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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Negative consensus

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Academic literature on the topic 'Negative consensus'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Negative consensus"

1

Kane, J. "Commentary: Consensus Statement on Negative Symptoms." Schizophrenia Bulletin 32, no. 2 (October 12, 2005): 223–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbj010.

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Conway, Michael, Roberto Difazio, and François Bonneville. "Consensus and Causal Attributions for Negative Affect." Journal of Social Psychology 130, no. 3 (June 1990): 375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1990.9924593.

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Kirschbaum, Charles. "Painful Consensus: negative ties and dyadic agreement." Academy of Management Proceedings 2012, no. 1 (July 2012): 13016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2012.13016abstract.

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Kirkpatrick, B., W. S. Fenton, W. T. Carpenter, and S. R. Marder. "The NIMH-MATRICS Consensus Statement on Negative Symptoms." Schizophrenia Bulletin 32, no. 2 (February 15, 2006): 214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbj053.

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Zhang, Yao-feng, Hong-ye Duan, and Zhi-lin Geng. "Evolutionary Mechanism of Frangibility in Social Consensus System Based on Negative Emotions Spread." Complexity 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4037049.

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To study the social consensus system under the spread of negative emotions, the nonlinear emergence model of frangibility of social consensus system is established based on Multiagent method, and effects of emotions spread frequency, opinion leaders, and shielding behavior of government on the frangibility of social consensus system are revealed. The simulation results show that the low-frequency negative emotions spread is better than the high-frequency one for reducing the frangibility of social consensus system. Low-frequency negative emotions spread will lead to the group polarization, while high frequency will lead to the collapse of system. The joining of opinion leaders who are with negative emotions can promote the frangibility of social consensus system, and collapse speed of social consensus system tends to increase with the influence of opinion leaders. Shielding behavior of government cannot effectively block the spread of negative emotions. On the contrary, it will enhance the frangibility of social consensus system.

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Wang, Jianan, Alexander Lanzon, and Ian R. Petersen. "Robust Output Feedback Consensus for Networked Negative-Imaginary Systems." IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 60, no. 9 (September 2015): 2547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tac.2015.2395472.

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Wang, Xiao Ling, Housheng Su, Michael Z. Q. Chen, Xiao Fan Wang, and Guanrong Chen. "Reaching Non-Negative Edge Consensus of Networked Dynamical Systems." IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics 48, no. 9 (September 2018): 2712–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2017.2748990.

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Willy, Christian, Animesh Agarwal, Charles A. Andersen, Giorgio De Santis, Allen Gabriel, Onnen Grauhan, Omar M. Guerra, et al. "Closed incision negative pressure therapy: international multidisciplinary consensus recommendations." International Wound Journal 14, no. 2 (May 12, 2016): 385–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iwj.12612.

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KUCHKOVSKY, V. "BLOCKCHAIN SYSTEM CONSENSUS ALGORITHMS." HERALD OF KHMELNYTSKYI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 297, no. 3 (July 2, 2021): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2021-297-3-30-33.

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This article describes the main consensus algorithms, their positive and negative aspects. Consensus in the general sense means a way to come to an agreement. In the blockchain, which is a decentralized system that does not have a single governing body, various algorithms have been developed to achieve consensus. In a blockchain network, it does not matter whether the system participants trust each other or not. They must agree on certain principles of work that will apply to everyone. And this is a direct function of the consensus mechanism. Algorithms are described and an example of solving this problem is given, namely the problem of choosing a consensus for future systems. An example of using multiple consensuses in blockchain networks is given. Such consensuses as Proof of Work (PoW), proof of Capacity (PoC), proof of Authority (PoA), proof of activity (PoAA), proof of Importance (PoI), proof of Burn (PoB), proof of Stake (PoS) are described, as well as its subspecies: Leased Proof-of-Stake (LPoS), Delegated Proof-of-Stake (DPoS). Many different nuances about the mixed type of consensus are described and examples of such cryptocurrencies and systems are given. The subtleties of mining for each consensus are described. Examples of hash functions, masternodes, nodes, algorithms, as well as key features of certain cryptocurrencies with mixed consensus are given. It is concluded that the choice of consensus for building systems based on blockchain.

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Payton, Jonathan D. "The logical form of negative action sentences." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 46, no. 6 (December 2016): 855–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.2016.1193406.

