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Journal articles on the topic 'Network functions virtualization'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 June 2024

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1

MAKSYMYUK, Taras, Volodymyr ANDRUSHCHAK, Stepan DUMYCH, Bohdan SHUBYN, Gabriel BUGÁR, and Juraj GAZDA. "BLOCKCHAIN-BASED NETWORK FUNCTIONS VIRTUALIZATION FOR 5G NETWORK SLICING." Acta Electrotechnica et Informatica 20, no. 4 (January 21, 2021): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15546/aeei-2020-0026.

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The paper proposes a new blockchain-based network architecture for 5G network functions virtualization. By using a combination of AI and blockchain technologies, proposed system provides flexible network deployment, interoperability between different mobile network operators and effective management of radio resources. Experimental testbed of the proposed system has been implemented by using cloud and edge computing infrastructure and software defined radio peripheral NI USRP 2900. Simulation results of the network slicing and radio resource management shows that proposed system is able to double the capacity of the physical network infrastructure, while ensuring the target quality of service for all users.
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Gil Herrera, Juliver de Jesus, and Juan Felipe Botero Vega. "Network Functions Virtualization: A Survey." IEEE Latin America Transactions 14, no. 2 (February 2016): 983–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tla.2016.7437249.

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Chatras, Bruno, and François Frédéric Ozog. "Network functions virtualization: the portability challenge." IEEE Network 30, no. 4 (July 2016): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2016.7513857.

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4

Daghmehchi Firoozjaei, Mahdi, Jaehoon (Paul) Jeong, Hoon Ko, and Hyoungshick Kim. "Security challenges with network functions virtualization." Future Generation Computer Systems 67 (February 2017): 315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2016.07.002.

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DJOMI, MANZILA IZNIARDI, RENDY MUNADI, and RIDHA MULDINA NEGARA. "Analisis Performansi Layanan FTP danVideo Streaming berbasis Network Function Virtualization menggunakan Docker Containers." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 6, no. 2 (July 9, 2018): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v6i2.180.

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ABSTRAKInfrastruktur jaringan seperti router, secara tradisional menggunakan hardware yang bersifat proprietary. Teknologi virtualisasi pada fungsi jaringan atau NFV (Network Function Virtualization) membuat layanan ini dapat diimplementasikan sebagai aplikasi perangkat lunak yang dapat dijalankan di lingkungan virtual atau Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs). Selain menggunakan hypervisor (hardware-level virtualization), teknologi virtualisasi memiliki alternatif pengimplementasian dengan menggunakan teknologi containers (Operating system -level virtualization), salah satunya menggunakan Docker. Penelitian ini mengimplementasikan layanan FTP dan video streaming pada jaringan NFV di Docker Containers. Tanpa backgound traffic, layanan menunjukkan performansi QoS yang memenuhi standarisasi ITU-T G.1010 dengan delay FTP 0,12 ms dan delay video streaming 6,21 ms serta nilai packet loss kedua layanan sebesar 0%. Penggunaan CPU pada Docker ketika layanan dijalankan dibawah 1 %. Kata kunci: Virtualisasi, Containers, Docker, Network Function Virtualization, QoSABSTRACTNetwork infrastructure such as routers, traditionally using proprietary hardware. Virtualization technology on network function or NFV (Network Function Virtualization) makes this service can be implemented as a software application that can run in virtual environment or Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs). In addition to using hypervisor (hardware-level virtualization), virtualization technology has an alternative implementation using containers technology (Operating system-level virtualization), one of them using Docker. This research implements FTP and video streaming services on NFV networks in Docker Containers. Without background traffic, the service demonstrates QoS performance that meets the ITU-T G.1010 standardization with 0.12 ms FTP delay and 6.21 ms video streaming delay and with packet loss value of both services at 0%. CPU usage on Docker when service runs below 1%.Keywords: Virtualization, Containers, Docker, Network Function Virtualization, QoS
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Niedermeier, Michael, and Hermann de Meer. "Constructing Dependable Smart Grid Networks using Network Functions Virtualization." Journal of Network and Systems Management 24, no. 3 (April 22, 2016): 449–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10922-016-9380-1.

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Pencheva, Evelina, Ivaylo Atanasov, and Ventsislav Trifonov. "Towards Intelligent, Programmable, and Open Railway Networks." Applied Sciences 12, no. 8 (April 17, 2022): 4062. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12084062.

