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Journal articles on the topic 'NENG'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Schell, Lisa, Elke Hausner, Lina Rodenhäuser, Oliver Assall, Anke Schulz, Wiebke Sieben, Kerstin van der Leck, and Stefan Sauerland. "VP31 Searching Non-English Literature For HTA Reports May Be Unnecessary." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 35, S1 (2019): 83–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462319003052.

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IntroductionCurrently, the Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG) does not restrict literature searches by language. Given limited resources, it is unclear whether the effort put into screening and translating studies published in non-English and non-German (nEnG) languages yields much new information when compared to including only English and German literature. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the impact of nEnG literature on the conclusion of IQWiG's health technology assessments (HTAs).MethodsWe checked for seventy-two IQWiG HTAs (all non-drug intervention HTAs published until August 2018 and three additional HTAs on drugs) whether they included nEnG studies. For all HTAs including at least one nEnG study, we analyzed whether the statistical significance would have changed for any endpoint without the respective nEnG study(ies). If no endpoint was impacted by a nEnG study, we classified the study as non-relevant to the HTA's conclusion and specified a reason for this.ResultsOf seventy-two HTAs, twenty-nine (40 percent) included a total of eighty-three nEnG publications). Three HTAs were impacted by the inclusion of altogether seven Chinese publications. For one HTA on systemic therapy, five endpoints’ conclusions were changed; for the other two HTAs, the statistical significance would have changed for one endpoint each. The remaining seventy-six publications (included in sixty-nine HTAs) were judged as non-relevant to the HTA's conclusion, the most prominent reason being “meta-analysis would have had the same result without respective study” (44 percent of nEnG publications).ConclusionsOnly three of seventy-two HTAs (4 percent) were impacted by nEnG publications, the changes being minimal for two of these. When faced with limited time or personnel resources, searching only for English and German publications may be sufficient, especially when generalizability issues are a possible concern.

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2

Lai, Whalen. "After Mcrae, Whither Hui-neng?" Journal of Chinese Religions 17, no. 1 (January 1989): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/073776989805896099.

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3

LAYCOCK, STEVEN W. "HUI-NENG AND THE TRANSCENDENTAL STANDPOINT." Journal of Chinese Philosophy 12, no. 2 (June 1985): 179–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6253.1985.tb00006.x.

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4

Laycock, Steven W. "Hui-Neng and the Transcendental Standpoint." Journal of Chinese Philosophy 12, no. 2 (January 19, 1985): 179–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15406253-01202006.

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5

Safriana, D., and E. Wulandari. "The historical and religious approach towards city park design in Banda Aceh, IndonesiaCase Study: Krueng Neng Park (Taman Krueng Neng)." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 352 (May 2018): 012062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/352/1/012062.

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6

Reif-Acherman, Simón. "Joseph Neng Shun Kwong: a famous and obscure scientist." Química Nova 31, no. 7 (2008): 1909–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-40422008000700054.

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7

Bing-quan, Li, Du Hai-xin, Zhang Xu dong, and Du Shu-jian. "Comparison between Huin-neng and Martin Luther’s Religious Psychological Thought." Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences (BIoHS) Journal 1, no. 2 (October 2, 2019): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/biohs.v1i2.34.

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Both Huineng and Martin Luther are religious reformers with great influence in the world. There are many similarities in their religious psychological thought, such as “equality of all beings”, “the bewilderment and the enlightenment in one’s mind”, “taking the cultivation of Xin as the most important”, “guidance”, and “rationalization”. However, because they are in different eras, cultures, religions, etc., their ideological differences are also very obvious, which are mainly manifested in: inside or outside, good or evil of human nature, turning suffering into pleasure currently or suffering in living for the happiness after death, no-grasping or grasping, for all beings or for oneself, without self or with self, etc.

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8

Shi, Rujie. "The Development of Suffixes Li / Neng / Jiao in Reduplicated Forms of Monosyllabic Adjectives in the Northern Wu Dialects." Bulletin of Chinese Linguistics 5, no. 1 (January 24, 2011): 61–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405478x-90000071.

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This paper, drawing upon linguistic data from documents dated from the end of the Ming Dynasty to the beginning of the Republican era, analyzes the development of the suffixes li / neng / jiao when attached to reduplicated forms of monosyllabic adjectives in the northern Wu dialects.

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9

Bunyamin, Bunyamin, and Amir Mukhlis. "Utilization of Oyster Shells as a Substitute Part of Cement and Fine Aggregate in the Compressive Strength of Concrete." Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology 9, no. 3 (December 30, 2020): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/aijst.9.3.17761.

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The compressive strength of concrete depends on the physical characteristics of the concrete forming materials. Oyster shells originating from Krueng Neng, Aceh Besar are very abundant, left unattended by fishermen, causing pollution of the surrounding environment. Oyster shell dust contains CaO, which can be used as a partial substitution of cement. Therefore, it is necessary to study oyster shell ash as cement replacement and fine aggregate in concrete production. This research aims to determine the compressive strength of concrete using shell ash as cement replacement and fine aggregate. The oyster shells were obtained from Krueng Neng, Lamjamee Village, Jaya Baru, Aceh Besar District. The oyster shells were crushed with a Los Angeles Test machine and sieved with sieve size 2.36 mm for fine aggregate and sieve #200 for cement replacement. The water-cement ratios (w/c) were 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6. The results showed that concrete's compressive strength with 5% cement replacement level was higher than the concrete with cement only. Meanwhile, for other replacement levels, the compressive strengths of concrete specimens were lower than control specimens.

