Relevant bibliographies by topics / Nerve Conduit

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Academic literature on the topic 'Nerve Conduit'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Nerve Conduit"

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Ho, Angela W. H., and W. Y. Ip. "Biocompatibility and Efficacy of Five-Channel and Eight-Channel Crosslinked Urethane-Doped Polyester Elastomers (CUPEs) as Nerve Guidance Conduit for Reconstruction of Segmental Peripheral Nerve Defect Using Rat Model." Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering 21 (August 2014): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.21.57.

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Introduction: Peripheral nerve injury is common in clinical practice. Nerve defect is a challenging scenario. The current gold standard of managing a nerve defect is autologous nerve graft. However, due to the selection of nerve graft and donor site morbidity, artificial nerve conduits are gaining popularity. However, there are drawbacks of single hollow conduit such as lack of internal support to prevent conduit collapse and inability so as to recreate the proper native spatial arrangement of cells and extracellular matrix within the conduit. In this study, the biocompatibility and efficacy of five-channel and eight-channel Crosslinked Urethane-doped Polyester Elastomers (CUPEs) as nerve guidance conduit will be evaluated through a rat model with reconstruction of segmental peripheral nerve defect. Material and Method: Eighteen adult Sprague-Dawley rats were used. They were randomly allocated to three groups: autograft group, five-channel conduit group and eight-channel conduit group with each consisted of six rats. A 10mm nerve defects were created at the right sciatic nerve. They were bridged with reverse autograft, 5-channel conduit and 8-channel conduit. After eight weeks the rats were euthanized and the reconstructed nerves were harvested for histomorphometric analysis. Result: All conduits showed regenerated nerve tissue inside. There was no collapse of the conduits. There were no severe tissue reaction or scarring near the reconstructed nerve. No neuroma was formed. Histomorphometric analysis showed nerve regeneration was enhanced with increasing number of channels inside conduit. There was overall drop in fiber density between proximal and distal segment among all groups. Conclusion: CUPE nerve guidance conduit is biocompatible and shows good nerve regeneration in reconstructing nerve defect.
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NAKAMURA, Tatsuo. "Nerve Tube (Nerve Conduit)." Kobunshi 53, no. 3 (2004): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/kobunshi.53.154.

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Onode, Ema, Takuya Uemura, Kiyohito Takamatsu, Kosuke Shintani, Takuya Yokoi, Mitsuhiro Okada, and Hiroaki Nakamura. "Nerve capping with a nerve conduit for the treatment of painful neuroma in the rat sciatic nerve." Journal of Neurosurgery 132, no. 3 (March 2020): 856–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2018.10.jns182113.

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OBJECTIVETreatment of painful neuroma remains difficult, despite the availability of numerous surgical procedures. Recently, nerve capping treatment for painful neuroma using artificial nerve conduits has been introduced in clinical and basic research. However, the appropriate length of the nerve conduit and the pain relief mechanism have not been determined. In this study the authors aimed to investigate nerve capping treatment with a bioabsorbable nerve conduit using the rat sciatic nerve amputation model. Using histological analysis, the authors focused on the nerve conduit length and pain relief mechanism.METHODSSixteen Sprague Dawley rats were evaluated for neuropathic pain using an autotomy (self-amputation) score and gross and histological changes of the nerve stump 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after sciatic nerve neurectomy without capping. Forty-five rats were divided into 3 experimental groups, no capping (control; n = 15), capping with a 3-mm nerve conduit (n = 15), and capping with a 6-mm nerve conduit (n = 15). All rats were evaluated using an autotomy score and nerve stump histology 12 weeks after neurectomy. The nerve conduit was approximately 0.5 mm larger than the 1.5-mm diameter of the rat sciatic nerves to prevent nerve constriction.RESULTSThe autotomy scores gradually exacerbated with time. Without capping, a typical bulbous neuroma was formed due to random axonal regeneration 2 weeks after neurectomy. Subsequently, the adhesion surrounding the neuroma expanded over time for 12 weeks, and at the 12-week time point, the highest average autotomy scores were observed in the no-capping (control) group, followed by the 3- and the 6-mm nerve conduit groups. Histologically, the distal axonal fibers became thinner and terminated within the 6-mm nerve conduit, whereas they were elongated and protruded across the 3-mm nerve conduit. Minimal perineural scar formation was present around the terminated axonal fibers in the 6-mm nerve conduit group. Expressions of anti–α smooth muscle actin and anti–sigma-1 receptor antibodies in the nerve stump significantly decreased in the 6-mm nerve conduit group.CONCLUSIONSIn the rat sciatic nerve amputation model, nerve capping treatment with a bioabsorbable nerve conduit provided relief from neuroma-induced neuropathic pain and prevented perineural scar formation and neuroinflammation around the nerve stump. The appropriate nerve conduit length was determined to be more than 4 times the diameter of the original nerve.
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Mitsuzawa, Sadaki, Ryosuke Ikeguchi, Tomoki Aoyama, Hisataka Takeuchi, Hirofumi Yurie, Hiroki Oda, Souichi Ohta, et al. "The Efficacy of a Scaffold-free Bio 3D Conduit Developed from Autologous Dermal Fibroblasts on Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in a Canine Ulnar Nerve Injury Model: A Preclinical Proof-of-Concept Study." Cell Transplantation 28, no. 9-10 (June 12, 2019): 1231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963689719855346.