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AbstractIt is typically assumed that actions are events, but there is a growing consensus that negative actions, like omissions and refrainments, are not events, but absences thereof. If so, then we must either deny the obvious, that we can exercise our agency by omitting and refrainment, or give up on event-based theories of agency. I trace the consensus to the assumption that negative action sentences are negative-existentials, and argue that this is false. The best analysis of negative action sentences treats them as quantifying over omissions and refrainments, conceived of as events.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Negative consensus"

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Gu, Yuhua. "Ant clustering with consensus." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002959.

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Wolprecht, Karola. "Machtbegrenzungsmechanismen in Internationalen Organisationen." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Juristische Fakultät, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16120.

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Der Einfluss Internationaler Organisationen reicht angesichts der Herausforderung, für globale Probleme Lösungen zu finden, mittlerweile so weit, dass sich die Frage nach den in ihnen vorhandenen Machtbegrenzungsmechanismen stellt. Doch wie kann die Macht Internationaler Organisationen kontrolliert werden, wenn das aus dem nationalen Verfassungsrecht bekannte Gewaltenteilungsprinzip nicht auf die internationale Ebene übertragen werden kann? Die Arbeit analysiert die dazu innerhalb der Vereinten Nationen (UNO) und der Welthandelsorganisation (WTO) existierenden formalisierten Mechanismen anhand ihrer Gründungsverträge. Dabei werden drei Kategorien von Machtbegrenzungsmechanismen identifiziert: Kompetenzzuweisungen und -abgrenzungen, organinterne Mechanismen und schließlich Interaktion zwischen den Organen. Die in der Praxis bedeutsamsten Mechanismen stellen zum einen das Vetorecht im UN-Sicherheitsrat sowie der negative Konsens im Streitbeilegungsgremium der WTO dar, die zur Gruppe der organinternen Mechanismen gehören. Zum anderen besteht in der Kontrolle der Streitbeilegungs-Panel der WTO durch den Appellate Body eine wichtige Machtbegrenzung durch Interaktion. Die Untersuchung dokumentiert das paradoxe Phänomen, dass die Mechanismen zur Begrenzung der Macht in vielen Fällen auch eine machtsteigernde Wirkung haben, indem sie die Effizienz, Akzeptanz und Legitimation der Organisation erhöhen. Die Verfasserin erklärt dies damit, dass das Augenmerk der Gründungsstaaten in der Entstehungsphase auf dem Funktionieren der Organisation als Gegengewicht zu ihren jeweiligen Mitgliedsstaaten lag. Dass Internationale Organisationen in der Zwischenzeit so stark an Einfluss gewonnen haben, dass ihre Macht nunmehr begrenzt werden sollte, ist eine neue Entwicklung, die jedoch in Zukunft deutlich an Bedeutung gewinnen wird.
In light of the challenge to find answers to global problems, the influence of international organizations nowadays goes so far that the question of existing checks and balances within these organizations arises. But how can power be controlled when the principle of separation of powers originating from national constitutional law cannot be transferred to the international stage? The purpose of this thesis is to analyze existing formalized internal mechanisms within the United Nations and the World Trade Organization on the basis of their founding treaties. The author identifies three categories of checks and balances: allowing and limiting competencies, mechanisms within the organs and finally interactions between the organs. In practice, the most important mechanisms of these organizations are on the one hand the power of veto within the UN Security Council and the negative consensus within the WTO dispute settlement body, which belong to the category of mechanisms within the organs. In addition, the control of the WTO dispute settlement panels by the Appellate Body is an important form of checks and balances through interaction. The analysis shows the paradoxical phenomenon, that checks and balances in many cases have the effect of increasing power by augmenting the efficiency, acceptance and legitimacy of the organization. The author explains this by reference to the intentions of the founding states during the developing phase to strengthen these organizations as a counterbalance to their respective member states. It is a new development that international organizations have now increased their influence so much that their power should be limited, but this will become significantly more important in the future.

