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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Neo-colonialism'
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1
Diop, Mame Diarra <1996>. "French monetary neo-colonialism: the CFA franc." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/19203.
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The CFA franc - which originally meant "franc of the French colonies of Africa" - was born in 1945, when it became the official currency of the French colonies in Africa, which until then had used the French franc.
The CFA franc, in fact, was issued and controlled by the French Ministry of Finance: France could thus decide the external value of the currency - its exchange rate against the French franc - according to its needs. And it immediately proved it, by imposing on the colonies a highly overrated exchange rate.
Today France is the only former colonial power that maintains its monetary zone in Africa, called the franc zone. Indeed, 14 countries in sub-Saharan Africa still use the CFA franc (now pegged to the euro since 1 January 1999).
This currency is still today subject to the more or less explicit and more or less disinterested protection - depending on the side of the debate that has been chosen to believe - of France.
Considering that from my point of view this monetary system is a full-fledged form of neo-colonialism, this thesis article aims to point out the interests of France to remain at the head of this monetary system, by examining not only the advantages granted to the Elysée, but also the benefits that African leaders derive from it.
Indeed, one might wonder why the Member States of the franc zone are not abandoning the CFA system which is so damaging to them. Of course, if this system still exists, it not only provides benefits to France, which, in any case, has no qualms about using all the means of pressure at its disposal against those countries which question the CFA system, but also to other actors: the African elites. After all, many African leaders came to power with the support of the French government.
The thesis begins by sketching out the colonial origins of the CFA franc before moving on to scrutinize the functioning of the CFA mechanism. I will then analyse the benefits and obstacles created by this system, and how circumstances have changed due to two major events that have marked the history of the CFA franc: the devaluation of 1994 and the transaction from the French franc to the euro.
After mentioning certain heads of state who have rebelled against this currency, I will conclude by focusing on the Pan-African movement and on a possible end of the CFA franc with the creation of the ECO.
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Karlsson, Pontus. "China in Africa : An act of Neo-colonialism or a win-win relationship?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-95840.
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This study aims to bring clarity to a discussion of whether the Chinese relationship with Africa can be regarded as an act of Neo-colonialism or if it contains Neo-colonial elements. As China has increasingly engaged with the continent giving extensive amounts of foreign aid and loans as well as intensifying their trade relations, the question arises whether or not this can be connected to Neo-colonial dynamics. This study will use a newly constructed framework with the help of the Neo-colonial theory, different definitions by scholars will be used to create the framework, and the basis for this analysis. The research approach is a qualitative design and the research design is a case study with a focus on China's engagement in Africa. This study finds that there are Neo-colonial elements in the processes of engagement exercised by China on the African continent in some of the variables used in the constructed theoretical framework. Lastly, this study argues that African states must be increasingly cautious when exporting raw materials and in letting private Chinese companies invest and buy shares in important African domestic sectors.
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Ngendakurio, John Bosco. "There is Still Hope: Foreign Aid's Impact on Human Security in Kenya." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/409645.
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The central question this thesis addresses is ‘how does foreign aid affect human security in Kenya?’ Kenya, as a sub-Saharan African country and recipient of large-scale foreign aid, is a microcosm of what is happening in Africa and a good place to start a thorough investigation into the effectiveness of foreign aid to poor countries. More than US$1 trillion has been transferred to Africa from rich countries in development-related aid in the last fifty years, but evidence indicates that poverty levels continue to surge upwards. The key challenges to foreign aid effectiveness in Kenya as identified through the existing literature and confirmed in the results chapters are the rising complexities of Kenyan human security issues, the legacies of colonialism and neo-colonial practices as well as foreign aid’s controversies, including corruption, bureaucracy, donor fatigue and international actors’ hidden agenda.
A qualitative research methodology involving traveling to Kenya to conduct face-to-face, semi-structured interviews with local Kenyans and residents who have direct knowledge about the foreign aid scheme’s processes and practices was the most appropriate method to investigate individuals’ lived experiences. The locals’ original accounts have been triangulated with the material from primary and secondary sources to inform this study. Apart from providing a geo-political analysis of the long-term effects of colonialism in a key African country, this investigation of the foreign aid schemes intends to contribute further knowledge and firsthand information necessary to reshape and improve the processes and practices, for the benefit of both the donors and the intended beneficiaries.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Hum, Lang & Soc Sc
Arts, Education and Law
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Walton, Paul Steven. "To what extent is globalisation creating forms of neo-colonialism within contemporary visual culture?" Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.444031.
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Abis, Paolo. "Class Struggle, Elitism and Social Collectivism in Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s Devil on the Cross : A Marxist Approach." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Engelska, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-6120.
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Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s Devil on the Cross represents both an insightful interpretation and a scathing critique of Kenyan politics and society during the period of neo-colonialism. The present thesis aims to explore, with the help of Marxist ideology and criticism, the relevance of the issues of class struggle, elitism and social collectivism in the novel. At the same time, this study will attempt to define Devil on the Cross as a "national allegory" depicting situations that are common to almost all post-colonial societies, and in particular, how the novel's ideological and political commitment is an important feature as it reflects Ngugi’s effort to draw attention to how Kenya and Africa as a whole suffered from imperialism, neo-colonialism, and a corrupt and greedy capitalist society.
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Bawa, Muhammad. "The right to development as freedom from neo-colonialism, other economic structures and systems of exclusion and exploitation." Thesis, University of Essex, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.570695.
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The 1986 Declaration on the Right to Development (DRD) recognizes the right to development as the inalienable human right of every human person and all peoples. It has since failed to mature into treaty form because of polarized views over critical elements such as the right's philosophical coherence, its distinctive content and nature of corresponding obligations, amongst others, between developing and developed countries in the UN right to development discourse aimed at progressing it towards comprehensive realization and treaty form. The DRD is, however, to-date the most authoritative, detailed and authentic expression of the international community on the subject of the right to development as a human right. It has been the reference for attempts at practice. A challenge of persistent divergence of views calls for its interpretation in the light of the objects and purposes with recourse to the context of its adoption, subsequent practice, related agreements, experts' opinions, and preambular statements. A finding of convergence of positions and an informed interpretative outcome is facilitative of turning the DRD into hard law. The considerations of the declared objects affirm the right to development as a freedom from neo-colonialism, and other economic structures and systems of exploitation and exclusion of internal origin. A re-visit of the DRD more concretely specifies infringements, highlights responsive operational preconditions, makes provisions for the involvement of relevant expertise, monitoring, and state reporting illustrated in the case study of Ghana. As an inalienable human right, it portends the protection of the rational autonomy of } individuals and peoples in development to equitable outcomes and fulfilment. The right is, in this sense, philosophically coherent, and implementatble. It should thus mature into a treaty to protect human agency against the predations of neo-colonialism, and other economic structures and systems of exclusion and exploitation of internal origins.
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Wyse, Jennifer Lynn. "Teachers' Perceptions of the Construction of National Identity through the Primary School Social Studies Program in Malawi." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32867.
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This study looks at social studies teachers' perceptions of Malawi's national identity as it is promoted through Malawi's primary school social studies education. The following research questions were posed: 1) What are teachersâ perceptions of national identity in Malawi? 2) What are teachersâ perceptions of Malawiâ s primary school social studies curriculum? and 3) What are teachersâ perceptions of the practice of constructing national identity through primary school social studies curriculum in Malawi? The recent revision of Malawi's social studies curriculum allows for a new analysis on the relationship between Western neocolonialism and its affect on the shaping of Malawian national identity, as exampled by Malawi's social studies program. This study will therefore contribute to existing literature regarding the role of social studies education and the construction of national identity as well as the impact the West has on the maintenance of African national identity. Using semi-structured interviews with ten practicing primary school social studies teachers and one social studies curriculum specialist in the Domasi district, Southern Region of Malawi, I found that Malawi's social studies currciulum is promoting Malawian national identity as perceived by the interviewees. However, the interviewees illuminated contextual factors that hinder the implementation of the new
curriculum.Master of Science
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Tabi, Stefania Agyeman <1990>. "Pan-Africanism, Neo-colonialism and Non-alignment: similarities and differences in the political thoughts of Kwame Nkrumah and Thomas Sankara." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/7970.
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In the second half of the Twentieth century a distinctive phenomenon crossed through Sub-Saharan Africa that modified not only the geopolitical aspect of the continent, but also the worldly north-south relation. From 1957 until 1990 all African countries had been freed from the burden of colonialism. The new leaders of these countries, who had lead liberation movements in the previous decades, strongly condemned (neo)-colonialism and advocated for a new international order in which African and Asian countries could have a greater voice. Among these leaders, Kwame Nkrumah stands out as he contributed extensively not only with his writings, but also in actions during the 50s and the 60s. During the 80s, one of the most revolutionary leaders towards these thematics will be Thomas Sankara, president of Burkina Faso, who came into power after the fifth political coup in the country since independence from France in 1960.
