Dissertations / Theses: 'Neo-institutionalism'

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Galindo, Abarca Maria Fernanda. "Neo-institutionalism and corporate responsibility initiatives : the case of cement corporations in Mexico adopting the United Nations Global Compact." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2014. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/63681/.

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This study adds to institutional theory. It addresses the paradox of embedded agency, which has been central in the study of institutions and organizations, i.e. how can actors change institutions when they are conditioned by the same institution they are trying to change? This debate is addressed by analyzing the process organizations follow when adopting the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC). The research is based on theory generation from case study evidence. It is an interpretative study based on four cases of adoption of the UNGC in the cement industry in Mexico. The study takes into account the interaction between three levels of analysis: field; organizational; and individual. Early neo-institutional studies neglected intra-organizational phenomena. However, this study shows how individual behavior provides the micro-foundations necessary to address the paradox of embedded agency. The study relates theory to practice. It offers insight to the principle- and reporting-based Corporate Responsibility Initiatives (“CRIs”) phenomenon; there is no prior research on the process organizations follow when adopting these initiatives. This research constructs a model, showing how principle- and reporting-based CRIs are translated, not diffused, when incorporated by organizations. The process of translation explains how initiatives are reshaped and reinvented when taken-up by individuals in organizations. However the diffusion model is more accepted among managers, mainly because it offers the illusion of control, while the translation model shows the uncertainty and ambiguity of the adoption process (Czarniawska, 2008). At the individual-level, this study shows the active role of individuals in change processes. It explains how the recursive relationship between the actions of translators intending to change institutionalized practices, and the resistance they encounter, feeds the translation process. Translators are embedded in the organization and are reproducing established activities. But they use their embeddedness to overcome resistance and change the taken-for-granted way of working. At the organizational-level, this empirical study shows how change is a way of achieving the substantive implementation of newly adopted initiatives, and how resistance promotes change. The study shows how institutional pressures are influential; they result in processual isomorphism. The four organizations, despite their different governance structures, are following the same translation process. However, this study links the macro-processes of isomorphism to the microprocesses explaining intra-organizational phenomena; it finds that homogeneous processes also result in heterogeneous actions. The specific activities implemented by each organization are idiosyncratic. These heterogeneous actions are the result of the interaction between the institutional environment and the resistance encountered by translators within the organization. In this way, this study shows how the UNGC is impacting organizational practices. How much organizations benefit from joining the UNGC depends on the level of development of their CSR programs and strategies at the time of the UNGC's adoption.

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Ward, Robert C. Jr. "The Chaos of Covergence: A Study of the Process of Decay, Change, and Transformation within the Telephone Policy Subsystem of the United States." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28175.

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This dissertation was developed as two distinct themes within one final study. The first theme is located within Chapter 2 and Chapter 3. These two chapters examine the nature of both policy analysis and organizational theory in terms of their development within the American versions of Public Administration and Political Science. I conclude that the distinctions that have been created between the two areas of research are false, and that within the basic structure of American political theory both policy development and administrative implementation are a single unified endeavor. I then propose that Anthony Giddens Theory of Structuration offers both policy analysis and organizational theory a meta-theory that would allow for both areas of research to be reconnected. Various policy and organizational analysis models are examined, and alterations in these models are suggested to comply with the basic concepts of Giddens Theory of Structuration. A final model of analysis is presented which incorporates elements from these various models, and allows for the examination of the overall operation of a policy subsystem in terms of both policy analysis and organizational theory. The second theme is located within Chapters 4 through 10. The analytical model that was created in the first theme is applied it to a specific policy subsystem, namely the wire-based telecommunications industry of the United States. The relationship between the industry and government is examined from its original inception to the implementation of the Telecommunications Deregulation Act of 1996. Seven distinct periods of development are analyzed. Each period of analysis seeks to locate the basic underlying structural principles forming the foundations for decisions in both the private and public sectors, and the processes for adaptation and adjustment. The examination of the processes engaged in the various periods supports the conclusion reached in the original analytical model, namely that political and administrative interaction are in fact linked, forming a unified process. A single underlying structural principle is located that has formed the basis for the policy subsystems existence, namely the concept of Compound Federalism as originally envisioned by the Republic's Founding Fathers.
Ph. D.

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Darwich, Yosef, and Sanna Österman. "De sociala perspektivens betydelse hos barn och ungdomar där det finns misstanke om ADHD." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för socialvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-4338.

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Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur professionella inom elevhälsan på tre skolor samt en specialenhet inom barn och ungdomspsykiatrin förhåller sig till sociala perspektiv hos barn och ungdomar där det finns misstanke om ADHD samt hur ser möjligheterna och förutsättningar för ett sådant förhållningssätt. Hur ser elevhälsan och BUP på orsaksförklaringar för denna målgrupp där misstanke om ADHD föreligger. Studien har en kvalitativ forskningsansats och är baserad på sju semistrukturerade intervjuer med socionomer och psykologer inom elevhälsan och BUP. Analysen av resultatet har skett med nysinstitutionell organisationsteori. Resultatet visar att de professionella ansåg att det var av stor vikt att granska de sociala perspektiven vid misstanke om ADHD. De intervjuade kunde i sina respektive verksamheter urskilja en rad orsaksförklaringar i barn och ungdomars sociala miljö hos dem med ett beteende likt ADHD, utöver en neuropsykiatrisk förklaringsmodell. Faktorer som ansågs vara speciellt problematiska var uppväxtmiljö och en resurssvag skolmiljö som ställer högre krav på barn och ungdomars självständighet. Majoriteten av de professionella menar att möjligheterna och förutsättningarna för att anlägga ett socialt perspektiv i fall hos barn och ungdomar med beteende likt ADHD försvåras av organisatoriska och ekonomiska orsaker. Respondenterna utrycker att socionomens med sin yrkeskunnighet ej alltid ses som självklar när det kommer till misstanke och utredning av ADHD. Respondenterna menar att läkaren och till viss del psykologer har mandat att sätta diagnosen ADHD. Detta menar respondenterna har lett till en mer ensidigt tolkning av beteende likt ADHD där den neuropsykiatriska förklaringsmodellen i många fall dominerar när man misstänker eller utreder ett barn för beteende likt ADHD. De intervjuade önskar ett mer nyanserat perspektiv vid misstanke om ADHD där man kan utreda olika orsaksförklaringar i större utsträckning.
The aim of the study was to examine attitudes of healthcare and support workers, in three Swedish primary schools and one special unit for child and adolescence mental health (BUP), towards the social aspects of children and adolescence with suspicion of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study further aimed to investigate to what extent the health services provide opportunities and favourable conditions for stimulating a social perspective when there is a suspicion of ADHD, and what explanations health services professionals give where suspicion of ADHD exists. The study was carried out using qualitative methods and was based on seven semi-structured interviews with social workers and psychologists within educational health and support services and BUP. The outcomes of the interviews were analysed using an organisational theory based on neo-institutionalism. The results showed that health services professionals considered the social perspective to be of high relevance when investigating cases of suspected ADHD. Interviewees from different operational areas were able to identify a number of potential causes to a behavior like ADHD in the children’s social environments in addition to the neuropsychological explanation model. A number of potential factors were identified by the interviewees, including the children’s upbringing environment and a lack of resources in schools, where higher and higher demands of independence are put on children and adolescence. A majority of the interviewed health care professionals pointed to a high degree of difficulty in applying a social perspective explanatory model to children exhibiting behaviour reminiscent of ADHD due to organisational and economic circumstances. The general view was that this was made difficult due to the lesser or greater influence of particular professional groups, leading to what the interviewees referred to as a one-sided interpretation of behaviour similar to ADHD favouring the neuropsychological model. The interviewees desired a wider perspective when a suspected case of ADHD emerges where one can utilise the different explanatory models to a greater extent.

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Jacobs, Paul D. "Bringing the States Back in: Institutional Determinants of State Level Immigration Policies." DigitalCommons@USU, 2016. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4939.

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The devolution of immigration policy to the 50 states has resulted in the enactment of more than 1,500 state-level immigration since 2005. For the record 42 million immigrants living in the U.S., these laws have had tremendous consequences related to healthcare utilization and access, community relations with law enforcement, family dissolution, and the exacerbation of income inequalities. While the legislative arena has shifted to the states, our understanding of immigration policymaking remains unclear due to inconsistent and omitted predictors of immigration policy, subjective coding of immigration laws, and statistical modeling that does not take into account changes in key independent variables. Using data primarily from the Census Bureau’s American Factfinder, the Current Population Survey, and the National Council of State Legislatures, and other sources this research refines the quantitative determinants of immigration policy while using time-series analysis to highlight the factors linked to laws designed to integrate or exclude immigrations in the 50 states. Once empirical analysis is conducted, I delve into the details of state level immigration policymaking by interviewing state level bureaucrats within state health departments to determine the role that they, their data analysis, and the research play when it comes to influencing legislators and shaping immigration policy. This mixed methods approach combining statistical modeling and key informant interviews provides important findings that give a clear picture on why state institutional arrangements are crucial for understating immigration policy at the state level.

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Sjölind, Erik. "Sverigedemokraterna och”armlängds avstånd” : En kritisk diskursanalys av debatten om kulturens autonomi." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och kulturvetenskap (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-77725.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze the Sweden Democrats’ cultural policy by using two high profile cases in two different counties. The questions can be summarized as follows: What types of discourses can be found within the debates on the county- and national level about the Sweden Democrats’ cultural policy in general and their view on the so-called arm’s length principle in particular? What actions are taken in counties with a Sweden Democrats leadership?What type of role does culture politics play as an instrument for different actors? By using critical discourse analysis, I analyze the debates regarding socio-cultural practice, drawing on a perspective of sociological neo-institutionalism. The result of this study shows that there is a cultural- freedom discourse and a democratic discourse hegemony contested by a rightwing populist discourse and a cultural heritage discourse. This hegemony still maintains the arm’s length principle, while the rightwing populist discourse and the cultural heritage discourse challenge it’s meaning. This has led to institutional changes in form of research about the state cultural freedom and the arm’s length principle from the department of culture.

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Dekavalla, Georgia, and Sara Melina Sabzian. "Welcome to madness : The role of Greece as the gatekeeper of Fortress Europe." Thesis, Linnaeus University, School of Social Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-8372.

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This thesis aims to explore the different aspects of the phenomenon of migration in Greece, as a case study. The choice of country is motivated by its geographical position at Europe’s external borders. In order to gain an insight into the reality that migrants are faced with when searching for a better life in Europe, a field study was conducted in Athens, Greece during a period of six weeks in the spring of 2010. The field work included interviews with various actors and individuals that are directly involved in migration issues, informal discussions with migrants and personal observations. Additionally, secondary sources such as previous studies were used. The framework used to approach the material included elements from neo-institutionalism, hermeneutics as well as critical theory.

The most important conclusions reached incorporate that the rights of migrants are not respected in any aspect of the societal sphere, or in other words the three institutional pillars, the regulative, normative and cultural-cognitive. As a result, there are double standards applied to Europeans respective migrants. As a possible cause of the problematic situation described, underlying perceptions of national identity versus "otherness" are identified. These perceptions derive from a deeply rooted acceptance of social constructions such as national borders, as undisputable facts.

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Zaman, Mujadad. "The university in the knowledge society : a neo-institutionalist approach to the 'idea' of the university." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/285557.

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This thesis is an investigation into fundamental questions concerning the aims, purpose and goals of the university within the emerging 21st Century post-industrial, Knowledge Society (KS). Inquiries of this nature are often referred to as the 'idea' of the university and whilst a growing academic literature questions what an 'idea' for the institution may look like in light of the arguably unique context of the Knowledge Society, it has yet to be fully addressed. In order to do so, this thesis is methodologically framed by the sociological school of neo-institutionalism. This is a perspective within institutional theory which views institutions as not passive recipients of social values but able to dictate their own ideals upon society. The university in this view becomes a 'primary institution' capable to imprint its values upon the KS and thus giving it a prominent role in that society. In order to articulate an 'idea' of the university, the thesis begins with a critical review of the literature, specifically the manner in which university-KS relations are conceived. This concludes with a summative statement about such relations in the form of the 'problem of knowledge' i.e. an attitude which increasingly reduces knowledge in the university to means-end and economic propositions. An alternative conceptualisation is proposed which offers an optimistic approach to the university in the KS, one conceived through presumptions by the neo-institutionalist school and coined 'Knowledge Plasticity'. As there are no formal methods for creating an 'idea', the second part of the thesis undertakes an extensive review of seminal works in the field revealing three conditions to which such proposals generally conform. Taken together, these conditions serve as the methodological frame for creating an 'idea' for the university. The first of these, contextual clarity, having been achieved through the literature review, moves to the second condition, theoretical development, and entails an exploration of Knowledge Plasticity. This investigation reveals a 'tension of imbalance' within this concept which the 'idea' of the university must resolve, this being the final condition of the 'idea'. In order to do this, the 'University of Imagination' is identified as the 'idea' whose purpose is to bring about dynamic balance within the institution. Finally, the proposed University of Imagination is compared with the classical Liberal university suggesting a more effective means for the liberal 'idea' to become realised in the KS namely, through engaging with the former. As a philosophical contribution to the literature, the University of Imagination encourages us to be optimistic and emboldened by the project of education and offers a path to navigate the challenges and uncertainties facing the university in the 21st Century.

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Kuhl, Mara. "Umsetzungsbedingungen für eine europäische Gleichstellungsstrategie im post-kommunistischen Kontext : Gender Mainstreaming in Estland." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2007/1515/.