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Autologous nerve grafting is widely accepted as the gold standard treatment for segmental nerve defects. To overcome the inevitable disadvantages of the original method, alternative methods such as the tubulization technique have been developed. Several studies have investigated the characteristics of an ideal nerve conduit in terms of supportive cells, scaffolds, growth factors, and vascularity. Previously, we confirmed that biological scaffold-free conduits fabricated from human dermal fibroblasts promote nerve regeneration in a rat sciatic nerve injury model. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of biological scaffold-free conduits composed of autologous dermal fibroblasts using a large-animal model. Six male beagle dogs were used in this study. Eight weeks before surgery, dermal fibroblasts were harvested from their groin skin and grown in culture. Bio 3D conduits were assembled from proliferating dermal fibroblasts using a Bio 3D printer. The ulnar nerve in each dog’s forelimb was exposed under general anesthesia and sharply cut to create a 5 mm interstump gap, which was bridged by the prepared 8 mm Bio 3D conduit. Ten weeks after surgery, nerve regeneration was investigated. Electrophysiological studies detected compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) of the hypothenar muscles and motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) in all animals. Macroscopic observation showed regenerated ulnar nerves. Low-level hypothenar muscle atrophy was confirmed. Immunohistochemical, histological, and morphometric studies confirmed the existence of many myelinated axons through the Bio 3D conduit. No severe adverse event was reported. Hypothenar muscles were re-innervated by regenerated nerve fibers through the Bio 3D conduit. The scaffold-free Bio 3D conduit fabricated from autologous dermal fibroblasts is effective for nerve regeneration in a canine ulnar nerve injury model. This technology was feasible as a treatment for peripheral nerve injury and segmental nerve defects in a preclinical setting.
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Eward, William C., Carter Lipton, Jonathan Barnwell, Thomas L. Smith, Matthew Crowe, and L. Andrew Koman. "Nerve Conduit Enhancement with Vomeronasal Organ Improves Rat Sciatic Functional Index in a Segmental Nerve Defect Model." Duke Orthopaedic Journal 1, no. 1 (2011): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10017-1002.

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ABSTRACT Background Segmental nerve loss presents a challenge to the reconstructive surgeon. The best regenerative results are obtained by using autologous interpositional nerve grafts. While this method can be successful, it necessitates a second surgical step, sacrifices donor nerve function and depends upon a finite supply of potential donor nerves. Collagen nerve conduits are commercially available for reconstruction of segmental nerve defects. However, no conduit-based reconstructive strategy has been as successful as autograft reconstruction. We hypothesized that collagen nerve conduits used to bridge a sciatic nerve defect may be enhanced by grafting with vomeronasal organ (VNO), owing to the unique capacity for regeneration of this mammalian olfactory tissue. Methods 21 rats underwent resection of a 1.0 cm segment of sciatic nerve. Seven rats underwent repair of the resultant nerve defect using a commercially available collagen nerve conduit (NeuraGen, Integra Life Sciences, Plainsboro NJ, USA). Seven rats underwent immediate repair of the nerve defect using the conduit filled with freshly harvested VNO allograft. An additional Seven rats underwent resection of a 4 mm segment of sciatic nerve and direct epineural repair. At 14 weeks postoperatively, all animals underwent walking track analysis. Toe prints were analyzed morphometrically to permit calculation of sciatic functional index (SFI). At 16 weeks postoperatively, rats were sacrificed and tissues were processed for histomorphometric analysis. This analysis included quantification of the number and diameter of myelinated axons as well as calculation of the axon density. Results All animals survived treatment without any serious surgical complications. All sciatic nerves were in continuity at sacrifice. All animals showed signs of sciatic denervation (decubitus ulcers, muscle atrophy) postoperatively. At 14 weeks, the mean sciatic functional index (SFI) was significantly higher in the VNO-enhanced group (p = 0.006) and the epineural repair (ER) groups (p = 0.004) than the conduit-only (CO) group. SFI was equivalent between VNO and ER groups (p = 0.338). Axon density was greater in the VNO (p = 0.013) and ER groups (p = 0.048) than in the CO group. Axon density was equivalent between the VNO and ER groups (p = 0.306). Conclusions In a rat sciatic nerve segmental defect model, modification of collagen nerve conduits to contain the pluripotent neuroepitheilial tissue vomeronasal organ (VNO) improves functional recovery and offers increased axon density relative to reconstruction with an empty conduit (CO).
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Yokoi, Takuya, Takuya Uemura, Kiyohito Takamatsu, Kosuke Shintani, Ema Onode, Shunpei Hama, Yusuke Miyashima, Mitsuhiro Okada, and Hiroaki Nakamura. "Fate and contribution of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurospheres transplanted with nerve conduits to promote peripheral nerve regeneration in mice." Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering 32, no. 3 (May 18, 2021): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/bme-201182.

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BACKGROUND: We previously demonstrated that a bioabsorbable nerve conduit coated with mouse induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurospheres accelerated peripheral nerve regeneration in mice. OBJECTIVE: We examined the fate and utility of iPSC-derived neurospheres transplanted with nerve conduits for the treatment of sciatic nerve gaps in mice. METHODS: Complete 5-mm defects were created in sciatic nerves and reconstructed using nerve conduits that were either uncoated or coated with mouse iPSC-derived neurospheres. The survival of the neurospheres on the nerve conduits was tracked using an in vivo imaging. The localization of the transplanted cells and regenerating axons was examined histologically. The gene expression levels in the nerve conduits were evaluated. RESULTS: The neurospheres survived for at least 14 days, peaking at 4--7 days after implantation. The grafted neurospheres remained as Schwann-like cells within the nerve conduits and migrated into the regenerated axons. The expression levels of ATF3, BDNF, and GDNF in the nerve conduit coated with neurospheres were upregulated. CONCLUSIONS: Mouse iPSC-derived neurospheres transplanted with nerve conduits for the treatment of sciatic nerve defects in mice migrated into regenerating axons, survived as Schwann-like cells, and promoted axonal growth with an elevation in the expression of nerve regeneration-associated trophic factors.
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Gontika, Ioanna, Michalis Katsimpoulas, Efstathios Antoniou, Alkiviadis Kostakis, Catherine Stavropoulos-Giokas, and Efstathios Michalopoulos. "Decellularized Human Umbilical Artery Used as Nerve Conduit." Bioengineering 5, no. 4 (November 21, 2018): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering5040100.