This thesis is a comparison between political thoughts of Kwame Nkrumah, the first president of independent Ghana from 1957 to 1966, and Thomas Sankara. Kwame Nkrumah's foreign policy in Ghana was characterized by three basic aims: to fight against neo-colonialism, work toward the unification of Africa and the maintenance of world peace through a policy of non-alignment. In his book "Neo-colonialism: the last stage of imperialism", he describes neo-colonialism as a more subtle form of imperialism, an economic and cultural exploitation of former colonies by imperial powers. He strongly believed that neo-colonialism in Africa could be completely defeated only with the union of African states. He advocated for a Common African Market and a continental government for Africa. During his presidency in Ghana, the country followed a policy of non-alignment; he believed that African countries should not be under the influence of any of the two blocs that had been formed with the escalation of the cold war.
The aim of this thesis is to analyse on what level did Kwame Nkrumah leave a legacy to Thomas Sankara. The latter, hold on strongly to these thematics, in particular to neo-colonialism; what are his argumentations against neo-colonialism, and in favor of pan-africanism, and non-alignment.
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Jordan-Sardi, Veronica. "Colonial subjectivity: an evolving legacy in Ousmane Sembène's La noire de...(1965), Michael Haneke's Caché (2005), and Claire Denis' White material (2009)." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2908.
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Bamba, Abou. "Dubbing Modernization: The United States, France, and the Politics of Development in the Ivory Coast, 1946-1968." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/history_diss/18.
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I argue that competing visions of development guided the interventions of the United States and France in the West African country of Ivory Coast during the late colonial and early independence periods from 1946 through the 1960s. Indeed, the postwar arrival of American modernity provided an opportunity for nationalist leaders to triangulate the relationship between metropolitan France and colonial Ivory Coast. The ensuing politics of triangulation forced French colonial officials, diplomats, and development experts to “dub” modernization in order to bolster (neo)colonial ties between France and the Ivory Coast. By dubbing I mean the effort to translate and adapt for French purposes development concepts and techniques first elaborated in the United States. I explore these issues in case histories of the port of Abidjan, Kossou dam, and San Pedro development projects. I highlight the discursive as well as institutional frameworks that shaped the development of Ivory Coast. In the early twentieth century, French colonialism’s mission civilisatrice and mise en valeur posited that the colonizers were rational and productive, while the colonized were backward and incompetent to exploit their natural resources. After the Second World War, the ascendant American modernization paradigm added a new level of valuation to colonialism’s moral economy. It proposed a dynamic and progressive teleology in which the colonized could become modernized and actually “work by themselves” to reproduce hegemonic U.S. technological, economic, and political norms. Modernization was a civilizing project as well, but in contrast French (neo)colonialism now appeared static and paternalistic. French attempts to recuperate their position in the Ivory Coast deployed the epistemic memories of decades of work in the colony but ironically involved promoting forms of regional planning pioneered by the Tennessee Valley Authority. To reach these insights, I have used an interdisciplinary historical methodology that is multiarchival and multisited. My dissertation is based on research in numerous French and American archives as well as oral histories with French and American actors who participated in the (post)colonial development drive in the Ivory Coast.
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Hoff, Lutz Werner Wilhelm. "Global civil society and adult education for social change : a postcolonial perspective." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/50652/1/Lutz_Hoff_Thesis.pdf.
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Adult education plays an important role in global economic development and features prominently in debates about changing requirements of post-industrial knowledge societies. This dominant technical-instrumental understanding of adult education in public discourse masks the transformative function of certain types of adult education - that is, the possibilities of adult education to improve social justice issues such as workers’ rights, human rights, civic participation in governance and socially just development. Given the increasing social stratification between and within the North and South in the global era, the potential of adult education to effect social change has been rediscovered by organisations within global civil society, namely international non-governmental organisations (INGOs).
The broad objective of this research was to carry out an in-depth qualitative case study of a human rights advocacy program provided by a Northern INGO predominantly operating within the global South. The study analyses how participants see this program in terms of its potential to contribute to progressive social change in their home communities across the Asia-Pacific region. The following questions guided the study:
1. To what extent does this adult education program challenge existing systems of domination and marginalisation?
2. How did completion of the program affect participants’ views of their abilities to facilitate social action within their communities?
Data sources for this research were interviews with 19 participants and staff and questionnaires from 28 participants of the program from a variety of countries in the Asia-pacific region.
The gap in the literature that this study addressed is that existing empirical research sidelines the analysis of the globalisation, adult education, and social change nexus from a perspective that takes the marginalised other seriously, tending instead to mirror the material subjugation of the South in discursive practices. Social change is highly context-specific and strategies to advance it depend on the way in which people understand their reality and are affected by adverse social conditions. The present study employed a postcolonial framework that provided a holistic approach to analysing adult education for social change inclusive of material, political, and social conditions and the interplay between these from the local to the global level.
The program convincingly exemplified an example of adult education for counter-hegemonic resistance against the dominant neoliberal discourse. It achieved this by enabling participants, based on Freirian pedagogical principles, to locate the problem of social change and frame their strategies to address it within mutually constitutive local and global developments and the discourses that describe them. It provided the underpinning knowledge and skills for effective advocacy and created opportunities to build networks between various stakeholders. At minimum, most advocates accord their participation in the program a supporting role in enhancing their ability to examine causes for social injustices and ways to address these. Some advocates even regarded their program participation as fundamental in understanding these issues. Almost all participants reported an increased skill-set that enabled them to become more effective advocates.
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Businge, Patrick Rusoke. "Education, disability and armed conflict : a theory of Africanising education in Uganda." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/18009.
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Education in conflict settings is a new field of inquiry and there is a paucity of research about this topic as regards the education of children with disabilities. This qualitative study set out to gain insight into how children with disabilities are educated in the conflict setting of Uganda and how it could be improved. This study used a critical, constructivist and grounded research style to generate data. It was critical because its aims and questions focused on addressing the injustices experienced by children with disabilities. It was constructivist as both the participants and myself co-constructed knowledge. It also had some grounded theory features such as emergence and iteration in its methods and tools. For instance, it had three distinct but interrelated stages. The first stage involved an exploratory study which used online methods to gather data from 27 participants who had lived or worked in Uganda. The second stage was an experiential study in two sites in Uganda which used observation and interview methods to collect data from 35 participants. The third and final stage synthesised significant codes and memos constructed from the exploratory and experiential stages into a theory of education. There were four main findings in this study. First, it revealed the nature and extent of the challenges faced by all children living in conflict settings: forced displacement, dehumanisation, rampant poverty and weakened leadership. Second, it discovered that disabled people experienced rejection in their communities and invisibility in the provision of services such as education. Whilst these practices prevailed in non-conflict situations, they were intensified in conflict settings and were counter to the African beliefs on what it meant to be human and live in a community. Third, education in Uganda was likened to disabled people and considered 'creeping' or 'crippled' because of demotivated teachers, disengaged parents, ailing infrastructure and decreasing quality. Fourth and last, participants had visions of educational change which involved modifying it and transforming it into an education that develops conscience in children, reinforces hope and widens opportunities. This research made the following original contributions: generating original data, conceptualising Africanised interviews, and constructing a theory of Africanising education. According to my knowledge I could claim originality to this study in that by 2012, no other study had generated original data on the interfaces between education, disability and conflict in Northern Uganda using a critical, constructivist, and grounded research style. In addition, this research style led to the emergence of Africanised interviews: interviews embedded in the customs and practices of the African people. Importantly, this study led to the construction of a theory which contained critical knowledge on how Africanisation could be thought of and brought about in the setting. Africanisation was understood as the process of using African philosophies such as 'ubuntu' and communalism to transform the 'creeping' education system, reform the colonial curriculum, renew teacher professionalism, mend communities, and re-humanise the relationships between disabled and non-disabled people. Africanisation also entailed decolonising scholarship and this involved quoting African scholars and exposing their philosophies which had been marginalised by Western scholars.
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Jansson, Öhlén Linn. "Expectations, Compassion and Confusion : Volunteers’ experiences and perspectives." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-27934.
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The roots of international voluntary work can be said to stem back to the 19:th century missionary work. It is thus nothing new with westerners wanting to spread their knowledge or help the poor in other countries. However, relatively recently the international voluntary work or, as termed in this thesis, volunteer tourism have become more like an industry. Both the older phenomenon of non-profit organizers of volunteer travels and the newer, nowadays more visible, alternative of commercial companies are to choose from. Within this relatively new landscape of volunteer travels, this study seeks to understand the volunteers’ and the volunteer experience through a comparison of non-profit and profit organizers of volunteer travels. To do this, open-ended interviews were conducted with 14 former volunteers who had travelled with various organizers. The interviews took place in Stockholm, March-April 2015. The theoretical framework is based on critical theories, social movement theory and theories about (volunteer) tourism. The study showed that the experiences of and motivations for volunteering were quite similar between the groups. However, the volunteers’ who had travelled with non-profit organizers were in retrospect less focused on the aim of “helping” and they had to a larger extend revalued the aim and concept of volunteering. The most common least satisfactory part of the travel was the working situation. For all, the in general most valuable outcome of the travel was a cultural insight (exchange) rather than making a difference or helping, which is the common image marketed by many volunteer travel organizers.
