Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Nervo facial'
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MELO, Isis Ferreira Rabêlo de. "Nervo facial: seguimento extratemporal; monofascicular ou multifascicular?" Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2007. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/9056.
Full textOs nervos periféricos são estruturas expostas a traumatismo de ordem física, química e mecânica. Estas lesões podem vir a promover danos de diversas magnitudes, dentre as quais, a compressão, o estiramento e a secção, culminando com transtornos motores, estéticos e psicológicos. O presente estudo teve o objetivo de verificar a disposição dos fascículos do nervo facial por meio de estudo anatômico-histológico. Foram realizadas dissecações anatômicas em dez (10) cabeças de cadáveres com a idade entre 53-66 anos. Dissecamos o seguimento extratemporal do nervo facial bilateralmente e em seguida realizou-se o procedimento histológico de rotina para a observação da disposição dos fascículos do nervo facial no seu seguimento extratemporal em lâminas. Como resultados evidenciamos que o número de fascículos do seguimento extratemporal do nervo facial foi multifascicular em todas as amostras analisadas de nosso estudo, apresentando um número de 3 - 8 fascículos. Julgamos poder concluir baseados na metodologia empregada e nos resultados encontrados, que este achado vem somar e reforçar a necessidade de conhecimento em procedimentos cirúrgicos para enxertos de nervo facial (neurorrafias), uma vez que não há relatos em literaturas específicas sobre o tema e as literaturas disponíveis, consideram-no como sendo peculiarmente, monofascicular
Borin, Andrei [UNIFESP]. "Uso do AMP cíclico na regeneração do nervo facial de ratos." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2007. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/23316.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
OBJETIVO: Estudar a possível influência neurotrófica do nucleotídeo cíclico adenosina monofosfato (AMPc) na regeneração do nervo facial de ratos Wistar. MÉTODO: Trinta e dois animais foram submetidos à transecção completa e sutura imediata do nervo facial direito, sendo divididos em expostos e não expostos à , aplicação tópica de AMPc, com análises comportamentais (movimentação de vibrissas e fechamento da rima palpebral) e histométrica (contagem de fibras mielinizadas) em dois períodos - 14 e 28 dias após a lesão. RESULTADO: Encontramos diferenças estatísticas (pna análise comportamental, no 14° dia, e na análise histométrica, nos 14° e 28° dias, sugerindo uma precocidade na regeneração do nervo facial exposto ao AMPc. CONCLUSÃO: Nosso estudo constatou um possível efeito neurotrófico do AMPc na regeneração do nervo facial em ratos.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the possible neurotrophic influence of cyclic AMP on the facial nerve regeneration of Wistar rats. METHOD: Thirty two animals suffered complete transection and immediate suture of the right facial nerve, having been exposed, or not, to topical administration of cyclic AMP. Behavioral and histometric analysis was undertaken in two times – 14 and 28 days. RESULTS: We show statistical differences (p<0,05) in the behavioral analysis on the 14th day and in the histometric analysis on the 14th and 28th days, suggesting an earlier regeneration of the facial nerve when exposed to cAMP. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a possible neurotrophic effect of cAMP on the facial nerve regeneration of rats.
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
Peres, Flavio Francisco de Godoy. ""Avaliação do risco potencial de lesão do nervo facial nas vias de acesso pré-auricular e submandibular no tratamento cirúrgico das fraturas do processo condilar da mandíbula"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23143/tde-18032004-091330/.
Full textSUMMARY The facial nerve is an important surgeon concern while approaching the mandibular condylar process in the fracture surgical treatment. The preauricular and submandibular pathways are the two most frequently used approaches, which have a direct relation to the temporalis and marginalis mandibulae branches of the facial nerve, respectively. The lack of knowledge over possible variations on their anatomical distribution and mastery of the fundamental elements on surgical technique jeopardize the patient to the postoperative sequels. About the preauricular approach, there is a well-established tragus anterior incision. Some authors point out a continuous relaxing incision as a preventive maneuver to avoid lagophtalmus, for instance. The opening of an unique plane formed by the profound face of the temporoparietal fascia in the temporal region, deep face of periostheum over zygomatic arch and parotideomasseteric fascia as well generates a protective flap which includes facial nerve branches that cross up-and-forwardly the zygomatic arch. In regards to the submandibular approach, the angle and lower border of the mandible as well facial vessels are scientific well-known anatomic landmarks to place the initial incision, preventing the facial nerve from lesion. Nevertheless, recent scientific publications point out some frequent multiple branching patterns in the marginalis mandibulae, a facial nerve branch, always underneath platysm muscle in a variable caudad distance from lower border of the mandible. The lack of identification of the nerve may lead to different degrees of lower lid sequel by compression or strechening strengths, electric burns during imprecise adjacent bleeding vessels electric coagulation maneuver, or even a complete nerve transection responsible for a permanent paralysis of the lower lid. Thermal or mechanical injury should be avoided during haemostatic and synthesis maneuvers. The intra-operative pre-incisional mapping of the facial nerve (patient under general anesthesia), a very new method already on experimentation seems to be a promising tool in the nerve localization in the way to guide the surgeon before initial incision.
Sousa, Pedro Henrique Côrtes de. "Análise da utilização da prática mental na recuperação funcional de indivíduos com paralisia facial periférica." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2017. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/31717.
Full textTexto parcialmente liberado pelo autor. Conteúdo restrito: Capítulos 3. Materiais e Métodos, 4. Resultados e 5. Discussão.
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Introdução: A Paralisia Facial Periférica (PFP) uma alteração na função do nervo facial que acarretam comprometimentos funcionais, estéticos e psicológicos nos sujeitos acometidos por esta condição de saúde. A avaliação destes indivíduos é realizada por meio de escalas subjetivas e/ou avaliações objetivas que fornecem subsídio para uma proposta interventiva, tal como a Prática Mental (PM), técnica de treinamento com objetivo de aumentar a performance do indivíduo. Considerando a escassez de métodos de avaliação aplicados ao ambiente clínico e a falta de estudos sobre a influência da PM nesta condição, o presente estudo teve como objetivo inicial avaliar a confiabilidade do software Tracker para mensurar deslocamentos da mímica facial (MF) e como objetivo secundário analisar a influência da PM na reabilitação de indivíduos com PFP. Materiais e Métodos: Foram realizados um estudo transversal e um ensaio clínico não controlado. O estudo transversal foi realizado para avaliar a confiabilidade do software Tracker para mensurar deslocamentos durantes as MFs. Para este estudo foram recrutados indivíduos com e sem PFP os quais foram filmados realizando MF e tiveram os vídeos analisados por avaliadores independentes, para essa análise foi calculado o Índice de Correlação Intraclasse (ICC). Para o ensaio clínico não controlado foi realizado uma análise comparativa entre os momentos pré e pós intervenção nas medidas FGS, pela COPM, pela FDI e pelos deslocamentos faciais obtidos por meio do Tracker em indivíduos com PFP que foram submetidos a oito sessões de fisioterapia associada a PM. Resultados e Discussão: O software apresentou confiabilidade moderada e forte para avaliar deslocamentos das mímicas de fechar olhos e sorrir, não houve correlação para o movimento de fazer o bico, pois o software não foi capaz de mensurar os movimentos que ocorrem no plano ântero-posterior. Os indivíduos com PFP que finalizaram o protocolo de intervenção apresentaram melhora significativa na FGS, FDI, COPM e deslocamento da comissura labial afetada. Já para as escalas funcionais o grupo Controle do Movimento não apresentou diferença nas escalas, o grupo Facilitação e o grupo Relaxamento não apresentaram para a subescala de bem estar social da FDI. Este fato pode estar relacionado ao tamanho da amostra. Conclusão: O Tracker apresentou correlação forte e moderada para as mímicas de fechar os olhos e sorrir, podendo assim ser utilizado em ambiente clínico para mensurar estas mímicas. Já a PM demonstrou ser capaz de influenciar positivamente na recuperação funcional de indivíduos com PFP.
Introduction: Peripheral Facial Paralysis (PFP) is a alterations in facial nerve function that lead to functional, aesthetic and psychological impairment in the subjects affected by this health condition. The evaluation of these individuals is performed through subjective scales and/or objective assessments that provide support for an interventional proposal, such as the Mental Practice (PM), a training technique aimed at increasing the individual's performance. Considering the scarcity of evaluation methods applied to the clinical environment and the lack of studies on the influence of PM in this condition, the present study had as its initial objective to evaluate the reliability of the Tracker software to measure movements of the facial mime (MF) and as a secondary objective to analyze the influence of MP in the rehabilitation of individuals with PFP. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study and an uncontrolled clinical trial were conducted. The cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate the reliability of the Tracker software to measure displacements during MF. For this study, individuals with and without PFP were recruited who were filmed doing MF and had the videos analyzed by independent evaluators. For this analysis the Intraclass Correlation Index (ICC) was calculated. For the uncontrolled clinical trial, a comparative analysis was performed between the pre and post intervention moments in of the FGS, COPM, FDI and the facial displacements obtained through Tracker in individuals with PFP who underwent eight sessions of physical therapy associated with PM. Results and Discussion: The software presented moderate and strong reliability to evaluate the movements of the mimics of close eyes and to smile, there was no correlation for the movement of the beak because the software was not able to measure the movements that occur in the anteroposterior plane . Individuals with PFP who completed the intervention protocol showed significant improvement in the FGS, FDI, COPM and displacement of the affected labial commissure. For the functional scales, the movement control group showed no difference in any scale, the Facilitation group and the Relaxation group did not present to the FDI social welfare subscale. This fact may be related to the size of the sample. Conclusion: The Tracker software presented a strong and moderate correlation for the mimics of closing the eyes and smiling, being able to be used in clinical environment to measure these mimics. PM has been shown to influence positively the functional recovery of individuals with PFP.
Poeta, Josiel Schilling. "O uso de c?lulas-tronco adiposas e da t?cnica da tubuliza??o na regenera??o do nervo facial em ratos wistar ap?s transec??o com perda de subst?ncia." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2018. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/8216.
