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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Neuroimaging biomarkers'

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Published: 15 January 2025

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1

Kawadler, J. M. "Neuroimaging biomarkers in paediatric sickle cell disease." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1464063/.

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Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a collection of genetic haemoglobinopathies, the most common and severe being homozygous sickle cell anaemia. In the UK, it has been estimated that 1 in 2000 children are born with SCD. The disease is characterised by chronic anaemia, recurrent pain crises and vascular occlusion. Neurologically, there is a high incidence of stroke in childhood, as well as cognitive dysfunction. Newborn screening programmes and preventative treatments have allowed a much longer lifespan; however recently, neurological research has shifted to characterising subtler aspects of brain d

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2

Santos, Santos Miguel Ángel. "Clinicopathologic correlations and neuroimaging biomarkers in primary progressive aphasia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457508.

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Los trabajos incluidos en esta tesis van sobre el tema de la correlación clínico patológica en la enfermedad neurodegenerativa y más específicamente en la afasia primaria progresiva (APP). En el primer trabajo analizamos la proporción de positividad PET-amiloide en cada variante clínica para probar la hipótesis que clasificación según los criterios diagnósticos actuales (establecidos por consenso en 2011) de afasia primaria progresiva resultaría en grupos patológicamente homogéneos. Esta clasificación resulto ser altamente predictiva del estado del biomarcador de amiloide, en particular, la v

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3

Rittman, Timothy. "Connectivity biomarkers in neurodegenerative tauopathies." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/248866.

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The primary tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases affecting movement and cognition. In this thesis I study Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) and the Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS), two parkinsonian disorders associated with accumulation of hyperphos- phorylated and abnormally folded tau protein. I contrast these two disorders with Parkinson’s disease (PD), which is associated with the accumulation of alpha-synuclein but has a genetic association with the MAPT gene encoding tau. Understanding the tauopathies to develop effective treatments will require a better grasp of the rela

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Adanyeguh, Isaac Mawusi. "Biomarkers Identification and Disease Modeling using Multimodal Neuroimaging Approaches in Polyglutamine Diseases." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066279/document.

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Les maladies par expansion de polyglutamines sont des maladies neurodégénératives dues à l’expansion du trinucléotide cytosine-adénine-guanine (CAG) dans les gènes correspondants codant pour une expansion d’homopolymère de glutamine dans les protéines mutées. Ce projet concerne les formes les plus courantes qui sont la maladie de Huntington (MH) et les ataxies spinocérébelleuses (SCA) types 1, 2, 3 et 7. Ce sont des maladies autosomiques dominantes, responsables de troubles graves de la motricité partageant des voies physiopathologiques communes, avec un effet notable sur la dysfonction métabo

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Heise, Verena. "How can magnetoencephalography and magnetic resonance imaging improve our understanding of genetic susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease?" Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a3c670f3-aef5-4f34-b983-37f21d0019ad.

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The Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is the best-established genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) while the ε2 allele confers a reduced risk compared with the most common ε3 allele. Neuroimaging studies using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have shown that APOE genotype affects brain structure and function. The aims of the research presented in this DPhil thesis were twofold: 1) to investigate the effect of APOE genotype on brain function in healthy adults using magnetoencephalography (MEG), which is a direct measure of neuronal activity and 2) to explore interactions be

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Wilson, D. R. "Clinical relevance of neuroimaging biomarkers of small vessel disease in relation to intracranial haemorrhage." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053154/.

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Introduction: Small vessel disease is the underlying cause of most spontaneous (non-traumatic) ICH. Cerebral imaging markers of small vessel disease, particularly cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and white matter hyperintensities of presumed vascular origin (WMH) offer clinicians and researchers an opportunity to further understand the pathogenesis and risk of ICH in patients with stroke. In this thesis I present a portfolio of studies aimed to show the clinical relevance of neuroimaging biomarkers of small vessel disease in relation to intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). Methods: I ascertained patien

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CARLI, GIULIA. "Parkinson’s disease and dementia in the α-synuclein spectrum: the role of cognitive assessment and in vivo neuroimaging biomarkers". Doctoral thesis, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11768/122897.

