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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Neural Correlates of Consciousness (NCC)

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Academic literature on the topic 'Neural Correlates of Consciousness (NCC)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Neural Correlates of Consciousness (NCC)"

1

Northoff, Georg, Naotsugu Tsuchiya, and Hayato Saigo. "Mathematics and the Brain: A Category Theoretical Approach to Go Beyond the Neural Correlates of Consciousness." Entropy 21, no. 12 (2019): 1234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21121234.

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Consciousness is a central issue in neuroscience, however, we still lack a formal framework that can address the nature of the relationship between consciousness and its physical substrates. In this review, we provide a novel mathematical framework of category theory (CT), in which we can define and study the sameness between different domains of phenomena such as consciousness and its neural substrates. CT was designed and developed to deal with the relationships between various domains of phenomena. We introduce three concepts of CT which include (i) category; (ii) inclusion functor and expansion functor; and, most importantly, (iii) natural transformation between the functors. Each of these mathematical concepts is related to specific features in the neural correlates of consciousness (NCC). In this novel framework, we will examine two of the major theories of consciousness, integrated information theory (IIT) of consciousness and temporospatial theory of consciousness (TTC). We conclude that CT, especially the application of the notion of natural transformation, highlights that we need to go beyond NCC and unravels questions that need to be addressed by any future neuroscientific theory of consciousness.

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2

Degn Pedersen, Anders. "HJERNEN, BEVIDSTHEDEN OG ZENONS PARADOKS." Psyke & Logos 25, no. 2 (2004): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/pl.v25i2.8697.

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I neurovidenskaberne forstås bevidsthedsbegrebet almindeligvis inden for paradigmet ”Neural Correlates of Consciousness” (NCC). Denne artikel kritiserer NCC-paradigmets grundlæggende antagelser om forholdet mellem organismen, dens mentale tilstande og omverdenen. Bestræbelsen på at finde minimale neurale strukturer tilstrækkelige for bevidsthed, er sammenlignelig med at løse paradokset om Akilleus og skildpadden på Zenons betingelser; hvilket som bekendt er udsigtsløst. Som alternativ til NCC-paradigmet foreslås det, at den neurovidenskabelige bevidsthedsforskning lader sig styre af spørgsmål om, hvordan hjernen og forskellige hjerneområder er involveret i realiseringen af hele organismens mangeartede aktiviteter i miljøet. Bevidsthed er knyttet til disse fuldblodede aktiviteter, og ikke alene til processer i minimale neurale strukturer.

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3

Miller, Steven M. "On the correlation/constitution distinction problem (and other hard problems) in the scientific study of consciousness." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 19, no. 3 (2007): 159–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5215.2007.00207.x.

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Objective:In the past decade, much has been written about ‘the hard problem’ of consciousness in the philosophy of mind. However, a separate hard problem faces the scientific study of consciousness. The problem arises when distinguishing the neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) and the neural constitution of consciousness. Here, I explain this correlation/constitution distinction and the problem it poses for a science of phenomenal consciousness. I also discuss potential objections to the problem, outline further hard problems in the scientific study of phenomenal consciousness and consider the ontological implications of these epistemological issues.Methods:Scientific and philosophic analysis and discussion are presented.Results:The correlation/constitution distinction does indeed present a hard problem in the scientific study of phenomenal consciousness. Refinement of the ‘NCC’ acronym is proposed so that this distinction may at least be acknowledged in the literature. Furthermore, in addition to the problem posed by this distinction and to ‘the hard problem’, the scientific study of phenomenal consciousness also faces several other hard problems.Conclusion:In light of the multiple hard problems, it is concluded that scientists and philosophers of consciousness ought to (i) address, analyze and discuss the problems in the hope of discovering their solution or dissolution and (ii) consider the implications of some or all of them being intractable. With respect to the latter, it is argued that ultimate epistemic limits in the study of phenomenal consciousness pose no threat to physicalist or materialist ontologies but do inform our understanding of consciousness and its place in nature.

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4

Sattin, Davide, Francesca Giulia Magnani, Laura Bartesaghi, et al. "Theoretical Models of Consciousness: A Scoping Review." Brain Sciences 11, no. 5 (2021): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11050535.

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The amount of knowledge on human consciousness has created a multitude of viewpoints and it is difficult to compare and synthesize all the recent scientific perspectives. Indeed, there are many definitions of consciousness and multiple approaches to study the neural correlates of consciousness (NCC). Therefore, the main aim of this article is to collect data on the various theories of consciousness published between 2007–2017 and to synthesize them to provide a general overview of this topic. To describe each theory, we developed a thematic grid called the dimensional model, which qualitatively and quantitatively analyzes how each article, related to one specific theory, debates/analyzes a specific issue. Among the 1130 articles assessed, 85 full texts were included in the prefinal step. Finally, this scoping review analyzed 68 articles that described 29 theories of consciousness. We found heterogeneous perspectives in the theories analyzed. Those with the highest grade of variability are as follows: subjectivity, NCC, and the consciousness/cognitive function. Among sub-cortical structures, thalamus, basal ganglia, and the hippocampus were the most indicated, whereas the cingulate, prefrontal, and temporal areas were the most reported for cortical ones also including the thalamo-cortical system. Moreover, we found several definitions of consciousness and 21 new sub-classifications.

