Academic literature on the topic 'Neurodevelopment (NDD)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Neurodevelopment (NDD)"
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Carta, Alessandra, Ignazio R. Zarbo, Chiara Scoppola, et al. "Maternal multiple sclerosis is not a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring." Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical 7, no. 2 (2021): 205521732110173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20552173211017301.
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Background Childhood neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including specific learning disorders (SLD), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), are pathogenically linked to familial autoimmunity and maternal immune-mediated diseases during pregnancy. Objective We studied maternal MS as a potential risk factor for NDDs occurrence in offspring. Methods MS and control mothers were subjected to questionnaires to ascertain NDD diagnosis in their progeny and the occurrence of both autoimmune and neurodevelopment disorders in their families. Suspected NDD cases were evaluated to confirm or rule out the diagnosis. Results Of the 322 MS women, 206 (64%) have 361 children; of these, 27 (7.5%) were diagnosed with NDD (11% ADHD; 22% ASD; 67% SLD). NDD-risk in offspring was associated to family history of autoimmunity and to NDDs both in MS and non-MS mother families ( r = 0.75; p = 0.005) whereas it was not associated to maternal MS. Conclusions For the first time, we demonstrate that maternal MS does not predispose children to higher risk for NDD. On a mechanistic view, we suggest that the intrinsic organ-specific nature of MS does not impair the mother–child cross-talk in decidua nor does it influence fetal neurodevelopment.
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Colizzi, Marco, Marco Ciceri, Gianfranco Di Gennaro, et al. "Investigating Gait, Movement, and Coordination in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Is There a Role for Motor Abnormalities in Atypical Neurodevelopment?" Brain Sciences 10, no. 9 (2020): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10090601.
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Motor abnormalities have been suggested to play a role in most neuropsychiatric disorders, as a potential generic neurodevelopmental vulnerability. However, they still represent a neglected area, with a paucity of empirical studies, especially in pediatric populations. This case-control study aimed to comprehensively assess motor functioning in children with atypical neurodevelopment and investigate whether any socio-demographic or clinical characteristics would concur with motor difficulties to distinguish children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) from healthy controls. Socio-demographic (age and gender) and clinical (intelligence quotient, gait, movement, and coordination) data were collected on 114 children aged 5–15 (83 with NDD, 31 healthy controls). Male children were at significantly higher risk for NDD (OR: 13.023, p < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a statistically significant interaction between the total intelligence quotient and overall coordination such that increasing levels of total intelligence quotient appeared to protect against the likelihood of being diagnosed with an NDD, but only in the context of a preserved coordination (OR: 0.964, p = 0.038). Collectively, results may have important public health implications, as they point towards the development of new approaches to establish an early prognosis in neurodevelopment, including assessing motor difficulties and mitigating their impact on children’s quality of life.
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Verrall, Charlotte E., Gillian M. Blue, Alison Loughran-Fowlds, et al. "‘Big issues’ in neurodevelopment for children and adults with congenital heart disease." Open Heart 6, no. 2 (2019): e000998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2018-000998.
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It is established that neurodevelopmental disability (NDD) is common in neonates undergoing complex surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD); however, the trajectory of disability over the lifetime of individuals with CHD is unknown. Several ‘big issues’ remain undetermined and further research is needed in order to optimise patient care and service delivery, to assess the efficacy of intervention strategies and to promote best outcomes in individuals of all ages with CHD. This review article discusses ‘gaps’ in our knowledge of NDD in CHD and proposes future directions.
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Muñoz, Maribel, Adrianne Nelson, Maureen Johnson, et al. "Community-Based Needs Assessment of Neurodevelopment, Caregiver, and Home Environment Factors in Young Children Affected by HIV in Lima, Peru." Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC) 16, no. 2 (2016): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325957416631625.