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Gegenstand der Untersuchung ist die Umsetzung der europäischen, gleichstellungspolitischen Strategie Gender Mainstreaming (GM) in der Ministerialverwaltung des neuen EU-Mitgliedslands Estland. GM hat die Umsetzung der Gleichstellung von Männern und Frauen zum Ziel und wird als eine Querschnittsaufgabe mit Instrumenten der Verwaltungsmodernisierung (Folgenabschätzung, Wissensmanagement, u.a.) umgesetzt. Wie diese Strategie in der Ministerialverwaltung als ausführendes Organ der Regierung aufgenommen, übersetzt und umgesetzt wird in einem Land, das viele Jahrzehnte dem kommunistischen Gleichheitspostulat unterworfen war und als Staatsneugründung seine nationale Verwaltung erst aufbauen musste, wird in der Arbeit beschrieben und analysiert. Die Dissertation ist in vier Teile gegliedert: in Teil I wird in den Untersuchungsgegenstand und die Methode der Arbeit eingeführt. Teil II beschreibt die gesellschaftlich-politischen und administrativen Rahmenbedingungen im Fallbeispiel Estland. Teil III widmet sich dem Untersuchungsgegenstand „Umsetzung von GM in der estnischen Ministerialverwaltung“. Der IV. Teil beschließt die Arbeit mit der Analyse der Zusammenhänge zwischen den Rahmenbedingungen und der Umsetzung. Teil I beginnt mit der Darstellung des Forschungskonzepts, das sich aus Elementen der Verwaltungswissenschaft und der Forschung zu staatlichen Strukturen für Gleichstellungspolitik, einem Zweig der politikwissenschaftlichen Geschlechterforschung, zusammensetzt. Damit wird für die Untersuchung von GM erstmals systematisch die Verwaltungswissenschaft herangezogen. Die Arbeit wird methodisch und theoretisch als explorativ-explanative Single Case Studie verortet, die sich an neo-institutionalistischen Ansätzen orientiert. Teil II der Arbeit führt in das Fallbeispiel Estland ein: Es werden drei identifizierte Interpretationsmuster dargestellt anhand derer in Estland die Vergangenheit als besetzte Nation und die Gegenwart als demokratischer Staat (re )konstruiert werden und die das estnische, kollektive Selbstverständnis prägen. Anschließend werden die gesellschaftlichen und administrativen Rahmenbedingungen und Einflussfaktoren beschrieben, die für die Umsetzung von Querschnittsreformen in der öffentlichen Verwaltung und für die Umsetzung von Gleichstellungspolitik von Bedeutung sind. Die Forschungsergebnisse in Teil II zeigen über die empirischen Befunde hinaus, dass Estland nicht immer eindeutig in klassische politikwissenschaftliche Kategorien einzuordnen ist. Sowohl die Transitionssituation des Landes als auch die an westlichen Demokratien ausgerichteten Untersuchungskriterien sind für diesen Befund ursächlich. Teil III der Arbeit widmet sich dem Untersuchungsgegenstand GM. Nach grundlegenden Informationen zu dieser Verwaltungsmodernisierungsstrategie folgt die Darstellung der Umsetzung in der estnischen Ministerialverwaltung. In Teil IV der Dissertation werden die in Teil II beschriebenen Variablen auf die Umsetzung von GM (Teil III) bezogen. Die Analyse erfolgt anhand von Kriterien, die sich aus der Auswertung internationaler GM-Implementierungserfahrungen ergeben. Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass das post-kommunistisch geprägte, gesellschaftliche Klima besondere Legitimitätsprobleme für eine an Gleichheit orientierte staatliche Politik schafft. Dies kann die schwache zivilgesellschaftliche gleichstellungspolitische Lobby nur sehr begrenzt beeinflussen. Die strukturellen Bedingungen der estnischen Ministerialverwaltung mit ihrer geringen Koordinationsfähigkeit und politischen Steuerbarkeit machen eine effektive Umsetzung von Querschnittsreformen allgemein schwierig. Als produktiv für die Umsetzung hat sich der hohe Grad der fachlichen Professionalität und Politikversiertheit der kleinen, gleichstellungspolitischen Elite in der Ministerialverwaltung herauskristallisiert. Über Kooperationen mit internationalen Akteuren und estnischen zivilgesellschaftlichen Kräften sowie einzelnen interessierten Personen in der Verwaltung treibt sie die Umsetzung von GM voran. Sie nutzte die EU-Beitrittsverhandlungen um politischen Handlungsdruck für die Verwaltungsmodernisierung durch GM aufzubauen. Nachdem dieser seit dem Beitritt nicht aufrecht erhalten werden kann, zeichnet sich eine neue Umsetzungsstrategie ab. Es wird zukünftig nicht mehr vor allem an den normativen und kognitiven Strukturen in der Verwaltung, also den Einstellungen und Fachkompetenzen des Verwaltungspersonals zu gleichstellungsorientierter Arbeit, angesetzt. Vielmehr sollen neue, gleichstellungsrelevante Wissensbestände durch Expertinnen und Experten und exponierte Persönlichkeiten in die Gesellschaft und die Verwaltung transportiert und damit grundlegende gesellschaftlich-normative Voraussetzungen für die Rezeptivität von GM verbessert werden.
The object of research is the implementation of the European equal opportunities policy ‘gender mainstreaming’ (GM), in the ministerial administration of the new European Union member state Estonia. GM is a transversal task that employs the instruments of administration modernisation (impact assessment, knowledge management and others), its aim is equal opportunities for men and women at all levels. This paper describes and analyses how GM strategy is received, interpreted and implemented by the ministerial administration, as executive body of government, in a country that has had to rebuild its national administration following years of subjugation to the communist egality postulate. The dissertation is divided into four parts. Part I introduces the research object and methodology. Part II describes the socio-political and administrative framework of the case example Estonia. Part III is devoted to the research object ‘Implementation of GM in the Estonian ministerial administration’. Part IV concludes the paper with an analysis of the correlations between the socio-political parameters and the implementation. Part I begins with the presentation of the research concept that comprises elements from Public Administration and research on state structures for equal opportunities policy, a field of gender studies in political science. This means that for the first time the science of public administration is being systematically applied to GM research. The research employs explorative/explanative single case study methods and theory in accordance with neo-institutionalism approaches. Part II introduces the case study Estonia describing three identified interpretation models on the basis of which Estonia is (re)-constructing its past as an occupied nation and the present day as a democratic state, and which characterise Estonian national identity. Finally, an account is given of the social and administrative parameters and the influencing factors significant for the implementation of both transversal reforms in public administration and equal opportunities policies. Research results in part II go beyond the empirical findings and show that Estonia cannot always be conclusively classified within standard political science categories. This is due both to the country’s transitional situation as well as to research criteria that are tailored to Western democracies. Part III is devoted to the research object GM. Key information on this modernisation strategy is followed by a report on its implementation in the Estonian ministerial administration. In part IV of the dissertation the variables described in part II are related to the implementation of GM (part III). This analysis is carried out on the basis of criteria resultant from the evaluation of international experience of GM implementation. The research shows that the social climate of the post-communist era generates specific legitimacy problems for a national policy based on equality, upon which the powerless equal opportunities lobby in civil society has only limited influence. The structural conditions in the Estonian ministerial administration, with their limited coordinating ability and political governance, render effective implementation of transversal reforms generally quite difficult. It has emerged that the small equal opportunities 'elite' in the ministerial administration with their high degree of professionalism and political experience is /the /crucial factor for the GM implementation process. Through cooperation with international players and powers within Estonian civil society, as well as interested individuals in the public administration, they are able to keep implementation of GM going. They used EU-membership negotiations to build political pressure to modernise the public administration with GM. Following EU-membership this could not be sustained and a new implementation strategy is now beginning to emerge. In future, efforts will no longer be concentrated mainly on the normative and cognitive structures in the administration, meaning the attitudes and professional competences of the administrative staff with regard to equal opportunities. Instead, the intention is to transport new corpuses of knowledge relevant to equal opportunities into society as a whole, and public administration in particular, by experts and persons in exposed positions. In this way the elite expects fundamental socio-normative preconditions for receptivity of GM to be influenced for the better.

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Jawad, Amir. "Bachelor thesis." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23412.

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The objective of this thesis was to investigate organizational changes in a municipal administration. The case in focus for this study has been the labour market administration in the city of Helsingborg. Methods that have been used in this study has been a qualitative approach as well as having conducted for semi structured interviews with public officials. Furthermore, the main theoretical framework in this study has been a neo-institutional theory. The conclusions that this thesis has drawn is that organisations are affected by their surrounding world, both directly and indirectly which is expressed as normative isomorphism, coercive isomorphism and mimetic isomorphism.

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Vieira, Mussa Agostinho Vaz. "Análise comparativa das políticas públicas para a educação superior no Brasil (1995-2010): ruptura e/ou continuidade?" Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9082.

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O trabalho a ser desenvolvido tem como objetivo compreender a relação complexa da política pública para a educação superior, entre 1995 e 2010, utilizando arcabouço teórico do neo-institucionalismo. Por meio da análise tridimensional da política (polity, politics e policy), a pesquisa procurará construir o ambiente multifacetado do processo de gestão da política pública, que teve início na constituição da agenda pública e perpassa a formulação e a implementação da política educacional nos governos dos presidentes Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995 a 2002) e Luis Inácio Lula da Silva (2003 a 2010). O fio condutor é a dinâmica da Arena Decisória de Educação Superior, na qual a política pública gestada pelo Ministério da Educação (MEC) influenciou e foi influenciada pelo conjunto de atores governamentais e sociais. A política pública foi entendida como um conjunto sistêmico interdependente de Sete Pilares, a saber: autonomia, centralização do poder decisório, avaliação, formação de professores, flexibilização curricular, expansão e financiamento, que contribuíram para intervenção do Poder Público em prol da expansão da educação superior. Levando-se em conta as especificidades de cada momento histórico, o trabalho pretende construir um ambiente socioeconômico e as limitações fiscais, a fim de estabelecer uma análise comparativa entre as duas presidências.
Work being developed aims to understand the complex relationship of public policy for higher education between 1995 and 2010, using the theoretical framework of neo-institutionalism. Through dimensional analysis of the policy (polity, politics and policy), the research will seek to build the multifaceted environment of the management process of public policy, which began in the constitution of the public agenda and runs through the formulation and implementation of educational policy in the governments of presidents Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002) and Luis Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010). The common thread is the dynamic of Arena Operative Higher Education, in which public policy fomented by the Ministry of Education (MEC) has influenced and been influenced by all the governmental and social actors. Public policy has been understood as a set of interdependent systemic Seven Pillars, namely autonomy, centralization of decision-making, assessment, teacher training, curricular flexibility, expansion and financing, which contributed to the intervention of the government towards the expansion of education above. Taking into account the specificities of each historical moment, the work aims to build a socio-economic environment and fiscal constraints in order to establish a comparative analysis between the two presidencies.

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Andrews, Johanna. "Facing Obstacles to Change : implementing EU gender equality policies in the Central and Eastern European Countries." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2632.

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On May 1st 2004 the European Union was enlarged with ten new countries. Eight of these share a common background as satellite states of the former Soviet Union and today three more are candidate countries for an EU membership. These countries share a state-communist past. In terms of gender equality this affects the countries’ norms regarding gender and the conception of equality between the sexes. The EU has an outspoken commitment to gender equality and has throughout the years developed a number of Equal Opportunity Policies to combat the problem with gender discrimination within the EU. What happens when the EU is implementing these policies into the former communist countries and norms from two different environments meet? T

he thesis aim to critically review and discuss EU equal opportunity policies concerning the labour market in the former communist countries from perspectives of neo-institutionalist and contemporary feminist theory. The discussion concern obstacles to change and the creation of norms regarding gender equality, and whether the specific background (the communist experience) shared by the countries of the Eastern Europe might have implications for the process.

The thesis uses a multi strategy approach, combining text studies, interviews and quantitative data. The analytical framework consists of concepts relating to change and norm formation from cultural neo-institutionalism and a feminist perspective. The input consists of the present rules and roles in the former communist countries and the existing EU equal opportunity policies. The situation that appears when the perspectives meet is analysed from a critical feminist perspective based on modern debates regarding the east-west dichotomy within the school of feminism. By adding concept of change from the school of cultural neo-institutionalism the situation can be evaluated from a norm creating perspective. This creates an opportunity to discuss potential future scenarios.

The findings of the thesis show that there is a significant difference between the theoretical foundation for a discussion on gender equality between the EU15 and the CEEC11. This is reflected in a lack of gender awareness in the CEEC11 acknowledged by both NGOs and EU officials. The implication of this is that the EU is challenged to make the public aware of the importance of these values. They are forced to create a change in the norms governing gender equality in the CEEC11. However, the findings also show that the EU is somewhat uncritical towards its own role as the norm shaper in the process. There is a need for the European Commission to reflect over the present equal opportunity policies in order to create sustainable change. If the EU fail to do so it will most likely be the uncontested norm-holder and socialisation ceases to be a two way process. The consequence may be ineffective policies.

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Schrefer, Justin P. "Path Dependencies and Unintended Consequences: A Case Study of Britain's Entry into the European Community." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001543.

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Monteiro, Maria Gabriela. "Trayectoria y cambios de dirección en las políticas públicas: análisis de la reforma del sistema sanitario brasileño (1975-2015)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400574.

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En las últimas décadas, los estudiosos de la política pública demostraron especial interés en la búsqueda de una explicación para los cambios y continuidades en las instituciones y en las políticas públicas. Los principales desarrollos teóricos, por tratar las institucionales como características relativamente perdurables de la vida política y social (normas, reglas, procedimientos, valores) que estructuran los comportamientos, acabaron dando más énfasis a las explicaciones centradas en la continuidad en lugar del cambio. Consideraron solamente una vía para el cambio, la que lo concibe como un choque abrupto causado por factores externos, lo que interrumpe el equilibrio establecido y provoca un giro en la política. Las características variables y dinámicas, presentes en el ámbito de las políticas, son apartadas del análisis y con ellas las fuentes endógenas del cambio. En esta tesis doctoral nos propusimos ir más allá de las explicaciones convencionales del neoinstitucionalismo. Al ampliar y cambiar el foco de análisis hacia el desempeño de los actores en los procesos endógenos de cambio institucional gradual, mostramos varios medios por los que las políticas pueden modificarse, incluso sin atacar directamente a las instituciones establecidas. El estudio no niega que el diseño de las instituciones puede influir en el comportamiento de los actores, sino que busca profundizar en el vínculo explicativo de esa relación y va más allá. Analizamos diferentes factores que pueden influenciar los cambios que se producen en las instituciones y en las políticas generadas y gestionadas por éstas. Partimos del punto de vista del poder distributivo de las instituciones, utilizando como marco conceptual las teorías de cambio institucional gradual. Elegimos como caso exploratorio la reforma del sistema sanitario brasileño, en la que el cambio fue el resultado de demandas, articulaciones y estrategias de la propia sociedad civil. Nos preguntamos más: ¿cómo podemos explicar los cambios de dirección en la política pública cuando las características que hasta entonces habían sostenido su trayectoria no facilitaban esfuerzos en esa dirección? O aún, ¿por qué incluso formulando políticas que formalmente rompen con el status quo, en la práctica, al implementar la decisión no se sigue la misma dirección? El análisis tuvo en cuenta tres dimensiones: el contexto (político, institucional y del sector sanitario), la direccionalidad (rol y estrategia de los actores) y los diferentes tipos de cambio. Los resultados mostraron que la interacción de las tres variables de contexto puede influir en el tipo de cambio producido. Sin embargo, el vínculo de causalidad entre éstas y el cambio está en el rol y las estrategias de los actores. Los actores favorables u opositores al cambio desarrollarán diferentes estrategias, conforme a sus percepciones de las variables relevantes del contexto, lo que conducirá a un tipo u otro de cambio. Así, tanto el cambio como la estabilidad institucional dependerán de una movilización política activa y constante de los actores. Lo que demuestra que las instituciones no son algo automático, que se perpetúe o se refuerce a sí mismo, como defiende la literatura de path dependence. Por detrás del aparente inmovilismo institucional los actores interactúan dando forma a la agenda del debate y restringiéndola o evitando decisiones colectivas por completo. Esta tesis doctoral refuerza, por tanto, los argumentos explicativos de las teorías del cambio institucional gradual y presenta evidencias que contribuyen a profundizar en el debate.
In recent decades, scholars of public policy have shown special interest in the search for an explanation for the changes and continuities in institutions and public policies. The main theoretical developments, by treating institutions as relatively enduring features of social and political life (standards, rules, procedures, values) that structure the behaviors, ended up giving more emphasis to the explanations focused on continuity rather than change. They only considered one avenue for change, which sees it as an abrupt shock caused by external factors, which disrupts the established equilibrium and causes a shift in policy. Other variable and dynamic features of public policy are left out of the analysis, together with endogenous sources of change. In this doctoral thesis, our goal is to go beyond conventional explanations of neoinstitutionalism. By expanding and changing the focus of analysis to the performance of actors in endogenous processes of gradual institutional change, we show various ways in which policies can be modified even without directly affecting established institutions. The study does not deny that the design of institutions may influence the behavior of actors, but seeks to deepen and go beyond the explanatory link in that relationship. We analyze different factors that can influence the changes that occur in institutions, and the policies that are generated and managed by them. We start from the point of view of the distributive power of institutions, using as a framework theories of gradual institutional change. We chose as an exploratory case the reform of the Brazilian health system, in which change was the result of demands, joint action and strategies of civil society itself. Furthermore we ask: how can changes of direction in public policies be explained when the characteristics that had hitherto sustained their trajectory do not facilitate efforts in that direction? Or even, why is it that policies that are formally formulated to break with the status quo, in practice, are not followed through when the decision is implemented? The analysis took into account three dimensions: the context (political, institutional and of the health sector), directionality (role and strategy of the actors) and the different types of change. The results showed that the interaction of the three contextual variables can influence the type of change observed. However, the causal link between them and the change is in the role and strategies of the actors. The actors that are favorable to or opposed to change develop different strategies according to their perceptions of the relevant contextual variables, leading to different types of change. Thus, both change and institutional stability will depend on an active and constant political mobilization of the actors. Which in turn shows that institutions are not something automatic, which perpetuates or reinforces itself, as advocated by the literature on path dependence. Behind the apparent institutional immobility, actors interact to shape or limit the agenda of the debate, or avoid collective decision altogether. This doctoral thesis reinforces therefore the explanatory arguments of the theories of gradual institutional change and brings evidence that contribute to deepen the debate.

