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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Negativism'
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1
Martin-Kratzer, Renee. "The emotional and cognitive processing of negative news photographs." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4181.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on October 18, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Yu, Ka-ki, and 余嘉琪. "The effect of ruminative and experiential processing on negative thinking on depression: an experimentalapproach." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45590485.
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Krompinger, Jason Warren. "The negativity bias is influenced by underlying depressive symptoms an ERP study /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 48 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1597633421&sid=15&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Aleixo, Maria José Aragão. "O negativo na adolescência visto através do Rorschach." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/282.
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Dissertação de mestrado em Psicologia da SaúdeO presente trabalho procura explorar as manifestações do Negativo no processo adolescente, recorrendo à metodologia Rorschach. Através da análise dos protocolos Rorschach de 4 adolescentes entre os 14 e os 15 anos, procuramos identificar, a partir das respostas, eixos em torno dos quais o Negativo se organiza, bem como indicadores que possam configurar manifestações do Negativo de valor estruturante e destruturante.
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Brown, Milton Z. "The impact of negative emotions on the efficacy of treatment for parasuicide in borderline personality disorder /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9040.
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Spratt, Ashley Price. "Green with emotion the effect of negative emotional appeal intensity on cognitive processing of environmental PSAs /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5680.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 14, 2009) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Elbern, Alyce M. "Relationship of early narcissistic injury to later vulnerability, negative affect, and anger /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9988657.
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Van, Sistine Andrew J. "Negative self-talk in school-aged children." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2008. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2008/2008vansistinea.pdf.
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Terrill, Alexandra L. "Positive affect and cardiovascular reactivity in response to social versus non-social laboratory stressors." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2008/a_terrill_051209.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in psychology)--Washington State University, December 2008.Title from PDF title page (viewed on July 10, 2009). "Department of Psychology." Includes bibliographical references (p. 27-37).
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Yoon, Doyle. "The effect of web-based negative information on brand attitude /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3091984.
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Johnson, Walter Calvin. "Unique and moderating effects of cognitive coping variables in relationship to negative affectivity and self-reported depression and hopelessness /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9841306.
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Pliskaitienė, Kristina. "Negatyvizmo estetika grupės "Svetimi" kūryboje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090817_111258-30820.
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Magistro darbo objektas – „Svetimų“ almanache publikuoti penkių autorių Dainiaus Dirgėlos, Valdo Gedgaudo, Evaldo Ignatavičiaus, Alvydo Šlepiko, Donato Valavčiausko tekstai, taip pat vėlesnė poeto Valdo Gedgaudo kūryba, kurioje išryškėja naujos, rinkinyje dar neįtvirtintos ir negatyvizmo etetiką lietuvių poezijoje ženklinančios temos. Grupė atvirai deklaruoja naują, kitokią savo egzistencinę ir vertybinę poziciją, visišką atsiribojimą nuo ankstesnių lietuvių kūrybinių ir literatūrinių tradicijų, kartu įteisindama naują žmogaus ir pasaulio sampratą. Tekstams būdinga demitologizacija, destrukcija santykyje su tradicija, karnavalizuotai traktuojama mirties tema. Almanache itin ryški negatyvizmo tendencija, kuri nėra vien tik bruožas ar motyvas, negatyvizmo etetika čia ima dominuoti, virsta mąstymo kategorija. „Svetimi“ žymi lietuvių poezijos raidos lūžį, naują jos epochą, savo kūrybinę koncepciją grįsdami specifiniu dalyku – triukšmingu svetimumo manifestu – kaip naujos, aktyvios, ambicingos ir kitoniškos kūrybinės laikysenos strategija. Darbo metodai pasirinkti atsižvelgiant į išsikeltus uždavinius: aptarti ryškiausias negatyvizmo tendencijas atsispindinčias šiame almanache, atskleisti svetimumo sampratą jų kūtyboje, išanalizuoti mirties diskursą, postmodernias karnavališkumo strategijas bei krikščioniškų kontekstų desakralizaciją. Tad daugiausia naudojamas analitinis interpretacinis metodas.The object of the master’s work deals with the texts of five authors Dainiaus Dirgėla, Valdas Gedgaudas, Evaldas Ignatavičius, Alvydas Šlepikas, Donatas Valavčiauskas published in the almanac “Outlanders” as well as the posterior creative works of poet Valdas Gedgaudas where novel topics marking the esthetics of negativism although not fixed in the selection are noticeable. The group declares a novel different existential and valuable position as well as expresses complete dissociation from the earlier Lithuanian creative literature traditions at the same time legalizing a modern conception of the human and the world. Demythologization, destruction along with traditions are characteristic to the texts as well as the topic of death is approached using the elements of the carnival. The tendency of negativism is especially noticeable in the almanac although it is not supposed to be just a motive or feature while the esthetics of negativism tends to dominate transforming into the category of intellection. “Outlanders” signifies the turning point of the process of the Lithuanian poetry as well as its incoming era predicating their creative conception on the specific object of the manifestos of hilarious foreignness as a modern active ambitious different strategy of position. The work methods were selected according to its objectives which include discussing the most dramatic tendencies of negativism reflected by the almanac, revealing conception of... [to full text]
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Cahill, Katherine Reis. "Maternal positivity and negativity as mediators of adoptive sibling similarity in temperament and emotional and behavioral adjustment /." view abstract or download file of text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3181088.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2005.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-115). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Ustinova, Ulyana, and Ульяна Ігорівна Устінова. "Simple Lifestyle Technologies to Increase the Level of Happiness in Adolescents." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/52254.
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Relevance of the problem of happiness is related to the results of the international global survey Gallup International, according to which Ukraine in 2020 was in the TOP of unhappy countries. The happiness index in Ukraine has fallen sharply comparing to last year: in 2019 - 33%, in 2020 - 14%. However, this index is higher than in 2018 (then it was 8%).
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Jarrells, Travis L. "Productive Negativity." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555945950528429.
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Desroches, Elisabeth. "Les fondements métapsychologiques de la notion d'objet autistique à partir d'une observation." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC282.
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L'accompagnement en tant qu'auxiliaire de vie scolaire de Max, adolescent diagnostiqué autiste Asperger, fut le cadre de notre observation et de recherche clinique. Max a l'habitude d'aller toucher les cheveux d'autrui, ce que nous envisageons comme la manipulation d'un objet autistique atypique et une modalité particulière de rencontre de l'autre. À partir des travaux et des références de Francès Tustin, nous proposons une recherche à propos des fondements métapsychologiques de la notion d'objet autistique afin de déterminer quels sont les processus psychiques qui sous-tendent leur apparition. Nous étudions les cheveux en tant qu'éléments corporels symboliques et découvrons leur polysémie. Puis nous comparons la fonction et la manipulation des objets autistiques à celles des objets transitionnels, fétiches et self-objects, ce qui nous permet de penser des modalités spécifiques de relations d'objet. Notre hypothèse de la relation autistique à l'objet envisage l'émergence des objets autistiques en tant que témoins d'une relation à l'autre impossible et évitée, mais néanmoins recherchée et désirée. Cet évitement mènerait à l'intérêt pour un objet matériel. En outre, nous présentons le travail d'élaboration de notre accompagnement et de notre relation. Ainsi, l'élaboration du contre-transfert s'étaye sur une mise en dialogue de la situation d'observation et d'œuvres littéraires. Enfin, nous proposons une extension de la notion d'objet autistique et de la relation autistique à l'objet par une réflexion sur les nouvelles modalités de relation à l'autre que constituent les communications numériquesThe help I provided to Max as a school assistant was our context for the clinical research presented in this thesis. Max is a handicapped teenager diagnosed with Asperger's syndrome. He is used to touch other people's hair, which we consider as an atypical autistic object and a particular mode of meeting others. Based on Francès Tustin's work and research, we offer a study about the metapsychological foundations of the autistic object's concept to define the psychic processes underlying their appearance. We consider hair as a symbolic part of the body and found their polysemy. Then we compare the autistic object's fonction and manipulation with those of transitionnal objects, fetish objects and self-objects, which allows us to think of specific modes of object relations. Our hypothesis about autistic object relations considers the emergence of autistic objects as witnesses of an impossible and avoided relation to another, nevertheless sought and desired. This avoidance would lead to the interest for a material object. Moreover, we present the development of our study, in helping and relationship. Therefore the countertransference elaboration is based on dialogue between our observation situation and literary work. At last, we propose an extension of the autistic object concept and of the autistic object relation by reflecting on the new forms of communication with others, like digital communications
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Frost, Lola Audrey. "Negativity in painting." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497498.