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10

Zhang, Xiao Jun, Xu Guang Wang, Ya Lun Yu, and De Qiang Yang. "The Application of Deck Charge Technology in Hua Neng open pit Mine." E3S Web of Conferences 38 (2018): 03031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183803031.

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In the modern mine development and construction, how to improve the effective utilization of explosive energy, while achieving the requirements of the blasting vibration , is the key problem of blasting research.In this paper, from the actual situation of Huaneng open pit mine, for the complaints of nearby residents, the blasting program will be improved.First of all, the principle of the deck charge technology is analyzed, and then the deck charge technology is applied to the open pit mine to reduce the vibration caused by the blasting, to appease the dissatisfaction of the nearby residents. Finally It has achieved good results.

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11

LAYCOCK, STEVEN W. "THE DIALECTICS OF NOTHINGNESS: A Reexamination of Shen-hsiu and Hui-neng." Journal of Chinese Philosophy 24, no. 1 (March 1997): 19–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6253.1997.tb00195.x.

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12

雷, 美玲. "A Comparative Analysis of Two Semantic Expressions of “Bu Neng Zai X”." Modern Linguistics 09, no. 03 (2021): 652–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ml.2021.93089.

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13

Affiah, Neng Dara. "Perkawinan dan Agama-agama (Teropong Ulang terhadap Tujuan, Fungsi dan Aturan Perkawinan)." Musãwa Jurnal Studi Gender dan Islam 3, no. 2 (September 30, 2004): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/musawa.2004.32.135-149.

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Generally speaking, all religions urge their community to start a family through marriage institution. This institution basically has three main goals: to create peacefulness, to avoid sexual relationship outside marriage, and to have offspring. However, these three goals are often interpreted on the basis of man's superiority. In this article, Neng Dara Afifah tries to underline that marriage is not meant to undermine woman as a human being.

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14

Jaeseung Park and 이명정. "A Comparative Study of Usage of Auxiliary Verb “Neng(能)”and “keyi(可以)”." China Studies 55, no. ll (July 2012): 47–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18077/chss.2012.55..003.

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15

Guo, Xiao-Ming. "Researching the Pedagogical Sequencing of the Chinese Auxiliary Verb ‘neng’ for Korean Chinese Learners." Chinese Language Education and Research 21 (June 30, 2015): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24285/cler.2015.06.21.21.

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16

Chang, Yi-Fang. "Future Society: Science, Religion and Parapsychology." Sumerianz Journal of Social Science, no. 43 (August 25, 2021): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.47752/sjss.43.93.99.

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Face the COVID-19 and various disasters, we consider future. First, we discuss scientific future and future society, and should take responsibility for pursuing truth, goodness and beauty. Next, based on the modern sciences, we research the seven possible mathematical and physical models on “soul”, which is future after death. Third, the main religions believe in the afterlife, so we discuss the Buddhist outlook on life, especially, we research epistemology, methodology and other philosophical thought in The Sutra of Hui Neng . These will help to overcome world crises. We may welcome a bright future.

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17

Yao, Xinzhong. "The Way, Virtue, and Practical Skills in the Analects." Journal of Chinese Philosophy 39, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 26–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15406253-03901004.

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This article is intended to investigate how the concept of the Way (dao ) is applied in the Analects of Confucius both as a universal norm and as a practical application in association with other concepts, virtue (de ) on the one hand, and ability or skill (neng ) or method (fang ) on the other. Through a synthetic reconstruction of these concepts, it will come to the conclusion that the Way, virtue, and practical skills are the three central and mutually interpreted themes in the ethical discourse as presented in the Analects.

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18

Yang, Y. H., T. J. Hsieh, M. L. Tsai, C. H. Chen, H. T. Lin, and Shyh-Jong Wu. "Neuroprotective effects of Hu-Yi-Neng, a diet supplement, On SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells." Journal of nutrition, health & aging 18, no. 2 (September 23, 2013): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12603-013-0382-3.

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19

John R. McRae. "Inventing Hui-neng, the Sixth Patriarch: Hagiography and Biography in Early Ch’an (review)." China Review International 14, no. 1 (2008): 132–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cri.0.0004.

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20

Keyworth, George A. "Inventing Hui-Neng, the Sixth Patriarch: Hagiography and Biography in Early Ch'an - By John Jorgensen." Religious Studies Review 34, no. 4 (December 2008): 321–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0922.2008.00332_6.x.

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21

Wang, Jin, Min Li, and Wei Heng Yan. "The Engineering Application of CO₂ Capture by Chemical Absorption in China." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 2457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.2457.

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With the increasing concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere, climate change has been prominent and brought a series of disasters to human being. In China, the important aspect to control CO2 concentration is to decrease its emission of coal-fuel power plant. The engineering application of chemical absorption technology and economic analysis of the Beijing Gao Bei-dian and the second unit of Shanghai Shi Dong-kou power plants built by China Hua Neng Electric Group is introduced. The achievements of CO2 engineering capture and the effort direction we will towards in the future is also summarized.

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22

Bing-quan, Li. "The Values outlook of Hui-neng’s Chan Culture and its Realistic Value." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, no. 9 (September 18, 2020): 228–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.79.9004.

