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Cherednichenko, Olga, O. V. Riabko, K. A. Timchenko, and M. A. Timchenko. "The assessment framework for decision-making based on quality criterion." Thesis, Institute for Applied System Analysis, 2011. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/45175.
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Samwel, Emad. "Toward the Development and Implementation of Personalized, Adaptive, and Comprehensive E-learning Systems." Diss., NSUWorks, 2016. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/373.
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Enrollment in online courses is increasing at a much higher rate than enrollment in on campus courses. Initially, online systems were developed by moving course content from in-class courses as is to an online platform. Later, Web 2.0 technology was implemented in order to improve students’ online engagement. These systems considered all students as one homogeneous group and ignored the fact that different students learn in different ways and at different speeds. Later, adaptive online learning systems were developed based on the assumption that if the instructional approach matches the student learning style, student performance and experience will improve. The use of these systems yielded mixed results because there is no agreement on what, how, and when to adapt instructions. The problem is that there is still a lack of empirical evidence about which online learning system’ design is the most effective, efficient, and engaging.
There were two goals for this study. The first was to develop a new instructional theory and design model suitable for personalizing and adapting online learning. The first goal was achieved by developing student personalized, adaptive, and comprehensive e-learning spaces instructional theory and design model. This theory is based on finding the best fit among student characteristics, knowledge domain objectives, and technology used in delivering the online course. The second goal was to implement the newly developed theory and design model in an e-learning system prototype. This goal was achieved by developing and internally validating the e-learning system prototype by utilizing a panel of five instructional design experts. The Delphi method was used to solicit input from the expert panel in three rounds of validation. The validation process resulted in the experts’ consensus that the prototype incorporated the instructional theory and design model well and that this instructional theory holds the promise of increasing online learning courses’ effectiveness, efficiency, and student engagement.
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Morera, Carbonell Sadurní. "Comprehensive inventories for Life Cycle Assessment in urban wastewater systems." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/363226.
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This thesis represents an important contribution to facilitate the efficient creation of detailed inventories to carry out Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies of urban wastewater systems. Specifically, this thesis provides a tool to carry out an evaluation of the environmental impact of the construction of sewer systems. The work also shows that is necessary to consider the construction of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) when these studies are carried out and provides a set of useful linear regressions to calculate in a quickly and precise way the inventories for the civil works of small to medium WWTPs. Finally, the application of this methodology to evaluate the integrated management of different WWTPs is also presented together with an application of the water footprint in WWTPs to demonstrate that it can be also a valid tool to calculate its environmental impact.<br>Aquesta tesi representa una contribució important per facilitar la realització d'inventaris detallats per dur a terme estudis d'Anàlisi de Cicle de Vida (ACV) al sistema urbà d'aigua residual i que es poden obtenir d’una forma ràpida i amb resultats satisfactoris. Concretament, amb la tesi es presenta una eina per poder realitzar estudis d'impacte ambiental per la construcció de sistemes de col•lectors d'aigua residual. També demostra que cal tenir en compte la construcció de depuradores en aquest tipus d'estudis i també facilita una sèrie de regressions lineals útils per calcular de forma ràpida i precisa els inventaris per l’obra civil de depuradores d’una mida petita o mitjana. Finalment, també es presenta l'aplicació de la metodologia per avaluar la gestió integrada de diferents depuradores i l'aplicació de la petjada hídrica en depuradores per demostrar que també pot ser una eina molt vàlida per calcular d’una forma senzilla el seu impacte ambiental.
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Morera, Carbonell Sadurní. "Comprehensive inventories for Life Cicle Assessment in urban wastewater systems." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/363226.
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This thesis represents an important contribution to facilitate the efficient creation of detailed inventories to carry out Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies of urban wastewater systems. Specifically, this thesis provides a tool to carry out an evaluation of the environmental impact of the construction of sewer systems. The work also shows that is necessary to consider the construction of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) when these studies are carried out and provides a set of useful linear regressions to calculate in a quickly and precise way the inventories for the civil works of small to medium WWTPs. Finally, the application of this methodology to evaluate the integrated management of different WWTPs is also presented together with an application of the water footprint in WWTPs to demonstrate that it can be also a valid tool to calculate its environmental impact.<br>Aquesta tesi representa una contribució important per facilitar la realització d'inventaris detallats per dur a terme estudis d'Anàlisi de Cicle de Vida (ACV) al sistema urbà d'aigua residual i que es poden obtenir d’una forma ràpida i amb resultats satisfactoris. Concretament, amb la tesi es presenta una eina per poder realitzar estudis d'impacte ambiental per la construcció de sistemes de col•lectors d'aigua residual. També demostra que cal tenir en compte la construcció de depuradores en aquest tipus d'estudis i també facilita una sèrie de regressions lineals útils per calcular de forma ràpida i precisa els inventaris per l’obra civil de depuradores d’una mida petita o mitjana. Finalment, també es presenta l'aplicació de la metodologia per avaluar la gestió integrada de diferents depuradores i l'aplicació de la petjada hídrica en depuradores per demostrar que també pot ser una eina molt vàlida per calcular d’una forma senzilla el seu impacte ambiental.
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Homer, John. "A comprehensive approach to enterprise network security management." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1372.
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Whitney, John. "A comprehensive review of competency assessment for computer information systems instruction." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002whitneyj.pdf.
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Siu, Jaspar (Jaspar W. )., and Santosh Stephen. "A supply network resiliency assessment framework." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100086.
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Thesis: M. Eng. in Logistics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2015.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 90-91).<br>Supply chain resiliency is a relatively new field within supply chain management. Many quantitative and qualitative resiliency frameworks are available. However, there is a need for a hybrid framework that provides a more comprehensive resiliency assessment. In this thesis, we attempt to synthesize important features from different assessment frameworks and develop a hybrid resiliency assessment framework that more comprehensively addresses resiliency assessment. Our proposed framework combines quantitative assessment with a qualitative assessment to create a single Balanced Scorecard of Resiliency (BSR). We deployed the quantitative assessment of the BSR framework in a single commodity supply chain of ABC Company, and were able to compute the expected business impact risk of each node. We also aggregated across multiple nodes to assess the expected business impacts of each of the facilities, suppliers and locations of ABC Company's supply chain, and identify the critical entities in the supply chain for mitigation planning. For the critical facilities, suppliers, and locations, we developed response curves of the expected business impact for key parameters to identify the best mitigation options and the extent of investments. Lastly, we used a supply chain visualization tool called Sourcemap to visualize the expected business impact risk in both a map view and supply network view. Our quantitative assessment of resiliency allowed us to gain insights and generate recommendations for improving ABC Company's supply chain resiliency.<br>by Jaspar Siu and Santosh Stephen.<br>M. Eng. in Logistics
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Miles, Scott B. "Participatory assessment of a comprehensive areal model of earthquake-induced landslides /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5609.
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Yang, Fang. "A Comprehensive Approach for Bulk Power System Reliability Assessment." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14488.
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The goal of this research is to advance the state of the art in bulk power system reliability assessment. Bulk power system reliability assessment is an important procedure at both power system planning and operating stages to assure reliable and acceptable electricity service to customers. With the increase in the complexity of modern power systems and advances in the power industry toward restructuring, the system models and algorithms of traditional reliability assessment techniques are becoming obsolete as they suffer from nonrealistic system models and slow convergence (even non-convergence) when multi-level contingencies are considered and the system is overstressed. To allow more rigor in system modeling and higher computational efficiency in reliability evaluation procedures, this research proposes an analytically-based security-constrained adequacy evaluation (SCAE) methodology that performs bulk power system reliability assessment.
The SCAE methodology adopts a single-phase quadratized power flow (SPQPF) model as a basis and encompasses three main steps: (1) critical contingency selection, (2) effects analysis, and (3) reliability index computations. In the critical contingency selection, an improved contingency selection method is developed using a wind-chime contingency enumeration scheme and a performance index approach based on the system state linearization technique, which can rank critical contingencies with high accuracy and efficiency. In the effects analysis for selected critical contingencies, a non-divergent optimal quadratized power flow (NDOQPF) algorithm is developed to (1) incorporate major system operating practices, security constraints, and remedial actions in a constrained optimization problem and (2) guarantee convergence and provide a solution under all conditions. This algorithm is also capable of efficiently solving the ISO/RTO operational mode in deregulated power systems. Based on the results of the effects analysis, reliability indices that provide a quantitative indication of the system reliability level are computed. In addition, this research extends the proposed SCAE framework to include the effects of protection system hidden failures on bulk power system reliability.
The overall SCAE methodology is implemented and applied to IEEE reliability test systems, and evaluation results demonstrate the expected features of proposed advanced techniques. Finally, the contributions of this research are summarized and recommendations for future research are proposed.
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Bradshaw, Terence L. "Comprehensive Assessment of Organic Apple Production in Vermont: Experience from Two Orchard Systems, 2006-2013." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/327.
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Despite substantial consumer demand and willingness to pay premium prices for organically grown fruit, apple growers in Vermont and other New England states have been slow to adopt certified organic practices. Barriers cited in the past to increased adoption of organic apple production in the region include susceptibility of traditionally grown cultivars to apple scab, lack of effective insect pest management materials, and few available effective options for fruit thinning. Recent changes in apple cultivar plantings in the region, introduction of new insect pest management materials, and advances in crop thinning justified an evaluation of organic apple production systems containing cultivars identified as important to the future of the apple industry. In 2006, two apple orchards were established at the University of Vermont Horticulture Research and Education Center in South Burlington, VT to comprehensively evaluate the five commercially-important apple cultivars of `Ginger Gold', `Honeycrisp', `Liberty', `Macoun', and `Zestar!' over eight growing seasons in two organically-managed orchard production systems, including a newly-planted high-density orchard (Orchard 1) and in an existing, medium-density orchard which was top-grafted to the new cultivars (Orchard 2). Parameters for tree growth and survival, crop yield, disease and arthropod pest incidence on foliage and fruit, and long-term economic return, including a twenty-year projection of net present value (NPV) of each cultivar in the two systems were evaluated in this study.
`Ginger Gold', despite high incidence of some diseases on foliage and fruit, performed the best in both orchard systems overall. The cultivar was among the cultivars with the highest measurements of tree growth. `Ginger Gold', along with `Honeycrisp', had the highest cumulative net crop yield per tree in Orchard 1 and the highest in Orchard 2. Notably, apple scab on `Honeycrisp' foliage and fruit and `Zestar!' fruit in both orchards was at a level that was not significantly different from `Liberty', a scab-resistant cultivar on which no scab was observed. However, `Honeycrisp' had the highest incidence of fruit rots in both orchards, but it was not significantly different than `Zestar!' in Orchard 1. Management of lepidopteran pests of fruit was a major challenge on all cultivars over the years of the study. For most of the tree growth parameters and cumulative net crop yield, `Liberty' was among the lowest group of cultivars in both orchards. Cumulative net crop yield of both `Macoun' and `Zestar!' were also among the lowest in both orchards with the top-grafted `Macoun' and `Zestar!' trees having significant tree death compared to the other cultivars in Orchard 2.
Harvested fruit were graded to commercial standards and cumulative gross and net income calculated from grade distribution, crop yield, and fruit price data. In Orchard 1, `Ginger Gold' and `Liberty' had greater cumulative gross income per hectare from 2006-2013, in excess of US$40,000, compared to `Liberty'. However, after management costs were deducted, all cultivars in Orchard 1 had negative cumulative net income of $-77,892 or less. In Orchard 2, all cultivars had positive cumulative net income for 2006-2013, and `Ginger Gold' had the highest at $109,717/ha. The twenty-year projected NPV was negative for all cultivars in Orchard 1, but in Orchard 2, all cultivars had positive NPV with `Ginger Gold' having the highest among the cultivars.