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Martin, Navarro Marcelo Alejandro. "Tasas nominales negativas." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, 2015. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/8043.
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Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la efectividad de las “tasas nominales negativas" empleadas por algunos bancos centrales europeos para la consecución de diferentes objetivos de política monetaria durante el periodo posterior a la crisis financiera internacional; contrastar las herramientas convencionales de política monetaria con las no convencionales; comparar los resultados obtenidos en los distintos países bajo estudio; determinar aspectos positivos y negativos de dichas herramientas no convencionalesy formular propuestas para la eliminación del Effective Lower Bound.Fil: Martin Navarro, Marcelo Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas.
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Ridley, Elizabeth, Marissa Jones, Ethan Ashworth, and Eric Sellers. "Error-related Negativity and Feedback-related Negativity on a Reinforcement Learning Task." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/67.
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The measurement of electrical activity at the scalp using EEG can provide great insight into cognition and information processing. For example, event-related potentials (ERPs) are positive or negative deflections that correspond to a stimulus or event. These ERPs can reflect error processing and attentional processes associated with a stimulus. Specifically, error-related negativity and feedback-related negativity (ERN, FRN), are related to performance/conflict monitoring. Furthermore, the P300 ERP reflects attentional processes in response to target stimuli. Previous research examining the P300 component on a complex learning task has demonstrated increased P300 amplitude in response to violations of participants’ expectations about task events. The current study extends this research by examining ERN and FRN amplitudes on trials with incorrect behavioral responses throughout the same learning task. Pilot data has been collected from four participants. Participants wore an electrode cap with 32 electrodes to record EEG data while completing a paired associate task. Pilot data has demonstrated an increased ERN amplitude 50ms after error commission on incorrect trials. The ERN and FRN amplitudes were greater for incorrect trials than for correct trials. Larger P300 amplitudes were also observed for the incorrect trials than for the correct trials. This extension upon previous findings provides further insight into the role of performance monitoring and error processing in learning.
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Ridley, Elizabeth. "Error-Related Negativity and Feedback-Related Negativity on a Reinforcement Learning Task." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3714.
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Event-related potentials play a significant role in error processing and attentional processes. Specifically, event-related negativity (ERN), feedback-related negativity (FRN), and the P300 are related to performance monitoring. The current study examined these components in relation to subjective probability, or confidence, regarding response accuracy on a complicated learning task. Results indicated that confidence ratings were not associated with any changes in ERN, FRN, or P300 amplitude. P300 amplitude did not vary according to participants’ subjective probabilities. ERN amplitude and FRN amplitude did not change throughout the task as participants learned. Future studies should consider the relationship between ERN and FRN using a learning task that is less difficult than the one employed in this study.
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Evenson, Brian. "The carnival of negativity /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9330.
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Cruz, Christian Bueno. "LOGARITMOS DE NÚMEROS NEGATIVOS." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2015. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/1500.
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Previous issue date: 2015-03-20The great importance in the history of mathematics, concerning the study of logarithms, is consensual, both because the purpose for which they were created and because of their various applications. When this content is taught in high school, its definition and its basic properties to the positive real numbers are presented, but logarithms for negative numbers are not addressed. This work has as main objective the depth study of obtaining the logarithms for negative numbers: historical context, properties, exceptions and particularities, complex numbers and a study of the Euler equation. With the derived results of this study it is expected to provide input to obtain a methodology for teaching this subject, even superficially, in high school.
A grande importância na história da matemática no que concerne ao estudo dos logaritmos é consensual, tanto pela finalidade com que foram criados bem como devido às suas diversas aplicações. Quando este conteúdo é ensinado no ensino médio, são apresentadas sua definição e suas propriedades básicas para os números reais positivos, porém logaritmos para números negativos não são abordados. Este trabalho tem por objetivo principal o estudo aprofundado da obtenção dos logaritmos para números negativos: contextualização histórica, propriedades, exceções e particularidades, números complexos e um estudo sobre a equação de Euler. Com os resultados derivados do presente trabalho, espera-se fornecer subsídios para a obtenção de uma metodologia para o ensino de tal assunto, mesmo que superficialmente, no ensino médio.
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Gene-Cos, N. "Mismatch negativity in anxiety disorders." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.515466.
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Bucar, M. "Aesthetic negativity and choreographic practice." Thesis, City, University of London, 2015. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/15320/.
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At the core of this doctoral submission is a portfolio of three of my recent choreographic works(all created between 2011-2014), complemented by a text, which attempts to formulate a theoretical approach for explicating the works, through the lens of Theodor Adorno’s theory of the inherent negativity of modernist artworks. Such an approach places Adorno’s ideas at the very centre of the analytical view presented here, albeit via the semiotic (re)articulation of these same ideas in recent work by Christoph Menke. This, in turn, draws on earlier work done within aesthetic semiotics by Viktor Shklovsky, through which it is hoped that insight, clarification, and historical contextualisation will be forthcoming, whilst also casting an eye on the contemporary situation within arts making. The thesis is therefore a theoretical analysis of aesthetically negative philosophical thought within choreographic practice, but simultaneously it is an attempt to point to new knowledge; namely an enhancement of Menke's semiotic reading of Adorno, extended from the field of literature from which it originates, and brought into the field of dance, movement, and choreography. In addition to this, a vital second aspect of my approach will be a consideration of the extra - semiotic aspects of dance, read through a phenomenological understanding of kinaesthesia, and how our understanding of movement and choreography is rooted in basic aspects of our perceptive capabilities. Prior to the introduction, the beginning of this thesis, there is a presentation of factual information regarding the production aspects of the performances in a brief Foreword. The structure of the thesis is then as follows. The Introduction offers a short historic overview of Adorno’s theory of ‘aesthetic negativity’, and this is followed by three Chapters, titled: (1) Object and Subject, (2) Recombination, and (3) Projection. These three notions are not only essential to my work as methodological tools, but they also provide important references, connections and bilateral correspondences to similar concepts within Adorno’s aesthetic theory, thereby clarifying the relationship between theory and practice in my work. Chapter Four aims to re-inspect the works comprising The Urban Series in a similar fashion, while also placing their specific context within external, everyday and urban environments under critical examination.
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Strohschoen, Cristina. "Quando o patrimônio é uma imagem que quebra: políticas de acesso e preservação de coleções fotográficas de negativos de vidro." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10988.
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Brazilian cultural heritage is dispersed in archives, museums and libraries, all memory
centers with a common focus: to collect conservation and make society memory available to
its users and researchers. In archives the medium are many, manuscript documents,
audiovisual, sound and bibliographical materials. The present study concentrated to
investigate a specific documental medium, the glass negative. Invented in 1848, the glass
negative was the main documental medium for photographic images until 1888 when the
flexible negative film was invented. Therefore, visual information sources about the Brazilian
history from the second half of the XIX Century still exists because at that time the existing
medium for image sensitization was the glass plate. It was in this medium, that images from
the end of Brazil Empire and early Republic of Brazil were produced, using heavy wood
photography cameras, the so called Lambe-lambe . The importance of this documental
medium glass negative as a research source for Brazilian and World history was proven
after incursions in literature and research in Brazilian photographic heaps. It was found that
photography is a powerful mean of visual communication besides its value as information
source and documental heritage. This premise imposes the cultural institutions that custody
these documental type the need to define specific policies to them. Under the light of
conservation, access and diffusion which constitute the theoretical reference and
chronologically determining the invention of the different photographic processes, this study
analyzed conservation and access policies that are adopted by photographic documentation
centers that custody glass negative heaps, based in the policies from two cultural institutions
with similar heap, objectives and institutional goals but, with climatic differences due to its
geographical location, the South and Northeast regions of Brazil. It was ratified the
importance of the archivist functions: preservation and preventive conservation to the long
term duration of documents; the access, the need to create research instruments that
guarantee access to the images content and, cultural editorial and educative diffusion.
