Academic literature on the topic 'Neuengamme (Concentration camp)'

Dit artikel behandelt de raakpunten tussen de levensloop van twee Vlamingen. Gemeenzame ervaringen, parallelle ideologische ontwikkelingen en persoonlijke contacten vormen het onderwerp van ons onderzoek. Hierdoor wordt een onbekende en tevens diep menselijke episode van de Vlaamse beweging aan het licht gebracht.Beide protagonisten van dit relaas werden in 1898 op Vlaamse grond geboren, beide waren gevoelig voor de onrechtmatige behandeling van het Vlaamse volk door de franssprekende elite, en tijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog zetten beide zich in voor de Vlaamse zaak. Als gevolg werden ze zwaar getroffen door de naoorlogse repressie. Van de Poel vond toevlucht in Nederland waar hij zijn studies voleindigde en een loopbaan aanvatte in de journalistiek. Van Roosbroeck daarentegen stortte zich in het politieke leven en ondernam universitaire studies in de geschiedenis. Terwijl Van de Poel zich journalistisch toelegde op de soms gespannen verhouding tussen Nederland en België, concentreerde Van Roosbroeck zich veel meer op verslaggeving over internationale betrekkingen.Tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog namen de wegen van de twee echter plots een sterk uiteenlopende richting: Van de Poel moest meer dan twee jaar doorbrengen in het concentratiekamp Neuengamme bij Hamburg, terwijl Van Roosbroeck lid werd van de Vlaamse SS en in diepe collaboratie verzeilde. Na de oorlog zocht ook hij toevlucht in Nederland en woonde zeven jaar lang ondergedoken bij Van de Poel in Breda. In die tijd publiceerde hij enkel onder pseudoniemen.________Common ground between two careers in journalism: Albert Van de Poel and Rob Van RoosbroeckThis article deals with the common ground between the careers of two Flemings. Common experiences, parallel ideological developments and personal contacts constitute the subject of our research. This sheds light on a previously unknown and at the same time very human episode of the Flemish movement.Both protagonists in this story were born on Flemish territory in 1898; both were sensitive to the unfair treatment of the Flemish people by the French speaking elite, and during the First World War both dedicated themselves to the Flemish cause.Consequently they both suffered severely during the post-war repression. Van de Poel found a refuge in the Netherlands where he completed his studies and started a career in journalism. Van Roosbroeck on the other hand, launched himself into political life and took university courses in history. Whilst Van de Poel specialised his journalistic interests in the tense relationship between the Netherlands and Belgium, Van Roosbroeck, on the other hand, concentrated more on reporting on international relationships.During the Second World War, however, their paths suddenly took very divergent directions: Van de Poel had to spend more than two years in the concentration camp Neuengamme near Hamburg, whilst Van Roosbroeck became a member of the Flemish SS and became deeply involved in collaboration. After the war he also fled to the Netherlands and for seven years he went into hiding with Van de Poel in Breda. During that period he only published under a pen name.

Despite serious attention to the issues of war crimes and crimes against humanity, committed on an unprecedented scale in concentration camps in Nazi Germany, the problem of medical experiments on prisoners appears to be one of the least-studied in modern Russian historiography. Moreover, no special attention was paid to testing chemical weapons on humans. The aim of this work is to review the history of the development and testing of chemical warfare agents (CWA) in Germany in 1933–1945. During the First World War, Germany was one of the leading countries in the sphere of military chemistry in the world. After the Versailles treaty this potential was largely lost as a result of the restrictions. After the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP) came to power, Germany not only restored, but also increased its military power and achieved a qualitative superiority over its opponents in the field of chemical weapons. The tests of CWA, as well as the study of the effectiveness of the means and protocols for the treatment of the lesions caused by CWA, were carried out both by the military structures of the Wehrmacht and the SS, and by civilian research and academic institutions. Experiments on prisoners were carried out in the concentration camps of Dachau, Ravensbrück, Auschwitz-Birkenau, Buchenwald, Sachsenhausen, Natzweiler-Struthof, Neuengamme, etc. Basically, the damaging effects of sulfur mustard and phosgene was investigated. In Auschwitz-Birkenau «a study of the action of various chemical preparations was carried out on the orders of German firms». After the war several SS doctors, who performed involuntary experiments on humans, were convicted by military tribunals for war crimes and crimes against humanity. Seven doctors were sentenced to death and executed on June 2, 1948, at the prison for war criminals in Landsberg, Bavaria. As a result of the Nuremberg trials, the Nuremberg Code was drawn up. It was the first international document that introduced ethical standards for scientists engaged in experiments on humans. It consisted of 10 principles, including the necessity of voluntary informed consent of the patient for the participation in medical experiments after providing him with full information about the nature, duration and purpose of the experiment; on the methods of its implementation; about all the perceived inconveniences and dangers associated with the experiment, and, finally, the possible consequences for the physical or mental health of the subject, which may arise as a result of his participation in the experiment.

Texte remanié de: Diss.--Fachbereich Philosophie und Sozialwissenschaften--Hamburg--Universität, 1989. Titre de soutenance : Die wirtschaftlichen Bestrebungen der SS und ihre Auswirkungen auf die Existenzbedingungen der KZ-Häftlinge.
Bibliogr. p. 488-497. Index.

Abstract The Murders at Bullenhuser Damm is a documentary account, painstakingly assembled by a West German journalist, of the hanging of twenty Jewish children between the ages of five and twelve in an auxiliary’ camp of Neuengamme concentration camp near Hamburg during the closing days of World War 11. The accused killers, SS guards, officers, and doctors, called their activity “obeying orders from above.” We would call it “concealing the evidence” of some of the most bizarre and senseless medical experiments ever performed on human subjects in the name of scientific progress during the melancholy years of the Third Reich. The details of the experiments, their consequences, and the fate of the young victims make sad but compelling reading. But the real value of this important book is the insights it gives us into the minds of the killers, ordinary men of no singular ability who gain our attention because they were powerful and willing enough to murder, without compunction or demurral, little Jewish children.

Abstract Even the need to commemorate the victims of the Holocaust and National Socialist brutality has been, and still is, disputed in Germany. The difficult search for an adequate medium to articulate memories reflects the ambivalence of German memory itself. Memorials, and monuments even more, traditionally act as legitimizing devices celebrating national achievements; as James E. Young discusses here, this creates particular problems for a nation seeking to commemorate the millions of victims of its own acts in the past.[N]o one takes their memorials more seriously than the Germans. Competitions are held almost monthly across the ‘Fatherland’ for new memorials against war and fascism, or for peace; or to mark a site of destruction, deportation, or a missing synagogue; or to remember a lost Jewish community. Students devote their summers to concentration camp archaeology at Neuengamme, excavating artifacts from another, crueler age.