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Bayou, Lyes. "Assessment and enforcement of wireless sensor network-based SCADA systems security." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IMTA0083/document.
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La sécurité des systèmes de contrôle industriel est une préoccupation majeure. En effet, ces systèmes gèrent des installations qui jouent un rôle économique important. En outre, attaquer ces systèmes peut non seulement entraîner des pertes économiques, mais aussi menacer des vies humaines. Par conséquent, et comme ces systèmes dépendent des données collectées, il devient évident qu’en plus des exigences de temps réel, il est important de sécuriser les canaux de communication entre ces capteurs et les contrôleurs principaux. Ces problèmes sont plus difficiles à résoudre dans les réseaux de capteurs sans fil (WSN). Cette thèse a pour but d’aborder les questions de sécurité des WSN. Tout d’abord, nous effectuons une étude de sécurité approfondie du protocole WirelessHART. Ce dernier est le protocole leader pour les réseaux de capteurs sans fil industriels (WISN). Nous évaluons ses forces et soulignons ses faiblesses et ses limites. En particulier, nous décrivons deux vulnérabilités de sécurité dangereuses dans son schéma de communication et proposons des améliorations afin d’y remédier. Ensuite, nous présentons wIDS, un système de détection d’intrusion (IDS) multicouches qui se base sur les spécifications, spécialement développé pour les réseaux de capteurs sans fil industriels. L’IDS proposé vérifie la conformité de chaque action effectuée par un noeud sans fil sur la base d’un modèle formel du comportement normal attendu<br>The security in Industrial Control Systems is a major concern. Indeed, these systems manage installations that play an important economical role. Furthermore, targeting these systems can lead not only to economical losses but can also threaten human lives. Therefore, and as these systems depend on sensing data, it becomes obvious that additionally to real-time requirement, it is important to secure communication channels between these sensors and the main controllers. These issues are more challenging inWireless Sensor Networks (WSN) as the use of wireless communications brings its own security weaknesses. This thesis aims to address WSN-based security issues. Firstly, we conduct an in-deep security study of the WirelessHART protocol. This latter is the leading protocol for Wireless Industrial Sensor Networks (WISN) and is the first international approved standard. We assess its strengths and emphasize its weaknesses and limitations. In particular, we describe two harmful security vulnerabilities in the communication scheme of WirelessHART and propose improvement in order to mitigate them. Secondly, we present wIDS, a multilayer specification based Intrusion Detection System (IDS) specially tailored for Wireless Industrial Sensor Networks. The proposed IDS checks the compliance of each action performed by a wireless node based on a formal model of the expected normal behavior
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Myers, Barry L. "Information systems assessment: development of a comprehensive framework and contingency theory to assess the effectiveness of the information systems function." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4302/.
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The purpose of this research is to develop a comprehensive, IS assessment framework using existing IS assessment theory as a base and incorporating suggestions from other disciplines. To validate the framework and to begin the investigation of current IS assessment practice, a survey instrument was developed. A small group of subject matter experts evaluated and improved the instrument. The instrument was further evaluated using a small sample of IS representatives. Results of this research include a reexamination of the IS function measurement problem using new frameworks of analyses yielding (a) guidance for the IS manager or executive on which IS measures might best fit their organization, (b) a further verification of the important measures most widely used by IS executives, (c) a comprehensive, theoretically-derived, IS assessment framework, and by (d) the enhancement of IS assessment theory by incorporating ideas from actual practice. The body of knowledge gains a comprehensive, IS assessment framework that can be further tested for usefulness and applicability. Future research is recommended to substantiate and improve on these findings. Chapter 2 is a complete survey of prior research, subdivided by relevant literature divisions, such as organizational effectiveness, quality management, and IS assessment. Chapter 3 includes development of and support for the research questions, IS assessment framework, and the research model. Chapter 4 describes how the research was conducted. It includes a brief justification for the research approach, a description of how the framework was evaluated, a description of how the survey instrument was developed and evaluated, a description of the participants and how they were selected, a synopsis of the data collection procedures, a brief description of follow-up procedures, and a summary. Chapter 5 presents the results of the research. Chapter 6 is a summary and conclusion of the research. Finally, included in the appendices are definitions of terms, and copies of the original and improved survey instruments.
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López, Jorge. "Distributed on-line network monitoring for trust assessment." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLL003/document.
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Les systèmes collaboratifs sont aujourd’hui devenus très populaires et sont de plus en plus utilisés dans de nombreux domaines divers. De fait, les interactions de confiance des differents systèmes sont devenus une priorité. La confiance, en tant que concept informatique, a été étudiée très récemment. Cependant, dans la littérature, très peu d’attention a été portée pour évaluer l’exactitude des interactions entre entités communicantes; même si la plupart des approches se sont basées sur les mesures cumulées de ces valeurs. Pour déterminer, de façon générale, l’exactitude de ces interactions, une approche nommée Monitorage des Réseaux En-Ligne et Distribué (MRED) a été proposée. De plus, des outils prototypes ont été développés pour tester automatiquement les propriétés de confiance entre entités dans des systèmes communicants. MRED est une forme de test passif; elle analyse les réponses des systèmes et teste l’exactitude des interactions en utilisant des traces de réseaux. Comme elle dépend des propriétés à tester, une nouvelle approche a été proposée pour faire l’extraction automatique de propriétés pertinentes que l’ont pourrait, in fine, tester dans un système sous test. Notre approche repose sur le fonctionnement des systèmes de monitorage online. Nous proposons de nouvelles méthodes afin d’améliorer les techniques fournies dans l’état de l’art pour: a) évaluer efficacement les propriétés avec une complexité en temps O($n$), ce en utilisant un Automate Fini Déterministe Prolongée (AFDP); et b) élargir l’expressivité du langage proposé pour exprimer correctement les contraintes systèmes, comme les délais d’attente pour éviter le manque de ressources. Finalement, nous proposons un nouveau cadre flexible utilisable dans de très nombreux domaines, qui permet la définition de caractéristiques de confiance afin d’évaluer les entités dans des contextes différents. De surcroît, avec les évaluations des caractéristiques de confiance, nous proposons un modèle de confiance basé sur l’apprentissage automatique, en résolvant spécifiquement un problème de classification multi-classes et utilisant des Machine à vecteurs de support (SVM). A partir de ces modèles, des expérimentations ont été effectuées en simulant des caractéristiques de confiance pour estimer le niveau de confiance; une précision de plus de 96% a été obtenue<br>Collaborative systems are growing in use and in popularity. The need to boost the methods concerning the interoperability is growing as well; therefore, trustworthy interactions of the different systems are a priority. Trust as a computer science concept has been studied in the recent years. Nevertheless, in the literature, very little focus is placed on how to assess the correctness of the interactions between the entities; even if most approaches rely on the estimation of trust based on the accumulated measures of these values. To broadly determine the correctness of interactions without targeting a specific domain or application, an approach using Distributed On-line Network Monitoring (DONM) was proposed. Furthermore, a prototype tool-set was developed to automatically test the trust properties. DONM is a form passive testing; it analyzes systems' responses and test the correctness of the interactions via network traces. Since it relies on the stated properties to test, a novel approach was proposed to automatically extract relevant properties to test. Our approach deeply relies on the operation of On-line Monitoring Systems. That is the reason why we propose new methods to enhance the state of the art techniques to: a) efficiently evaluate properties in O(n) time complexity using an Extended Finite State Automata (EFSA) auxiliary data structure; and b) to expand the language expressiveness to properly express the constraints of such systems, such as, timeouts in order to avoid resource starvation. Finally, using the evaluation of the entities' interactions provided by our approach, trust management engines will help trustors to decide with whom and how to interact with other users or applications. We propose a new framework that is flexible for any domain, allowing trustors to define the trust features used to evaluate trustees in different contexts. Furthermore, with the evaluations of the trust features, we propose a trust model which achieves close-to-human inference of the trust assessment, by using a machine learning based trust model, namely solving a multi-class classification problem using Support Vector Machines (SVM). Using the SVM-based trust model, experiments were performed with simulated trust features to estimate trust level; an accuracy of more than 96% was achieved
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Hsiao, Shih-Hui. "SOCIAL MEDIA ANALYTICS − A UNIFYING DEFINITION, COMPREHENSIVE FRAMEWORK, AND ASSESSMENT OF ALGORITHMS FOR IDENTIFYING INFLUENCERS IN SOCIAL MEDIA." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/busadmin_etds/8.
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Given its relative infancy, there is a dearth of research on a comprehensive view of business social media analytics (SMA). This dissertation first examines current literature related to SMA and develops an integrated, unifying definition of business SMA, providing a nuanced starting point for future business SMA research. This dissertation identifies several benefits of business SMA, and elaborates on some of them, while presenting recent empirical evidence in support of foregoing observations. The dissertation also describes several challenges facing business SMA today, along with supporting evidence from the literature, some of which also offer mitigating solutions in particular contexts.
The second part of this dissertation studies one SMA implication focusing on identifying social influencer. Growing social media usage, accompanied by explosive growth in SMA, has resulted in increasing interest in finding automated ways of discovering influencers in online social interactions. Beginning 2008, many variants of multiple basic approaches have been proposed. Yet, there is no comprehensive study investigating the relative efficacy of these methods in specific settings. This dissertation investigates and reports on the relative performance of multiple methods on Twitter datasets containing between them tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of tweets. Accordingly, the second part of the dissertation helps further an understanding of business SMA and its many aspects, grounded in recent empirical work, and is a basis for further research and development. This dissertation provides a relatively comprehensive understanding of SMA and the implementation SMA in influencer identification.
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De, Soto Kristine M. "An assessment, survey, and systems engineering design of information sharing and discovery systems in a network-centric environment." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Dec/09Dec%5FDe%20Soto.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Systems Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Goshorn, Rachel E. Second Reader: Shebalin, Paul V. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 27, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Systems engineering, systems architecture, network-centric systems, network-centric warfare, NCW, network-centric operations, NCO, information sharing, information discovery. Includes bibliographical references (p. 101-103). Also available in print.
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Peng, Liangjian. "Applications of artificial neural networks to power systems network reduction and static security assessment." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366090.
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Isapour, Chehardeh Maziar. "AUTOMATIC RECONFIGURATION OF RADIAL DISTRIBUTION NETWORK FOR RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT USING THE CIRCUIT GRAPH." OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1572.
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The problem of optimum restoration after occurrence the outages in a distribution network is an important issue in smart grids. In this kind of networks remote-controlled switches, alternative sources and grid-connected distributed generators (DG) are employed. Therefore, the reliability of the system (corresponding to the frequency of failures and the duration of interruptions) is improved by operating the switches to resupply a part of interrupted system during the repair time. To evaluate the reliability indices in smart grids, neglecting the restoration during the repair time causes the wrong assessment of the network. Thus, considering the rerouting the power during the interruptions seems necessary to calculate the reliability indices. The problem of restoration is formulated as a non-linear integer programming problem with the assistance of the network graph. The circuit graph method is also used to pre-evaluate the feasible interchanging operations to enhance the efficiency of the computations. The topological and operational constraints in this formulation can be found and resolved with the assistance of fundamental cut-set matrix. The optimum restoration schemes is obtained by considering the optimal islanded mode of operation of the DGs which implies maximizing the loading of DGs while not violating their generation capacities. The optimum restoration policies lead us to find the optimum number and location of those manual switches that should be upgraded to the remote-controlled switches. This is a multi-objective problem that contains the contribution of each restoration policy in the reliability improvement and the cost of those switching operations. The proposed algorithm is applied to different standard test systems and the results are compared to the results obtained from other methods and algorithms.
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Tu, Ran. "Network-wide Assessment of Eco-Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control Systems on Freeway and Arterial Facilities." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71385.