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UBIALI, ENRICO. "The Evolution of Governmental Europeanization in two selected countries: Italy and Switzerland in the last 30 years after the Maastricht Treaty." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/377742.

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Questa tesi si propone di studiare l'europeizzazione dei governi come processo di internazionalizzazione degli stati, volto ad un progressivo avvicinamento alla dinamica sovranazionale dell'Unione Europea. Poiché questo argomento è stato approfondito da diversi studiosi, abbiamo deciso di affrontarne un'analisi comparativa di studi di caso, scegliendo come unità di analisi l'Italia e la Svizzera. La logica alla base di questo studio si basa sul confronto di uno Stato fondatore europeo con un paese neutrale con una forte interdipendenza con l'Unione Europea. L'obiettivo dell'analisi è studiare come le nostre unità di analisi abbiano rafforzato il loro rapporto con le istituzioni sovranazionali dell'UE negli ultimi 30 anni. Abbiamo individuato due percorsi specifici di internazionalizzazione dei governi, concentrandoci sulla loro strategia di europeizzazione, insita nell'azione di governo: l'Italia attraverso la piena appartenenza al quadro istituzionale europeo, e la Svizzera attraverso accordi bilaterali ad hoc, identificabili in letteratura come europeizzazione relativa. Pur condividendo parzialmente i propri confini, Italia e Svizzera sembravano abbracciare paradigmi molto differenti in merito alla connotazione sociopolitica. Allo stesso tempo, entrambi i paesi sembrano preoccuparsi dell'integrazione economica in modo molto simile. Le caratteristiche del loro background socio-politico ed economico ci consentono di identificare il Neo Istituzionalismo come la lente più appropriata per lo studio di questo argomento. Il Neo Istituzionalismo ci consente di misurare l'influenza pervasiva delle istituzioni sull'ambiente sociopolitico ed economico, attraverso le loro regole o norme. Più in particolare, la branca dell'Historical Institutionalism dovrebbe permettere di identificare l'evoluzione delle strategie di europeizzazione in una logica diacronica, considerando il 1992, anno cruciale per la firma del Trattato di Maastricht, come punto di partenza della nostra analisi. La Path Dependence Theory, fiore all'occhiello dell'Historical Institutionalism, guida la spiegazione complessiva tracciando due vie parallele di europeizzazione del governo: una più desiderosa di delegare il potere al livello sovranazionale dell'UE, l'altra più desiderosa di difendere la propria autonomia politica basata sulla neutralità. Come abbiamo detto, quei percorsi sono paralleli ma rivolti allo stesso obiettivo: beneficiare di un mercato più ampio, ottenere opportunità dagli scambi sociali e da una comunità che condivide valori sociali simili. L'originalità di questa tesi non si basa solo sui casi considerati, ma soprattutto su come affrontarli, per interpretare la logica dell'europeizzazione del governo in un arco di tempo cruciale e partendo dai valori costituzionali dei diversi paesi. Dopo un'analisi pertinente della letteratura accademica sui temi sopra menzionati, introdurremo il disegno di ricerca e gli indicatori selezionati per presentare evidenze empiriche da dati secondari provenienti da indagini internazionali, a supporto dell'argomentazione complessiva.
This thesis aims to study governmental Europeanization as a process of governmental internationalization, addressed to a progressive approximation to the European Union. Since this topic has been deeply studied by several scholars, we decided to tackle a comparative case study analysis, choosing Italy (ITA) and Switzerland (CH) as units of analysis. The logic behind this study relies on the comparison of a European founding State (ITA) with a neutral country with a strong interdependence with the European Union (CH). The object of the analysis is to study how our units of analysis strengthened their relationship with the EU supranational institutions in the last 30 years. We identified two specific paths of governmental internationalization, focusing on their strategy of governmental Europeanization: Italy through “full membership” in the European institutional framework, and Switzerland through “ad hoc” bilateral agreements, identifiable in the literature as “relative Europeanization”. Despite partially sharing their borders, Italy and Switzerland seemed to embrace a “most different criteria” while discussing socio-political aspects. At the same time, both countries seem to care about economic integration in a very similar way. The characteristics of their socio-political and economic background let us identify New Institutionalism as the most appropriate lenses for studying this topic. New Institutionalism allows us to measure the pervasive influence of institutions on the socio/political/economic environments through rules, norms, and other frameworks. More specifically, the branch of Historical Institutionalism is expected to let us identify the evolution of Europeanization strategies in a diachronic logic, considering 1992 (a crucial year because of the Maastricht Treaty) as the starting point of our analysis. Path Dependence Theory, the flagship of Historical Institutionalism, guides the overall explanation tracking two parallel ways of Governmental Europeanization: one keener to delegate power to the EU supranational level, the other keener to defend its political autonomy based on neutrality. As we said, those paths are parallel and addressed towards the same goal: benefitting a wider market, getting opportunities from social exchanges and from a community that shares similar social values. The originality of this thesis is not only based on the considered cases but especially on how approaching them, to interpret the logic of governmental Europeanization during a crucial arch of time and starting from different countries’ constitutional values. After a pertinent analysis of the academic literature about the abovementioned topics, we will introduce the research design and the selected indicators to present empirical evidence from secondary data coming from international surveys, supporting the overall analysis.

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Utuk, Ozgur. "International Fight Against The Financing Of Terrorism." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12610949/index.pdf.

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This thesis attempts to provide a critical perspective on international efforts to prevent the financing of terrorism. The thesis argues that the fight against the financing of terrorism is a vital component of counter terrorism strategies and underlines the significance of international organizations in combating terrorist financing. The thesis examines the fund raising and movement activities of terrorist groups. Moreover, it analyzes the efforts of international organizations to combat terrorist financing and discusses the adequacy of these efforts. By arguing that international community&rsquo
s efforts are not adequate, the thesis makes some recommendations. Finally, the thesis tests to what extent neo-liberal institutionalist approach, which mainly concentrates on cooperation and regime formation regarding the global problems faced by the states, can explain the international fight against the financing of terrorism.

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Radi, Youness. "L'accès aux soins de santé en milieu rural au Maroc : une étude de la gouvernance et de l’instrumentation de l'action publique dans le cadre de l’Initiative Nationale pour le Développement Humain (INDH)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Est, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PESC0012.

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Le développement humain est une question multi-dimensionnelle devenue importante au Maroc, un programme public phare, visant le traitement de ses différentes dimensions, a été lancé en 2005, « l’Initiative Nationale pour le Développement Humain », s’étale sur plusieurs années, doté d’une gouvernance multi-niveaux, il a permet une amélioration notable dans beaucoup de domaines, cependant, les inégalités entre les milieux urbain et rural persistent, notamment dans le domaine d’accès aux soins de santé, qui est une composante majeure du développement humain.Afin de comprendre les résultats limités de l’INDH dans le domaine de l’accès aux soins en milieu rural, nous avons étudié ce programme public dans sa première et sa deuxième phase de déploiement (2005-2018), et nous avons constaté des dysfonctionnements au niveau de sa structure organisationnelle de gouvernance, créant ainsi des problèmes de favoritisme et de conflit d’intérêts lors de son processus d’instrumentation, nous avons constaté également une participation citoyenne fragile et limitée dans le cadre de sa gouvernance. De plus, notre recherche dévoile aussi la spécificité de ce programme public, avec sa forme organisationnelle hybride à travers son rôle de coordination interministérielle, peu efficace à cause de sa faible gouvernance méta-organisationnelle, qui ne lui permets pas - par conséquent - d’augmenter la portée de ses résultats dans le domaine d’accès aux soins en milieu rural.Les résultats de notre recherche nous montrent aussi que le programme public de l’INDH a été impacté positivement par ses pressions institutionnelles qu’il a subi, cette influence institutionnelle a créé des changements isomorphiques de nature corrective et mimétique, qui ont favorisé le déploiement d’instruments de contrôle au niveau de sa gouvernance afin de corriger les dysfonctionnements de son processus d’instrumentation d’une part, et d’autre part, ces changements ont permis de renforcer la participation comme instrument de conception et de légitimation de se actions publiques.Notre travail de recherche contribuera à la compréhension des facteurs clés de réussite des actions publiques à travers leur dynamique de gouvernance et de leur processus d’instrumentation
Human development is a multi-dimensional issue that has become important in Morocco, a flagship public program, aimed at addressing its different dimensions, was launched in 2005, the "National Initiative for Human Development", spanning several years , endowed with multi-level governance, it has allowed a notable improvement in many areas, however, inequalities between urban and rural areas persist, particularly in the area of access to health care, which is a major component of human development.In order to understand the limited results of the INDH in the field of access to care in rural areas, we studied this public program in its first and second phase of deployment (2005-2018), and we found dysfunctions at the level of its organizational structure of governance, thus creating problems of favoritism and conflict of interest during its process of instrumentation, we also noted a fragile and limited citizen participation within the framework of its governance. In addition, our research also reveals the specificity of this public program, with its hybrid organizational form through its role of interministerial coordination, ineffective because of its weak meta-organizational governance, which does not allow it - consequently - to increase the scope of its results in the area of access to care in rural environment.The results of our research also show us that the public program of the INDH has been positively impacted by its institutional pressures which it has undergone, this institutional influence has created isomorphic changes of a corrective and mimetic nature, which have favored the deployment of instruments of control at the level of its governance in order to correct the dysfunctions of its instrumentation process on the one hand, and on the other hand, these changes have made it possible to strengthen participation as an instrument for designing and legitimizing its public actions.Our research work will contribute to the understanding of the key success factors of public actions through their governance dynamics and their instrumentation process

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Styrkársdóttir, Auður. "From feminism to class politics : the rise and decline of women's politics in Reykjavík 1908-1922." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-65810.

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The main objective of this dissertation is to seek answers to three questions: 1) Why did it take so much longer for women than men to win the vote? 2) Why did it take women so long to be elected in any numbers to national legislatures?, and 3) What has been the political significance of women's entry into national legislatures? The answers are sought by examining an aspect of the development of parties ignored by most political scientists, namely the relationship between women's suffrage, party politics and patriarchal power. An empirical study on Iceland is used to examine this aspect in detail. In the period 1908- 1926, women in Iceland ran separate lists at local and national elections. The fate of the women's lists in Reykjavik is explored and so are the policies of women councillors. Iceland was not the only country to see the emergence of separate women's political organizations that ran candidates at elections. The outcome was nowhere as successful as in Iceland. Through the rise, and decline, of the women's lists and women's policies in Reykjavik, the factors that allowed women to carry out their own maternalistic politics within a male-run system are illuminated. The dissertation draws on numerous theories and postulations within political science. It also challenges many of them. Theda Skocpol's structured policy approach proves highly useful in examining the larger political environment and factors that stimulated or hindered women's politics and policies in Reykjavik. The approach does not, however, account for male power as a force on its own. The structured policy approach is challenged by providing another important factor, the role of individuals and their ideas as a political force. The conclusion is that patriarchal theories are needed within political science, and it is suggested that political parties, their origin and working methods, provide excellent starting points from which to examine male power, or patriarchy, as a political force of its own.
digitalisering@umu

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Kardirsson, Dawn, and Malin Johansson. "Talent Management - konkurrensfördel eller en strategi för att passa in? : En fallstudie i tillverkningsindustrin." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för handel och företagande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-17709.

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Bakgrund: I dagens kunskapsbaserade ekonomi är de mänskliga resurserna en viktig tillgång för att öka konkurrensfördelarna och för att få ett försprång på marknaden. Talent Management är ett koncept som handlar om att attrahera, utveckla och behålla talanger, och som anses vara konceptet som underlättar arbetet med vad som efterfrågas på marknaden. Tidigare forskning visar på att tvetydigheten kring begreppet talang gör det svårt för företag av avgöra vad som ska hanteras samt att det inte finns ett bästa sätt att utforma Talent Management arbetet. Tillverkningsindustrin utgör en viktig del av svensk ekonomi och undergår en teknisk utveckling, vilken gör att arbetet med talanger är extra viktigt. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur företag inom tillverkningsindustrin arbetar med Talent Management samt öka förståelsen för vad som format företagens arbetssätt. Metod: Med en deduktiv ansats har tidigare teorier analyserats mot studiens insamlade empiriska material. Bolander m.fl. (2017) fyra förhållningssätt till Talent Management har använts för att kartlägga hur företagen arbetar med konceptet. Strategilitteratur samt nyinstitutionell teori har använts för att få en djupare förståelse kring vad som format företagens arbetssätt. En fallstudie genomfördes i tillverkningsindustrin, och för att besvara studiens syfte har kvalitativa intervjuer med åtta respondenter inom tre olika tillverkningsindustrier genomförts. Resultat: Studiens resultat visar att tillverkningsindustrin huvudsakligen arbetar utefter ett humanistiskt förhållningssätt, där utveckling är nyckelpraxis. Talang anses vara utvecklingsbar vilket korrelerar med förhållningssättet. Det visar också tendenser av de exkluderande förhållningssätten då alla indivder inte får ta del av talangprogammen. Medarbetarna ges även en viss autonomitet för sin egen utveckling, vilket visar drag av det entreprenöriella förhållningsssättet. Resultatet visar följdakligen att samtliga studerade företag vill vara attraktiva arbetsgivare, men erbjuder samtidigt liknande möjligheter, vilket gör att de inte är särskilt strategiska i hanteringen av talanger. De använder således inte Talent Management arbetet inom affärsstrategin.
Background: In today's knowledge-based economy, the human capital is an important asset to increase an organisation’s competitive advantage and to gain an edge in the market. Talent Management is a concept about attracting, developing and retaining talents, and is considered to be the concept that facilitates the work on what is demanded in the market. Previous research shows that the ambiguity surrounding the concept of talent, makes it difficult for companies to decide what to handle, and that there is no ‘best practice’ to design the work. The manufacturing industry is an important part of the Swedish economy and is currently undergoing a technological development, which makes work with talented people even more important. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine how companies in the manufacturing industry work with Talent Management, and to develop a deeper understanding of what have shaped the organisations’ working methods. Methodology: With a deductive approach, previous theories have been analysed with the study’s collected empirical data. Bolander et al. (2017) four types of Talent Management have been used to map how organisations’ work with the concept. Strategy literature as well as neoinstitutional theory have been used to gain a deeper understanding of what have shaped the way the organisations work. A case study in the manufacturing industry was conducted, and to answer the purpose of this paper, qualitative interviews were conducted with eight organisational representatives in three different organisations. Findings: The study’s results show that the manufacturing industry works according to a humanistic type, where development is a key practice. Talent is considered to be acquired, which correlates with the humanistic type. The results also shows tendencies of the exclusive types, where not all individuals may participate in the different talent programs. Employees are also given some autonomy for their development, which shows features of the entrepreneurial type. The result further shows that all studied organisations want to be attractive employers, but at the same time they offer similar opportunities, which implies that they are not very strategic in managing talent. Thus, the Talent Management work do not cooperate within the business strategy.