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The virtualization and automation of network functions will be key features of future high-speed railway networks, which have to provide dependable, safe, and secure services. The virtualization of railway network functions will enable functions such as train control, train integrity protection, shunting control, and trackside monitoring and maintenance to be virtualized and to be run on general-purpose hardware. Network function virtualization combined with edge computing can deliver dynamic, low-latency, and reliable services. The automation of railway operations can be achieved by embedding intelligence into the network to optimize the railway operation performance and to enhance the passenger experience. This paper presents an innovative railway network architecture that features distributed intelligence, function cloudification and virtualization, openness, and programmability. The focus is on time-tolerant and time-sensitive intelligent services designed to follow the principles of service-oriented architecture. The interaction between identified logical identities is illustrated by use cases. The paper provides some details of the design of the interface between distributed intelligent services and presents the results of an emulation of the interface performance.
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Miyamura, Takashi, Akira Misawa, and Jun-ichi Kani. "Highly efficient optical aggregation network with network functions virtualization." International Journal of Network Management 29, no. 2 (November 11, 2018): e2052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nem.2052.

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Femminella, Mauro, and Gianluca Reali. "Implementing Internet of Things Service Platforms with Network Function Virtualization Serverless Technologies." Future Internet 16, no. 3 (March 8, 2024): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi16030091.

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The need for adaptivity and scalability in telecommunication systems has led to the introduction of a software-based approach to networking, in which network functions are virtualized and implemented in software modules, based on network function virtualization (NFV) technologies. The growing demand for low latency, efficiency, flexibility and security has placed some limitations on the adoption of these technologies, due to some problems of traditional virtualization solutions. However, the introduction of lightweight virtualization approaches is paving the way for new and better infrastructures for implementing network functions. This article discusses these new virtualization solutions and shows a proposal, based on serverless computing, that uses them to implement container-based virtualized network functions for the delivery of advanced Internet of Things (IoT) services. It includes open source software components to implement both the virtualization layer, implemented through Firecracker, and the runtime environment, based on Kata containers. A set of experiments shows that the proposed approach is fast, in order to boost new network functions, and more efficient than some baseline solutions, with minimal resource footprint. Therefore, it is an excellent candidate to implement NFV functions in the edge deployment of serverless services for the IoT.
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Ma, Shicong, Baosheng Wang, Xiaozhe Zhang, and Xianming Gao. "ApplianceBricks: a scalable network appliance architecture for network functions virtualization." China Communications 13, Supplement 1 (2016): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cc.0.7560893.

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Tipantuña, Christian, Andrés Yazán, and Jorge Carvajal-Rodriguez. "Containers-Based Network Services Deployment: A Practical Approach." Enfoque UTE 15, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29019/enfoqueute.1005.

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In recent years, virtualizing network servicesand functions has enabled optimizing hardware resources onresource-constrained devices, such as CPU, memory, and storage.Traditional virtualization is achieved through virtual machinesusing a layer known as a hypervisor. While this form of virtualization offers advantages such as scalability and portability, it has disadvantages in terms of performance compared to non-virtualized deployments. In this context, alternative virtualization technologies like containers allow virtualization on the same physical infrastructure, improving overall performance, portability, and service scalability. This paper implements the deployment of network services on the Raspberry Pi development platform, which has limited resources. This is achieved through a multi-container virtualization solution using the Docker Compose tool, based on Docker containerization technology. Finally, a performance analysis of the implemented virtualization solution is conducted in terms of resource utilization by each service.
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Parmanand, Prabha, and Umar Syed. "Network Functions Virtualization: Challenges and Opportunities for Innovations." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 10, no. 5 (March 30, 2021): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.d8483.0310521.

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Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) was at the latest introduced to reform the suppleness of mechanism handling provisional and extenuate stress the time to bazaar of new handling. By leveraged virtualization processing and mercantile off-the recess schedule hardware, such as obscure motivation handling, store and button, NFV the software execution of mechanism festival and features from the basic hardware. As an supervene processing, NFV fetch diverse defiance to mechanism manipulator, such as the warranty of mechanism execution for factual appliance, their movable appliance and dwelling abroad, and their verseed placing. In this document, we bestow a concise inspection supervision of NFV, decode its Importance analysis and architectonic structure, current handling use location and debate the defiance and pending quarter for use in this investigation domain.
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Mijumbi, Rashid, Joan Serrat, Juan-luis Gorricho, Steven Latre, Marinos Charalambides, and Diego Lopez. "Management and orchestration challenges in network functions virtualization." IEEE Communications Magazine 54, no. 1 (January 2016): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2016.7378433.

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Wang, Chengwei, Oliver Spatscheck, Vijay Gopalakrishnan, Yang Xu, and David Applegate. "Toward High-Performance and Scalable Network Functions Virtualization." IEEE Internet Computing 20, no. 6 (November 2016): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mic.2016.111.

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15

Kochyn, V. P., and A. V. Zherelo. "VIRTUALIZATION OF THE NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE OF BELARUSIAN STATE UNIVERSITY." Vestnik komp'iuternykh i informatsionnykh tekhnologii, no. 194 (August 2020): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/vkit.2020.08.pp.045-051.