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The environmental impact of a transportation system is critical in the assessment of the transportation system performance. Eco-Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (Eco-CACC) systems attempt to minimize vehicle fuel consumption and emission levels by controlling vehicle speed and acceleration levels. The majority of previous research efforts developed and applied Eco-CACC systems on either freeway or signalized intersections independently on simple and small transportation networks without consideration of the interaction among these controls.
This thesis extends the state-of-the-art in Eco-CACC evaluation by conducting a comprehensive evaluation on a complex network considering Eco-CACC control on both freeways and arterials individually and simultaneously. The goal of this study is to compare Eco-CACCs on arterial facilities (Eco-CACC-A), freeway facilities (Eco-CACC-F) and both facilities (Eco-CACC-F+A). The effects of Eco-CACC are evaluated considering various Measures of Effectiveness (MOEs), including: average vehicle delay, fuel consumption, and emission levels using simulated results from INTEGRATION, a microscopic traffic assignment and simulation software, considering different freeway speed limits, traffic demand levels and system market penetration rates. In total, 19 traffic scenarios for each of the four different cases (Eco-CACC-A, Eco-CACC-F and Eco-CACC-F+A plus a base no control case) were tested. In total 760 simulation runs were conducted (4 cases * 19 scenarios * 10 repetitions). T-tests and pairwise mean comparison (Tukey HSD) were conducted to identify any statistical differences between control cases and the base case from the simulation results. This thesis shows that arterial and freeway Eco-CACCs can work well together and their effects will be largely influenced by network characteristics.<br>Master of Science
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Shi, Arthur Q. X. "Structural Damage Assessment Using Artificial Neural Networks and Artificial Immune Systems." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1499.
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Structural health monitoring (SHM) systems have been technologically advancing over the past few years. Improvements in fabrication and microelectronics allow the development of highly sophisticated sensor arrays, capable of detecting and transmitting an unprecedented amount of data. As the complexity of the hardware increases, research has been performed in developing the means to best utilize and effectively process the data. Algorithms from other computational fields are being introduced for the first time into SHM systems. Among them, the artificial neural network (ANN) and artificial immune systems (AIS) show great potential. In this thesis, features are extracted out of the acceleration data with the use of discrete wavelet transforms (DWT)s first. The DWT coefficients are used to calculate energy ratios, which are then classified using a neural network and an AIS algorithm known as negative selection (NS). The effectiveness of both methods are validated using simulated acceleration data of a four story structure exhibiting various damage states via computer simulation.
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Tabesh, Massoud. "Implications of the pressure dependency of outflows of data management, mathematical modelling and reliability assessment of water distribution systems." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314120.
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Liljenström, Carolina. "Life cycle assessment in early planning of transport systems : Decision support at project and network levels." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Hållbarhet, utvärdering och styrning, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-239600.
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The Swedish Climate Policy Framework implies that the Swedish transport sector must reduce its greenhouse gas emissions to nearly zero by 2045. Previous studies have – using life cycle assessment – shown that indirect greenhouse gas emissions from the vehicle and infrastructure life cycle are significant and should be considered in transport policy and planning of transport systems, in addition to direct emissions of vehicle operation. The aim of this thesis is to contribute with knowledge on climate impact and primary energy use of transport systems for decision-support in early planning at project and network levels, and evaluate and demonstrate how life cycle climate impact and primary energy use can be assessed in early planning. This thesis includes three papers that contribute to achieving this aim. Paper I developed a methodological approach to assess annual climate impact and primary energy use of Swedish road, rail, air, and sea transport infrastructure at a network level. Paper II then expanded this system to the assessment of the Swedish transport system at a network level, including national and international freight and passenger transport by road, rail, air, and sea. At the project level, Paper III examined how LCA can be used as decision-support in choice of road corridor, considering the practical prerequisite of data availability in early planning and usefulness of results in the decision-making process. Paper I showed that the annual climate impact of Swedish transport infrastructure is around 3 million tonnes CO2 equivalents and that the annual primary energy use is around 27 TWh. Road infrastructure accounted for the largest proportion of impacts – around 70% of the climate impact and around 80% of the energy use. Paper II showed that the annual climate impact of the Swedish transport system was around 44 million tonnes CO2 equivalents and the primary energy use was around 178 TWh. Road transport and aviation together accounted for 90% of the climate impact and primary energy use. Indirect impacts were significant, especially for road and rail transport, accounting for 30% of the total climate impact and primary energy use. Paper III found that (1) collection of project specific data should focus on parameters that differentiate the road corridors, that can be influenced in early planning, and that are not directly related to the road length and (2) life cycle assessment based models used in early planning should include nation specific generic data approved by the national road authority.<br><p>QC 20181128</p>
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Khan, Moazzam. "Security metric based risk assessment." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47527.
Full textAbstract:
Modern day computer networks have become very complex and attackers have benefited due to this complexity and have found vulnerabilities and loopholes in the network architecture. In order to identify the attacks from an attacker all aspects of network architecture needs to be carefully examined such as packet headers, network scans, versions of applications, network scans, network anomalies etc. and after the examination attributes playing a significant impact on the security posture of the organization needs to be highlighted so that resources and efforts are directed towards those attributes. In this work we extensively look at network traffic at dormitory network of a large campus and try to identify the attributes that play a significant role in the infection of a machine. Our scheme is to collect as much attributes from the network traffic applying the heuristic of network infection and then devise a scheme called decision centric rank ordering of security metric that gives the priority to the security metrics so that network administrators can channel their efforts in the right direction. Another aspect of this research is to identify the probability of an attack on a communication infrastructure. A communication infrastructure becomes prone to attack if certain elements exist in it, such as vulnerabilities in the comprising elements of the system, existence of an attacker and motivation for him to attack. Focus of this study is on vulnerability assessment and security metrics such as user behavior, operating systems, user applications, and software updates. To achieve a quantified value of risk, a set of machines is carefully observed for the security metrics. Statistical analysis is applied on the data collected from compromised machines and the quantified value of risk is achieved.
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Wretling, Vincent. "Strengthening the Municipal Energy Planning – Integration into Comprehensive Planning, Performance of Impact Assessment and Inclusion of National Environmental Objectives." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Hållbarhet, utvärdering och styrning, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-239185.
Full textAbstract:
The global climate is changing rapidly, which pronounces the need for transforming the energy system. The Swedish municipalities have been identified as key actors in Sweden’s decarbonisation due to their far-reaching responsibilities, which encompass energy planning. The municipalities are required to have a Municipal Energy Plan (MEP) regarding the provision of energy, but have increasingly shown climate awareness. Further, the municipalities are responsible also for the spatial planning, and increased climate efforts will largely be dependent on how this planning is conducted. However, the energy system also affects various other environmental impacts. Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) can aid to take these impacts and associated National Environmental Quality Objectives (NEQOs) into account, which is necessary in order to avoid that other negative environmental impacts occur due to a decarbonisation and that synergies between NEQOs instead could be utilised. Thus, this thesis aims to examine current municipal energy planning practice and the integration of energy and climate targets into comprehensive planning (Paper I), as well as to explore the performance of SEA and the consideration of NEQOs in municipal energy planning (Paper II). Further, suggestions for strengthening the practice is developed (Paper I and II).To achieve the aims, a document analysis, statistical analyses, thematic analyses and an interview study has been employed. This thesis shows that the Act on Municipal Energy Planning is not followed and that the municipalities proactively focuses on climate change mitigation instead. Moreover, a link between MEPs and Comprehensive Plans is seen regarding energy and climate-related targets, and a continuous energy planning can thus be one way of achieving a spatial planning in line with the climate objectives. SEA is seldom performed despite legal requirements, due to a deficient screening practice. However, when performed, SEA can increase the consideration of NEQOs, particularly those in which negative environmental impacts of climate efforts can occur. The consideration of NEQOs could thus help enhance synergies between a decarbonisation and other NEQOs, which could mobilise support for the MEP and aid its implementation.<br><p>QC 20181120</p>
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Ziegenfuss, Paul C. "Performance assessment of the Tactical Network Analysis and Planning System Plus (TNAPS+) automated planning tool for C4I systems." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1999. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA366859.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Systems Technology (Command, Control, and Communications)) Naval Postgraduate School, June 1999.<br>"June 1999". Thesis advisor(s): Gary Porter, John H. Gibson. Includes bibliographical references (p. 41). Also available online.
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Zinas, N. "Development and assessment of a new rover-enhanced network based data processing strategy for Global Navigation Satellite Systems." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/19913/.
Full textAbstract:
Real Time GNSS networks established across countries over the last fifteen years, provide centimetre level accuracy for a wide range of applications differing from precise ship docking to land surveying. Public sector organizations deploy GNSS Networks to support infrastructure projects. Private companies establish their own networks for commercial or private use. The number of users of these networks has steadily increased over the years, and a potential new market has been created. This thesis focuses on the exploitation of the advantages of using multiple users operating within a GNSS network as part of the system, as a virtual network of stations that can operate autonomously and combined with the reference station network. A new network-RTK methodology that encompasses the multiple users of network RTK services for instantaneous positioning, is presented. Users are equipped with a means of two-way communication that enables the data to be transmitted to a central processing facility on an epoch by epoch basis. A centralised approach reduces the need for complex algorithms at the user side. The methodology is tested through the use of data from the South California Integrated GNSS Network (SCIGN) for two different network formations with different numbers of users operating simultaneously. It is shown that regional estimation of relative ionospheric corrections from the proposed methodology has a positive effect on the overall ambiguity resolution success rates when compared to the use of a standard ionospheric model. It is demonstrated that the use of the multiple rovers operating in the network increase the ambiguity success rates for the ones outside the network area by almost 20%. A smaller improvement for rovers near the boundaries of the network is also achieved. Finally, new prospects for regional atmospheric modeling become available, since the algorithm estimates all the double difference ambiguities for the reference station-rover system.
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Thacker, Scott. "Reducing the risk of failure in interdependent national infrastructure network systems." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:02e7313c-0967-47e3-becc-2e7da376f745.
Full textAbstract:
Infrastructure network systems support society and the economy by facilitating the distribution of essential services across broad spatial extents, at a range of scales. The complex and interdependent nature of these systems provides the conditions for which localised failures can dramatically cascade, resulting in disruptions that are widespread and very often unforeseen. This systemic vulnerability has been highlighted multiple times over the previous decades in infrastructures systems from around the world. In the future, the hazards to which infrastructure systems are exposed are set to grow with increasing extreme event risks caused by climate change. The aim of this thesis is to develop methodology and analysis for understanding and reducing the risk of failure of national interdependent infrastructure network systems. This study introduces multi-scale, system-of-systems based methodology and applied analysis that provides important new insights into interdependent infrastructure network risk and adaptation. Adopting a complex network based approach; real-world asset data is integrated from the energy, transport, water, waste and digital communications sectors to represent the physical interconnectivity that exists within and between interdependent infrastructure systems. Given the often limited scope of real-world datasets, an algorithm is presented that is used to synthesise missing network data, providing continuous network representations that preserve the most salient spatial and topological properties of real multi-level infrastructure systems. Using the resultant network representations, the criticality of individual assets is calculated by summing the direct and indirect customer disruptions that can occur in the event of failure. This is achieved by disrupting sets of functional service flow pathways that transcend sectorial and operational boundaries, providing long-range connectivity between service originating source nodes and customer allocated sink nodes. Kernel density estimation is used to integrate discrete asset criticality values into a continuous surface from which statistically significant infrastructure geographical criticality hotspots are identified. Finally, a business case is presented for investment in infrastructure adaptation, where adaptation costs are compared to the reduction in expected damages that arise from interdependency related failures over an assets lifetime. By representing physical and geographic interdependence at a range of scales, this analysis provides new evidence to inform the targeting of investments to reduce risks and enhance system resilience. It is concluded that the research presented within this thesis provides new theoretical insights and practical techniques for a range of academic, industrial and governmental infrastructure stakeholders, from the UK and beyond.