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Treatment of injuries to peripheral nerves after a segmental defect is one of the most challenging surgical problems. Despite advancements in microsurgical techniques, complete recovery of nerve function after repair has not been achieved. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of the decellularized human umbilical artery (hUA) as nerve guidance conduit. A segmental peripheral nerve injury was created in 24 Sprague–Dawley rats. The animals were organized into two experimental groups with different forms of repair: decellularized hUA (n = 12), and autologous nerve graft (n = 12). Sciatic faction index and gastrocnemius muscle values were calculated for functional recovery evaluation. Nerve morphometry was used to analyze nerve regeneration. Results showed that decellularized hUAs after implantation were rich in nerve fibers and characterized by improved Sciatic Functional index (SFI) values. Decellularized hUA may support elongation and bridging of the 10 mm nerve gap.
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Jiang, Xu, Ruifa Mi, Ahmet Hoke, and Sing Yian Chew. "Nanofibrous nerve conduit-enhanced peripheral nerve regeneration." Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine 8, no. 5 (June 15, 2012): 377–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/term.1531.

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Bae, Hong Ki, Chong Pyong Chung, and Dong June Chung. "Preparation and In Vitro Evaluation of Nerve Conduit Using Electro-Spun Biodegradable Polymers." Key Engineering Materials 342-343 (July 2007): 325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.342-343.325.

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In this study, we find out the possibilities to make conduit for nerve regeneration using biodegradable polymers, which have enough mechanical strength in surgery. Cell adhesion (PC12) behaviors about various nerve conduits have not great difference compared to control. This is regarded due to specific structure of nerve conduits formed nano-fibers. In the case of PPD, we observed better phenotype of adhered cell than PLGA samples. Also, PPD-PLGA bi-layered nerve conduits were more effective than PLGA nerve conduit for in vitro evaluation.
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de Ruiter, Godard C. W., Martijn J. A. Malessy, Michael J. Yaszemski, Anthony J. Windebank, and Robert J. Spinner. "Designing ideal conduits for peripheral nerve repair." Neurosurgical Focus 26, no. 2 (February 2009): E5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.2009.26.2.e5.

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Nerve tubes, guides, or conduits are a promising alternative for autologous nerve graft repair. The first biodegradable empty single lumen or hollow nerve tubes are currently available for clinical use and are being used mostly in the repair of small-diameter nerves with nerve defects of < 3 cm. These nerve tubes are made of different biomaterials using various fabrication techniques. As a result these tubes also differ in physical properties. In addition, several modifications to the common hollow nerve tube (for example, the addition of Schwann cells, growth factors, and internal frameworks) are being investigated that may increase the gap that can be bridged. This combination of chemical, physical, and biological factors has made the design of a nerve conduit into a complex process that demands close collaboration of bioengineers, neuroscientists, and peripheral nerve surgeons. In this article the authors discuss the different steps that are involved in the process of the design of an ideal nerve conduit for peripheral nerve repair.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nerve Conduit"

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Choy, Wai-man, and 蔡維敏. "Flexible nerve guidance conduit for peripheral nerve regeneration." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47326621.

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The golden method of peripheral nerve system injury is the nerve autograft, but it is associated with drawbacks such as donor site morbidity, needs of second incisions and the shortage of nerve grafts. Comparatively, connecting the nerve defect directly is an alternative. Unfortunately, if the defects are long, the induced tension will deteriorate the nerve regeneration. These limitations led to the development of artificial nerve guidance conduit (NGC). The market available NGC have problems of unsatisfactory functional recovery and may collapse after the implantation. These are attributed to material and structural deficiencies. Therefore, there is essential to study a biomaterial, which has excellent biological and physical properties to fit the NGC application. In addition, some studies suggested that the poor functional recovery resulted from the NGC implantation were due to the lack of micro-guidance inside the conduit. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the structural influence on the functional recovery of peripheral nerve injury. Crosslinked urethane-doped polyester elastomer (CUPE) is newly invented for a blood vessel graft because it possesses similar mechanical properties of blood vessel which is similar to nerve as well. Therefore, CUPE was also considered to be the NGC. Its biocompatibility has been proved to be excellent in the previous study done by Dr. Andrew SL, Ip. Targeting on the long peripheral nerve regeneration, the aims of this study are (1) to investigate the biocompatibility of CUPE in in-vitro condition and (2) to study the influence of nerve-like structure on the peripheral nerve system injury in an animal model. The ultimate goal is to enhance the functional recovery of peripheral nerve system injury by implanting a flexible biomaterial, CUPE, which has a nerve-like microarchitecture. It is hypothesized that the nerve-like structure can promote the axonal regeneration. The surface energy and roughness of CUPE were investigated. It showed a relatively low surface energy compared to other conventional biopolymers such that the cell adhesion and also the proliferation were inhibited. Therefore, the CUPE was modified by the immersion into a high glucose DMEM. The change in the hydrophilicity, roughness and cell viability of medium treated CUPE were studied. The hydrophilicity of treated CUPE was increased but the roughness was remaining unchanged whereas the pH of the immersion solution did not cause any effect on the cell activity on the CUPE. In the pilot animal study, five channels along the CUPE-NGC had a similar myelinated fiber density and population compared to the nerve autograft. Also, the channels in the CUPE-NGC were fragmented. In summary, the medium treatment could enhance the hydrophilicity of CUPE and the cell activity on CUPE. Such modifications did not governed by the pH of the medium. The NGC-CUPE with five channels, which imitated a basic nerve structure was shown to have a similar tissue regeneration and the functional recovery as the nerve autograft did. The results proved the hypothesis that the nerve-like structure can promote the functional recovery of peripheral nerve system injury with the use of a new biomaterial, CUPE as the NGC substrate.
published_or_final_version
Orthopaedics and Traumatology
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Mobasseri, Seyedeh. "Design and development of a nerve guide conduit with novel structural properties for peripheral nerve repair." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/design-and-development-of-a-nerve-guide-conduit-with-novel-structural-properties-for-peripheral-nerve-repair(b7e551b7-80c1-4f65-aaef-955a58623be8).html.