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Background: In many resource-poor settings such as Peru, children affected by HIV have a high prevalence of neurodevelopmental delays (NDDs) and remain excluded from adequate treatment. Methods: Community health workers (CHWs) administered NDD screening instruments to assess child development and associated caregiver and household factors in 14 HIV-affected parent–child dyads. Focus group discussion with caregivers was conducted to explore their needs and behaviors around early child stimulation and to assess their perceptions of the screening experience. Results: Over 70% of the children had abnormal classification in at least 1 (out of 5) developmental domains according to Ages and States Questionnaire–provided cutoff scores. Caregiver depression and stress were associated with abnormal development as were some parenting behavior factors. Knowledge about child development was low. Caregivers felt testing and discussing results with a CHW were very insightful. Reported caregiver behavior differed between caregivers with HIV-infected children and those with uninfected children. Conclusion: Taken together, these exploratory quantitative data suggest that parenting behaviors associated with low child development scores may be modifiable and that community-based testing is well received and informative to these HIV-infected caregivers.
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Lance, Eboni I., Alicia D. Cannon, Bruce K. Shapiro, Michael V. Johnston, and James F. Casella. "Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (2019): 1016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-121968.
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Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) have an increased risk of neurological complications, including stroke, silent cerebral infarction, and cognitive deficits. Past research by others has also shown increased risk for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) in this population (PMID 19142770, 27038278). A previous study conducted by our group noted that only 22% of patients with SCD and NDD had a prior history of stroke (PMID 26149844). We investigated the prevalence and features of NDD in pediatric SCD through a retrospective chart review conducted between July 2017 and January 2019. The participants were patients with SCD identified from the Johns Hopkins Pediatric Hematology Harriet Lane Clinic roster and the Kennedy Krieger Institute medical records database. Children under 18 years of age with SCD were included in the study. A total of 396 patients were identified and reviewed for study inclusion. Analyses were completed using non-parametric tests (Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test, chi squared test) in Stata IC-13. Table 1 shows the characteristics of the clinic patient population. A total of 284 participants qualified for study inclusion and 78 participants (27%) were found to have various NDD. Children with SCD and NDD were more likely to have a history of seizure (OR=5.77, 95%CI:1.69-19.76, p<0.006), stroke (OR=5.12, 95%CI:2.4-10.92, p<0.001), dactylitis (OR=3.65, 95%CI:1.86-7.18, p<0.001), pain crises (OR=2.96, 95%CI:1.56-5.63, p<0.002), asthma (OR=2.46, 95%CI:1.38-4.36, p<0.003), headache (OR=2.44, 95%CI:1.04-5.7, p< 0.05), acute chest syndrome (OR=1.77, 95%CI:1.05-3, p<0.04), or priapism (male patients only, OR=6.48, 95%CI:1.59-26.42, p<0.01), in comparison to children with SCD without NDD. Children with SCD and NDD were more likely to have a history of hydroxyurea usage (OR=2.28, 95%CI:1.34-3.88, p<0.003), in comparison to children with SCD without NDD. Children with SCD and NDD had significantly higher odds of receiving school support (OR=9.34, 95%CI:4.68-18.64, p<0.001), in comparison to children with SCD without NDD. Figure 1 shows the prevalence of reported NDD in this clinic population. Table 2 shows the different subtypes of NDD in this clinic population. The most common NDD were language disorders and ADHD. Four (18%) of the children with language disorders had been seen by a speech and language pathologist at the hospital. There was no significant difference in the odds of having a history of stroke between children with a history of SCD and a language disorder and children with SCD without language/other NDD (OR=3.3, 95%CI:0.97-11.18, p=0.055). ADHD had a prevalence of 7% in this SCD clinic population. Eleven (52%) of the children with ADHD had been seen by a behavioral therapist. Eighteen (86%) children with ADHD had been seen by either a neurodevelopmental physician or pediatric neurologist. Of the children with SCD and ADHD, 13 (62%) were on an appropriate medication for ADHD, either a stimulant medication alone (57%), alpha agonist alone (5%), or both (5%). Children with SCD and ADHD had higher odds of having a stroke in comparison to children with SCD without NDD (OR=7.42, 95%CI:2.55-21.58, p<0.001). In conclusion, children with SCD and NDD have higher odds of having certain disease-related complications and higher use of disease modifying treatments than children with SCD who do not have NDD. The higher use of disease-modifying treatments could be due to the association of the NDD with SCD-related complications and the need to provide these children with a higher level of care. We cannot determine causal or temporal relationships between these NDD and SCD-related complications from this research. Screening and diagnoses of NDD may be relevant to clinical management of pediatric SCD. Disclosures Lance: NIH: Research Funding; KKI: Research Funding. Shapiro:HRSA: Other: Training Grant; Mutual Funds: Other: may invest in health care organizations; Baltimore City Health Department: Consultancy; Maternal and Child Health Bureau: Other: Training Grant. Casella:Immunoarray Ltd.: Patents & Royalties; Mast Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; NIH: Research Funding.