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the neurological disease with the fastest growing rate. 1% of the world population over 60 years have a PD diagnosis. PD presents a complex and heterogenous clinical picture during the disease course, and dementia represents the most severe condition. This thesis investigates the neurobiological mechanisms and cognitive features of PD patients with a severe clinical phenotype – developing cognitive deterioration, reaching dementia condition. The studies included in this dissertation contributed to identifying risk factors, biomarkers, cognitive features, and sources

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8

Wang, Chenyu. "Improving the specificity of quantitative neuroimaging biomarkers for monitoring disease progression and understanding disease mechanisms in multiple sclerosis with diffusion magnetic resonance imaging." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17939.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that is associated with progressive neurodegeneration. To better understand the dynamics of disease progression in individuals with MS, and to personalise treatment strategies, the development of quantitative in-vivo biomarkers is critical. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an essential technique that has been successfully embedded in the formal diagnostic criteria for MS since 2001. Conventional MRI techniques facilitate the demonstration of lesion dissemination in both space and tim

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9

Pierrefeu, Amicie de. "Apprentissage automatique avec parcimonie structurée : application au phénotypage basé sur la neuroimagerie pour la schizophrénie." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS329/document.

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La schizophrénie est un trouble mental, chronique et invalidant caractérisé par divers symptômes tels que des hallucinations, des épisodes délirants ainsi que des déficiences dans les fonctions cognitives. Au fil des ans, l'Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique (IRM) a été de plus en plus utilisée pour mieux comprendre les anomalies structurelles et fonctionnelles inhérentes à ce trouble. Les progrès récents en apprentissage automatique et l'apparition de larges bases de données ouvrent maintenant la voie vers la découverte de biomarqueurs pour le diagnostic/ pronostic assisté par ordinateur. Comp

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Sendi, Shahbaz. "Biomarkers of major depressive disorder : a study of the interaction of genetic, neuroimaging and endocrine factors, and the effects of childhood adversity, in major depressive disorder." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. http://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/biomarkers-of-major-depressive-disorder(743a993b-8c01-46be-8707-855dc01bc355).html.

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My thesis consisted of two studies. The first study was a part of a wider study; within this, we investigated the modulation of amygdala structure by the val66met BDNF (Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor) polymorphism. Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans were obtained at 1.5 T in 87 Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) patients and 74 age, gender, and verbal IQ matched healthy controls. We used Freesurfer version 5.1.0 to examine the grey matter amygdala volume. In the second study, we investigated neuroendocrine abnormalities˗˗ Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis (HPA) axis changes˗˗

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Sabbagh, David. "Building clinical biomarkers from cerebral electrophysiology ˸ Brain Age as a measure of neurocognitive disorders." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASG101.

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Les maladies neurodégénératives figurent parmi les principales causes de mortalité dans le monde. Malheureusement, leur diagnostic précoce nécessite un examen médical prescrit souvent trop tardivement et des équipements de laboratoire dédiés. Il repose aussi fréquemment sur des mesures prédictives souffrant d'un biais de sélection. Cette thèse présente une solution prometteuse à ces problèmes: une méthode robuste, directement utilisable en clinique, pour construire des biomarqueurs prédictifs à partir des signaux cérébraux M/EEG, validés contre les troubles neurocognitifs apparaissant après un

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Baccaro, Alessandra Fernandes. "Depressão e prejuízo cognitivo pós-acidente vascular cerebral: avaliação expandida no Estudo de Mortalidade e Morbidade do AVC (EMMA), São Paulo, Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5169/tde-07022019-095255/.

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INTRODUÇÃO: Acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), depressão e prejuízo cognitivo são comorbidades associadas à alta carga mundial de incapacidade. Depressão e prejuízo cognitivo são condições que ocorrem mais frequentemente em pacientes pós-AVC e estão associadas a um aumento da morbimortalidade. OBJETIVO: Investigar potenciais fatores de risco cerebrovasculares associados ao desenvolvimento de depressão pós-AVC (DPA) e prejuízo cognitivo pós-AVC (PC) com base na neuroimagem por ressonância magnética cerebral (RM) e biomarcadores (serotonina, BDNF, IL-6, IL-18) na fase subaguda (1-3 meses) e na fa

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13

Sharman, Michael. "Neuroimaging biomarkeurs of structural and functional connectivity in Parkinson's disease." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066644.

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder involving progressive motor dysfunction, most commonly affecting elderly individuals. A hallmark of disease pathology is a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and their terminals in the striatum. Neurodegeneration is thought to lead to a destabiliation of the normal signalling that occurs between these, and other cortical and subcortical brain regions. An important challenge for neuroscience lies in differentiating PD neuropathology from similar disorders, as well as those impairments that occur as part of n

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Conrado, Daniela J., Timothy Nicholas, Kuenhi Tsai, et al. "Dopamine Transporter Neuroimaging as an Enrichment Biomarker in Early Parkinson's Disease Clinical Trials: A Disease Progression Modeling Analysis." WILEY, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626602.