Involving all this, there is the need of continuous planning programs the policies. As a
result of this study and to meet the requirements of a Vocational Masters Program, we
produced a Guide with the adequate procedures to preserve photographic documents,
especially in the glass negative medium, that aims at orientating archivists, conservators,
historians, librarians, museum experts and other professionals about the correct procedures
for preventive conservation, preservation and image restoration of information kept in this
documental medium.Parte do patrimônio cultural brasileiro encontra-se disperso em arquivos, museus e bibliotecas, todos centros de memória com um objetivo comum: coletar, preservar e colocar a memória da sociedade à disposição de usuários e pesquisadores. Nos arquivos, os suportes materiais são os mais diversos: documentos manuscritos, audiovisuais, sonoros, bibliográficos. Este estudo deteve-se a investigar, dentro do universo dos acervos fotográficos, um suporte documental específico o negativo de vidro. Inventado em 1848, o negativo de vidro foi o principal suporte documental das imagens fotográficas no mundo até 1888, quando foi inventado o negativo em película flexível. Portanto, as fontes visuais de informação sobre a história brasileira da segunda metade do século XIX existem porque neste período o suporte existente para a sensibilização da imagem era a chapa de vidro. Foi nela que as imagens do final do Brasil Império e do início do Brasil República foram produzidas, por pesadas câmeras fotográficas de madeira - as famosas lambe-lambe. A importância do suporte documental negativo de vidro como fonte de pesquisa sobre a história mundial e brasileira foi comprovada mediante incursões na literatura e investigações em acervos fotográficos brasileiros. Verificou-se que a fotografia constitui-se em poderoso veículo de comunicação visual, além de seu valor como fonte de informação e como patrimônio documental. Esta premissa, por sua vez, impõe as instituições culturais custodiadoras deste tipo documental a necessidade de definir políticas específicas para as mesmas. À luz dos conceitos sobre preservação, acesso e difusão, os quais se constituíram nos referenciais teóricos; e situando cronologicamente a invenção dos diversos processos fotográficos, esse estudo analisou políticas de preservação e acesso adotadas por centros de documentação fotográfica detentoras de negativos de vidro com base naquelas identificadas em duas instituições culturais com semelhanças nos acervos preservados e nos objetivos e metas institucionais, porém, com diferenças climáticas devido a sua localização geográfica - nas regiões Sul e Nordeste do Brasil. Ratificou-se a importância das funções arquivísticas: a preservação e conservação preventiva para aumento da longevidade dos documentos; o acesso - a necessidade de elaboração de instrumentos de pesquisa para garantir o alcance ao conteúdo das imagens; e a difusão cultural, editorial e educativa. Permeando tudo isto, a necessidade da existência de programas como planejamentos contínuos as políticas. Como fruto deste estudo foi produzido o produto final exigido em mestrados profissionalizantes - um manual contendo os procedimentos adequados para a preservação do documento fotografia, especificamente no suporte documental negativo de vidro, que pretende orientar arquivistas, conservadores, historiadores, bibliotecários, museólogos e outros profissionais, nas ações pertinentes a conservação preventiva, preservação e restauração de imagens sobre este suporte documental.
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Carneiro, Denize de Souza. "Construções negativas em sateré-mawé." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2012. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/15415.
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Cette dissertation présente une description et une analyse de la négation en sateré-mawé. Cette langue est parlée par les Sateré-Mawé, qui comptent une population de 10.477 (FUNASA, 2010) personnes et vivent dans la Terre Indigène Andirá-Marau, située à la devise des états de l'Amazone et du Pará. C‟est a partir des études de la Linguistique Descriptive et Tipologique, sous la perspective théorique du Fonctionnalisme Structurelle, principalement, de André Martinet (1964), Claude Hagège (1982), Gilbert Lazard (1994), Denis Creissels (2006 et 2010); et de Benveniste (1989 et 2005), Payne (1997) et Touratier (2007), que nous cherchons comprendre les mecanismes morfosyntaxiques de la négation en sateré-mawé. A partir de l'analyse d'un corpus constitué d‟énoncés négatifs selectionés dans des narratives orales, énoncées dans de différents contextes réels de communication, bien comme dans de divers textes écrits par des enseignants indigènes, nous constatons que la négation en sateré-mawé se réalise par l'emploi de différents morphèmes, à savoir: a) un morphème pour nier des déclarations assertives; b) un morphème employé pour nier des énoncés impératifs; c) un morphème employé pour nier des énoncés optatives. Encore dans le contexte de ce travail, nous présentons une analyse préliminaire de l'organisation de l‟énoncé au niveau enunciatif-hierarchique, à partir de laquelle nous constatons que la négation en sateré-mawé présente le trace inhérentement focal.Esta dissertação apresenta uma descrição e análise da negação em sateré-mawé. Esta língua é falada pelos Sateré-Mawé, que somam uma população de 10.477 pessoas e vivem na Terra Indígena Andirá-Marau, situada na divisa dos estados do Amazonas e do Pará. A partir do arcabouço teórico dos estudos da Linguística Descritiva e Tipológica, sob a perspectiva teórica do Funcionalismo Estrutural, com base, principalmente, em André Martinet (1964), Claude Hagège (1982), Gilbert Lazard (1994), Denis Creissels (2006 e 2010); como também em Benveniste (1989 e 2005), Payne (1997) e Touratier (2007), buscamos compreender os mecanismos morfossintáticos da negação em sateré-mawé. A partir da análise de um corpus constituído pela seleção de enunciados negativos em narrativas orais, enunciadas em diferentes contextos reais de comunicação, como também em diversas narrativas escritas por falantes dessa língua, constatamos que a negação em sateré-mawé se realiza mediante o emprego de diferentes morfemas descontínuos, a saber: a) um morfema para negar enunciados assertivos; b) um morfema empregado para negar enunciados imperativos; um morfema empregado para negar enunciados optativos. Ainda no âmbito deste trabalho, apresentamos uma análise preliminar da organização do enunciado no nível enunciativo-hierárquico, a partir da qual constatamos que a negação em sateré-mawé apresenta o traço inerentemente focal.
Mestre em Linguística
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Sullivan, Jonathan. "Negativity and information in campaign advertising." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11138/.
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In many democracies election campaign advertising is an important form of communication between parties and candidates and voters. There is however an uncomfortable tension between what campaigns should achieve (according to democratic theories) and what they are like in reality. In Taiwan, political scientists have voiced concerns about the excessively negative tone of party and candidate advertising. Descriptive single-election accounts also suggest that campaign ads in Taiwan regularly fail to provide voters with the substantive information they need to make reasoned choices. These observations are cited as reason to conceive campaign advertising as deleterious to Taiwan’s new democracy. However, recent work in the US, suggests that negative advertising may in fact be a source of useful information to voters. By extension, the authors of these studies claim that negative ads make an important contribution to democratic political competition. The central objective of the thesis is to explore these claims in the Taiwan context. Are the theoretical arguments used to explain the content of negative advertising in the US supported by empirical evidence in the highly dissimilar Taiwanese context? Do negative ads in Taiwan, in spite of prior scholarly observations to the contrary, make a useful contribution to the information environment available to voters? In addressing these questions, the thesis aims to contribute a non-western case study to general research on campaign advertising. It also aims to provide the Taiwan studies field with a more systematic account of campaign communications than is currently available. To this end, the study analyzes more than 500 TV and newspaper ads from all four Presidential elections held to date.
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Ferreira, Dulce Azevedo. "Caracterização do Mismatch Negativity em crianças." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/163755.