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Jakimavičius, Marius. "Multi-criteria assessment of urban areas transport systems development according to sustainability." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090119_094516-74428.
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The main goal of the current PhD thesis is urban transport system analysis according sustainability. In dissertation have been analyzed urban areas transport system using integrated decision support system methods with GIS. These methods have been adopted for urban transport system analysis, urban territories ranking according transport system level. Also the indicators system for urban transport system analysis was filled with other important indicators groups for urban sustainability (environmental, socio economic). The aim of the paper cov-ers creation of theoretical model, which could evaluate urban transport system sustainability and perform rational planning of urban future development ac-cording decision support methods and GIS technologies. Also this model could allow executing urban transport system ranking by engineering infrastructure, socio economic and environment aspects. Model could perform comparing of urban development scenarios and to indicate the best one, which satisfies trans-port systems indicators.<br>Disertacijoje nagrinėjama gyvenamųjų teritorijų susisiekimo sistema darnos požiūriu. Pagal sukurtą susisiekimo sistemos analizei naudojamą rodiklių sis-temą, disertacijoje nagrinėjami sprendimų paramos sistemos metodai, tinkantys gyvenamųjų teritorijų susisiekimo sistemos analizes uždaviniams spręsti, tai pat analizuojamos šių metodų integracijos galimybės su geografinėmis informa-cinėmis sistemomis (GIS). Pagrindinis darbo tikslas – sudaryti teorinį modelį, kuris leistų daugiatiksliais sprendimų priėmimo metodais bei GIS technologi-jomis įvertinti gyvenamųjų teritorijų susisiekimo sistemos darną ir darniai planuoti gyvenamųjų teritorijų susisiekimo sistemos vystymąsi ateityje. Dis-ertacijoje siūlomas modelis suteikia galimybę atlikti skirtingų gyvenamųjų teri-torijų susisiekimo sistemų rangavimą, analizuoti įvairias gyvenamųjų teritorijų susisiekimo sistemos vystimosi alternatyvas, jas palyginti bei atrinkti geriausią. Modelis yra integruotas su GIS ir suteikia galimybė atlikti gyvenamųjų teritorijų plėtros tendencijų modeliavimą.
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Kim, Jun Ha. "Artificial neural network (ANN) based decision support model for alternative workplace arrangements (AWA) readiness assessment and type selection." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31830.
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Thesis (Ph.D)--Building Construction, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.<br>Committee Chair: Roper, Kathy; Committee Co-Chair: Kangari, Roozbeh; Committee Member: Ashuri, Baabak; Committee Member: Castro, Daniel; Committee Member: Rouse, William. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Papanikolaou, Dimitrios M. S. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Attribute process methodology : feasibility assessment of Digital Fabrication Production Systems for planar part assemblies using network analysis and System Dynamics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44283.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2008.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-76).<br>A Digital Fabrication Production System (DFPS) is a concept describing a set of processes, tools, and resources that will be able to custom produce an artifact according to a design, fast, cheap, and easy, independently of location. A DFPS project is a complex assembly of custom parts that is delivered by a network of fabrication and assembly processes. This network is called the value chain. Evaluating feasibility of a DFPS project has two main problems: first, how to evaluate assemblability of the design; second, how to evaluate performance of the value chain. This thesis formulates Attribute Process Methodology (APM); a framework that describes assembly and value chain structure as a network of attributes and processes and uses System Dynamics to evaluate its performance.<br>by Mimitrios Papanikolaou.<br>S.M.
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Rossholm, Andreas. "On Enhancement and Quality Assessment of Audio and Video in Communication Systems." Doctoral thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för tillämpad signalbehandling, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-00604.
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The use of audio and video communication has increased exponentially over the last decade and has gone from speech over GSM to HD resolution video conference between continents on mobile devices. As the use becomes more widespread the interest in delivering high quality media increases even on devices with limited resources. This includes both development and enhancement of the communication chain but also the topic of objective measurements of the perceived quality. The focus of this thesis work has been to perform enhancement within speech encoding and video decoding, to measure influence factors of audio and video performance, and to build methods to predict the perceived video quality. The audio enhancement part of this thesis addresses the well known problem in the GSM system with an interfering signal generated by the switching nature of TDMA cellular telephony. Two different solutions are given to suppress such interference internally in the mobile handset. The first method involves the use of subtractive noise cancellation employing correlators, the second uses a structure of IIR notch filters. Both solutions use control algorithms based on the state of the communication between the mobile handset and the base station. The video enhancement part presents two post-filters. These two filters are designed to improve visual quality of highly compressed video streams from standard, block-based video codecs by combating both blocking and ringing artifacts. The second post-filter also performs sharpening. The third part addresses the problem of measuring audio and video delay as well as skewness between these, also known as synchronization. This method is a black box technique which enables it to be applied on any audiovisual application, proprietary as well as open standards, and can be run on any platform and over any network connectivity. The last part addresses no-reference (NR) bitstream video quality prediction using features extracted from the coded video stream. Several methods have been used and evaluated: Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Least Square Support Vector Machines (LS-SVM), showing high correlation with both MOS and objective video assessment methods as PSNR and PEVQ. The impact from temporal, spatial and quantization variations on perceptual video quality has also been addressed, together with the trade off between these, and for this purpose a set of locally conducted subjective experiments were performed.
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Lee, Juneseok. "Decision Support Tool for Optimal Replacement of Plumbing Systems." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36421.
Full textAbstract:
Pinhole corrosion leak in home plumbing has emerged as a significant issue. In the major water distribution system managed by municipalities and water utilities the costs are distributed among all subscribers. The home plumbing repair/replacement cost and possible water damage cost must be addressed by the home owner. There are also issues of the value of home, insurance rates, health consequences, and taste and odor problems. These issues have become major concerns to home owners.
Cradle to grave life cycle assessment is becoming an integral part of industrial manufacturing. In this thesis comprehensive details pertaining to life cycle assessment are presented. Copper tubing for plumbing installations is mainly obtained from recycled copper. Various stages of copper plumbing pipe manufacturing are explained. A comprehensive synthesis of various corrosion mechanisms is presented. Particular reference is given to copper plumbing pipe corrosion.
A decision support tool for replacing copper plumbing pipes is presented. The deterioration process is grouped into early, normal and late stages. Because available data reflects late stage process, an optimization, neural network and curve fitting models are developed to infer early and normal stage behavior of the plumbing system. Utilizing the inferred leak rates a non-homogeneous poisson process model is developed to generate leak arrival times. An economically sustainable replacement criterion is adopted to determine optimal replacement time.<br>Master of Science
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Suleiman, Iyad. "Integrating data mining and social network techniques into the development of a Web-based adaptive play-based assessment tool for school readiness." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/7293.
Full textAbstract:
A major challenge that faces most families is effectively anticipating how ready to start school a given child is. Traditional tests are not very effective as they depend on the skills of the expert conducting the test. It is argued that automated tools are more attractive especially when they are extended with games capabilities that would be the most attractive for the children to be seriously involved in the test. The first part of this thesis reviews the school readiness approaches applied in various countries. This motivated the development of the sophisticated system described in the thesis. Extensive research was conducted to enrich the system with features that consider machine learning and social network aspects. A modified genetic algorithm was integrated into a web-based stealth assessment tool for school readiness. The research goal is to create a web-based stealth assessment tool that can learn the user's skills and adjust the assessment tests accordingly. The user plays various sessions from various games, while the Genetic Algorithm (GA) selects the upcoming session or group of sessions to be presented to the user according to his/her skills and status. The modified GA and the learning procedure were described. A penalizing system and a fitness heuristic for best choice selection were integrated into the GA. Two methods for learning were presented, namely a memory system and a no-memory system. Several methods were presented for the improvement of the speed of learning. In addition, learning mechanisms were introduced in the social network aspect to address further usage of stealth assessment automation. The effect of the relatives and friends on the readiness of the child was studied by investigating the social communities to which the child belongs and how the trend in these communities will reflect on to the child under investigation. The plan is to develop this framework further by incorporating more information related to social network construction and analysis. Also, it is planned to turn the framework into a self adaptive one by utilizing the feedback from the usage patterns to learn and adjust the evaluation process accordingly.
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Beckhusen, Benedict. "Mobile Apps and the ultimate addiction to the Smartphone : A comprehensive study on the consequences of society’s mobile needs." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Informatik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-31159.
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The smartphone is omnipresent and is cherished and held close by people. It allows for constant connection within a digitally connected society, as well as for many other purposes such as leisure activity or informational purpose. Within the Information Systems studies deeper investigation is required as to what impact this “taken – for – granted” mobile access to information and mobile apps has for individuals and society and if a “technological addiction”can be developed when using the smartphone for everything during the day on such a constant basis. The aim of this study was to understand the role of the smartphone in society and to shed light on this unclear relationship between the constant use of a smartphone and its development towards an addictive quality. To reach a conclusion, in depth – interviews were conducted with participants about their relationship to the smartphone and their smartphone use based on questions derived from literature on mobile communication technologies and the types of digital addictions existing. The results are that the smartphone is a device that seamlessly integrates into our daily lives in that we unconsciously use it as a tool to make our daily tasks more manageable, and enjoyable. It also supports us in getting better organized, to be in constant touch with family and friends remotely, and to be more mobile which is a useful ability in today’s mobility driven society. Smartphones have been found to inhabit a relatively low potential to addiction. Traits of voluntary behaviour, habitual behaviour, and mandatory behaviour of smartphone use have been found. All of these behaviours are not considered a true addiction. In the end, it seems that the increase of smartphone use is mainly due to the way we communicate nowadays digitally,and the shift in how we relate to our social peers using digital means.
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Курганський, Андрій Володимирович. "Інноваційні біометричні пакети текстильних матеріалів та виробів для комплексного оцінювання тактико-технічних властивостей речового майна військовослужбовців". Thesis, ТОВ «Міжнародний виставковий центр», 2016. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3827.
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Відповідно до сучасного стану розробки нових та удосконалення існуючих предметів речового майна та стислих термінів до їх впровадження, отримання оперативної інформації на етапі дослідних випробувань та достовірних даних про їх придатність тактико-технічним вимогам відповідно до військово-облікової спеціальності є однією з найважливіших проблем спрямованих на розробку та впровадження у реальність принципово нового бойового єдиного комплекту військовослужбовця. Розробка для цих цілей комплексу на основі зонально-диференційованого розміщення біометричних пакетів – передумови для випуску конкурентоспроможного вітчизняного бойового екіпірування здатного забезпечити максимальну відповідність та виявити недоліки ще на етапі дослідного носіння через автоматизований комплекс дистанційного моніторингу параметрів у системі «військовослужбовець-бойове екіпірування» неруйнівним методом.<br>The development of complex with area-differentiated arrangement of wireless measurement packages is conditions for the production combat equipment which able to ensure of maximum compliance and identify gaps at the stage of research by wearing a set of automated remote monitoring of parameters in the "soldier-fighting equipment" by non-destructive method.
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Ramadhani, Uri Arta. "Evaluation of the Profitability of Quality of Experience-based Resource Allocation Deployment in LTE Network : A Techno-economic Assessment based on Quality of Experience in Video Traffic." Thesis, KTH, Radio Systems Laboratory (RS Lab), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-218073.