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Given the recognition that disease-modifying therapies should focus on earlier Parkinson's disease stages, trial enrollment based purely on clinical criteria poses significant challenges. The goal herein was to determine the utility of dopamine transporter neuroimaging as an enrichment biomarker in early motor Parkinson's disease clinical trials. Patient-level longitudinal data of 672 subjects with early-stage Parkinson's disease in the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) observational study and the Parkinson Research Examination of CEP-1347 Trial (PRECEPT) clinical trial were ut

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15

Harquel, Sylvain. "Stimulation magnétique transcrânienne robotisée : de l’automatisation des protocoles à de nouvelles approches en neuroimagerie fonctionnelle." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAS006/document.

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La stimulation magnétique transcrânienne (TMS) est une technique de stimulation corticale non-invasive.Depuis son apparition au milieu des années 1980, les évolutions technologiques qu’elle a connues ontconsidérablement amélioré sa fiabilité, sa précision ainsi que sa reproductibilité. Ces progrès ont favorisél’émergence d’un grand nombre d’applications, tant dans le domaine de la recherche fondamentale enneurosciences cognitives que dans celui de la recherche clinique. Cette thèse a pour objectif d’étudierles apports méthodologiques et fondamentaux de la TMS robotisée, dernière avancée techno

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Raposo, Nicolas. "Apport des nouveaux biomarqueurs sur la physiopathologie, le diagnostic et le pronostic de l'angiopathie amyloïde cérébrale." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30340.

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L'angiopathie amyloïde cérébrale (AAC) sporadique est une microangiopathie cérébrale, dont l'intérêt auprès des cliniciens et des chercheurs est grandissant. L'AAC est fréquente chez les sujets âgés et constitue une cause majeure et croissante d'hémorragie intracérébrale et de démence. Des avancées importantes ont été réalisées ces dernières années dans ce champ de recherche, permettant d'identifier de nouveaux biomarqueurs de la maladie, grâce aux progrès réalisés en neuroimagerie structurelle, fonctionnelle et moléculaire. Des thérapies anti-amyloïdes sont en cours de développement et des es

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17

Colle, Romain. "BDNF/TRKB, volume hippocampique et réponse aux antidépresseurs dans le trouble dépressif unipolaire." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB002.

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Introduction : Issus des données animales, les modèles neurotrophiniques du mécanisme d’action des médicaments antidépresseurs pourraient permettre d’identifier chez l’Homme des biomarqueurs prédictifs de la réponse et de la rémission sous antidépresseurs. Nous évaluons l’intérêt clinique, chez les patients souffrant de trouble dépressif caractérisé unipolaire, de 11 biomarqueurs : polymorphismes nucléotidiques simples (SNP) du Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) et de son récepteur, le Récepteur Tyrosine-Kinase B (TRKB), taux plasmatiques de BDNF et volume hippocampique sur la réponse/ré

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Deters, Kacie Danielle. "Tau and neurodegeneration : neuroimaging, genes, and biomarkers." Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/13851.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)<br>The pathway leading from soluble and monomeric to hyperphosphorylated, insoluble and filamentous tau protein is at the center of many human neurodegenerative diseases, collectively referred to as tauopathies, such as Alzheimer disease (AD). In this report, we discuss the role of neuroimaging, genetics, and biomarkers in better understanding the underlying brain changes in tauopathies. In Chapters 1 and 2, we review current knowledge of tauopathies, the protein tau and FDG PET studies in AD. In Chapter 3, we investigate gl

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Owens-Walton, Conor. "Neuroimaging biomarkers associated with clinical dysfunction in Parkinson disease." Phd thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/196536.

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Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in the world, directly affecting 2-3% of the population over the age of 65. People diagnosed with the disorder can experience motor, autonomic, cognitive, sensory and neuropsychiatric symptoms that can significantly impact quality of life. Uncertainty still exists about the pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie a range of clinical features of the disorder, linked to structural as well as functional brain changes. This thesis thus aimed to uncover neuroimaging biomarkers associated with clinical dysfunction in

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Chang, Chiung-Chih, and 張瓊之. "Serological biomarkers, neuropsychiatric correlations and neuroimaging findings in epilepsy patients." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72275188535996144389.

