Academic literature on the topic 'Nématodes – Analyse'
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Journal articles on the topic "Nématodes – Analyse"
Reversat, Georges, Jean-Pierre Rossi, and Pierre Bernhard. "Analyse des courbes de survie de nématodes phytoparasites selon le modèle de Teissier." Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series III - Sciences de la Vie 320, no. 3 (March 1997): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0764-4469(97)86934-x.
Full textPopeijus, Herman, Vivian Blok, Linda Cardle, Erin Bakker, Mark Phillips, Johannes Helder, Geert Smant, and John Jones. "Analysis of genes expressed in second stage juveniles of the potato cyst nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida using the expressed sequence tag approach." Nematology 2, no. 5 (2000): 567–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100509358.
Full textSchierenberg, Einhard. "Early development of nematode embryos: differences and similarities." Nematology 2, no. 1 (2000): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100508890.
Full textPiggott, Simon, Roland Perry, and Denis Wright. "Hypo-osmotic regulation in entomopathogenic nematodes: Steinernema spp. and Heterorhabditis spp." Nematology 2, no. 5 (2000): 561–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100509349.
Full textHostachy, B., P. Quénéhervé, E. Van Den Berg, and P. Topart. "Analyse Écologique De La Spécificité Parasitaire Des Nématodes Phytoparasites Associés à Quelques Plantes Ornementales Cultivées à la Martinique." Nematologica 43, no. 2 (1997): 214–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/004825997x00088.
Full textBastiaensen, P., P. Dorny, K. Batawui, A. Boukaya, A. Napala, and Guy Hendrickx. "Parasitisme des petits ruminants dans la zone périurbaine de Sokodé, Togo. II. Caprins." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 56, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2003): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9875.
Full textRenault, Lionel, Didier Mugniéry, Michel Bossis, and Christophe Tastet. "Protein variation in tropical Meloidogyne spp. as shown by two-dimensional electrophoregram computed analysis." Nematology 2, no. 3 (2000): 343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100509105.
Full textBastiaensen, P., P. Dorny, K. Batawui, A. Boukaya, A. Napala, and Guy Hendrickx. "Parasitisme des petits ruminants dans la zone périurbaine de Sokodé, Togo. I. Ovins." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 56, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2003): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9874.
Full textMwageni, Werner, Vivian Blok, Andrew Daudi, George Bala, Keith Davies, Casper Netscher, Abdoussalam Sawadogo, et al. "The importance of tropical root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) and factors affecting the utility of Pasteuria penetrans as a biocontrol agent." Nematology 2, no. 8 (2000): 823–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100750112789.
Full textCoomans, August. "Nematode systematics: past, present and future." Nematology 2, no. 1 (2000): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100508845.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Nématodes – Analyse"
Garcia, Nathan. "Analyse exploratoire des variables structurant la capacité des communautés de nématodes phytoparasites à limiter l’implantation du nématode d e quarantaine Meloidogyne chitwoodi." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NSARC132/document.
Full textPlant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) are microscopic worms that occur in communities in almost every agricultural soils. Commonly found PPN are usually harmless for the plants. However, M. chitwoodi, a PPN highly regulated in EU can induce important yield losses. In order to improve risk assessment of M. chitwoodi implantation, we studied French native PPN communities to identify those that can limit its establishment shortly after an introduction. We firstly described PPN communities in various agrosystems, at a landscape scale and then in nine French regions. Despite the quite homogeneous species richness observed across the fields sampled, we highlighted strong PPN taxa abundance variations. Environmental variables seemed to mainly drive the PPN communities structure at a large geographic scale but cultural practices(tillage and pesticides uses) seemed to explain the communities variation at the local scale. Secondly, we studied the capacity of different PPN communities to limit M. chitwoodi development through competition. It appeared that PPN communities with high global abundance, regardless of the taxa present, are able to decrease M. chitwoodi multiplication. The results of this PhD thesis bring some elements about the structure and functioning of PPN communities in French fields and their ability to reduce the M. chitwoodi establishment in order to predict its implantation risk
Dubreuil, Géraldine. "Analyse moléculaire et fonctionnelle des effecteurs du parasitisme des nématodes à galle Meloidogyne spp." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE4036.
