Academic literature on the topic 'Nerw pachowy'

Myrmemorpha Dufour, 1833 and M. brachyptera Dufour, 1833 are considered as synonyms of Elachiptera Macquart, 1835 andE. brevipennis (Meigen, 1830), respectively (Oscinellinae). Pachychoeta Bezzi, 1895, Melanochaeta Bezzi, 1906 and Pachy-chaetina Hendel, 1907 are considered as synonyms of Oscinella Becker, 1909 as the type-species of these genera, Pachychoetaaterrima Bezzi, 1895 (= Oscinis capreolus Haliday, 1838), is transferred to the genus Oscinella Becker, 1909. LasiochaetaCorti, 1909 (type-species Elachiptera pubescens Thalhammer, 1898) is resurrected from synonymy with Melanochaeta Bezzi,1906. Currently an application is with the ICZN (case 3576) to conserve Oscinella Becker, 1909 by reversed precedence of both Melanochaeta Bezzi, 1906 and Pachychaetina Hendel, 1907. Wing reduction in Chloropidae is also discussed.

Many aqueducts built during the Spanish colonial era remain standing in México, albeit not functioning. A few date to the 16th century. Some of these early aqueducts are quite spectacular and highly visible. Others are small and are located in places not easily found. Despite their size, small aqueducts are important for understanding knowledge pertaining to technology transfers from the Old World to the New. One such aqueduct is on the property of the Hacienda de Pacho, near Xalapa in the state of Veracruz. One of its highly unusual characteristics is that its construction involved Gothic arches. No other colonial aqueduct in México has such features. According to documentary courses dating to AD 1591, it was built by the hacienda’s original owner who was from the Portuguese island of Madeira. This paper reports on field activities involved in verifying the Maderian origins of this unique aqueduct.

In this proposed review article analyzes the literary and archive data that devoted to the study of floristic diversity within the territory of Podillya. Research in this region is historicall divided into four stages. From research directions of ecological and coenotic groups of different types of vegetation were allocated ecological, geobotanical, floristic, systematic, phytososological directions. It was determined, that the results of researches of such leading ecological and coenotic groups as forest, meadow, meadow-steppe, steppe, meadow-swamp and water-swamp vegetation were of great scientific importance and reflection of the specifics of species distribution within the region. We have determined, that descriptions of typical flora species appeared in the XIX century within the general characteristics of the region. It was established, that the first knowledge about the floristic diversity of the region was obtained with the activities of educational institutions, academies of sciences and the local lore scientific-research communities, one of their activities was thorough expeditionary research. During this period, were published the results of research of such authors as V. Besser, A. Andrzhievsky, V. Montresor, O. Rogovich, I. Schmalhausen. These works were of a general nature, but on the basis of the acquired knowledge and collected herbarium material, were formed consolidated lists of plant species, which gave a general idea of the specifics of the distribution of species in the region. Further research concerned the study of the genesis of flora, the definition of plant groups, species differentiation, habitats of individual and rare species, which became a prerequisite for floristic and geobotanical zoning. In this area, most famous studies were studies of J. Pachosky, M. Kotov, W. Szafer, Ye. Bradis, A. Barbarych, G. Kukovitsaetс. As a result of long-term expeditions and vegetation research, many well-known nature protection objects have been founded: Medobory Reserve, the national nature parks «Podilski Tovtry», «Karmeliukove Podillia», «Kremenets Mountains», «Dniester Canyon», «Lower Polissia», «Upper Pobuzhia», regional landscape parks «Maliovanka», «Zagrebellia», «Middle Pobuzhia», «Dniester», «Murafa», «Nemyrivske Po­buzhia» etc. At present, ansozological area of research is important and priority way in context of conservation and protection of phytodiversity, the creation of new and expansion of existing protected areas, the formation of the Emerald Network, the implementation of the regional ecological network of the Podillya region.

Since 1989, the Society for Libyan Studies has been carrying out, in conjunction with the Libyan Department of Antiquities, excavation and fieldwork in El Merj (Dore 1990, 1991, 1992) which is held to be the site of two earlier towns named Barqa (also spelled Barca and Barka), one of medieval date and the other Greek, as also of a Roman-period village. In this paper I wish to review critically the evidence for the identification of El Merj as medieval Barqa.The broad outline of the case is as follows: a town called Barqa is mentioned by a considerable number of medieval authors writing in Arabic. To judge from them the town flourished between the ninth and eleventh centuries AD but declined thereafter. The association of the names Barqa and El Merj with a single site seems to stem from one author, Ibn Sa 'id, writing in the thirteenth century, though even he is tentative in his identification (see below). After the fourteenth century there is a period which is devoid of information. By the eighteenth century the town(s) of Barqa/El Merj had disappeared (i.e. ceased to be inhabited) but local memory preserved the name and location of El Merj because Pacho visited its ruins and recorded the name in 1825 (see below). About twenty years after this a new town called El Merj began to grow up around a castle newly built by the Ottoman authorities on the remains of an earlier town. This town was called Barce by the Italians but reverted to being called El Merj after the second world war, and was finally destroyed by an earthquake in 1963.

Abstract To evaluate the repeatability of corneal biomechanical parameters in normal and keratoconus eyes, and explore factors that affects the repeatability, and further assess the diagnostic ability of new parameters. Seventy-seven keratoconus eyes of 47 patients and 77 right eyes of 77 normal subjects were recruited in current study. All participants received three repeated measurements with 2 to 5 minutes interval. The interclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Cronbach’ α and repeatability coefficient (RC) were evaluated. The liner regression analysis was used to identify factors that affect the repeatability, and linear mixed effects model was performed to compare the parameters differences. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic ability of new parameters. Eighteen parameters in normal eyes and twenty-two parameters in keratoconus eyes showed excellent repeatability (ICC ≥ 0.90). Age, axial measurement (AL), spherical equivalent, astigmatism, gender, mean keratometry (Kmean), intraocular pressure (IOP) and central corneal thickness (CCT) could affect the repeatability of new Corvis ST parameters. Compared with normal eyes, the Ambrósio’s Relational Thickness horizontal (ARTh), biomechanical corrected IOP (bIOP), stiffness parameter at first applanation (SP A1) were low and the Max Inverse Radius, deformation amplitude (DA) Ratio Max [2 mm], Pachy Slope, DA Ratio Max [1 mm], Integrated Radius and Corvis Biomechanical Index (CBI) were high in keratoconus eyes (All P < 0.05). Both ARTh and CBI had high Youden index (0.870), and the corresponding cut-off values were 379.29 and 0.44. The repeatability of Corvis ST parameters was acceptable both in normal and keratoconus eyes, and new parameters could effectively diagnose keratoconus eyes from normal eyes.