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Objetivo: Caracterizar as respostas do Mismatch Negativity (MMN) em crianças com limiares auditivos dentro dos padrões de normalidades e sem queixas auditivas. Métodos: Estudo do tipo transversal. Participaram desta pesquisa crianças de cinco a onze anos, sem queixas auditivas. Todos os participantes realizaram avaliação audiológica periférica com medidas de imitância acústica, audiometria tonal e audiometria vocal previamente à realização do MMN. Para a execução do procedimento eletrofisiológico, MMN, foi utilizado o equipamento Masbe ATC Plus da marca Contronic. Os eletrodos foram fixados nas posições Fpz (eletrodo ativo), M1 e M2 (eletrodos referência) e na fronte (eletrodo terra). A intensidade utilizada para evocar o potencial foi de 80 dBNA, o estímulo frequente utilizado foi de 1.000 Hz e o estímulo raro de 2.000 Hz. Os estímulos foram apresentados em ambas as orelhas de modo monoaural. As crianças realizaram a avaliação sentadas e foram condicionadas a assistirem a um vídeo sem som, no tablet, enquanto o procedimento era realizado. Resultados: Para o grupo feminino, a média das latências e amplitudes foi de 177,3 ms e 5,01 μV na orelha direita e de 182,4 ms e 5,39 μV na orelha esquerda. Quanto ao grupo masculino, a média das latências foi de 194,4 ms na orelha direita e 183,6 ms na orelha esquerda, com amplitude de 5,11 μV na orelha direita e 5,83 μV na orelha esquerda. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante nos valores de latência e amplitude entre orelhas (p=0,867 e p=0,178), idade (p>0,20) e sexo dos participantes (p>0,05). Conclusão: Os valores encontrados nas latências e amplitudes do potencial MMN são semelhantes aos observados na literatura científica compulsada, em crianças com desenvolvimento típico e sem queixas auditivas.Aim: To characterize the answers of Mismatch Negativity (MMN) in children with hearing thresholds within the normality patterns and without auditory complaints. Methods: Transversal type study. Children between 5 and 11 years old without auditory complaints have participated in this research. All the participants have done peripheral audiological evaluation with acoustic immittance measures, tonal audiometry and vocal audiometry previously to MMN execution. To perform the electrophysiological procedure, MMN, it was used Masbe ATC Plus equipment from Contronic brand. The electrodes were fixed in Fpz (active electrode), M1 and M2 (reference electrodes) and front (earth electrode) positions. The intensity used to evoke the potential was 80 dBNA, the frequent stimulus used was 1.000 Hz and the rare stimulus was 2.000 Hz. The stimuli were presented in both ears monoaurally. Children performed the assessment sat and they were conditioned to watch a video without sound, on a tablet computer, while the procedure was performed. Results: For the female group, the average of the latencies and amplitudes was 177,3 ms and 5,01 μV for the right ear and 182,4 ms and 5,39 μV for the left ear. Regarding the male group, the average of latencies was 194,4 ms for the right ear and 183,6 ms for the left ear, with an amplitude of 5,11 μV for the right ear and 5,83 μV for the left ear. There was no significant statistically difference for the values of latency and amplitude among ears (p=0,867 and p=0,178), age (p>0,20) and gender of the participants (p>0,05). Conclusion: The values found in the latencies and amplitudes of MMN potential are similar to those observed in the scientific literature examined, in children with typical development and without auditory complaints.
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Souyris, Oportot Lorena. "Réflexions sur la mort en tant qu'expérience de la négativité autour de Jacques Lacan et Hegel." Thesis, Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA080049/document.
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Bien que le thème de la pulsion de mort soit souvent perçu à travers un processus biologique de destruction ou de régression à un état de nirvana comme l’affirme Freud, il est cependant utilisé ici sous une perspective spéculative pour penser son statut en s’inscrivant dans les réflexions qui prendraient part à une confrontation, et dans le même temps, une articulation entre Jacques Lacan et Hegel. De sorte que la mort, à travers la détermination ontologique permet d’ouvrir la voie pour étudier la psychanalyse à la frontière de l’être et du penser, non seulement dans sa dialectique avec le sujet et le signifiant, mais également dans son appartenance, par le sujet et sa pensée à son rapport ineffaçable avec l’impensé, ce qui conduit à la constitution de la dépossession, la perte et la destitution de l’identification du Moi spéculaire.Dans cette perspective, le concept de dialectique constitue le point de départ méthodologique pour réfléchir sur le thème de la mort à partir de son statut logique/ontologique et de son déroulement signifiant soutenu par un “examen” sceptique en tant que moment essentiel de le traitement psychanalytique, conduisant ainsi à rendre compte de la subjectivité et de sa brèche/ faille constitutionnelle comme une menace, toujours présente, de désintégration et de négativité.Quant au scepticisme, il est un autre point de départ à cette réflexion et l’origine d’un déplacement vers un regard de la psychanalyse qui va au-delà du domaine clinique. En partant de la fonction de la négation, qui semble s’inscrire comme énonciation sceptique, et à partir de questions à propos de la dissolution, la disparition ou particulièrement, l’abolition [l’aufhebung] du sujet comme lieu impossible dans sa subjectivité en manque, dont l’expression psychique est en concordance avec la déchirure interne que représente le clivage, manifestée à travers le sujet barré, ce travail considère la possibilité d’un regard ontologique de la psychanalyse. Celui-ci supposerait la mort comme ce qui instaure une expérience scripturaire de négativité et qui va jusqu’à désigner l’espace spécifique de l’activité sceptique comme examen qui dirige l’aspect tragique dans le traitement psyThe theme of the pulsion of death is, sometimes, understood in the light of a biologic principle of destruction or regression to a state of nirvana as stated by Freud, nonetheless, here it is mobilized in a speculative perspective to think its status by inscribing the reflections that would take place in a confrontation and, at the same time, articulation between Jacques Lacan and Hegel. Thus, death, under the ontological determination, allows to open the way to study psychoanalysis at the border between the being and the thinking, not only in its dialectics with the subject and the signifier but also in its belonging, by the subject and his thought, to his/her indelible relation to the unthought which involves the formation of dispossession, loss and removal of the identification of the mirrored self. From this perspective, the concept of dialectics constitutes the methodological starting point to reflect about the theme of death from their logical/ontological status and its significant development mantained by a skeptical “exam” as an essential moment in the psychoanalytic cure, involving the realisation of the subjectivity and its constitutional gap/failure as an ever-present threat of disintegration and negativity.As far as it is concerned, skepticism is another starting point of this reflection and the origin of a shift towards a view of psychoanalysis that goes beyond the clinic. As of the role of negation, which we believe it is inscribed as a skeptical utterance, as well as questions about the dissolution, disappearance or specifically abolition [l'Aufhebung] of the subject as an impossible place in his/her missing subjectivity whose psychic expression is in agreement with the internal tear that means split, manifested through the barred subject. This paper considers the possibility of an ontological view of psychoanalysis that would suppose the death as that that institutes a scripturaire experience of negativity and that even designates the specific space of the skeptical activity as an examination that directs the tragic aspect of the psychoanalytic cure.But, how does this displacement of a psychoanalytic clinic operate towards an ontology of psychoanalysis? What is at stake in the movement of the signifying chain inasmuch so a dialectical process that "remains" and that "opposes/sursumée"? To what extent does skepticism appear as a suitable tool for the "exam" and a particular interpretation not just of the unconscious but, also, of the personal history of the subject in its aspect of their subjectivity dislocated?
El tema de la pulsión de muerte siendo, a menudo, entendido a la luz de un principio biológico de destrucción o regresión a un estado de nirvana tal y como lo afirma Freud, sin embargo, aquí es movilizada en una perspectiva especulativa para pensar su estatuto inscribiéndose en las reflexiones que tomarían partida en una confrontación y, al mismo tiempo, articulación entre Jacques Lacan y Hegel. De suerte que la muerte, bajo la determinación ontológica, permite abrir la vía para estudiar el psicoanálisis en las fronteras entre el ser y el pensar, no solo en su dialéctica con el sujeto y el significante sino también en su pertenencia, por parte del sujeto y su pensamiento, a su relación imborrable con lo impensado lo que conlleva la constitución de la desposesión, la perdida y destitución de la identificación del Yo especular. Desde esta perspectiva, el concepto de dialéctica constituye el punto de inicio metodológico para reflexionar el tema de la muerte a partir de su estatuto lógico/ontológico y su desenvolvimiento significante sostenido por un “examen” escéptico en cuanto momento esencial en la cura psicoanalítica, conllevando así a dar cuenta de la subjetividad y su brecha/falla constitucional como una amenaza siempre presente de desintegración y negatividad. Por su parte, el escepticismo es otro punto de partida de esta reflexión y el origen de un desplazamiento hacia una mirada del psicoanálisis que va mas allá de lo clínico. Partiendo de la función de la negación, que a nuestro parecer se inscribe como enunciación escéptica, así como también de preguntas acerca de la disolución, la desaparición o específicamente la abolición [l’aufhebung] del sujeto como lugar imposible en su subjetividad en falta cuya expresión psíquica esta en concordancia con el desgarro interno que significa la escisión, manifestada a través del sujeto barrado, este trabajo considera la posibilidad de una mirada ontológica del psicoanálisis que supondría la muerte como aquello que instituye una experiencia scripturaire de negatividad y que hasta designa el espacio específico de la actividad escéptica como examen que dirige el aspecto trágico en la cura psicoanalítica. Pero, como se opera este desplazamiento de una clínica psicoanalítica hacia una ontología del psicoanálisis? Qué es lo que está en juego en el movimiento de la cadena significante en cuanto un proceso dialectico que « permanece » y que se « opone/sursumée » ? En qué medida el escepticismo aparece como una herramienta apropiada para el “examen” y una interpretación particular no solo del inconsciente sino, también, de la historia personal del sujeto en su aspecto de su subjetividad dislocada?Apoyándonos en algunos elementos del pensamiento Hegeliano como las determinaciones-de-reflexión, la lógica de la Esencia, la diferencia y la contradicción y, en particular, sobre los textos de Lacan relacionado con el goce, la falta y el Otro esta investigación interroga la lógica/ontológica de la muerte para postular una apertura del psicoanálisis
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Silva, Alcenísio José de Jesus. "Probabilidades negativas e tomografia de Qubits." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4997.