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The present study has developed poly ε-caprolactone (PCL)/ poly lactic acid (PLA) films with specific internal structure suitable to prepare nerve guide conduit for peripheral nerve repair. The film preparation method has been carried out using an environmental chamber to prepare the solvent cast films with the specific surface structure. Different cellular behaviour of neuronal cell cultures was seen on the pitted films with different pits configurations (size and distribution). The consistent surface morphology provided a reliable surface structure for further in vitro and in vivo studies. The effect of a medical grade sterilisation process using gamma radiation at eight doses (0-45kGy) on PCL/PLA films was explored. It has been shown that material properties, including mechanical strength, were significantly affected, while cellular behaviour and responses (NG108-15) were improved. Grooved films with three groove shapes (Sloped, Square, and V shape) were prepared using patterned silicon substrates, photolithography and wet/dry etching. The groove patterns were successfully transferred and good mechanical strength was observed for grooved PCL/ PLA. Oriented growth of NG108-15 cells was observed on the patterned films with an improved alignment and organisation on SL and V shape grooved films. UV-ozone treatment was used to increase hydrophilicity of PCL/PLA films to improve Schwann cells behaviour. No negative effect was observed on cell growth and proliferation on the treated films however the mechanical properties were reduced. Schwann cells expressed typical long spindle-shape morphology with cell-to-cell interaction in longitudinal direction on the treated grooved films. Consistent to in vitro experiment with NG108-15, Schwann cells alignment was also improved on SL and V shape grooves. A three-week in vivo study was carried out to test grooved and non-grooved conduits in a rat sciatic nerve model. The grooved conduits showed better regeneration, with SL-grooved film showing a significant improvement of nerve regeneration. A separate in vivo study evaluated the effect of wall-thickness on nerve regeneration. However, it was shown that the wall thickness had no positive effect, and the conduit with improved mechanical strength adversely affected the nerve regeneration. In conclusion, a nerve guide conduit was developed with the optimised surface structure to support nerve regeneration. The promising in vitro and in vivo studies together with the suitable biomechanical properties and specific surface structure and morphology indicate that the grooved PCL/PLA conduit is a viable treatment for peripheral nerve repair.
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Martin, Christopher. "Development of a bioelectric nerve conduit using solenoid technology, and nano fabrication." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5278/.

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Peripheral nerve repair outcomes have lagged behind comparable surgical techniques for many decades. A number of advanced approaches have been adopted over the last ten years. In particular the application of electrical stimulation during a repair is of great interest. It is clear that electrical stimulation of regenerating nerve tissue has a great many effects and can improve functional outcomes for patients. This work has focused on developing systems capable of applying accurate electric fields on the microscale within a biodegradable conduit, powered wirelessly. Experiments were conducted in vitro with a view to making progress towards an in vivo implementation. Electrical stimulation was applied to regenerating sensory neurons in vitro, from a rat dorsal root ganglion. Mechanical guidance cues aligned neurons towards different microelectrode configurations in order to record the effect of applied electrical stimulation. This was performed using custom stimulation modules. SU-8 microgrooves and Ti/Au electrodes acted as mechanical and electrical cues respectively. This method was employed to great effect, identifying the effect of a number of electrical stimulation parameters. This led to a stimulation protocol featuring a 1:4 duty cycle, 20 mV amplitude, 100 Hz sinusoidal signal. This produced a number of interesting effects, including neuronal turning and a barrier formation. These results, demonstrated at the cellular level using a custom device and an autonomous stimulation system illustrates progress towards an optimised electrical stimulation waveform for neuronal growth control. A novel transfer printing process was developed to produce patterned gold films on the biodegradable polymer, polycaprolactone. Patterned Au, 400 nm thick, was transferred to a sheet of the polymer, producing a 15 turn, spiral inductor. The inductor was then electroplated to a thickness of 30 μm and wire-bonded. Power and data were transferred wirelessly to the receiver circuit. Receiver circuits, connected to stimulation test modules in planar form, delivered electrical stimulation waveforms to regenerating sensory neurons on polycaprolactone. This stimulation resulted in confinement of the cells between two pairs of electrodes, demonstrating the efficacy of the novel receiver circuits. This was achieved with four electrodes in a twin-barrier configuration. These results illustrate progress towards implantation in vivo, using remotely powered electronics to guide regenerating neurons to their targets with microelectrodes. Sensing cell growth through changes in electrical impedance is a well-documented technique. A receiver inductor has been connected to caco-2 cells in culture. Power was transmitted to the receiver inductor through an inductive link. Changes in the cell-monolayer have been detected at the transmitter output circuit, showing that the impedance changes are of sufficient magnitude to be reflected to the transmitter. Trypsin or EDTA were added to confluent layers of caco-2 cells, detaching them from the surface of the microchannel electrode array. This detachment was seen at the transmitter in the form of transient voltage changes. Data was acquired in using Labview programming and PXI hardware systems. This work illustrates progress towards biodegradable, passive cell sensing inspired by radio frequency identification technology, and electric cell impedance sensing.
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Hazari, Anita. "Synthetic conduits and growth factors for improved peripheral nerve regeneration." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391620.

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McGrath, Aleksandra. "Development of biosynthetic conduits for peripheral nerve repair." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Anatomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-60915.