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Menezes, Daniel Gon?alves de. "Proteja e proteje sua carreira: revista voc? S/A e o mercado de discursos administrativos." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13543.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:19:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DanielGM.pdf: 464208 bytes, checksum: 2046b6946316d59fe079319ca41a554c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-25
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico
The present work aims at investigating the role of Voc? S/A magazine within the ?rea of administrative discourses. The idea is to investigate the constituting variances in such market, presenting its working logics and its historical pathway that promoted its structure as we nowadays know. Furthermore, thought must be put into considering how the constituting agents of this market legitimize such practice. The understanding of this whole context will allow the explanation of the role of Voc? S/A magazine in this market and how the magazine is related to other area agents. The work is justified by casting light over a phenomena much neglected by the academy, which is the business press and the dissemination of social stock of knowledge developed from the new administrative discourses. The methodology used was the content analysis on published articles by the magazine, being preceded by the historical backtracking of the structuring of the investigated market. The research took into consideration the following results: the business press, in general, and the Voc? S/A in particular, presented themselves to be just one more tool for readers to increase their social stock of knowledge, as to be inserted into contemporary organizations. An enormous public arena in which the people interested in the diffusion of certain managing packages may spread such practices and earn economic capital with them
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar o papel desempenhado pela Revista Voc? S/A no mercado de discursos administrativos. A id?ia ? investigar quais s?o as nuances constitutivas desse mercado, apresentando sua l?gica de funcionamento e o percurso hist?rico que promoveu a sua estrutura??o, tal como se conhece contemporaneamente. Al?m disso, deve-se pensar como os agentes que constituem esse mercado atuam e legitimam suas pr?ticas. A compreens?o de todo esse contexto permitir? explicar qual o papel desempenhado pela Revista Voc? S/A nesse mercado e como ela se relaciona com os demais agentes constitutivos do campo. O trabalho se justifica por trazer luz a um fen?meno t?o negligenciado pela academia, que ? a imprensa de neg?cios e a dissemina??o desempenhada por ela dos estoques sociais de conhecimento provindos dos novos discursos administrativos. A metodologia empregada foi a de an?lise de conte?do sobre as mat?rias publicadas pela revista, sendo precedida pela constru??o hist?rica da estrutura??o do mercado investigado. A pesquisa levou aos seguintes resultados: a imprensa de neg?cios, em geral, e a Revista Voc? S/A, em particular, se apresentam como mais uma ferramenta para que os leitores aumentem o estoque social de conhecimentos, para se inserir nas organiza??es contempor?neas. Legitima-se, tamb?m, como uma arena p?blica na qual os interessados na difus?o de determinados pacotes gerenciais possam difundir tais pr?ticas e ganhar capital econ?mico com elas

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Swetchine, Nicolas. "L’approche commerciale des Grands Projets : l’apport des théories néo-institutionnelles." Thesis, Paris 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA020003/document.

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Les Grands Projets d’Infrastructure constituent un secteur économique majeur. Leur gouvernance a évolué, avec la sélection, de plus en plus fréquente, des grands fournisseurs, via des d’Appels d’Offres internationaux très normés, dans le cadre d’un contexte concurrentiel ouvert, et institutionnellement plus complexe. Face à cette évolution, les théories commerciales et marketing actuelles, apparaissent insuffisantes: elles font peu de cas des situations d’Appels d’Offres normés, et prennent insuffisamment en compte la complexité du système institutionnel, inhérent à ces Grand Projets. En outre ces deux faiblesses sont accentuées par la faible légitimité de l’action commerciale, face au Management de Projet et à l’institution Achats. Le recours aux théories néo-institutionnelles constitue une approche novatrice, permettant de prendre en compte le Grand Projet, comme un système complexe, dynamique et unique, qui s’institutionnalise progressivement (une notion qui diffère de celle de milieu). Cette posture permet de définir une nouvelle grille de lecture des relations entre les acteurs impliqués au sein de ces Grands Projets, et de proposer les principes d’une action commerciale proactive envers ce système institutionnel complexe. La thèse développe une méthodologie constructiviste, au travers de l’étude de deux cas concrets dans les infrastructures de télécommunications et du contrôle aérien, renforcée par des interviews de professionnels. Elle permet de proposer des recommandations, théoriques et pratiques, pour une action commerciale institutionnelle proactive, permettant aux industriels d’institutionnaliser leurs avantages compétitifs. Il s’agit d’une nouvelle approche commerciale, portée par un socle théorique intégrant des apports de la sociologie aux théories Commerciales & Marketing : un Néo-Marketing Institutionnel
Large Infrastructure Projects’ stakes are major in terms of economics. Their governance has evolved over the past years, with formal Call for Tenders becoming a classic way to select suppliers, within a more competitive and institutionally complex environment. Current theoretical methodologies, structuring marketing & sales action, appear somewhat inappropriate to tackle this evolution: they neither really take into account the consequences of the very formal Call for Tenders, nor the institutional systemic complexity involved in such Large Projects; besides, Sales & Marketing suffer from a basic lack of legitimacy compared to Project Management and Purchasing, which carries on the powerful myth of Competition. Calling in New Organizational Institutionalism theories provides a new approach, allowing to consider such a Large Project as a complex, unique and dynamic institutional system, which institutionalizes itself progressively (a concept that differs from the so called milieu) Such an approach allows to define a new analysis methodology to asses interactions among all actors involved into the project, and to propose key principles for innovative proactive Sales & Marketing actions towards such complex institutional systems. This PhD research work develops a constructivist methodology based on interviews with key actors and in-depth analysis of two case studies in telecommunications and air traffic control infrastructure. The author proposes actual, theoretical and practical, areas for improvement of the Sales & Marketing methodology, allowing industrial corporations to institutionalize their competitive advantages. Ultimately, this research work leads to a new Sales approach, based on a theoretical framework, incorporating modern Sociology inputs into current Sales & Marketing theories: a New Institutional Marketing

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Astray-Caneda, Evelio E. III. "Hazard Mitigation Element Quality in Coastal Comprehensive Plans in a State with Strong Requirements for Hazard Mitigation Plan Elements." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/843.

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This dissertation examines the quality of hazard mitigation elements in a coastal, hazard prone state. I answer two questions. First, in a state with a strong mandate for hazard mitigation elements in comprehensive plans, does plan quality differ among county governments? Second, if such variation exists, what drives this variation? My research focuses primarily on Florida’s 35 coastal counties, which are all at risk for hurricane and flood hazards, and all fall under Florida’s mandate to have a comprehensive plan that includes a hazard mitigation element. Research methods included document review to rate the hazard mitigation elements of all 35 coastal county plans and subsequent analysis against demographic and hazard history factors. Following this, I conducted an electronic, nationwide survey of planning professionals and academics, informed by interviews of planning leaders in Florida counties. I found that hazard mitigation element quality varied widely among the 35 Florida coastal counties, but were close to a normal distribution. No plans were of exceptionally high quality. Overall, historical hazard effects did not correlate with hazard mitigation element quality, but some demographic variables that are associated with urban populations did. The variance in hazard mitigation element quality indicates that while state law may mandate, and even prescribe, hazard mitigation in local comprehensive plans, not all plans will result in equal, or even adequate, protection for people. Furthermore, the mixed correlations with demographic variables representing social and disaster vulnerability shows that, at least at the county level, vulnerability to hazards does not have a strong effect on hazard mitigation element quality. From a theory perspective, my research is significant because it compares assumptions about vulnerability based on hazard history and demographics to plan quality. The only vulnerability-related variables that appeared to correlate, and at that mildly so, with hazard mitigation element quality, were those typically representing more urban areas. In terms of the theory of Neo-Institutionalism and theories related to learning organizations, my research shows that planning departments appear to have set norms and rules of operating that preclude both significant public involvement and learning from prior hazard events.

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Lubello, Pasquale. "Le soja génétiquement modifié (GM) au Brésil : raisons et conséquences d'un choix." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030064.

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Cette thèse s’efforce d’illustrer les problématiques politico-économiques liées au choix brésilien de libéralisation commerciale du soja transgénique Roundup Ready (soja RR). L’étude se compose de deux volets principaux. Le premier s’attaque aux raisons socio-politiques qui ont pousse le Gouvernement Lula vers ce choix. Y sont analyses les points de vue des principaux acteurs (économiques, sociaux et politiques) brésiliens concernes par l’innovation biotechnologique ainsi que leur stratégies de pression sur les institutions au long du processus de formation de la loi de Biosécurité de 2005. Le deuxième volet tente une analyse économique qualitative de l’impact de cette nouvelle technologie sur les profits des producteurs de soja de l’Etat du Parana. On s’efforce de démontrer que l’adoption de cette innovation technologique, plutôt que d’améliorer la marge de gains de l’exploitant agricole moyen, précarise sa position en accentuant la relation de dependance entre ce dernier et l’industrie agro-chimico-semenciere. Ces deux volets se réunissent enfin, car le choix de libéralisation du soja transgénique au Brésil signe non seulement la victoire d’une certaine agriculture monoculturale et capital intensive, mais aussi la victoire des intérêts économico-politiques des corporations agro-industrielles dominantes dans ce pays
This thesis tries to illustrate the politico-economic problems connected to the Brazilian choice of commercial liberalization of the transgenic soybean, Roundup Ready (RR soybean). This study consists in two main parts. The first one on tackles the sociopolitical reasons which pushed the Lula’s Government towards this choice. The purpose is to analyze the perceptions of the main Brazilians actors (economic, social and political) concerned by the biotechnological innovation as well as them strategies of pressure on public institutions, during the process of formation of the Biosafety law (2005). The second part tempts a qualitative economic analysis of the impact of this new technology on the Paranean soybean-producers’ incomes. We try to demonstrate that the adoption of this technological innovation, instead of improving the average farmer’s margin of incomes, drag down his position by intensifing the relation of dependence between the farmer and agro-biotech-industries. These two parts meet finally, because the choice of liberalization of the transgenic soybean in Brazil signs not only the victory of the monocultural and capital intensive agriculture, but also the victory of the economic-political interests of the dominant Brazilian agro-industrial corporations

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Hamadache, Karim. "La critique comme source d'opportunités stratégiques : La construction du champ du médicament orphelin aux Etats-Unis et en Europe." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST0077/document.

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Ce travail de recherche vise à investiguer la relation entre la critique à l'encontre des entreprises et les stratégies individuelles et collectives qu'elles déploient afin d'y faire face et de l'exploiter. L'étude du cas du champ du médicament orphelin aux États-Unis et en Europe permet de montrer la capacité des entreprises à récupérer la critique et à élaborer des réponses stratégiques leur permettant de saisir et/ou de créer de nouvelles opportunités et d'identifier et/ou faire face à de nouvelles menaces. Cette thèse contribue aussi à la compréhension du processus de construction d'un nouveau champ organisationnel et montre le rôle important des parties prenantes dans ce processus
This research intends to investigate the relationship between criticism of firms and individual and collective strategies they use to address and exploit it. The case study of the orphan drug field in the United States and Europe shows the ability of firms to recover criticism and develop strategic responses allowing them to seize and/or create new opportunities and to identify and/or address new threats. This dissertation also contributes to the understanding of the process of constructing a new organizational field and shows the important role of stakeholders in this process

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Hoyos, de la Garza Ernesto. "Organizational Values in a Family-Owned Aquatic Center A Case Study : A Neo-Institutionalist view on the influence of meaning systems, as manifested by organizational values, in a Family-Owned Aquatic Center." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och industriell teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-417578.

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The main objective of this case study is to understand how organizational values of a family business are influenced – or are the outcome of – the interactions between the controlling family, their employees, and the social context by which they are surrounded. To investigate this topic a case study research design was applied and a family-owned and -managed Aquatic Center was selected as the company in focus. First, the organizational values were determined through the application of semi-structured interviews and observations. The units of analysis for the case study were the Top Management Team (TMT) and the employees of the organization. The former is composed by three members of the controlling family and the latter by the employees who are in most contact with the TMT and the clients of the Aquatic Center. After the Thematic Analysis of the empirical data eight organizational values were identified. These organizational values, along with excerpts from the interview, were analyzed from a Neo-Institutionalist lens and three meaning systems were identified to be influencing the organization and its structures. These three meaning systems were labeled as (1) Swimming the Sport; (2) Health Club Business; and (3) The Owning Family. The set of rules, enforcement mechanisms, and effects that these three meaning systems have on the overall organization were also defined.

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Guzer, Osman Cenk. "Greek Foreign Policy : The Case Study of Greco-Turkish Relations under the two consecutive Kostas Simitis Premierships (1996-2000) and (2000-2004)." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-4555.

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The relations between Greece and Turkey have developed at an unprecedented level in recent years. Behind this development lay certain factors notably the Simitis Governments’ strategy of redefining the parameters of Greek national interests in foreign policy and the Turkish Governments’ subsequent positive responses to this favorable atmosphere. It is thus possible to use the term ‘détente’ to refer to the period which dates back to 1996, the rise of Simitis to the Greek premiership. Some observers on Greco-Turkish Relations tend to trace the origins of Greco-Turkish détente to the devastating 17 August earthquake in Turkey. Some others try to find the origin of détente in the 1999 Helsinki Summit where Turkey was offered the candidacy status for the EU membership. This thesis proposes an alternative approach by defending the view that the rise of Simitis to the prime ministry itself heralded the chain of events which would later pave the road to the relaxation of Greco-Turkish Relations.

