation International 12, no. 4 (2002): 365–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095927090200223x.

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The islands of Wallacea were surveyed most intensely by field ornithologists in the nineteenth century, and again in the 1990s. However, the status and habitat use of bird species on many islands remains unknown. This study examined birds in several natural and disturbed habitats on Lembata (also known as Lomblen) Island, Indonesia. A total of 78 bird species were recorded including six endemic to the Lesser Sundas, an additional three Wallacean endemics and a total of 27 resident forest species. Including published records, 91 bird species have been recorded for Lembata. Extrapolation from th

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Plumptre, Andrew J. "Shifting cultivation along the Trans-African Highway and its impact on the understorey bird community in the Ituri Forest, Zaire." Bird Conservation International 7, no. 4 (1997): 317–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900001659.

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summarySince the 1940s, horticulturalists (the Lese) have been settled along the sides of the roads that traverse a large part of the forest in eastern Zaire. These people have maintained their lifestyle of shifting cultivation and trade with the Mbuti pygmies. This has resulted in corridors of heavily disturbed and regenerating forest. The results of a study of the understorey bird community at three sites in the Okapi Reserve in the Ituri forest in Zaire are reported here. Two primary forest sites (one monodominant Gilbertiodendron forest) in the Reserve were compared with an area of forest

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25

Yashmita-Ulman and Manoj Singh. "Bird composition, diversity and foraging guilds in agricultural landscapes: a case study from eastern Uttar Pradesh, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 13, no. 8 (2021): 19011–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.7089.13.8.19011-19028.

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Birds have a significant role in maintaining the ecological balance of agro-ecosystems. But yet there is no documentation related to bird diversity in the agricultural landscapes of eastern Uttar Pradesh. This study was conducted from March 2019 to February 2020 using fixed radius point count method in Ayodhya district of eastern Uttar Pradesh. A total of 139 bird species belonging to 107 genera, 49 families and 15 orders were recorded from the study area. Passeriformes was the most dominant order with 28 families and 76 species. Accipitridae and Muscicapidae were the most diverse families wit

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Vecchi, MB, and MAS Alves. "Bird assemblage mist-netted in an Atlantic Forest area: a comparison between vertically-mobile and ground-level nets." Brazilian Journal of Biology 75, no. 3 (2015): 742–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.00914.

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AbstractMist nets may be opened at different heights in the forest, but they are seldom used over 3 m above the ground. We used two different methods to compare species richness, composition, and relative abundance and trophic structure of the bird assemblage at Ilha Grande (with a 290 birds standardization): conventional ground-level nets (0-2.4 m height range) and elevated nets (0-17 m) with an adjustable-height system (modified from Humphrey et al., 1968) that we call vertically-mobile nets. There were significant differences in capture frequencies between methods for about 20% of the speci

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Wooller, S. J., and R. D. Wooller. "Mixed mating in Banksia media." Australian Journal of Botany 50, no. 5 (2002): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt01075.

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Differential exclusion of vertebrates and invertebrates from the inflorescences of Banksia media R.Br. on the south coast of Western Australia showed the species to be partially self-compatible. Access by invertebrates increased fruit set and additional access by vertebrates resulted in even greater fruit set. Honeyeater birds and marsupial nectarivores were abundant and widespread in the study area and most carried the pollen of Banksia media while it flowered. However, although B. media had the floral characteristics attributed to vertebrate pollination, self-pollination and pollination by i

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Gove, Aaron D., Kristoffer Hylander, Sileshi Nemomissa, Anteneh Shimelis, and Woldeyohannes Enkossa. "Structurally complex farms support high avian functional diversity in tropical montane Ethiopia." Journal of Tropical Ecology 29, no. 2 (2013): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467413000023.