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The article discusses current issues of virtualization of the network infrastructure of educational institutions. A new approach to creating a cloud virtualization environment for the network infrastructure of educational institution has been proposed. It is based on the joint use of virtualization technologies and software-defined networks. Virtual network infrastructure is a combination of technologies and architectural solutions. It provides users with mobility during an ongoing educational process, secures access to cloud information resources of the wireless virtual network of an educational institution and centralized Internet access control. A prototype of the virtual network infrastructure of the Belarusian State University has been built. The prototype implements a model that includes virtual network segments (subnets), with which services are provided to end users, and virtual segments that provide presentation of service functions. Virtualization technologies and software-defined networks allow to unify the process of creating network infrastructure, to scale the resources provided on demand with minimal organizational and technical costs, and to adapt the virtual infrastructure to the requirements of a particular educational institution. The proposed model using virtual network segments has been implemented in the data processing center of the Belarusian State University. To create a cloud environment, the solution based on OpenStack was chosen. The basis of the virtualization environment is cloud services, which provide the implementation of the functionality of a virtual network infrastructure.
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Kochyn, V. P., and A. V. Zherelo. "VIRTUALIZATION OF THE NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE OF BELARUSIAN STATE UNIVERSITY." Vestnik komp'iuternykh i informatsionnykh tekhnologii, no. 194 (August 2020): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/vkit.2020.08.pp.045-051.

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The article discusses current issues of virtualization of the network infrastructure of educational institutions. A new approach to creating a cloud virtualization environment for the network infrastructure of educational institution has been proposed. It is based on the joint use of virtualization technologies and software-defined networks. Virtual network infrastructure is a combination of technologies and architectural solutions. It provides users with mobility during an ongoing educational process, secures access to cloud information resources of the wireless virtual network of an educational institution and centralized Internet access control. A prototype of the virtual network infrastructure of the Belarusian State University has been built. The prototype implements a model that includes virtual network segments (subnets), with which services are provided to end users, and virtual segments that provide presentation of service functions. Virtualization technologies and software-defined networks allow to unify the process of creating network infrastructure, to scale the resources provided on demand with minimal organizational and technical costs, and to adapt the virtual infrastructure to the requirements of a particular educational institution. The proposed model using virtual network segments has been implemented in the data processing center of the Belarusian State University. To create a cloud environment, the solution based on OpenStack was chosen. The basis of the virtualization environment is cloud services, which provide the implementation of the functionality of a virtual network infrastructure.
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Kovalenko, V., A. A. Alzaghir, and A. Muthanna. "Building a UAV network with support for SDN / NFV technologies." Telecom IT 8, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31854/2307-1303-2020-8-3-71-85.

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Research Subject - integration of software-defined networks (SDN) and network functions virtualization (NFV) technologies in the unmanned aerial vehicle networks. Method – analysis of standards and recommendations in the field of SDN, NFV technologies and construction of UAV networks. Core results – presents the main advantages of introducing SDN and NFV technologies into the UAV networks, two ways of organizing the UAV network architecture with SDN technology support: when the Base Station performs the functions of an SDN controller, and when air baluns are used as SDN controllers. This paper also compared the technologies of software-defined networking and virtualization of network functions. Practical relevance – this paper provides a detailed description of the structure and application possibilities of UAV networks, functional diagrams of SDN and NFV. The network architectures presented in this paper using SDN controllers in the flying (air balloon) and ground (Base stations) segment are examples of the implementation of SDN technology in a UAV network.of SDN and NFV technologies, and also considers the application of these technologies in UAV networks.
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Hassan, Heba, Amr Al-Awamry, and Mohammed Abdelhalim. "Dragonfly addressing model for software defined networks based on datacenters." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2 (April 30, 2018): 657. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.9769.

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With the advancement of technology, virtualization has become very important for Information Technology (IT) experts. Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) means to address issues resulting from complex hardware-based appliances by developing standard IT virtualization technologies. Software Defined Networking (SDN) solidifies the advantages of datacenter virtualization, increases resource flexibility and utilization, and reduces infrastructure costs and overhead. Datacenter networks should have the ability to guarantee high throughput and resiliency. For such reasons, typical datacenter networks (e.g. Fat Tree) have been evolved to high-radix networks (e.g. Dragonfly). This work aims to investigate how SDN and NFV can improve the advantages of datacenter virtualization by utilizing datacenter topologies such as Dragonfly (DF) topology and Fat Tree (FT) topology in SDN, thus expanding resource flexibility and utilization and diminishing infrastructure costs and overhead. By using Dragonfly topology, the cost is reduced and better scalability is introduced compared to the folded clos networks such as Fat Tree. Here in, a novel addressing scheme is proposed for Dragonfly topology with simulation results included utilizing Mininet, which incorporates MiniEdit that is used to create and run network simulations.
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Jawdhari, Hayder A., and Alharith A. Abdullah. "The Application of Network Functions Virtualization on Different Networks, and its New Applications in Blockchain: A Survey." Webology 18, Special Issue 04 (September 30, 2021): 1007–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v18si04/web18179.