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Bitta, Mary A., Patricia Kipkemoi, Symon M. Kariuki, et al. "Validity and reliability of the Neurodevelopmental Screening Tool (NDST) in screening for neurodevelopmental disorders in children living in rural Kenyan coast." Wellcome Open Research 6 (June 2, 2021): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16765.1.
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Background: There are no data on the precise burden of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) in Africa, despite high incidence of risk factors. Ten Questions Questionnaire (TQQ) has been used extensively in Africa to screen neurological impairments but not autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD). The Neurodevelopmental Screening Tool (NDST) has reliably assessed NDD in Asia; its validity in Africa is unknown. Methods: Using NDST and TQQ, we screened 11,223 children aged 6-9 years in Kilifi, Kenya. We invited all screen-positives and a proportion of screen-negative children for confirmatory diagnosis of NDD using clinical history, neuropsychological assessments and interviews. Results: In total, 2,245 (20%) children screened positive for NDD. Confirmatory testing was completed for 1,564 (69.7%) screen-positive and 598 (6.7%) screen-negative children. NDST’s sensitivity was 87.8% (95%CI: 88.3-88.5%) for any NDD, 96.5% (95%CI:96.1-96.8%) ASD and 89.2% (95%CI: 88.7-89.8%) for ADHD. Moderate/severe neurological impairments’ sensitivities ranged from 85.7% (95%CI: 85.1-86.3%) for hearing impairments to 100.00% (100.0-100.0%) for motor impairments. NDST had higher sensitivities than TQQ for epilepsy (88.8 vs 86.7), motor impairments (100.0 vs 93.7) and cognitive impairment (88.2 vs 84.3). Sensitivities for visual and hearing impairments were comparable in both tools. NDST specificity was 82.8% (95%CI: 82.1-83.5%) for any NDD, 94.5% (95%CI: 94.0-94.9%) for ASD and 81.7% (95%CI: 81.0-82.4%) for ADHD. The specificities range for neurological impairments was 80.0% (95%CI: 79.3-80.7%) for visual impairments to 93.8% (95%CI: 93.4-94.3%) for epilepsy. Negative predictive values were generally very high (≤100%), but most positive predictive values (PPV) were low (≤17.8%). Domain specific internal consistency ranged from 0.72 (95%CI: 0.70-0.74) for ADHD to 0.89 (95%CI: 0.87-0.90) for epilepsy. Conclusions: NDST possesses high sensitivity and specificity for detecting different domains of NDD in Kilifi. Low PPV suggest that positive diagnoses should be confirmed when samples are drawn from a population with low disease prevalence.
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C., Prithvichandra K., and Pawan K. Ghanghoriya. "Follow up of growth, development and clinical outcome in neonates discharged from the NICU of tertiary care hospital in central India." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 7, no. 4 (2020): 783. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20201131.
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Background: To assess the growth and neurodevelopmental outcome of all newborn discharged from the NICU of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College, Jabalpur on follow up for 6 months.Methods: Prospective observational cohort study of 200 high risk newborn discharged from NICU. Babies were called for follow up at 1 month, 2 months, 4 month and 6 months of corrected age and detailed information was taken regarding NICU stay and morbidity with the help of data available from discharge card. Anthropometric parameters like weight, length, and head circumference were noted. Suitable screening tests like denver’s developmental screening test for Indian infants (DDSTII) for NDD (neurodevelopmental delay) and Amiel Tison scoring for tone assessment was done.Results: Among the 200 NICU graduates chosen, 40 lost during follow up. The neurodevelopmental delay in this study was 31.3%. Authors also analysed NDD according to gestational age wise groups. NDD in pre-terms was 39.6%. The developmental delay was more in babies with neonatal sepsis, perinatal asphyxia, prematurity, RDS, NEC etc.Conclusions: The morbidities like severe perinatal asphyxia, hypoglycaemia, seizures, shock, hypoxia, hypothermia, low gestational age have direct association with NDD.
