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Journal articles on the topic 'Negatively buoyant discharge'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Ferrari, Simone, Maria Grazia Badas, and Giorgio Querzoli. "An Investigation on the Effects of Different Stratifications on Negatively Buoyant Jets." EPJ Web of Conferences 180 (2018): 02025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818002025.

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Negatively buoyant jets develop when fluids are released upwards into a lighter fluid or, vice versa, downwards into a heavier fluid. There are many engineering applications, such as the discharge, via submerged outfalls, of brine from desalination plants into the sea. Some concerns are raised about the potential negative environmental impacts of this discharge. The increase in salinity is the major cause for environmental impact, as it is very harmful to many marine species. The diffusers for brine discharge are typically inclined upwards, to increase the path before the brine reaches the sea

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2

McConnochie, Craig D., Claudia Cenedese, and Jim N. McElwaine. "Surface Expression of a Wall Fountain: Application to Subglacial Discharge Plumes." Journal of Physical Oceanography 50, no. 5 (2020): 1245–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-19-0213.1.

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AbstractWe use laboratory experiments and theoretical modeling to investigate the surface expression of a subglacial discharge plume, as occurs at many fjords around Greenland. The experiments consider a fountain that is released vertically into a homogeneous fluid, adjacent either to a vertical or a sloping wall, that then spreads horizontally at the free surface before sinking back to the bottom. We present a model that separates the fountain into two separate regions: a vertical fountain and a horizontal, negatively buoyant jet. The model is compared to laboratory experiments that are condu

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3

Abessi, O., M. Saeedi, T. Bleninger, and M. Davidson. "Surface discharge of negatively buoyant effluent in unstratified stagnant water." Journal of Hydro-environment Research 6, no. 3 (2012): 181–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jher.2012.05.004.

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4

Abessi, Ozeair, Mohsen Saeedi, Mark Davidson, and Naser Hajizadeh Zaker. "Flow Classification of Negatively Buoyant Surface Discharge in an Ambient Current." Journal of Coastal Research 278 (January 2012): 148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2112/jcoastres-d-10-00131.1.

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5

Kapoor, K., and Y. Jaluria. "Flow and Heat Transfer Due to a Buoyant Ceiling Jet Turning Downward at a Corner." Journal of Heat Transfer 118, no. 1 (1996): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2824064.

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An experimental investigation has been carried out on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of a horizontal buoyant ceiling jet that turns downward at a corner to yield a vertical negatively buoyant wall flow. Such flow situations are frequently encountered in thermal energy storage, in electronic systems, and in room fires. However, not much work has been done to understand the basic mechanisms governing such flows, particularly the flow near the corner. In this study, a two-dimensional jet of heated air is discharged adjacent to the lower surface of an isothermal horizontal plate. An is

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6

Bloutsos, Aristeidis A., and Panayotis C. Yannopoulos. "Revisiting Mean Flow and Mixing Properties of Negatively Round Buoyant Jets Using the Escaping Mass Approach (EMA)." Fluids 5, no. 3 (2020): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids5030131.

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The flow formed by the discharge of inclined turbulent negatively round buoyant jets is common in environmental flow phenomena, especially in the case of brine disposal. The prediction of the mean flow and mixing properties of such flows is based on integral models, experimental results and, recently, on numerical modeling. This paper presents the results of mean flow and mixing characteristics using the escaping mass approach (EMA), a Gaussian model that simulates the escaping masses from the main buoyant jet flow. The EMA model was applied for dense discharge at a quiescent ambient of unifor

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7

Nokes, R. I., and I. R. Wood. "Turbulent dispersion of a steady discharge of positively or negatively buoyant particles in two dimensions." Journal of Hydraulic Research 25, no. 1 (1987): 103–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221688709499291.

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8

Kämpf, Jochen. "Impacts of blending on dilution of negatively buoyant brine discharge in a shallow tidal sea." Marine Pollution Bulletin 58, no. 7 (2009): 1032–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.02.009.

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9

Jain, Aakanksha, Iman Bahreini Toussi, Abdolmajid Mohammadian, Hossein Bonakdari, and Majid Sartaj. "Applications of ANFIS-Type Methods in Simulation of Systems in Marine Environments." Mathematical and Computational Applications 27, no. 2 (2022): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mca27020029.