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Operators of networks are striving to provide functional network-based services, while keeping the cost of deploying the service to a minimum. Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is considered to be a promising model to modify such employment by separating network functions from the basic hardware properties, after which they are converted into the style of software. These are eventually referred to as Virtual Network Functions (VNFs). This separation offers numerous benefits, including the decrease of Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) and Operation Expense (OPEX), in addition to the enhanced elasticity of service preparation. Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) is found to cause a remarkable development or even a technological revolution in terms of network-based services, leading to a decrease in deployment costs for network operators. NFV reduces hardware tool costs and energy exhaustion, and it improves its operational performance whereby the network configuration is part of this optimization. Even so, there are a number of possible security problems which are the main focus in NFV. The present study surveys the applications and opportunities of NFV in terms of IoT, SDN, cloud computing and blockchain. A description of the NFV architecture is presented, and several possibilities of NFV security issues and challenges are discussed. Finally, a systematic idea is provided on the design of a Blockchain Network Virtualization System.
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Rathore, Muhammad Siraj, Naveed Ahmad, Rashi Kohli, Jawaid Iqbal, Roobaea Alroobaea, Saddam Hussain, Syed Sajid Ullah, and Fazlullah Umar. "In the Direction of Service Guarantees for Virtualized Network Functions." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (May 2, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5507845.

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The trend of consolidating network functions from specialized hardware to software running on virtualization servers brings significant advantages for reducing costs and simplifying service deployment. However, virtualization techniques have significant limitations when it comes to networking as there is no support for guaranteeing that network functions meet their service requirements. In this paper, we present a design for providing service guarantees to virtualized network functions based on rate control. The design is a combination of rate regulation through token bucket filters and the regular scheduling mechanisms in operating systems. It has the attractive property that traffic profiles are maintained throughout a series of network functions, which makes it well suited for service function chaining. We discuss implementation alternatives for the design and demonstrate how it can be implemented on two virtualization platforms: LXC containers and the KVM hypervisor. To evaluate the design, we conduct experiments where we measure throughput and latency using IP forwarders (routers) as examples of virtual network functions. Two significant factors for performance are investigated: the design of token buckets and the packet clustering effect that comes from scheduling. Finally, we demonstrate how performance guarantees are achieved for rate-controlled virtual routers under different scenarios.
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Elagin, Vasily S., Alexander V. Bogachev, and Ilya A. Belozertsev. "Modeling the estimation of end-to-end packet latency for a chain of NFV nodes in 5G networks." T-Comm 16, no. 3 (2022): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2022-16-3-23-30.

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It is expected that future communication networks will provide configurable delay-sensitive types of services (for example, streaming video, machine interaction). To support a variety of applications and use cases of servers providing various functions, you can use network function virtualization (NFV), which will be able to provide flexible implementation and placement of configuration of the necessary network functions. This article analyzes the end-to-end packet latency (E2E) for multiple traffic flows passing through the chain of embedded virtual network functions (VNF) in fifth-generation communication networks (5G). The Dominant of Generalized Resource Processing (DR-GPS) is used to distribute computing resources and transfer data between threads in each node of Network Function Virtualization (NFV) to achieve equitable distribution and utilization of available resources. The tandem queuing model is designed for incoming packets combined in several streams passing through the NFV node and its outgoing transmission channel. To analyze manageability, we separate packet processing (and transmission) of various streams in the simulation and determine the average packet processing and transmission rates of each stream as approximate service speeds.
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Xue, Peilei, and Zhongyuan Jiang. "SecRouting: Secure Routing for Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) Technology." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 69, no. 3 (March 2022): 1727–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2021.3119938.

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Xue, Peilei, and Zhongyuan Jiang. "SecRouting: Secure Routing for Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) Technology." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 69, no. 3 (March 2022): 1727–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2021.3119938.

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Bruschi, Roberto, Florin Ciucu, and Thomas Zinner. "Application areas and fundamental challenges in Network Functions Virtualization." Computer Networks 154 (May 2019): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2019.02.016.

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Rehman, A. U., Rui L. Aguiar, and Joao Paulo Barraca. "Network Functions Virtualization: The Long Road to Commercial Deployments." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 60439–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2915195.

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Nogales, Borja, Victor Sanchez-Aguero, Ivan Vidal, and Francisco Valera. "Adaptable and Automated Small UAV Deployments via Virtualization." Sensors 18, no. 12 (November 23, 2018): 4116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18124116.