Full textLes nématodes à galle du genre Meloidogyne sont des vers microscopiques biotrophes, endoparasites obligatoires des racines. Lors de l’interaction compatible, la larve de second stade (L2) pénètre dans la racine, migre de façon intercellulaire, se sédentarise et initie la formation d’un site nourricier formé de 5 à 7 cellules géantes dans la zone du cylindre vasculaire. Les protéines des sécrétions des nématodes jouent un rôle majeur lors de l’interaction plante/nématode. Les sécrétions du stylet sont produites dans les glandes oesophagiennes et injectées dans la racine au cours du parasitisme. L’objectif de ce travail était d’abord d’identifier les fonctions biologiques impliquées dans l’adaptation du parasite à l’environnement de la plante et dans la modulation des défenses de la plante. Par une approche différentielle et une approche gène candidat, des protéines de fonction inconnue, des protéases, une protéine potentiellement sécrétée, une glutathion S-transférase (GST) et une péroxirédoxine (PRX) ont été identifiées. La GST, localisée dans les glandes œsophagiennes, est présente dans les sécrétions du stylet de L2 infestantes de M. Incognita. La PRX est localisée au niveau du pore excréteur des L2 et de l’hypoderme des stades sédentaires. Le rôle de ces deux protéines dans le processus parasitaire est discuté. L’analyse fonctionnelle de gènes du nématode est limitée par l’absence d’outils de transformation. L’efficacité transitoire de l’ARN interférence pour inhiber des gènes du parasitisme dans les L2 a été démontrée. Afin de garantir un « silencing » durable, la mise au point d’un nouvel outil sera développée dans une dernière partie
Liu, Mingyuan. "Sélection et analyse génétique de la variabilité des isolats chinois de "Trichinella" : caractérisation de gènes conservés ou spécifiques de stade du genre "Trichinella"." Paris 12, 2004. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990003947500204611&vid=upec.
Full textMore than 25000 human trichinellosis cases were reported with a mortality of 1% in China during the last 25 years. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of genomic DNA and random amplified polymorphic cDNA (RAPD) were used to define genetic variability among French and Chinese Trichinella isolates. In order to identify genes encoding immunodominant antigens two strategies were performed 1) conserved gene coding for putative conserved antigen (like HSP) were cloned and analyzed ; two genes were fully characterized 2) Stage specific genes were selected after subtractive hybridization of adult and new born larvae (NBL) stegas with the muscular stage of Trichinella spiralis. Nucleotidic sequences encoding glycoproteins, proteases, transcriptional factors were isolated and the full coding sequences of three genes was analyzed. The putative biological functions in the process of the Nurse cell formation of two NBL stage-specific DNase II genes were suggested and discussed
Pate, Emmanuelle. "Analyse spatio-temporelle des peuplements de nématodes du sol dans les systèmes de culture à jachères, au Sénégal." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10365.
Full textTruong, Nhat My. "Analyse fonctionnelle des effecteurs nucléaires du parasitisme des nématodes à galle Meloidogyne incognita et caractérisation de leurs cibles végétales." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR4149.
Full textThe root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita is among the most devastating plant pathogens
Saffih-Hdadi, Kawtar. "Analyse couplée du devenir du parathion et du paraoxon dans le sol et leur impact écotoxicologique sur les Nématodes." Avignon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AVIG0608.
Full textGaba, Sabrina. "Processus impliqués dans la résistance aux benzimidazoles chez les nematodes d'ovins : des données biologiques à la modelisation." Tours, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOUR4017.
Full textMutation of a trait and selection of the new mutant form is the key step of adaptation to environmental selective pressure. The resistance to benzimidazoles (anthelmintic treatments) of the nematodes Teladorsagia circumcincta, parasites of small ruminants (sheep) in a suitable model to study this process. The genetics of the resistance is well documented (one gene with two alleles) but the mechanisms governing selection still need to be disentangled. The early stage of selection of resistant strains cannot be studied experimentally and modelling is the only available approach. To characterize the processes involved in the selection of the resistance to benzimidazoles in T. Circumcicta, (i) we used a meta-analysis to identify the main factors governing the establishment of nematodes in sheep populations, (ii) we promoted the Weibull distribution rather than the Negative Binomial to describe the large numbers of nematodes observed in the most infected hosts and (iii) we investigated the effect of hypobiosis (arrested development) on the host-parasite dynamics. A simulation study, aiming to aggregate the knowledge on the T. Cicumcincta-sheep system, proved that the selection of the resistance to benzimidazoles was mainly affected by (i) the ingestion of clumps of infective larvae in the early stage of resistance selection and (ii) the refuge constituted by susceptible infective larvae remaining on pasture and by susceptible nematodes not exposed to treatments in sheep. We propose management rules in order to maintain selection for resistance as low as possible. It remains to extend this study to other nematodes species by adapting the parameters involved in the models. A further investigation of other potential refuges is also needed, of which refuge-effect of hypobiosis is of particular interest
De, la Chevrotière Claudia. "Analyse de la variabilité génétique de la résistance aux strongles gastro-intestinaux chez les chèvres créoles à des fins de sélection et de compréhension des mécanismes." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AGUY0407/document.