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Peripheral nerve injuries are often associated with significant loss of nervous tissue leading to poor restoration of function following repair of injured nerves. Although the injury gap could be bridged by autologous nerve graft, the limited access to donor material and additional morbidity such as loss of sensation and scarring have prompted a search for biosynthetic nerve transplants. The present thesis investigates the effects of a synthetic matrix BD™ PuraMatrix™ peptide (BD)hydrogel, alginate/fibronectin gel and fibrin glue combined with cultured rat Schwann cells or human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on neuronal regeneration and muscle recovery after peripheral nerve injury in adult rats. In a sciatic nerve injury model, after 3 weeks postoperatively, the regenerating axons grew significantly longer distances within the conduits filled with BD hydrogel if compared with the alginate/fibronectin gel. The addition of rat Schwann cells to the BD hydrogel drastically increased regeneration distance with axons crossing the injury gap and entering into the distal nerve stump. However, at 16 weeks the number of regenerating spinal motoneurons was decreased to 49% and 31% in the BD hydrogel and alginate/fibronectin groups respectively. The recovery of the gastrocnemius muscle was also inferior in both experimental groups if compared with the nerve graft. The addition of the cultured Schwann cells did not further improve the regeneration of motoneurons and muscle recovery. The growth-promoting effects of the tubular conduits prepared from fibrin glue were also studied following repair of short and long peripheral nerve gaps. Retrograde neuronal labeling demonstrated that fibrin glue conduit promoted regeneration of 60% of injured sensory neurons and 52% of motoneurons when compared with the autologous nerve graft. The total number of myelinated axons in the distal nerve stump in the fibrin conduit group reached 86% of the nerve graft control and the weight of gastrocnemius and soleus muscles recovered to 82% and 89%, respectively. When a fibrin conduit was used to bridge a 20 mm sciatic nerve gap, the weight of gastrocnemius muscle reached only 43% of the nerve graft control. The morphology of the muscle showed a more atrophic appearance and the mean area and diameter of fast type fibres were significantly worse than those of the corresponding 10 mm gap group. In contrast, both gap sizes treated with nerve graft showed similar fiber size. The combination of fibrin conduit with human MSC and daily injections of cyclosporine A enhanced the distance of regeneration by four fold and the area occupied by regenerating axons by three fold at 3 weeks after nerve injury and repair. In addition, the treatment also significantly reduced the ED1 macrophage reaction. At 12 weeks after nerve injury the treatment with cyclosporine A alone or cyclosporine A combined with hMSC induced recovery of the muscle weight and the size of fast type fibres to the control levels of the nerve graft group. In summary, these results show that a BD hydrogel supplemented with rat Schwann cells can support the initial phase of neuronal regeneration across the conduit. The data also demonstrate an advantage of tubular fibrin conduits combined with human MSC to promote axonal regeneration and muscle recovery after peripheral nerve injury.
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Goodman, Bryce. "Commercialization of Epineural Conduits for Enhancement of Nerve Regeneration in Segmental Nerve Defects." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1340649008.

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Pettersson, Jonas. "Biosynthetic conduits and cell transplantation for neural repair." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för integrativ medicinsk biologi (IMB), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-42440.

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Spinal cord injury results in complete failure of the central neurons to regenerate and is associated with cyst formation and enlargement of the trauma zone. In contrast to the spinal cord, axons in the injured peripheral nerve have the capacity to undergo some spontaneous regeneration. However, significant post-traumatic loss of nervous tissue causing long nerve gap is one of the main reasons for the poor restoration of function following microsurgical repair of injured nerves. The present thesis investigates the effects of biodegradable conduits prepared from fibrin glue and poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) in combination with cultured Schwann cells, mesenchymal stem cells and extracellular matrix molecules on regeneration after spinal cord and peripheral nerve injury in adult rats. At 4-8 weeks after transplantation into the injured spinal cord, the PHB conduit was well integrated into the cavity but regenerating axons were found mainly outside the PHB. When suspension of BrdU-labeled Schwann cells was added to the PHB, regenerating axons filled the conduit and became associated with the implanted cells. Modification of the PHB surface with extracellular matrix molecules significantly increased Schwann cell attachment and proliferation but did not alter axonal regeneration. To improve the labeling technique of the transplanted cells, the efficacy of fluorescent cell tracers Fast Blue, PKH26, Vibrant DiO and Cell Tracker™ Green CMFDA was evaluated. All tested dyes produced very efficient initial labeling of olfactory ensheathing glial cells in culture. The number of Fast Blue-labeled cells remained largely unchanged during the first 4 weeks whereas the number of cells labeled with other tracers was significantly reduced after 2 weeks. After transplantation into the spinal cord, Fast Blue-labeled glial cells survived for 8 weeks but demonstrated very limited migration from the injection sites. Additional immunostaining with glial and neuronal markers demonstrated transfer of the dye from the transplanted cells to the host tissue. In a sciatic nerve injury model, the extent of axonal regeneration through a 10mm gap bridged with tubular PHB conduit was compared with a fibrin glue conduit. At 2 weeks after injury, the fibrin conduit supported similar axonal regeneration and migration of the host Schwann cells compared with the PHB conduit augmented with a diluted fibrin matrix and GFP-labeled Schwann cells or mesenchymal stem cells. The long-term regenerative response was evaluated using retrograde neuronal labeling. The fibrin glue conduit promoted regeneration of 60% of sensory neurons and 52% of motoneurons when compared with the autologous nerve graft. The total number of myelinated axons in the distal nerve stump in the fibrin conduit group reached 86% of the nerve graft control and the weight of gastrocnemius and soleus muscles recovered to 82% and 89%, respectively. When a fibrin conduit was used to bridge a 20mm sciatic nerve gap, the weight of gastrocnemius muscle reached only 43% of the nerve graft control. The morphology of the muscle showed more chaotic appearance and the mean area and diameter of fast type fibers were significantly worse than those of the corresponding 10mm gap group. In contrast, both gap sizes treated with nerve graft showed similar fiber size. In summary, these results show that a PHB conduit promotes attachment, proliferation and survival of adult Schwann cells and supports marked axonal growth after transplantation into the injured spinal cord. The data suggest an advantage of the fibrin conduit for the important initial phase of peripheral nerve regeneration and demonstrate potential of the conduit to promote long-term neuronal regeneration and muscle recovery.
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Kalbermatten, Daniel. "Nerve gap repair by the use of artificial conduits and cultured cells." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Anatomi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-35582.