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In this paper, we present a practical solution to support the adaptable and automated deployment of applications of Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (SUAVs). Our solution is based on virtualization technologies, and considers SUAVs as programmable network platforms capable of executing virtual functions and services, which may be dynamically selected according to the requirements specified by the operator of the aerial vehicles. This way, SUAVs can be flexibly and rapidly adapted to different missions with heterogeneous objectives. The design of our solution is based on Network Function Virtualization (NFV) technologies, developed under the umbrella of the fifth generation of mobile networks (5G), as well as on existing Internet protocol standards, including flying ad hoc network routing protocols. We implemented a functional prototype of our solution using well-known open source technologies, and we demonstrated its practical feasibility with the execution of an IP telephony service. This service was implemented as a set of virtualized network functions, which were automatically deployed and interconnected over an infrastructure of SUAVs, being the telephony service tested with real voice-over-IP terminals.
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Ali, Ali. "Securing Pervasive Computing Networks: Enhancing Network Security via Network Virtualization in Wireless Communications Infrastructure." Journal of Intelligent Systems and Internet of Things 12, no. 2 (2024): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.54216/jisiot.120206.

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The seamless integration of technology for computing into everyday items and environments is known as pervasive computing. To protect against cyber threats and vulnerabilities, robust security mechanisms are necessary. Conventional security measures, including gateways and the use of encryption, may not be sufficient to address the unique challenges encountered in ubiquitous computing systems. But these techniques are still vital. In addition to the variety of devices, resource limitations, mobility needs, and the possibility of large-scale distributed attacks, these obstacles also include the potential for attack. Network virtualization, that abstracts and separates network facilities and functions, is a promising way to increasing security in pervasive computing deployments: it abstracts and isolates network resources and processes. Wireless communication play a significant part in the development of a digital infrastructure that is both resilient and trustworthy. The processes of dynamic resource allocation, isolation, and management of network bandwidth are made possible through the utilization of virtualization, leads to the proposal of Secure Wireless Virtual Resource Allocation and Authentication Algorithm(SWVRA3) to make the abstraction of the network's physical resources into virtualized entities By using network virtualization, pervasive computing applications and services can be secured with logically segregated virtual networks. The cross-contamination and security breaches can be reduced by this separation. Furthermore, flexible configuration, dynamic allocation of resources, and centralized virtual control are allowed by network visualization that improves threat incidence response, enforcement of policies, and security surveillance.
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Kadu, Mr N. B. "Availability-Aware Multi-Objective Cluster Allocation Optimization in Energy-Efficient Datacenters." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 30, 2021): 3498–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35944.

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With increasing network virtualization, data centre's workloads are modified in depth to serve various service-oriented applications, often defined by a time-bound service response, which, in turn, places a heavy demand on data center networks. Network virtualization in computing is the technique of integrating network resources and network functions in hardware and software into one virtual network, the software-based administration entity. Number of people ask for the server simultaneously, thereby slowing down the service.It is so costly to buy a new server that we developed a virtual system by creating a virtual system. With a trend to increase the number of cloud apps in the datacenter. There are numerous physical machines (PMs) linked via switches in the datacenter. Hardware PM resources for adaptable and elastic computing capabilities are usually shared via virtualization technology. Usually a cloud application is implemented in a virtual cluster that includes many virtual machines which occupy PM resources on request.
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Qureshi, Kashif Naseer, Ejaz Ahmad, Muhammad Anwar, Kayhan Zrar Ghafoor, and Gwanggil Jeon. "Correction to: Network Functions Virtualization for Mobile Core and Heterogeneous Cellular Networks." Wireless Personal Communications 122, no. 3 (November 22, 2021): 2561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-09321-2.

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Thembelihle, Dlamini, Michele Rossi, and Daniele Munaretto. "Softwarization of Mobile Network Functions towards Agile and Energy Efficient 5G Architectures: A Survey." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2017 (2017): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8618364.

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Future mobile networks (MNs) are required to be flexible with minimal infrastructure complexity, unlike current ones that rely on proprietary network elements to offer their services. Moreover, they are expected to make use of renewable energy to decrease their carbon footprint and of virtualization technologies for improved adaptability and flexibility, thus resulting in green and self-organized systems. In this article, we discuss the application of software defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) technologies towards softwarization of the mobile network functions, taking into account different architectural proposals. In addition, we elaborate on whether mobile edge computing (MEC), a new architectural concept that uses NFV techniques, can enhance communication in 5G cellular networks, reducing latency due to its proximity deployment. Besides discussing existing techniques, expounding their pros and cons and comparing state-of-the-art architectural proposals, we examine the role of machine learning and data mining tools, analyzing their use within fully SDN- and NFV-enabled mobile systems. Finally, we outline the challenges and the open issues related to evolved packet core (EPC) and MEC architectures.
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Sun, Jian, Guanhua Huang, Arun Kumar Sangaiah, Guangyang Zhu, and Xiaojiang Du. "Towards Supporting Security and Privacy for Social IoT Applications: A Network Virtualization Perspective." Security and Communication Networks 2019 (March 14, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4074272.