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Vogel Ciernia, A., B. I. Laufer, H. Hwang, et al. "Epigenomic Convergence of Neural-Immune Risk Factors in Neurodevelopmental Disorder Cortex." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 2 (2019): 640–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz115.
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Abstract Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) affect 7–14% of all children in developed countries and are one of the leading causes of lifelong disability. Epigenetic modifications are poised at the interface between genes and environment and are predicted to reveal insight into NDD etiology. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing was used to examine DNA cytosine methylation in 49 human cortex samples from 3 different NDDs (autism spectrum disorder, Rett syndrome, and Dup15q syndrome) and matched controls. Integration of methylation changes across NDDs with relevant genomic and genetic datasets revealed differentially methylated regions (DMRs) unique to each type of NDD but with shared regulatory functions in neurons and microglia. NDD DMRs were enriched within promoter regions and for transcription factor binding sites with identified methylation sensitivity. DMRs from all 3 disorders were enriched for ontologies related to nervous system development and genes with disrupted expression in brain from neurodevelopmental or neuropsychiatric disorders. Genes associated with NDD DMRs showed expression patterns indicating an important role for altered microglial function during brain development. These findings demonstrate an NDD epigenomic signature in human cortex that will aid in defining therapeutic targets and early biomarkers at the interface of genetic and environmental NDD risk factors.
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Yusuf, Zenab I., Deepa Dongarwar, Rafeek A. Yusuf, and Hamisu M. Salihu. "Oral Health Problems among Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders in the United States." International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS (IJMA) 9, no. 1 (2020): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijma.342.
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Children with neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDD) suffer poor oral health problems (OHP) leading to adverse health outcomes. We examined the association between NDD and OHP among children in the United States (US) ages 3-17 years using data from the National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) 2016-17. The prevalence of OHP was 19.1%. Children with NDD had about 40% greater likelihood of poor oral health compared to their non-NDD counterparts (p <0.0001). Living at or above 200%-300% of the federal poverty level (FPL), private insurance coverage, and living with a least a college educated adult were found to be protective factors against poor oral health among children.
 Key words: • Neurodevelopmental disorder • Oral health problems • Children • United States
 
 Copyright © 2020 Yusuf et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Srivastava, Siddharth, Erica L. Macke, Lindsay C. Swanson, et al. "Expansion of the Genotypic and Phenotypic Spectrum of WASF1-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder." Brain Sciences 11, no. 7 (2021): 931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11070931.
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In humans, de novo truncating variants in WASF1 (Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein family member 1) have been linked to presentations of moderate-to-profound intellectual disability (ID), autistic features, and epilepsy. Apart from one case series, there is limited information on the phenotypic spectrum and genetic landscape of WASF1-related neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD). In this report, we describe detailed clinical characteristics of six individuals with WASF1-related NDD. We demonstrate a broader spectrum of neurodevelopmental impairment including more mildly affected individuals. Further, we report new variant types, including a copy number variant (CNV), resulting in the partial deletion of WASF1 in monozygotic twins, and three missense variants, two of which alter the same residue, p.W161. This report adds further evidence that de novo variants in WASF1 cause an autosomal dominant NDD.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Neurodevelopment (NDD)"
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Hoffman, Julia. "Alla är olika och olika är bra : Idrott och hälsa lärares erfarenheter av anpassningar och bemötande av elever med diagnos inom autismspektrum." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-82751.