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Peripheral nerve injuries are often associated with loss of nerve tissue and require autologous nerve grafts to provide a physical substrate for axonal growth. This thesis investigates the use of fibrin as both a tubular conduit to guide nerve regeneration and also as a matrix material to suspend various regenerative cell types within/on poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) nerve conduits. Adipose derived stem cells (ASC) are found in abundant quantities. In this thesis the ability of rat ASC to differentiate into Schwann cells was determined and a preliminary study of the neurotrophic potential of human ASC was also investigated. Rat sciatic nerve axotomy was performed proximally in the thigh to create a 10-mm gap between the nerve stumps and the gap was bridged using the various conduits.  At early time points the nerve grafts were harvested and investigated for axonal and Schwann cell markers.  After 16 weeks the regenerative response from sensory and motor neurons was also evaluated following retrograde labelling with Fast Blue fluorescent tracer. Stem cells were treated with a mixture of glial growth factors and after 2 weeks in vitro the expression of Schwann cell markers was analysed by immunocytochemistry and Western blotting.  ASC were cocultured with the NG108-15 neuronal cell line to determine their ability to promote neurite outgrowth.  Human ASC were isolated from the deep and superficial layers of abdominal fat tissue obtained during abdominoplasty procedures.  RT-PCR was used to investigate the expression of neurotrophic factors. Immunohistochemistry showed a superior nerve regeneration distance in the fibrin conduit compared with PHB. The fibrin conduit promoted regeneration of 60% of sensory neurones and 52% of motor neurones when compared with an autograft group at 16 weeks. The total number of myelinated axons in the distal nerve stump in the fibrin-conduit group reached 86% of the graft and the weight of gastrocnemius and soleus muscles recovered to 82% and 89% of the controls, respectively. In vitro studies showed that rat ASC could be differentiated to a Schwann cell phenotype. These treated cells enhanced both the number of NG108-15 cells expressing neurites and neurite length. In the same coculture model system, human superficial fat layer ASC induced significantly enhanced neurite outgrowth when compared with the deep layer fat cells. RT-PCR analysis showed ASC isolated from both layers expressed neurotrophic factors. These results indicate that a tubular fibrin conduit can be used to promote neuronal regeneration following peripheral nerve injury. There was also a beneficial effect of using a fibrin matrix to seed cells within/on PHB conduits which should ultimately lead to improved functional recovery following nerve injury.  There might also be an advantage to use a simple strip of PHB rather than a conventional tube-like structure implying that single fascicle nerve grafting could be advantageous for nerve repair.  The results of in vitro experiments indicate adipose tissue contains a pool of regenerative stem cells which can be differentiated to a Schwann cell phenotype and given that human ASC express a range of neurotrophic factors they are likely to be of clinical benefit for treatment of peripheral nerve injuries.
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Yurie, Hirofumi. "The efficacy of a scaffold-free Bio 3D conduit developed from human fibroblasts on peripheral nerve regeneration in a rat sciatic nerve model." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/242407.

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An, Xiaoxian. "Magnesium metal implants and their effects on soft tissue repairs." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1592395032696939.

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Books on the topic "Nerve Conduit"

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Hua, Yan, ed. Mian dui: Face : you who lose your nerve, lose all. Taibei Shi: Chun guang chu ban she, 2007.

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d'État, France Conseil. Arrest du Conseil d'estat qui fait défense à tous capitaines maistres de navires & autres officiers, qui seront à l'avenir chargez de la conduite des personnes renvoyées en France de la coste de Chapeau-Rouge & autres lieux de Terre-Neuve, de recevoir dans leurs navires plus d'une personne par tonneau outre leur equipage, du 3 mars 1684. A Paris: Par Sebastien Mabre-Cramoisy, Imprimeur du Roy, 1989.

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Hanna, Amgad S., Lisa M. Block, and A. Neil Salyapongse. Emergent Nerve Injury. Edited by Meghan E. Lark, Nasa Fujihara, and Kevin C. Chung. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190617127.003.0027.

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Injuries to peripheral nerves must be assessed and treated in a thorough and timely manner to achieve optimal outcomes. Physical examination is the cornerstone in diagnosing acute nerve injuries and includes careful inspection as well as precise motor and sensory testing. Nerve conduction studies and electromyography are often more useful in the setting of delayed presentation. Microsurgical repair techniques differ for clean versus ragged lacerations, and resultant nerve gaps will require a conduit or graft to achieve the necessary tension-free closure. The surgeon and patient should be prepared for a lengthy postoperative course and possible complications as the nerve regenerates and function returns.
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Mason, Peggy. Cranial Nerves and Cranial Nerve Nuclei. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190237493.003.0005.

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The functions of cranial nerves, conduits for sensory information to enter and motor information to exit the brain, and the common complaints arising from cranial nerve injuries are described. The modified anatomical arrangement of sensory and motor territories in the brainstem provides a framework for understanding the organization of the cranial nerve nuclei. A thorough grounding in the anatomy of cranial nerves and cranial nerve nuclei allows the student to deduce whether a given set of symptoms arises from a central or peripheral lesion. The near triad, pupillary light reflex, and Bell’s palsy are particularly emphasized. The contributions of the six extraocular muscles to controlling eye position and to potential diplopia are described along with the consequences of oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerve dysfunction. The potential for lesions of facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus, and hypoglossal nerves to yield dysphagia and dysarthria are outlined.
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Aminoff, Michael J. The Organization of the Nervous System. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190614966.003.0008.

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Bell came up with a number of original concepts concerning the organization and operation of the nervous system in health and disease. The focus of Bell’s 1811 book was the brain, not the nerve roots. Bell suggested that parts of the brain differ in function; peripheral nerves are composed of nerve fibers with different functions; nerves conduct only in one direction; sense organs are specialized to receive only one form of sensory stimulus; and perception depends on the part of the brain activated. In later publications, he described a sixth (muscle or proprioceptive) sense and the circle of the nerves subserving it; movement and reciprocal innervation; and the long thoracic nerve (Bell’s nerve).
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Zwarts, Machiel J. Nerve, muscle, and neuromuscular junction. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199688395.003.0001.