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Network function virtualization (NFV) is a new way to provide services to users in a network. Different from dedicated hardware that realizes the network functions for an IoT application, the network function of an NFV network is executed on general servers, and in order to achieve complete network functions, service function chaining (SFC) chains virtual network functions to work together to support an IoT application. In this paper, we focus on a main challenge in this domain, i.e., resource efficient provisioning for social IoT application oriented SFC requests. We propose an online SFC deployment algorithm based on the layered strategies of physical networks and an evaluation of physical network nodes, which can efficiently reduce bandwidth resource consumption (OSFCD-LSEM) and support the security and privacy of social IoT applications. The results of our simulation show that our proposed algorithm improves the bandwidth carrying rate, time efficiency, and acceptance rate by 50%, 60%, and 15%, respectively.
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SUZUKI, Dai, Satoshi IMAI, and Toru KATAGIRI. "Workload Estimation for Firewall Rule Processing on Network Functions Virtualization." IEICE Transactions on Communications E101.B, no. 2 (2018): 528–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transcom.2017ebt0002.

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Li, Liangzhi, Kaoru Ota, and Mianxiong Dong. "DeepNFV: A Lightweight Framework for Intelligent Edge Network Functions Virtualization." IEEE Network 33, no. 1 (January 2019): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2018.1700394.

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Chen, Xiaojing, Wei Ni, Iain B. Collings, Xin Wang, and Shugong Xu. "Automated Function Placement and Online Optimization of Network Functions Virtualization." IEEE Transactions on Communications 67, no. 2 (February 2019): 1225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2018.2877336.

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Raza, Muhammad Taqi, Songwu Lu, and Mario Gerla. "vEPC-sec: Securing LTE Network Functions Virtualization on Public Cloud." IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 14, no. 12 (December 2019): 3287–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2019.2908800.

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36

Eramo, Vincenzo, Francesco G. Lavacca, and Tiziana Catena. "Impact of the Maximum Number of Switching Reconfigurations on the Cost Saving in Network Function Virtualization Environments with Elastic Optical Interconnection." Applied Sciences 9, no. 23 (November 28, 2019): 5167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9235167.

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Network Function Virtualization is based on the virtualization of the network functions and it is a new technology allowing for a more flexible allocation of cloud and bandwidth resources. In order to employ the flexibility of the technology and to adapt its use according to the traffic variation, reconfigurations of the cloud and bandwidth resources are needed by means of both migration of the Virtual Machines executing the network functions and reconfiguration of circuits interconnecting the Virtual Machines. The objective of the paper is to study the impact of the maximum number of switch reconfigurations on the cost saving that the Networking Function Virtualization technology allows us to achieve. The problem is studied in the case of a scenario with an elastic optical network interconnecting datacenters in which the Virtual Machines are executed. The problem can be formulated as an Integer Linear Programming one introducing a constraint on the maximum number of switch reconfigurations but due to its computational complexity we propose a low computational complexity heuristic allowing for results close to the optimization ones. The results show how the limitation on the number of possible reconfigurations has to be taken into account to evaluate the effectiveness in terms of cost saving that the Virtual Machine migrations in Network Function Virtualization environment allows us to achieve.
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Mouradian, Carla, Tonmoy Saha, Jagruti Sahoo, Mohammad Abu-Lebdeh, Roch Glitho, Monique Morrow, and Paul Polakos. "Network functions virtualization architecture for gateways for virtualized wireless sensor and actuator networks." IEEE Network 30, no. 3 (May 2016): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2016.7474347.

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38

Falahatraftar, Farnoush, Samuel Pierre, and Steven Chamberland. "A Conditional Generative Adversarial Network Based Approach for Network Slicing in Heterogeneous Vehicular Networks." Telecom 2, no. 1 (March 18, 2021): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/telecom2010009.

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Heterogeneous Vehicular Network (HetVNET) is a highly dynamic type of network that changes very quickly. Regarding this feature of HetVNETs and the emerging notion of network slicing in 5G technology, we propose a hybrid intelligent Software-Defined Network (SDN) and Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) based architecture. In this paper, we apply Conditional Generative Adversarial Network (CGAN) to augment the information of successful network scenarios that are related to network congestion and dynamicity. The results show that the proposed CGAN can be trained in order to generate valuable data. The generated data are similar to the real data and they can be used in blueprints of HetVNET slices.
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39

Liu, Mingyue, and Feng Liu. "Research on Optimized Deployment of Virtual Network Functions in Network Function Virtualization Environment." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1748 (January 2021): 032020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1748/3/032020.