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Mohamed, Aisha. "Digesting the Pan-African Failure and the Role of African Psychology : Fanonian understanding of the Pan-African failure in establishing oneness and ending disunity/xenophobia in South Africa." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-44052.
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The study insists on understanding the miscarriage of “Pan-Africanism” and the role of “African” mentality with the help of Fanon’s psychoanalysis “Black Skin, White Mask,” exemplifying the immense colonial, slavery, and apartheid psychological damages experienced by Black individuals resulting Blacks/Africans self-hate and a desire to be “white” throughout the domain of Western culture, ideology, and language. To provide accurate analysis of the “Pan-African” failure to solve increasing blacks-hate-against-blacks/xenophobia in South Africa, concepts othering, mimicry, subaltern from the critical theory (postcolonialism) were applied. Thereupon, Qualitative Content Analysis and Critical Discourse Analysis relying on the theoretical concepts were conducted, which underlined how the mimicry process makes Africa's interaction an elite-driven one, oppressing African/subaltern citizens. The findings showed a need for "Black-Consciousness" and Nkrumah's “Pan-African” vision (African unification) to end colonial-mentality generating collective subordination of Subaltern/Africans. Generally, the use of Fanon’s psycho-social analysis has shown that the generational oppression, trauma, and cultural stereotypes continue to robotize and dictate African leaders and the African Union's favoritism of Western “neo-liberal” policies. It is summarized that the “Pan-African” failure is a failure of gradual unconscious “Pan-Africanists” who pledge allegiance to “Western” policies rather than rededicating themselves to durable Radical “Pan-Africanism” which is an antidote to Africa’s self-hate/xenophobia, neo-colonialism, and the robotization of unconscious Africans.
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Gius, Chiara. "VOLUNTOURISM. La pratica di volontariato internazionale estivo fra viaggio, esperienza di sè e incontro con l'Altro." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3421694.
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In the last twenty years, a growing number of associations has been developing projects on what has been called volunturism, a new type of tourist experience which combines the chance to travel abroad with that of getting involved in voluntary projects destinations as integrated experiences into the holiday one. The intent of voluntarism is twofold: first, it aims to positively impact the social, environmental and economic context of destination.. Second, it leads the volunteer tourist to develop alternative ways of knowledge-developing, consciousness-raising as well as active citizenship. This second point will be the focus of the current thesis. More specifically, my research work will focus on how volunteer tourists represent the practice, both in term of personal growth as well as means to promote cross-cultural understanding and dialogue. In order to investigate this issue, I conducted 29 in-depth interviews with volunteer tourists who have recently came back from their abroad experience. Then, and this is the core of my thesis, I have systematically organized the collected accounts in order to retrace the volunteer tourism experience recognizing its key aspects, and highlighting its weaknesses and strengths. In the analysis particular attention will be reserved to the representations given by volunteer tourists in regard of their self-representation, and on their account of otherness. As conclusions will suggest the capacity of voluntourism to foster cultural understanding and fight stereotypes is not undisputed, and does not have to be taken for granted. Moreover the role of altruism should be, if not downsized, at least further problematized.Negli ultimi vent’anni un crescente numero di associazioni si sono occupate di organizzare e proporre viaggi di voluntourism (dall’unione delle parole inglesi volunteer e tourism e qui reso in italiano con l’espressione “turismo di volontariato”) come un tipo particolare di pratica turistica, associabile ai nuovi turismi morali o responsabili, che abbina alla possibilità di viaggiare all’estero (il tourism, per l’appunto) percorsi di impegno di volontariato da portare avanti nei luoghi di destinazione come parte integrante delle attività del periodo vacanziero. Caratteristica principale di questo tipo di pratica è quella di configurarsi come un’esperienza doppiamente benefica in grado, cioè, sia di produrre un impatto positivo sui contesti sociali, ambientali, ed economici visitati, che di sostenere e stimolare, nei turisti volontari, percorsi di crescita, di conoscenza e di cittadinanza attiva. Obiettivo di questa ricerca è proprio quello di esplorare e contestualizzare in chiave sociologica questo secondo aspetto concentrandosi, in particolare, sulle rappresentazioni che i partecipanti ad esperienze di turismo di volontariato restituiscono della pratica, sia in termini di crescita ed arricchimento personale, che in relazione ai processi di avvicinamento e conoscenza di culture “Altre”. Partendo dall’analisi di un gruppo di 29 interviste semi-strutturate, realizzate al rientro dal periodo all’estero, l’elaborato ripercorre l’esperienza di turismo di volontariato cercando di coglierne, attraverso le rappresentazioni dei turisti volontari, gli aspetti salienti e metterne così in luce punti di forza e debolezze. In particolare dalla trattazione emergerà come la capacità di questo tipo di pratica di promuovere una migliore comprensione dell’alterità non deve venire data per scontata e che il ruolo giocato dalla dimensione altruistica nel definire l’esperienza deve essere, se non ridimensionato, almeno maggiormente problematizzato.
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Greyvenstein, Lisa. "An investigation of excess as symptomatic of Neo-Baroque identified in the work of selected South African artists." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27466.
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This research investigates the Neo-Baroque aesthetic of excess in contemporary South African art, and explores reasons for the emergence of this style. It investigates artists who use their bodies as a site of resistance, to contest or reconstruct the dominant social values which establish differences between bodies to place them within the marginal position of ‘Other’. This investigation relates to post-colonial concerns. The artists’ exploitation of the Neo-Baroque aesthetic of excess as a comment on social concerns reveals a sense of crisis within South African society, similar to the conditions from which the seventeenth century Baroque style evolved. Neo-Baroque aesthetics of excess manifest in a variety of ways, and are particularly evident when artists transgress social boundaries placed on the body through abject and erotic associations. Excess ultimately arises from complexity, as hybrid art forms are created from the combination of media and content found within the art work.Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Visual Arts
unrestricted
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Pontén, Rebecca. ""It's Complicated" The Relationship Between Islam and Gender Equality. : A Comparative Case Study of the Developments of Family Codes in the two Muslim States Tunisia and Algeria." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-373494.
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This paper takes a critical stance to the conventional thinking about the relationship between Islam and gender equality in a functional idea analysis on the family codes in Algeria and Tunisia. With two different outcomes in spite of their historical and cultural similarities, this paper seeks to understand the developments from neo-colonial and Islamic feminist perspectives. The analysis investigates three variables brought from these theories: militarization, anti-westernism and Islamic law interpretation, and their possible effect on the shaping of the family code. By applying them to the historical, cultural and social contexts of the countries and comparing them to each other, the conclusion is made that all of the variables could be used to understand the family code-outcomes. This results in a hypothesized causal mechanism which can be tested on other muslim states, when seeking to understand differences in institutionalized gender equality around the world.
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Rukuni, Samuel. "Theatre-for-development in Zimbabwe : the Ziya Theatre Company production of Sunrise." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27465.
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This dissertation for the M.A. in Creative Writing consists of a full-length play, titled Last Laugh and a mini-dissertation. The mini-dissertation explores the phenomenon of Theatre-for-Development, which differs significantly from the performance tradition of classical African drama. The study identifies ways in which Theatre-for-Development practitioners, animators or catalysts, (interchangeable names given to agents who teach target community members theatre-for-development skills) abandon the conventions of classical African drama performances, in terms of the form of plays, stage management and costumes. They find different and less formal ways to tackle the social problems which the target communities experience. The origins of Classical African drama are traced from the western tradition, from which it borrows heavily, and there is some discussion of the socio-historical conditions that prevailed during the time when African playwrights performed those plays, and the rise of nationalism in colonised African states, which in part influenced their production. This study then examines how the socio-political dynamics in the Zimbabwean post-farm-invasions era gave rise to Theatre-for-Development projects in the newly resettled farming communities that faced social development challenges. Despite the land gains peasants enjoyed, the resettled communities found themselves in places far away from schools, hospitals, shops and social service centres. That was the source of their problems. It will be shown how government sponsored Theatre-for-Development groups to mobilise the people, through theatre, to initiate home-groomed solutions to their social and economic problems during a time when the government was bankrupt and the country’s economy was shattered by the destruction of the agricultural and mining sectors, triggered by the invasions of the white commercial farms. The Ziya Community Theatre’s production of Sunrise is analysed in the light of these considerations.Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
English
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Koons, Casey Joseph. "Dynamics of Concealment in French/Muslim Neo-Colonial Encounters: An Exploration of Colonial Discourses in Contemporary France." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1218057001.