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Introduction: Lesions affecting the peripheral nerves are quite common and can cause devastating damage to their lives of individuals, leading to important functional changes such as pain, morbidity and disability as well as, affecting their psychological condition. When the VII pair of cranial nerve is affected, patients may develop Peripheral Facial Paralysis (PFP), which include aesthetic, functional and emotional damages, as well as pain and discomfort. Treatment for lesions involving the peripheral nerves still presents limitations, since post-surgical results remain uncertain and unsatisfactory, especially in cases where nerve damage causes loss of substance. The use of autologous nerve grafting remains the "gold standard" of treatment; although it does present some important disadvantages. Trying to overcome all the difficulties and limitations, regenerative medicine together with tissue engineering have united their efforts with the purpose of improving the surgical techniques in the repair of this type of injury. Thus, in this context, many researches are being carried out with the aim of developing bioabsorbable materials associated with neurotrophic factors that can be used by the tubulization technique in substitution of the "gold standard". Objective: To evaluate the regeneration of the facial nerve of wistar rats submitted to a total transection of the nerve with loss of substance through the use of the tubulization technique with a PLGA / PCL polymer and autologous adipose stem cells. Material and Methods: 72 wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (A, B, C) and submitted to a surgical procedure of injury (total transection with loss of substance) in the mandibular branch of the facial nerve, forming a gap of 6 mm. Immediately after the injury, the surgical procedure of nerve repair was performed according to the group to which they belonged. The rats of group A (control) were treated through the autologous nerve graft, with suture in the stumps. Group B rats were treated by the tubulization technique using a PLGA / PCL absorbable polymer sutured between the stents. The rats of group C were also treated by the tubulization technique, with the same polymer, but containing a quantity of autologous adipose stem cells in their interior. After 30, 60 and 90 days, the animals were euthanized for histological analysis. Results: The presence of the PLGA / PCL polymer, used by the tubulization technique, appears to have stimulated the formation of fibrosis in all evaluated groups. In 30 days there was no difference in the regeneration of nerve fibers between the three methods used to treat the facial nerve lesion of the rats used in this experiment. The use of stem cells associated with the PLGA/PCL tube presented better results than the "gold standard" in only 60 days. At 90 days, the "gold standard" and the technique of tubulization, without the use of stem cells, had the same results in nerve regeneration, and still, they were superior in relation to tubulization with the use of stem cells.
Introdu??o: As les?es que acometem os nervos perif?ricos s?o bastante comuns e podem causar danos devastadores na vida das pessoas, provocando altera??es funcionais importantes como, por exemplo, dor, morbidade e incapacidade, al?m de afetar a sua condi??o psicol?gica. Quando o s?timo (VII) par de nervos cranianos ? afetado, os pacientes podem desenvolver quadros de Paralisia Facial Perif?rica (PFP), que incluem preju?zos est?ticos, funcionais e emocionais, al?m de dor e desconforto. O tratamento para as les?es que envolvem os nervos perif?ricos ainda apresenta limita??es, visto que os resultados p?s-cir?rgicos continuam incertos e insatisfat?rios, principalmente nos casos em que a les?o ao nervo provoca perda de subst?ncia. O uso do enxerto aut?logo de nervo continua sendo o ?padr?o ouro? de tratamento, embora apresente algumas desvantagens importantes. Tentando suprir todas as dificuldades e limita??es, a medicina regenerativa, juntamente com a engenharia tecidual, t?m unido seus esfor?os com a finalidade de melhorar as t?cnicas cir?rgicas no reparo desse tipo de les?o. Nesse contexto, muitas pesquisas est?o sendo realizadas com o intuito de desenvolver materiais bioabsorv?veis, associados a fatores neurotr?ficos, que possam ser utilizados pela t?cnica da tubuliza??o em substitui??o ao ?padr?o ouro?. Objetivo: Avaliar a regenera??o do nervo facial de ratos wistar submetidos a uma transec??o total com perda de subst?ncia atrav?s do emprego da t?cnica da tubuliza??o com um pol?mero de PLGA/PCL e c?lulas tronco adiposas aut?logas. Material e M?todos: 72 ratos wistar foram randomicamente divididos em tr?s grupos (A, B, C) e submetidos a um procedimento cir?rgico de les?o (transec??o total com perda de subst?ncia) no ramo mandibular do nervo facial, formando um ?gap? de 6mm. Imediatamente ap?s a les?o, foi realizado o procedimento cir?rgico de reparo do nervo de acordo com o grupo ao qual pertenciam. Os ratos do grupo A (controle) foram tratados atrav?s do enxerto aut?logo de nervo, com sutura nos cotos. Os ratos do grupo B foram tratados pela t?cnica da tubuliza??o utilizando um pol?mero absorv?vel de PLGA/PCL suturado entres os cotos. J? os ratos do grupo C tamb?m foram tratados pela t?cnica da tubuliza??o, com o mesmo pol?mero, por?m contendo uma quantidade de c?lulas-tronco adiposas aut?logas em seu interior. Ao fim de trinta, sessenta e noventa dias, os animais foram eutanasiados para an?lise histol?gica. Resultados: A presen?a do pol?mero de PLGA/PCL, usado pela t?cnica da tubuliza??o, parece ter estimulado a forma??o de fibrose em todos os tempos avaliados. Em trinta dias n?o ocorreu nenhuma diferen?a na regenera??o das fibras nervosas entre os tr?s m?todos utilizados para o tratamento da les?o no nervo facial das cobaias neste experimento. O uso de c?lulas tronco, associadas ao tubo de PLGA/PCL, apresentou melhores resultados em rela??o ao ?padr?o ouro? somente em sessenta dias. Aos noventa dias, o ?padr?o ouro? e a t?cnica da tubuliza??o, sem a utiliza??o das c?lulas-tronco, tiveram os mesmos resultados na regenera??o do nervo e, ainda, se mostraram superiores em rela??o ? tubuliza??o com o uso de c?lulas-tronco.
Marquez, Neto Oswaldo Ribeiro. "Oscilações térmicas do nervo facial in vitro em mastoidectomias descompressivas." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2013. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/15338.
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Introdução: Há diversas situações médicas que exigem a descompressão aguda do nervo facial (NF), inclusive lesões traumáticas ou neoplásicas. No entanto, o NF é altamente vulnerável às oscilações térmicas e/ou mecânicas, as quais podem vir a ocorrer durante procedimentos cirúrgicos que requerem a utilização de brocas. Objetivos: Avaliar possíveis lesões térmicas ocasionadas por brocas de alta e baixa rotação, bem como comparar suas peculiaridades durante a mastoidectomia radical para descompressão do NF. Método: Oito espécimes de osso temporal obtidos de cadáveres foram submetidos à descompressão do NF pela técnica de mastoidectomia radical, usando brocas de alta rotação e baixa rotação, com irrigação contínua ou sob demanda. As oscilações de temperatura transoperatórias foram medidas através de sensores térmicos ligados ao osso temporal. Estes sensores seguiam o trajeto do NF, à distâncias de 10, 5 e 2mm, utilizando-se ponteiras cortantes de 2,4 milímetros ou ponteiras rombas diamantadas de 2,1mm. Resultados: O uso de brocas de alta velocidade com irrigação sob demanda provocou uma oscilação significativa de temperatura no NF quando comparadas às brocas de baixa velocidade sob irrigação contínua (p < 0,05). As temperaturas mais elevadas foram diretamente proporcionais a suas distâncias do NF. No entanto, nenhuma das brocas apresentou níveis de temperaturas altas o suficiente para causar dano ao NF. Conclusões: As oscilações térmicas secundárias ao uso de brocas em mastoidectomias radicais são consideradas um fator de risco potencial ao NF. Porém, as brocas de alta e de baixa velocidade atualmente disponíveis, sob condições adequadas, usando irrigação contínua e à uma distância limitada do NF, mostraram oscilações térmicas transoperatórias seguras. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
Introduction: There are many medical situations that demand facial nerve decompression, including traumatic or neoplastic lesions. However, the facial nerve is highly vulnerable to thermal oscillations, which can be observed during surgical procedures that demand the use of drills. Objectives: To assess potential thermal injuries caused by drills of high and low speed, and compare their peculiarities during radical mastoidectomy for facial nerve decompression. Methods: Eight temporal bone flaps obtained from cadavers were submitted to facial nerve decompression by the radical mastoidectomy technique, using both high- and low-speed drills with continuous irrigation or irrigation on demand. The temperature oscillations during all of the procedures were measured using thermal sensors attached to the temporal bone, following the path of the facial nerve, at distances of 10, 5, and 2mm, using cutting burrs of 2.4mm or diamond ball burrs of 2.1mm. Results: High-speed drilling with irrigation on demand generated a higher temperature rise in the facial nerve when compared to low-speed drilling under continuous irrigation (p < 0.05). The closer the burrs were to the facial nerves, the higher the temperatures measured. Neither the high-powered drill nor the low-powered drill presented levels of temperatures high enough to cause facial nerve damage. Conclusions: Thermal oscillations secondary to the use of drills in radical mastoidectomies should be considered a potential risk factor in surgical procedures for facial nerve decompression. However, the recently developed disposable devices, high- or lowpowered drills were safely used in these procedures under adequate conditions, by using continuous irrigation and a limited distance from the facial nerve.
Nascimento, Sílvia Bona do. "Sutura química por polietilenoglicol na regeneração do nervo facial em ratos após neurotmese." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-14032018-121636/.
Full textBACKROUND: The gold standard treatment for traumatic transection of the FN continues to be end-to-end anastomosis using fibrin glue, which often yields unsatisfying results. OBJECTIVE: To test the outcome of a novel method of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-fusion on FN transection using electrophysiological and histophormometric parameters. METHODS: Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. After FN transection, the control group was submitted to end-to-end anastomosis with microsutures. Group 2 was submitted to microsutures plus the PEG-fusion protocol. This protocol consisted in bathing nerve stumps with a calcium-free Krebs solution containing methylene blue (MB) before suturing. After suturing, the repaired nerve received a PEG solution followed by a calcium-containing Krebs solution. Group 3 received microsutures plus the MB solution and group 4 received microsutures plus the PEG solution. Compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) were recorded before the intervention and 3 and 6 weeks afterwards. Histomorphometric analysis was done at 6 weeks time. RESULTS: The PEG-fusion protocol yielded larger CMAP amplitude, smaller CMAP duration at 3 and 6 weeks and a larger axon count and axon diameter. Between the other groups, no significant difference was seen. CONCLUSION: PEG-fusion produces better FN recovery after transection, when considering electrophysiological and histomorphometric analysis and may be of use in clinical scenarios of FN cut-severance followed by immediate repair
Pereira, Marcos Alexandre da Franca. "Descompressão dos segmentos timpânico e labiríntico do nervo facial via fossa craniana média." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-02052016-090526/.
Full textBackground: Peripheral facial palsy is characterized by the permanent or temporary interruption of the functioning of the facial muscles. The middle cranial fossa (MCF) approach has been used for the decompression of the facial nerve (FN) when hearing needs to be preserved. In this work, we describe an innovative technique for the decompression of the FN through the MCF approach that allows the direct exposure of the labyrinthine and entire tympanic segment of the FN, with the preservation of inner ear function. Methods: Twenty cadavers heads were used in this study. The reference landmarks used were the middle meningeal artery, the greater superficial petrosal nerve, the arcuate eminence, the inferior petrosal sinus and the meatal plane following the petrous apex from its most anterior and medial portion. Results: The tympanic segment of the FN presented, on average, a total length of 11 ± 0.67mm to the right, and 11.5 ± 0.60mm to the left. The longitudinal lengths of bone window in the tegmen tympani were 16.8±1.67mm to the right, and 16.8 ± 1.20mm to the left. The cross-sectional lengths of the bone window in the tegmen tympani were 5.5 ± 1.20mm and 5.0±1.75mm to the right and left sides, respectively. The average value of elliptical area formed by the longitudinal and transversal lengths of the bone window made in the tegmen tympani were 72.5 ± 22.5mm2 to the right, and 65.9 ± 30.3mm2 to the left. Conclusion: The proposed technique can be used for the surgical decompression of the tympanic, labyrinthine and meatal segments of the FN through the MCF, without imposing a risk to hearing, in addition to reducing the surgical time and the risk to patients
Kopruszinski, Caroline Machado. "Influência de vitaminas B na hiperalgesia térmica e mecânica induzida por constrição do nervo infraorbital de ratos." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/27987.