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Abstract:Of all feeding guilds, understorey insectivores are thought to be most sensitive to disturbance and forest conversion. We compared the composition of bird feeding guilds in tropical forest fragments with adjacent agro-ecosystems in a montane region of south-west Ethiopia. We used a series of point counts to survey birds in 19 agriculture and 19 forest sites and recorded tree species within each farm across an area of 40 × 35 km. Insectivores (~17 spp. per plot), frugivores (~3 spp. per plot) and omnivores (~5 spp. per plot) maintained species density across habitats, while granivores

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Lasky, Jesse R., and Timothy H. Keitt. "Abundance of Panamanian dry-forest birds along gradients of forest cover at multiple scales." Journal of Tropical Ecology 26, no. 1 (2009): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467409990368.

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Abstract:Community structure and species’ abundances may be strongly correlated to patterns of forest cover, although such patterns are poorly known for tropical dry-forest birds, especially for those in Panamanian dry forests. Birds were distance-sampled during point counts in five dry-forest fragments in Panama. Distance from point count to forest edge and forest coverage at three spatial scales (500, 1000 and 2000-m radius) were compared as covariate predictors of the abundance of avian species and guilds. Each covariate was selected in at least two models of species or guild abundance. Abu

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Vitali, S. D., P. C. Withers, and K. C. Richardson. "Standard metabolic rates of three nectarivorous meliphagid passerine birds." Australian Journal of Zoology 47, no. 4 (1999): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo99023.

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Standard metabolic rate (VO2 STD) was determined for three species of passerine bird from the family Meliphagidae to investigate the possible effect of nectarivory on standard metabolic rate in this family. The three species that we investigated did not show a significant departure from allometric predictions of standard metabolic rate for passerine species. Disparities between standard metabolic rate for meliphagids in the present study and previous data appear to reflect methodological differences, and no general allometric relationship is apparent for meliphagids at present. In meliphagids,

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Rosselli, Loreta. "The annual cycle of the White-ruffed ManakinCorapipo leucorrhoa, a tropical frugivorous altitudinal migrant, and its food plants." Bird Conservation International 4, no. 2-3 (1994): 143–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900002732.

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SummaryFrugivorous White-ruffed ManakinsCorapipo leucorrhoa(Pipridae) showed pro nounced seasonal emigration from a pre-montane wet forest site (550 m) on the Atlantic slope of Costa Rica. “Resident” breeders left the area between August and October, and returned between February and April, at the onset of the breeding season. Female patterns differed from those of males primarily in later departure (October) and later return (April). I documented 57 fruit species in the diet at this locality and monitored phenology for 43 of those species, many of which were understorey members of the Melasto

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Simon, John C., Thane K. Pratt, Kim E. Berlin, James R. Kowalsky, Steven G. Fancy, and Jeff S. Hatfield. "Temporal Variation in Bird Counts Within a Hawaiian Rainforest." Condor 104, no. 3 (2002): 469–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/104.3.469.

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Abstract We studied monthly and annual variation in density estimates of nine forest bird species along an elevational gradient in an east Maui rainforest. We conducted monthly variable circular-plot counts for 36 consecutive months along transects running downhill from timberline. Density estimates were compared by month, year, and station for all resident bird species with sizeable populations, including four native nectarivores, two native insectivores, a non-native insectivore, and two non-native generalists. We compared densities among three elevational strata and between breeding and non

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Hill, Jane K., Michael A. Gray, Chey Vun Khen, Suzan Benedick, Noel Tawatao, and Keith C. Hamer. "Ecological impacts of tropical forest fragmentation: how consistent are patterns in species richness and nestedness?" Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, no. 1582 (2011): 3265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0050.

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Large areas of tropical forest now exist as remnants scattered across agricultural landscapes, and so understanding the impacts of forest fragmentation is important for biodiversity conservation. We examined species richness and nestedness among tropical forest remnants in birds (meta-analysis of published studies) and insects (field data for fruit-feeding Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) and ants). Species–area relationships were evident in all four taxa, and avian and insect assemblages in remnants typically were nested subsets of those in larger areas. Avian carnivores and nectarivores a

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Kartikasari, Diyah, Satyawan Pudyatmoko, Novianto Bambang Wawandono, and Pri Utami. "KOMPOSISI GUILD KOMUNITAS BURUNG DI AREA PANAS BUMI CAGAR ALAM DAN TAMAN WISATA ALAMKAMOJANG JAWA BARAT INDONESIA." Jurnal Hutan Tropis 6, no. 2 (2018): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jht.v6i2.5400.