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Chan culture created by Hui-neng is one of the three major components of Chinese traditional culture. The value outlook of Chan culture is one of the core values of Chinese traditional culture, which mainly manifests in Equality and Justice, good root, democracy and humanistic feelings, harmony, spiritual freedom and big-hearted. These values of Chan culture are consistent with the cultural psychology and behavior of Chinese nation, and still manifest in the daily life of Chinese people and serve a positive role in the spiritual purification and the promotion of spiritual realm of contemporary people.

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23

Li, Si, and Xintong Zhan. "Product Market Threats and Stock Crash Risk." Management Science 65, no. 9 (September 2019): 4011–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.3016.

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This paper examines the effect of product market threats on firms’ stock crash risk. Competitive pressure from the product market aggravates managers’ incentive to withhold negative information. When negative information is accumulated to a tipping point, the accumulated information comes out all at once and leads to an abrupt and large decline in stock price. Using a measure of product market threats, our regressions find that firms facing more threats are more prone to stock crashes. This result is confirmed by an instrumental variable analysis and a difference-in-difference analysis with an exogenous shock to market competition. This paper was accepted by Neng Wang, finance.

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24

CHENG, CHUNG-YING. "RELATIVITY AND TRANSCENDENCE IN THE PLATFORM SUTRA OF HUI- NENG: ON POLARITIES AND THEIR PHILOSOPHICAL SIGNIFICANCES." Journal of Chinese Philosophy 19, no. 1 (March 1992): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6253.1992.tb00111.x.

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25

WU, Shyh-Jong, Chun-Hung Chen, Tusty-Jiuan Hseih, Mei-Lan Tsei, and Yuan-Han Yang. "P1-126: Functional examination of Hu-yi-neng, diet supplement, and its antioxidant effects on neurons." Alzheimer's & Dementia 8, no. 4S_Part_4 (July 2012): P150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2012.05.403.

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26

., Sulistiyani, Fransisca R. Sunarmi, and Siti Fatimah. "PENGORGANISASIAN NANG NING NUNG NENG GUNG PADA GAMELAN JAWA SEBAGAI KAJIAN FILOSOFIS DALAM PENGAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS." Jurnal IKA PGSD (Ikatan Alumni PGSD) UNARS 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.36841/pgsdunars.v9i1.1012.

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Keberadaan gamelan di STKIP Bina Insan Mandiri digunakan sebagai simbol hidup bermasyarakat. Dengan memaknai bunyi gamelan sebagai pedoman hidup bebrayan agung dan mengajarkannya dalam Bahasa Inggris dapat memudahkan pelajar dan masyarakat untuk mengetahui cara penulisan dan cara membaca bahasa Inggris dengan baik, serta untuk meningkatkan ketertarikan pelajar dan masyarakat tentang pembelajaran bahasa Inggris dengan berbasis pengorganisasian dalam pemaknaan filosofis pada gamelan. Tujuan penelitian diantaranya untuk membangun sebuah pembelajaran bahasa Inggris berbasis pengorganisasian pada bunyi yang dihasilkan pada gamelan Jawa dan pemaknaannya. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, dimana yang menjadi subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa STKIP Bina Insan Mandiri yang berjumlah sebanyak 120 mahasiswa. Penelitian dimulai dari observasi, wawancara dengan ketua, dosen, karyawan/staf dan mahasiswa. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Adapun Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, display data dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian pada studi tersebut yakni, cara implementasi pembelajaran bahasa Inggris berbasis Kajian Nang Ning Nung Neng Gung dengan pengaplikasian pendekatan tiga pola yaitu pola pembiasaan/pengulangan, pola contoh, dan pola implementasi dan pengorganisasian serta pemahaman pada pedoman hidup dalam hidup bebraian agung

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27

Cheng, Chung-Ying. "Relativity and Transcendence in the Platform Sutra of Hue- Neng: On Polarities and their Philosophical Significances." Journal of Chinese Philosophy 19, no. 1 (February 10, 1992): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15406253-01901004.

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28

Li, Erica X. N., Haitao Li, Shujing Wang, and Cindy Yu. "Macroeconomic Risks and Asset Pricing: Evidence from a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model." Management Science 65, no. 8 (August 2019): 3585–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2999.

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We study the relation between macroeconomic fundamentals and asset pricing through the lens of a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model. We provide full-information Bayesian estimation of the DSGE model using macroeconomic variables and extract the time series of four latent fundamental shocks of the model: neutral technology shock, investment-specific technological shock, monetary policy shock, and risk shock. Asset pricing tests show that our model-implied four-factor model can explain a number of prominent cross-sectional return spreads: size, book-to-market, investment, earnings, and long-term reversal. The investment-specific technological shock and risk shock play the most important role in explaining those return spreads. This paper was accepted by Neng Wang, finance.

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Putrianti, Flora Grace, Astuti Wijayanti, and Laily Rochmawati Listiyani. "Pencegahan Cyberbulliying dengan Ajaran Ki Hadjar Dewantara." PLAKAT (Pelayanan Kepada Masyarakat) 2, no. 2 (December 14, 2020): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/plakat.v2i2.4970.