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Previous issue date: 2007-03-28Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
In this dissertation we approached the tomography of discrete systems, understood as the representation and the reconstruction of states. For the tomography we used distribution functions of symmetrical pseudo-probabilities. The coefficients of the distribution function of "probabilities" are "joint probabilities", that eventually can be negative, associated to incompatible observables. The "negative probabilities" contains not only information about the measurements of counts, but also on the quantum state of the systems. We present the argument of Scully, Walther and Schleich that uses double slit interference to give a meaning to the "negative probabilities" and we propose one alternative example using beam splitters and an single photon. Like this, moreover we define distribution functions based in generalized quantization axes for any directions, we present the physical interpretation of the resulting "negative probabilities". We showed the reason because all explanation usually done to justify "negative probabilities" seems to be contradictory and are not convincing. Is the interpretation of the "negative probabilities" that retain the heart, not only of the present work, but also, of the whole Quantum Mechanics, its only mystery, as Feynman says
Nesta dissertação abordamos a tomografia de sistemas discretos, entendida como a representação e a reconstrução de estados. Para a tomografia utilizamos funções distribuição de pseudo-probabilidades simétricas. Os coeficientes dessa função distribuição de "probabilidades" são "probabilidades conjuntas", que eventualmente podem ser negativas, associadas a observáveis incompatíveis. As "probabilidades negativas" contém não só informação sobre as medições de contagens, mas também sobre o estado quântico dos sistemas. Apresentamos o argumento de Scully, Walther e Schleich que utiliza interferência na dupla-fenda para dar um significado às "probabilidades negativas" e propomos um exemplo alternativo utilizando divisores de feixe e um único fóton. Assim, além de definir funções de distribuição baseadas em eixos de quantização generalizados para direções quaisquer, apresentamos a interpretação física das "probabilidades negativas" decorrentes. Mostramos porque toda explicação que possa ser feita para justificar "probabilidade negativa" parece ser contraditória e não é convincente. É na interpretação das pseudo-probabilidades onde está o coração não só do presente trabalho, mas também, de toda a Mecânica Quântica, o seu único mistério, como diz Feynman
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Nuñez, Zuñiga Teresa Esther. "Sintese e aplicações de indutancias negativas." [s.n.], 2002. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/260862.
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Orientador: Jose Antenor PomilioTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação
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Resumo: Esta tese apresenta métodos para a síntese de indutâncias negativas, bem como suas aplicações e estudos de estabilidade. Este comportamento não-natural é analisado com base em modelagem matemática, simulações e resultados experimentais. São apresentados métodos já descritos na literatura, como o VAPAR e o BVI, bem como uma metodologia alternativa, a SDR, que apresenta vantagens em aplicações em que a indutância negativa é inserida em série em um circuito elétrico. Todos os três métodos utilizam conversores CC-CA para realizar a síntese da tensão exigida. As aplicações estudadas são a correção do fator de potência, a regulação de tensão e a compensação de linhas de transmissão
Abstract: This doctorate dissertation presents methods for emulating negative inductance, as well as their applications and stability analysis. Such non-natural behavior is analyzed based on mathematical modeling, circuit simulations and experimental results. Previously presented synthesis methods, the VAPAR and the BVI are described, and a new strategy, called SDR is introduced. The SDR method is useful when the negative inductance is series connected to an electrical circuit. All the methods use a DC-AC converter for synthesizing the necessary voltage. The applications include power factor correction, voltage regulation and transmission line compensation
Doutorado
Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica
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Amaiz, Alfredo R. "Palabras-n en contextos no negativos." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/103569.
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Gomes, Helena Margarida dos Santos Vasconcelos. "Matrizes não negativas e decomposições matriciais." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/4854.
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Mestrado em MatemáticaEste trabalho apresenta o estudo de algumas propriedades de matrizes não negativas, nomeadamente propriedades espectrais e estruturais dessa classe de matrizes, e alguns dos resultados mais ~mportantesp ara esse estudo como o Teorema de Gerggorin e o Teorema de Perron-Frobenius. São ainda estudadas algumas decomposiq6es matriciais bem como a sua importância no desenvolvimento de eficientes métodos iterativos. Nesse estudo destacam-se alguns conceitos como a monotonia de matrizes, 2-matrizes e M-matrizes. Por fim, e com o intuito de estimar o erro de discretização de equaçães diferenciais ordinárias, sCio apresentadas duas aplicaçbes recorrendo ao estudo da monotonia de matrizes e aos limites para normas de inversas de matrizes monótonas.
This work presents the study of some properties of nonnegative matrices, spectral and structural properties of this class of matrices, and some of the most important results for this study as the GerSgorin Theorem and the Perron- -Frobenius Theorem. There is also the study of some matricial splittings as well as their importante in the development of efficient iterative methods. In this study some concepts are distinguished such as the matrix monotonicity, Z-matrices and M-matrices. Finally, and with the purpose of estimating the discretization error of ordinary differencial equations, two applications are presented appealing to the çtudy of the matrix monotonicity and limits for norms of inverse of monotone matrices.
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Ramachandran, Subhadra. "Negativity in Tamil: Untying the undefinable not." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7632.
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This thesis considers topics in the area of negation-NPI-licensing and the scope interaction of quantifiers with negation. No prior approaches have been able to answer questions that might lead to a standard and uniform analysis of negative polarity items across languages. We explain NPI-licensing by means of a semantico-pragmatic outlook. We consider non-truthfunctional aspects of meaning which imply that certain pragmatic conditions are necessary for a sentence to be fully understood in the context of discourse. It becomes easier to argue that negation, be it overt or covert, is the only licenser for NPIs; and chances of major cross-linguistic variation are nullified in this generalization and subsuming all categories of licensers under the nomenclature of Negative Implicature Terms. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Dugdale, Antony L. (Antony Lee). "Silent prayers : Derridean negativity and negative theology." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69603.
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Jacques Derrida's lecture entitled "How to Avoid Speaking: Denials", given in Jerusalem in 1986, responds both to those who subsume his project within negative theology and to those that ignore their interrelation. The former fail to see that while negative theology is oriented towards ineffable union with the divine, deconstruction radically denies the possibility of this union. The latter, however, read negative theology solely in the context of this ineffable union, ignoring the possibility of a second apophatic language whose critique of language is itself so radical that it engages in a paradoxcical self-critique that denies, if not union itself, at least the possibility of speaking about union. This second, concurrent language has a distinct family resemblance to Derrida's own deconstructive project, for it embraces the radically negative denials of differance. This study will first present a critique of those who offer either an affirmative or negative answer to the question "Is deconstruction a form of negative theology?", arguing instead that Derrida denies all answers. Its final step will analyze the similarities between negative theology's escape from the silence of pure denial--prayer--and Derrida's own means of escaping the silence summoned when he asks: "How to avoid speaking?"
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OLIVEIRA, MARIANNA TAMBORINDEGUY DE. "TRAUMA, REPETITION AND DEATH DRIVE: NECESSARY NEGATIVITY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2014. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=25546@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo a análise e articulação dos conceitos de trauma, repetição e pulsão de morte em Freud, embora algumas contribuições de psicanalistas pós-freudianos também sejam consideradas. A riqueza dos conceitos em questão se apresenta pelo seguinte paradoxo: ao mesmo tempo em que testemunham um limite do aparelho psíquico, lançam para o trabalho. O que motiva essa pesquisa, portanto, é justamente a indagação sobre as vicissitudes destes limites - limite do psiquismo e da representação, com o intuito de problematizá-los. Pois é preciso pensar sempre em uma dupla potencialidade do que se apresenta como limite: por um lado potência de abertura e por outro, agente de fechamento. Não queremos com isso diminuir a importância da representação no trabalho analítico como objetivo essencial, mas apontar para a importância da valorização e discriminação de modos de trabalho do psiquismo que não o trabalho representacional, buscando enfatizar a importância da negatividade para a o enriquecimento e complexificação do psiquismo.