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In the current mobile telecommunication market, with slow growth in mobile subscriptions and increasing traffi demand, each mobile operator needs to manage their customer loyalty in order to maintain position in the market. To retain their customer's loyalty, the user quality of satisfaction needs to be preserved. Integrating a Quality of Experience (QoE) approach into a radio resource scheduling scheme can be a means to improve user quality of satisfaction to a service. However, the enhancement of existing resource allocation management to support a QoE-based resource scheduling scheme needs a careful consideration since it will impact the mobile operator's investment cost. A profitability assessment of QoE-based resource allocation is required as a basis for the mobile operator to forecast their potential benefit of QoE-based resource scheduling deployment. This thesis investigated the profitability of deploying QoE-based radio resource management (RRM) in terms of revenue loss compared to proportional fair (PF) scheduling, a widely used resource allocation scheme, in delivering a streaming video service. In QoE-based RRM, a buffering percentage experienced by a user was considered in the resource allocation decision process. The two scheduling schemes were simulated in different network configurations. User satisfaction was quantified in terms of mean opinion score. Given the degree of satisfaction for each user, a number of users who would be likely to churn was obtained. A cost-benefit assessment was then conducted by predicting revenue loss due to customer churn. The results from the simulation and cost analysis show that although QoE-based resource scheduling provides users with a higher degree of satisfaction for more base stations, the utilization of a QoE-based resource scheduler does not offer significant benefit to the network operator with regard to revenue loss and deployment cost when compared to a PF scheduler. This outcome indicates that if the business target is to reduce customer churn, then the operator should utilize a PF scheduler for their RRM scheme.<br>Den nuvarande mobiltelefonimarknaden kännetecknas av svag tillväxt av nya kunder men ett ökat nyttjande bland existerande kunder av företagens tjänster. Kundlojalitet har blivit en avgörande faktor för att uppnå en stark marknadsposition. Kundernas upplevda kvalitet utav mobiltjänsterna behöver upprätthållas på en hög nivå för att tillfredställa denna lojalitet. Att applicera en upplevad kvalitet (QoE) metod i en radio resurs kan vara ett medel till att förbättra kundernas upplevda kvalitet av mobiltj änsten. För att undersöka ifall en sådan tjänst är lönsam är det dock nödvändigt att en lönsamhetskalkyl genomförs, där investeringskostnad och systemets driftkostnad vägs mot eventuella intäkter. En lönsamhetsbedömning av QoE-baserad resursallokering krävs som grund för mobiloperatören att förutse deras potentiella fördelar med QoE-baserad resursschemaläggning. Denna uppsats undersöker lönsamheten av att implementera QoE i termer av förlorade intäkter, jämfört med proportionell rättvis (PF) schemaläggning, i att leverera en videoströmservice. I QoE-baserad RRM användes buffertprocentandel som användes av användarna i resursallokeringsprocessen. De två olika systemen simulerades genom att använda olika antal basstationer i mobilnätverkskonfigurationen. Användarnöjdhet kvantifierades genom att låta användarna betygsätta tjänsten, detta värde användes därefter till att uppskatta hur många av kunderna som sannolikt ej skulle återanvända tjänsten. En lönsamhetskalkyl genomfördes genom att prediktera förlorade intäkter med avseende på kunderna som ej skulle återanvända tjänsten. Resultaten från simulerings- och lönsamhetsberäkningen visade att även om QoE erbjuder en högre kundnöjdhet av tjänsten och tillfredsställelse för er basstationer, så leder inte en QoE-implementering till signikanta fördelar för nätverket i termer av förlorade intäkter och investeringskostnader jämfört med ett PF schemaläggare. Detta indikerar att om ett företags mål är att höja kundlojaliteten, då skall företaget applicera en PF schemaläggare istället för QoE.
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Zhang, Na. "The design and implementation of an assessment management module to function within the architectural constraints of an existing Open Source Software (OSS) learning management system (to meet target-user requirements)." Thesis, Peninsula Technikon, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1371.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MTech (Information Technology))--Peninsula Technikon, 2004<br>This dissertation was written in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
Master of Technology in the Faculty of Information Technology at the Peninsula
Technikon in South Africa.
The dissertation covers the introduction of the study; the reviews of the case,
Free and Open Source Software; the discussion of methodology of software
project management in terms of software engineering; the analysis of
assessment methods; the techniques of using PHP, MySQL, Apache and CVS;
and the implementation of a test module.
The research represents the consideration of the problem, namely that there
are few free assessment manager programmes that can be used for the quick
and efficient deployment of academic assessments. An experimental research
method was used to with the aim of solving the above problem. In other words,
a test management system module had to be designed and implemented to
function within the architectural constraints of a developing Open Source
Software (OSS) Learning Management System (LMS), which is called
Knowledge Environment for Web-based Learning Next Generation
(KEWL.NextGen).
The test management system is a module developed on Object-Oriented
Programming (OOP) in PHP and MySQL application. The scripts of this test
module are written under the KEWL.NextGen' application framework, which is
based on a close approximation of model, view and controller (MVC) design
III
pattem. Now the entire source coding of the test module has been uploaded to
Web site http://kngforge.uwc.ac.za.
This test module can be used for the creation and management of an online
test. It provides facilities to create a new test, and to preview, edit, delete and
mark an existing test. Three question types have been achieved, namely
multiple-choice, true/false and short answer.
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Haro, Monteagudo David. "Methodology for the optimal management design of water resources system under hydrologic uncertainty." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/45996.
Full textAbstract:
Un sistema de gestión de sequías apropiado requiere de la anticipación de los posibles
efectos que un episodio de este tipo tenga sobre el sistema de recursos hídricos. Esta tarea sin
embargo resulta más complicada de lo que parece. En primer lugar, debido al alto grado de
incertidumbre existente en la predicción de variables hidrológicas futuras. Y en segundo,
debido al riesgo de sobrerreacción en la activación de medidas de mitigación generando falsa
sensación de escasez, o sequía artificial. A este respecto, los planes especiales de sequía
proveen de herramientas para la gestión eficiente de situaciones con escasez de recursos y la
preparación de cara a futuros eventos. De todos modos, las diferentes estrategias de
operación seguidas en cada sistema de recursos hídricos hacen que las herramientas que en
algunos casos resultaron altamente útiles no lo sean tanto cuando se aplican en sistemas
distintos.
Debido a la falta de tiempo y/o al exceso de confianza en los trabajos realizados por
terceros, con excelentes resultados en sus respectivos casos, a veces se cae en el error de
implementar metodologías no del todo apropiadas en sistemas con requisitos completamente
distintos. El desarrollo y utilización de metodologías generalizadas aplicables a diferentes
sistemas y capaces de proporcionar resultados adaptados a cada caso es, por tanto, muy
deseable. Este es el caso de las herramientas de modelación de sistemas de recursos hídricos
generalizadas. Estas permiten homogeneizar los procesos mientras siguen siendo los
suficientemente adaptables para proporcionar resultados apropiados para cada caso de
estudio.
Esta tesis presenta una serie de herramientas destinadas a avanzar en el análisis y
comprensión de los sistemas de recursos hídricos, haciendo énfasis en la prevención de
sequías y la gestión de riesgos. Las herramientas desarrolladas incluyen: un modelo de
optimización generalizado para esquemas de recursos hídricos, con capacidad para la
representación detallada de cualquier sistema de recursos hídricos, y una metodología de
análisis de riesgo basada en la optimización de Monte Carlo con múltiples series sintéticas. Con
estas herramientas es posible incluir tanto la componente superficial como la subterránea del
sistema estudiado dentro del proceso de optimización. La optimización está basada en la
resolución iterativa de redes de flujo. Se probó la consistencia y eficiencia de diferentes
algoritmos de resolución para encontrar un balance entre la velocidad de cálculo, el número
de iteraciones, y la consistencia de los resultados, aportando recomendaciones para el uso de
cada algoritmo dadas las diferencias entre los mismos.
Las herramientas desarrolladas se aplican en dos casos de estudio reales en la
evaluación y posibilidad de complementación de los sistemas de monitorización y alerta
temprana de sequías existentes en los mismos. En el primer caso, se propone un enfoque
alternativo para la monitorización de la sequía en el sistema de operación anual del río Órbigo
(España), complementándolo con la utilización de la metodología de análisis de riesgo. En el
segundo caso, las herramientas se emplean en un sistema con una estrategia de operación
completamente distinta. Se estudia como el análisis de riesgo de la gestión óptima puede
ayudar a la activación anticipada de los escenarios de sequía en los sistemas de los ríos Júcar y
Turia, cuya operación es hiperanual. En esta ocasión, el sistema de indicadores existente goza
de una gran confianza por parte de los usuarios. La metodología de análisis de riesgo es, sin
embargo, capaz de anticipar los eventos de sequía con mayor alarma, aspecto que es deseable
si se quiere evitar que los episodios en desarrollo vayan a más. En ambos casos se muestra
como la evaluación anticipada de las posibles situaciones futuras del sistema permiten una
definición confiable de los escenarios de sequía con suficiente antelación para la activación
efectiva de medidas de prevención y/o mitigación en caso de ser necesarias.
La utilización de indicadores provenientes de modelos frente a indicadores basados en
datos observados es complementaria y ambos deberían utilizarse de forma conjunta para
mejorar la gestión preventiva de los sistemas de recursos hídricos. El empleo de modelos de
optimización en situaciones de incertidumbre hidrológica es muy apropiado gracias a la no
necesidad de definir reglas de gestión para obtener los mejores resultados del sistema, y
teniendo en cuenta que las reglas de operación habituales pueden no ser completamente
adecuadas en estas ocasiones.<br>Haro Monteagudo, D. (2014). Methodology for the optimal management design of water resources system under hydrologic uncertainty [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/45996<br>TESIS
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Wallnerström, Carl Johan. "On Risk Management of Electrical Distribution Systems and the Impact of Regulations." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Electromagnetic Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4717.
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<p>The Swedish electricity market was de-regulated in 1996, followed by new laws and a new regulation applied to the natural monopolies of electrical distribution systems (EDS). These circumstances have motivated distribution systems operators (DSOs) to introduce more comprehensive analysis methods. The laws, the regulation and additional incentives have been investigated within this work and results from this study can be valuable when developing risk methods or other quantitative methods applied to EDS. This tendency is not unique for Sweden, the results from a comparative study of customer outage compensation laws between Sweden and UK is for example included.</p><p>As a part of investigating these incentives, studies of the Swedish regulation of customer network tariffs have been performed which provide valuable learning when developing regulation models in different countries. The Swedish regulatory model, referred to as the Network Performance Assessment Model (NPAM), was created for one of the first de-regulated electricity markets in the world and has a unique and novel approach. For the first time, an overall presentation of the NPAM has been performed including description of the underlying theory as a part of this work. However, the model has been met by difficulties and the future usage of the model is uncertain. Furthermore, the robustness of the NPAM has been evaluated in two studies with the main conclusion that the NPAM is sensitive toward small variations in input data. Results from these studies are explained theoretically investigating algorithms of the NPAM.</p><p>A pre-study of a project on developing international test systems is presented and this ongoing project aims to be a useful input when developing risk methods. An application study is included with the approach to systematically describe the overall risk management process at a DSO including an evaluation and ideas of future developments. The main objective is to support DSOs in the development of risk management, and to give academic reference material to utilize industry experience. An idea of a risk management classification has been concluded from this application study. The study provides an input to the final objective of a quantitative risk method.</p>
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Ozcan-Deniz, Gulbin. "An Integrated Multi-Agent Framework for Optimizing Time, Cost and Environmental Impact of Construction Processes." FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/455.