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Gênova, Jairo José. "Infrações penais de menor potencial ofensivo à luz dos princípios constitucionais." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2007. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/7803.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:26:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jairo Jose Genova.pdf: 531982 bytes, checksum: 321d2958a5855bafa6268c8c393ea5d8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-11-06
We developed an ultima ratio Criminal Law, with sanctions more suitable to human dignity. In the procedural field, the hierarchical relationship of the State to those whom commit a transgression begins to give a consensus to the scope of the law, especially between the offender and the victim of a crime of minor seriousness: this consent will determine that Criminal Law then performs the special role of social pacifier. This tendency follows from the constitutional principles of the Criminal Law, especially ancillary, offense, proportionality, insignificance which aims to give protection to the larger judicial system and the use of alternative punishment instead of deprivation freedom. We have now have a legal concept but to reduce anything potentially prejudicial, it is needed to establish some flexibility of this concept: letting those who apply the Law the incumbency of rating, in each factual case, the greater or lesser seriousness of the offense of the case. We propose the choice of positive requisites (availability of the legal assets, favored features of inheritance/ancestral law, punishment in perspective and reparation to the injured party). Also to consider some crimes of lesser seriousness with a maximum punishment over two years, assets of negative requisite (Human Rights) in order to exclude from this list crimes with a maximum penalty less than two years
Evoluímos para o Direito Penal de ultima ratio, com sanções mais adequadas à dignidade humana. No campo processual, a relação hierarquizada do Estado para com o autor da infração está cedendo lugar para o consenso no âmbito penal, em especial entre autor e vítima dos crimes de menor gravidade, consenso esse determinante para que o Direito Penal cumpra seu papel de pacificação social. Essa tendência decorre da fundamentação do Direito Penal nos princípios constitucionais, em especial os da subsidiariedade, da ofensividade, da proporcionalidade e da insignificância e visa, precipuamente, à proteção dos bens jurídicos mais relevantes e à aplicação de penas alternativas à privação da liberdade. Temos um conceito legal e rígido de menor potencialidade lesiva, mas é preciso criar mecanismos para flexibilizar o conceito, deixando aos aplicadores do Direito a incumbência de aferir, em cada caso concreto, a maior ou menor gravidade do fato. Propomos a adoção de requisitos positivos (disponibilidade do bem jurídico, formas privilegiadas dos crimes patrimoniais, pena em perspectiva e a reparação do dano) para considerar de menor potencialidade lesiva alguns crimes com pena máxima superior a dois anos, bem de requisito negativo (a dignidade humana) para excluir desse rol crimes com pena máxima inferior a dois anos

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Books on the topic "Negative consensus"

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Guisinger, Alexandra. Politicians, the Media, and Negative Perceptions of Trade’s National Effect. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190651824.003.0007.

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Chapter 7 explores how the framing of trade in public discourse – mass media and political campaigns –supports the disconnect between mass and elite opinion: while academic elites have stressed the benefits of free trade and political elites have supported trade liberalization, the mass public continues to express a negative assessment of trade’s economic impact on the U.S. This chapter describes past and current public beliefs about trade’s effect at the national level and characterizes two common sources of Americans’ economic knowledge – the national media and federal-level political campaigns. Analysis of decades of trade–related evening news coverage, illustrates both the correlation between bad trade indicators and trade coverage and the frequency and tone of evening news coverage. Additionally, the chapter offers qualitative analysis of the content of trade-related political campaign ads as well as two maps showing the concentration of trade-related ads in the 2000 and 2008 elections. This analysis of the content of TV news coverage of stories about international trade and political campaign ads that mention trade makes it clear that the messages communicated to the mass public differ from the academic/elite consensus.

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Grare, Frédéric. India’s Look East Policy and Asian Institutional Architecture. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190859336.003.0009.

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India’s attempt to join the process of regional integration was marked by ambivalence. India did bypass its own region to seek integration in the adjacent one, ignoring SAARC to seek membership in some of the ASEAN led institutions. Operating by consensus through non-binding agreements, ASEAN-centered regionalism suited India’s needs for recognition and protected it against the negative repercussions of regional tensions while preventing the rise of potential regional hegemonys. Through its participation in a regional security architecture led by ASEAN rules, India established a normative buffer while being able to influence decisions. However, ASEAN’s centrality (i.e.; consensus based and a unanimous position reflecting common strategic vision) is gradually being eroded by US-China proxy struggle for influence, eroding the foundation of India’s relations with ASEAN, as it may draw New Delhi into the zero-sum game situation it has so far tried to avoid.

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Baerg, Nicole. Crafting Consensus. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190499488.001.0001.