The purpose of this thesis is to analyse and articulate the concepts of trauma, repetition and death drive in Freud, although some contributions of post-freudian psychoanalysts will also be considered. The richness of these concepts can be sustained by the following paradox: they witness a limit of the psychic apparatus, at the same time that lances it for work. What motivates this research, therefore, is precisely the question about the vicissitudes of these limits - limits of the psyche and representation, in order to discuss them. One must always think about a dual capability that presents itself as a limit: one for the power of opening, and the other as a closing agent. This is not to diminish the importance of the representation in an analytical work as an essential goal, but to point out the importance of the valuation and discrimination of other working modes of the psyche rather than a representational work, in order to emphasize the importance of negativity for the enrichment and complexity of the psyche.
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De, Freitas Leslie J. (Leslie Jill). "The syntax of sentential negation : interactions with case, agreement, and (in)definiteness." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41360.
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This thesis undertakes to refine our understanding of the syntactic properties of sentential negation. The proposed analyses operate at the juncture of recent innovations to Case, Agreement, and X-bar theories, within a Government and Binding framework. Case is checked in a Specifier/Head configuration whenever possible, and agreement is analyzed as the reflex of a Case-checking operation at S-structure. The proposal that the inventory of functional categories available in Universal Grammar includes a Negation Phrase (NegP) is adopted as a point of departure.In the context of this investigation, certain syntactic properties are attributed to the head and specifier of NegP. It is proposed that the specifier of NegP provides an A-position in which NPs may be Case-checked. S-structure Case-checking is reflected in agreement marking on the negative head. Evidence for LF Case-checking in this position is derived from the Case-licensing of direct objects in negated clauses in Colloquial Welsh and Russian. Definiteness effects are analyzed as due to constraints on an additional Case-licensing option required if negation blocks Case assignment under government. Variations in agreement patterns in affirmative and negative relative clauses in Literary and Colloquial Welsh are attributed to the barrier status of the head of NegP.
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Rueda, Rueda Mercedes. "Los términos negativos en español : aproximación diacrónica /." León : Centro de Estudios Metodológicos e Interdisciplinares, Univ. de León, 1997. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sub-hamburg/23627533X.pdf.
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Egewarth, Caroline Inês. "A prática de perguntar com partículas negativas." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2016. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/5256.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Diese Masterarbeit handelt von einer Analyse der Übung des Fragens mit negativen Partikeln. Wir verstehen die Übung des Fragens als ein Fragenformat, mit dem verschiedene soziale Handlungen durchgeführt werden können (um etwas bitten, einladen, bieten etc.). Die Studie von Heritage (2002) über die Übung des Fragens mit negativen Partikeln bei der Handlung um Information zu bitten ergab, dass diese Übung des Fragens als mehr durchsetzend von den Sprechern angenommen wird, und Zustimmung oder Ablehnung sucht, nicht die Antworten "Ja" oder "Nein" . Informationsanfragen wurden auch von Park (2008) beschrieben und sie zeigte, dass das Wissen des Sprechers, der die Handlung erzeugt, ist fast auf einem gleichen Niveau als das Wissen des anderen Sprechers. Da diese Studien mit der englischen und koreanischen Sprache gemacht wurden, fragen wir: Welchen Sinn geben die Sprechern der Übung des Fragens mit negativen Partikeln in brasilianischem Portugiesisch? Diese Forschung wird auf diese Lücke basiert. Unser Ziel ist zu beschreiben, welche Handlungen durch die Übung des Fragens mit negativen Partikeln durchgeführt werden, auβerdem werden Präferenzorganisation (POMERANTZ, 1984; POMERANTZ; HERITAGE, 2013) und cross-cutting preference (SCHEGLOFF, 2007) beschrieben. Die theoretische und methodische Grundlage dieser Arbeit ist die ethnomethodologische Gesprächsanalyse (Sacks; Schegloff; Jefferson, 1974). Wir analysierten 20 Übungen des Fragens bei Gespräche, die mit Ton und Video aufgenommen wurden, während geburtshilflichen und morphologischen Ultraschalluntersuchungen, Echokardiographien und genetische Beratungen. Die Untersuchungen und Beratungen finden in einem Sektor statt, in dem Frauen in der Schwangerschaft mittleren oder hohen Risiko eines Mutterschafts betreut werden, durch Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) in Südbrasilien. Die Forschungsergebnisse weisen auf zwei verschiedenen Ebenen, für die die negativen Partikeln relevant sind: die Ebene des Satzes und die Ebene der Handlung. Wenn es um die Ebene des Satzes geht, bestreitet die negative Patikel der runde Satz, das heißt, alle Tatsachen oder Situationen werden verweigert. In diesen Fällen, zeigt der Sprecher einen höheren epistemischen Grad. Die Ebene der Handlung, andererseits, verneint keine Situation, sondern spielt eine Rolle bei der produzierten Handlung und bei der Sequenzialität des Gesprächs. Es ist nicht die Negation vom Satz. In diesen Exzerpten wurde weniger Kenntnisse des Fragenden beobachtet. Wir analysieren auch die Übung des Fragens mit dem Ausdruck „Eu não vou“ („Ich werde nicht“), in dem eine negative Antwort die Präferenz bekommt und der eine Beziehung zu zukünftigen Situationen der Schwangere hat. In den Übungen des Fragens, welche Handlung um etwas zu bitten ist, sind Legitimation und Kontingenz wichtig bei der Ausübung der Handlung. Wir schließen beim Fazit, die Negation kann bei der Übung des Fragens eine wichtige Interaktionsstrategie sein. Deshalb, ist es wichtig diese Strategien zu kennen, um Verständigung zu erreichen, nicht nur zwischen Patienten und Ärzten.
Esta dissertação de mestrado analisa a prática de perguntar com partículas negativas. Entendemos a prática de perguntar como um formato de pergunta com o qual se pode desempenhar diversas ações (pedir, convidar, oferecer etc.). O estudo realizado por Heritage (2002) sobre a prática de perguntar com partículas negativas na ação de solicitar informação revelou que essa prática é tratada pelos interagentes como mais assertiva, além de buscar concordância ou discordância, não as respostas ‘sim’ ou ‘não’. Descrevendo solicitações de informação também, Park (2008) evidenciou que o conhecimento de quem produz a ação está quase no mesmo patamar que o conhecimento demonstrado pelo interagente para quem se solicita a informação. Tendo em vista que esses estudos foram produzidos com o olhar para a língua inglesa e coreana, questionamos: qual sentido os interagentes atribuem para a prática de perguntar com partículas negativas no português brasileiro? É com base nessa lacuna que esta pesquisa é desenvolvida. Objetivamos descrever quais ações são desempenhadas através da prática de perguntar com partículas negativas, além de investigar a organização de preferência (POMERANTZ, 1984; POMERANTZ; HERITAGE, 2013) e cross-cutting preference (SCHEGLOFF, 2007) nas ações descritas. O aparato teórico-metodológico utilizado nesta dissertação é a Análise da Conversa de base etnometodológica (SACKS; SCHEGLOFF; JEFFERSON, 1974). Analisamos 20 práticas de perguntar de interações gravadas em áudio e vídeo durante exames de ecografia obstétrica e morfológica, ecocardiografia e consultas de aconselhamento genético. Os exames e consultas ocorrem em um setor que atende mulheres em gestação de médio ou alto risco de um hospital materno infantil do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), localizado no sul do Brasil. Os resultados da investigação apontam para dois níveis distintos em que a partícula negativa é relevante: o nível da proposição do turno de fala e o nível da ação da pergunta. Quando se trata do nível da proposição, a partícula negativa nega a proposição do turno, ou seja, nega algum fato ou situação. Nessas ocorrências, o interagente que produz a pergunta demonstra alto grau epistêmico. O nível de ação, por outro lado, está envolvido com a relevância da partícula negativa no curso da ação realizada e com a sequencialidade da interação, não é a negação de alguma proposição. Nesses excertos foi observado um conhecimento menor por parte de quem faz a pergunta. Também analisamos a prática de perguntar com a expressão “eu não vou”, em que se observou a preferência por uma segunda parte do par em formato negativo e a relação com alguma situação do futuro de quem produz o turno. Nas práticas de perguntar cuja ação é produzir um pedido, tornam-se relevantes a legitimidade em realizar o pedido e as contingências envolvidas em sua execução. Concluímos que a negação na prática de perguntar pode ser uma estratégia interacional importante, portanto ter conhecimento sobre essa estratégia pode servir para alcançar entendimento nas interações, não somente entre pacientes e médicos.
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Passoni, João Carlos. "(Pré-) álgebra: introduzindo os números inteiros negativos." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2002. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11228.