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This study aims to investigate the response of Bird Communities Guild Composition in Geothermal Area Kamojang Nature Reserve and Kamojang Nature Park West Java Indonesia. We compared the number of species, the number of individuals and the composition of bird guilds of directly affected (DL) and not affected (TL) in Kamojang geothermal working area, Kamojang nature reserve and Kamojang nature park in Bandung regency of West Java Province. The directly affected sites were surrounding production wells or geothermal power plants (30 samples) whereas indirectly affected sites were with distance of

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McWhorter, T. J., and C. Martinez del Rio. "Food ingestion and water turnover in hummingbirds: how much dietary water is absorbed?" Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no. 20 (1999): 2851–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.20.2851.

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Hummingbirds are specialized nectarivores that feed on dilute solutions of sugars with trace amounts of amino acids and electrolytes. Their diets contain excess water that, if absorbed, must be eliminated. It has been hypothesized that in hummingbirds only a small fraction of this dietary water may be absorbed in the intestine. Here, we report the results of experiments designed to examine the relationship between nectar intake and water turnover in hummingbirds. Our results also allow the estimation of water absorption across the intestine and therefore test the hypothesis that ingested water

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Pauw, Anton. "A Bird's-Eye View of Pollination: Biotic Interactions as Drivers of Adaptation and Community Change." Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 50, no. 1 (2019): 477–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110218-024845.

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Nectarivorous birds and bird-pollinated plants are linked by a network of interactions. Here I ask how these interactions influence evolution and community composition. I find near complete evidence for the effect of birds on plant evolution. Experiments show the process in action—birds select among floral phenotypes in a population—and comparative studies find the resulting pattern—bird-pollinated species have long-tubed, red flowers with large nectar volumes. Speciation is accomplished in one “magical” step when adaptation for bird pollination brings about divergent morphology and reproducti

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Mayr, Gerald, and Volker Wilde. "Eocene fossil is earliest evidence of flower-visiting by birds." Biology Letters 10, no. 5 (2014): 20140223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2014.0223.

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Birds are important pollinators, but the evolutionary history of ornithophily (bird pollination) is poorly known. Here, we report a skeleton of the avian taxon Pumiliornis from the middle Eocene of Messel in Germany with preserved stomach contents containing numerous pollen grains of an eudicotyledonous angiosperm. The skeletal morphology of Pumiliornis is in agreement with this bird having been a, presumably nectarivorous, flower-visitor. It represents the earliest and first direct fossil evidence of flower-visiting by birds and indicates a minimum age of 47 million years for the origin of bi

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Previatto, DM, RS Mizobe, and SR Posso. "Birds as potential pollinators of the Spathodea nilotica (Bignoniaceae) in the urban environment." Brazilian Journal of Biology 73, no. 4 (2013): 737–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842013000400008.

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Birds play crucial role on the pollination of many plants. However, little is known about the interactions between nectarivorous neotropical birds and exotic Angiosperms. S. nilotica is an exotic African plant widely used in Brazilian urban landscaping. However, it has been poorly studied in relation to its interactions with Neotropical birds. In this way, we studied the feeding nectar strategies and the interspecific antagonistic behaviours among nectarivorous Neotropical birds to verify the bird contributions to the S. nilotica pollination. The study was conducted from May 2008 to April 2011

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Rofiq, Abdurrahman, Sugeng Prayitno Harianto, Dian Iswandaru, and Gunardi Djoko Winarno. "GUILD PAKAN KOMUNITAS BURUNG DI KEBUN RAYA LIWA KABUPATEN LAMPUNG BARAT." Jurnal Belantara 4, no. 2 (2021): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbl.v4i2.753.