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In the early 2000s, the US monetary policy committee, as well as other central banks around the world, began using “forward guidance,” or changes in their statement language, to signal policy changes. Underlying this shift toward clearer communication was the idea that more comprehensible monetary policy would lead to better economic performance and lower inflation. The first three chapters of this book argue that, rather than being a lofty goal set by altruistically motivated policy makers, transparency depends on the configuration of committee members’ preferences. Monetary policy committees that have central bankers with opposing preferences are argued to communicate more precisely compared to either a single decision maker or central bankers with more similar preferences. Precise communication is then shown to have positive effects by lowering inflation. Shifting focus and using data from the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), chapter 4 presents evidence that committees with opposing preferences use a lower share of uncertainty words in policy statements and make more numerous changes to public announcements. Chapter 5 shows that households in Germany change their inflation expectations when given more precise central bank information. And chapter 6 shows that the level of precision in inflation-related news articles is negatively related to inflation in a sample of countries from Latin America. In conclusion, this book offers a new way of thinking about central bank committees and transparency. It finds that appointing a more policy-diverse central bank committee can encourage intercommittee governance and accountability as well as better economic performance.

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Dietsche, Evelyn. Political Economy and Governance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817369.003.0006.

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This chapter reviews the political economy of extractive resources and the resources governance agenda. The consensus that good sector governance improves the developmental impacts of extractive resources exploitation is premised on the understanding that institutions matter for development. However, there is no straightforward answer to the question of what exactly ‘institutions’ are, how they change, or how they can be made to change to become more supportive of an extractives-led development agenda. The chapter suggests turning from the negative question ‘how can poor outcomes be prevented?’ towards the positive question ‘how can positive institutional change be brought about?’ It presents the main strands of a substantial body of literature that can help to inform answers to this question.

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de Melo-Martín, Inmaculada, and Kristen Intemann. Dealing with Normatively Inappropriate Dissent. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190869229.003.0006.

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This chapter considers whether the reliable identification of normatively inappropriate dissent (NID) would be helpful in addressing many of the adverse epistemic and social impacts that can result from it. It considers a variety of ways in which such identification could be used to minimize the epistemic and social damages that NID can inflict, including prohibiting the dissent in question, targeting it for special scrutiny, placing limits on scientists’ epistemic obligations, guiding public beliefs, emphasizing the existence of a consensus, and discrediting dissenters. It shows that although some of these strategies could be useful, others are unhelpful in limiting the negative impacts of NID, and may even exacerbate them or generate other equally serious problems.

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Benedek, David M., and Gary H. Wynn. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190205959.003.0002.

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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may develop after exposure to a traumatic event (or events) such as interpersonal violence, disasters, war, or terrorism. PTSD is characterized by specific symptoms organized into core clusters, including reexperience, hyperarousal, avoidance, and negative alterations in mood and cognition. Although these symptoms may resolve without any intervention, they may also progress to a chronic, debilitating state. The characteristics of the disorder as described, as are the incidence and prevalence of PTSD and subgroups that may be at greater risk. The fact that many persons exposed to traumatic events do not develop lasting symptoms of PTSD (or PTSD at all) is explained through a discussion of risk and protective factors. Last, brief reviews of diagnostic assessments and current noncomplementary/nonalternative treatments supported by practice guidelines and clinical consensus are described.

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Brusselaers, Nele, and Eric A. J. Hoste. Acute kidney injury in patients with severe burn injury. Edited by Norbert Lameire. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0253_update_001.

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs in approximately one-quarter of all patients with severe burn injury (as defined by the RIFLE consensus classification), and approximately 3% of paediatric burn patients. Overall, a three- to six-fold higher mortality for burn patients with AKI is observed, depending on the applied definition. When AKI is defined by the sensitive RIFLE classification, median mortality of AKI is approximately 35%. This chapter describes the general pathophysiology of AKI in burns, particularly the severe form of burn shock, and discusses in addition the roles of intra-abdominal hypertension, rhabdomyolysis, and the potentially negative impact of povidone-iodine burn dressing. Finally the definitions used in burn pathology, the prevention of AKI with a discussion of the fluid therapy in burned patients, and the role of renal replacement therapy in these patients is discussed.

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Müller, Wolfgang C., ed. Austria. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747031.003.0005.

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This chapter discusses nuclear energy policy in Austria since the 1950s. It stresses that political parties were the main actors and decision-making on energy policy was strongly influenced by them. Building on the work of Strøm (1990) and Müller and Strøm (1999) it is argued that several position changes regarding nuclear energy were made by Austrian parties in response to public opinion, trading policy against votes or office. The Austrian case resembled other Western European countries until the 1970s, when a nuclear power plant was built but never made operational because of a negative referendum. After a decade of struggling with attempts at policy reversal, an anti-nuclear consensus was reached after Chernobyl. Soon parties did engage in a new form of competition on the nuclear issue—over their competence in fighting nuclear energy in other countries, in particular, plants close to the Austrian border.