This thesis is a modest attempt to understand the anatomy of Simitis Leadership and its reflections on Greco-Turkish Relations. On the basis of certain turning points in a chronological fashion, it will uncover the background of an eight-year ruling term with its ups and downs. There is an irony in Greco-Turkish Relations: Outbreak of crises between the two neighbors led both the Greek and the Turkish political actors to re-examine their attitude in the following phase of their relationship. In the Simitis Era, the tensions created opportunities for building up networks of cooperation initiatives to a certain extent. I also argue here that spillover logic in Greco-Turkish Relations has started working- albeit cautiously- and that this spirit could be sustainable if managed by both sides wisely. Continuation of the Greco-Turkish détente even after the governmental change in Athens in April 2004 demonstrates that the Simitis Leadership has determined a new framework for Greco- Turkish Relations. This framework has been set through pushing Turkey to the future EU membership orientation and setting mechanisms of reward/punishment (or carrot/stick) policy on Turkey’s route to Brussels through the EU.

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Chikh, Djamel. "Le régime linguistique algérien à travers l'étude du militantisme pour la langue amazighe : un contexte de sens entre imaginaire et pratiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV039/document.

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La présente recherche s’intéresse à la problématique du régime linguistique algérien à travers l’étude du militantisme pour la langue amazighe. L’objectif est ainsi d’examiner le sens politique des revendications linguistiques amazighes et ses impacts sur le régime linguistique algérien. Autrement dit, nous étudions des représentations d’acteurs à l’intérieur des structures institutionnelles. Notre hypothèse postule un lien entre le militantisme linguistique amazighe et la notion de citoyenneté démocratique. Elle sera vérifiée à travers la théorie des « régimes linguistiques » et des « traditions étatiques » (Cardinal et Sonntag, 2015), du concept de « contexte de sens » (Cefaï, 1998 ; 2003) et de la méthode de la co-construction du savoir et de la notion de vraisemblance (Dubet, 1994 ; 2000). Ces outils théoriques nous permettent de voir, dans un premier temps, les formes que prend l’imaginaire militant qui se décline en un répertoire de sens (émotions, valeurs, idéaux…), mais néanmoins convergent vers l’idée de la citoyenneté démocratique largement récurrente dans le discours militant. L’étude des représentations militantes permet, dans un second temps, de voir comment celles-ci se traduisent dans les pratiques militantes ; comment l’imaginaire militant influence la trajectoire du régime linguistique algérien, et particulièrement à travers ses maintes conjonctures critiques (1980, 1994-1995, 2001-2002, 2011-2016). Les résultats de la recherche montrent que le militantisme linguistique amazigh impose des représentations citoyennes et contre-hégémoniques à l’intérieur d’un régime linguistique foncièrement hégémonique et autoritaire. Celles-ci sont traduites par des acquis / concessions au bénéfice de la langue amazighe au sein du régime linguistique. Elles sont aussi limitées par l’effet de dépendance au sentier des concessions sur certaines traditions étatiques. Cette analyse est fondée sur une méthodologie qualitative, se basant sur des sources primaires (entretiens semi-dirigés et observation) et secondaires (analyse de documents, archives, et autre œuvres artistiques de type militante)
This thesis looks at the Algerian language regime through the lens of activism for the amazigh language. The main objective is to examine the political meaning of the Amazigh activists’ grievances and its impact on the Algerian language regime. In other words, it aims to understand the nature of these actors’ representations within particular institutional structures. My hypothesis suggests a link between Amazigh linguistic militancy and democratic citizenship. This hypothesis will be verified through the theory of "language regimes" and "state traditions" (Cardinal and Sonntag, 2015), the concept of "context of meaning" (Cefaï, 1998; 2003), the knowledge co-construction method and the notion of likelihood (Dubet, 1994; 2000). These analytical tools will allow me to classify the various meanings included in the activists’ political imaginary (emotions, values, ideals, etc.) that converge in the discourse towards the idea of democratic citizenship. Then, we will see how their representations are translated into practice and influence the Algerian language regime’s trajectory, especially during its critical conjunctures (1980, 1994-1995, 2001-2002, 2011-2016). These findings will highlight that the Amazigh linguistic activism imposes counter-hegemonic representations within a fundamentally hegemonic and authoritarian linguistic regime. These representations translate into benefits and concessions in favour of the Amazigh language, while being simultaneously used by the language regime – influenced by certain state traditions - to maintain its stability and hegemony. For this purpose, this study is based on a qualitative methodology, combining primary (semi-directed interviews and observation) and secondary sources (analysis of documents, archives, and other engaged artistic work)

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KHATUMBA, MUSIBA MUHAMAD, and PATRIK ERGÜL. "Vad är ledarskap? -Studenters uppfattning." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Handels- och IT-högskolan, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-17121.

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Ledarskap finns på flera platser i samhället och kan se ut på olika sätt. Det är något som alla känner till eller har kommit i kontakt med på ett eller annat sätt. Likt ord som lycka eller kärlek är ledarskap subjektivt och öppet för tolkning. Vissa hävdar att ledarskap är en medfödd förmåga medan andra menar att det är en förmåga som kan tränas upp. Ledarskapets speciella karaktär med sin skiftande betydelse och utseende fick oss att skriva det här arbetet. Ledarskap är så mycket mer än att bara leda människor eller ge order. Som en social konstruktion skapas ledarskapet för att kunna styra, leda och bemöta krav från exempelvis omgivningen.Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur studenterna på Högskolan i Borås uppfattar ledarskap. Vi har valt att genomföra studien utifrån en kvantitativ och kvalitativ metod med utgångspunkt i form av enkätundersökning och intervjuer. Empirin ligger till grund för analysen och består av kännetecken och påståenden om ledarskap. Samtidigt som vi har gjort ett försök till att visa hur institutionalismen kan kopplas till ledarskap. Resultatet visar att studenterna har en bred uppfattning om företeelsen ledarskap. En ledare skall vara duktiga på flera olika saker och förfoga över egenskaper som exempelvis kommunikationsförmåga, förtroendeingivande och samarbetsvillighet.
Program: Ekonomie magisterutbildning i företagsekonomi 60 hp

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Mota, Luís Filipe Oliveira. "O desafio da Metagovernação na Implementação de Políticas Públicas: (in)compatibilidades entre estilos de governação e estratégias de coordenação no domínio da educação e formação de adultos em Portugal." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12745.

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Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências Sociais na especialidade de Administração Pública
A governação pública no designado ‘mundo ocidental’ tem vindo a ser alvo de diferentes vagas de reformas nas últimas décadas. Uma importante reforma é a maior participação de atores não-oficiais no processo de políticas públicas, dando origem a novas formas de governação em rede. Ao contrário de outras temáticas relacionadas com estas reformas, o tema das redes de governança tem sido pouco estudado em Portugal. Esta lacuna é particularmente problemática considerando que as dificuldades de cooperação entre atores são frequentemente apontadas como grandes entraves à boa governação pública no país. Este trabalho pretende ser um contributo para a mitigação dessa lacuna através do estudo compreensivo dos processos cooperativos inerentes às Redes Locais para a Qualificação, com um particular enfoque na análise dos principais fatores críticos para o sucesso de experiências cooperativas. As principais conclusões desta análise apontam para a importância central, quer do apoio de organismos da administração pública central, quer da existência de estruturas de governança e liderança formais das redes, sobretudo quando existam antecedentes de rivalidade entre os membros da rede. A necessidade da governação em rede ser complementada por mecanismos burocráticos e formais vai, assim, ao encontro dos argumentos que descrevem a governação pública portuguesa como neo-weberiana.
Public governance on the so-called ‘western world’ has undergone several waves of reform during the past decades. A prominent reform was the increased participation on the policy process from non-official actors, resulting in new forms of networked public governance. Unlike other themes related with these reforms, the topic of network governance is understudied in Portugal. This gap is particularly problematic considering difficulties related with inter-actor cooperation are often mentioned as main obstacles to good public governance in the country. This thesis aims to be a contribution to the mitigation of this gap by doing a comprehensive study of the cooperative processes inherent to the Local Networks of Qualification, with a particular focus on the analysis of the critical factors for the success of cooperative experiences. The main conclusions of this analysis point to the central importance of both the sponsoring from top public organizations and the existence of formal network governance and leadership structures, particularly when network members have rivalry antecedents. The need for network governance to be complemented by bureaucratic and formal mechanisms is thus aligned with the arguments which describe the Portuguese public governance as neo-weberian.
N/A

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Chbouki, Moktar. "Institutions, transition et performances économiques : une contribution méthodologique à l'analyse néo-institutionnaliste du changement économique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1087.

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Cette étude revient sur la problématique du changement institutionnel que les pays de l’Europe de l’est traversaient depuis un peu plus de deux décennies et qui présente encore une acuité certaine pour saisir le sens des différences des performances économiques observées entre eux. Pour comprendre le succès inégal de ce processus, nous avons élargi dans une perspective évolutionniste, le cadre méthodologique néo-institutionnaliste par l’interrogation des systèmes anthropologiques qui portaient tout projet de société y compris l’idée même de faire de l’économie. La science anthropologique qui étudie les rigidités mentales, cherche à savoir pourquoi des sociétés si proches géographiquement ne fusionnent pas pendant des millénaires. Le principe de la diversité culturelle du monde permettait de comprendre comment les institutions informelles émergeaient et influençaient les performances économiques. Une augmentation du stock de connaissances doublée d’une transition démographique constituerait le socle de la transition mentale qui, accompagnée par des institutions fiables, serait capitale dans la réussite d’un processus de changement politique et économique. La révolution culturelle synonyme d’évolution des mentalités est un phénomène autonome qui précède dans le temps le développement économique et la modernité politique. S’appuyant d’emblée sur une trame de mentalités, le politique et l’économique n’agissaient pas dans le vide. Ils sont par nature endogènes et contingents, car une société ne changera jamais que si elle convient de la nécessité du changement
This study returns to the issue of institutional change that Eastern European countries have experienced for the past two decades. This change still presents a certain acuteness to grasp the sense of the differences in the economical performances observed between the economies in transition. To understand the uneven success of this process we broadened in an evolutionist approach the neo-institutionalist methodological framework by questioning the anthropologic systems that supported all society projects including the very idea of doing economics. The anthropological science that studies mental rigidity is trying to understand why societies that are so geographically close do not merge for millenniums. The principle of the world’s cultural diversity allowed to understand how informal institutions emerged and influenced economic performance. An increase in the stock of knowledge combined with a demographic transition would constitute the base of mental transition which supported by reliable institutions would be decisive in the success of the process of political and economic change. Political and economic change is just the reflection of a mental transition taking part in the core structures of a society. The Cultural Revolution, synonym of evolution of the mentalities, is an autonomous phenomenon that precedes economic development and political modernity. Relying at once on a framework of mentalities, the politics and the economics never act without results. They are, by virtue of their nature, endogenous and contingent because a society can only change if it acknowledges the necessity for change

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Amedegnato, Akakpo. "Les organisations secrètes criminelles et le management par la terreur : cas des réseaux de proxénétisme subsahariens." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON30012/document.

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Une organisation, c'est avant tout des hommes et des moyens pour atteindre desobjectifs, et les réseaux subsahariens de proxénétisme ne dérogent pas à cette règle. Comme touteorganisation ils structurent et mobilisent des acteurs, mettent en place des stratégies pour arriver àleurs fins. En même temps la question de l'organisation suscite entre autre celle de l'environnementorganisationnel, car toute organisation vit et évolue dans un environnement donné avec lequel secréent des interactions. La problématique de la dynamique organisationnelle des réseauxsubsahariens de proxénétisme soulève celle de leur visibilité et de leur légitimité dans cetenvironnement, car ce sont des organisations criminelles, secrètes, et donc ne pouvant bénéficierd'aucune publicité. Pourtant, ces réseaux fonctionnent bel et bien, et les conséquences de leursactions sont bien perceptibles. Comment comprendre cette possibilité de fonctionnement dans detelles circonstances ? Il est certain que les jeunes femmes recrutées par les proxénètes subsaharienssubissent un management par la terreur. Cependant un élément déterminant laisse supposer que cesjeunes femmes vivent dans une peur qui va au-delà de la simple peur du proxénète : le phénomène« vaudou », propre aux réalités socioculturelles des sociétés subsahariennes. L'environnementinstitutionnel des réseaux subsahariens de proxénétisme inspirerait-il leur fonctionnement ? Cettethèse se propose d'apporter un éclairage sur le fonctionnement et les pratiques organisationnellesdes réseaux subsahariens de proxénétisme, à la lumière de la théorie du néo-institutionnalisme etcelle de la contingence. Ces deux théories mettent en évidence la relation d'influence possible entrel'environnement d'une organisation et son comportement
An organization, it is primarily men and means to achieve goals, and sub-Saharanpimping networks are no exception to this rule. Like any organization they structure and mobilizestakeholders, implement strategies to achieve their goals. At the same time the question of theorganization causes including that of the organizational environment as an organization exists andevolves in a given environment with which interactions are created. The problem of organizationaldynamics of sub-Saharan pimping networks, raises the question of their visibility and legitimacy inthis environment, because they are criminal, secret organizations and therefore not eligible for anyadvertising. However, these networks do work well and the consequences of their actions areperceived. How to understand the possibility of operating in such circumstances ? It's certain, thatyoung women recruited by sub-Saharian pimps undergo management by terror. A key elementsuggests that these women live in fear that goes beyond the simple fear of the pimp. It's the« voodoo », a phenomenon linked to the socio-cultural realities of sub-Saharan communities. Doesthe institutional environment of sub-Saharan pimping networks inspire their operation ? This thesisaims to shed light on organizational practices and the operation of sub-Saharan pimping networks,in the light of two theories : neo-institutionalism and contingency. Both theories emphasize therelationship with the environment that can affect an organization and its behavior

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Hassanzadeh, Dastjerdi Raheleh. "Les obstacles institutionnels au développement économique de l’Iran." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100044.