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Perkembangan teknologi komunikasi yang pesat seperti sekarang ini semakin mengubah bentuk pergaulan dan sosialisasi pengguna internet dari anak-anak sampai dengan lansia. Segala bentuk informasi dapat menyebar secara cepat dan luas sehingga sulit untuk dikontrol yang berdampak positif maupun negatif. Dampak negatif dari internet salah satunya adalah cyberbullying. Oleh sebab itu diperlukan pencegahan yang terstruktur mulai dari keluarga, sekolah dan masyarakat. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mencegah cyberbullying dengan Ajaran Ki Hadjar Dewantara yaitu Neng Ning Nung Nang, Ngerti Ngrasa Nglakoni, Niteni Nirokke Nambahi dan Tripusat Pendidikan. Metode partisipatif diharapkan dapat membuka wawasan remaja, guru dan orangtua terkait dengan pencegahan cyberbullying. Hasil dari pengabdian masyarakat ini berupa rancangan kegiatan pada tripusat pendidikan yang mengarah pada pencegahan cyberbullying di kalangan remaja.

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Yang, Shujun, Tong Gao, Zhonghua Zheng, Binbin Lai, Lixia Sheng, Zhijuan Xu, Xiao Yan, Jiaping Wang, Shiwei Duan, and Guifang Ouyang. "GPX3 methylation is associated with hematologic improvement in low-risk myelodysplastic syndrome patients treated with Pai-Neng-Da." Journal of International Medical Research 48, no. 9 (September 2020): 030006052095689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060520956894.

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Objective The aim of this prospective randomized controlled clinical trial was to explore the relationship between GPX3 methylation and Pai-Neng-Da (PND) in the treatment of patients with low-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Methods There were 82 low-risk MDS patients who were randomly divided into the following two groups: androl, thalidomide, and PND capsule (ATP group, n = 41); or androl and thalidomide (AT group, n = 41). Hemoglobin and neutrophil and platelet counts and changes in GPX3 methylation level were assessed. Results The plasma hemoglobin level increased in both groups after treatment. However, the platelet count increased only in the ATP group. Patients in the ATP group had a better platelet response than the AT group, and GPX3 methylation markedly decreased after treatment with ATP but not after treatment with AT. Moreover, male patients had a significantly lower GPX3 methylation level than female patients, while platelet counts from male patients increased dramatically after the ATP regimens compared with female patients. GPX3 methylation changes were negatively correlated with platelet changes in ATP group. Conclusion PND can improve hematological parameters and decrease the GPX3 methylation level. Decreasing GPX3 methylation is associated with the hematologic response that includes platelet in GPX3 methylation. China Clinical Trial Bureau (ChiCTR; http://www.chictr.org.cn/ ) registration number: ChiCTR-IOR-15006635.

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조동매. "Errors Commonly Made by Korean Students in Using the Chinese Auxiliary Verbs ‘hui’ and ‘neng’ and the Countermeasures." China Studies 55, no. ll (July 2012): 191–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.18077/chss.2012.55..010.

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Fuadah, Ainun, and Djohar Djohar. "PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN IPA BERBASIS 4N (NENG, NING, NUNG, NANG) UNTUK MENCIPTAKAN PROSES BELAJAR FUNGSIONAL PESERTA DIDIK SMP." Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan IPA 1, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jipi.v1i1.4528.

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The aims of this study are (1) to develop 4N concept from Ki Hajar Dewantara into 4N model of learning for science, (2) to investigate the quality of developed products, (3) to investigate the effect of 4N learning model for scinece learning to Tri Nga competencies, and (4) to investigate the implementation of the model.The study used 9 steps of research and development (R&D) model of Borg & Gall without taking the dissemination process.The results of the study are as follows. (1) The 4N concept was developed to become 4N model for science learning. (2) The Products are appropriate to use for teaching and learning process. (3) The 4N learning model can achieve a functional science learning: (a) the model can increase Tri Nga competencies. (b) Science learning using the 4N model achieves the KKM target, and (c) the 4N model gets good response from the students. (4) The 4N model is in well done category. Key words: learning model, 4N (neng-ning-nung-nang) concept, functional learning.

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Kasajima, Atsuko, Björn Konukiewitz, Naomi Oka, Hiroyoshi Suzuki, Akira Sakurada, Yoshinori Okada, Toru Kameya, et al. "Clinicopathological Profiling of Lung Carcinoids with a Ki67 Index > 20%." Neuroendocrinology 108, no. 2 (November 28, 2018): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000495806.

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The clinicopathological features of lung neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) with a high proliferative index at the border area between atypical carcinoid and neuroendocrine carcinoma have not been investigated so far. The aim of this study was, therefore, to search for lung NENs which are well differentiated but show Ki67 values that overlap with those of poorly differentiated (PD)-NENs. Resected lung NENs from 244 Japanese patients were reviewed, and Ki67 indices were assessed in all tumors. The data were then correlated to clinicopathological parameters and patient outcome. Among 59 (24%) well-differentiated (WD)-NENs and 185 (76%) lung PD-NENs, 7 were defined as WD-NENs with Ki67 indices > 20%. The Ki67 indices of these tumors (mean 29%, range 24–36) were significantly lower than those of PD-NENs (mean 74%, range 34–99). All WD-NENs with Ki67 > 20% lacked abnormal p53 and loss of retinoblastoma 1 (Rb1) expression. In contrast, many PD-NENs expressed p53 (48%) and showed loss of Rb1 (86%). The 2- and 5-year disease-free survival rates in WD-NEN patients with Ki67 > 20% were lower than those of WD-NEN patients with Ki67 ≤20% (p < 0.01 for disease-free and overall survival). No statistical differences were detected between outcome of WD-NEN patients with Ki67 > 20% and those of PD-NEN. It is concluded that WD-NEN patients with Ki67 > 20% share the morphological and immunohistochemical features of WD-NEN patients with Ki67 ≤20%, but they have a worse prognosis, suggesting that this tumor group requires particular attention in future classifications and probably new therapeutic regimes.