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The vegetation on Liwa Botanical Gardens is used by several types of birds as a place of rest, sleep, nest and forage. This study was purposely done to classify bird species based on feed group / guild type. The method used in this research is point count. The bird species data obtained were grouped based on the feed guild which was divided into 6 types of guilds including, insectivoree, carnivoree, frugivore, granivoreee, nectarivoreous, and omnivoree. Each species only have one guild type, as many as 41 species of birds were found in Liwa Botanical Gardens, which was dominated by frugivores.

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Evans, KM, and A. Bunce. "A comparison of the foraging behaviour of the eastern pygmy-possum (Cercartetus nanus) and nectarivorous birds in a Banksia integrifolia woodland." Australian Mammalogy 22, no. 1 (2000): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am00081.

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The foraging behaviour of a non-flying mammal, the eastern pygmy-possum (Cercartetus nanus) and nectarivorous birds was compared in a Banksia integrifolia woodland at Wilson's Promontory National Park, Victoria, Australia. Exclusion experiments performed previously in this woodland indicate that both non-flying mammals and nectarivorous birds are important pollinators of B. integrifolia (Cunningham 1991: Oecologia 87: 86-90). In this study it is shown that C. nanus and nectarivorous birds employ different foraging tactics. Nectarivorous birds tended to move further between trees (Χ = 8.16 ± 1.

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Smith, Peter, and Judy Smith. "Influence of fire regime and other habitat factors on a eucalypt forest bird community in south-eastern Australia in the 1980s." Australian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 5 (2016): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo16053.

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We investigated bird habitat relationships in extensive eucalypt forest in the Blue Mountains, New South Wales, in 1986–87, assessing the importance of fire regime variables compared with other habitat variables. Our study sites encompassed a wide range of postfire ages, fire frequencies and fire severity, but we found no major bird community differences corresponding to differences in fire regime. The more common forest bird species appeared well adapted to fire regime variation in the 1980s. Tree canopy height was a far greater influence, with more species and more birds in taller forests (i

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Moore, T. L., L. E. Valentine, M. D. Craig, G. E. StJ Hardy, and P. A. Fleming. "Do woodland birds prefer to forage in healthy Eucalyptus wandoo trees?" Australian Journal of Zoology 61, no. 3 (2013): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo13045.

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Globally, many forests and woodlands are in decline. The marked loss of canopy foliage typical of these declines results in reduced foraging resources (e.g. nectar, pollen, and insects) and, subsequently, can reduce habitat quality for woodland birds. In south-west Western Australia, patches of Eucalyptus wandoo woodlands have shown a decline in condition since at least 2002. We investigated how changes in E. wandoo condition affect the woodland bird community. Foraging activities of three bird species were recorded for 20 sites in Dryandra State Forest and Wandoo Conservation Park either by c

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J. Grey, Merilyn, Michael F. Clarke, and Richard H. Loyn. "Influence of the Noisy Miner Manorina melanocephala on avian diversity and abundance in remnant Grey Box woodland." Pacific Conservation Biology 4, no. 1 (1998): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc980055.

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The abundance of an aggressive Australian honeyeater, the Noisy Miner Manorina melanocephala, was reduced at four small (<8 ha) Grey Box Eucalyptus microcarpa woodland remnants by experimental removal. The diversity and abundance of small insectivorous and nectarivorous birds increased at three of the four sites (relative to matching control sites) over the twelve months following the removal of the Noisy Miners. The one exception occurred at a pair of sites where eucalypts began flowering at one site and finished at the other during the Noisy Miner removal period. These results, taken toge

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Mulwa, Moses, Mike Teucher, Werner Ulrich, and Jan Christian Habel. "Bird communities in a degraded forest biodiversity hotspot of East Africa." Biodiversity and Conservation 30, no. 8-9 (2021): 2305–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-021-02190-y.

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AbstractTropical forests suffer severe habitat destruction. Thus, tropical forests frequently consist today of only a few small remnants that are often embedded within a matrix of agricultural fields and tree plantations. Forest specialist species have experienced severe population declines under these circumstances. We studied bird communities based on census plots set up in a near-natural forest block, as well as degraded forest patches, tree plantations, and agricultural fields, across the Taita Hills in southern Kenya. We classified each bird species according its ecology and behavior. We

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Prijono, Siti Nuramaliati, and Rini Rachmatika. "Potency of Brown Sugar as a Nectar Substitute for Trichoglossus haematodus in Captivity." Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education 11, no. 2 (2019): 186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i2.18730.