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Tarquini, Valentina. "I folli in cammino : saggio sulle rappresentazioni e i significati della figura del folle nelle letterature dell'Africa nera, francofone e anglofone, dalle indipendenze ai giorni nostri." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAC011.
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La récurrence de la figure du fou errant dans le roman d’Afrique noire suscite bien des questionnements sur les raisons de sa mise en oeuvre dans l’époque tumultueuse des prétendues indépendances. Cette étude couvre un laps de temps allant des années 1950 à la première décennie du nouveau siècle ; et elle inclut les textes narratifs francophones et anglophones en vue de fournir une vue d’ensemble permettant de retracer l’évolution de la représentation du fou d’un point de vue diachronique. L’étude typologique de fous errants précède une analyse du discours dans le texte littéraire focalisée sur trois niveaux : le plan de l’énonciation,celui des techniques romanesques et le plan du langage de l’imaginaire. Il en résulte un dynamisme évoquant l’emprise du fou sur les trois instances du discours, d’où l’hypothèse du fou comme étant une figure de médiation dans les différents domaines de la société : médiateur spirituel et religieux ; interlocuteur intermédiaire avec l’autorité institutionnelle ; et enfin dispositif médian en littérature, aussi bien dans la pratique scripturale que dans l’institution littéraire. Le caractère marginal du fou dans la société et l’élan réformateur qu’il assume à l’époque contemporaine, font de lui un outil cognitif capable de créer un nouveau code littéraire et d’articuler le discours africain en quête d’autonomie. Les mêmes caractéristiques marquent en outre le statut des oeuvres africaines et du romancier dans la situation actuelleThe recurrence of wandering madmen and fools in the black African novel raises many questions about the reasons behind its implementation during the so-called independences. This study covers a time span ranging from the 1950s to the first decade of 2000. It includes Francophone and Anglophone fiction in order to gain an overview that allows one to observe an evolution in the representation of the fool with a diachronic perspective. The typological study of wandering fools precedes the discourse analysis in the literary texts, focusing on three levels: speech, narrative procedures and imagery. It fallows that the fool’s dynamism recalls his impact on the three modes of discourse. This leads to a hypothesis that he is a figure of mediation in many areas of society, being a spiritual and religious mediator, an intermediary to institutions of authority,and even an intermediary in literature, both in writing and in the literary institution. The social marginalization of the fool and the reformist zeal he takes in contemporary times, make him an instrument of knowledge that can create a new literary code and articulate the African discourse in its quest for autonomy. Moreover, these features mark the social status both of African works and of the novelist in the literary scene
La ricorrenza della figura del folle in cammino nel romanzo dell’Africa nera suscita numerosi interrogativi sulle ragioni della sua messa in opera nell’epoca turbolenta delle cosiddette indipendenze. Lo studio abbraccia un arco temporale che va dagli anni ’50 al primo decennio del 2000 e comprende la narrativa francofona ed anglofona al fine di ricostruire una panoramica che permetta di tracciare l’evoluzione della rappresentazione del folle sul piano della diacronia. A uno studio tipologico di folli erranti segue l’analisi del discorso nel testo letterario che si focalizza su tre piani: quello dell’enunciazione, quello dei procedimenti narrativi e quello del linguaggio dell’immaginario. Ne risulta un dinamismo che evoca il dominio del folle sulle tre istanze del discorso, da cui l'ipotesi del folle come una figura di mediazione nei diversi ambiti della società : mediatore spirituale e religioso ; interlocutore intermediario con l’autorità istituzionale ; infine strumento mediano in letteratura, tanto nella pratica della scrittura quanto nell’istituzione letteraria. Ilcarattere marginale del folle nella società e lo slancio riformista che egli assume nella contemporaneità, fanno di lui uno strumento conoscitivo in grado di creare un nuovo codice letterario e di articolare il discorso africano in cerca di autonomia. Le stesse caratteristiche segnano lo statuto delle opere africane e del romanziere nello scenario attuale
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Niatu, A. L. "Dosalsal, the floating ones : exploring the socio-cultural impacts of cruise ship tourism on Port Vila, Vanuatu residents, and their coping strategies." Lincoln University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1383.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the socio-cultural impacts of cruise ship tourism on Port Vila residents and their coping strategies. The study was conducted in Port Vila over the months of June and July 2006. It employs the use of a qualitative research methodology, of participant observation, and semi-structured interviews with a range of tourism stakeholders, including the government, the church and chiefs, as well as a number of small businesses such as public transport operators, small indigenous tour operators and market vendors. These observations and interviews were conducted at the Mama’s Haus project, Centre Point Market Place, and the main wharf area. This thesis was initially aimed at exploring the strategies that the residents of Port Vila used to cope with the impacts caused by cruise ship tourism. As the research progressed, it become apparent from primary data collected that market vendors have not just adapted to the impacts of cruise ship tourism, but that the consequences of their adaptation may be seen as empowering them. They are empowered not just economically, but also psychologically, socially and politically. However, it must be acknowledged that not all small tourist operators in this study felt positively about the impacts of cruise ship tourism; some may be seen as being disempowered. Furthermore, the empowerment of these market vendors is dependent on the continuous flow of cruise ship visits to Port Vila; something beyond their control. The cancellation of future trips or decrease in the number of cruise ship voyages will have significant consequences for the sustainability of this informal sector and the longevity of these micro-enterprises. The study finding implies that coping strategies should not just address how residents and communities cope or respond to tourism, but should also go further by addressing the consequences of the coping strategies adopted.
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Kinuthia, Wanyee. "“Accumulation by Dispossession” by the Global Extractive Industry: The Case of Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30170.
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This thesis draws on David Harvey’s concept of “accumulation by dispossession” and an international political economy (IPE) approach centred on the institutional arrangements and power structures that privilege certain actors and values, in order to critique current capitalist practices of primitive accumulation by the global corporate extractive industry. The thesis examines how accumulation by dispossession by the global extractive industry is facilitated by the “free entry” or “free mining” principle. It does so by focusing on Canada as a leader in the global extractive industry and the spread of this country’s mining laws to other countries – in other words, the transnationalisation of norms in the global extractive industry – so as to maintain a consistent and familiar operating environment for Canadian extractive companies. The transnationalisation of norms is further promoted by key international institutions such as the World Bank, which is also the world’s largest development lender and also plays a key role in shaping the regulations that govern natural resource extraction. The thesis briefly investigates some Canadian examples of resource extraction projects, in order to demonstrate the weaknesses of Canadian mining laws, particularly the lack of protection of landowners’ rights under the free entry system and the subsequent need for “free, prior and informed consent” (FPIC). The thesis also considers some of the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the right to FPIC. These challenges include embedded institutional structures like the free entry mining system, international political economy (IPE) as shaped by international institutions and powerful corporations, as well as concerns regarding ‘local’ power structures or the legitimacy of representatives of communities affected by extractive projects. The thesis concludes that in order for Canada to be truly recognized as a leader in the global extractive industry, it must establish legal norms domestically to ensure that Canadian mining companies and residents can be held accountable when there is evidence of environmental and/or human rights violations associated with the activities of Canadian mining companies abroad. The thesis also concludes that Canada needs to address underlying structural issues such as the free entry mining system and implement FPIC, in order to curb “accumulation by dispossession” by the extractive industry, both domestically and abroad.
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Hsieh, Tsung-Lun, and 謝宗倫. "China''s Strategic Investment in French Africa: Neo-Colonialism?" Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/xn3vc9.
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碩士淡江大學
國際事務與戰略研究所碩士班
101
“Is China a colonizer in Africa?” Such idea has been frequently mentioned by western media. Having successfully carried out “Go Out Policy” in the late nineties, China gradually established close relations with Africa through dense strategic investment. This trend, however, has gone through western countries’ scrutiny, and thus described China a neo-colonizer in Africa. This study seeks to answer the question above by looking into China’s behavior in Africa. While making the entire Africa a research subject is far too vast and vague, this study will focus its geographical scope within French Africa, of which the historical background is relatively similar. This study constitutes three major parts: a. In literature review and the second chapter I will generalize a set of criteria that could eventually determine that whether China is a neo-colonizer; b. The third and fourth chapter will find out what exactly China has done in French Africa; c. The fifth chapter will review China’s behavior using the criteria made, and answer the question in the beginning. This study finds that most of China’s strategic behaviors in French Africa resemble neo-colonialism, but still there are several behaviors was discredited by media. Furthermore, this study shows that, while keeps strengthening multi-area ties with French Africa, China will become more capable of affecting French Africa politically or economically; yet, on the other hand, the obstacles that come along with thriving mutual interactions will bound to be an increasing trend.