Full textSousa, Marcus André Acioly de. "Critérios eletrofisiológicos de prognóstico da função facial baseados no pontencial evocado motor do nervo facial intraoperatório durante os diversos tempos cirúrgicos da cirurgia do schwannoma vestibular." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5138/tde-31102011-172114/.
Full textFacial motor evoked potential (FMEP) amplitude ratio reduction at the end of the surgery has been identified as a good predictor for postoperative facial nerve outcome. We sought to investigate variations in FMEP amplitude and waveform morphology during vestibular schwannoma (VS) resection and to correlate these measures with postoperative facial function immediately after surgery and at the last follow-up. Besides we analyzed the relationship between quantitative parameters. Intraoperative orbicularis oculi and oris muscles FMEP data from 35 patients undergoing surgery for VS resection were collected, then analyzed by surgical stage: initial, dural opening, tumor dissection (TuDis), tumor resection (TuRes) and final. Immediately after surgery, postoperative facial function correlated significantly with the FMEP amplitude ratio during TuDis, TuRes and final in both the orbicularis oculi (p´s=0.003, 0.055 and 0.028, respectively) and oris muscles (p´s=0.002, 0.104 and 0.014, respectively). At the last follow-up, however, facial function correlated significantly with the FMEP amplitude ratio only during TuDis (p=0.005) and final (p=0.102) for the orbicularis oris muscle. At both time points, postoperative facial paresis correlated significantly with FMEP waveform deterioration in orbicularis oculi during final (immediate, p=0.023; follow-up, p=0.116) and in orbicularis oris during TuDis, TuRes and final (immediate, p´s=0.071, 0.000 and 0.001, respectively; follow-up, p´s=0.015, 0.001 and 0.01, respectively). FMEP amplitude ratio and waveform morphology during VS resection seem to represent independent quantitative parameters that can be used to predict postoperative facial function. Event-to-baseline FMEP monitoring is quite useful to dictate when intraoperative changes in surgical strategy are warranted to reduce chances of facial nerve injury.
Almeida, José Rosa de. "A cirurgia reconstrutiva em patologia oncológica do nariz : paralisia do nervo facial anatomia cirurgia do nariz." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/5554.
Full textRosso, Marcelie Priscila de Oliveira. "Estudo comparativo entre as técnicas de sutura término-lateral e coaptação com selante de fibrina na regeneração do nervo facial, associada ou não ao laser de baixa potência." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25149/tde-04082016-202650/.
Full textThe injuries on the face are more common in today\'s society, involving motor vehicle accidents, falls or iatrogenic consequences after procedures. These injuries can affect the nerves responsible for facial muscles reflecting in physical, emotional and psychosocial changes, for example in the stomatognathic system, in voice, facial expression and aesthetics, feelings and social life of the individual. Current researches are aiming best techniques to the process of peripheral nerve repair and functional rehabilitation of these injuries. Traditional techniques such as end-to-side epineural suture coaptation by fibrin sealants are used for this purpose. The objective of this study was to evaluate the repair of buccal branch of the facial nerve injured by end-toside technique in two different ways: epineural suture and the new heterologous fibrin sealant, associated or not to treatment with low power laser. Thirty-two rats (Rattus norvegicus, Wistar) were used. They were 80 days old and were randomly divided into Control Group (CG, n=8) and Experimental Groups (Experimental Suture Group ESG and Experimental Fibrin Group - EFG; n=12; Experimental Suture Laser Group ESLG and Experimental Fibrin Laser Group - EFLG; n=12). The CG animals did not receive surgery; the ESG was performed on the right side of the face, the section of the buccal branch of the facial nerve, where the proximal stump was sutured to the subcutaneous tissue and the distal stump sutured end-to-side portion of the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve; EFG on the left side of the face, the same procedures were carried ESG, but was used coaptation with fibrin sealant of the distal stump. The groups ESLG and EFLG, and the techniques described, have been treated with the application of Laser Gallium Aluminum Arsenide (GaAlAs), continuous pulse, wave length 830 nm, 6J /cm2 for 24 seconds, three times per week for five weeks, at three points of the local operated from both sides. It also performed a functional analysis of the movement of the vibrissae of all groups in the 5th and 10th post-operativeweeks. The animals were euthanized 10 weeks after surgery and the fibers were morphologically analyzed, using light and electron microscopy, and morphometrically by means measures the area and diameter of the fiber, area and diameter of the axon, thickness and diameter of the myelin sheath. It was possible to observe regeneration in the distal stump of myelinated and unmyelinated fibers. The measured variables, there was a significant difference in the area of the nerve fiber between the EFG and EFLG groups. Functional recovery of the movements of the vibrissae the best results in the groups with fibrin sealant use (EFG and EFLG), and the groups associated with laser therapy were the most nearly CG. Therefore, it follows that the two methods discussed for peripheral nerve repair was effective, allowing for axonal sprouting in the distal stump, and that the laser treatment yielded better results, both morphometric and functional.
Verst, Silvia Mazzali. "Monitoração neurofisiológica intraoperatória em tumores de ângulo pontocerebelar: papel de parâmetros distintos na predição do resultado funcional do nervo facial." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5138/tde-27072011-171947/.
Full textThe preservation of facial nerve function is one of the most important goals of the cerebellopontine angle tumor resection surgeries. Valuable neurophysiologic techniques have been used to predict the facial nerve outcome, such as continuous electromyography to identify neurotonic activity type A, direct facial nerve stimulation in the vicinity of the tumor and transcranial motor evoked potential recording in face muscles. We analyzed 23 patients undergoing retrossigmoidectomy approaches for posterior fossa tumor resection between January 2008 and March 2010. Their facial nerve function was evaluated using the House-Brackmann score. We correlated the occurrence of type A neurotonic activity, facial nerve motor evoked potential amplitude obtained with transcranial electrical stimulation and increase in the electric stimulus threshold to the immediate and last follow-up facial nerve outcome. In this series, the increase in electric stimulus threshold showed no statistical significance (p = 0,287). The drop of the facial nerve motor evoked potential amplitude equal or above 60% was the most sensitive (89%) and with the highest positive predictive value (92%) in identifying poor facial nerve outcome. The occurrence of neurotonic activity type A showed to be the least sensitive (7%) and with the poorest positive predictive value (25%) of them. We conclude that among the used parameters, the drop of the final 7º nerve motor evoked potential amplitude equal or above 60% of basal recording was the best one in predicting poor facial nerve outcome
Perla, Alexandre da Silveira. "Estudo do comportamento nociceptivo, por meio dos reflexos de auto-limpeza e retirada da cauda, em modelo de ativação periférica e sistêmica de vias trigeminais." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/12226.
Full textThe orofacial and cranium regions are densely innervated by the trigeminal nerve and their branches. Pathological states as headache and orofacial pain have their pathogenesis related to the trigeminal functions. There are few experimental models for behavioral evaluation of the nociception mediated by the trigeminal nerve. The present work aimed to study the behavioral parameters related to the modulation of trigeminal system, using an animal model capable of simulating orofacial and cephalic pain in human beings. Afterwards, it was performed the activation of trigeminovascular system using regional (through the orofacial formalin test) and/or systemic models (through intraperitoneal administration of nitroglycerine). In open field, it was evaluated grooming, crossing, and rearing behaviors. In tail-flick test, it was evaluated the nociceptive response to the noxious stimulus. In the present study, grooming was considered the representative behavior of the nociceptive response in the orofacial pain model (induced by formalin). Nitroglycerine was not capable to determine behavioral changes that suggest nociception reaction in the open field. The tail‐flick latency did not detect potential nociceptive effects occurred in the evaluated models. In the association of the two models of regional and systemic trigeminal activation, nitroglycerine reversed the increase of grooming induced by the subcutaneous administration of formalin. The result suggests that nitroglycerine could act modulating and/or activating mechanisms involved in the trigeminal nociception. However, more studies are needed.
Buchaim, Daniela Vieira. "Reparo do nervo facial com sutura epineural térmico-terminal e coaptação com adesivo de fibrina em ratos associado ou não a laserterapia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25149/tde-07012015-091612/.
Full textThe injuries involving peripheral nerves, especially facial traumatisms are very common and serious and longstanding facial paralysis lead to significant deterioration in the quality of the individuals life. The main goal in the study of nerve regeneration is finding a suitable repair technique for peripheral nerve injuries that bring results in the functional recovery of the structures innervated by them. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare two techniques for recovery of injured peripheral nerves: the end-to-end epineural suture and fibrin adhesive derived from snake venom (CEVAP / UNESP, Botucatu-SP), and observeif the use of low-level laser therapy influences this regeneration process. For this purpose, 42 male rats (Rattus norvegicus, Wistar) were used , with 60 days of life, were randomly separated into a control group and four experimental groups, which were formed this way: Control Group (CG , n = 10), in which the intact facial nerve was collected at 95 and 135 days of life; Experimental Suture Group (ESG, n = 16 ) and Experimental Fibrin Adhesive Group (EFG, n = 16), where the right side of the face the buccal branch of the facial nerve was transectioned and the epineural end-to-end suture was performed and the left side of the face, the buccal branch of the facial nerve was transectioned and the fibrin glue was used for coaptation of the edges; Experimental Suture Laser Therapy Group (ESLG, n = 16) and Experimental Fibrin Adhesive Laser Therapy Group (EFLG, n = 16) underwent the same procedures of ESG and EFG , included the application of Laser Gallium- Aluminum-Arsenide (GaAlAs) by an 830 nm wavelength pulse continuous, 6 J/cm2, for 24 seconds, three times a week during five weeks at three points of the operated areas. The animals in the experimental groups were euthanized at 95 days (five weeks post-surgery) and 135 days (ten weeks post-surgery). The collected samples were subjected to morphological analysis by optical microscopy and transmission electronic microscopy, besides the morphometric analysis of the area and diameter of the fiber, area and diameter of the axon, thickness and diameter of the myelin sheath. It was observed axonal sprouting in the distal stump of the facial nerve in all experimental groups, with similar morphology to the fibers of the control group, and predominance of myelinated fibers to amyelinated. It can be concluded that the repair by epineural end-to-end suture showed better results in relation to fibrin adhesive and the low-level laser therapy did not influence the regeneration process
Martins, Diogo Marilio. "Utilização de células mononucleares na regeneração de lesão aguda do VII par craniano: estudo experimental em ratos." Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/4604.