Full textAbstract:
Environmentally conscious construction has received a significant amount of research attention during the last decades. Even though construction literature is rich in studies that emphasize the importance of environmental impact during the construction phase, most of the previous studies failed to combine environmental analysis with other project performance criteria in construction. This is mainly because most of the studies have overlooked the multi-objective nature of construction projects. In order to achieve environmentally conscious construction, multi-objectives and their relationships need to be successfully analyzed in the complex construction environment. The complex construction system is composed of changing project conditions that have an impact on the relationship between time, cost and environmental impact (TCEI) of construction operations. Yet, this impact is still unknown by construction professionals. Studying this impact is vital to fulfill multiple project objectives and achieve environmentally conscious construction. This research proposes an analytical framework to analyze the impact of changing project conditions on the relationship of TCEI. This study includes green house gas (GHG) emissions as an environmental impact category. The methodology utilizes multi-agent systems, multi-objective optimization, analytical network process, and system dynamics tools to study the relationships of TCEI and support decision-making under the influence of project conditions. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is applied to the evaluation of environmental impact in terms of GHG. The mixed method approach allowed for the collection and analysis of qualitative and quantitative data. Structured interviews of professionals in the highway construction field were conducted to gain their perspectives in decision-making under the influence of certain project conditions, while the quantitative data were collected from the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) for highway resurfacing projects. The data collected were used to test the framework. The framework yielded statistically significant results in simulating project conditions and optimizing TCEI. The results showed that the change in project conditions had a significant impact on the TCEI optimal solutions. The correlation between TCEI suggested that they affected each other positively, but in different strengths. The findings of the study will assist contractors to visualize the impact of their decision on the relationship of TCEI.
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Singh, Shweta. "Incorporating Biogeochemical Cycles and Utilizing Complexity Theory for Sustainability Analysis." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1345519020.
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Cao, Qiushi. "Semantic technologies for the modeling of predictive maintenance for a SME network in the framework of industry 4.0 Smart condition monitoring for industry 4.0 manufacturing processes: an ontology-based approach Using rule quality measures for rule base refinement in knowledge-based predictive maintenance systems Combining chronicle mining and semantics for predictive maintenance in manufacturing processes." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMIR04.
Full textAbstract:
Dans le domaine de la fabrication, la détection d’anomalies telles que les défauts et les défaillances mécaniques permet de lancer des tâches de maintenance prédictive, qui visent à prévoir les défauts, les erreurs et les défaillances futurs et à permettre des actions de maintenance. Avec la tendance de l’industrie 4.0, les tâches de maintenance prédictive bénéficient de technologies avancées telles que les systèmes cyberphysiques (CPS), l’Internet des objets (IoT) et l’informatique dématérialisée (cloud computing). Ces technologies avancées permettent la collecte et le traitement de données de capteurs qui contiennent des mesures de signaux physiques de machines, tels que la température, la tension et les vibrations. Cependant, en raison de la nature hétérogène des données industrielles, les connaissances extraites des données industrielles sont parfois présentées dans une structure complexe. Des méthodes formelles de représentation des connaissances sont donc nécessaires pour faciliter la compréhension et l’exploitation des connaissances. En outre, comme les CPSs sont de plus en plus axées sur la connaissance, une représentation uniforme de la connaissance des ressources physiques et des capacités de raisonnement pour les tâches analytiques est nécessaire pour automatiser les processus de prise de décision dans les CPSs. Ces problèmes constituent des obstacles pour les opérateurs de machines qui doivent effectuer des opérations de maintenance appropriées. Pour relever les défis susmentionnés, nous proposons dans cette thèse une nouvelle approche sémantique pour faciliter les tâches de maintenance prédictive dans les processus de fabrication. En particulier, nous proposons quatre contributions principales: i) un cadre ontologique à trois niveaux qui est l’élément central d’un système de maintenance prédictive basé sur la connaissance; ii) une nouvelle approche sémantique hybride pour automatiser les tâches de prédiction des pannes de machines, qui est basée sur l’utilisation combinée de chroniques (un type plus descriptif de modèles séquentiels) et de technologies sémantiques; iii) a new approach that uses clustering methods with Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) rules to assess failures according to their criticality levels; iv) une nouvelle approche d’affinement de la base de règles qui utilise des mesures de qualité des règles comme références pour affiner une base de règles dans un système de maintenance prédictive basé sur la connaissance. Ces approches ont été validées sur des ensembles de données réelles et synthétiques<br>In the manufacturing domain, the detection of anomalies such as mechanical faults and failures enables the launching of predictive maintenance tasks, which aim to predict future faults, errors, and failures and also enable maintenance actions. With the trend of Industry 4.0, predictive maintenance tasks are benefiting from advanced technologies such as Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), the Internet of Things (IoT), and Cloud Computing. These advanced technologies enable the collection and processing of sensor data that contain measurements of physical signals of machinery, such as temperature, voltage, and vibration. However, due to the heterogeneous nature of industrial data, sometimes the knowledge extracted from industrial data is presented in a complex structure. Therefore formal knowledge representation methods are required to facilitate the understanding and exploitation of the knowledge. Furthermore, as the CPSs are becoming more and more knowledge-intensive, uniform knowledge representation of physical resources and reasoning capabilities for analytic tasks are needed to automate the decision-making processes in CPSs. These issues bring obstacles to machine operators to perform appropriate maintenance actions. To address the aforementioned challenges, in this thesis, we propose a novel semantic approach to facilitate predictive maintenance tasks in manufacturing processes. In particular, we propose four main contributions: i) a three-layered ontological framework that is the core component of a knowledge-based predictive maintenance system; ii) a novel hybrid semantic approach to automate machinery failure prediction tasks, which is based on the combined use of chronicles (a more descriptive type of sequential patterns) and semantic technologies; iii) a new approach that uses clustering methods with Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) rules to assess failures according to their criticality levels; iv) a novel rule base refinement approach that uses rule quality measures as references to refine a rule base within a knowledge-based predictive maintenance system. These approaches have been validated on both real-world and synthetic data sets
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Kim, Jongman. "A comprehensive approach to design Network-on-Chip architectures for SoC/multicore systems." 2007. http://www.etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-1962/index.html.
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Santos, João Miguel Oliveira dos. "A Comprehensive Life Cycle Approach for Managing Pavement Systems." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/30093.
Full textAbstract:
Tese de doutoramento em Sistemas de Transporte, apresentada ao Departamento de Engenharia Civil da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra<br>Numa sociedade em que consciência pública sobre a protecção do ambiente é cada vez
mais notória, e a disponibilidade de recursos naturais e de financiamento é limitada, as
concessionárias rodoviárias e os decisores procuram, hoje, mais do que nunca,
ferramentas que lhes possibilitem utilizar esses recursos de forma mais racional, tendo
em conta factores ambientais e sociais juntamente com considerações económicas e
técnicas. No entanto, as práticas tradicionalmente adoptadas pelas concessionárias
rodoviárias no que diz respeito à gestão de pavimentos tem consistido essencialmente
na aplicação de sistemas de Avaliação dos Custos do Ciclo de Vida (ACCV) com o
objectivo de avaliar o valor económico de longo prazo de opções alternativas de
investimento para novos projectos de construção, manutenção e reabilitação (M&R).
Esta forma de apoio à tomada de decisão, em que nenhuma ou reduzida importância é
dada às considerações ambientais, não é eficaz na promoção da sustentabilidade dos
sistemas de pavimentos rodoviários. Nessa perspectiva, é evidente a necessidade
urgente de Sistemas de Apoio à Decisão (SAD) para a gestão de pavimentos, que
através da integração de abordagens complementares e multidisciplinares de ciclo de
vida de pavimentos, permitam aos decisores contabilizar os efeitos cumulativos e de
longo prazo das suas decisões e procedimentos, no que diz respeito à concretização dos
objectivos e metas de sustentabilidade. Tal só será possível através da utilização de
técnicas e ferramentas dotadas de uma capacidade de análise abrangente e com um
âmbito alargado.
Esta tese apresenta um SAD para optimizar a gestão de pavimentos ao nível de projecto
que inclui várias abordagens de ciclo de vida de pavimentos, com uma natureza
abrangente e autónoma, mas interligadas de forma lógica. Especificamente, os seguintes
métodos de avaliação são apresentados: um modelo de Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida
(ACV), um modelo de CCV, um modelo integrado de CCV-ACV, um modelo de optimização mono-objectivo do ciclo de vida e um modelo de optimização multiobjectivo
do ciclo de vida.
Inicialmente são desenvolvidos modelos individuais de ACV e CCV de pavimentos,
que visam quantificar os impactes ambientais e os custos suportados pelas
concessionárias rodoviárias e pelos utilizadores ao longo das seis fases do ciclo de vida
de um pavimento rodoviário: extracção e produção de materiais; construção e M&R;
transporte de materiais; gestão do tráfego nas zonas de trabalhos; utilização; e fim do
ciclo de vida. Posteriormente, um modelo abrangente e integrado de CCV-ACV de
pavimentos é desenvolvido, a fim de se melhorar a consistência das fronteiras do
sistema do ciclo de vida de um pavimento, quando analisado concomitantemente dos
pontos de vista ambiental e económico.
Tendo em vista a melhoria progressiva da capacidade de análise do SAD, um modelo de
optimização mono-objectivo do ciclo de vida é desenvolvido para lidar com o problema
da selecção de estratégias de M&R dos pavimentos. A abordagem proposta assenta num
modelo de optimização discreta e não-linear que é resolvido através de um algoritmo
genético híbrido adaptativo (AGHA). O algoritmo desenvolvido possui dois
mecanismos de aprendizagem dinâmica que tem como objectivos conduzir e combinar,
de forma dinâmica, os processos de refinamento e exploração das soluções do
problema. O novo AGHA é comparado com uma versão não híbrida do algoritmo
genético através da aplicação dos algoritmos a vários casos de estudo.
Por último, para melhorar a expectativa de realização simultânea dos objectivos
ambientais e de custos, uma metodologia de optimização multi-objectivo do ciclo de
vida é proposta. A metodologia possui três componentes: (1) um modelo de optimização
multi-objectivo; (2) um modelo abrangente e integrado de CCV-ACV de pavimentos; e
(3) um modelo de apoio à decisão. A metodologia de optimização multi-objectivo
proposta é aplicada na identificação da estratégia óptima de M&R de um pavimento
rodoviário flexível, que resulte no melhor compromisso entre os três objectivos
seguintes: (1) minimização do valor actual dos CCV suportados pelas concessionárias rodoviárias; (2) minimização do valor actual dos CCV suportados pelos utilizadores; e
(3) minimização dos impactes ambientais do ciclo de vida.
Todas as abordagens de ciclo de vida de pavimentos são aplicadas a casos de estudo
reais ou a casos de estudos académicos baseados nas práticas reais adoptadas pelas
concessionárias rodoviárias, que visam não só o cumprimentos dos requisitos técnicos,
mas também a melhoria da sustentabilidade dos pavimentos através da redução dos
impactes ambientais e dos CCV suportados pelas concessionárias rodoviárias e pelos
utilizadores. Os resultados mostram a utilidade das metodologias de ciclo de vida que
integram o SAD como ferramentas viáveis para ajudar as concessionárias rodoviárias e
os decisores a concretizar os objectivos e as metas económicas e ambientais
cumulativas e de longo prazo.<br>In a society where the public awareness of environmental protection is increasing
remarkably and the availability of resources and funding is limited, it is more vital than
ever that highway agencies and decision-makers (DMs) seek new tools that enable them
to make the best and most rational use of these resources, taking into account
environmental and social factors, along with economic and technical considerations.
However, the traditional practices adopted by highway agencies with regards to
pavement management, have mostly consisted of employing life cycle costs analysis
(LCCA) systems to evaluate the overall long-term economic efficiency of competing
pavement design and maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) activity alternatives. This
way of supporting the decision-making process, as it relates to pavement management,
in which little or no importance is given to environmental considerations, does not seem
to be effective in advancing sustainability in pavement systems. In view of this, it is
clear there is an urgent need for pavement management decision-support systems
(DSSs), which, by integrating multi-disciplinary and complementary pavement life
cycle approaches, will enable the DMs to properly account for, consider and assess the
cumulative and long-term impacts of their decisions and practices regarding
sustainability goals and targets. This can only be achieved by employing techniques and
tools with a comprehensive and wide-scoped cradle-to-grave analysis capacity.