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Davis, Mary C., Chung Jung Mun, Dhwani Kothari, Shannon Moore, Crys Rivers, Kirti Thummala, and Giulia Weyrich. The Nature and Adaptive Implications of Pain-Affect Dynamics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190627898.003.0013.

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Because pain is in part an affective experience, investigators over the past several decades have sought to elaborate the nature of pain-affect connections. Our evolving understanding of the intersection of pain and affect is especially relevant to intervention efforts designed to enhance the quality of life and functional health of individuals managing chronic pain. This chapter describes how pain influences arousal of the vigilance/defensive and appetitive/approach motivational systems and thus the affective health of chronic pain patients. The focus then moves to the dynamic relations between changes in pain and other stressors and changes in positive and negative affect as observed in daily life and laboratory-based experiments. A consensus emerges that sustaining positive affect during pain and stress flares may limit their detrimental effects and promote better functional health. The authors consider the implications of increased understanding of the dynamic interplay between pain and affective experience for enhancing existing interventions.

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Abuella, Gihan, and Andrew Rhodes. Mechanical ventilation. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0024.

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Mechanical ventilation is used to assist or replace spontaneous respiration. Gas flow can be generated by negative pressure techniques, but it is positive pressure ventilation that is the most efficacious in intensive care. There are numerous pulmonary and extrapulmonary indications for mechanical ventilation, and it is the underlying pathology that will determine the duration of ventilation required. Ventilation modes can broadly be classified as volume- or pressure-controlled, but modern ventilators combine the characteristics of both in order to complement the diverse requirements of individual patients. To avoid confusion, it is important to appreciate that there is no international consensus on the classification of ventilation modes. Ventilator manufacturers can use terms that are similar to those used by others that describe very different modes or have completely different names for similar modes. It is well established that ventilation in itself can cause or exacerbate lung injury, so the evidence-based lung-protective strategies should be adhered to. The term acute lung injury has been abolished, whilst a new definition and classification for the acute respiratory distress syndrome has been defined.

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Book chapters on the topic "Negative consensus"

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Tateishi, Erika, Osamu Maruyama, and Satoru Miyano. "Extracting best consensus motifs from positive and negative examples." In STACS 96, 219–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60922-9_19.

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Traveset, Anna, and David M. Richardson. "Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions - an overview." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions, 1–25. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0001.

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Abstract Diverse biotic interactions between non-native plant species and other species from all taxonomic groups are crucial mediators of the dynamics of plant invasions. This chapter reviews the key hypotheses in invasion ecology that invoke biotic interactions to explain aspects of plant invasion dynamics. We examine the historical context of these hypotheses and assess the evidence for accepting or rejecting their predictions. Most hypotheses invoke antagonistic interactions, mainly competition, predation, herbivory interactions and the role of pathogens. Only in the last two decades have positive (facilitative/mutualistic) interactions been explicitly included in invasion biology theory (as in ecological theory in general). Much information has accumulated in testing hypotheses relating to biotic resistance and Enemy Release Theory, although many of the emerging generalizations are still contentious. There is growing consensus that other drivers of plant invasion success, such as propagule pressure and disturbance, mediate the outcome of biotic interactions, thereby complicating our ability to make predictions, but these have rarely been assessed in both native and adventive ranges of non-native invasive species. It is also widely acknowledged that biogeographic comparisons, more than common garden experiments, are needed to shed light on many of the contradictory results. Contrasting findings have also emerged in exploring the roles of positive interactions. Despite strong evidence that such interactions are crucial in many communities, more work is needed to elucidate the factors that influence the relative importance of positive and negative interactions in different ecosystems. Different types of evidence in support of invasional meltdown have emerged for diverse habitats and across spatial scales. In light of increasing evidence that biotic indirect effects are crucial determinants of the structure, dynamics and evolution of ecological communities, both direct and indirect interactions involving native and non-native species must be considered to determine how they shape plant invasion patterns and the ecological impacts of non-native species on recipient communities. Research that examines both biotic interactions and the factors that mediate their strength and alter interaction outcomes is needed to improve our ability to predict the effects of novel interactions between native and non-native species, and to envisage how existing invaded communities will respond to changing environmental conditions. Many opportunities exist for manipulating biotic interactions as part of integrated control strategies to reduce the extent, density and impacts of non-native plant invasions. These include the introduction of species from the native range of the non-native plant for biological control, diverse manipulations of plant - herbivore interactions and many types of interaction to enhance biotic resistance and steer vegetation recovery following non-native plant control.