Full textIntroduction: Peripheral facial paralysis has significant impact on patient’s life. Only Bell-s palsy is more common of the traumatic causes, whose prognosis is variable. End-to-end anastomosis is viable in very few cases. Mononuclear cells have shown good results in the peripheral nerves regeneration, although there are no studies of the seventh cranial nerve. Objectives: To study the functional recovery of facial nerve after acute injury with immediate repair using mononuclear cells in an experimental model. Material and Methods: Experimental, controlled, randomized and blind study. Sixteen Wistar rats were divided into two groups. It was performed a four millimeters resection of the facial nerve trunk and then interposed a silicone tube, filled with mononuclear cells in group 1 and vehicle in group 2. The animals were evaluated by functional test: observation of vibrissae movement, eye closure and vibrissae-eyes sum for 64 days. It was also performed macroscopic and histological examining at the end of the study. The groups were compared through the median, measured by the Mann-Whitney U-test. The significance level was 5%. Results: The DELTA (final value - initial value) for the vibrissae-eye sum was -0. 50 for group 1 and -1. 50 for group 2, showing a satisfactory functional recovery in both groups. The eye closure was an early improvement in mononuclear cells group, evidenced by the median between the second and third weeks. The area under the curve, which evidences the overall effect of the treatment, did not result in any statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusions: The two groups, mononuclear cells and control, had recovery of facial movements in functional test after acute injury of the VII cranial nerve in the period of 64 days, and the mononuclear cells group had an early improvement in the eye closure test.
Introdução: A paralisia facial periférica traz impacto significativo na vida dos pacientes. As causas traumáticas ficam atrás somente da Paralisia de Bell e têm prognóstico variável. Anastomoses término-terminais são viáveis em poucos casos. As células mononucleares têm mostrado bons resultados na regeneração de nervos periféricos, porém não existem estudos com o sétimo par craniano. Objetivos: Estudar a recuperação funcional do nervo facial após lesão aguda com reparação imediata utilizando células mononucleares em um modelo experimental. Material e Método: Estudo experimental, controlado, cegado e randomizado. Foram incluídos dezesseis ratos Wistar divididos em dois grupos. Foi realizada ressecção de quatro milímetros do tronco do nervo facial e, então, interposto um tubo de silicone, preenchido com células mononucleares no grupo 1 e com veículo gelificado no grupo 2. Os animais foram avaliados por teste funcional: análise do movimento das vibrissas, do fechamento da rima ocular e somatório vibrissas-olhos durante 64 dias. Também foi realizado exame macroscópico e histológico no final do estudo. A comparação dos grupos foi realizada por meio das medianas, avaliadas pelo teste U de Mann-Whitney. O nível de significância adotado foi 5%. Resultados: O DELTA (valor final – valor inicial) para o somatório vibrissas-olhos foi -0,50 para o grupo 1 e -1,50 para o grupo 2, mostrando uma recuperação funcional satisfatória em ambos os grupos, com uma melhora precoce no fechamento da rima ocular no grupo das células mononucleares evidenciada pelas medianas entre a segunda e terceira semanas. A área sob a curva, que evidencia o efeito global dos tratamentos, não resultou em diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos. Conclusões: Os dois grupos, células mononucleares e controle, obtiveram recuperação da mímica facial no teste funcional após a lesão aguda do VII par craniano no período de 64 dias, sendo que o grupo que utilizou as células mononucleares apresentou recuperação mais precoce no critério fechamento da rima ocular.
Coelho, Suellen Cristina. "O fator de necrose tumoral a participa da hiperalgesia térmica e mecânica orofacial relacionada à inflamação e constrição do nervo infraorbital em ratos." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/28614.
Full textRaso, Jair Leopoldo. "Definição de nova referência para localização do seio sigmoideo e do nervo facial nos acessos suboccipitais e suas extensões." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/ECJS-7YUHCX.
Full textO acesso suboccipital é um dos acessos mais realizados em neurocirurgia para abordagem de lesões no ângulo ponto cerebelar. A definição de referências na superfície dos ossos occipital e temporal em relação às estruturas vasculares e nervosas da fossa posterior, como o seio sigmoideo e o nervo facial, auxilia o cirurgião na realização de craniotomias nessa área, diminuindo riscos cirúrgicos diretamente relacionados ao acesso.Nesse trabalho definiu-se um novo ponto de referência na superfície craniana, o ponto digástrico, e estudaram-se as relações desse ponto com outros descritos na literatura: astério, ponto jugular, forame estilomastoideo, forame jugular e sulco do seio sigmoideo. Foram realizadas medidas craniométricas em 127 crânios secos de humanos adultos, 90 do sexo masculino e 37 do feminino. Foram realizadas medidas entre o ponto digástrico e cada um dos pontos citados, comparando-se as medidas de um lado e outro do crânio e entre os gêneros. As medidas em milímetros foram feitas com paquímetro digital. Para identificar a correspondência do ponto digástrico na superfície interna do crânio foi utilizada transiluminação do crânio com LASER ou LED (light emiting diod) . A média de idade dos crânios estudados foi de 34,93 anos (dp 13,16). As médias da distância entre o ponto digástrico e o ponto jugular foram menores no sexo feminino, de ambos os lados. A média geral da variável ponto digástrico-seio sigmoideo (PD-SS) nas 254 medidas realizadas, independente do lado foi de 3,10 mm, dp 3,11mm O ponto digástrico projetava-se sobre o seio sigmóideo em 49,6% dos casos à direita e em 29,9% dos casos à esquerda. A distância entre o ponto jugular e o forame estilomastoideo (PJ-FE) foi menor no lado direito (M 8,89 mm, Dp 2,61, p 0,041). Na comparação entre os sexos, independente do lado, a distância PD-PJ e PJ-FE foram menores no sexo feminino (p 0,000 e 0,006, respectivamente).Os objetivos desse trabalho foram validar o ponto digástrico como referência para os acessos suboccipitais e comparar as medidas realizadas entre os sexos e os lados dos crânios.
Salomone, Raquel. "Regeneração do ramo mandibular do nervo facial de ratos após a implantação de células multipotentes do estroma mesenquimal indiferenciadas e diferenciadas in vitro que apresentam fenótipo de células de Schwann." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-26112012-112234/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: Facial nerve performs an important function in different physiological activities in the organism, however, functional disturbances of such nerve may also attack a persons mind, causing expressive changes in their self-image, interfering in professional life and aggravating their quality of life. Severe lesions in the facial nerve (neurotmesis) present poor functional results even when early treated. With recent discovering of the stem cells, undifferentiated multipotent stem cell (uMSC) from mesenchymal stroma or differentiated to Schwann cell-like (dMSC) can be a better perspective to treat severe lesion of the facial nerve. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to evaluate the functional and histological improvement of the mandibular branch after neurotmesis and implantation of the uMSC and dMSC. METHODS: The neurotmesis of the right mandibular branch of the facial nerve with a 3mm gap formation and tubulization (silicone tubing) of the wounded nerve area was performed in 48 Wistar rats. Four groups were divided according to the restoration method: empty silicone tubing (group A, control group); silicone tubing with non-cell gel (group B); silicone tubing with non-cell gel and uMSC (group C) and silicone tubing with non-cell gel and dMSC (group D). A fifth group (N) was created from the normal nerve segments to perform histological evaluation. The nerve conduction study evaluated the functional results; quantity and quality evaluation of the distal and proximal segment evaluated the histological results. RESULTS: After six weeks, regarding functional evaluation, groups C and D presented larger amplitude than groups A and B (p<0.001). Group C presented lesser duration than groups A, B and D (p<0.001). There was little difference among the groups in the quality evaluation of the proximal segments; on the other hand, the differences in groups A and B in relation to groups C and D were quite expressive in the distal segments. However, group C, in both segments, was the one that came closer to the normal nerve. Regarding quantity histological evaluation of the proximal segment, there was no difference in the total number and in the axonal density among the groups (p0.169); there was difference only in the axonal diameters in groups A and B when compared to normal nerve (p<0,001). Regarding distal segment, axonal density and number, in group C, were higher than in group A and B (p=0.001) and the same as in group D (p=0,711), but number and axonal density were lesser than in group N (p0,003). There was no difference in the diameter average among the operated groups (p0.007), when only compared to group N (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Both uMSC and dMSC benefited regeneration of the mandibular branch of the facial nerve in Wistar rats, although uMSC presented better functional and histological results
Martins, Diogo Marilio. "Utiliza??o de c?lulas mononucleares na regenera??o de les?o aguda do VII par craniano : estudo experimental em ratos." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2009. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/1536.
Full textIntrodu??o: A paralisia facial perif?rica traz impacto significativo na vida dos pacientes. As causas traum?ticas ficam atr?s somente da Paralisia de Bell e t?m progn?stico vari?vel. Anastomoses t?rmino-terminais s?o vi?veis em poucos casos. As c?lulas mononucleares t?m mostrado bons resultados na regenera??o de nervos perif?ricos, por?m n?o existem estudos com o s?timo par craniano. Objetivos: Estudar a recupera??o funcional do nervo facial ap?s les?o aguda com repara??o imediata utilizando c?lulas mononucleares em um modelo experimental. Material e M?todo: Estudo experimental, controlado, cegado e randomizado. Foram inclu?dos dezesseis ratos Wistar divididos em dois grupos. Foi realizada ressec??o de quatro mil?metros do tronco do nervo facial e, ent?o, interposto um tubo de silicone, preenchido com c?lulas mononucleares no grupo 1 e com ve?culo gelificado no grupo 2. Os animais foram avaliados por teste funcional: an?lise do movimento das vibrissas, do fechamento da rima ocular e somat?rio vibrissas-olhos durante 64 dias. Tamb?m foi realizado exame macrosc?pico e histol?gico no final do estudo. A compara??o dos grupos foi realizada por meio das medianas, avaliadas pelo teste U de Mann-Whitney. O n?vel de signific?ncia adotado foi 5%. Resultados: O DELTA (valor final valor inicial) para o somat?rio vibrissas-olhos foi -0,50 para o grupo 1 e -1,50 para o grupo 2, mostrando uma recupera??o funcional satisfat?ria em ambos os grupos, com uma melhora precoce no fechamento da rima ocular no grupo das c?lulas mononucleares evidenciada pelas medianas entre a segunda e terceira semanas. A ?rea sob a curva, que evidencia o efeito global dos tratamentos, n?o resultou em diferen?a estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos. Conclus?es: Os dois grupos, c?lulas mononucleares e controle, obtiveram recupera??o da m?mica facial no teste funcional ap?s a les?o aguda do VII par craniano no per?odo de 64 dias, sendo que o grupo que utilizou as c?lulas mononucleares apresentou recupera??o mais precoce no crit?rio fechamento da rima ocular.