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ANFIS-type algorithms have been used in various modeling and simulation problems. With the help of algorithms with more accuracy and adaptability, it is possible to obtain better real-life emulating models. A critical environmental problem is the discharge of saline industrial effluents in the form of buoyant jets into water bodies. Given the potentially harmful effects of the discharge effluents from desalination plants on the marine environment and the coastal ecosystem, minimizing such an effect is crucial. Hence, it is important to design the outfall system properly to reduce these impacts

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10

Thompson, Peter, and Anya Waite. "Phytoplankton responses to wastewater discharges at two sites in Western Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 54, no. 6 (2003): 721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf02096.

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The two main wastewater discharges on the west coast of Australia, near the city of Perth, were monitored for their potential impact on phytoplankton communities between 1996 and 2000. The wastewater outlets varied in their location, length and depth (at point of discharge), volume of discharge and nutrient load. Phytoplankton responses were markedly different in the vicinity of the two outlets. In the vicinity of the southern outlet with the greatest effluent volume and nutrient load, phytoplankton responses were at or near the level of detection, except during summer. In the vicinity of the

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11

Mohammadian, Abdolmajid, Hossein Kheirkhah Gildeh, and Ioan Nistor. "CFD Modeling of Effluent Discharges: A Review of Past Numerical Studies." Water 12, no. 3 (2020): 856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12030856.

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Effluent discharge mixing and dispersion have been studied for many decades. Studies began with experimental investigations of geometrical and concentration characteristics of the jets in the near-field zone. More robust experiments were performed using Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) systems starting in the 20th century, which led to more accurate measurement and analysis of jet behavior. The advancement of computing systems over the past two decades has led to the development of various numerical methods, which have been implemented in Computational Flui

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12

Papakonstantis, Ilias G., and Panos N. Papanicolaou. "On the Computational Modeling of Inclined Brine Discharges." Fluids 7, no. 2 (2022): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids7020086.

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In this paper, five computational approaches are used to model bulk flow parameters of inclined round negatively buoyant jets. More specifically, an integral model employing Gaussian distributions for velocity and apparent acceleration of gravity, proposed in earlier study, is implemented with two different entrainment formulae. The remaining three computational approaches include an integral model known as EMA, which takes into consideration the fluid detachment occurring in the inner side of the flow near the terminal height, the widely known commercial model Corjet and analytical solutions

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13

Kikkert, G. A., M. J. Davidson, and R. I. Nokes. "Inclined Negatively Buoyant Discharges." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 133, no. 5 (2007): 545–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(2007)133:5(545).

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14

Saeedi, M., A. Aliabadi Farahani, O. Abessi, and T. Bleninger. "Laboratory studies defining flow regimes for negatively buoyant surface discharges into crossflow." Environmental Fluid Mechanics 12, no. 5 (2012): 439–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10652-012-9245-4.

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15

Priven, M., J. F. Atkinson, G. A. Bemporad, and H. Rubin. "Theoretical Study of a Laminar Jet in a Double-Diffusion Environment." Journal of Fluids Engineering 117, no. 3 (1995): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2817267.

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The flow field development associated with the injection of negatively, neutrally, and positively buoyant fluid layers into a stratified environment was analyzed in this study. The analysis considered two-dimensional (horizontal slot) fluid injection under laminar conditions in either temperature-stratified, salinity-stratified or double-diffusive stratified environments. The major features characterizing the buoyant layer development were identified. A numerical model, which integrates in a local reference frame the equations governing mass, momentum, heat and salinity fluxes, was developed.

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16

Kikkert, Gustaaf, Mark Davidson, and Roger Nokes. "Closure to “Inclined Negatively Buoyant Discharges” by Gustaaf Kikkert, Mark Davidson, and Roger Nokes." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 134, no. 12 (2008): 1784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(2008)134:12(1784).

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17

Arita, Masamitsu, and Makoto Soga. "Flow Visualization on Negative Surface Buoyant Jet Discharged on the Sloping Bottom." Journal of the Visualization Society of Japan 14, Supplement1 (1994): 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/jvs.14.supplement1_119.