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Essential to all living creatures is the ability to convey information. In addition motor responses are required, for example running. This all is possible due to the ability of specialized cells to conduct information along the cell membrane by means of action potentials (AP) made possible by the charged cell membrane, which has selective permeability for different ions. Voltage and ligand sensitive ion channels are responsible for sudden changes in selective permeability of the membrane resulting in local depolarization of the membrane. The neuromuscular junction is a highly specialized region of the distal motor axon that is responsible for the transferring of activation from nerve to muscle. All these systems and subsystems can fail and a thorough understanding is necessary in order to understand the changes a clinical neurophysiologist can encounter while recording from the human nervous system in cases of disorders of brain, nerve and muscle.
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Aminoff, Michael J. Sir Charles Bell. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190614966.001.0001.

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Charles Bell (1774–1842) was a Scottish anatomist–surgeon whose original ideas on the nervous system have been equated with those of William Harvey on the circulation. He suggested that the anterior and posterior nerve roots have different functions, and based on their connectivity he showed that different parts of the brain have different functions. He noted that individual peripheral nerves actually contain nerve fibers with different functions, that nerves conduct only in one direction, that sense organs are specialized to receive only one form of sensory stimulus, and that there is a sixth (muscle) sense. In addition to the facial palsy and its associated features named after him, he provided the first clinical descriptions of several neurological disorders and important insights into referred pain and reciprocal inhibition. Bell helped to change the way art students are taught, described the anatomical basis of facial expressions, initiated the scientific study of the physical expression of emotions, and stimulated the later work of Charles Darwin on facial expressions. His teachings influenced British and European art. Bell was a renowned medical teacher who founded his own medical school, subsequently took over the famous Hunterian school, and eventually helped establish the University of London and the Middlesex Hospital Medical School in London. However, his belief in intelligent design caused him to be left behind by the evolutionist thought that developed in the nineteenth century. He was a brilliant but flawed human being who contributed much to the advance of knowledge.
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Berg, Simon, and Stewart Campbell. Paediatric and neonatal anaesthesia. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198719410.003.0034.

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This chapter discusses the anaesthetic management of the neonate, infant, and child. It begins with a description of neonatal physiology, then discusses fluid management, anaesthetic equipment, and the conduct of anaesthesia in children, including post-operative analgesia. Regional anaesthetic techniques in children are discussed, including caudal, epidural, spinal, and regional nerve blocks. Surgical procedures covered include repair of diaphragmatic hernia, gastroschisis/exomphalos, tracheo-oesophageal fistula, patent ductus arteriosus, pyloric stenosis, intussusception, herniotomy, penile circumcision, orchidopexy, hypospadias, cleft lip and palate, congenital talipes equinovarus, femoral osteotomy, and inhaled foreign body. It concludes with a discussion of paediatric medical problems, stabilization of the critically ill child, and paediatric sedation.
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Book chapters on the topic "Nerve Conduit"

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Lin, Fei, Xinyu Wang, Yiyu Wang, Rong Zhu, Yuanjing Hou, Zhengwei Cai, Yi Li, and Zimba Bhahat. "Peripheral Nerve Repair with Electrospinning Composite Conduit." In Advanced Functional Materials, 447–61. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0110-0_50.

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Nijhuis, T. H. J. "Venous Conduit as a Model for Nerve Regeneration." In Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 485–91. London: Springer London, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6335-0_59.

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Bae, Hong Ki, Chong Pyong Chung, and Dong June Chung. "Preparation and In Vitro Evaluation of Nerve Conduit Using Electro-Spun Biodegradable Polymers." In Advanced Biomaterials VII, 325–28. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-436-7.325.

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Wolford, Larry M., and Daniel B. Rodrigues. "Nerve Grafts and Conduits." In Trigeminal Nerve Injuries, 271–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35539-4_16.

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Kim, Jeong In, Tae In Hwang, Joshua Lee, Chan Hee Park, and Cheol Sang Kim. "Electrospun Nanofibrous Nerve Conduits." In Electrospun Biomaterials and Related Technologies, 207–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70049-6_7.

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Ikeguchi, Ryosuke, Tomoki Aoyama, Hirofumi Yurie, Hisataka Takeuchi, Sadaki Mitsuzawa, Maki Ando, Souichi Ohta, et al. "Peripheral Nerve Regeneration Using Bio 3D Nerve Conduits." In Kenzan Method for Scaffold-Free Biofabrication, 127–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58688-1_10.

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Nicoli Aldini, N., M. Fini, G. Giavaresi, M. Rocca, and R. Giardino. "Fibrin Sealant Conduits in Peripheral Nerve Repair." In Fibrin Sealing in Surgical and Nonsurgical Fields, 89–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79346-2_14.

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Li, Shu-Tung, Simon J. Archibald, Christian Krarup, and Roger D. Madison. "The Development of Collagen Nerve Conduits that Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration." In Biotechnology and Polymers, 281–93. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3844-8_23.

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Weber, R. A. "The Role of Conduits in the Repair of Peripheral Nerve Injuries." In Key Issues in Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, 80–93. Basel: KARGER, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000061494.

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Ao, Q., A. J. Wang, W. L. Cao, C. Zhao, Ya Dong Gong, N. M. Zhao, and X. F. Zhang. "Preparation of Porous Multi-Channeled Chitosan Conduits for Nerve Tissue Engineering." In Advanced Biomaterials VI, 27–30. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-967-9.27.

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Conference papers on the topic "Nerve Conduit"

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Martin, Christopher, Theophile Dejardin, Andrew Hart, Mathis O. Riehle, and David R. S. Cumming. "Towards a biodegradable, electro-active nerve repair conduit." In 2015 6th IEEE International Workshop on Advances in Sensors and Interfaces (IWASI). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwasi.2015.7184981.

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Koch, William, Yan Meng, Munish Shah, Wei Chang, and Xiaojun Yu. "Predicting nerve guidance conduit performance for peripheral nerve regeneration using bootstrap aggregated neural networks." In 2013 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN 2013 - Dallas). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2013.6706955.

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Keng-Min Lin, H. J. Sant, B. K. Gale, and J. P. Agarwal. "New approaches to bridge nerve gaps: Development of a novel drug-delivering nerve conduit." In 2012 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6346039.