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Heungchul Son. "A searching on the method of find enlightenment in Mahakassapa(摩诃迦叶) and Hui Neng(慧能)." Studies in Philosophy East-West ll, no. 78 (December 2015): 375–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15841/kspew..78.201512.375.

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Xiong, Wen. "The Pragmatic Competence of Chinese L2 Learners of Different L1s: In Reference to the Modal Auxiliary Neng Verb Group." Researching and Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language 1, no. 1 (April 10, 2015): 51–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/rtcfl.v1i1.26874.

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Astuti, Belinda Dwi, and Trisna Insan Noor. "Profil Bisnis Startup Makanan Instan Menggunakan Business Model Canvas (BMC) (studi kasus Neng Daysi di Jatinangor Sumedang Jawa Barat)." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Agroinfo Galuh 6, no. 3 (November 28, 2019): 438. http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/jimag.v6i3.2356.

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Li, Lizhu. "Zhi and Neng belong to mind: a study of the capacity to be good in the mind of Xunzi." Asian Philosophy 28, no. 4 (October 2, 2018): 348–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09552367.2018.1540382.

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Kuang, Yue-min, Yan Zhu, Rui-lan Gao, Jing Hu, Zhi-yong Jiang, Li Huang, Ya-jun Tong, Xin-guo Luo, Xin-fang Gao, and Zhi-yin Zheng. "Clinical study of Pai-Neng-Da capsule (派能达胶囊) in the treatment of chronic aplastic anemia." Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 22, no. 2 (August 14, 2015): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11655-015-2158-6.

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Jahn, Ulrika, Ezgi Ilan, Mattias Sandström, Mark Lubberink, Ulrike Garske-Román, and Anders Sundin. "Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT) with 177Lu-DOTATATE; Differences in Tumor Dosimetry, Vascularity and Lesion Metrics in Pancreatic and Small Intestinal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms." Cancers 13, no. 5 (February 25, 2021): 962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13050962.

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Dosimetry during peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) has mainly focused on normal organs and less on the tumors. The absorbed dose in one target tumor per patient and several response related factors were assessed in 23 pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (P-NENs) and 25 small-intestinal NEN (SI-NENs) during PRRT with 177Lu-DOTATATE. The total administered activity per patient was (mean ± standard error of mean (SEM) 31.8 ± 1.9 GBq for P-NENs and 36 ± 1.94 GBq for SI-NENs. The absorbed tumor dose was 143.5 ± 2 Gy in P-NENs, 168.2 ± 2 Gy in SI-NENs. For both NEN types, a dose–response relationship was found between the absorbed dose and tumor shrinkage, which was more pronounced in P-NENs. A significant drop in the absorbed dose per cycle was shown during the course of PRRT. Tumor vascularization was higher in P-NENs than in SI-NENs at baseline but equal post-PRRT. The time to progression (RECIST 1.1) was similar for patients with P-NEN (mean ± SEM 30 ± 1 months) and SI-NEN (33 ± 1 months). In conclusion, a dose response relationship was established for both P-NENs and SI-NENs and a significant drop in the absorbed dose per cycle was shown during the course of PRRT, which warrants further investigation to understand the factors impacting PRRT to improve personalized treatment protocol design.

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40

Chun, Albert Lee, Ethan Namvar, Xiaoxia Ye, and Fan Yu. "Modeling Municipal Yields With (and Without) Bond Insurance." Management Science 65, no. 8 (August 2019): 3694–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.3007.

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We develop an intensity-based model of municipal yields, making simultaneous use of the credit default swap premiums of the insurers and both insured and uninsured municipal bond transactions. We estimate the model individually for 61 municipal issuers by exploiting the dramatic decline in credit quality of the bond insurers from July 2007 to June 2008, and decompose the municipal yield spread based on the estimated parameters. The decomposition reveals a dominant role of the liquidity component as well as interactions between liquidity and default similar to those modeled by Chen et al. [Chen H, Cui R, He Z, Milbradt K (2018) Quantifying liquidity and default risks of corporate bonds over the business cycle. Rev. Financial Stud. 31(3):852–897.] for corporate bonds. Toward the end of the sample period, our model also reproduces the “yield inversion” phenomenon documented in the literature. This paper was accepted by Neng Wang, finance.

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Sadaps, Meena, Neal Mehta, Hong Li, and Bassam N. Estfan. "Incidence and patterns of secondary malignancies in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms: A SEER database analysis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e16208-e16208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e16208.