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Several studies show that physical activity has positive effects for children with autism. Therefore, I chose to investigate the form of adaptions student in autism spectrum in the subject of sports and health and what conditions the physical education teachers have to create a favorable environment for student with autism. Through a qualitative research method with teachers in physical education and health, the material has been collected with semi structured interviews. The results show how teachers adapt teaching to student with autism spectrumdisorders. Physical education and health teachers work in different ways. The adaption can consist of preparation, the student’s special interests, structure, participation/involvement, andclarity in the teaching. Based on the discussion, all students are different and the teachers need to adapt the student’s needs.<br>Flertal studier visar att fysisk aktivitet har positiva effekter för barn med autism. Därför valde jag att undersöka vilken form av anpassningar elever inom autismspektrumet i ämnet idrott och hälsa och vilka förutsättningar idrottslärarna har för att skapa en gynnsam miljö för elever med autism. Genom en kvalitativ forskningsmetod med lärare inom idrott och hälsa har materialet samlats in via semistrukturerade intervjuer. I resultatet framkommer det hur lärarna anpassar undervisningen till elever med autismspektra. Idrott och hälsa lärarna arbetar på olika sätt för att anpassa undervisningen. Anpassningen kan bestå av förberedelser, elevensspecialintressen, struktur, delaktighet/involvering samt tydlighet i undervisningen. Utifrån diskussionen är alla elever olika och lärarna behöver anpassa elevens behov.
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Moes, Lotte Sophie. "The relationship between mental health in adolescents having self-reported neurodevelopmental disorders and sources of parental knowledge: A cross-sectional study." Thesis, Jönköping University, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-53894.
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The present study aimed to compare adolescents (14-15 years old) having self-reported neurodevelopmental disorders classified as flourishing with those adolescents classified as non- flourishing concerning rated mental health problems and adolescent perceptions of adolescent disclosure and parental control. The present study used a cross-sectional design based on a secondary analysis of data collected in the LoRDIA research program. Adolescents having self-reported NDDs in wave 3 were included (n=198). Adolescents rated their mental health using the Mental Health Continuum – Short Form, after which researchers classified them as flourishing, moderate, or languishing. Behavior and emotional symptoms were rated using the conduct problems subscale and emotional symptoms subscale of the self-reported version of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Adolescents rated adolescent disclosure and parental control using the adolescent disclosure scale and parental control scale. Independent Samples t-Tests, Mann-Whitney U test, and multiple regressions were performed to analyze data. Findings illustrated that adolescents having self-reported NDDs classified as flourishing report less conduct problems, lower adolescent disclosure, and same levels of parental control compared to those adolescents classified as non-flourishing. Emotional problems seem to be positively related to adolescent disclosure within family interaction patterns, while conduct problems appear to be negatively related to parental control. However, parenting style may be crucial in having few or many conduct- and emotional problems. Thus, adolescent disclosure plays a prominent role in relation to adolescents’ mental health, mental health problems, and parent-adolescent interactions, while parental control plays a prominent role in relation to adolescents’ mental health problems and parent-adolescent interactions.
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Newborg, Christel. "Elever med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning och NPF : En litteraturstudie med fokus på pedagogiska utmaningar och könsskillnader." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-84668.
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This essay consists of a review of 34 scientific articles. The aim is to describe and compile current research about students with intellectual disability (ID) and neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD). The research questions focus on what challenges for learning and teaching the diagnoses imply, if there are any differences between girls and boys, and how the learning environment may be adapted for these students. The theoretical framework in this study consists of gender theory and social constructions. The results show that many students with ID also have diagnoses within NDD and that it affects the students’ executive, adaptive and social abilities. Girls show other symptoms than boys, but there tends to be fewer differences when the students have a severe ID. Girls are often quieter than boys and seem to have better social skills, while boys more frequently have challenging behaviour. The differences contribute to boys receiving more support in school and that they are referred to neuropsychiatric assessment at an earlier age. Girls however are more difficult to discover, which causes that girls often receive a diagnosis later than boys. Considerably more boys than girls get a diagnosis within NDD; research has for many years focused on boys’ symptoms, which has affected the formation of the diagnostic tools. The result shows that there is a huge need of adapting the education to each student’s ability and level of knowledge with help from a clear structure in a calm setting with few disturbances. The students need support in developing their executive, adaptive and social skills. Early interventions have shown to be of great importance. Regardless of cognitive level, pedagogues need to have high expectations on the students, encourage them and give them the support they need. The students may for example need longer time, rehearsal or that the exercises are divided into smaller parts. The result indicates that students with disabilities have the best opportunity for development when they are together with students in general education.