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5

MOVSHON, J. ANTHONY. "Three comments on Teller’s “bridge locus”." Visual Neuroscience 30, no. 5-6 (2013): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523813000527.

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AbstractThe notion of a set of neurons that form a “bridge locus” serving as the immediate substrate of visual perception is examined in the light of evidence on the architecture of the visual pathway, of current thinking about perceptual representations, and of the basis of perceptual awareness. The bridge locus is likely to be part of a tangled web of representations, and this complexity raises the question of whether another scheme that relies less on geography might offer a better framework. The bridge locus bears a close relationship to the neural correlate of consciousness (NCC), and like the NCC may be a concept which is no longer precise enough to provide a useful basis for reasoning about the relationship between brain activity and perceptual experience.

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6

Mallatt, Jon. "A Traditional Scientific Perspective on the Integrated Information Theory of Consciousness." Entropy 23, no. 6 (2021): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23060650.

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This paper assesses two different theories for explaining consciousness, a phenomenon that is widely considered amenable to scientific investigation despite its puzzling subjective aspects. I focus on Integrated Information Theory (IIT), which says that consciousness is integrated information (as ϕMax) and says even simple systems with interacting parts possess some consciousness. First, I evaluate IIT on its own merits. Second, I compare it to a more traditionally derived theory called Neurobiological Naturalism (NN), which says consciousness is an evolved, emergent feature of complex brains. Comparing these theories is informative because it reveals strengths and weaknesses of each, thereby suggesting better ways to study consciousness in the future. IIT’s strengths are the reasonable axioms at its core; its strong logic and mathematical formalism; its creative “experience-first” approach to studying consciousness; the way it avoids the mind-body (“hard”) problem; its consistency with evolutionary theory; and its many scientifically testable predictions. The potential weakness of IIT is that it contains stretches of logic-based reasoning that were not checked against hard evidence when the theory was being constructed, whereas scientific arguments require such supporting evidence to keep the reasoning on course. This is less of a concern for the other theory, NN, because it incorporated evidence much earlier in its construction process. NN is a less mature theory than IIT, less formalized and quantitative, and less well tested. However, it has identified its own neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) and offers a roadmap through which these NNCs may answer the questions of consciousness using the hypothesize-test-hypothesize-test steps of the scientific method.

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7

Metzger, Brian A., Kyle E. Mathewson, Evelina Tapia, Monica Fabiani, Gabriele Gratton, and Diane M. Beck. "Regulating the Access to Awareness: Brain Activity Related to Probe-related and Spontaneous Reversals in Binocular Rivalry." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 29, no. 6 (2017): 1089–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01104.

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Research on the neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) has implicated an assortment of brain regions, ERP components, and network properties associated with visual awareness. Recently, the P3b ERP component has emerged as a leading NCC candidate. However, typical P3b paradigms depend on the detection of some stimulus change, making it difficult to separate brain processes elicited by the stimulus itself from those associated with updates or changes in visual awareness. Here we used binocular rivalry to ask whether the P3b is associated with changes in awareness even in the absence of changes in the object of awareness. We recorded ERPs during a probe-mediated binocular rivalry paradigm in which brief probes were presented over the image in either the suppressed or dominant eye to determine whether the elicited P3b activity is probe or reversal related. We found that the timing of P3b (but not its amplitude) was closely related to the timing of the report of a perceptual change rather than to the onset of the probe. This is consistent with the proposal that P3b indexes updates in conscious awareness, rather than being related to stimulus processing per se. Conversely, the probe-related P1 amplitude (but not its latency) was associated with reversal latency, suggesting that the degree to which the probe is processed increases the likelihood of a fast perceptual reversal. Finally, the response-locked P3b amplitude (but not its latency) was associated with the duration of an intermediate stage between reversals in which parts of both percepts coexist (piecemeal period). Together, the data suggest that the P3b reflects an update in consciousness and that the intensity of that process (as indexed by P3b amplitude) predicts how immediate that update is.

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8

Rees, Geraint. "Neural correlates of consciousness." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1296, no. 1 (2013): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12257.

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9

Mormann, Florian, and Christof Koch. "Neural correlates of consciousness." Scholarpedia 2, no. 12 (2007): 1740. http://dx.doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.1740.

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10

de Graaf, Tom A., Po-Jang Hsieh, and Alexander T. Sack. "The ‘correlates’ in neural correlates of consciousness." Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 36, no. 1 (2012): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.05.012.

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