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Un grand nombre d’études économiques réalisées ces dernières années mettent en évidence l’importance des institutions dans le développement et la croissance économiques. La qualité de l’environnement institutionnel qui détermine le niveau des coûts de transactions dépend de l’efficacité et la performance des institutions politiques, économiques et culturels. Le système juridique et judiciaire a aussi sa part dans la performance économique globale. Notre étude montre que dans le cadre de la théorie du néo institutionnalisme, les obstacles au développement économique de l’Iran s’expliquent par un système juridique qui n’a pas réussi à assurer aux acteurs économiques la protection des droits de propriété et faire respecter les contrats qui autorisent le développement d’un processus d’échange complexe dans lequel les coûts de transactions sont faibles. Le droit de propriété et le droit des contrats du système juridique iranien ne sécurisent pas suffisamment les acteurs économiques dans leur démarches entrepreneuriales. Ces derniers, en effet, n’ont pas à leur disposition le cadre juridique adéquat qui leur offre les soutiens dont ils ont besoin. L’origine de cela, c’est la stratégie du développement de la République Islamique de l’Iran, prévue dans la constitution et mise en œuvre par les pouvoirs législatif, exécutif et judiciaire, qui n’a jamais créé les conditions de mise en place de programmes politiques qui dirigent la base institutionnelle vers toujours plus d’efficience
Numerous economic studies, carried out in recent years, prove the importance of the local institutions in economic development and growth in a country. The quality of institutional environment that determines the level of transaction costs, depends on the efficiency and performance of political, economic and cultural institutions. The legal and juridical system also has its own role in the overall economic performance. In this research, the potential obstacles for economic development of Iran in context of the neo institutionalism theory are analyzed, also, the relationship of these obstacles with the legal system, that has not been able to provide economic actors, the protection of property rights and enforcement of contracts that enables the minimization of transaction costs in development of complex trading processes. The property and contract rights of the Iranian legal system does not sufficiently secure the economic actors in their entrepreneurial approaches, i.e. the economic actors do not have access to an appropriate legal framework that offers the required supports to them. The development strategies of Islamic Republic of Iran, which are foreseen in Constitution, implemented by legislative, executive and judicial officials are also evaluated as the sources of these obstacles, and reasons for the lack of conditions creation for setting up political plans that lead the institutional foundations toward more efficiency

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Freitas, Reinaldo de. "A região metropolitana de São Paulo e o Estatuto da Metrópole : o processo de (re)construção da governança metropolitana." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2018.

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Orientador: Prof. Dr. Jeroen Johannes Klink
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Planejamento e Gestão do Território, São Bernardo do Campo, 2018.
A Região Metropolitana de São Paulo é o principal polo de riqueza nacional. Por ela passam os grandes fluxos de capital, de pessoas e de informações do Brasil, em uma rede complexa de bens e serviços. Face às peculiaridades e à escala dos problemas enfrentados pela RMSP, coloca-se a questão da governança em uma região metropolitana tão grande e tão complexa. Em efeito, uma vez que a RMSP não é um ente da federação e, portanto, não possui um governo único e dedicado exclusivamente para sua gestão, surge a necessidade de articulação entre os atores governamentais que têm atribuições e competências sobre seu território. As questões relacionadas aos modelos e formatos institucionais das regiões metropolitanas vêm sendo objeto de debate há décadas, tanto no mundo acadêmico quanto entre os profissionais e gestores que lidam diariamente com os desafios impostos pela gestão destes territórios. Por isso alguns conceitos e ferramentas de análise são fundamentais para a compreensão do fenômeno metropolitano. Ao mesmo tempo, a evolução histórico-legal da governança metropolitana no Brasil e em São Paulo nas últimas décadas mostra uma alternância entre períodos de maior e menor centralização e contribui para o entendimento do cenário atual. Com a aprovação do Estatuto da Metrópole (EM), no início de 2015, a imposição legal ao governo do estado e aos municípios da elaboração conjunta de um Plano de Desenvolvimento Urbano Integrado (PDUI), com a participação da sociedade civil, abrese uma nova fase para a governança metropolitana brasileira e da RMSP. Este processo ainda em curso explicita alguns conflitos e abre novas possibilidades de articulação entre os entes federativos envolvidos.
The Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (MRSP) is the main centre of national wealth in Brazil. Great flows of capital, people and information, pass through it in a complex network of goods and services. In view of the singularities and scale of the problems faced by the MRSP, the question of governance in such a large and complex metropolitan region is raised. In fact, as the MRSP is not an entity of the federation and therefore does not have a government structure exclusively dedicated to its management, there is a need of articulation among the governmental actors that have attributions and responsibilities over the same territory. Issues related to the institutional models and formats of the metropolitan regions have been the subject of debate for decades, both in the academic world and among professionals and managers who deal daily with the challenges imposed by the management of these territories. For this reason, some concepts and tools of analysis are fundamental for the understanding of the metropolitan phenomenon. At the same time, the historical-legal evolution of metropolitan governance in Brazil and São Paulo in the last decades shows an alternation between periods of greater and lesser centralization and contributes to better understand the current scenario. A new phase of metropolitan governance has been opened up for Brazil and the MRSP with the approval of the Metropolis Statute, in early 2015, and the legal obligation of the joint elaboration of an Integrated Urban Development Plan, with the participation of civil society. This process, which is still underway, has made explicit some conflicts and has created new possibilities for articulation for the federative entities involved.

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Kra, Yves. "Les modes d’organisation des banques et des institutions de microfinance dans le développement : le cas des pays de l’UEMOA." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD014.

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Cette thèse est articulée autour de deux questions centrales visant à expliquer pourquoi et comment devrait être organisée la Complémentarité entre les Banques et les institutions spécialisées dans la Microfinance (CBM), afin de financer efficacement le développement dans les pays de l’UEMOA : l’Union Economique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine. Les aspects bancaires de la théorie de rattrapage économique de Gerschenkron sont adaptés au contexte de la prépondérance de l’économie informelle dans l’UEMOA. L’analyse empirique montre, quant à elle, que les secteurs bancaires et microfinanciers de l’UEMOA sont respectivement réfractaires et peu performants - en termes de rentabilité et d’impact social - pour l’autonomisation du processus de CBM. Relativement à la mise en oeuvre de la CBM, le cadre néoinstitutionnaliste de l’hybridité de la firme est mobilisé en vue d’intégrer et d’expliciter le rôle de l’autorité publique vis-à-vis des acteurs financiers privés, dont ceux du « mobile banking ». Par ailleurs, les « best practices » internationales dans la microfinance servent également de références empiriques et typologiques aux pays de l’UEMOA, en vue d’une coordination publique indirecte ou directe de la CBM
This thesis is based on two central questions whose purpose is to explain why and how the institutional complementarity should be organized between banks and microfinance institutions (MFIs) to effectively finance the development process of WAEMU (West African Economic and Monetary Union) countries. The banking aspects of Gerschenkron’s catch-up theory are adapted to the large informal context of the WAEMU economies. At empirical level, the independent and private processes of Complementarity between Banks and Microfinance institutions (CBM) are scarce in WAEMU as long as banks avoid risks associated with adaptation to microfinance customers, and MFIs are not efficient for infrastructure modernization and expansion. Thus, to implement CBM processes, the neo-institutionalist framework of hybridity of the firm and the international best practices in microfinance are mobilized in order to clarify the role of public authorities towards private financial actors, including the mobile banking operators

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Boschet, Christophe. "La dimension politique de la coordination environnementale à l'échelle locale : une analyse économique." Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT4014/document.

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Cette thèse s'inscrit dans une perspective d'économie politique pour aborder les contraintes institutionnelles engendrées par la mise en œuvre des réglementations environnementales à l'échelle locale. La pertinence des dispositifs institutionnels environnementaux (DIE) comme solution coopérative à la fragmentation de la structure politico-administrative française focalise l'analyse. La thèse développe deux types de travaux. Les propositions du fédéralisme environnemental, sur la supériorité de la centralisation des compétences de gestion en présence d'un enjeu environnemental avec effets de débordement, sont évaluées à l'aune des réalités politiques locales. Une analyse économétrique des votes des élus locaux pour le cas du SAGE « Estuaire de la Gironde » permet d'apprécier la coïncidence entre le plan de gestion du bassin versant et les enjeux économiques auxquels les élus sont confrontés, via les groupes d'intérêts. La portée incitative des DIE est ensuite abordée. La théorie des coûts de transactions permet de les considérer comme des contrats relationnels basés sur la spécificité des acteurs et leur positionnement les uns vis-à-vis des autres. La reconstruction du réseau des acteurs qui portent les enjeux environnementaux de l'estuaire de la Gironde montre l'importance des acteurs publics locaux. L'analyse statistique de la formation des liens de collaboration intègre cette particularité en se concentrant sur la relation élu-technicien. La thèse montre que les dimensions politique, administrative et économique des interactions entre les acteurs altèrent l'utilité et la portée des DIE pour la coordination autour de la gestion environnementale à l'échelle locale
This thesis adopts a political economy perspective to address the institutional and political constraints influencing the implementation of environmental policies at a local level. A central focus of the analysis is on assessing the continued relevance of Environmental Institutional Devices (EIDs) as solutions for addressing French political and administrative fragmentation. The thesis pursues two core lines of inquiry. First, proposals developed within an environmental federalism tradition, which state that centralization of power is preferable in cases when environmental problems generate spillover, are evaluated against the realities of local community interests. Through carrying out an econometric test based on local elected representatives' votes, the thesis compares the contents of a watershed policy project in Gironde estuary with the types of issues representatives face on a daily basis, in particular from economic interest groups. Second, the thesis analyses incentives contained in EIDs. Transaction costs theory provides the tools for interpreting EIDs as relational contracts based on an actor's specificity and his/her respective positioning vis-à-vis others. Through this reconstruction of an environmental governance network on the Gironde estuary, I reveal the prevalence of public actors. A statistical analysis of network formation integrates this feature by focusing on the politician-bureaucrat relationship. The results show how political, administrative and economic dimensions of environmental coordination mitigate against the usefulness and the incentive-compatibility of EIDs as tools for environmental policy implementation at local level

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Olivero, Julie. "Entreprises et management environnemental : pratiques de gestion dans les établissements à risques règlementés situés sur le littoral français." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1072.

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Face à une montée en puissance de la conscience sociétale et au renforcement législatif,les questions environnementales représentent un enjeu stratégique pour les établissements polluants.Inscrite dans le champ de la RSE,cette thèse vise à comprendre la décision de gestion des risques environnementaux au sein d'établissements à risques situés dans des agglomérations littorales françaises.Elle analyse les dispositifs d'évaluation, de gestion et de communication des risques environnementaux, appelés «risques industrialo-environnementaux» (RIE),et identifie les motivations et freins de ces actions tels qu'ils sont perçus par les responsables.Les travaux sur la décision individuelle face au risque,la théorie des parties prenantes,et la théorie néo-institutionnelle servent de prisme théorique.La méthodologie s'articule en deux temps:19 entretiens avec analyse textuelle,et 196 questionnaires.Malgré une prise de conscience collective des enjeux environnementaux,les RIE sont gérés significativement depuis une dizaine d'années.Si la réglementation et les valeurs des dirigeants guident principalement les établissements vers une gestion plus responsable,la complexité des textes réglementaires et le manque d'informations expliquent la perte de vitesse des initiatives environnementales (SME, EMAS, partenariats). Les établissements sondés adoptent des démarches réactives de conformité réglementaire.Les coûts,le manque de moyens,la faible perception des avantages immédiats sont des freins à la poursuite d'actions environnementales plus ambitieuses.La gestion des RIE apparaît davantage comme un moyen onéreux de légitimer et de pérenniser les activités que comme une opportunité économique
The increasing societal awareness and the intensification of the regulation make henceforth strategic environmental issues for pollutant sites. Included within the scope of the CSR, this thesis aims to understand the management decision of environmental risks within risky sites located in French densely populated coastal areas. It analyses the ways of evaluating, managing and communicating about environmental risks, also called “industrialo-environmental risks” (IER), and identifies motivations and difficulties of these actions as described by managers. The research is based on a multidisciplinary theoretical framework: the work on the individual decision under risk, the stakeholder theory, and the neo-institutionalism. The research methodology is divided into two times: a qualitative study of 19 interviews with textual analysis, and a survey of 196 sites by questionnaire. Results emphasize that, despite a collective awareness of environmental issues, IER have been significantly managed since only a decade. If regulatory stakeholders and leaders' values primarily guide risky sites towards a more "responsible" management, the complexity of regulation and the lack of information explain the slowing of environmental initiatives (EMS, EMAS eco-audit, partnerships). The surveyed sites adopt reactive approaches of regulatory compliance. Costs, lack of human and financial resources, and the low perception of the immediate benefits are considered as barriers to the pursuit of more ambitious environmental activities. Thus, the IER management appears more as a way to legitimize and sustain activities as an economic advantage

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Carvalho, Vinícius José Ribeiro de. "Das razões da utilização do EBITDA por profissionais de mercado: uma contribuição prática." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2015. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/953.

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This study seeks to understand the utilization of EBITDA by Brazilian market professionals. EBITDA, which emerged in the 1970s in the United States as a tool to measure the operating performance of companies with heavy capital investments and / or highly leveraged companies, due to its success quickly spread throughout the world as an important proxy for cash flows. However, over the years the academic and professional community, as well as regulators and standard-setting bodies, raised a number of criticisms and warnings on its use, possibly greater than its virtues. Thus, was born the motivation of this work: why and how highly skilled and qualified professionals continue utilizing EBITDA in their daily work, despite its conceptual weaknesses? Additionally, there was the motivation to discuss an issue lacking depth in Brazil. This is a qualitative and exploratory study, conducted through interviews with a sample of professionals selected by convenience and the data analyzed by the content analysis technique, with ATLAS.ti software support. The results show that the professionals of the sample continue using EBITDA mainly for ease of use and calculation, and deem it a good measure of operating performance. However, in addition to several criticisms, also showed us that they continue to utilize EBITDA due to the lack of a good proxy for cash flow that has a similar cost-benefit relation. Finally, we identified that one of the probable reasons for its mass utilization lies in Mimetic Isomorphism, as analyzed by the New Institutional Sociology, or Neo-institutionalism.
Este trabalho buscou entender a utilização do EBITDA por profissionais atuantes no mercado profissional brasileiro. O EBITDA, que despontou na década de 1970 nos Estados Unidos da América como uma ferramenta para medir o desempenho operacional de empresas com pesados investimentos em capital intensivo e/ou empresas altamente alavancadas, devido ao seu sucesso rapidamente se disseminou por todo o mundo como uma importante proxy para fluxos de caixa. No entanto, ao longo dos anos a comunidade acadêmica e profissional, assim como órgãos reguladores e normatizadores, levantaram uma série de críticas e ponderações quanto ao seu uso, possivelmente maiores que suas virtudes. Assim, nasceu a motivação deste trabalho: por que e como profissionais tão gabaritados continuam utilizando o EBITDA em seu dia a dia, apesar de suas fragilidades conceituais? Também teve-se a motivação de discutir um tema pouco aprofundado no Brasil. Trata-se de um trabalho de cunho qualitativo e exploratório, realizado através de entrevista com amostra de profissionais selecionados por conveniência e com os dados analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo, com suporte do software ATLAS.ti. Os resultados apontaram que os profissionais da amostra continuam utilizando o EBITDA principalmente pela facilidade de uso e de cálculo, além de entenderem ser uma boa medida de desempenho operacional. No entanto, além das diversas críticas tecidas, apontam também que o utilizam devido a falta de uma boa proxy para fluxo de caixa que tenha custo benefício de utilização semelhante. Por fim, identificamos que uma das razões para sua utilização reside no Isomorfismo Mimético, conforme analisado pela Nova Sociologia Institucional, ou Neo-institucionalismo.

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Moraes, Marcio Fabio Paula de. "Informatização da operação e da gestão de uma unidade de saúde de alta complexidade do sistema único de saúde (SUS): estudo de caso do instituto de medicina integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (Imip) sob o enfoque do isomorfismo institucional." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/7792.