This thesis presents a project-level optimization-based pavement management DSS,
which includes several comprehensive stand-alone but logically interconnected
pavement life cycle approaches. The following appraisal methods are presented: a life
cycle assessment (LCA) model, a life cycle costs (LCC) model, an integrated LCCLCA
model, a single-objective life cycle optimization model and a multi-objective life
cycle optimization model.
Initially, individual pavement LCA and LCC models are developed to quantify the
environmental impacts and the costs incurred by highway agencies and road users throughout six pavement lifecycle phases: materials extraction and production,
construction and M&R; transportation of materials; work zone (WZ) traffic
management; usage; and end-of-life (EOL). Subsequently, a comprehensive and
integrated pavement LCC-LCA model is developed, in order to improve the consistency
between the system boundaries of the pavement life cycle when analyzed concomitantly
from the economic and environmental viewpoints.
In view of the progressive enhancement of the capability of analysis of the DSS, a
single-objective life cycle optimization model is developed to tackle the pavement
M&R strategy selection problem. The proposed approach relies on a non-linear discrete
optimization model that is solved through an Adaptive Hybrid Genetic Algorithm
(AHGA). The developed algorithm contains two dynamic learning mechanisms to
adaptively guide and combine the exploration and exploitation search processes. The
new AHGA is compared to a non-hybridized version of the GA by applying the
algorithms to several case studies with the objective of determining the best pavement
M&R strategy that minimizes the PV of the total M&R costs.
Finally, to enhance the prospect of simultaneous accomplishment of both cost and
environmental objectives, a multi-objective life cycle optimization methodology is
proposed. The methodology contains three main components: (1) a multi-objective
optimization (MOO) model; (2) a comprehensive and integrated pavement LCC-LCA
model; and (3) a decision-support module. The proposed multi-objective optimization
methodology is applied to determine the optimal M&R strategies for a flexible
pavement section of a highway which yields the best tradeoff between the following
three, often conflicting, objectives: (1) minimization of the PV of the total life cycle
highway agency costs (LCHAC); (2) minimization of the PV of the life cycle road user
costs (LCRUC); and (3) minimization of the life cycle environmental impacts (LCEI).
All the pavement life cycle approaches are applied to either real or academic case
studies based on highway agencies’ real practices, which, in addition to meeting the
technical requirements, strive to enhance pavement sustainability by providing potential
LCHAC and LCRUC savings and reduced environmental impacts. The results show the usefulness of the pavement life cycle-based methodologies integrating the DSS as
viable tools to help highway agencies and DMs in making decisions that are more
sustainable for meeting the cumulative and long-term economic and environmental
goals and targets.<br>FCT - SFRH/BD/79982/2011
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"A Bayesian Network Approach to Early Reliability Assessment of Complex Systems." Doctoral diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.38656.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: Bayesian networks are powerful tools in system reliability assessment due to their flexibility in modeling the reliability structure of complex systems. This dissertation develops Bayesian network models for system reliability analysis through the use of Bayesian inference techniques.
Bayesian networks generalize fault trees by allowing components and subsystems to be related by conditional probabilities instead of deterministic relationships; thus, they provide analytical advantages to the situation when the failure structure is not well understood, especially during the product design stage. In order to tackle this problem, one needs to utilize auxiliary information such as the reliability information from similar products and domain expertise. For this purpose, a Bayesian network approach is proposed to incorporate data from functional analysis and parent products. The functions with low reliability and their impact on other functions in the network are identified, so that design changes can be suggested for system reliability improvement.
A complex system does not necessarily have all components being monitored at the same time, causing another challenge in the reliability assessment problem. Sometimes there are a limited number of sensors deployed in the system to monitor the states of some components or subsystems, but not all of them. Data simultaneously collected from multiple sensors on the same system are analyzed using a Bayesian network approach, and the conditional probabilities of the network are estimated by combining failure information and expert opinions at both system and component levels. Several data scenarios with discrete, continuous and hybrid data (both discrete and continuous data) are analyzed. Posterior distributions of the reliability parameters of the system and components are assessed using simultaneous data.
Finally, a Bayesian framework is proposed to incorporate different sources of prior information and reconcile these different sources, including expert opinions and component information, in order to form a prior distribution for the system. Incorporating expert opinion in the form of pseudo-observations substantially simplifies statistical modeling, as opposed to the pooling techniques and supra Bayesian methods used for combining prior distributions in the literature.
The methods proposed are demonstrated with several case studies.<br>Dissertation/Thesis<br>Doctoral Dissertation Industrial Engineering 2016
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Rokneddin, Keivan. "RELIABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT OF NETWORKED URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS UNDER NATURAL HAZARDS." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/72034.
Full textAbstract:
Modern societies increasingly depend on the reliable functioning of urban infrastructure systems in the aftermath of natural disasters such as hurricane and earthquake events. Apart from a sizable capital for maintenance and expansion, the reliable performance of infrastructure systems under extreme hazards also requires strategic planning and effective resource assignment. Hence, efficient system reliability and risk assessment methods are needed to provide insights to system stakeholders to understand infrastructure performance under different hazard scenarios and accordingly make informed decisions in response to them. Moreover, efficient assignment of limited financial and human resources for maintenance and retrofit actions requires new methods to identify critical system components under extreme events.
Infrastructure systems such as highway bridge networks are spatially distributed systems with many linked components. Therefore, network models describing them as mathematical graphs with nodes and links naturally apply to study their performance. Owing to their complex topology, general system reliability methods are ineffective to evaluate the reliability of large infrastructure systems. This research develops computationally efficient methods such as a modified Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulations algorithm for network reliability, and proposes a network reliability framework (BRAN: Bridge Reliability Assessment in Networks) that is applicable to large and complex highway bridge systems. Since the response of system components to hazard scenario events are often correlated, the BRAN framework enables accounting for correlated component failure probabilities stemming from different correlation sources. Failure correlations from non-hazard sources are particularly emphasized, as they potentially have a significant impact on network reliability estimates, and yet they have often been ignored or only partially considered in the literature of infrastructure system reliability.
The developed network reliability framework is also used for probabilistic risk assessment, where network reliability is assigned as the network performance metric. Risk analysis studies may require prohibitively large number of simulations for large and complex infrastructure systems, as they involve evaluating the network reliability for multiple hazard scenarios. This thesis addresses this challenge by developing network surrogate models by statistical learning tools such as random forests. The surrogate models can replace network reliability simulations in a risk analysis framework, and significantly reduce computation times. Therefore, the proposed approach provides an alternative to the established methods to enhance the computational efficiency of risk assessments, by developing a surrogate model of the complex system at hand rather than reducing the number of analyzed hazard scenarios by either hazard consistent scenario generation or importance sampling. Nevertheless, the application of surrogate models can be combined with scenario reduction methods to improve even further the analysis efficiency.
To address the problem of prioritizing system components for maintenance and retrofit actions, two advanced metrics are developed in this research to rank the criticality of system components. Both developed metrics combine system component fragilities with the topological characteristics of the network, and provide rankings which are either conditioned on specific hazard scenarios or probabilistic, based on the preference of infrastructure system stakeholders. Nevertheless, they both offer enhanced efficiency and practical applicability compared to the existing methods.
The developed frameworks for network reliability evaluation, risk assessment, and component prioritization are intended to address important gaps in the state-of-the-art management and planning for infrastructure systems under natural hazards. Their application can enhance public safety by informing the decision making process for expansion, maintenance, and retrofit actions for infrastructure systems.
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"Strategic noise and ecological assessment of road network using GIS." 2002. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5891140.
Full textAbstract:
by Shu-Pan Yu.<br>Thesis submitted in: November 2001.<br>Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>Abstracts in English and Chinese.<br>ABSTRACT --- p.I<br>ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.V<br>TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.VI<br>LIST OF FIGURES --- p.IX<br>LIST OF TABLES --- p.X<br>LIST OF PLATES --- p.X<br>ABBREVIATIONS --- p.XI<br>Chapter CHAPTER 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.2 --- Objective --- p.2<br>Chapter 1.3 --- Environmental Impact Assessment of Roads --- p.3<br>Chapter CHAPTER 2. --- BACKGROUND TO STUDY --- p.8<br>Chapter 2.1. --- Introduction --- p.8<br>Chapter 2.2. --- Road SEA VIS-A-VIZ Project EIA --- p.8<br>Chapter 2.2.1 --- Introduction and Definition of SEA of Road Network --- p.8<br>Chapter 2.2.2 --- SEA as an Improvement on EIA system --- p.9<br>Chapter 2.2.3. --- The Environmental Indicators of Road Project EIA and SEA --- p.13<br>Chapter 2.2.4. --- SEA Approaches --- p.15<br>Chapter 2.2.5. --- The SEA Process --- p.15<br>Chapter 2.3. --- Methodologies and Tools for SEA --- p.18<br>Chapter 2.3.1. --- Needs for Tailor-made SEA Tools --- p.19<br>Chapter 2.3.2 --- Desirable Attributes of SEA Assessment Tools --- p.20<br>Chapter 2.4. --- Difficulties and Constraints of Road Building in Hong Kong --- p.21<br>Chapter 2.4.1. --- Traffic Noise Problems in Hong Kong --- p.22<br>Chapter 2.4.2. --- Noise Emission vs Noise Immission Assessment --- p.23<br>Chapter 2.4.3. --- Ecological Resources in Hong Kong --- p.26<br>Chapter 2.5. --- Environmental Assessment Systems in Hong Kong --- p.28<br>Chapter 2.5.1 --- Noise Assessment in Project EIAs --- p.28<br>Chapter 2.5.2 --- Difficulties in Transposing Project EIA Noise Prediction Methodology to SEA --- p.29<br>Chapter 2.5.3 --- Road Project Ecological Assessment --- p.30<br>Chapter 2.5.4 --- Need for Proactive Nature Conservation --- p.30<br>Chapter 2.5.5 --- SEA Systems in Hong Kong --- p.31<br>Chapter 2.6. --- Use of Geographical Information System (GIS) as a Platform --- p.35<br>Chapter 2.6.1 --- Potentials and Advantages of GIS Approach --- p.36<br>Chapter 2.6.2 --- Limitations of GIS --- p.40<br>Chapter 2.7. --- Summary --- p.42<br>Chapter CHAPTER 3. --- ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY --- p.44<br>Chapter 3.1. --- Introduction --- p.44<br>Chapter 3.2. --- Noise Impacts --- p.44<br>Chapter 3.2.1. --- Previous Overseas Experience of Strategic Noise Assessment Using GIS --- p.44<br>Chapter 3.2.2. --- Development of An Appropriate Assessment Methodology for Hong Kong --- p.48<br>Chapter 3.3. --- Ecological Impacts --- p.68<br>Chapter 3.3.1. --- Past Experience of Strategic Ecological Assessment (SEcA) Using GIS --- p.70<br>Chapter 3.3.2. --- Assessment Methodology of Strategic Ecological Assessment --- p.72<br>Chapter 3.4. --- Land Acquisition Assessment --- p.78<br>Chapter 3.4.1. --- Assessment Method --- p.79<br>Chapter 3.5. --- Summary --- p.79<br>Chapter CHAPTER 4. --- SYSTEM DESIGN --- p.81<br>Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.81<br>Chapter 4.2 --- System Overview --- p.81<br>Chapter 4.2.1 --- Functions of the System --- p.84<br>Chapter 4.2.2 --- Design Features of the System --- p.84<br>Chapter 4.3 --- System Software --- p.87<br>Chapter 4.4 --- System Structure --- p.88<br>Chapter 4.4.1 --- Base Maps Insertion --- p.88<br>Chapter 4.4.2 --- Traffic Data Input --- p.92<br>Chapter 4.4.3 --- Noise Assessment --- p.93<br>Chapter 4.4.4 --- Ecological Assessment --- p.105<br>Chapter 4.4.5 --- Land Acquisition Assessment --- p.111<br>Chapter 4.4.6 --- Summary of Overall Impacts --- p.113<br>Chapter 4.4.7 --- Comparison of Options --- p.114<br>Chapter 4.5 --- Summary --- p.115<br>Chapter CHAPTER 5. --- APPLICATION OF THE SYSTEM : A PILOT STUDY --- p.116<br>Chapter 5.1. --- Introduction --- p.116<br>Chapter 5.2. --- The Crosslinks Project --- p.116<br>Chapter 5.2.1. --- The Project Area - North-west New Territories --- p.117<br>Chapter 5.2.1.1. --- Urban Development in the NWNT --- p.118<br>Chapter 5.2.1.2. --- Ecological Habitats of the NWNT --- p.119<br>Chapter 5.3. --- Execution of the Pilot Study --- p.119<br>Chapter 5.4. --- Results and Discussions --- p.125<br>Chapter 5.4.1. --- Environmental Assessment of the Crosslinks Project --- p.125<br>Chapter 5.4.2. --- Assessment of Alternative Options --- p.133<br>Chapter 5.4.3. --- Experience Learned from the Pilot Study --- p.147<br>Chapter 5.5. --- Summary --- p.148<br>Chapter CHAPTER 6. --- CONCLUSION --- p.149<br>Chapter 6.1. --- Design Concepts and Features --- p.149<br>Chapter 6.2. --- Limitations of the System --- p.153<br>Chapter 6.3. --- Further Research --- p.154<br>REFERENCES --- p.156<br>APPENDICES --- p.166<br>APPEMDIXI NOISE ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY --- p.167<br>"APPENDIX II R(A), R(B), R(C) NOISE ATTENUATION PATTERNS" --- p.171<br>APPENDIX III PUBLICAHONS --- p.175
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Martins, Henrique da Silva Bernardes Camello. "Implementation of next generation PON : options and feasibility assessment." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/29166.