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Brand, A., and M. P. Heringa. "Is er landelijke consensus over het nut van toediening van anti-D aan Rh-negatieve zwangeren rond de 30ste week?" In Vademecum permanente nascholing huisartsen, 1270–72. Houten: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-313-8808-0_657.

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"Psychotherapy and Freudian Psychology: The Negative View." In Hans Eysenck: Consensus And Controversy, 218–45. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203299449-26.

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Bitter, István. "Definitions and measurement of negative symptoms in schizophrenia." In Managing Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia, 1–18. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198840121.003.0001.

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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia represent deficits in different domains, e.g. loss or diminution in emotions, thinking and movement. Persistent primary negative symptoms are considered to be part of the schizophrenia disease process and represent an unmet need for treatment, while secondary negative symptoms are associated with positive symptoms of schizophrenia, other mental disorders (e.g. depression, substance abuse), extrapyramidal symptoms, social deprivation, etc. Validated rating scales are helpful in the evaluation and measurement of negative symptoms. Current consensus supports the focus on the following five domains (five ‘As’): blunted affect, alogia, anhedonia, asociality, and avolition.

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Patrick, Ruth. "The emergence of a framing consensus on ‘welfare’." In For Whose Benefit? Policy Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447333463.003.0003.

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This chapter introduces readers to the welfare reform policy context in the UK, exploring the reform trajectory taken over the past 35 years. It highlights the dominant construction of the ‘welfare’ policy problem, and the central place that welfare conditionality then plays in the posited policy solution. The ways in which welfare reform is frequently defended with a recourse to a stigmatising narrative around ‘welfare dependency’ is detailed, as is the central role now played by Poverty Porn – television shows that purport to show the ‘real’ picture of life on benefits. Recent reforms by Cameron’s Government are outlined, with a particular focus on those changes that affected individuals interviewed for this research. It is argued that a ‘framing consensus on ‘welfare’ today operates, with ‘welfare’ and those who receive it seen as inherently and necessarily negative and problematic.

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Moore, Robyn M., and Victoria J. Mabin. "Reaching Community Consensus on Reforms for More Sustainable Urban Water Management Systems." In Systems Research for Real-World Challenges, 67–101. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5996-2.ch003.

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Reaching community consensus on water reforms was the motive—and the challenge—for this operational research. While water is comparatively abundant in New Zealand, a pattern of decline in the quality of water resources has persisted. Living up to its “clean, green” image is a significant goal for New Zealand, with high economic value derived from the effects of its globally recognized environmental credentials on key exports like tourism and agriculture. A 2009 government task force suggested that a “business as usual” approach is untenable, and water reform should be a priority. This systems study examines the challenges—and opportunities—facing Kāpiti, a rapidly growing coastal community, with water scarcity and quality constraints that had long prevented them from meeting their sustainable development objectives. The authors used a stakeholder typology to identify system stakeholders, Theory of Constraints (TOC) to examine their perspectives, causal loop diagrams to highlight potential negative outcomes, and TOC to design appropriate interventions.

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"7. False Positives and Negatives." In Non-Consensus Investing, 98–129. Columbia University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/bhan19230-008.

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Turan, Seda Gokce. "The Relationship Between Technoference, Work-Family Interface, and Telework in the Age of 4IR." In Advances in Human Resources Management and Organizational Development, 279–96. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3347-5.ch019.

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In the age of 4IR, working life is generally characterized by penetration of technological devices and online platforms to individuals' social lives through teleworking. There is no consensus about teleworking whether it has negative or positive impacts on work-life balance of employees. Since teleworking is directly related with technological devices, researchers discuss technoference and its effects on teleworkers' lives. So, in terms of its impact, teleworking and work-family interface should be taken into consideration with the concept of technoference. This chapter will analyze the relationship between teleworking and work-family interface in the context of technoference in depth. Due to pervasiveness of teleworking at the age of 4IR, this analysis seems like a necessity for both individuals and companies in terms of teleworkers' work-family satisfaction. Suggestions and protection methods in order to decrease negative impacts of teleworking will also be discussed.

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Greer, Tracy L., and Jeethu K. Joseph. "Functional and Psychosocial Consequences of Major Depressive Disorder." In Cognitive Dimensions of Major Depressive Disorder, 1–14. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198810940.003.0001.