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This study seeks to identify and evaluate a choice made by Imip in the light of neo-institutional theory, using isomorphic mechanisms that are characteristic of the field of health organizations. It is a case study, whose main object of analysis is Imip, with a special emphasis on two models for computerizing operations and management, with a view to establishing which is the more appropriate for the specific features of the institution, including financial aspects and cost-benefit analysis. The first model is an in-house computer system; the second a ready-made management system sold by a company specializing in this technology. The methodology includes bibliographical documentary and field research. The study is guided theoretically by neo-institutional theory and the field work involved simple observation, with a view to comparing variables from the two models under evaluation, and data collection using two questionnaires: one open questionnaire to be applied to IMIP managers and one mixed questionnaire to be applied to one hundred randomly-selected collaborators and system-users. The findings included clear references to isomorphism, chiefly of the mimetic kind, in the perceptions of respondents. On completion of the research, it was possible to conclude that contracting a hospital management system already available on the market, which has been designed and is sold by a technology company specializing in the health sector, is the best option for the organization, since the similarities that exist between the processes of this Institute and those contained in the system are much more significant than any specific feature of the Institute. Another relevant factor concerned the high cost involved in a single institution developing and maintaining singlehanded an up-to-date system that is in compliance with the normative and technical requirements of health organizations and the information quality standards stipulated by the Brazilian National Health System.
O trabalho buscou identificar e avaliar a escolha do Imip à luz da teoria neoinstitucional, mediante os mecanismos isomórficos que caracterizam o campo das organizações de saúde. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, tendo o Imip como objeto de análise, voltado especificamente para dois modelos de informatização da operação e da gestão, a fim de verificar qual o mais adequado para as especificidades da instituição, incluindo o aspecto financeiro, custo/benefício. O primeiro modelo se refere a um sistema próprio de informatização; o segundo a um modelo de sistema de gestão já existente, comercializado por empresa especializada nesta tecnologia. A metodologia abrangeu pesquisas bibliográficas, documentais e de campo. O referencial teórico foi a teoria neoinstitucional e o trabalho de campo constou de uma pesquisa incluindo observação simples, visando compor variáveis dos dois modelos avaliados, e coleta de dados realizada por meio da aplicação de dois questionários: um questionário aberto, com os dirigentes do Imip, e um questionário misto, com cem colaboradores, utilizadores do sistema, escolhidos aleatoriamente, por sorteio. Entre os achados se identificou claras referências ao isomorfismo, principalmente o mimético, nas percepções dos indivíduos respondentes. Ao final da pesquisa, foi possível concluir que a contratação de um sistema de gestão hospitalar, já existente no mercado, concebido e comercializado por empresa de tecnologia especializada no segmento da saúde, justificou-se como a melhor escolha para a organização, pois, as semelhanças existentes entre os processos do Instituto e aqueles contidos no sistema eram muito mais relevantes que suas particularidades. Outro fator relevante levou em consideração os elevados custos para uma única instituição desenvolver e manter sozinha um sistema atualizado segundo as exigências normativas e técnicas necessárias às organizações de saúde e os padrões de qualidade da informação estabelecidos pelo SUS.

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Velut, Jean-Baptiste. "Libéralisation ou équité des échanges? : Les conflits sur les modalités de l'élaboration de la politique commerciale américaine de l'ALENA à l'ALEAC (1991-2005)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030017/document.

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Aux Etats-Unis, les années 1990 ont été marquées par l’émergence de nouveaux débats politiques sur le libre-échange. Une large coalition de syndicats et d’organisations pour la protection de l’environnement et des consommateurs s’est pour la première fois mobilisée dans le but de redéfinir les règles de la politique commerciale américaine. Quel est le bilan de leurs activités politiques, près de quinze après leur première bataille législative contre l’Accord de libre-échange nord-américain (ALENA) ? Ce travail de recherche s’appuie sur une série d’entretiens avec des acteurs politiques, des documents internes de groupes d’intérêts (syndicats, écologistes, patronat, etc.) et les registres du Congrès pour analyser les conflits entre les défenseurs du libre-échange et les partisans d’une « équité des échanges » à travers cinq études de cas entre 1991 et 2005. L’analyse conclut que la « relation spéciale » entre le patronat et l’exécutif a été l’un des principaux obstacles aux progrès de l’alliance entre syndicalistes et écologistes depuis l’origine du processus de décision jusqu’à la ratification au Congrès. Non seulement les institutions américaines ont limité l’influence des groupes de la société civile à l’origine des négociations commerciales, mais le président a également fortement assisté les organisations patronales dans leurs efforts de lobbying, leur permettant de remporter la plupart des batailles législatives entre 1991 et 2005
The 1990s marked the emergence of the “new politics of American trade.” A large coalition of labor, environmental and consumer organizations fought to broaden the narrow economic scope of American trade policy and change the rules of globalization. More than fifteen years after their first legislative battle against the North American Free Trade Agreement, what is the legacy of their political mobilization? What factors constrained their progress? Drawing from interviews with political actors, lobbying materials from labor, environmental and business organizations, and congressional records, this dissertation analyzes the clash between “fair” and “free” traders in five major legislative battles from 1991 to 2005. It reveals that the “special relationship” between the business community and the executive branch was the key obstacle to the achievements of the “blue (collar)-green” alliance from the beginning to the end of the policy process. Not only did the private sector enjoy privileged access to the negotiations phase, but the president also assisted free trade coalitions in their lobbying efforts, allowing them to win most legislative battles

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Brädefors, Maja, and Therése Kihlman. "IT för hållbart samhälle : Drivkrafter till strategisk Corporate Social Responsibility hos IT-företag i Sverige." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414985.

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Vikten av strategisk Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) har ökat under de senaste åren då intressenter ställer krav på företag att agera ansvarsfullt gentemot samhället. För att möta dessa krav är en fungerande CSR-strategi en nödvändighet, och för att företag på lång sikt ska kunna få ökat förtroende hos sina intressenter är kommunikationen av CSR-arbetet en angelägenhet. Informationsteknologi (IT) kan ha en stor negativ påverkan på samhället, men IT-företagens produkter och tjänster kan vara avgörande verktyg för att lösa många av dagens och morgondagens samhällsproblem. Det finns en brist inom den tidigare forskningen gällande strategisk CSR inom IT-branschen. Därför ämnar denna studie belysa hur företag inom den svenska IT-branschen uppfattar det ansvar de har för samhället och hur de möter sina intressenters krav. Genom att besvara frågeställningarna (1) Vilka är drivkrafterna till det strategiska arbetet med CSR hos IT-företag i Sverige? och (2) Hur kommunicerar IT-företag i Sverige sitt strategiska CSR-arbete till sina intressenter? ämnar uppsatsen därmed besvara vad det är som driver företagen till att arbeta strategiskt med CSR och hur detta arbete kan bidra till värde för dess primära intressenter. Med hjälp av den nyinstitutionella teorin har drivkrafter till det strategiska CSR-arbetet kunnat belysas och för att undersöka hur IT-företag kommunicerar har denna studie använt Morsing och Schultz, tre CSR-kommunikationsstrategier. Denna uppsats har sin utgångspunkt i strategiskt CSR-arbete ur ett ledningsperspektiv och har utförts genom att intervjua CSR- och hållbarhetschefer samt analysera hållbarhetsrapporter från sju erkända aktörer i den svenska IT-branschen. Resultaten har visat att de största drivkrafterna till företagens strategiska CSR-arbete är legitimitet, anseende och konkurrenskraft. Resultaten har även visat att kommunikationen av det strategiska CSR-arbetet styrs av den målgrupp kommunikationen är ämnad för och att företagen tillämpar kommunikationsstrategin därefter.
The importance of Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has increased in recent years as stakeholders demand companies to act responsibly towards the society. In order to meet these demands, a functioning CSR strategy is a necessity, and in order for companies to gain trust from their stakeholders in the long term, communication of the CSR strategy is essential. Information technology (IT) can have a major negative impact on society, but IT companies' products and services can be crucial tools to solve many of today's and tomorrow's societal problems. There is a shortage in previous research on strategic CSR in the IT sector. Therefore, this study aims to shed light on how companies in the Swedish IT sector perceive the responsibility they have for society and how they meet the demands of their stakeholders. By answering the questions (1) What are the drivers of the strategic work with CSR in IT companies in Sweden? and (2) How do IT companies in Sweden communicate their strategic CSR to their stakeholders?, this paper aims to answer what drives the companies to work strategically with CSR and how this work can add value for its primary stakeholders. By applying the neo-institutional theory, driving forces for strategic CSR have been highlighted, and in order to investigate how IT companies communicate their strategic CSR, this study has applied Morsing and Schultz’ three CSR communication strategies. This paper studies strategic CSR from a management perspective by interviewing Sustainability Managers and analysing Sustainability Reports from seven recognized actors within the swedish IT sector. The results have shown that the main drivers of strategic CSR for IT companies are legitimacy, reputation and competitiveness. Additionally, the results have shown that the communication of the strategic CSR is dependent on the stakeholder group the communication is intended for and that the companies apply the communication strategy thereafter.

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Santos, Agida Maria Cavalcante dos 1964. "PROEJA : análise do processo de implantação da política educacional profissionalizante para jovens e adultos no Estado do Amazonas." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/250833.

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Orientador: Newton Antonio Paciulli Bryan
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
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Resumo: A pesquisa apresentada analisa o processo de implantação da política pública educacional constante no Decreto nº 5.840 de 2006 que propõe executar de forma conjunta o Ensino Médio e a Educação Profissional, na vertente do Ensino Técnico, para a população de jovens e adultos. Foi realizada em três cidades do estado do Amazonas, a saber: a capital Manaus, economicamente determinada pelo Pólo Industrial de Manaus (PIM), no Município de Coari, que é sede do pólo de extração do gás natural pela PETROBRAS, e no Município de São Gabriel da Cachoeira, área fronteiriça e militarizada, com grande concentração de população indígena. A presente pesquisa examina o processo de implementação da política no período de 2006 a 2010. Portanto, este trabalho se debruça na historicização das políticas destinada à modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos, desde os anos de 1940 até 2006, relacionando-as com a problemática social do analfabetismo no Brasil; passa pela exposição das Teorias do Estado: Pluralistas, Marxistas, Elitista e Corporativos, apresentadas por Shumpeter (1947), Beer (1965), e Ham & Hill (1984), levantando, assim, os construtos da gênese elaborativa em Políticas Públicas. Através do estudo do modelo de Estado, apontamos o Neoinstitucionalismo Histórico de Marques (1997), Evans (1993) e Ham & Hill (1993), como matriz propulsora desta política, bem como os estudos de Skopcol (1989) sobre a autonomia do Estado, sua capacidade e racionalidade. Os autores Mazmanian, D. (2003), Van Meter e Van Horner (2003), Elmore, R. (2003) e Villanueva (2003), nos ajudam a construir a tipologia dos modelos dos processos de implantação que foram usados para classificar a política estudada. Os dados levantados apontam de forma conclusiva que o modelo de implantação adotada nesta política educacional interfere de forma decisiva no seu sucesso, comprometendo os objetivos propostos pela mesma.
Abstract: The research presented analyzes the implementation process of public education policy contained in Decree 5840 of 2006 which proposes run jointly high school and professional education, the slope of Technical Education, for the population of young adults. It was held in three cities in the state of Amazonas, namely the capital Manaus, economically determined by the Industrial Pole of Manaus (PIM), in the city of Coari, which is headquartered pole extraction of natural gas by PETROBRAS, and the City of São Gabriel da Cachoeira, and militarized border area with high concentration of indigenous population. This research examines the process of policy implementation in the period from 2006 to 2010. Therefore, this work focuses on policies aimed at historicizing modality Youth and Adults, from the years 1940 to 2006, relating them to the social problem of illiteracy in Brazil; passes by exposure Theories of the State: Pluralist, Marxist Elitist Corporate and presented by Schumpeter (1947), Beer (1965), and Ham & Hill (1984), raising thus the constructs of elaborative genesis in Public Policy. Through the study of the state model, we point neoinstitutionalism History Marques (1997), Evans (1993) and Ham & Hill (1993), propelling this policy matrix as well as studies of Skopcol (1989) on the autonomy of the state its ability and rationality. The authors Mazmanian, D. (2003), Van Meter and Van Horner (2003), Elmore, R. (2003) and Villanueva (2003), help us to build a typology of models of deployment processes that were used to classify the studied policy. The data collected indicate conclusively that the deployment model adopted in this educational policy interferes decisively in their success, compromising the objectives proposed for the same.
Doutorado
Politicas, Administração e Sistemas Educacionais
Doutora em Educação

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Grall, Bénédicte. "Le rôle de la technologie dans la construction des représentations et des pratiques de la relation client : le cas des progiciels CRM." Thesis, Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHEC0011/document.

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Alors que les outils de gestion envahissent les organisations, nous en savons encore très peu sur la manière dont ils agissent sur les habitudes de penser, sur les façons de faire et sur les comportements.Cette thèse s'intéresse au rôle des progiciels CRM dans la construction des représentations et des pratiques de la relation client. Ces progiciels sont étudiés à deux niveaux: celui de l'espace professionnel des Directeurs commerciaux et celui d'une organisation. Tout d'abord, à partir de l'analyse, entre 1990 et 2009, d'une revue professionnelle destinée aux Directeurs commerciaux, nous montrons l'institutionnalisation des progiciels CRM et que cette institutionnalisation s'est accompagnée d'un déplacement des représentations relatives à ce qui est considéré comme une "bonne" gestion de la relation client. Parallèlement, nous avons mené une étude de cas en profondeur sur dix ans, rendant compte de la mise en oeuvre et de l'utilisation d'un progiciel CRM particulier. Nous montrons que la mise en oeuvre d'un progiciel CRM requiert un processus de traduction continu. Puis, nous mettons en évidence plusieurs transformations des pratiques dont certaines n'étaient pas attendues. Les transformations touchent la connaissance client et son partage, ainsi que les modes de contrôle à l'oeuvre dans l'organisation. Au-delà des transformations des pratiques en matière de contrôle hiérarchique, le progiciel CRM a notamment favorisé la mise en place de deux nouveaux modes de contrôle: un contrôle latéral (entre pairs) et un contrôle transversal (entre fonctions). Notre recherche s'inscrit dans la lignée des travaux qui considèrent que les outils de gestion, et plus globalement les artefacts, méritent qu'on leur accorde une attention plus grande. Nous illustrons plus largement dans ce travail l'intérêt d'aborder les processus organisationnels en prenant au sérieux les objets techniques indissociables de l'action. En les prenant comme points d'entrée, il est possible de documenter des phénomènes jusqu'alors peu explorés
Though management tools are more and more present in organizations, little is known on how they act on mindsets, on habits and on behaviours.This dissertation focuses on the role of CRM software packages in the construction of customer relationship representations and practices. These software packages were studied at two different levels: the sales director community and an organization. First of all, a professional journal analysis between 1990 and 2009 was conducted. The results show that CRM software packages were institutionalized and that this institutionalization comes with a shift in the representations of what is considered as "good" customer relationship management. Then, a ten year in-depth case study of the implementation and the use of a CRM software package was conducted.The results show that the implementation of a CRM software package requires a continuous translation process. They also highlight some changes in practices, of which some are unintended. The changes are related to customer knowledge, its sharing and the modes of control inside the firm. Beyond changes in hierarchical control, the CRM software package leads to the implementation of two new modes of control: a lateral control(between peers) and a transversal control (between functions). This research is in line with the literature that considers that more attention has to be paid to management tools, and more generally to artefacts. We illustrate more broadly in this dissertation the interest of addressing organizational processes by taking seriously the technical objects indissociable from action. Taking them as a starting point for research could be a mean to inform currently underexplored phenomena

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Jaubert, Guillaume. "L’invention de la gouvernance managériale des associations-gestionnaires du secteur du handicap : une approche sociohistorique de la construction d’un modèle institutionnel." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30084/document.