Full textAbstract:
This document presents the developed work, in the scope of the implementation
of next generation passive optical networks (PON), options and
feasibility assessment. With the development of the Fifth Generation of
Mobile Networks (5G), new challenges arose for PON networks, namely: a
cost competitive solution, with bit rates of 25 Gbps and 50 Gbps. Through
time, the growth and increase of quality of service to the final consumer
have been pushing the necessity of development of new solutions and
technologies related to PON networks. Considering several aspects such
as: increase of bit rates, cost minimization and coexistence with previous
technologies, NG-PON2 (Next Generation Passive Optical Network 2) was
created and developed.
Therefore, this thesis focus on the study of proposed 25 Gbps implementations,
simulating different technological approaches, for the
transmitter, involving EML (Externally Modulated Laser) and DML (Directly
Modulated Laser), and receivers, PIN (Positive Intrinsic Negative)
and APD (Avalanche Photodiode). Thus, the limits and advantages of
each solution were accessed. The modeling of real 25 Gbps receivers was
made, with success. Additionally, a study of NG-PON2 was conducted
and laboratory tests were done involving transceivers of this technology.
Finally, a characterization of a SFP28 transceiver was made, this one with
a characteristic bit rate of 25Gbps.
This work, demonstrates the viability of the use of O-band wavelengths
and DML transmitters with bit rate of 25 Gbps and SMF (Single
Mode Fiber) reach of 40 km. Highlighting the importance of the biasing
and modulation currents and ER (Extinction Ratio), in the performance
optimization. Also the laboratory characterization of a SFP28 transceiver
was done with success.<br>Este documento apresenta o trabalho realizado, no âmbito da implementação
de redes óticas passivas (PON) de próxima geração, opções
tecnológicas e avaliação de viabilidade. Com o desenvolvimento da Quinta
Geração de Redes Móveis (5G), surgiram novos desafios para as redes
PON, nomeadamente: uma implementação de custo competitivo, com
ritmos de transmissão a tender para 25 Gbps e 50 Gbps. Ao longo do
tempo, o crescimento e aumento da qualidade de serviços tem implicado
a necessidade de desenvolvimento de novas soluções e tecnologias em
redes PON. Tendo em vista vários aspetos como: o aumento do ritmo
de transmissão, minimização do custo e coexistência com tecnologias
anteriores, a norma NG-PON2 (Next Generation Passive Optical Network
2) foi criada e desenvolvida.
No seguimento, esta dissertação foca-se no estudo de implementações
de PON a 25 Gbps, com a simulação de diferentes tecnologias para os
transmissores, nomeadamente EML (Externally Modulated Laser), DML
(Directly Modulated Laser) e recetores, PIN (Positive Intrinsic Negative)
e APD (Avalanche Photodiode). Desta maneira, pretendeu-se entender
os limites e vantagens de cada opção. A modelização de recetores reais
para 25 Gbps, foi feito com sucesso. Adicionalmente fez-se um estudo da
tecnologia NG-PON2 e testes laboratoriais com transceivers da mesma. Por
fim realizou-se a caracterização de um transceiver SFP28, com ritmo de
transmissão de 25Gbps.
Este trabalho demonstra a viabilidade do uso de comprimentos de
onda da O-band e transmissores DML a velocidades de 25 Gbps com alcance
de 40 km de SMF (Single Mode Fiber). Demonstrando a importância
da escolha de parâmetros como as correntes de polarização e modulação e
ER (Extintion Ratio), para otimização do desempenho do sistema. Também
se caracterizou laboratorialmente, com sucesso, um transceiver SFP28.<br>Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrónica e Telecomunicações
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I-ChunSun and 孫翊淳. "Development of Artificial Neural Network Based Status Monitoring Systems for Tool Condition Assessment of CNC Millers." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7h2rzc.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>機械工程學系<br>107<br>Machine tools play key roles in modern manufacturing industry. The quality of machined products are largely depended on the status of machines in various aspects. As a result, appropriate condition monitoring would be essential for both quality control and life assessment. With recent advancement of computer science, artificial intelligence (AI) becomes an alternative choice for establishing diagnostic model. AI provides a decision-making system by using multiple sensor features to predict the states of machines, especially for the machines without physical model. While many research works focus on the adjustment of model parameters or trying different algorithm to improve accuracy, the domain knowledge of machine failures is rarely studied. As a result, an artificial neural network based status monitoring system which is combined with comprehensive investigation of sensor features should be developed. Moreover, for modern machine tools, high ratio of down time is attributed to tool failure. In addition, the complexity of machining operation makes development of a model which can universally applied to different operations by curve fitting difficult. Hence, tool condition assessment is taken as a scenario in this work. For achieving above addressed goal, the experimental system must be setup first. For establishing a low cost wireless communication system, a four channels data transmission module based on Arduino board and Bluetooth is developed. Meanwhile, to access cutting tool condition from physical signal, the multi-sensor environment and data acquisition system are configured. In addition, the signal processing and feature extraction schemes are also addressed. Meanwhile, to obtain the corresponding domain knowledge of tool failure, a number of machining experiments are designed and executed. Through the effort of investigating the relation between tool conditions and sensor indexes by sensor index evaluation, six indexes which are more sensitive to tool condition can be listed to initially establish a diagnostic process. Finally, a multilayer perceptron (MLP) model is adopted to carry out condition assessment, and three models trained by different input features are compared to examine the feasibility of integrating domain knowledge and AI. In the near future, with more data collected, it is expected that more sophisticated models would be developed for better predicting the tool condition. Meanwhile, this concept can be further applied to other sub-systems which are also lack of physical models for establishing status diagnostic model to enhance the manufacturing reliability.
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Kabir, Sohag, M. Taleb-Berrouane, and Y. Papadopoulos. "Dynamic reliability assessment of flare systems by combining fault tree analysis and Bayesian networks." 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17424.
Full textAbstract:
Yes<br>Flaring is a combustion process commonly used in the oil and gas industry to dispose flammable waste gases. Flare flameout occurs when these gases escape unburnt from the flare tip causing the discharge of flammable and/or toxic vapor clouds. The toxic gases released during this process have the potential to initiate safety hazards and cause serious harm to the ecosystem and human health. Flare flameout could be caused by environmental conditions, equipment failure, and human error. However, to better understand the causes of flare flameout, a rigorous analysis of the behavior of flare systems under failure conditions is required. In this article, we used fault tree analysis (FTA) and the dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) to assess the reliability of flare systems. In this study, we analyzed 40 different combinations of basic events that can cause flare flameout to determine the event with the highest impact on system failure. In the quantitative analysis, we use both constant and time-dependent failure rates of system components. The results show that combining these two approaches allows for robust probabilistic reasoning on flare system reliability, which can help improving the safety and asset integrity of process facilities. The proposed DBN model constitutes a significant step to improve the safety and reliability of flare systems in the oil and gas industry.
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Сербичанський, Сергій Миколайович, та Serhii Mykolayovych Serbychanskyi. "Побудова мережевої системи безпеки ТОВ «Будмонтажсервіс 1»". Bachelor's thesis, 2021. http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/lib/35521.
Full textAbstract:
Кваліфікаційна робота присвячена побудові мережевої системи безпеки, використовуючи сучасні методи апаратно-програмного захисту, а також організаційні заходи. В роботі проаналізовано джерела загроз та розглянуто етапи створення систем мережевої безпеки. При дослідженні мережевих систем було проведено аналіз технічних та організаційних заходів і програмних рішень.
В роботі проаналізовано діяльність підприємства, обрано найважливіші дані, що потребують посиленого захисту. Виявлено найбільші вразливості в системі (помилки персоналу, фізична безпека пристроїв, атаки ззовні) та обрано методи протидії. Доведена доцільність використання обраних програмно-апаратних засобів.<br>Qualification work is devoted to the construction of a network security system, using modern methods of hardware and software protection, as well as organizational measures. The sources of threats are analyzed and the stages of creation of network security systems are considered. In the study of network systems, an analysis of technical and organizational measures and software solutions was performed.
The work analyzes the activities of the enterprise, selected the most important data that require enhanced protection. The biggest vulnerabilities in the system were identified (personnel errors, physical security of devices, external attacks) and methods of counteraction were chosen. The expediency of using the selected software and hardware is proved.<br>ВСТУП .... 7
1 ОГЛЯД МЕРЕЖЕВИХ СИСТЕМ БЕЗПЕКИ ... 10
1.1 Призначення мережевих систем ... 10
1.2 Джерело загрози ...11
1.3 Типи загроз ... 13
1.4 Етапи створення систем забезпечення безпеки ... 17
2 ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ОБ’ЄКТА ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ... 21
2.1 Огляд існуючих технічних та організаційних засобів та програмних рішень мережевих систем безпеки .... 21
2.2 Аналіз діяльності підприємства .... 29
2.3 Розгорнута постановка завдання ... 35
3 ПОБУДОВА МЕРЕЖЕВОЇ СИСТЕМИ БЕЗПЕКИ ... 38
3.1 Розробка політик безпеки ....38
3.2 Програмно-апаратні засоби для побудови захищеної системи ....42
3.3 Впровадження системи в промислову експлуатацію .... 49
4 БЕЗПЕКА ЖИТТЄДІЯЛЬНОСТІ, ОСНОВИ ХОРОНИ ПРАЦІ ...51 4.1 Ергономічні аспекти безпеки життєдіяльності .... 51
4.2 Психологічні чинники небезпеки ... 54
4.4 Висновок до розділу безпека життєдіяльності та основи охорони праці 55
ВИСНОВКИ .... 56
СПИСОК ВИКОРАСТАНИХ ДЖЕРЕЛ ... 57