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Monika, Maliszewska, and 馬茉莉. "China's post-cold war foreign policy behavior in africa: neo-colonialism?" Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82638957516229055581.
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Fairchild, David. "Čína v Africe: drak ve lvím doupěti." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-415729.
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Announced in 2013 by Chinese President Xi Jinping, the Belt Road Initiative (BRI) is a global development project that extends across Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas. Most Western scholars and politicians have been highly critical of the BRI, particularly in connection with sub-Saharan Africa, defining the project as neo-imperialistic and arguing that only China would benefit from it in terms of political, economic, and military expansion. This thesis uses Kenya, South Africa, and Nigeria as case studies to measure the effectiveness of the BRI in the development of these three countries. On the basis of this analysis, it can be posited that not only China, but also sub-Saharan African countries, specifically continental coastal democracies with access to natural resources that engage with China as business partners within the BRI's context, derive substantial benefits from their partnerships. To different degrees, Kenya, South Africa, and Nigeria, are presented with opportunities to improve their infrastructure, enjoy economic growth, and reduce inequality by engaging in the BRI. Key Words: Sub-Saharan-Africa, China, Belt Road Initiative, development, economics, neo-imperialism, natural resources, infrastructure Title: China and Africa: The Dragon in The Lion's Den
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Lin, Shuan, and 林璇. "Indepedent Dependency: Neo-colonialism in Chinua Achebe's A Man of the People and Anthills of the Savannah." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37870864178335543574.
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碩士國立中興大學
外國語文學系
90
Abstract Many African countries today face various political problems. One of the major problems is the style of leadership and the continued dependence on foreign economic aid. Present-day native leaders govern in the old ways and repeat the same mistakes that have led their nations to chaos. They are unmindful of the fact that they do not offer any worthwhile vision for a people they pauperize and terrorize. Chinua Achebe’s A Man of the People and Anthills of the Savannah reflect some of the traumas experienced by many African nations today. Homi Bhahba’s notions of mimicry and mimic man will be used to discuss the intellectuals in the novels and how their western influence turns into a hegemonic force. Antonio Gramsci’s concept of hegemony will also be discussed in order to examine at how the repressive rule of African countries fails to achieve the balance between coercion and consent.
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García, Doris. "Socio-economic analysis of Paraíba, Brazil : a new form of global integration or continuation of neo-colonialism (1985-2006)? /." 2006. http://www.consuls.org/record=b2802158.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- Central Connecticut State University, 2006.Thesis advisor: Charles Mate-Kole. "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in International and Area Studies." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-76). Also available via the World Wide Web.
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Finnegan, Lesley. "‘The Old Iron Cooking Pot of Europe’ Storytelling, Sleuthing and Neo-colonialism in the Botswana novels of Alexander McCall Smith." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/1592.
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Student Number: 0307561M
Master of Arts
School of Literature and Language Studies
Faculty of HumanitiesIn this study I will interrogate some of the issues and contradictions raised by Alexander McCall Smith’s Botswana novels. These texts feature a black African woman protagonist in a developing society, and have achieved huge popular and commercial success, but they are written by a white European man. I will examine briefly whether the books can be considered as ‘African Literature,’ and how the author has negotiated the interface between history and literature to convince readers and critics in ‘the West’ that he is portraying ‘the real Africa.’ I will investigate the strategies used by the author to create this ‘authentic’, ‘traditional’ effect, how he writes convincingly as, about and on behalf of women, and the use he makes of the detective fiction mode. Ultimately I will consider whether these novels represent a restorative ‘writing back’ or whether they constitute a continuing appropriation of African history, culture and identity, a further re-invention of Africa by and for ‘the West’.
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Cruikshank, Stephen. "Cuba and the neobaroque: twentieth-century reformations of Cuban identity." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4668.
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This thesis project explores the connection between Cuban identity and the twentieth-century Neobaroque. The paper approaches the Neobaroque as a concept that reoriginates or "refracts" culture, implying a relationship between Baroque forms and post-colonial Latin America that creates a transformation of cultural expression. Furthermore, the Neobaroque is seen relating to questions of cultural identity, post-colonialism, transculturation, mestizaje, and Latin American modernity. The Neobaroque's relevancy with Cuba is stipulated in twentieth-century writings of three Cuban authors known as the Cuban triumvirate: José Lezama Lima, Alejo Carpentier, and Severo Sarduy. Similar themes of these writers concerning the Neobaroque's connection with the urban environment of Havana as well as connections to José Martí's writing Nuestra América are highlighted as key components connecting the Neobaroque with Cuban culture.Graduate
0336
0626
scruiksh@uvic.ca
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Yu, Peilin. "O neo-realismo em João-Maria Vilanova: herança da revolta contra a opressão." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/93696.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Literatura de Língua Portuguesa apresentada à Faculdade de LetrasA literary stream from a particular historical period can exert a profound influence not only on the literary work of the same time in the same country, but also on the literary creation of authors from another time and elsewhere. In fact, this influence translates into various aspects of the literary work, including, more generally speaking, the themes and outer forms, while at the same time becoming various innovative features of the work through the hands of the author. Based on this consideration, from the point of view of dissemination, influence and evolution of literary neo-realism, this dissertation intends to analyze the reflection of two fundamental principles of neo-realism that revolve around the socio-political commitment of the literary work in different phases of the history of Angolan poetry, as well as its influence on the themes of oppression and revolt in the poetic work of João-Maria Vilanova, with the aim of seeking, from a comparative perspective of the literary generations, voices from history that echo in Vilanova’s literary texts. The theories that the dissertation applies to poetic texts are mainly post-colonialism, anthropological and Marxist theories, helping to investigate the realities of oppression and violent revolt in the poetry and tales of João-Maria Vilanova. In addition, this dissertation also investigates the characteristics of Vilanova's poetic language, highlighting the discrepancy between Vilanova’s poetic forms and neo-realist forms and demonstrating the angolanity that his poetic language conveys to us in an innovative way.
Uma corrente literária da determinada época histórica pode exercer a influência profunda não apenas sobre a obra literária da mesma altura no mesmo país, mas também sobre a criação literária de autores do outro tempo e em outros lugares. Aliás, essa influência traduz-se em várias vertentes da obra literária, inclusive, dito de modo mais geral, as temáticas e as formas exteriores, enquanto se transforma em diversas características inovadas da obra através das mãos do autor. Baseada nesta consideração, a partir do ponto de vista de divulgação, influência e evolução do neo-realismo literário, esta dissertação pretende analisar o reflexo de dois princípios fundamentais do neo-realismo, que giram em torno do compromisso sociopolítico da obra literária, em diferentes fases da história da poesia angolana, assim como a sua influência sobre as temáticas de opressão e de revolta da obra poética de João-Maria Vilanova, tendo como objetivo procurar, numa perspetiva comparatista das gerações literárias, vozes da história que ecoam em textos literários vilanovianos. As teorias que a dissertação aplicam aos textos poéticos são principalmente o pós-colonialismo, as teorias antropológicas e as marxistas, auxiliando a investigação das realidades de opressão e da revolta violenta na poesia e contos de João-Maria Vilanova. Para além disso, esta dissertação também indaga as caraterísticas da linguagem poética de Vilanova, destacando a discrepância das formas poéticas vilanovianas com as neo-realistas e demonstrando a angolanidade que a sua linguagem poética nos transmite de forma inovada.
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Nenduva, Aphios. "Investigating moral perversion in post-Independence Shona detective novels." Thesis, 2018. http://uir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/25689.
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Text in EnglishThe study unravels moral perversion in selected post-independence detective Shona novels. Moral perversion is a multi-faceted concept and the study focuses on corruption, sexual harassment, abuse of office, stealing, poaching and illegal manufacturing of intoxicating products as the key definers of moral perversion. Afrocentricity merged with Kawaida philosophy are the lenses used to pass critical judgements on the extent the selected literary practitioners portrayed literature rooted in the African ontological existence on moral perversion. Fictional works used as primary sources are Sajeni Chimedza (1984), Mutikitivha Dumbuzenene (1991), Munzwa mundove (1999) and Dandemutande, (1998). All the novels are set in the post-independence era in Zimbabwe when moral perversion is rife. The study is qualitative in nature and data was gathered using questionnaires and interviews from literary critics, publishers and novelists. Particular attention is paid on the causes of moral perversion, images of people in leadership positions and the implications of character assassination of leaders in relation to the development of purposeful literature. The study contends that moral insanity is an acknowledged problem in the post-independence era and novelists are portraying leaders as the chief culprits manning factionalism and unorthodox ways of acquiring resources at the expense of the majority of citizenry. Guided and informed by Afrocentricity, the study argues that novelists are raising pertinent issues although their views are myopic, simplistic and self-defeating because they are failing to see that the leaders are also victims who are victimizing other victims. Blaming the leadership on moral perversion ignoring the impact of colonialism, and neo-colonialism in shaping African personality creates more harm than good as this exonerates the imperialistic system of exploitation which impinges on African culture and personality. Therefore, the study argues that novelists erroneously blame individuals for the sins of a system. There is need to interrogate both external and internal factors to establish sustainable home-grown problem solving solutions to improve human condition and the development of functional literature in Africa.