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Previous issue date: 2002-05-22This research is mainly concerned with the convenience and viability of introducing nine-year-old students to the study of the integers and of (pre-)Algebra. We begin with the integers and use their additive structure to model and solve additive problems, with special attention to the problems proposed by Vergnaud in 1976. The point here is to show that students can more easily solve problems, if we use the additive structure of the integers and some (very little) amount of algebraic manipulation, than by considering the addition and subtraction of natural numbers. The theoretical background is provided by some ideas of Raymond Duval related to the role that representations play in the understanding of mathematics. The aim is to enable the students to transform intentional treatments upon semiotic representations into quasiinstantaneous treatments. A consistent and sistematic effort is made to achieve this goal. The main emphasis is placed in the sum of integers. We performed a series of activities with thirty-eight students (average age 9) of a private elementary school in the city of São Paulo. We arrived at satisfactory results
O tema central deste trabalho é o estudo da possibilidade e da conveniência de ensinar estudantes de nove anos a trabalhar com números inteiros e com noções de (pré-)Álgebra. Começamos com o estudo dos inteiros e usamos sua estrutura aditiva para modelar e resolver problemas aditivos, dando especial atenção aos que foram propostos por Vergnaud em 1976. Aqui, a principal preocupação é mostrar que os estudantes podem resolver problemas de maneira mais fácil se usarmos os inteiros e uma pequena dose de manipulação algébrica em vez de utilizar a adição e a subtração dos naturais. Do ponto de vista teórico, apoiamo-nos em algumas idéias de Raymond Duval relacionadas ao papel que as representações desempenham na compreensão da Matemática. A meta é tornar os estudantes capazes de transformar tratamentos intencionais de representações semióticas em tratamentos quase-instantâneos. Um esforço sistemático e consistente foi feito nessa direção. A principal ênfase foi posta na adição de inteiros. As atividades foram desenvolvidas com 38 crianças de nove anos de uma escola particular da cidade de São Paulo. Os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios
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Silva, Joana Santos Lima da. "Conservação de negativos em triacetato de celulose." Master's thesis, FCT - UNL, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/2379.
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Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Conservação e Restauro (Área de Fotografia)Os negativos fotográficos em triacetato de celulose (TAC) apresentam uma deterioração rápida e irreversível, conhecida como síndrome do vinagre. Os esforços feitos para contornar este perigoso fenómeno incidem essencialmente em processos de preservação, como é o caso do Arquivo Fotográfico de Lisboa, onde foi tratada uma colecção de negativos de acetato de celulose. Foi efectuada a sua descrição, digitalização e acondicionamento a baixa temperatura. Foi ainda realizado um estudo da influência de diferentes tratamentos na conservação de negativos em TAC, procurando novas soluções para retardar a deterioração deste material. Para tal, realizou-se um envelhecimento acelerado de dois tipos de negativos em TAC, expostos a altas temperaturas (70°C e 90°C) e humidades relativas (60% e 80%). As amostras foram submetidas a diferentes tratamentos de limpeza: i) água, ii) solução alcalina (NaCH3COO), iii) vapores alcalinos (NH3), e iv) nanopartículas de Ca(OH)2 em isopropanol. Foi feito um estudo comparativo entre as amostras tratadas e não tratadas, e com filmes de TAC manufacturados, através da sua análise por microscopia óptica, espectroscopia FTIR, viscosimetria capilar e digitalização. Quatro amostras do Arquivo em diferentes estados de conservação foram igualmente caracterizadas por FTIR. O tratamento das nanopartículas foi avaliado por microscopia electrónica de varrimento.
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Carstens, Andries Theunis. "Digitising photographic negatives and prints for preservation." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1355.
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A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE FACULTY OF INFORMATICS AND DESIGN
OF THE CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY IN FULFILMENT OF
THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MAGISTER TECHNOLOGIAE
PHOTOGRAPHY
CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
2013This study deals with the pitfalls and standards associated with the digitisation of photographic artefacts in formal collections. The popularity of the digital medium caused a rapid increase in the demand for converting images into digital files. The need for equipment capable of executing the task successfully, the pressure on collection managers to display their collections to the world and the demand for knowledge needed by managers and operators created pressure to perform optimally and often in great haste. As a result of the rush to create digital image files to be displayed and to be preserved, the decisions that are being made may be questionable. The best choice of file formats for longevity, setting and maintaining standards to guarantee quality digital files and consultation with experts in the field of digitisation as well as attention to best practices are important aspects which must be considered. In order to determine the state of affairs in countries with an advanced knowledge and experience in the field of digitisation, a comprehensive literature study was done. It was found that enough information exists to enable collection managers in South Africa to make well informed decisions to ensure a high quality of digital collection. By means of questionnaires, a survey was undertaken amongst selected Western Cape image preservation institutions to determine the level of knowledge of the managers who are required to make informed decisions. The questionnaire was designed to give insight into choices being made regarding the technical quality, workflow and best practice aspects of digitisation. Comparing the outcome of the questionnaires with best practices and recommended standards in countries with an advanced level of experience it was found that not enough of this experience and knowledge is used by local collection managers although readily available. In some cases standards are disregarded completely. The study also investigated by means of questionnaires the perception of the digital preservation of image files by fulltime photographic students and volunteer members of the Photographic Society of South Africa. It was found that uncertainty exist within both groups with regard to file longevity and access to files in five to ten year's time. Digitisation standards are set and maintained by the use of specially designed targets which enable digitising managers to maintain control over the quality of the digital content as well as monitoring of equipment performance. The use of these targets to set standards were investigated and found to be an accurate and easy method of maintaining control over the standard and quality of digital files. Suppliers of digitising equipment very often market their equipment as being of a high quality and being able to fulfil the required digitisation tasks. Testing selected digitising equipment by means of specially designed targets proved however that potential buyers of equipment in the high cost range should be very cautious about suppliers' claims without proof of performance. Using targets to verify performance should be a routine check before any purchase. The study concludes with recommendations of implementing standards and it points to potential future research.
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Di, Pietro Giovanna. "Silver mirroring on silver gelatin glass negatives /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://edoc.unibas.ch/diss/DissB_6232.
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Osmo, Flavio. "Inventário de crenças centrais negativas: propriedades psicométricas." Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, 2017. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/23981.
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FAPESB
Medidas bidimensionais de estilos de apego têm se mostrado capazes de prever diversos fenômenos psicológicos, porém falham quando tentam buscar padrões clínicos consistentes. Por outro lado, a teoria subjacente à terapia cognitiva Beckiana estabeleceu o conceito de crenças centrais, que contribuiu para uma melhor compreensão do fenômeno clínico. Dada a proximidade entre este conceito e o de estilos de apego (estilos de apego podem ser conceituados como esquemas, e crenças como conteúdos específicos dos esquemas), este estudo objetivou desenvolver um instrumento bidimensional de crenças centrais negativas sobre si (CBS) e sobre os outros (CBO), esperando que este, além de conservar a boa performance apresentada pelas medidas de apego, ofereça o benefício adicional de mensurar fenômenos clínicos. São apresentadas evidências de validade e fidedignidade do inventário. Os resultados mostraram que tanto CBS quanto CBO se correlacionam positivamente com experiências negativas na infância, estilos de apego, ansiedade e depressão. Os resultados mostraram também que, quando se controlam os escores de CBS, CBO têm um efeito menor sobre os escores de depressão, o que serve como evidência de validade discriminante da escala.
Two-dimensional attachment styles measures have shown to be capable of predicting several psychological phenomena, although they fail when trying to identify consistent clinical patterns. On the other hand, the underlying theory of Beck's cognitive therapy established the concept of core beliefs, which contributed to a better understanding of the clinical phenomenon. Given the theoretical proximity between core beliefs and attachment styles (attachment styles can be conceptualized as schemas, and beliefs as specific contents of schemas), this study aimed to develop a two-dimensional scale of core beliefs about the self (CBS) and about others (CBO). It is expected that the measure keep the good performance displayed by the attachment styles scales with the added benefit of assessing clinical phenomena. Multiple pieces of evidence of validity and reliability of the scale are presented. Results show that both CBS and CBO positively correlate with negative experiences in childhood, attachment styles, anxiety and depression. Results also show that, when controlled by CBS scores, CBO has a smaller effect on depression scores, which provide evidence for the discriminant validity of the scale.
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Soares, Emília Salgado. "Externalidades negativas e seus impactos no mercado." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/5362.