Pereira, Larissa Vilela. "Regeneração do ramo mandibular do nervo facial de ratos após transplante de células-tronco multipotentes de polpa dentária indiferenciadas: comparação com células-tronco multipotentes do estroma mesenquimal de medula óssea indiferenciadas e diferenciadas em Schwann-like." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-12092018-102412/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: Traumatic lesions of the facial nerve, relatively frequent of the daily routine of the otorhinolaryngologist, even if when repaired with the best microsurgical techniques, have limited functional recovery causing great impact on facial motricity, consequently, on patients\' quality of life. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional and histological recovery (quantitative and qualitative) and immunohistochemistry of the mandibular branch of the facial nerve of rats obtained after autograft combined with transplantation of multipotent undifferentiated dental pulp stem cells (DPSC). We compared the results obtained previously by the same researchers and using the same surgical technique after transplantation of undifferentiated bone marrow stem cells (uBMSC) and differentiated to Schwann cell-like (dBMSC). METHODS: A 5mm gap in the mandibular branch of the facial nerve was perfomed by two sequencial neurotmesis, followed by autograft with reimplantation of the removed fragment itself, tubulization with a polyglycolic acid tube (Group A) and transplantation with DPSC (group B). After six weeks, the animals were sacrificed and analyzes performed. RESULTS: Six weeks after surgery, the animals in the stem cells group had mean values of the amplitude of the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) (DPSC 3.79±1.74mV; dBMSC 2.7±0,53mV; uBMSC 1.81±0.77mV) statistically higher than the control group (0.75±0.46mV, p < 0.001). Medium axon diameters were also significantly higher in the stem cells treated groups (DPSC 3.04±0.49um, dBMSC 3.5±0.16um, uBMSC 3.15± 0.32um) than in the control group (2.13±0.07um), with a value of p < 0.001. The axonal density was statistically higher in the control group (0.021±0.003axons/um2) when compared to the treated groups (DPSC 0.014±0.004 axons/?m2, dBMSC 0.017±0.003 axons/?m2, uBMSC 0.015±0.002 axons/um2, p=0.004). In the immunofluorescence assay, cells positive for human laminA/C and for S100 were observed in the DPSC-treated group, thus evidencing the presence of human cells with Schwann cells phenotype in the distal segment of the nerve analyzed. In the group treated with uBMSC there was beta- galactosidase, but not in S100, confirming the presence of exogenous but undifferentiated cells. In the group treated with dBMSC, the presence of exogenous cells with Schwann cells phenotype was observed by observing the comarcation by beta-galactosidase and S100 markers, thus maintaining the same phenotype as that observed in vitro. CONCLUSION: According to functional and histological criteria, the regeneration of the mandibular branch of the facial nerve of rats was superior when associated with the DPSC transplant compared to the control. The DPSC treated group had better functional results and histological parameters similar to those obtained with uBMSC and dBMSC. In the stem cells-treated groups, exogenous cells were observed after 6 weeks of experiment with evidence of neural tissue integration and evidence of in vivo differentiation for the Schwann cells phenotype only in the DPSC-treated group
Prats, Galino Alberto. "Sistematización morfo-funcional del complejo motor facial del perro. Análisis de las neuronas de origen de los ramos periféricos del nervio facial, identificadas por transporte axónico retrógrado de peroxidasa." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/32077.
Full text“MORPHO-FUNCTIONAL SYSTEMATIZATION OF THE FACIAL MOTOR COMPLEX IN THE DOG. ANALYSIS OF ORIGIN NEURONS OF THE FACIAL NERVE PERIPHERAL BRANCHES, IDENTIFIED BY RETROGRADE /\XONAL TRANSPORT OF HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE”. TEXT: In 41 young dogs the morphology and organization of the facial motor nucleus has been analyzed with the aid of four methods: (1) cyto- and myelo-architectonic techniques; (2) selective application of horseradish peroxidise (HRP) to the six main peripheral branches of the facial nerve (anterior and posterior auricular branches, zygomatic branch, superior and inferior buccolabial branches and cervical branch;: (3) morphometric analysis of neurons labelled by retrograde axonal transport; and (4) computer-aided three-dimensional reconstruction of the facial nucleus surface, from parallel serial sections. Based on cytoarchitectonic criteria we divide the facial motor nucleus into six subnuclei: ventrolateral (VL), dorsolateral (DL), intermediate (I), ventromedial (VM), dorsomedial (DM) and intermediate-medial (IM). In the last subdivision we describe two portions: internal and external. After HRP application to the proximal stump of the six branches investigated, the labelling has been exclusively ipsilateral. The mean cellular area of the labelled motoneurons measures 620 mµ 2. The mean perimeter is 113 mµ, being 39 mµ, 25 mµ and 32 mµ the maximum, minimum and medium (D) diameters, respectively. Neurons of origin of the anterior auricular branch (D = 28 mµ) are distributed in the IM subnucleus and certain regions of the VM and OM. The zygomatic branch is represented in the I subnucleus and lateral portion of the IM. Some zygomatic neurons (D = 42 mµ) are also lying at the dorsal border of the DL subdivision. The superior (D = 30 mµ) and inferior (D = 28 mµ) buccolabial motoneurons are localized in the lateral region. The former display a DL predominance, and the later are principally VL. Few buccolabial fibers are originated from the VM subnucleus. Cervical neurons (D = 29 mµ) are restricted to the YM subnucleus, whereas great proportion of posterior auricular neurons (D = 30 mµ) are grouped within the OM subnucleus and medial portion of the IM subdivision.
Lucena, Eudes Euler de Souza. "Plasticidade de c?lulas tronco mesenquimais de medula ?ssea de ratos na presen?a de meio condicionado do nervo facial e do fator de crescimento fibrobl?stico 2." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17243.
Full textCoordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
A number of evidences show the influence of the growth of injured nerve fibers in Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) as well as potential implant stem cells (SCs) to make it more suitable for nerve regeneration medium. In this perspective, this study aimed to evaluate the plasticity of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow of mice in the presence of culture medium conditioned with facial nerve explants (D-10) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2). In this perspective, the cells were cultivated only with DMEM (group 1), only with D-10(group 2), only with FGF-2(group 3) or with D-10 and FGF-2(group 4). The growth and morphology were assessed over 72 hours. Quantitative phenotypic analysis was taken from the immunocytochemistry for GFAP, OX-42, MAP-2, β-tubulin III, NeuN and NF-200 on the fourth day of cultivation. Cells cultured with conditioned medium alone or combined with FGF-2 showed distinct morphological features similar apparent at certain times with neurons and glial cells and a significant proliferative activity in groups 2 and 4 throughout the days. Cells cultived only with conditioned medium acquired a glial phenotype. Cells cultured with FGF-2 and conditioned medium expressed GFAP, OX-42, MAP-2, β-tubulin III, NeuN and NF-200. On average, area and perimeter fo the group of cells positive for GFAP and the ?rea of the cells immunostained for OX-42 were higher than those of the group 4. This study enabled the plasticity of mesenchymal cells (MCs) in neuronal and glial nineage and opened prospects for the search with cell therapy and transdifferentiation
Uma s?rie de evid?ncias mostra a influ?ncia do meio no crescimento de fibras nervosas lesadas no Sistema Nervoso Perif?rico (SNP), assim como o potencial do implante de C?lulas Tronco (CTs) em tornar esse meio mais prop?cio ? regenera??o nervosa. Nessa perspectiva, esse estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a plasticidade de c?lulas tronco mesenquimais (CTMs) da medula ?ssea de ratos diante da presen?a de meio de cultura condicionado com explantes de nervo facial (D-10) e fator de crescimento fibrobl?stico-2 (FGF-2). Dessa maneira as c?lulas mesenquimais foram cultivadadas com meio DMEM (grupo 1), s? com meio D-10(grupo 2), s? com FGF-2(grupo 3) ou com meio D-10 e FGF-2(grupo 4). O crescimento e a morfologia celular foram avaliados ao longo de 72 horas. Al?m disso, a avalia??o fenot?pica foi feita a partir da imunocitoqu?mica para GFAP, OX-42, MAP-2, β-tubulina III, NeuN e NF-200 no quarto dia de cultivo. As c?lulas cultivadas com meio condicionado sozinho ou combinado com FGF-2 demonstraram caracter?sticas morfol?gicas semelhantes a neur?nios e c?lulas gliais e uma significativa atividade proliferativa nos grupos 2 e 4 ao longo dos dias. As c?lulas cultivadas com meio condicionado desprovido de tratamento com FGF-2 adquiriram fen?tipo glial demostrando imunorreatividade para GFAP e OX-42. As c?lulas cultivadas com meio condicionado com adi??o de FGF-2 expressaram GFAP, OX-42, MAP-2, β-tubulina III, NeuN e NF-200. Em m?dia, a ?rea e per?metro das c?lulas do grupo 2 positivas para GFAP e a ?rea das c?lulas imunomarcadas para OX-42 foram maiores do que as do grupo 4. O estudo possibilitou a plasticidade de c?lulas mesenquimais (CMs) numa linhagem neuronal e glial e abriu perspectivas para busca de novas t?cnicas com terapia e transdiferencia??o celular
Braga, Gabriela Pereira Bom. "Avaliação do recesso do nervo facial e cóclea no osso temporal de cadáveres de recém nascidos natimortos com vistas ao implante coclear percutâneo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-05042017-153802/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: Literature shows changes in the temporal bone anatomy in children when compared with adults. More and more literature emphasizes the importance of children with congenital deafness should be implanted increasingly early. Anatomical radiologic studies are important for the development of surgical techniques that allow implanting new born. Percutaneous cochlear implant technique (through robotics) was developed in Vanderbilt University. So we created our main question \" Is it possible to implant new born children using the percutaneous technique? \" and we\'ll try to answer it in the course of this work. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Experimental study done in 9 stillbirth specimens with 32 and 40 weeks of age, submitted to CT study followed by reconstruction of the facial nerve, ossicular chain, tympanic membrane, labyrinth and cochlea. The CT evaluation and reconstruction was done with Improvise software, also used for measurements of the distances and in the simulation of the drill\'s trajectory (mm). RESULTS: The drill trajectory measurements to the facial nerve, ranged from 0.58 the nearest and the farthest 1.71, when we analyzed the results for ossicular chain, we have a range that goes from 0.38 to 1.49. The tympanic membrane is between 0.85 and 1.96 away from the simulated drill path. Cortical trajectory of the temporal bone to the scala tympani, ranged from 5.92 to 12.65. CONCLUSION: The measures of the relationship between the drill and the anatomical structures of the middle ear and the simulated trajectory, showed that it is possible to use safely the percutaneous cochlear implant technique in children of 32 weeks/old
Nepomuceno, André Coelho. "Estudo experimental de técnicas de dupla inervação muscular em ratos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5132/tde-13112017-120612/.