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Depression is associated with profound personal and societal costs worldwide, in great part due to negative functional and psychosocial consequences. These consequences can range from minimally disruptive to life-altering, and they occur across a wide variety of life domains (e.g. home, work, school, social). Despite patient preference for the inclusion of functional outcomes as the desired endpoint of antidepressant treatment and goal for the achievement of wellness, functional outcomes are still infrequently measured. This is likely due, at least in part, to the wide variety of assessment tools that are available and lack of consensus definitions of functional recovery. This chapter reviews several measures that are available to assess functioning; describes the functional impairment associated with depression and related symptoms, such as cognition, sleep, and pain; and briefly discusses issues associated with treating disrupted functioning in depression. Future directions include the need to develop and utilize a consensus definition of functional recovery, as well as consistent incorporation of functional assessment in both clinical monitoring and research outcomes.

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Conference papers on the topic "Negative consensus"

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Wang, Jianan, Alexander Lanzon, and Ian R. Petersen. "Robust output feedback consensus for multiple heterogeneous negative-imaginary systems." In 2015 54th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2015.7402562.

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Skeik, Ola, and Alexander Lanzon. "Robust Output Consensus for Networks of Homogeneous Negative Imaginary Systems." In 2018 IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2018.8619029.

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Shi, Kanghong, Igor G. Vladimirov, and Ian R. Petersen. "Robust Output Feedback Consensus for Networked Heterogeneous Nonlinear Negative-Imaginary Systems." In 2020 Australian and New Zealand Control Conference (ANZCC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/anzcc50923.2020.9318395.

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Clark, Andrew, Qiqiang Hou, Linda Bushnell, and Radha Poovendran. "A submodular optimization approach to leader-follower consensus in networks with negative edges." In 2017 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc.2017.7963139.

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Kim, Jihyun, Doyeong Yu, Jiyoon Noh, Wooyeong Jang, Hanna Yang, Youngmee Kwon, Keun Seok Lee, et al. "Abstract 3424: Consensus molecular subtype of triple negative breast cancer to implicate in chemotherapy response." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2019; March 29-April 3, 2019; Atlanta, GA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-3424.

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Kim, Jihyun, Doyeong Yu, Jiyoon Noh, Wooyeong Jang, Hanna Yang, Youngmee Kwon, Keun Seok Lee, et al. "Abstract 3424: Consensus molecular subtype of triple negative breast cancer to implicate in chemotherapy response." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2019; March 29-April 3, 2019; Atlanta, GA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-3424.

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Özdemir, Dilek, Cevat Gerni, Ahmet Fatih Aydemir, and Ömer Selçuk Emsen. "Relations Between Military Spending and Economic Growth in Turkey (1980-2016)." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c10.02134.

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It cannot be said that military expenditure and economic growth relationship have reached a consensus both theoretically and empirically. The basic argument of the claim that military spending will increase national income is that if the economy is unemployed, the increase in spending, including military spending, will increase national income by expanding demand. Whereas, the argument that military spending will have a negative impact on the national income is claimed due to causing the inefficiency of the resources in the economy and thus to suppress the growth by causing resource mobility from productive sectors to the non-productive sectors. On the purpose of determining which of these two opposing ideas whether committed in Turkey’s economy, military expenditures have been added to Solow growth model and econometric analyzes have involved the period of 1980-2016. In the light of findings, it is revealed that second type of hypothesis is valid that military spending has a negative effect on economic growth.

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Palmer, Andrew, David Keith, and Richard Doctor. "Ocean Storage of Carbon Dioxide: Pipelines, Risers and Seabed Containment." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29529.

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Eight hundred tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2) are dumped into the atmosphere every second. There has been a progressive rise in the CO2 content of the atmosphere, from 270 ppm in the pre-industrial era to more than 380 ppm now, rising by 15 ppm/decade. The overwhelming scientific consensus is that this is having a large effect on climate, and that as a result the Earth’s temperature will rise by 2°C or more before 2100 [1]. Agriculture, forestry, fisheries, the biosphere and human health will all be affected, though not all the impacts are negative. The level of the sea will rise by between 0.5 and 1 m, and there is a possibility of a much greater and catastrophic rise if warming should lead to a collapse of the Greenland or Antarctic ice sheets.

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Hu, Menglei, and Songcan Chen. "Doubly Aligned Incomplete Multi-view Clustering." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/313.