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Previous issue date: 1999-04-09T00:00:00ZTrata da questão das externalidades negativas, mais especificamente, da poluição do ar na região metropolitana de São Paulo, apresentando como estudo de caso uma indústria petroquímica do complexo de Capuava (Santo André)
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Engeland, Christopher. "Nicotine and the mismatch negativity in Alzheimer's disease." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ27048.pdf.
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Engeland, Christopher (Christopher Gerald) Carleton University Dissertation Psychology. "Nicotine and the mismatch negativity in Alzheimer's disease." Ottawa, 1997.
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Emeriau, Pierre-Emmanuel. "The interplay between quantum contextuality and Wigner negativity." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS419.
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La physique quantique a révolutionné notre façon de concevoir la nature et provoque une nouvelle révolution technologique. L'utilisation de l'information quantique dans la technologie promet de supplanter les dispositifs dits classiques utilisés de nos jours. Il est essentiel de comprendre quelles caractéristiques sont intrinsèquement non classiques pour atteindre des performances supérieures à celles des dispositifs actuels. Cette thèse se concentre sur deux comportements non classiques : la contextualité quantique et la négativité de Wigner. Jusqu'à présent, la contextualité a surtout été étudiée dans des scénarios à variables discrètes, où les observables prennent des valeurs dans des ensembles discrets et généralement finis. Il a été démontré que la contextualité est nécessaire et suffisante pour les avantages dans certains cas. D'autre part, la négativité de la fonction de Wigner est une autre caractéristique non classique troublante des états quantiques qui provient de la formulation de l'espace de phase en optique quantique. La négativité de la fonction de Wigner est connue pour être une ressource nécessaire à l'accélération quantique. Nous établissons un cadre robuste pour traiter la contextualité dans les variables continues. Nous quantifions la contextualité dans de tels scénarios en utilisant des outils de la théorie de l'optimisation en dimension infinie. Nous montrons que la négativité de Wigner est équivalente à la contextualité dans les variables continues pour les mesures de Pauli. Nous introduisons ensuite des témoins expérimentaux pour la négativité de Wigner des états quantiques multimodes, basés sur les fidélités avec les états de FockQuantum physics has revolutionised our way of conceiving nature and is now bringing about a new technological revolution. The use of quantum information in technology promises to supersede the so-called classical devices used nowadays. Understanding what features are inherently non-classical is crucial for reaching better-than-classical performance. This thesis focuses on two nonclassical behaviours: quantum contextuality and Wigner negativity. To date, contextuality has mostly been studied in discrete-variable scenarios, where observables take values in discrete and usually finite sets. In those scenarios, contextuality has been shown to be necessary and sufficient for advantages in some cases. On the other hand, negativity of the Wigner function is another unsettling non-classical feature of quantum states that originates from phase-space formulation in quantum optics. Wigner negativity is known to be a necessary resource for quantum speedup. We set out a robust framework for properly treating contextuality in continuous variables. We quantify contextuality in such scenarios by using tools from infinite-dimensional optimisation theory. Building upon this, we show that Wigner negativity is equivalent to contextuality in continuous variables with respect to Pauli measurements. We then introduce experimentally-friendly witnesses for Wigner negativity of multimode quantum states, based on fidelities with Fock states which again uses infinite-dimensional linear programming techniques. We further extend the range of previously known discrete-variable results linking contextuality and advantage into a new territory of discrete variable information retrieval
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Piñar, Larrubia Pilar. "Negative polarity licensing and negative concord in the Romance languages." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187478.
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The purpose of this study is to contribute to the investigation of the semantics and syntax of Negative Words (N-words) in negative concord languages, with a focus on Spanish. An in-depth look into the syntactic behavior as well as into the meaning of terms such as nadie 'nobody', nada 'nothing', nunca 'never', etc., will provide some insight into the controversial nature of these words in the Romance languages as well as a better understanding of their peculiar pattern of distribution. On a larger picture, a thorough investigation of the semantics and syntax of these items will, in turn, contribute to a better understanding of the nature of negative polarity items in general. Thus, as I just anticipated, my conclusion is that N-words are in fact equivalent to negative polarity items, and that the phenomenon of negative concord, by which, in some languages, various negative items contribute only one semantic negation to a sentence, is a subcase of the crosslinguistic phenomenon of negative polarity licensing. In this respect, my analysis of N-words builds on the analyses of Bosque (1980) and Laka (1990). I base my conclusion that N-words are negative polarity items upon an extensive survey of comparative data coming from different Romance languages as well as from English, and I bring up new data and arguments supporting my view on the issue. In addition to arguing for the negative polarity nature of N-words, I also explore the extent to which syntactic operations are involved in the licensing of N-words, and I provide evidence showing that N-word licensing does not directly involve syntactic movement (contra most standard assumptions). Finally, in my investigation of the nature of N-words, I go beyond simply identifying them as negative polarity items. Specifically, I look deeply into the logicosemantic contribution of N-words, and I present arguments and data showing that N-words do not have either negative or any other kind of quantificational force. Rather, as I argue, they are better characterized as logicosemantic variables (in the sense of Kamp 1981 and Heim 1982.) In this regard, I depart from Bosque's (1980) and Laka's (1990) characterization of N-words. My view is more radical than theirs in that I do not just claim that N-words do not have inherent negative content, but also that they do not have any quantificational force of their own at all.
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Faria, Helder Henrique de [UNESP]. "Eficácia de gestão de unidades de conservação gerenciadas pelo Instituto Florestal de São Paulo, Brasil." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101436.
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faria_hh_dr_prud.pdf: 3211857 bytes, checksum: 9ad3025abd233237d0db8dd14cb505ac (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Para muitos autores, as unidades de conservação da natureza, ou áreas protegidas, são ou serão os últimos baluartes da conservação estrita da biodiversidade, sendo esta razão, não excludente de outras, a principal motivadora para a existência de uma gestão verdadeiramente eficaz, que conduza ao alcance dos objetivos para os quais elas são criadas. A avaliação da eficácia de gestão através de procedimentos metodológicos estruturados com base na utilização de indicadores é uma importante ferramenta de suporte à gestão, pois possibilita a coleta periódica e sistemática sobre a qualidade da gestão, facilita a priorização de assistências e investimentos pontuais e a realimentação do sistema gerencial. Nesta pesquisa, verificou-se a eficácia de gestão de unidades de conservação de São Paulo adotando-se e adaptando-se um procedimento metodológico desenvolvido originalmente na Costa Rica, posteriormente adaptado à realidade das unidades de conservação de vários países da América Latina. Os princípios do procedimento são o uso de indicadores e critérios estritos para a qualificação, associados a uma escala de valoração geral. O universo do estudo envolveu 59 áreas gerenciadas pelo Instituto Florestal de São Paulo, sendo 41 do grupo de proteção integral e 18 do grupo de uso sustentável, totalizando 69% do total das UCs e quase 90% da superfície total sob a guarda da organização, representando 782.622,25ha. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se a bibliografia disponível sobre o sistema em análise, oficinas de avaliação coletiva, entrevistas e visitas a áreas previamente selecionadas. A análise dos indicadores e das ameaças demonstraram as debilidades da organização e a fragilidade com que a gestão de muitas unidades de conservação é levada a termo...
For many authors, the conservation units (UCs) or protected areas are or will be the last bastions of the strict conservation of biodiversity, being this reason (not exculpatory of others) one of the main reasons for the existence of a truly effective management, that leads to the reach of the objectives for which they are created. The evaluation of the effectiveness management through structuralized procedures on the basis of the use of pointers is an important tool of support to the management, therefore it makes possible the periodic and systematic collection on the quality of the management, it makes easier and gives priority to help and prompt investments and the feedback of the management system. In this research adopting themselves developed methodological procedure from Costa Rica, later adapted to the reality of the protected areas of some countries from Latin America. The principles of the procedure are the strict use of indicators and criteria for the qualification, associates to a scale of general valuation. The universe of the study involved 59 protected areas managed for the Forest Institute of São Paulo, being 41 of the group of integral protection and 18 of the group of sustainable use, totalizing 69% of the total of UCs and almost 90% of the total surface under the guard of the organization, representing 782.622,25ha. For the data collection, has been used available bibliography on the system in analysis, workshops of collective evaluation, interviews and technical visits the areas previously selected. The indicators and the threats analysis had demonstrated to the debility of the organization and the fragility with that the management of many units of conservation is taken the term. The majority of the UCs had the management classified as inferior and medium standards of quality, demonstrating as many negative aspects as positive, unfortunately reigning the first ones... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)