Full textMuscle contraction generated by electrical impulses simultaneously originating from two different neural sources may be an interesting treatment alternative for facial palsy and brachial plexus injury. The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate and compare distinct double reinnervation techniques with single reinnervation technique of gastrocnemius muscle in rats. Fifty adult Wistar rats underwent transection of their right peroneal nerve and were divided into five groups related to tibial nerve procedure: the control group (C), tibial nerve section group (S), tibial nerve end-to-end neurorrhaphy (EE) group, tibial nerve primary repair associated with end-to-side peroneal-to-tibial nerve transfer (ES) group, and tibial nerve repair by convergent end-to-end neurorrhaphy between the proximal stumps of the tibial and peroneal nerves to the distal stump of the tibial nerve (CEE) group. The outcomes were assessed 12 weeks after the experiment by use of a walking track, electromyography, gastrocnemius muscle mass index, and histomorphometric analysis of the distal tibial nerve. The double reinnervation groups (ES and CEE) showed greater functional recovery (p < 0.05) than the single reinnervation group (EE). The CEE group showed greater amplitude (p=0.006) and higher latency (p=0.041) than the EE group. There was no difference in the muscle mass index among the reinnervation groups (p > 0.705). Histologic analysis revealed greater axonal density in the CEE group than EE group (p=0.001) and ES group (p=0.002). The double reinnervation techniques showed earlier and greater functional recovery of the gastrocnemius muscle than did the single reinnervation technique. The CEE group showed a higher number of regenerated axons in the distal tibial nerve stump
Jergović, Davor. "Facial nerve injury and microsurgical repair : experimental and clinical studies /." Linköping : Univ, 2002. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2002/med716s.pdf.
Full textPerry, Emily S. "Effects of strength training on neuromuscular facial rehabilitation." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2010/e_perry_120809.pdf.
Full textTitle from PDF title page (viewed on Feb. 9, 2010). "Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences." Includes bibliographical references (p. 26-30).
Qudairat, E. "Thermographic evaluation of nerve injury following facial fracture." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.479394.
Full textMattsson, Per. "Intracranial facial nerve lesion : experimental study on neural degeneration and its treatment /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-3974-8/.
Full textKelly, Gerard. "The effects of neurotrophic factors in facial nerve repair." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23071.
Full textBrambilla, Elisangela Jeronymo Stipp [UNESP]. "Dupla inervação muscular com neurorrafia término-lateral: estudo em ratos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100383.
Full textFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Várias técnicas são utilizadas para o tratamento da paralisia facial, entre elas o enxerto de nervo transfacial e a transposição muscular. Estas técnicas foram associadas utilizando neurorrafia término-terminal (NTT) para tornar o músculo temporal duplamente inervado, porém, a secção de nervos saudáveis pode levar à atrofia ou enfraquecimento muscular. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram analisar a ocorrência da dupla inervação muscular através da neurorrafia término-lateral (NTL), avaliar a imediata inervação muscular através da NTL, evitando atrofia muscular e avaliar a ocorrência de degeneração Walleriana no segmento distal à NTL no nervo receptor. Foram utilizados 140 ratos Wistar divididos em sete grupos experimentais. O G1 foi o grupo controle de normalidade e o G2 o controle de desnervação. Em 80 ratos foi realizada a dupla inervação muscular (DIM) suturando o segmento proximal do nervo tibial (NT) na lateral intacta do nervo fibular comum (NFC). Estes ratos foram divididos em quatro grupos: G3 no qual os animais foram sacrificados após 120 dias; G4 onde 120 dias após a realização da DIM, o NFC foi seccionado proximal à NTL, estes animais foram sacrificados após 30 dias da secção; no G5 os animais foram sacrificados após 150 dias; no G6 120 dias após a realização da DIM, o NFC e o NT foram seccionados proximalmente à NTL e os animais foram sacrificados após 30 dias das secções; e no G7 o nervo fibular comum foi seccionado e, após 30 dias, o segmento proximal do NT foi suturado à lateral do coto distal do NFC e os animais foram sacrificados 120 dias após a NTL. Após realização dos testes da marcha e eletrofisiológico, os músculos tibiais craniais direitos (MTCD) foram removidos e pesados e os segmentos de nervo de interesse também foram coletados. Foram realizadas análises histomorfométricas das fibras do MTCD e fibras nervosas...
Among several techniques for facial palsy treatment, we have the transfacial nerve graft and the muscular transposition. Nowadays, these methods were associated using end–to–end neurorraphy (EEN). Even though the temporalis muscle became double innervated, the health nerve section possibly leads the muscular atrophy or even its weakness. The aim of this study was to analyze, through end-to-side neurorrhaphy (ESN), the double innervation of the muscle, the immediately muscular innervation and also evaluate the Wallerian degeneration occurrence in the distal segment of receptor nerve. One hundred forty Wistar rats were divided in seven experimental groups, 20 animals per group. The G1 was the sham group; G2 the control dennervation group. In 80 rats the double muscular innervations (DMI) was performed, the proximal segment of tibial nerve (TN) was sutured laterally to the intact peroneal nerve (PN). These 80 rats were divided in four groups: in G3 the animals were killed after 120 days; in G4, post 120 days, the peroneal nerve was cut proximal the ESN and after more 30 days the animals were killed; in the group G5 the rats were killed after 150 days; in G6 post 120 days, the peroneal and also the tibial nerves were cut proximal to the ESN and the animals were killed 30 days after the second surgery. Finally in the G7 the fibular nerve was sectioned and after 30 days, the proximal end of tibial nerve was sutured laterally to the peroneal distal stump. These rats (G7) were killed 120 days post ESN. The animals were submitted to walking track analysis and electrophysiological tests. After that, the right tibial cranial muscle (RTCM) was removed and the aim nerve segments were collected and weighted. The rats were killed with high doses of intraperitoneal sodium pentobarbital. Histomorphometrical analysis of TCM and nervous fiber was performed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Campos, Carrillo Zara Julieta. "Estudio de las características clínicas más frecuentes de la neuralgia del trigémino en pacientes del Instituto Especializado de Ciencias Neurológicas." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2003. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/2823.
Full text-- OBJETIVE: To know the clinics features more frequently in patents of IECN. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Kind of Study was retraspective and descriptive, 47 patents was selected, with diagnosis of trigeminal neuralgia. And then date base was created in the SPSS 11.0. RESULTS: Founded 29 women (61.7%) and 8 men (14.64%). It began after the age of 50 years in 35 cases (74.50%). The right side was more frecuently affected in 26 cases (55.3%). The V2 branch was more frecuently affected with 22 cases (46.8%). -- KEY WORDS: Trigeminal Neuralgia, Facial Neuralgia, Trigemy Nerve.
Tesis
Berlanga, Ponce Renso Paul. "Correlación entre los hallazgos clínicos y la magnitud de daño del nervio facial en pacientes con parálisis de Bell en el Servicio de Electrodiagnóstico del Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, 2000-2008." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2010. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/15250.
Full textTesis
Brambilla, Elisangela Jeronymo Stipp. "Dupla inervação muscular com neurorrafia término-lateral : estudo em ratos /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100383.
Full textBanca: José Carlos Marques de Faria
Banca: Amilton Antunes Barreira
Banca: José Antonio Garbino
Banca: Susana Fabíola Müller
Resumo: Várias técnicas são utilizadas para o tratamento da paralisia facial, entre elas o enxerto de nervo transfacial e a transposição muscular. Estas técnicas foram associadas utilizando neurorrafia término-terminal (NTT) para tornar o músculo temporal duplamente inervado, porém, a secção de nervos saudáveis pode levar à atrofia ou enfraquecimento muscular. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram analisar a ocorrência da dupla inervação muscular através da neurorrafia término-lateral (NTL), avaliar a imediata inervação muscular através da NTL, evitando atrofia muscular e avaliar a ocorrência de degeneração Walleriana no segmento distal à NTL no nervo receptor. Foram utilizados 140 ratos Wistar divididos em sete grupos experimentais. O G1 foi o grupo controle de normalidade e o G2 o controle de desnervação. Em 80 ratos foi realizada a dupla inervação muscular (DIM) suturando o segmento proximal do nervo tibial (NT) na lateral intacta do nervo fibular comum (NFC). Estes ratos foram divididos em quatro grupos: G3 no qual os animais foram sacrificados após 120 dias; G4 onde 120 dias após a realização da DIM, o NFC foi seccionado proximal à NTL, estes animais foram sacrificados após 30 dias da secção; no G5 os animais foram sacrificados após 150 dias; no G6 120 dias após a realização da DIM, o NFC e o NT foram seccionados proximalmente à NTL e os animais foram sacrificados após 30 dias das secções; e no G7 o nervo fibular comum foi seccionado e, após 30 dias, o segmento proximal do NT foi suturado à lateral do coto distal do NFC e os animais foram sacrificados 120 dias após a NTL. Após realização dos testes da marcha e eletrofisiológico, os músculos tibiais craniais direitos (MTCD) foram removidos e pesados e os segmentos de nervo de interesse também foram coletados. Foram realizadas análises histomorfométricas das fibras do MTCD e fibras nervosas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Among several techniques for facial palsy treatment, we have the transfacial nerve graft and the muscular transposition. Nowadays, these methods were associated using end-to-end neurorraphy (EEN). Even though the temporalis muscle became double innervated, the health nerve section possibly leads the muscular atrophy or even its weakness. The aim of this study was to analyze, through end-to-side neurorrhaphy (ESN), the double innervation of the muscle, the immediately muscular innervation and also evaluate the Wallerian degeneration occurrence in the distal segment of receptor nerve. One hundred forty Wistar rats were divided in seven experimental groups, 20 animals per group. The G1 was the sham group; G2 the control dennervation group. In 80 rats the double muscular innervations (DMI) was performed, the proximal segment of tibial nerve (TN) was sutured laterally to the intact peroneal nerve (PN). These 80 rats were divided in four groups: in G3 the animals were killed after 120 days; in G4, post 120 days, the peroneal nerve was cut proximal the ESN and after more 30 days the animals were killed; in the group G5 the rats were killed after 150 days; in G6 post 120 days, the peroneal and also the tibial nerves were cut proximal to the ESN and the animals were killed 30 days after the second surgery. Finally in the G7 the fibular nerve was sectioned and after 30 days, the proximal end of tibial nerve was sutured laterally to the peroneal distal stump. These rats (G7) were killed 120 days post ESN. The animals were submitted to walking track analysis and electrophysiological tests. After that, the right tibial cranial muscle (RTCM) was removed and the aim nerve segments were collected and weighted. The rats were killed with high doses of intraperitoneal sodium pentobarbital. Histomorphometrical analysis of TCM and nervous fiber was performed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Mohammed, Barham. "Pathfinding of motor axons in facial nerve regeneration of the rat : influence of predegeneration of the proximal nerve stump /." Giessen : VVB Laufersweiler, 2008. http://d-nb.info/989496600/04.
Full textPacheco, Vega María Luisa. "Secuelas en parálisis de Bell en el Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación julio 2005 – julio 2006." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2009. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/12722.