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La thèse a pour but de décrire, dans une perspective sociohistorique, la construction du modèle institutionnel de la grande association-gestionnaire du secteur du handicap. La problématique de la thèse consiste à rendre compte de la genèse et de la stabilisation de la gouvernance de ces associations.Les associations-gestionnaires sont présentées comme des formes d’action collective qui hésitent entre l’idéaltype de l’association et celui de l’entreprise. Deux corpus théoriques concurrents et antagonistes se disputent la légitimité de rendre compte des problèmes de gouvernance. Les théories de l’économie sociale et solidaire considèrent l’association comme un système de gouvernance spécifique opposé à celui de l’entreprise. Pour cette théorie, la gouvernance associative a pour fonction de protéger les associations des logiques économiques et managériales susceptibles de détruire la spécificité des associations. Le second corpus des théories de la gouvernance s’intéresse en priorité à l’entreprise et considère que seules les organisations aux systèmes de gouvernance les plus efficients perdurent. Au regard de ces deux corpus, la thèse a pour objectif de rendre compte de l’émergence de la gouvernance managériale des grandes associations-gestionnaires du secteur du handicap.Du point de vue de la méthode, la thèse s’appuie sur l’étude approfondie de deux études de cas longitudinales. Les cas sélectionnés sont deux grandes associations-gestionnaires - l’ADAPEI du Rhône et l’OVE – l’une et l’autre de grande taille (budgets annuels de l’ordre de 100 ME et regroupant chacune environ 1 500 professionnels). La méthode d’analyse utilisée est celle des « monographies historiques », comportant plusieurs phases : (1) analyse des archives (environ 1 000 pages de notes sur archives), (2) entretiens semi-directifs avec les acteurs internes (43 entretiens semi-directifs, (3) entretiens complémentaires avec les partenaires (55 entretiens semi-directifs avec les pouvoirs publics, d’autres associations, etc.).Ce travail de thèse remet en question la pertinence des thèses de l’économie sociale et solidaire sur la gouvernance associative. Quelles que soient les valeurs originelles défendues par les associations étudiées, ces dernières réalisent leurs projets associatifs en militant pour la création et la gestion d’établissements de prise en charge des personnes handicapées et participent activement à la construction d’un secteur économique à part entière.Les processus de structuration et de professionnalisation du management sont engagés en interne par les instances militantes des associations, lesquels introduisent les premiers outils de gestion. Les directions générales formalisent progressivement la gouvernance des associations et participent à renforcer et à réaffirmer les projets associatifs. L’instauration de principes de gouvernance permet de lutter contre l’appropriation du pouvoir par un petit groupe de bénévoles et de mettre en œuvre une gouvernance cognitive favorisant les débats entre dirigeants autour des grandes orientations stratégiques.L’étude historique de la gouvernance des associations-gestionnaires rompt avec l’opposition défendue par l’économie sociale et solidaire entre un premier « âge d’or » reposant sur une solidarité « héroïque » de quelques militants, et le temps de l’efficience où les associations sont considérées comme de simples organisations économiques sans âme et sans morale
The purpose of this thesis is to describe, from a sociohistorical perspective, the development of the institutional model of the large managing association in the disability sector. The thesis statement is to report on the origin and stabilisation of the governance in these entities.Managing associations are often depicted as sorts of collective actions hesitating between the ideal model of the association and the ideal model of the enterprise. Two competing and antagonistic theoretical corpora are fighting over the legitimacy of governance issues analysis. The theories of social and solidarity economy regard the association as a specific governance system in contradiction with the corporate one. According to these theories, associative governance aims to protect associations from economic and managerial approaches likely to destroy their specific character. The second corpus of governance theories, primarily focused on the enterprise, considers that the organisations with the most efficient governance systems are the only lasting ones. In the light of these two corpora, the thesis aims to report on the emergence of managerial governance in large managing associations in the disability sector.As regards the method, the thesis is based on a comprehensive analysis of two longitudinal case studies. Two managing associations – the ADAPEI du Rhône and the OVE – both of large size (annual budgets in the range of EUR 100m and gathering each about 150 professionals) – were chosen for the case studies. The analytical method, based on “historical monographs”, included several phases: (1) archive analysis (about 1,000 pages of notes on these archives); (2) semi-structured interviews conducted with internal stakeholders (43 semi-structured interviews); and (3) additional interviews conducted with partners (55 semi-structured interviews with public authorities, other associations, etc.).This thesis calls into question the relevance of the theories of social and solidarity economy when it comes to associative governance. Regardless of the original values promoted by the studied organisations, these achieve their associative projects by advocating for the establishment and management of care facilities for people with disabilities, and they actively participate in the development of a full-fledged economic sector.Management structuring and professionalization processes, deployed internally by the entities’ activist authorities, introduce the first management tools. Managing directors, who gradually formalise the governance of the associations, contribute to the strengthening and reaffirmation of associative projects. The implementation of governance principles offers better protection against the appropriation of power by a small group of volunteers, and it also allows the application of a cognitive governance, which facilitates discussions on major strategic focuses between managers.The historical study of the governance of managing associations breaks with the theories of social and solidarity economy, which support an opposition between a first “golden age”, based on a “heroic” solidarity from a few activists, and the age of efficiency, where associations are considered as simple economical organisations void of heart and morals

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Harding, Tobias. "Nationalising Culture : The Reorganisation of National Culture in Swedish Cultural Policy 1970–2002." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Department for Studies of Social Change and Culture, Linköping University, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-9896.

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El, hajjari Borg Mounia, and Elin Sundberg. "Licence to Talk : Sustainability Managers and their Managerial Realities within the Corporate Sustainability Paradox." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448552.

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While sustainability-dedicated managers and related titles represent a profession that has hardly existed for more than a decade, it is not surprising that the field of research concentrating on these professionals is in itself relatively new. With an increasing demand for corporations to take their social and environmental responsibility, and a corporate sustainability characterized by tension and paradox, we found it of importance to explore the role and entanglements of these professionals. By analysing 17 in-depth interviews with sustainability-dedicated professionals from the private sector in Sweden, our interpretation is that sustainability managers hold the function of selling sustainability, with talk as their main weapon. Expressly, in the intersection between business-case logics and sustainability logics, sustainability managers have to, above all, make a convincing case for sustainability, inwards and outwards. Therefore, they draw dynamically on different narratives which we conceptualise in three roles: the chameleon, the pragmatic, and the nagging manager. Through these roles, we intend to capture the fluidity with which the managers relate and engage with sustainability, and hence we do not mean to ossify a role’s dynamics within a single, static or stereotypical category. We discuss these findings and concepts to the background of previous studies and existing literature.

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Liu, Hsienlun, and 劉先倫. "A Study of U.S.-China Space Development:A Neo-liberal Institutionalism Perspective." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00082131963125492271.

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碩士
國防大學
戰略研究所
100
Up to today, United States remains the world's super power and leader in space. However, China is a rising power in Asian area and space. Generally speaking, how the U.S.-Sino space development will be evolved is examined from the realism view point with the focus on national security and interest, using arms race or space warfare to review their relationship development trend while ignoring globalization has intensified interdependence among nations. This study, adopting the neo-liberal institutionalism view point, aims to investigate the direction of U.S.-Sino space security development through “interdependence,”“international regimes,” and “international cooperation” theories. Space security issues include traditional and non-traditional security threats, and gradually affect human survival and life. With globalization, complex interdependence among nations is rising. Thus, U.S.-Sino relation has increased gradually through the function of international regimes, increased mutual trust, and policy transparency to avoid space conflicts, with emphasis on promoting international cooperation in space. Realism, in terms of space development process, fails to explain the phenomenon of international cooperation, while the neo-liberal institutionalism can easily do. From “international regimes,” and “international cooperation” patterns of the neo-liberal institutionalism, this study observes that it is necessary to form a consensus of the international norms to resolve disputes in this complex interdependence among nations in regards to the national security and interests issues, to promote interests sharing and international cooperation.

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Chang, Wei-Lun, and 張維倫. "Strategy of Internationalization of China’s State-Owned Enterprises: a neo-institutionalism approach." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82199905791691668507.

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碩士
國立東華大學
公共行政研究所
94
As the Chinese enterprises have been making aggressive investments overseas over the past years, internationalization has become a trend among Chinese enterprises. Since the Chinese government opted for an opening policy and implemented the “Bring in Policy” in 1979, the country has successfully attracted significant amount of foreign capital to China. As of late 2004, foreign direct investment inflows to China reached US$2,454.67 billion. In order to launch more initiative and make its businesses more active and competitive in the international marketplace, China proposed the “Goes Global” Strategy in 2000 as a way to upgrade its economic development, when China was admitted to WTO. With regards to China’s direct investment overseas, it grew from US$277.68 billion in 2000 to approximately US$ 388.25 billion in 2004. China has become a major investment player in more than 160 countries around the world. Compared to other developing countries, China has grown remarkably. In this study, With the reference literatures, it’s clarify the main characteristics of China’s internationalization as follows: 1. State-owned enterprises, SOE, are relatively privileged investors. 2. More investments are being made in developing countries. 3. Diversified investment activities, though energy and manufacturing industries remain dominant. especially High-Technology industry. 4. M&A remains a key investment strategy. In the process of internationalization, the Chinese Government plays leading role, as it helps Chinese enterprises expand in the international marketplace. However, the key element of its internationalization – competitiveness of state-owned firms remains to be a key question. On the other hand, the impact of internationalization is another key issue in this study. Furthermore, some of these enterprises are engaged in long-term business relationships with Taiwanese firms. As such, the way it goes international may create impacts on Taiwan’s politics and economy.

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Huang, Chiung-yu, and 黃瓊玉. "The Formation and Development of EAS: A Perspective of Neo-Liberal Institutionalism." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32307932503789785044.

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碩士
南華大學
國際暨大陸事務學系亞太研究所碩士班
96
This thesis discusses the East Asia Summit (EAS) which comprises16 countries, the 10 ASEAN countries, China, Japan, India, Australia and New Zealand had already held three times meetings and signed three declarations. No doubt the EAS represents almost 50 percent of the world’s population and over 20 percent of the world’s trade in so far the EAS show the influence to the regional and global political economic. 　　　　The main research of this study is to observe the formation, evolution, and institutional functions of the EAS from the perspective of the Neo-Liberal Institutionalism. As being a new born summit in the East Asia, EAS might be a milestone for the intra three regions cooperation; we are looking forward to see the achievements in the coming fourth EAS.

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Chen, Kuan-wei, and 陳冠維. "A study of the European Union governance model by the neo-institutionalism analysis." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24202221031575575876.

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碩士
淡江大學
歐洲研究所
90
Abstract The European integration has begun half a century ago, and it is the most abundant achievement of all regional integration. The European Union is nowadays, the unique international organization with economical sovereign. According to the international law, the legal status of international organization that is held by the European Union is a special case worthy of study. Besides, in the issues of multi-level governance, the European Union is a obvious and concrete object of study. This study uses the approach of neo-institutionalism, the historical approach and the approach of data analysis. By analyzing the meaning and history of treaties, rules and their changing, we can explain the evolution of European Union. This study splits the history of the European integration in to four different periods. The first period lies between its beginning and the world wide financial crisis. The second period is from the world financial crisis to the stagflation. The third period goes through prosperity till the collapse of the Yalta system. The fourth period begins at the post-cold war period, and until now. This study supposes that the event above did occurred, and influences deeply in the changing of the European Union institutions. And in the different periods, we could observe changings of the European Union''s behavior through the difference of the power the different countries hold. This helps us to understand how the supranational authority changes themselves according to the limitation of institutional environment. The end of this study summarizes a skeleton of the development of the European Union, and predicts the future development.

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Yan, Shih-fan, and 楊世帆. "An Analysis of International Telecommunication Regime: The Perspectives and limitation of The Neo-Liberal Institutionalism." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22008077188936536426.

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Hui-JuChen and 陳蕙如. "The Comparative Political Economy of Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank’s Development: An Analysis of Neo-Institutionalism." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gc5sk3.

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碩士
國立成功大學
政治經濟研究所
104
The situation of China’s reform and economic rise has gradually affected the on going restructuring of Asian’s political and economic order. In 2013, China initially proposed the creation of an Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) under the “One Belt One Road” strategy, and immediately attracted international attention. This paper’s purpose, in this context, is to research and compare AIIB with existing international financial systems: IMF, WB and ADB in a political and economic research. In this paper, it discusses why the AIIB was created with emperical evidence, and why AIIB is paid close attention by the international communities. In research methods, the analytical tools are “condition”, ”Choice”, and “innovation” mechanisms which reconstructed the Neo-Institutionalism approach on the domestic, the international, and on the regional level. On the domestic level, the results found that China's macroeconomic policies limited China’s industrial development and has resulted in excess capacity. The AIIB is chosen as the policy for outputting excess capacity and reaching the target of the internationalization of Renminbi. It demonstrates the development of AIIB as going from “strong economy - weak institution” toward “strong economy - strong institution”. The AIIB is considered as “institutional innovation” which becomes the latest expectation of rescuing global economy crisis. On the international level, the IMF and WB have had restricted power on the voting system and the organization's governance, but the U.S. Congress has finally approved the quota and governance reforms since the loss of “Nash Equilibrium”. However because the United States expects to reduce the isolation of risks on the international community and also hopes China to comply more with the US-led institutions and rules, the IMF agrees SDR to include RMB. On the other hand, for the development of RMB’s internationalization and stable operation of the AIIB, China chose to adapt to the international financial environment. In order to avoid from taking the similarities of the IMF and WB, the locking in the path dependence, the AIIB has several innovative designs that are the shares and voting rights of member states protecting specific rights within the region, stressing cooperation with members and international organizations, and as well as an “international bank”. On the regional level, the establishment and operation of ADB have also constrained by the WB with isomorphic characteristics. Due to China’s and the ADB long existing “dependent – cooperative” relationship, in order to maintain the stable development of the relationship, it seems unlikely that the establishment of the AIIB to substantial adjust the relation with ADB. To create increasing returns, the AIIB announced that billing currency is going to use U.S. dollars. The AIIB as financial backing strategy of OBOR will impact the development of the Asia-Pacific infrastructure. Finally, so far the establishment of AIIB has caused three kinds of dynamics that are the dynamics of reform, the dynamics of innovation, and the dynamics of hybrid on the IMF, WB, and ADB.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Neo-institutionalism'

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