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e16208 Background: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a group of biologically and clinically heterogenous malignancies of different anatomic sites, the majority of which lie within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Prior literature has reported on the association between NENs and other primary malignancies (OPM), but these studies are limited by small sample sizes. We aim to further analyze the association of NENs and OPM on a larger scale using a population-based cancer registry. Methods: Primary malignancies with NEN features were identified from the Surveillance Epidemiology and Ends Results registry between 1975-2017. The histology/behavior of NEN included carcinoid tumor, neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC), pancreatic endocrine tumor, atypical carcinoid tumor, and other (insulinoma, glucagonoma, gastrinoma, VIPoma, somatostatinoma and enterochromaffin cell carcinoid). First NEN observation from each patient was examined. Patients with NEN were grouped into 3 categories: NEN only, NEN first followed by OPM, and non-NEN first followed by NEN based on sequence number of primary cancer. Secondary malignancy sites were analyzed. Distribution of NEN between GI and non-GI sites was described. Demographics were compared by NEN sequence groups and between GI and non-GI sites. Results: 45,896 patients with NEN were analyzed (77.9% Caucasian, 47.0% male, median age 62.0 yrs). 65.7% of NENs were observed in GI sites. Within the GI tract, 31.3% were small intestine, 25.1% rectum, 16.6% pancreatobiliary, and < 11% in other GI locations. Age at NEN diagnosis was younger in those with GI NENs (median 60.0 vs 65.0, p < 0.001). 71.2% of patients had NEN only, 10.4% had NEN first followed by OPM, and 18.4% had a non-NEN primary followed by NEN. Mean age was 58.9 for NEN primary only, 61.0 for NEN primary first and 68.3 for non-NEN primary first (p < 0.0001). More Caucasian patients had non-NEN primary first (82.3%) compared to NEN primary only (76.9%) and NEN primary first (75.5%). There were no gender differences amongst the three groups. Carcinoid tumor histology was more prevalent in NEN primary first (78.6%) compared to NEN primary only (67.3%) and non-NEN primary first (66.6%), while NEC histology was more prevalent in NEN only (27.4%) and non-NEN first (29.3%) compared to NEN first. Among patients with NEN first followed by a second primary malignancy (SPM), 23.6% of females had a secondary breast malignancy and 28.9% of males had a secondary prostate malignancy. Conclusions: 28.8% of patients with NENs were found to have OPM, either preceding or following their NEN diagnosis. Of those with a SPM following NEN, breast and prostate were the most common sites for women and men, respectively. It is imperative that patients with NEN undergo age-appropriate cancer screening to help identify any concurrent malignancies. Further research is warranted to identify the timeframe in which they occur in relation to the NEN.

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Festa, S., G. Zerboni, L. Derikx, D. G. Ribaldone, G. Dragoni, C. J. Buskens, E. Nieveen van Dijkum, et al. "P124 Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An ECCO CONFER Multicentre Case Series." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 15, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): S215—S216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab076.251.

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Abstract Background Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of tumours deriving from the diffuse endocrine system. NENs may occur almost everywhere in the body but are most common in the gastrointestinal tract, the pancreas, and the lungs, with gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) tumours representing 70% of all NENs. GEP-NENs have rarely been reported in association with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) but no definitive relationship between these tumours and IBD has been established Methods This was an ECCO COllaborative Network For Exceptionally Rare case reports project (ECCO-CONFER). We included cases of GEP-NENs diagnosed in patients with IBD that met the diagnostic criteria for NEN according to the European Neuroendocrine Tumour Society. Data were retrospectively collected in a standardized case report form and analysed for event association with patient’s and IBD-related factors Results GEP-NEN was diagnosed in 100 patients with IBD [61% female, 55% Crohn’s disease, median age 48 years (IQR 37–59)]. Overall the most common location was the appendix (39/100) followed by the colon (22/100). Complete IBD-related data was available for 50 individuals with a median follow-up of 30.5 months (IQR 11.2–70) following NEN diagnosis. At the last follow-up data, 47/50 patients were alive. Three deaths occurred, of which 2 were related to NEN. Median duration of IBD at NEN diagnosis was 84 months (IQR 10–151), and in 18% of cases NEN and IBD were diagnosed concomitantly. 20/50 of NENs were at stage I (T1N0M0) and 28/50 graded G1 (ki 67 ≤2 %) at diagnosis. Incidental diagnosis of NEN either during follow-up or during surgery as well as receiving diagnosis of NEN concomitantly with IBD was significantly associated with an earlier NEN stage (p< 0.01 and p<0.02, respectively). Exposure to immunomodulatory and/or biologic therapy was not associated with advanced NEN stage or grade. Interestingly, primary GEP-NEN sites significantly correlated to the segment affected by IBD (62% vs 38% p = 0.02) Conclusion In the largest case series to date, prognosis of patients with concomitant GEP-NEN and IBD seems favorable. Incidental NEN diagnosis correlates with an earlier NEN stage and IBD-related therapies are independent of NEN stage and grade. The association of GEP-NEN location and the segment affected by IBD may suggest a possible role of inflammation in NEN tumorigenesis

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HUANG, AIJUN, and STEPHEN CRAIN. "Acquisition of the polarity sensitive item renhe ‘any’ in Mandarin Chinese." Journal of Child Language 41, no. 4 (July 24, 2013): 861–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000913000275.

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ABSTRACTThe present study investigated Mandarin-speaking children's acquisition of the polarity sensitive item renhe ‘any’ in Mandarin Chinese. Like its English counterpart any, renhe can be used as a negative polarity item (NPI), or as a free choice (FC) item, and both the distribution and interpretation of renhe are governed by the same syntactic and semantic constraints as English any. Using a Truth Value Judgment Task, the present study tested five-year-old Mandarin-speaking children's comprehension of FC renhe in sentences containing the modal word neng ‘can’, and tested children's comprehension of NPI renhe in sentences containing the temporal conjunction zai…zhiqian ‘before’. Most children demonstrated knowledge of the interpretation of both FC renhe and NPI renhe despite a paucity of relevant adult input. Like adults, however, Mandarin-speaking children do not use renhe frequently in ordinary conversation, due to the availability of alternative colloquial expressions (wh-pronouns) that also convey children's intended meanings.