Full textDetermina la frecuencia de secuelas que existen en pacientes con Parálisis de Bell de tipo axonotmésico en el Departamento de Unidad Motora y Dolor del Instituto de Rehabilitación de Julio 2005 – Julio 2006. Tipo de estudio no experimental con enfoque cuantitativo. Diseño de investigación, retrospectivo, descriptivo de corte longitudinal, de tipo observacional, de pacientes que fueron vistos en el Instituto de Rehabilitación en el período de un año (Julio 2005 – Julio 2006). Se tomaron en cuenta las historias clínicas que contenían la información requerida en la ficha de recolección de datos creada para ello. Se identificó que el 62.5 % de pacientes con parálisis facial periférica son mayores de 36 años. El sexo femenino constituye el mayor porcentaje de presentación 63.7%. El 38.5% del total de pacientes tienen un tiempo de enfermedad de 10 a 30 días. No hay diferencia de presentación según el lado afectado, derecho 50.4% e izquierdo 49.6%. La evolución de la fuerza muscular hasta el grado normal en el sexto mes es: músculo frontal 56.3%, músculo orbicular de los párpados 56.3%, músculo orbicular de los labios 45.3% y músculo borla del mentón 43.8%. Las sicinesias y hemiespasmos faciales se presenta en mayor porcentaje al sexto mes; 13.3% y 3.7% respectivamente. El 65.9% en el estudio electromiográfico tienen neuropraxia y el 34.1% tienen axonotmesis. Los pacientes con Parálisis de Bell que acudieron al Instituto de Rehabilitación entre Julio 2005 – Julio 2006 presentaron como secuelas más frecuentes las sincinesias y los hemiespasmos faciales, los cuales se presentaron en mayor porcentaje después del primer mes de tratamiento.
Trabajo académico
Valmaseda, Castellón Eduardo. "Alteraciones nerviosas tras la extracción quirúrgica de terceros molares inferiores. Estudio prospectivo." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1188.
Full textDeterminar la incidencia de lesiones del nervio dentario inferior y del nervio lingual tras la extracción quirúrgica de terceros molares inferiores e identificar los factores de riesgo de dichas lesiones. Establecer un modelo de regresión logística para predecir la probabilidad de lesión de los nervios dentario inferior y lingual. Describir la evolución de las alteraciones sensoriales.
2) MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS:
Se recogieron datos para un estudio prospectivo preliminar sobre 449 extracciones de terceros molares inferiores. Seguidamente, se llevó a cabo un estudio prospectivo sobre 1117 extracciones quirúrgicas de terceros molares consecutivas en el Máster de Cirugía Implantología Bucal de la Universidad de Barcelona. Se registraron datos pre-, intra- y postoperatorios.
Se contrastó la asociación de variables con la aparición de lesiones con el test de ji-cuadrado, el test exacto de Fisher Y el test U de Mann-Whitney. Se determinó la odds ratio. Se practicó una regresión logística mediante modelo logit basado en la razón de verosimilitud y se calculó la probabilidad de lesión esperada según el modelo.
3) RESULTADOS:
El 2,0 % de las extracciones quirúrgicas produjo lesiones del nervio lingual, que se recuperaron antes de tres meses, y el 1,3 %, lesiones del nervio dentario inferior. El 25 % de estas últimas fueron permanentes.
Las lesiones del nervio lingual se asociaron significativamente con la angulación lingual del tercer molar inferior, la experiencia y técnica del cirujano, el despegamiento del colgajo lingual, el uso de un separador de Obwegeser en esta maniobra, un tiempo prolongado de intervención, la exposici6n del nervio lingual y la odontosección vertical del tercer molar inferior.
Las lesiones del nervio dentario inferior se asociaron significativamente con la edad avanzada, la relación radiológica del conducto mandibular y el tercer molar inferior, el signo radiológico de desviación del conducto, la distancia de los ápices del tercer molar al conducto, practicar ostectomía, especialmente distal al tercer molar, hacer odontosección horizontal, la aparición de dolor durante la luxación, el Friedrich y el cierre primario de la herida, la duración prolongada de la cirugía, el sangrado postoperatorio profuso, la exposición del nervio dentario inferior durante la intervención y la equimosis subcutánea al 7º día de la intervención.
La regresión logística construyó dos modelos predictivos, uno de lesión del nervio lingual, basado en la experiencia del cirujano, la sensibilidad del nervio dentario inferior, y la separación del colgajo lingual y la odontosección vertical, y otro de lesión del nervio dentario, basado en la edad, la relación radiológica del cordal con dicho nervio, la presencia del signo radiológico de desviación del conducto y la necesidad de ostectomía distal al cordal.
4) CONCLUSIONES:
1. Al cabo de 7 días de la extracción quirúrgica de un tercer molar inferior, el 2,0 % de los pacientes sufrió una alteración de la sensibilidad del nervio lingual, y todas estas alteraciones se resolvieron antes de 4 meses.
2. El 1,3% de los pacientes sufrió una alteración de la sensibilidad del nervio dentrario inferior y el 25% de dichas lesiones dejó algún tipo de déficit sensorial que se consideró permanente. Ninguna lesión que durase más de un año se recuperó completamente.
3. Los factores asociados a la lesión del nervio lingual fueron la angulación linguoangular del tercer molar inferior, la experiencia y la técnica del cirujano, el despegamiento del colgajo lingual, el uso de un separador de Obwegeser para esta última maniobra, la ostectomía distal al tercer molar inferior, la duración de la intervención, la exposici6n del nervio lingual durante la misma y practicar una odontosecci6n vertical del tercer molar inferior.
4. Los factores asociados a la lesión del nervio dentario inferior fueron la edad, la relación radiológica del conducto dentario inferior y el tercer molar inferior, el signo radiológico de "desviación del conducto", la distancia de los ápices del tercer molar inferior al conducto dentario inferior, practicar ostectomía, la ostectomía distal al tercer molar inferior, practicar odontosección horizontal, el dolor durante la luxación de las raíces, hacer un Friedrich de la herida, el cierre primario de la misma, la duración de la cirugía, la profusión del sangrado intraoperatorio, la exposición del nervio dentario inferior durante la intervención y la observación de equimosis subcutánea al 7º día de la intervención.
5. Para disminuir la cifra de lesiones del nervio lingual, sería adecuado reducir en lo posible la retracción del colgajo lingual y la manipulación en la zona del campo quirúrgico adyacente a dicho colgajo lingual.
6. Los pacientes de más edad tienen más riesgo de padecer lesiones del nervio dentario inferior, y de que éstas sean permanentes. Por otra parte, la relación radiológica entre el conducto dentario inferior y el tercer molar inferior es un indicador preoperatorio de riesgo de lesión del nervio dentario inferior.
7. La experiencia del cirujano, la necesidad de elevar el colgajo lingual y la necesidad de practicar odontosección vertical se han empleado para crear un modelo de regresión logística que permite predecir el riesgo de lesión del nervio lingual en función de estas tres variables.
8. La edad, la relación radiológica del cordal inferior con el conducto dentario inferior, la desviación del conducto dentario inferior a la altura del cordal inferior y la necesidad de practicar ostectomía distal se han empleado para crear un modelo de regresión logística que permite predecir el riesgo de lesión del nervio dentario en función de esas cuatro variables.
a) Objetive: To ascertain the incidence of inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injuries after surgical extraction of a lower third molar, to identify factors associated to these injuries and to alveolar nerve injury is associated to age, radiological create predictive model based upon pre- and intra-operative variables.
b) Design: Non-randomized prospective clinical study on a consecutive group of outpatients.
c) Setting: Master of Oral Surgery and Implantology of the University of Barcelona.
d) Patients: Pilot study on 449 extractions of lower third molars followed by a study on 1117 surgical extractions of lower third molars.
e) Interventions: Extraction of a lower third molar. Recording of pre- and intra-operative data. Recording of postoperative complications and nerve injuries after one week, and follow-up. Association of variables determined through chi-square, Fisher's exact and U-Mann-Whitney tests, and predictive model through logistic regression.
f) Measurements and main results: At one week, 2.0 % of lingual nerve injuries and 1.3 of inferior alveolar nerve injuries. First ones totally recovered, but 25 % of inferior alveolar nerve lesions were permanent.
g) Conclusions: Lingual nerve lesions are associated to manipulation of the lingual flap and lack of experience of the surgeon. Inferior relationship of third molars root and the mandibular canal, and the necessity for ostectomy.
Cruz, Ausejo Ruth Liliana. "Características de los grados de afectación del nervio facial y la discapacidad facial en pacientes con parálisis facial periférica de un año de evolución. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas. Marzo-junio 2015." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/4504.
Full text--- OBJECTIVES: To determine the characteristics of the degrees of affection of the facial nerve and the relation with disability in patients with facial paralysis with 1 year of evolution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Observational, correlational, and crosssectional study. A population of patients diagnosed with peripheral facial paralysis was studied during 2014. A first sample of 56 patients was chose through clinical records. Inclusion criteria were: patients with Axonotmesis type injury (Seddon’s classification), older than 18 years, without history of peripheral facial paralysis, not mental capacity disorder or having received treatment for botulinum toxin. 43 of them were evaluated – 21 women and 22 men – using the Facial Nerve Grading System 2.0 (FNGS2.0) and the Facial Disability Index. Characteristics according to sex and age were subsequently described and the relation between both evaluation measures was determined using the Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: A strong correlation between the degrees of affection of facial nerve and Facial Disability Index for the physical subscale was found, (r= -0.85, p< 0,001) for the degrees of affection of the facial nerve and the Facial Disability Index for social subscale (r= -0.74, p<0,001). The participants older than 60 years reflected higher scores in the degrees of affection and a higher facial disability. In addition, there were no differences between degrees of affection in men and women. CONCLUSIONS: The level of nerve affection is associated with facial disability. And this association is higher with the physic disability dimension. Including these tools in physiotherapeutic evaluation would make possible to acknowledge physical and social changes that lead to disability as a result of facial nerve injury. KEY WORDS: Peripheral Facial Paralysis, Facial Disability Index, Facial Nerve Grading System 2.0.
Tesis
Klein, Johann, Sahr Sandi-Gahun, Gabriele Schackert, and Tareq A. Jratli. "Peripheral nerve field stimulation for trigeminal neuralgia, trigeminal neuropathic pain, and persistent idiopathic facial pain." Sage, 2015. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35439.
Full textPinto, Escobedo Walter. "Estudio anatómico de variantes en el uso de bloqueo nervioso anestésico facial." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/15751.