<br>Den här forskningsöversikten består av en granskning av 34 vetenskapliga artiklar. Syftet är att beskriva och sammanställa aktuell forskning om elever som har IF och NPF. Frågeställningarna fokuserar på vilka utmaningar för lärande och undervisning diagnoserna innebär, om det förekommer några skillnader mellan flickor och pojkar samt hur lärmiljön kan anpassas för dessa elever. Det teoretiska ramverket i studien utgörs av genusteori och sociala konstruktioner. Resultatet visar att många elever med IF har diagnoser inom NPF och att det påverkar elevernas exekutiva, adaptiva och sociala förmågor. Flickor uppvisar ofta andra symtom än pojkar, men skillnaderna tenderar att vara mindre vid svår eller grav IF. Flickor är i regel tystare än pojkar och verkar ofta ha en högre social kompetens, medan pojkar i högre utsträckning är utåtagerande. Skillnaderna bidrar till att pojkar ofta får mer stöd i skolan och att de utreds i ett tidigare skede. Flickor är däremot svårare att upptäcka, vilket bidrar till att flickor ofta får diagnos senare än pojkar. Betydligt fler pojkar än flickor får diagnos inom NPF; forskning har i många år utgått från pojkars symtom, vilket har påverkat utformandet av utredningsverktygen. Resultatet visar att det finns ett stort behov av att individanpassa undervisningen utifrån elevernas förmågor och kunskapsnivå med hjälp av tydlig struktur i en lugn miljö med få störande moment. Eleverna behöver stöd för att utveckla sina exekutiva, adaptiva och sociala förmågor. Tidiga insatser har visat sig vara av stor betydelse. Oavsett kognitiv nivå krävs att pedagoger möter eleverna med höga förväntningar och uppmuntran samt ger dem det stöd de behöver. Exempelvis kan det handla om att få längre tid på sig, repetition eller att uppgifterna delas upp i mindre delar. Resultatet indikerar att elever med funktionsnedsättningar har störst möjlighet att utvecklas tillsammans med elever inom reguljär skola.
Books on the topic "Neurodevelopment (NDD)"
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Allison, Whiteside, ed. Facilitation techniques based on NDT principles. Therapy Skill Builders, 1997.
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Priest, Erhardt Rhoda, ed. Parent articles about NDT. Erhardt Developmental Products, 1999.
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Doyle, Lauren R., and Sarah N. Mattson. Behavioral Teratogenic Effects of Alcohol: Focus on Neurobehavioral Disorder Associated With Prenatal Alcohol Exposure. Edited by Thomas H. Ollendick, Susan W. White, and Bradley A. White. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190634841.013.39.
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Prenatal exposure to teratogens may alter fetal development and significantly impact later life. Perhaps the best known teratogen is alcohol; prenatal alcohol exposure causes a broad range of effects that can cause lifelong impairment. Of greatest significance are the functional impairments in behavior and cognition. Recognition of these impairments led to the inclusion of the neurobehavioral disorder associated with prenatal alcohol exposure (ND-PAE) in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders under “conditions for further study.” This proposed diagnosis captures the significant neurodevelopmental and mental health impacts associated with prenatal alcohol exposure and requires impairment in neurocognitive functioning, self-regulation, and adaptive functioning. This chapter reviews clinical impacts of prenatal alcohol exposure, with particular focus on ND-PAE. Methods for comprehensively assessing fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, specifically ND-PAE, are discussed as well as preliminary evidence for implementing effective interventions with these individuals.
Book chapters on the topic "Neurodevelopment (NDD)"
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Priyadarshi, Brajesh, and B. V. M. Mahesh. "Neurodevelopmental Disorders From a Clinical Linguistics Perspective." In Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.ch005.
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The chapter attempts at bringing out an overview of linguistic-based deficits in neurodevelopmental disordered (NDD) population. Clinical linguistics as a discipline has provided a different dimension to view each patient as a distinctive case and has brought out the utilization of comprehensive depiction of individual skill patterns and deficits. As the NDDs are heterogeneous in nature, understanding their language deficits using achievement tests might not provide a clear description of these disorders. Hence, controlled experimental investigations using varied methodological designs could help in tapping their common linguistic variations which may augment key professionals to better identify, assess, and rehabilitate these individuals. While appreciating all these factors, the chapter provides first-hand information on some of the neuro-developmental disorders and also the language-based diagnostic markers to identify them.