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Reed, Clay T., Narjust Duma, Thorvardur Halfdanarson, and Jan Buckner. "Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the brain." BMJ Case Reports 12, no. 9 (September 2019): e230582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-230582.

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Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are malignancies with rare reports of central nervous system development. A 34-year-old woman was found to have a primary NEN of the brain, and she had recurrence with identical histology 10 years later. Extracranial NENs were excluded. She had routine surveillance for the first 5 years with MRIs and positron emission tomography/CTs after the initial presentation which was treated with radiation followed by cisplatin and etoposide. This case highlights the difference in primary NENs versus NEN metastases to the brain, and that longer periods of surveillance are likely required for primary NENs. This is important because the prognosis between primary NENs and metastatic NENs to the brain are vastly different and should not be treated as equal diseases. The patient eventually died of her recurrence secondary to complications of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt placed for treatment of hydrocephalus from the disease.

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Kasajima, Atsuko, and Günter Klöppel. "Neuroendocrine neoplasms of lung, pancreas and gut: a morphology-based comparison." Endocrine-Related Cancer 27, no. 11 (November 2020): R417—R432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/erc-20-0122.

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The bronchopulmonary (BP) and gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) organ systems harbor the majority of the neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) of the body, comprising 20 and 70% of all NENs, respectively. Common to both NEN groups is a classification distinguishing between well- and poorly differentiated NENs associated with distinct genetic profiles. Differences between the two groups concern the reciprocal prevalence of well and poorly differentiated neoplasms, the application of a Ki67-based grading, the variety of histological patterns, the diversity of hormone expression and associated syndromes, the variable involvement in hereditary tumor syndromes, and the peculiarities of genetic changes. This review focuses on a detailed comparison of BP-NENs with GEP-NENs with the aim of highlighting and discussing the most obvious differences. Despite obvious differences, the principle therapeutical options are still the same for both NEN groups, but with further progress in genetics, more targeted therapy strategies can be expected in future.

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Jensen, Robert T., Lisa Bodei, Jaume Capdevila, Anne Couvelard, Massimo Falconi, Simona Glasberg, Günter Kloppel, et al. "Unmet Needs in Functional and Nonfunctional Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms." Neuroendocrinology 108, no. 1 (October 3, 2018): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000494258.

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Recently, the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) held working sessions composed of members of the advisory board and other neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) experts to attempt to identify unmet needs in NENs in different locations or with advanced/poorly differentiated NENs. This report briefly summarizes the main proposed areas of unmet needs in patients with functional and nonfunctional pancreatic NENs.

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Oka, Naomi, Atsuko Kasajima, Björn Konukiewitz, Akira Sakurada, Yoshinori Okada, Toru Kameya, Wilko Weichert, et al. "Classification and Prognostic Stratification of Bronchopulmonary Neuroendocrine Neoplasms." Neuroendocrinology 110, no. 5 (August 19, 2019): 393–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000502776.

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The accuracy and reproducibility of the World Health Organization (WHO) 2015 classification of bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms (BP-NENs) is disputed. The aim of this study is to classify and grade BP-NENs using the WHO 2019 classification of digestive system NENs (DiS-NEN-WHO 2019), and to analyze its accuracy and prognostic impact. Two BP-NEN cohorts from Japan and Germany, 393 tumors (88% surgically resected), were reviewed and the clinicopathological data of the resected tumors (n = 301) correlated to patients’ disease-free survival (DFS). The DiS-NEN-WHO 2019 stratified the 350 tumors into 91 (26%) neuroendocrine tumors (NET) G1, 52 (15%) NET G2, 15 (4%) NET G3, and 192 (55%) neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC). NECs, but not NETs, were immunohistochemically characterized by abnormal p53 (100%) and retinoblastoma 1 (83%) expression. The Ki67 index, which was on average 4 times higher than mitotic count (p < 0.0001), was prognostically more accurate than the mitotic count. NET G3 patients had a worse outcome than NET G1 (p < 0.01) and NET G2 patients (p = 0.02), respectively. No prognostic difference was detected between NET G3 and NEC patients after 5 year DFS. It is concluded that stratifying BP-NEN patients according to the DiS-NEN-WHO 2019 classification results in 3 prognostically well-defined NET groups, if grading is solely based on Ki67 index. Mitotic count alone may underestimate malignant potential of NETs.

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Hinterleitner, Martina, Bence Sipos, Verena Wagner, Julia M. Grottenthaler, Ulrich M. Lauer, Lars Zender, and Clemens Hinterleitner. "Platelet-Expressed Synaptophysin (pSyn) as Novel Biomarker in Neuroendocrine Malignancies." Cancers 13, no. 10 (May 11, 2021): 2286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13102286.