Full textIachinski, Tatiana Santos Assumpção 1981. "Estudo prospectivo da neurotoxicidade orofacial induzida pelo protocolo quimioterápico FOLFOX 4 em pacientes com câncer de cólon e reto." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/289490.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O tratamento do câncer pode provocar efeitos colaterais que limitam a efetividade da terapia e ter grande impacto na qualidade de vida do paciente. A dor orofacial em pacientes oncológicos é comum e pode estar relacionada à quimioterapia. A neurotoxicidade periférica e a dor neuropática são complicações de diversos agentes quimioterápicos, como a Oxaliplatina, que apresenta alta incidência de efeitos colaterais por toxicidade aguda e crônica. O objetivo deste estudo foi pesquisar as manifestações sensitivas e motoras orofaciais causadas pela neurotoxicidade do esquema quimioterápico FOLFOX 4. Na avaliação clínica prospectiva, foram avaliados 23 pacientes com câncer de cólon e reto, submetidos ao esquema quimioterápico FOLFOX 4 - FOL: Ácido Folínico (Leucovorina), F: Fluorouracil (5-FU), OX: Oxaliplatina. Os pacientes foram avaliados em quatro momentos da quimioterapia: no ciclo 1, entre o ciclo 2 e 3, entre o ciclo 6 e 8 e no último ciclo (12). Exame clínico e questionário foram aplicados para pesquisar ocorrência e as características clínicas da neuropatia periférica, incluindo: dor orofacial, parestesia perioral, disgeusia, disfagia, disartria, câimbra nos músculos mastigatórios, perda de sensibilidade tátil, disestesia, e a ocorrência de odontalgia neuropática. O acompanhamento durante os ciclos da quimioterapia buscou avaliar fatores desencadeantes, de piora e melhora, para intervenções dirigidas à dor. A manifestação da neurotoxicidade orofacial ocorreu no sintoma de parestesia em lábio, língua ou perioral, em 13% dos pacientes, e disgeusia, em 57% dos pacientes. Dor neuropática em face, boca ou dentes não foram detectadas na pesquisa. Os sintomas foram transitórios, caracterizando uma toxicidade aguda. Pode-se concluir que o esquema quimioterápico FOLFOX 4 está associado a neurotoxicidades orofaciais transitórias como parestesia e disgeusia, sugerindo neuropatia aguda. Contudo, o protocolo de tratamento em questão não desencadeou dor orofacial
Abstract: The treatment of cancer can produce side effects, which are dose-limiting and provoke a great impact on patient's quality of life. Orofacial pain often affects cancer patients, and it may be related to chemotherapy. The peripheral neurotoxicity and the neuropathic pain are complications of chemotherapeutic agents, such as oxaliplatin, which leads to a high incidence of acute and chronic side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the orofacial sensory and motor manifestations of neurotoxicity induced by FOLFOX 4 chemotherapy in the treatment of colon cancer. Twenty-three patients were enrolled in this clinical prospective study, treated by FOLFOX 4 - FOL: Folic Acid (Leucovorin), F: Fluorouracil (5-FU), OX: Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin). The assessment was conducted in four stages of chemotherapy: cycle 1, between cycle 2 and 3, between cycle 6 and 8, and in the last cycle (12). The symptoms of the peripheral neuropathy manifestation were investigated using a questionnaire and clinical examination, in order to determine the occurrence and the clinical characteristics of the following symptoms: orofacial pain, perioral paresthesia, dysgeusia, dysphagia, dysarthria, cramps, loss of tactile sensitivity, dysesthesia, and the neuropathic dental pain. The monitoring during cycles of chemotherapy aimed to identify trigger points, worsening and improvement factors for interventions oriented toward the pain. The manifestation of neurotoxicity occurred as paresthesia in lips, tongue or perioral region, in 13% of patients, while dysgeusia affected 57% of the patients during the treatment. In this research, neuropathic pain in the face, oral region or teeth was not detected. The manifested symptoms were transient, remaining about three days, suggesting an acute toxicity. This study demonstrated that FOLFOX 4 is related to oral symptoms, such as paresthesia and dysgeusia, which decreased at the end of treatment, charactering acute neuropathy. Conversely, this protocol did not triggered orofacial pain
Doutorado
Estomatologia
Doutora em Estomatopatologia
Raslan, Ashraf [Verfasser], Orlando [Gutachter] Guntinas-Lichius, Maria V. [Gutachter] Grosheva, and Jan [Gutachter] Walter. "High variability of facial muscle innervation by facial nerve branches : a prospective electrostimulation study / Ashraf Raslan ; Gutachter: Orlando Guntinas-Lichius, Maria V. Grosheva, Jan Walter." Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1239177429/34.
Full textJacob, Sanjeev John. "Segmental origins and axon pathfinding of branchial motor and visceral motor neurons of the facial nerve." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393791.
Full textAyres, Sara A. "Electrodiagnostic evaluation of facial nerve function in normal dogs and dogs presented for total ear canal ablation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ35783.pdf.
Full textVillacampa, Pérez Nàdia. "Effects of astrocyte-targeted production of IL-6 and IL-10 after facial nerve axotomy in the adult mouse." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/387426.
Full textIn the CNS, neuroinflammation is a process triggered by a variety of circumstances including infection, toxicity, traumatic injury or autoimmunity and as hallmark always involves the quick activation of glial cells, in particular astrocytes and microglia. As the prime component of the CNS immune system, microglia plays a major role regulating neuroinflammation. Once activated, microglial cells transform, proliferate, migrate and release immunomodulatory molecules like cytokines. In turn, cytokines can strongly influence microglial phenotype. In this sense, IL-6 can be a potent inducer and modulator of microglial activation while IL-10 can downregulate the pro-inflammatory phenotype of microglia. One of the most-well described models of peripheral nerve injury is facial nerve axotomy (FNA), characterized by retrograde neuronal degeneration, glial activation and lymphocyte recruitment. To understand the role of IL-6 and IL-10 in the orchestration of the inflammatory response after FNA, we used two transgenic mice, GFAP-IL6Tg and GFAP-IL10Tg, which produce the cytokines IL-6 and IL-10, respectively, under the GFAP promoter in astrocytes. Our results showed that after FNA, IL-6 elicited a slight effect on attenuating astroglial activation, but induced intensive effects in terms of microglial activation that correlated with a higher neuronal death. Thus, we found that IL-6 increased microglia density and modify the pattern of expression of several molecules related with cellular cross-talk. IL-6 produced a drop in microglial adhesion molecules, which may affect how microglia communicate with the lesioned motorneurons. Importantly, IL-6 led to less microglial cluster formation, calling in question the assumption that these clusters correspond just to places of dying neurons and phagocytic microglia. Also, our findings showed that IL-6 produced an increase in the number of infiltrated T-cell within the lesioned facial nucleus. Although infiltration of T-cells, specifically Th2 lymphocytes, has been reported to play a neuroprotective role in WT, we can speculate that IL-6 induced the recruitment of non-neuroprotective T-cells and therefore modify the outcome of lesioned motor neurons. Despite its detrimental effects in neuronal survival at 21 days, IL-6 did not continue increasing neuronal death 7 weeks after axotomy but seemed to impair effective functional regeneration at this time-point. On the other hand IL-10 promoted an increase in neuronal survival, in front to WT, correlating with changes in microglial and immune responses. Remarkably, IL-10 led to increased microglial clusters formation, showing again no correlation between the number of microglial clusters and the amount of neuronal death. Moreover, IL-10 decreased the expression of molecules associated with microglial phagocytosis during early time-points. These findings, together with the observations in GFAP-IL6Tg animals, lead us to propose that microglial clusters may have another functions rather than phagocytosis of neuronal debris. In this sense, IL-10 increased co-stimulatory molecule expression in clustering microglia, pointing to these clusters as locations of interaction with recruited lymphocytes. We showed that also IL-10 promoted the recruitment of T-cells into the facial nucleus, yet the mechanism by which infiltrated T-cells contribute to enhanced neuronal survival has not been yet elucidated. Despite its beneficial effects on neuronal survival at 21 days, IL-10 was not able to increase neither neuronal survival nor functional regeneration 7 weeks after FNA. In summary, the results obtained in the present thesis show that astrocyte-targeted production of IL-6 and IL-10 modulates the neuroinflammatory response orchestrated after FNA and influence the neuronal survival and nerve regeneration.
Kellermann, Niklas Philipp. "Klassifikation funktioneller EMG-Signale des Nervus facialis zur Leistungssteuerung kraftgetriebener Instrumente." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-102161.
Full textSousa, Marcus André de [Verfasser], and Marcos S. [Akademischer Betreuer] Tatagiba. "Transcranial Electrocortical Stimulation to Monitor Facial Nerve Motor Function During Cerebellopontine Angle Surgery / Marcus André de Sousa ; Betreuer: Marcos S. Tatagiba." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1161464530/34.
Full textAlter, Todd Matthew. "Use of adenoviral vector for studying transport kinetics of green fluorescent protein and inflammation in the facial nerve system of the rat." [Florida] : State University System of Florida, 2000. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/amt2443.
Full textTitle from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 31 p.; also contains graphics. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 29-30).
Merkel, Daniel [Verfasser]. "Manual stimulation, but not acute electrical stimulation prior to reconstructive surgery, improves functional recovery after facial nerve injury in rats / Daniel Merkel." Köln : Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Medizin, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1013607724/34.
Full textPérez, Vélez Javier Eduardo. "Análisis comparativo entre simpaticotomía y clipaje del nervio simpático en la hiperhidrosis y el rubor facial en un programa de cirugía mayor ambulatoria." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/129571.
Full textIntroduction Until now, the surgical treatment for hyperhidrosis/facial blushing has been approached using one of two techniques: sympathectomy (excision of the ganglia along the sympathetic nerve chain) and/or sympathicotomy (transection of the sympathetic nerve chain), this last method being the current gold standard for surgical treatment. Sympathetic chain clipping has also been shown to be a safe and effective alternative. Material and Method: We carried out a retrospective analysis of a prospective, descriptive, and comparative database of patients that underwent video-assisted thoracic surgery for hyperhidrosis/facial blushing in the Hospital Universitario Germans Trias i Pujol, between January 2007 and December 2009. We analysed variables involving patient demographics and the surgical procedure for the overall sample and for sub-groups based on the surgical technique employed (clipping vs sympathetic chain transection). Results: We evaluated 163 procedures in 82 patients, the majority of which were for palmar/plantar hyperhidrosis (31.7%), palmar/axillary/plantar hyperhidrosis (31.7%), palmar/axillary hyperhidrosis (9.8%), axillary hyperhidrosis (7.3%), palmar hyperhidrosis (6.8%), facial blushing (2.4%), and other combinations. Clipping was used in 72 procedures (44.2%) and sympathetic chain transection in 91 (55.8%). There were no differences between groups in terms of age, sex, or surgical risk. One ganglion was interrupted in 59.8% of patients and two in 40.2%. Moderate/severe compensatory sweating occurred in 27.9% of cases (9 transections and 3 clipping). Clips were removed in one patient due to severe compensatory sweating. We analysed the following risk factors for compensatory sweating: age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and level and number of ganglia operated on; in the univariate and multivariate analyses, only age resulted as a risk factor regardless of the surgical technique used. Fewer complications occurred in the clipping group (11.1%). Patient satisfaction was 87% in the transection group and 86.1% in the clipping group. Conclusions: Video-assisted thoracoscopic sympathetic nerve surgery in a major ambulatory surgery unit is a safe procedure. Both methods yielded excellent results with comparable complication rates and patient satisfaction. There were no significant differences in terms of compensatory sweating.