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Krgović, Danijela. "Role of Copy Number Variations in ADHD." In ADHD [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94383.
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Copy number variations (CNV) have an important role in etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). Among them, individuals with attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) have 1.33 times higher overall rate of CNVs larger than 100 kb compared to healthy controls. These CNVs are often shared with other NDDs and neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia (SCZ) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), although duplications of 15q13.3 and 16p13.11 have been found enriched in ADHD cohorts. CNVs provide new opportunities for studying and management of psychiatric disorders including ADHD. Therefore this chapter provides a brief overview of the literature on this topic and presents the benefits of CNV genetic diagnostics in ADHD patients.
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Soccalingam, Artchoudane, Meena Ramanathan, and Ananda Balayogi Bhavanani. "Yoga Therapy on Cognitive Function in Neurodevelopmental Disorders." In Interdisciplinary Approaches to Altering Neurodevelopmental Disorders. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3069-6.ch009.
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Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are birth imperfections that cause dysfunction in cognitive and sensory processes and impairment in motor function, communication, and behavior. The major factors responsible for increasing incidence of NDDs are genetic, psychosocial, and excessive use of drugs. Yoga alleviates neurological problems and NDDs. Asana is a physical movement with breath awareness that facilitates the development of body awareness, concentration, and memory and provides vital energy for children with neurodevelopmental disability. Yoga therapy improves sensory coordination and motor imitations that enable persons with cognitive disabilities to make meaningful response by the integration of senses and functions of central nervous system.
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Bole, Suryakant. "Chapter-04 Neurodevelopmental Treatment (NDT)." In Early Management of Cerebral Palsy Including Children with Developmental Delays. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/10247_4.
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Rajpurohit, Hiten, and Arun Khosla. "Support of Gamification, Virtual, and Assistive Technologies in Intervening in Social and Behavioral Impairment." In Interdisciplinary Approaches to Altering Neurodevelopmental Disorders. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3069-6.ch008.
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Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) compromise the development and attainment of full social and economic potential of an individual. Technological intervention can play a big role and is capable of reducing the cost of present medical intervention. Games based on daily life activities can play big roles in improving social skills. One can easily customize games as per requirement or as specific to particular social skills for children to improve their respective social skills. Children find it easy to associate with these games since these games involve scenes related to their daily routine and don't involve any complex set of rules to be followed. Even parents, family members, and teachers can also help in playing these games at an initial level without any need for specialization or special training.
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Gopalan, Rejani Thudalikunnil. "ADHD, Parental Stress, Stigma, and Mindfulness Training." In New Developments in Diagnosing, Assessing, and Treating ADHD. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5495-1.ch018.
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Many studies have proven that parental stress was associated with childhood mental disorders and disabilities, and in recent years, studies have shown that parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) experience more parenting stress than parents of typically developing children. Parents living with a child with ADHD experienced stress as they struggled to cope with the child's symptoms amidst the stigmatizing attitudes from family and community members. The chapter tried to explore various factors related with parental stress and ADHD such as quality of life, parental rating of ADHD symptoms and related issues, treatment outcome, marital life, and mental health. One of the important factors contributing to stress is stigma, and the chapter also attempted to explore the link between parental stress and stigma, especially related to ADHD and its interventions. The chapter emphasized the role of mindfulness training for treating ADHD and parental stress while pointing out the methodological limitations.
Conference papers on the topic "Neurodevelopment (NDD)"
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RIBEIRO, B. M. M., A. T. MENEZES, G. C. SOUZA, M. L. VALE, and D. S. MACÊDO. "NDD. 04. Progressive microglial activation in the striatum in rats submitted to a neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia: reversal by clozapine." In I International Symposium in Neuroscience Meeting. Editora Edgard Blücher, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/isnm-sine28.
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Tumpa, Sanjida Nasreen, Najia Manjur, Farhana Sarker, and Khondaker A. Mamun. "Smart-NDA: A cloud based framework for smart device integrated automated neurodevelopmental disorder screening tool." In 2016 International Conference on Medical Engineering, Health Informatics and Technology (MediTec). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/meditec.2016.7835393.
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