African Languages
D. Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)
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Couto, Filipe Abraão Martins do. "Lusofonia: da utopia civilizacional à realidade política." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/19819.
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Ao longo deste trabalho, analisar-se-á a complexidade do conceito de lusofonia enquanto projeto civilizacional e a posição dos críticos face a esta temática. O mito do Quinto Império, desenvolvido pelo pensamento espiritual Português e que se encontra fundido no conceito atual de lusofonia, é permanentemente colocado em causa pela comunidade internacional. Numa era secular e num contexto multicultural, este conceito não tem sido apreciado entre os países lusófonos, sendo alvo de desconfiança devido ao seu aparente caráter etnocêntrico e neocolonialista.
Neste cenário, refletir-se-á sobre os efeitos da utopia civilizacional lusófona e a sua relação com as principais dificuldades políticas com que os organismos e instituições públicas se têm deparado, nomeadamente, a CPLP, a AULP e a IILP. Em causa está todo um imaginário pós-colonial de alguns países, que não concordando com o termo lusofonia, têm colocado entraves para uma harmonização político-diplomática. Para além de se avaliar o estatuto do conceito de lusofonia, este trabalho procurará desenvolver propostas de linhas de ação, no sentido de se apontar alternativas filosóficas e diplomáticas em relação à circulação de profissionais de saúde e de educação num suposto espaço lusófono.Throughout this thesis, the complexity of the concept of Lusophony as a civilizational project and the position of the critics on this issue will be object of analysis. The Fifth Empire myth, developed by the Portuguese spiritual thought and that is fused in the current concept of Lusophony, is constantly called into question by the international community. In a secular era and in a multicultural context, this concept has not been appreciated among the Lusophone countries, being target of suspicion, due to its apparent ethnocentric and neo-colonialist character. In this scenery, one will reflect on the effects of the civilizational utopia and its relation with the main political difficulties that the public organisms and institutions have been facing, namely, the CPLP, the AULP and the IILP. At stake is a whole post-colonial imagery of some countries, who, by nor agreeing with the expression of Lusophony, have been blocking a political-diplomatic harmonization. Other than the evaluation of the status of the concept of Lusophony, this investigation will try to develop proposals of lines of action, in order to suggest philosophical and diplomatic alternatives, regarding the mobility of health and education professionals, in a supposed Lusophone space
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McBeth, Renée Erica. "The Bellicose politics of peace." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/2988.
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Despite its presentation as a pragmatic and universally applicable path to peace, the author argues that liberal peacebuilding offers no clear break from past colonial and imperial relations. Liberal peacebuilding is, in fact, colonial in its attempt to penetrate the markets and political systems of post-conflict countries and restructure economies and political life through the hegemonic imposition of liberal norms, facilitating their integration into global capitalism and a liberal community of states. The “liberal peace” created by this political and economic order often involves violent conditions of assimilation and exclusion. Moreover, the confluence of security and development concerns in the 1990s has set the strategic foundation for the incorporation of locally-driven “civil society” approaches to peacebuilding within statebuilding operations.
In this thesis, the author identifies existing criticisms of peacebuilding, and, drawing on theorists such as Michel Foucault, Partha Chatterjee, David Scott, and Jenny Edkins, initiates a deeper critique that considers the historical context of colonialism, legitimations of violence, the construction of the non-west in categories of development, and the relations of power and knowledge associated with liberal approaches to making peace. The author provides a historical and political overview of wars in Angola, proposing that discourses and practices of international peacebuilding have concealed the continuation of war by other means.
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Grand, Nesbeth. "Art and globalisation : the place of intangible heritage in a globalized environment." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/12065.
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The thesis has investigated the place of Zimbabwean indigenous intangible heritage in a globalising environment. It used the Shona language and intangible heritage situation as a case study. It argued that Zimbabwean intangible heritage is continually being eroded by the agents of globalisation and that the only way of safeguarding it from extinction is through the preservation of Zimbabwean indigenous languages. The thesis has come to this conclusion after having established that there is an intimate and inseparable bond between language and its intangible values so much that it is not possible to talk of one devoid of the other. The relationship has been seen to be symbiotic. The Shona language has been established to embody, express and to be a carrier of all the intangible heritage of its speakers into the future by re-living them in the people’s daily life while these intangible values have been seen to conserve the language through their continued practice by the people. The research has also established that Zimbabwean intangible heritage marginalisation has roots in colonialism, dating as far back as the early Christian missionary days. The Shona intangible heritage has also been seen to be still of value despite the global threats as evidenced by the people’s continued re-living of it through language. The thesis has also noted that the Zimbabwean Ministry of Education, Sport and Culture is still using out-dated colonial language policies that still further the ascendancy of English and the intangible values it stands for while indigenous languages and values are marginalised in the education system, in government and in industry thereby worsening their predicament in the global environment. The current socio-economic and political developments in the country and some Shona novelists in Shona and in English are also culprits in this whole process as they continue to demonise and infantilise Zimbabwean intangible heritage. The thesis has therefore asserted that Zimbabwean intangible heritage is most likely to be eroded from the face of the earth if no measures are taken to safeguard it from extinction. It has therefore wound up by arguing that the survival of Zimbabwean intangible heritage lies in the survival of Zimbabwean indigenous languages through which it continues to be practised and felt by its people. The thesis has therefore recommended that the Zimbabwean government adopt sound language policies that safeguard the survival of Zimbabwean indigenous languages to enable the indigenous intangible heritage of the people to survive as well as the two are intricately related.African Languages
(D.Litt.et.Phil.(African Languages))
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Hamila, Ahmed. "Les minorités (in)-visibles au sein de la sphère politique française." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10405.
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Cette étude porte sur la représentation politique des minorités visibles en France. Près de 10% au sein de la société française, moins de 2% au sein de la sphère politique, les Français de la diversité sont sous-représentés, aussi bien au Gouvernement qu’au Parlement. Adoptant une double perspective structurelle et culturelle, nous essayons de suggérer plusieurs pistes de recherches qui expliqueraient la sous-représentation politique des minorités visibles en nous concentrons sur les trois étapes du processus électoral, soit le recrutement, la sélection et l’élection.
Le dessein de cette étude est double. D’une part, il s’agit de mettre en lumière les principaux obstacles qui semblent affecter la sous-représentation politique des minorités visibles, sans pour autant prétendre à l’établissement de liens de causalité directs entre les obstacles évoqués et la sous-représentation des minorités visibles dans la sphère politique françaises. D’autre part, il s’agit de déblayer un terrain d’étude encore trop peu appréhendé en France afin de permettre une opérationnalisation et une évaluation des hypothèses articulées dans d’éventuelles études futures.This research investigates the political representation of ethnic minorities in France. Nearly 10% of the French population is from an ethnic minority, however, only 2% of the politicians are from an ethnic minority. Thus, ethnic minorities are underrepresented in both Parliament and Government. From a twofold structural and cultural perspective, this study focuses on the three steps of the electoral process — recruitment, selection, and election — to suggest several research paths to explain the political underrepresentation of ethnic minorities. The purpose of this study is twofold. First, we try to identify the main barriers that hinder ethnic minorities’ political advancement, without claiming a causal effect between these barriers and the political underrepresentation of ethnic minorities. Second, we try to propose several hypotheses that can be operationalized and evaluated in potential future researches.
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Varandas, Carina Fonseca. "Ajuda Pública ao Desenvolvimento: Portugal e as ex-colónias." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/84536.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Relações Internacionais - Estudos da Paz, Segurança e Desenvolvimento apresentada à Faculdade de EconomiaSocioeconomic development has reached a status that feeds claims of global influence and represents a factor of affirmation of Portugal in the world system, being one of the determining elements of the materialization of the historical ties that connect the country to the territories Portuguese Lusophone. Portugal is known as a developed country that serves the policies of European integration and international aid, mostly aiming at the development of internal and above all external policies of the donor country, in order to contribute to the better positioning of the same in the world.Development cooperation is therefore an important factor for global development as well as for the eradication of poverty and is theoretically the way forward for the development of the quality of life of the populations of less developed countries. Notwithstanding this, some analyzes related to the discourse carried out by ODA donor countries present characteristics assumed as colonialist discourse, allowing them to maintain privileged relations with certain countries.Portugal will serve as a case study in this dissertation, relatively in the study of the differentiation existing in aid relations in Mozambique and Cape Verde, due to the weight of the decisions taken by Portugal over the years, regarding the pattern of choice of countries receiving aid, understanding that aid is skewed and based on neo-colonialist standards.Starting from the argument mentioned above and defended by Arturo Escobar, who is the main determinant in the whole elaboration of this dissertation, the theme is entitled, An analysis of Public Aid for Development: Portugal and the former colonies, trying to answer the whole question the structure of the dissertation, namely to understand how ODA can be seen as a new form of colonialism.