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18

NAKAI, Masanori, Masamitsu ARITA, and Jun UMEMOTO. "Flow and Spreading Mechanisln of Three-Dimensional Negatively Buoyant Jets Discharged on a Sloping Bottom." Journal of the Visualization Society of Japan 20, no. 78 (2000): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/jvs.20.243.

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19

ARITA, Masamitsu, Masanori NAKAI, Toru WATANABE, and Jun UMEMOTO. "AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THREE-DIMENSIONAL NEGATIVELY BUOYANT SURFACE JETS DISCHARGED ON A SLOPPING BOTTOM." PROCEEDINGS OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING 42 (1998): 535–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/prohe.42.535.

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20

Davies, Peter A., and Iftikhar Ahmed. "Laboratory studies of a round, negatively buoyant jet discharged horizontally into a rotating homogeneous fluid." Fluid Dynamics Research 17, no. 5 (1996): 237–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-5983(95)00036-4.

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21

Papakonstantis, Ilias G., and George C. Christodoulou. "Discussion of “Inclined Negatively Buoyant Discharges” by G. A. Kikkert, M. J. Davidson, and R. I. Nokes." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 134, no. 12 (2008): 1782–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(2008)134:12(1782).

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22

Davies, Peter A., Rolf H. KÄse, and Iftikhar Ahmed. "Laboratory and numerical model studies of a negatively-buoyant jet discharged horizontally into a homogeneous rotating fluid." Geophysical & Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics 95, no. 1-2 (2001): 127–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03091920108203417.

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23

Michel, Jacqueline, Malcolm L. Spaulding, Keith Michel, Malcolm MacKinnon, James O'Brien, and Stephen Palmer. "SPILLS OF NONFLOATING OILS: FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO IMPROVE PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE1." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2001, no. 2 (2001): 1301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2001-2-1301.

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ABSTRACT The Committee on Marine Transportation of Heavy Oils was formed by the National Research Council's Marine Board, in response to a congressional mandate that requested the U.S. Coast Guard to assess the risk of spills of oil, which may sink or be negatively buoyant, and the ability to clean them up. The study was also to assess clean-up technologies and identify and appraise technological and financial barriers that may prevent the prompt response to such discharges. The specific objectives of the study were to: (1) assess the threats posed by the marine transportation of group V oils

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24

Noori, Farahnaz, Mir Mahdi Zahedi, Atefe Bayati-Comitaki, and Morteza Ziyaadini. "Study of the salinity and pH dilution pattern of discharged brine of the Konarak desalination plant into the Chabahar bay: a case study." Applied Water Science 11, no. 10 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13201-021-01497-z.

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AbstractThis research aims to study the salinity and pH dilution pattern of discharged brine of the Konarak desalination plant into the Chabahar bay, their relation on coastal environment, and type of its brine discharge. Due to the shallow water depth of the coast and type of brine discharge, evaluating the salinity and pH was done with a sampling of surface seawater. The type of brine disposal is a direct surface discharge of negatively buoyant flow in the coastal environment of Chabahar bay. The brine discharge mechanism is a shore-attached surface jet, which is most likely influenced by th

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25

Mingotti, Nicola, and Andrew W. Woods. "Dynamics of sediment-laden plumes in the ocean." Flow 2 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/flo.2022.12.

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We present a series of experiments to illustrate the dynamics of positively or negatively buoyant particle-laden plumes in a cross-flow, with relevance for the discharge of sediment into the ocean during deep-sea mining operations. In an unstratified ambient fluid, our experiments identify three different regimes, corresponding to (i) a dense particle-laden plume, host to relatively dense saline fluid, in which the particles separate from the descending plume as the flow speed falls below the particle settling speed; (ii) a dense particle-laden plume, host to buoyant fluid, in which the fluid

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26

Ma, Yuanqing, Angui Li, Tianqi Wang, et al. "Characteristics of inclined negatively buoyant jet of dense gas leakage." Physics of Fluids 37, no. 2 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0251179.