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Trichoglossus haematodus (Linnaeus, 1771) is nectarivorous bird that feed on nectar as a source of carbohydrate. In captivity, it is not practical to provide a continued diet of nectar from the flowers. Therefore, this study aimed to find other carbohydrate sources such as brown sugar as substitute nectar for T. haematodus. Twelve wild T. haematodus in four cages offered five types different brown sugar solution with different concentrations. Since brown sugar has low protein content, therefore the birds also offered commercial baby biscuit to meet the protein requirement. The results showed t

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Singh, Jagjeet, Santosh Hooda, Annu Phogat, and Vinay Malik. "Avian Diversity and Habitat Use of Sultanpur National Park,Haryana, India." Asian Journal of Conservation Biology 10, no. 1 (2021): 124–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.53562/ajcb.rkpr3560.

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The species diversity, guild and current status of the avifauna in the Sultanpur National Park, Haryana was investigated during January 2018 to June 2019. The line transects method with constant length and variable width was used in the study. The presence of 111 species of birds belonging to 90 genera, 42 families and 17 orders were observed. Non-passerine bird species dominated over the passerine bird species in relative diversity. Data of residential status revealed that 82 species were resident and rest 29 were either winter or summer migrants. Sultanpur National Park supported 41 (36.9%)

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_, Suripto, B. A, H. S. Surakhman, Setiawan _, and J. Al Muthiya. "THE BIRD SPECIES IN YOGYAKARTA CITY: DIVERSITY, GUILD TYPE COMPOSITION AND NEST." KnE Life Sciences 2, no. 1 (2015): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v2i1.141.

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<p>Ornitholog past studies focused on the natural environment, now they have a lot of studying birds in urban areas. In Java inhabited by 368 species of birds recorded settler and nomad 126 species of birds , but it is not known how many types of them which now lives in urban areas. Bird diversity in the city of Yogyakarta, which was founded in 1755 and now has a population of 388 627 inhabitants, is unknown. The research objective was to determine the diversity, the proportion of community based on the type of bird feed (guild) and bird species nest in the city of Yogyakarta. The study

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Borges, Sérgio Henrique. "Bird assemblages in secondary forests developing after slash-and-burn agriculture in the Brazilian Amazon." Journal of Tropical Ecology 23, no. 4 (2007): 469–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467407004105.

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Although indigenous farmers and other traditional peoples have disturbed Amazonian forests for centuries, few studies investigate the effects of these disturbances on biodiversity. This short-term study investigates how bird assemblages are affected by agricultural practices adopted by the residents of a national park in the Brazilian Amazon. Twelve sites in secondary forest (four sites in three age categories) and 12 sites in primary forest were selected for bird sampling. Audio-visual censuses of birds were conducted in small plots (1 ha) of young secondary growth (4–5 y), middle-aged (7–15

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Vinayak, Dhananjay Chavan, and Subhash Vitthal Mali. "A checklist of bird communities In Tamhini Wildlife Sanctuary, the northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 10, no. 3 (2018): 11399. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.3377.10.3.11399-11409.

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Bird communities in Tamhini Wildlife Sanctuary in the northern Western Ghats were studied using line transect and point count methods from the year 2011 to 2013. The updated checklist of birds at the Sanctuary is now represented by 164 bird species. The present study reported 35 new records to the area, while 15 earlier reported bird species were not observed. Overall, 55 insectivorous, 19 omnivorous, 14 granivorous, nine piscivorous, eight frugivorous, eight carnivorous and six nectarivorous species were observed. Out of these, 98 were residents, 17 winter visitors, three vagrant visitors and

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Carstensen, Daniel W., and Jens M. Olesen. "Wallacea and its nectarivorous birds: nestedness and modules." Journal of Biogeography 36, no. 8 (2009): 1540–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2009.02098.x.

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