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Nowadays, multi-view clustering has attracted more and more attention. To date, almost all the previous studies assume that views are complete. However, in reality, it is often the case that each view may contain some missing instances. Such incompleteness makes it impossible to directly use traditional multi-view clustering methods. In this paper, we propose a Doubly Aligned Incomplete Multi-view Clustering algorithm (DAIMC) based on weighted semi-nonnegative matrix factorization (semi-NMF). Specifically, on the one hand, DAIMC utilizes the given instance alignment information to learn a common latent feature matrix for all the views. On the other hand, DAIMC establishes a consensus basis matrix with the help of L2,1-Norm regularized regression for reducing the influence of missing instances. Consequently, compared with existing methods, besides inheriting the strength of semi-NMF with ability to handle negative entries, DAIMC has two unique advantages: 1) solving the incomplete view problem by introducing a respective weight matrix for each view, making it able to easily adapt to the case with more than two views; 2) reducing the influence of view incompleteness on clustering by enforcing the basis matrices of individual views being aligned with the help of regression. Experiments on four real-world datasets demonstrate its advantages.

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Han, Guangyang, Jinzheng Tu, Guoxian Yu, Jun Wang, and Carlotta Domeniconi. "Crowdsourcing with Multiple-Source Knowledge Transfer." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/402.

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Crowdsourcing is a new computing paradigm that harnesses human effort to solve computer-hard problems. Budget and quality are two fundamental factors in crowdsourcing, but they are antagonistic and their balance is crucially important. Induction and inference are principled ways for humans to acquire knowledge. Transfer learning can also enable induction and inference processes. When a new task comes, we may not know how to go about approaching it. On the other hand, we may have easy access to relevant knowledge that can help us with the new task. As such, via appropriate knowledge transfer, for example, an improved annotation can be achieved for the task at a small cost. To make this idea concrete, we introduce the Crowdsourcing with Multiple-source Knowledge Transfer (CrowdMKT)approach to transfer knowledge from multiple, similar, but different domains for a new task, and to reduce the negative impact of irrelevant sources. CrwodMKT first learns a set of concentrated high-level feature vectors of tasks using knowledge transfer from multiple sources, and then introduces a probabilistic graphical model to jointly model the tasks with high-level features, workers, and their annotations. Finally, it adopts an EM algorithm to estimatethe workers strengths and consensus. Experimental results on real-world image and text datasets prove the effectiveness of CrowdMKT in improving quality and reducing the budget.

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Reports on the topic "Negative consensus"

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Exploring the Prospects of Using 3D Printing Technology in the South African Human Settlements. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2021/0074.

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South Africa is a country with significant socio-economic development challenges, with the majority of South Africans having limited or non-existent access to basic infrastructure, services, housing and socio-economic opportunities etc. The urban housing backlog currently exceeds 2.4 million houses, with many families living in informal settlements. The Breaking New Grounds Policy, 2014 for the creation of sustainable human settlements, acknowledges the challenges facing human settlements, such as, decreasing human settlements grants allocation, increasing housing backlog, mushrooming of informal settlements and urbanisation. The White Paper on Science, Technology and Innovation (STI), 2019 notes that South Africa has not yet fully benefited from the potential of STI in addressing the socio-economic challenges and seeks to support the circular economy principles which entail a systematic change of moving to a zero or low waste resource-efficient society. Further to this, the Science and Technology Roadmap’s intention is to unlock the potential of South Africa’s human settlements for a decent standard of living through the smart uptake of science, technology and innovation. One such novel technology is the Three-Dimensional (3D) printing technology, which has produced numerous incredible structures around the world. 3D printing is a computer-controlled industrial manufacturing process which encompasses additive means of production to create 3D shapes. The effects of such a technology have a potential to change the world we live in and could subsequently pave the roadmap to improve on housing delivery and reduce the negative effects of conventional construction methods on the environment. To this end, the Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), in partnership with the Department of Science and Innovation (DSI) and the University of Johannesburg (UJ) hosted the second virtual IID seminar titled: Exploring the Prospects of Using 3D Printing Technology in the South African Human Settlements, on 01 March 2021 to explore the potential use of 3D printing technology in human settlements. The webinar presented preliminary findings from a study conducted by UJ, addressing the following topics: 1. The viability of 3D printing technology 2. Cost comparison of 3D printed house to conventional construction 3. Preliminary perceptions on 3D printing of houses Speakers included: Dr Jennifer Mirembe (NDoHS), Dr Jeffrey Mahachi, Mr Refilwe Lediga, Mr Khululekani Ntakana and Dr Luxien Ariyan, all from UJ. There was a unanimous consensus that collaborative efforts from all stakeholders are key to take advantage of this niche technology. @ASSAf_Official; @dsigovza; @go2uj; @The_DHS; #SA 3D_Printing; #3D Print_Housing; #IID

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