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40

Yang, Chao-Tung, Shuo-Tsung Chen, Jung-Chun Liu, Yao-Yu Yang, Karan Mitra, and Rajiv Ranjan. "Implementation of a real-time network traffic monitoring service with network functions virtualization." Future Generation Computer Systems 93 (April 2019): 687–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2018.08.050.

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41

Lee, Sang-Hun, Jong-Seo Kim, Jong-Soo Seok, and Hyun-Wook Jin. "Virtualization of Industrial Real-Time Networks for Containerized Controllers." Sensors 19, no. 20 (October 11, 2019): 4405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19204405.

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The virtualization technology has a great potential to improve the manageability and scalability of industrial control systems, as it can host and consolidate computing resources very efficiently. There accordingly have been efforts to utilize the virtualization technology for industrial control systems, but the research for virtualization of traditional industrial real-time networks, such as Controller Area Network (CAN), has been done in a very limited scope. Those traditional fieldbuses have distinguished characteristics from well-studied Ethernet-based networks; thus, it is necessary to study how to support their inherent functions transparently and how to guarantee Quality-of-Service (QoS) in virtualized environments. In this paper, we suggest a lightweight CAN virtualization technology for virtual controllers to tackle both functionality and QoS issues. We particularly target the virtual controllers that are containerized with an operating-system(OS)-based virtualization technology. In the functionality aspect, our virtualization technology provides virtual CAN interfaces and virtual CAN buses at the device driver level. In the QoS perspective, we provide a hierarchical real-time scheduler and a simulator, which enable the adjustment of phase offsets of virtual controllers and tasks. The experiment results show that our CAN virtualization has lower overheads than an existing approach up to 20%. Moreover, we show that the worst-case end-to-end delay could be reduced up to 78.7% by adjusting the phase offsets of virtual controllers and tasks.
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42

Coêlho, Roger William, Elvio João Leonardo, Luciana Andréia Fondazzi Martimiano, and Ronan Assumpção Silva. "A survey of the characteristics of SDN, NFV and information security in IoT and 5G networks." Revista Brasileira de Computação Aplicada 15, no. 3 (November 27, 2023): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5335/rbca.v15i3.14645.

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Background, The 5G technology has emerged as a trusted source to meet the increased demand of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, in addition to enabling Internet connectivity at high broadband speeds. Another important feature of 5G is the use of techniques such as Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Functions Virtualization (NVF), mechanisms responsible for performing network configurations through software, in addition to massive control and management of devices using the network configuration functions or device virtualization. Results, The concern with information security in the 5G network is increasing, as cybercriminals try to access important data that is transported over the network, since the demand for connected IoT devices will be greater, thus allowing for several possibilities of attacks. The understanding of possible threats and attacks is necessary, so that new measures are taken against cybercrimes presented in the 5G and IoT networks. Conclusions, This paper aims to elucidate some conceptions of what 5G technology is and the use of IoT in this network, contextualizing the SDN and NFV techniques to allow the configuration of the functionality and management of the network by software. In addition, concerns will be reported about possible information security attacks that may occur in 5G.
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43

Baldi, Mario, and Amedeo Sapio. "Network Function Modeling and Performance Estimation." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 3021. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3021-3037.

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<p>This work introduces a methodology for the modelization of network functions focused on the identification of recurring execution patterns as basic building blocks and aimed at providing a platform independent representation. By mapping each modeling building block on specific hardware, the performance of the network function can be estimated in termsof maximum throughput that the network function can achieve on the specific execution platform. The approach is such that once the basic modeling building blocks have been mapped, the estimate can be computed automatically for any modeled network function. Experimental results on several sample network functions show that although our approach cannot be very accurate without taking in consideration traffic characteristics, it is very valuable for those application where even loose estimates are key. One such example is orchestration in network functions virtualization (NFV) platforms, as well as in general virtualization platforms where virtual machine placement is based also on the performance<br />of network services offered to them. Being able to automatically estimate the performance of a virtualized network function (VNF) on different execution hardware, enables optimal placement of VNFs themselves as well as the virtual hosts they serve, while efficiently utilizing available resources.</p>
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Pham, Tuan-Minh, Serge Fdida, Thi-Thuy-Lien Nguyen, and Hoai-Nam Chu. "Modeling and analysis of robust service composition for network functions virtualization." Computer Networks 166 (January 2020): 106989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2019.106989.