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Cui, Tongkui, Yongnian Yan, Renji Zhang, and Xiaohong Wang. "Biomodeling and fabricating of a hybrid PU-collagen nerve regeneration conduit." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Virtual Environments, Human-Computer Interfaces and Measurements Systems (VECIMS). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vecims.2009.5068870.

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Livnat, Noga, Offra Sarig-Nadir, Ruthy Zajdman, Dror Seliktar, and Shy Shoham. "A Hydrogel-Based Nerve Regeneration Conduit with Sub-Micrometer Feature Control." In 2007 3rd International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cne.2007.369622.

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Khataokar, Atul, Nolan Skop, Haesun Kim, Bryan Pfister, and Cheul H. Cho. "Development of Schwann cell-seeded conduit using chitosan-based biopolymers for nerve repair." In 2010 36th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nebc.2010.5458176.

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Arcaute, K., L. Ochoa, B. K. Mann, and R. B. Wicker. "Stereolithography of PEG Hydrogel Multi-Lumen Nerve Regeneration Conduits." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81436.

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Peripheral nerve regeneration conduits available today are single lumen conduits. Multi-lumen conduits offer advantages over currently available conduits in that multiple lumen better mimic the natural structure of the nerve, provide a greater surface area for neurite extension, and allow for more precisely located growth factors or support cells within the scaffold. This work describes and demonstrates the use of the stereolithography (SL) rapid prototyping technique for fabricating multi-lumen nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) out of photopolymerizable poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). NGCs were fabricated from PEG-dimethacrylate (PEG-dma) molecular weight 1000 with 30% (w/v) aqueous solution and 0.5% (w/v) of the photoinitiator Irgacure 2959. The selection of the PEG-dma and photoinitiator concentration was based on previous work [13]. A 3D Systems 250/50 SL machine with a 250 μm laser beam diameter was used for the experiments in a slightly modified process where the NGCs were fabricated on a glass slide within a small flat-bottom cylindrical container placed on top of the SL machine’s original build platform. SL successfully manufactured three-dimensional, multi-layered and multi-material NGCs with varying overall NGC lengths and lumen sizes. Minimum lumen size, spacing, and geometric accuracy were constrained by the laser beam diameter and path, curing characteristics of the polymer solution, and UV transmission properties of the polymer solution and cured PEG-dma. Overall lengths of the NGCs were constrained by the ability of the conduit to self-support its own construction. Multiple material conduits were demonstrated by varying the build solution during the layering process. In summary, SL shows promise for fabrication of bioactive NGCs using PEG hydrogels, and the use of SL in this application offers the additional advantage of easily scaling up for mass production.
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Li, Ching-Wen, Hui-Yu Hsu, Yu-Fen Chung, Jong-Hang Chen, Gou-Jen Wang, and Ing-Ming Chiu. "Sciatic Nerve Regeneration in Mice Using A PLGA Microgroove Patterned Conduit Fills with Microfiber." In The 4th World Congress on Electrical Engineering and Computer Systems and Science. Avestia Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.11159/icbes18.131.

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Masand, Shirley, Jian Chen, Melitta Schachner, and David I. Shreiber. "A Bioactive Peptide Grafted Scaffold for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53627.

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Despite this innate regenerative potential of the peripheral nervous system, functional recovery often remains incomplete, especially as the severity of injury increases. This has been attributed to a number of sources including the ingrowth of fibrous scar tissue, lack of mechanical support for emerging neurites, and the malrouted reinnervation of neurites towards inappropriate targets. While research in the field is broad, it is generally accepted that an optimal nerve guidance conduit to encourage regeneration should include both biological and mechanical support for emerging neurites and glia.
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Li, Ching-Wen, and Gou-Jen Wang. "Double-Layer Nerve Guide Conduit With Palisade Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Tube Wrapped by Microporous Chitosan-Collagen Composite." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67109.

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In this study, a double-layer nerve guide conduit (DLNGC) that comprises an inner poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold with palisade structure and an outer micro-porous chitosan-collagen composite (CSC) membrane was developed. The PLGA scaffold was fabricated using the commonly used soft-lithography process and then rolled into a tube. The micro-porous CSC membrane was fabricated by lyophilization (freeze-drying), with its pore size being controlled by the chitosan:collagen weight ratio. The CSC properties such as water absorption rate, permeation rate, and biocompatibility were then measured. The CSC containing 25% chitosan (CSC-25%) has a high water absorption and permeation rates. Hence, it was adopted as the outer structure of the developed nerve conduit scaffold. After wrapping a palisade PLGA tube with a CSC-25% membrane to complete a DLNGC, mouse brain neural stem cells KT98 were injected into the inner PLGA scaffold through the pores of the outer CSC membrane. Images of biopsy samples illustrate that KT98 cells can be immobilized on the CSC-25% membrane after seven days’ culture. On the 14th day of culture, the thickness of the KT98 cells was found to have increased, and the cells were wrapped around the PLGA scaffold. The tissue section image further indicated that KT98 cells grew along the palisade structure of the PLGA scaffold.
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Reports on the topic "Nerve Conduit"

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Hoke, Ahmet, and Hai-Quan Mao. Use of GDNF-Releasing Nanofiber Nerve Guide Conduits for the Repair of Conus Medullaris/Cauda Equina Injury in the Nonhuman Primate. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada613645.

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Hoke, Ahmet, and Hai-Quan Mao. Use of GDNF-Releasing Nanofiber Nerve Guide Conduits for the Repair of Conus Medullaris/Cauda Equina Injury in the Nonhuman Primate. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada581474.

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Christe, Kari. Use of GDNF-Releasing Nanofiber Nerve Guide Conduits for the Repair of Conus Medullaris/Cauda Equina Injury in the Nonhuman Primate. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada599060.

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Christe, Kari, Leif Havton, and Ahmet Hoke. Use of GDNF-Releasing Nanofiber Nerve Guide Conduits for the Repair of Conus Medullaris/Cauda Equina Injury in the Non-Human Primate. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada581480.

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