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Many industrial products generate or utilize toxic gases. Once a dense gas leak occurs, hazardous gases with negatively buoyant tend to accumulate in areas of human activity. The investigation on characteristics of inclined negatively buoyant jet (INBJ) of dense gas leakage can contribute to hazard assessment and effective elimination. This study explores the characteristics of dense gas leaks from inclined sources on the basis of high-speed schlieren imaging experiment and large eddy simulation. Two dense gases, carbon dioxide (CO2) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), were selected as pollutants.

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27

Piton, Violaine, Frédéric Soulignac, Ulrich Lemmin, et al. "Tracing Unconfined Nearfield Spreading of a River Plume Interflow in a Large Lake (Lake Geneva): Hydrodynamics, Suspended Particulate Matter, and Associated Fluxes." Frontiers in Water 4 (July 13, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2022.943242.

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River inflows have a major influence on lake water quality due to their input of sediments, nutrients and contaminants. After leaving the river channel, river waters form a plume and interact with ambient lake waters. Strong hydrodynamic changes take place in the nearfield. To determine the nearfield hydro-sedimentary dynamics of the negatively-buoyant Rhône River plume in thermally stratified Lake Geneva, field campaigns were carried out at high and intermediate river discharge. High-resolution full-depth Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) transects were taken at 400, 800, 1,200, and 1,

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28

M., J. Baum, Gibbes B., Grinham A., Albert S., Gale D., and Fisher P. "Performance Assessment of the Gold Coast Desalination Plant Offshore Multiport Brine Diffuser during 'Hot Standby' Operation." April 1, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1130527.

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Alongside the rapid expansion of Seawater Reverse Osmosis technologies there is a concurrent increase in the production of hypersaline brine by-products. To minimize environmental impact, these by-products are commonly disposed into open-coastal environments via submerged diffuser systems as inclined dense jet outfalls. Despite the widespread implementation of this process, diffuser designs are typically based on small-scale laboratory experiments under idealistic quiescent conditions. Studies concerning diffuser performance in the field are limited. A set of experiments were conducted to asse

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29

Porto Pereira, Silvano, Melissa Fontenelle Rodrigues, Paulo Cesar Colonna Rosman, et al. "A novel tool for modeling the near- and far-field dispersion of brine effluent from desalination plants." Frontiers in Marine Science 11 (July 29, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1377252.

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Regardless of the specific technology adopted, the use of desalination to produce fresh water from seawater results in a discharge of brine effluent containing a high concentration of salts and other desalination by-products that must be dealt with appropriately. Until now, this effluent has most commonly been discharged into the sea through a submarine outfall. Computational tools are used to simulate the behavior of these brine discharges to minimize their impact on the marine environment. Environmental assessments of desalination plants that are made using these tools can include considerat

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30

Law, Shuen, Mark J. Davidson, Craig McConnochie, and Daniel Lagrava. "Improved numerical predictions of inclined negatively buoyant jet behaviour." Environmental Fluid Mechanics, July 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10652-023-09937-x.

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AbstractThe results of numerical simulations of inclined negatively buoyant jets are presented. These simulations address previously highlighted difficulties in capturing sufficient detail of critical flow processes to effectively predict the detailed flow behaviour. In particular, the new simulations are able to accurately capture the details of the buoyancy-induced instabilities, which are clearly evident in associated experimental investigations and that have significant impacts on the flow behaviour. This new information is captured for inclined negatively buoyant jets discharged at 45° ab

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31

Law, Shuen, Mark Davidson, Craig McConnochie, and Daniel Lagrava. "RANS model predictions for desalination discharges implemented with a dynamic turbulent Schmidt number approach." Environmental Fluid Mechanics 25, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10652-025-10014-8.

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Abstract Desalination discharges are commonly in the form of inclined negatively buoyant jets (INBJs). Numerical predictions of INBJs remain a challenge. While accurate large eddy simulations (LES) of INBJs have become available very recently, they are substantially more resource intensive. Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) modelling is potentially more efficient and can be more readily applied in practice. However, existing RANS simulations show substantial error when compared with experimental measurements. In this study, RANS simulations of 45° INBJs are performed with a dynamic turbul

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