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Pham, Tuan-Minh, and Hoai-Nam Chu. "Multi-Provider and Multi-Domain Resource Orchestration in Network Functions Virtualization." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 86920–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2926136.

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46

Sahinel, Doruk, Simon Rommel, and Idelfonso Tafur Monroy. "Resource Management in Converged Optical and Millimeter Wave Radio Networks: A Review." Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (December 27, 2021): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12010221.

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Three convergent processes are likely to shape the future of the internet beyond-5G: The convergence of optical and millimeter wave radio networks to boost mobile internet capacity, the convergence of machine learning solutions and communication technologies, and the convergence of virtualized and programmable network management mechanisms towards fully integrated autonomic network resource management. The integration of network virtualization technologies creates the incentive to customize and dynamically manage the resources of a network, making network functions, and storage capabilities at the edge key resources similar to the available bandwidth in network communication channels. Aiming to understand the relationship between resource management, virtualization, and the dense 5G access and fronthaul with an emphasis on converged radio and optical communications, this article presents a review of how resource management solutions have dealt with optimizing millimeter wave radio and optical resources from an autonomic network management perspective. A research agenda is also proposed by identifying current state-of-the-art solutions and the need to shift all the convergent issues towards building an advanced resource management mechanism for beyond-5G.
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47

Hohlfeld, Oliver, Thomas Zinner, Theophilus Benson, and David Hausheer. "Special issue on Software-Defined Networking and Network Functions Virtualization for flexible network management." International Journal of Network Management 26, no. 1 (November 16, 2015): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nem.1915.

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48

Blanco, Bego, Ianire Taboada, Jose Oscar Fajardo, and Fidel Liberal. "A Robust Optimization Based Energy-Aware Virtual Network Function Placement Proposal for Small Cell 5G Networks with Mobile Edge Computing Capabilities." Mobile Information Systems 2017 (2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2603410.

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In the context of cloud-enabled 5G radio access networks with network function virtualization capabilities, we focus on the virtual network function placement problem for a multitenant cluster of small cells that provide mobile edge computing services. Under an emerging distributed network architecture and hardware infrastructure, we employ cloud-enabled small cells that integrate microservers for virtualization execution, equipped with additional hardware appliances. We develop an energy-aware placement solution using a robust optimization approach based on service demand uncertainty in order to minimize the power consumption in the system constrained by network service latency requirements and infrastructure terms. Then, we discuss the results of the proposed placement mechanism in 5G scenarios that combine several service flavours and robust protection values. Once the impact of the service flavour and robust protection on the global power consumption of the system is analyzed, numerical results indicate that our proposal succeeds in efficiently placing the virtual network functions that compose the network services in the available hardware infrastructure while fulfilling service constraints.
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Duytam Ly, Le, Mahsa Sadeghi Ghahroudi, and Victor Ponce. "A Systematic Literature Review of Reliable Provisioning for Virtual Network Function Chaining." Applied Sciences 13, no. 9 (April 28, 2023): 5504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13095504.

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The abstraction of the network node functions using virtualization methods introduced an innovative architecture called Network Function Virtualization (NFV). In NFV, every virtualization software hosts a network service recognized as a Virtual Network Function (VNF). In general, the network provider creates a Service Function Chain (SFC) for every sequence of multiple requested VNFs by the customers. Although NFV allows for a more flexible and economical approach, it is more prone to error and failure. Therefore, providing reliable provisioning for VNF chaining is one of the key issues in NFV. In this paper, we present a systematic literature review to study the pioneer research efforts that provide reliable provisioning for VNF chaining by guaranteeing the availability of the service and resource optimization. Our review is the result of the analysis of 21 screened papers. This paper presents the result of our analysis, including different aspects of a reliable provisioning algorithm, various adopted techniques for reliable provisioning, and the superiority and drawbacks of each algorithm based on the proposed criteria for the evaluation of the provisioning algorithms.
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50

Shamsan, Ali Haider, and Arman Rasool Faridi. "A conceptual architecture for integrating software defined network and network virtualization with internet of things." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 6 (December 1, 2022): 6777. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i6.pp6777-6784.

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<span lang="EN-US">Software defined network (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) are new paradigms and technologies of the network which support the best experience of providing functions and services, managing network traffic, and a new way of control. They support virtualization and separating data from control in network devices, as well as provide services in a software-based environment. Internet of things (IoT) is a heterogeneous network with a massive number of connected devices and objects. IoT should be integrated with such technologies for the purpose of providing the capabilities of dynamic reconfiguration with a high level of integration. This paper proposes a conceptual architecture for integrating software defined network (SDN) and NFV with IoT. The proposed work combines the three technologies together in one architecture. It also presents the previous works in this area and takes a look at the theoretical background of those technologies in order to give a complete view of proposed work.</span>
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