O desenvolvimento socioecónomico alcançou um estatuto que alimenta pretensões de influência global e representa um fator de afirmação de Portugal no sistema mundial, sendo um dos elementos determinantes da materialização dos laços históricos que ligam o país aos territórios africanos lusófonos. Portugal é denominado como um país desenvolvido que serve as políticas de integração europeia e de ajuda internacional, objetivando maioritariamente das vezes a finalidade do desenvolvimento de políticas internas e sobretudo externas do país doador, de forma a contribuir para o melhor posicionamento do mesmo a nível mundial. A cooperação para o desenvolvimento apresenta-se assim como um importante fator para o desenvolvimento mundial, assim como para a erradicação da pobreza, sendo teoricamente o caminho a percorrer para o desenvolvimento da qualidade de vida das populações de países menos desenvolvidos. Não obstante a isto, algumas análises relativas ao discurso realizado pelos países doadores da APD apresentam características assumidas como discurso colonialista, permitindo a estes manter relações privilegiadas com determinados países. Portugal servirá como estudo de caso na presente dissertação, relativamente no estudo da diferenciação existente nas relações da ajuda em Moçambique e Cabo Verde, devido ao peso das decisões tomadas por Portugal no decorrer dos anos, relativamente ao padrão de escolha dos países recetores da ajuda, compreendendo que a ajuda é enviesada e baseada em padrões neocolonialistas.Partindo do argumento supramencionado e defendido por Arturo Escobar, determinante em toda a elaboração da presente dissertação, o tema da mesma intitula-se, Uma análise sobre a Ajuda Pública ao Desenvolvimento: Portugal e as ex-colónias, procurando responder à pergunta que rege toda a estrutura da dissertação, nomeadamente compreender de que forma a APD pode ser encarada como uma nova forma de colonialismo.
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Grand, Nesbeth. "Art and globalisation : the place of intangible heritage in a globalising environment." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/12065.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis has investigated the place of Zimbabwean indigenous intangible heritage in a globalising environment. It used the Shona language and intangible heritage situation as a case study. It argued that Zimbabwean intangible heritage is continually being eroded by the agents of globalisation and that the only way of safeguarding it from extinction is through the preservation of Zimbabwean indigenous languages. The thesis has come to this conclusion after having established that there is an intimate and inseparable bond between language and its intangible values so much that it is not possible to talk of one devoid of the other. The relationship has been seen to be symbiotic. The Shona language has been established to embody, express and to be a carrier of all the intangible heritage of its speakers into the future by re-living them in the people’s daily life while these intangible values have been seen to conserve the language through their continued practice by the people. The research has also established that Zimbabwean intangible heritage marginalisation has roots in colonialism, dating as far back as the early Christian missionary days. The Shona intangible heritage has also been seen to be still of value despite the global threats as evidenced by the people’s continued re-living of it through language. The thesis has also noted that the Zimbabwean Ministry of Education, Sport and Culture is still using out-dated colonial language policies that still further the ascendancy of English and the intangible values it stands for while indigenous languages and values are marginalised in the education system, in government and in industry thereby worsening their predicament in the global environment. The current socio-economic and political developments in the country and some Shona novelists in Shona and in English are also culprits in this whole process as they continue to demonise and infantilise Zimbabwean intangible heritage. The thesis has therefore asserted that Zimbabwean intangible heritage is most likely to be eroded from the face of the earth if no measures are taken to safeguard it from extinction. It has therefore wound up by arguing that the survival of Zimbabwean intangible heritage lies in the survival of Zimbabwean indigenous languages through which it continues to be practised and felt by its people. The thesis has therefore recommended that the Zimbabwean government adopt sound language policies that safeguard the survival of Zimbabwean indigenous languages to enable the indigenous intangible heritage of the people to survive as well as the two are intricately related.African Languages
D. Litt. et. Phil.(African Languages)
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Gudeta, Selamawit Tadesse. "Political unification before economic integration : a critical analysis of Kwame Nkrumah's arguments on the United States of Africa." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/24525.
Full textAbstract:
Kwame Nkrumah was the first African leader to pursue the idea of Africa’s continent-wide
unity with fervour. Many thought that African unity will only be the pooling of poverty and
that Nkrumah’s dream was impossible. Nkrumah was known for his philosophy "Seek ye
first the political kingdom and all things shall be added unto it". He thought that political
unity should precede economic unity, which would naturally follow. Even though the newly
independent African states agreed on the necessity of unity, his philosophy was not
welcomed when the Organisation of African Unity was established in Addis Ababa
(Ethiopia) in 1963. Rather, delegates opted for incremental political integration leading to
economic integration –an aspiration that Africa is still struggling to bring to fruition. This
study demonstrates that Nkrumah’s idea of political unity before economic integration was
and still is valid for Africa’s continent-wide unity. To this end, the study will use textual
sources and use diachronic and integrative approaches as analytical tools.Political Sciences
M.A. (International Politics)
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West, Juliana Margaret. "The Role of Social Work in Contemporary Colonial and Structurally Violent Processes: Speaking to Aboriginal Social Workers who had Child Welfare and/or Criminal Justice Involvement as Youth." 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23854.
Full textAbstract:
As a relatively recent phenomenon, the increasing overrepresentation of Aboriginal persons in both the child welfare and criminal justice systems is of critical importance to the field of social work. As social control systems, how do social workers contribute to or mitigate against overrepresentation as contemporary colonialism? What can social work professionals who themselves have been through these systems add to our social work discourse? A sample of fifteen Aboriginal social workers who had as youth been in either one or both of these systems were interviewed with respect to: what they found was helpful or unhelpful in their interactions as youth with social workers, why they subsequently chose social work as a career, the supports and barriers they encountered along their career path, and the difference their experiences had for their own professional practice. Using structural social work theory, overrepresentation as a contemporary colonializing process was re-conceptualised as structural violence. Institutional Ethnography (IE) and Hermeneutic Phenomenology were used to explore how these neo-liberal ruling relations are produced, maintained, and potentially deconstructed. The findings from this unique population have implications for decolonizing social work practice, education, and research.
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Makhetha, Lesekele Victor. "Doing liberation theology in the context of the Post-Apartheid South Africa." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18568.
Full textAbstract:
The author strongly holds- in the thesis- that the Theology of liberation can inspi re the
poor of South Africa to uproot the post-1994 socio-economic and political evil structures
which continue unabated to impoverish them.
The introductory chapter studies the reasons which motivated the author to write the
thesis. It further discusses the method, the format and the limitations of the thesis.
Chapter one focuses on the author's understanding of the Theology of liberation, and its
historical background.
Chapter two discusses the relationship between the Theology of Liberation and black
theology, while chapter three contemplates on the possibility of the creation of what the
author calls, An African Theology of Liberation.
Chapter four studies the relationship between the Theology of liberation and the Social
Teachings of the Catholic Church as taught by the pope and his council. The study of this
relationship is extremely difficult because of the on-going, and seemingly insurmountable
ideological differences between the two parties. The author suggests, as a solutio n, that
each party seriously considers and recognizes the contextual limitations of its theology.
Chapter five focuses on the implementation of the Theology of Liberat ion into the South
African situation. The author highly recommends the inclusion of the veneration of the
ancestors of Africa, as a perfect instrument by means of which the Theology of Liberation
can succeed in achieving one of its major aims, which is to convert the poor to be leaders of
their own liberation.
The concluding chapter suggests concrete ways through which the Theology of Liberation
can be kept alive and relevant within the South African situation.Philosophy, Practical & Systematic Theology
D. Th. (Theological Ethics)
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Cankech, Onencan Apuke. "Examining the Wrongs Against the Present African Women: An Enquiry on Black Women’s Roles and Contributions from Antiquity - A Black African Male Scholarly Comparative Perspective." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/24546.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis examined the roles and contributions of Black women during the African ancient civilization by analyzing the lives, roles and contributions of Queen Hatshepsut and Nefertiti as case studies and interrogates how Black women positioned themselves as political, military and spiritual leaders during the age of antiquity. The argument is that African women were more involved as leaders in the affairs of their communities as compared to the contemporary times. By using African centered paradigms, Afrocentricity and juxtaposing robust anti-colonial and Black feminist thoughts, the thesis investigates and recreates systematic narratives of the past roles of African women at the very height of African civilization, discussed the changes in sex-gender roles and explained why contemporary women continue to experience difficulties in assessing position of leadership and resources. The study reproduces measured facts to confront the blurred roles and contributions of African women and situates it at the centre of education.