Full textThe two main objectives of this work are to propose tools for the selection of resistant animals to gastrointestinal nematodes and advance knowledge on mechanisms of resistance of creole goats. this work has analysed the genetic variability of resistance to digestive parasitism in order to determine which criteria best describes the resistance and can be use for selection. the overall results suggest that the egg excretion and the eosinophilia are the criteria most suitable for a breeding scheme because they have moderate heritability estimates and best represent the resistance. moreover, they do not seem in conflict with the weight, the main criterion of production. the genetic determinism of resistance to gastrointestinal parasites has been studied and has highlighted the existence of a major gene for resistance in creole goats. in addition, the primodetection of qtl identified 13 genomic regions that affect the resistance. the mechanisms behind the resistance to gastrointestinal parasites were also studied and first hypothesis regarding the involvment of the immune response in resistance have been made in goats. the overall results highlighted the role of eosinophils in the development of resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes. the activity of immunoglobulin e seems directed toward l3 larvae of haemonchus contortus and may be imply in the establishment of a protective response agasint nematode parasites. in creole goats, these two mechanisms seem to play an important role in the development of resistance to gastrointestinal nematode infections
Brunet, Séverine. "Analyse des mécanismes d'action antiparasitaire de plantes riches en substances polyphénoliques sur les nématodes du tube digestif des ruminants." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/339/.
Full textIn small ruminants, the current control of gastrointestinal parasitism relies on the use of chemical anthelmintics. However, due to the increasing development of resistances to chemical anthelmintics, the potential use of condensed tannin-rich plants represents an alternative solution to the chemical treatments, although the mode of action remains unknown. The objective of the current work was therefore to define the mechanisms of actions of condensed tannins on the infective larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes. First, we have confirmed that the consumption of a condensed tannin-rich plant decreased the establishment of infective larvae in the host. In a second step, it has been shown that both the exsheathment and the penetration of the larvae in the host mucosae were disturbed after contact with condensed tannins. The observations of the ultra-structural modifications and the fixation of condensed tannins on the larvae have confirmed a direct mode of action. In addition, our results have shown that the effects of condensed tannins were non specific of the nematode species but that differences in susceptibility exist between the ensheathed and exsheathed larvae. The effects were also dependent of the concentration and the biochemical nature of the condensed tannins. Finally, hypotheses on the potential interactions at the molecular level between the condensed tannins and the infective larvae are suggested
Bakari, Kouassi Dit Abou. "Résistance de Solanum sparsipilum aux nématodes à galles Meloidoyne incognita, M. Arenaria, M. Javanica et M. Fallax : analyse des mécanismes et cartographie des facteurs de résistance." Rennes, Agrocampus, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NSARC077.
Full textRoot-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp. ) are telluric plant parasites with a broad host range that limits the use of crop rotation as control strategy. Chemicals are also restricted in practical agriculture due to their toxicity for human health. Besides the roots Meloidogyne species infest and induce galls on the surf ace and necrotic spots in the fesh of tubers of the potato, Solanum tuberosum. Infested tubers are unacceptable for both processing and fresh market and they are putative sources of dissemintatin of these parasites. Genetic resistance is the favoured control strategy in nematode management because it is usually effective and has no deleterious effects on environment but, no resistant potato cultivar is yet available. For breeding purpose, the resistances of two accessionsof nematodes species Meloidogyne incognita, M. Arenaria and M. Javanica and the temperate species M. Fallax have been investigated. Our objectives were to : 1° understand the species M. Fallax have been investigated. Our objectives were to: 1) understand the effects on the feeding and the development of the juveniles, genetic determinism of the resistances); 2) map major gene (s) or quantitative trait loci (QTL) that control the resistance. Compared to susceptible potato plants, both resistant accessions were significantly less infected. This was due to delayed and then arrested penetration of the juveniles in the roots. The accession harbouring the resistance to M. Fallax developed a necrotic reaction at the feeding site of the juveniles and prevented their development to the female stage. A “F1” diploid progeny was obtained using a dihaploid susceptible potato genotype as the female juveniles suggesting a monogenic control of the resistance. However, “necrotic” and “non necrotic” hybrid genetoypes showed a continuous distribution when considering the nematode females developed in their roots
Book chapters on the topic "Nématodes – Analyse"
Anofel, Françoise Botterel, M. L. Dardé, A. Debourgogne, L. Delhaes, S. Houzé, F. Morio, C. Kauffmann-Lacroix, and C. Roques. "Nématodoses digestives : ascaridiose, ankylostomoses, anguillulose, oxyurose, trichocéphalose." In Parasitologie et Mycologie Médicales - Guide des Analyses et des Pratiques Diagnostiques, 311–17. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-75363-3.00033-1.
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