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Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) encompass a heterogeneous group of tumors. Whereas low-grade neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are histologically well-differentiated, highly aggressive neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are characterized by a high proliferation rate and a worse clinical outcome. Since most NEN patients need monitoring of tumor progress and response to treatment for a long period of time, especially in metastatic disease, reliable, dynamic, and easy-to-assess biomarkers are needed. In this prospective study, we identified platelet-expressed synaptophysin (pSyn) as a novel biomarker in NENs. The level of pSyn in NENs was significantly upregulated compared to healthy donors. pSyn was positively correlated with higher tumor stages, the occurrence of metastasis, histological grading, and higher tumor proliferation (Ki67). Most importantly, high pSyn expression in our NEN cohort was shown to predict shorter progression-free survival (PFS). In conclusion, our data highlight the potential of pSyn as a novel biomarker in NENs reflecting tumor stages, grading, and prognosis.

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Ragni, Alberto, Alice Nervo, Mauro Papotti, Nunzia Prencipe, Francesca Retta, Daniela Rosso, Marta Cacciani, et al. "Pituitary metastases from neuroendocrine neoplasms: case report and narrative review." Pituitary 24, no. 5 (August 3, 2021): 828–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11102-021-01178-9.

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Abstract Purpose Pituitary metastases (PM) are uncommon findings and are mainly derived from breast and lung cancers. No extensive review of PM from neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) is on record. Here we describe a clinical case of PM from pancreatic NEN and review the clinical features of PM from NENs reported in the literature. Methods A case of PM from a pancreatic NEN followed at our institution is described. We also reviewed the 43 cases of PM from NENs reported in the literature. Results A 59-year old female patient, previously submitted to duodeno-cephalo-pancreasectomy for a well-differentiated pancreatic NEN, with known hepatic metastases, underwent a 68 Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT that revealed an uptake in the pituitary gland. A subsequent MRI displayed a pituitary lesion, with suprasellar extension. After a hormonal and genetic diagnostic workup that excluded the diagnosis of MEN 1, the worsening of headache and visual impairment and the growth of the lesion lead to its surgical removal. A pituitary localization of the pancreatic NEN was identified. Regarding the published cases of PM from NENs, the most common tumour type was small cell lung cancer (SCLC), accounting for nearly half of the cases, followed by bronchial and pancreatic well differentiated NENs. The most frequent symptom was a variable degree of visual impairment, while headache was reported in half of the cases. Partial or total anterior hypopituitarism was present in approximately three quarters of the cases, while diabetes insipidus was less common. The most frequent treatment for PM was surgical resection, followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The clinical outcome was in line with previous reports of PM from solid tumours, with a median survival of 14 months. Surgery of PM was associated with prolonged survival. Conclusions PM from NENs have clinical features similar to metastases derived from other solid tumours, albeit the involvement of the anterior pituitary seems more frequent; a thorough pituitary hormonal evaluation is mandatory, after focused radiological studies, particularly if a surgical approach is considered. The optimal management of PM remains disputed and seems mainly driven by the aggressiveness of the primary tumour and the presence of symptoms. In well-differentiated NENs, particularly in the case of symptomatic PM, surgical removal may be a reasonable approach.

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Chauhan, Aman, Alexandre Prieur, Jill Kolesar, Susanne Arnold, Thierry Cousin, Lea Francoise Payen, Madison Sands, Dana Napier, Mark Evers, and Lowell Brian Anthony. "HPG80 (Progastrin), a novel blood-based biomarker for detection of neuroendocrine neoplasms." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2020): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.4_suppl.628.

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628 Background: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are heterogeneous tumors which originate from various organs and are of variable aggressiveness based on grade and morphology. Current biomarkers for NENs lack sensitivity and specificity, especially for high-grade NENs (small and large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas). hPG80, progastrin, is a novel bio-marker which is easily measured in plasma using an ELISA test. Physiologically, hPG80, an 80 amino acid protein, is the precursor of the gastrointestinal hormone gastrin. It is synthetized by gastric antrum G cells, and then processed into gastrin by multiple enzymatic processes. In pathological conditions, the GAST gene, which encodes hPG80, was shown to be over-expressed in human solid tumors from various primary sites. hPG80 is unprocessed and released from the tumor cells and becomes detectable in the blood. This study is the first to explore hPG80 in NENs. Methods: hPG80 was quantified in the plasma from 31 NEN patients using DxPG80 technology (ECS-Progastrin, Switzerland). Progastrin concentrations in 18-70 YO (n = 557) and 18-25 YO (n = 137) healthy blood donors were compared to 31 stage IV NENs patients. The study was IRB approved. Results: Mean age of study cohort at the time of blood collection was 60.9 years. 21 patients had grade 1 and 2 well differentiated NET. 10 patients had high grade NEN (Small cell, large cell and poorly differentiated NEC). High grade sub cohort also included two well differentiated grade 3 NET patients. Mean hPG80 in NENs was 14.17 pM as compared to 2.04 pM and 0.99 pM in 18-70 and 18-25 YO control groups (p < 0.0001), respectively. Subgroup analysis of NENs revealed mean hPG80 of 24.61 pM in high-grade NENs (n = 10) vs 10.88 pM in G1/2 NETs (n = 21). Conclusions: This first-ever study of plasma hPG80 in NENs suggests hPG80 may be a diagnostic and/prognostic blood-based biomarker in both low and high-grade NENs and further study is warranted. A prospective trial is ongoing in high-grade NEN to evaluate its role in monitoring of disease (NCT03958045) and further studies in low-grade NETs are underway. This research was supported by Cancer Center Support Grant (CCSG) from the National Cancer Institute (P30 CA177558) and ECS Progastrin.

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