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Babatunde, Samuel Olufemi. "Engagement et militantisme dans le Docker Noir (1956), les Bouts de bois de Dieu (1960) et Xala (1973) de Sembène Ousmane." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19617.
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Text in FrenchMember of the union of black workers in the port of Marseille, in France, and an eyewitness to the misery of black workers in the European environment, Sembène Ousmane, in 1956, wrote, using his personal experiences, his first book entitled The Black Docker. In this novel, he describes the sufferings of the working class, the struggle between colonisers and colonised. In 1960, he uses as a pretext the strike of the Senegalese railway workers in 1937 to write a book entitled God's Bits of Wood. In this story where two forces clashed, on one hand, the colonised struggling against the colonial system and want, at all costs, to improve their living conditions, and on the other hand, the colonisers that are in support of their colonialist ideals and refuse the changes, the author tells the epic story of strikers in Senegal and their relentless struggles against the colonisers to change their living conditions for better. In 1973, an eyewitness of the daily realities of his native country, Senegal, after gaining national sovereignty, Sembène Ousmane wrote and published a book entitled Xala. In this book, he describes the evils of neo-colonialism and criticises the new African middle class, born after independence. After reading these novels, one notes that Sembène Ousmane, a defender of freedom, denounces the injustices done to the blacks, both in the colonial era as well as in the post colonial period. This is why from a book to another, he continues tirelessly his struggle against colonialism and neo-colonialism, evoking the sufferings and tragedies endured by the Africans. It occurs constantly in his imaginary creations, a theme, or better still a dialectical; commitment and militancy. What does he mean by « commitment » and « militancy » ? How do these two concepts manifest themselves in the works of the Senegalese writer? What strategy does he propose to the oppressed in the struggle against the oppressors? What means has he put at the disposal of the disinherited struggling to break the yoke of oppression and exploitation in order to achieve freedom and equality?
Membre du syndicat des travailleurs noirs, au port de Marseille, en France, et témoin oculaire de la misère vécue par les ouvriers noirs dans ce milieu européen, Sembène Ousmane, en 1956, écrit, en se servant de ses expériences personnelles, son premier ouvrage intitulé Le Docker noir. Dans ce roman, il décrit la souffrance de la classe ouvrière, la lutte entre colonisateurs et colonisés. En 1960, il se sert d’un prétexte, la grève des ouvriers sénégalais en 1937, pour écrire un ouvrage intitulé Les Bouts de bois de Dieu. Dans ce récit, où s’affrontent deux forces, d’une part les colonisés qui luttent contre le système colonial et veulent, à tout prix, l’amélioration de leurs conditions de vie, et d’autre part, les colonisateurs qui soutiennent les idéaux colonialistes et refusent le changement, l’auteur relate l’histoire épique des grévistes au Sénégal, et la lutte implacable qu’ils mènent contre les colonisateurs pour le changement de leurs conditions de vie. En 1973, témoin oculaire des réalités quotidiennes de son pays natal, le Sénégal, après son accession à la souveraineté nationale, Sembène Ousmane écrit et publie, un ouvrage intitulé Xala. Dans ce livre, il décrit les méfaits du néocolonialisme et critique la nouvelle classe bourgeoise africaine, née après l’indépendance. Après lecture des trois romans, on constate que Sembène Ousmane, défenseur de la liberté, dénonce les injustices faites aux Noirs, aussi bien à l’époque coloniale qu’à la période postcoloniale. C’est pourquoi, d’un ouvrage à l’autre, il continue, inlassablement, sa lutte contre le colonialisme et le néocolonialisme, en évoquant les souffrances et les drames endurés par les Africains. Il revient, constamment, dans ses créations imaginaires, à une thématique, ou mieux une dialectique, l’engagement et le militantisme. Qu’entend-il par « engagement » et « militantisme »? Comment ces deux lexèmes se manifestent-ils dans les écrits de cet écrivain sénégalais? Quelles stratégies propose-t-il aux opprimés dans la lutte qui les oppose aux oppresseurs? Quels moyens met-il a la disposition des déshérités en lutte pour briser le joug de l’oppression et celui de l’exploitation afin d’obtenir la liberté et l’égalité?
Linguistics and Modern Languages
D. Litt. et Phil. (French)
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Abadie, Delphine. "Reconstruire la philosophie à partir de l'Afrique : une utopie postcoloniale." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20587.
Full text
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Van, der Merwe Anna Susanna Petronella. "Postkolonialiteit in die twintigste- en een-en-twintigste-eeuse Afrikaanse drama met klem op die na-sestigers." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1219.
Full textAbstract:
Text in AfrikaansIn this thesis the term post-colonialism in the Afrikaans drama is investigated, focussing on the post-sixties. The term post-colonialism is difficult to define. Not only are theories of post-colonialism in a state of continuous flux and shifting emphasis, but as a result of different colonial dominations, separate identities have been constructed in South-Africa; so that defining the terms colonial, post colonial and post-colonial proves to be even more problematic. The purpose of this study is to determine to what extent the Afrikaans drama fits into these discourses. The basic point of departure is the fact that post-colonialism played a considerable role in the development of the Afrikaans drama, at the same time providing a more varied scope. The research covers several aspects of post-colonialism in Afrikaans drama; each dealt with in a separate chapter. A multitude of perspectives are featured within the broader discourse in order to obtain multiple norms and standards in a phase of self-criticism. The focus falls mainly on themes and not on performance aspects. New perspectives on issues such as canon texts, silence, hero-worship, the portrayal of woman, patriarchy, and neo-colonialism are presented (chapter 1). In chapter 2 focus falls on the period before 1960, and notably the question of nationalism (associated with apartheid) and the portrayal of the Afrikaner. The literary canon, forms of violence and the position of the super-Afrikaner are viewed in a new light during the re-writing of post-colonial history and the resulting paradigm shifts after 1960. Renewed emphasis is placed on discourse concerning land (chapter 3). Contrasting concepts regarding race, class, language, gender and religion are reconsidered in order to contribute towards the heterogeneous nature of post-colonialism (chapter 4). The function of theatre is to re-evaluate in the context of a post-1994 democratic system. Texts now focus especially on empowerment, re-discovery and re-ordering of history, reconciliation, inter-cultural contact and a post-apartheid syndrome (chapter 5). Anti-hegemonic resistance in Afrikaans literature since the sixties has confronted writers with the challenge of depicting or creating a larger post-colonial reality through their texts.
Afrikaans & Theory of Literature
D. Litt. et Phil. (Afrikaans)
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Stokes, Tonja LaFaye. "Informing practice and sabotaging membership growth: an ideological rhetorical analysis of discursive materials from Kiwanis International." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/7982.
Full textAbstract:
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)This study utilizes an ideological rhetorical analysis, applying Marxist and Feminist lenses, to artifacts from Kiwanis International, a prominent global service organization. These artifacts are: "The Permanent Objects of Kiwanis," guiding principles that were codified in 1924; "The Man Who Was God": a brief story about transforming from Kiwanis member to "Kiwanian," published in 1935 and 1985, respectively; and the 2012 "Join the Club" Membership Brochure. The rhetoric of discursive materials is one of the most salient representations of group ideology. In turn, ideology, particularly when it reflects and perpetuates social hegemony, has a normalizing effect on itself. Ideology shapes identity; identity shapes strategies to set process norms that create social cohesion. Norms of social cohesion become culture; culture reinforces ideology. When these components mirror social hegemony and replicate hegemonic power, they create institutions, like service organizations; these institutions then legitimate and normalize positions of social privilege. Ultimately, ideology and social hegemony reveal themselves through organizational and member practices and organizationally-produced discursive material. The purpose of this study is to analyze the historical, socio-political, and socio-cultural roots of Kiwanis International in order to draw logical conclusions about the organization's ideology for the purposes of understanding how that ideology contributes to, justifies, and perpetuates an unconscious, neo-colonial view of philanthropy. Kiwanis International, on an organizational (macro) level and at the club/member (micro) level, is structured around positions of racial, ethnic, socio-economic, linguistic, gender, and religious privilege, and so mimics the hegemonic power centers and dominant ideologies of society at large. In turn, the products and practices of the organization reflect these positions of privilege and inhibits the organization's ability to attract traditionally excluded, disenfranchised, or under-represented groups. Understanding that it is a contentious and futile to simply point where power relations exist and assert themselves, this study emphasizes where "othering" occurs in hopes of mitigating relations of domination and oppression between Kiwanis members and perspective members, and of moving forward the interests of those who have not traditionally been counted among Kiwanis' members but whose presence could save the organization.