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博士<br>國立中山大學<br>生物科學系研究所<br>100<br>Purpose: Excessive day time sleepiness, sleep disorders and neurobehavior changes are common clinical observations in the patients with epilepsy. From literature review, they were highly related with epilepsy risk characteristics (age of onset, types or numbers of drugs, seizure frequency), co-morbidities or neuronal network changes. The serological biomarkers have been reported to reflect the phenomenon of seizure, while their correlations with neurobehavior changes were still not concluded. There were two purposes of this thesis. (1) To understand the relat

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Bernath, Megan M. "Lipidomic Dysregulation in Alzheimer's Disease: Relation to Genetics, Neuroimaging and Other Biomarkers." Diss., 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/25987.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)<br>Large-scale genome-wide association studies for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have identified more than 20 risk loci and several pathways including lipid metabolism. Lipids are fundamental to cellular structure and organization, where they compose biological bilayer membranes surrounding the cell. In their structural role, lipids provide a scaffold for cell signaling, such as neurotransmission. There is a large body of evidence linking lipids and AD, yet the relationship between AD pathogenesis and lipid dyshomeostasis is not well underst

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Forlivio, Steven Joseph. "The effects of repetitive head impacts on neuroimaging and biomarkers in college athletes." Thesis, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/19183.

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Football safety has increased over time, in part due to improvements in equipment and body mechanics, but there are still inherent risks involved, including exposure to repetitive head impacts (RHI). Significant head impacts can result in a constellation of symptoms including nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, and amnesia, which typically assist in the diagnosis of concussion. However, it has been shown that subconcussive impacts may result in microstructural changes and physiological alterations in the brain. This is particularly concerning because athletes may be undergoing changes in th

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Parker, Ashleigh. "Identification of earlier biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease: a neuroimaging study of individuals with subjective cognitive decline." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/11115.

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Background: Given that individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) report a change that is not yet measurable with standard neuropsychological assessment measures, they are thought to be the earliest along the cognitive continuum between healthy aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The current study used a neuroimaging approach to examine differences in brain function and structure between individuals with SCD and healthy controls (HC). Method: 3T resting state functional MRI and high resolution anatomical images were retrieved from 23 individuals with SCD (mean age = 72.9 years, SD

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Kumar, Shweta Sharat. "Non-standard templates for non-standard populations: optimizing template selection for voxel-based morphometry pre-processing." Thesis, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/17137.

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The human brain is a complex and powerful organ, directing every aspect of life from somatosensory and motor function to visceral responses to higher order cognition. Neurological and psychiatric disorders often disrupt normal functioning. While the clinical symptoms of such disorders are known, their biological underpinnings are not as clearly characterized. Structural neuroimaging is a powerful, non-invasive tool that can play a critical role in finding biomarkers of these illnesses. Currently, variations in pre-processing techniques yield inconsistent and conflicting results. As neuroimag

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Rachele, Podda. "Advanced neuroimaging methods and biomarkers applied to preclinical models of multiple sclerosis and amyothropic lateral sclerosis." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/1018447.

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New paradigms are developed in magnetic resonance imaging for the advanced diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, multiple sclerosis (MS) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) preclinical research poorly focuses on functional connectivity in brain. Available animal models of MS and ALS are extensively used for analysis such drug testing and discovery of underlying mechanisms of pathogenesis. These diseases present, since neuronal lesions formation and neuroinflammation, a multilevel heterogeneity in mechanism of neurodegeneration and brain connectivity still not well underst

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Calabrese, Evan Darcy Cozzens. "Diffusion Tensor Imaging Biomarkers of Brain Development and Disease." Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8717.

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<p>Understanding the structure of the brain has been a major goal of neuroscience research over the past century, driven in part by the understanding that brain structure closely follows function. Normative brain maps, or atlases, can be used to understand normal brain structure, and to identify structural differences resulting from disease. Recently, diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging has emerged as a powerful tool for brain atlasing; however, its utility is hindered by image resolution and signal limitations. These limitations can be overcome by imaging fixed ex-vivo specimens stain

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Cheng, Chun-Yu, and 鄭淳予. "Altered vascular functions in migraine patients: Focusing on clinical profiles, neuroimaging, central hemodynamic parameters, and circulating biomarkers." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/mv8m8q.

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博士<br>國立陽明大學<br>腦科學研究所<br>106<br>Background: The impact of migraine on patient health is complicated by cerebro- and cardio-vascular risk factors and comorbidity. The role of central pulsatile hemodynamics in the pathogenesis of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in migraine patients has not been clarified. MicroRNAs (miRs) have emerged as important regulators of vascular endothelial functions. Yet, whether levels of miRs associated with endothelial dysfunction are altered in migraine patients remains unknown. Aims: Our study aims were (1) to shed light on possible mechanism of increased ris

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Bhaskar, Sonu. "Individual patient profiling using clinical and neuroradiological biomarkers in acute ischemic stroke: application of advanced multimodal neuroimaging." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1342980.

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Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)<br>The aim of the thesis is to study clinical and neuroradiological biomarkers towards individual patient profiling in acute ischaemic stroke (AIS). There is existing evidence that individual patient profiling using a combination of initial stroke severity, infarct topography and surrogate neuroimaging markers provide clinicians with prognostically relevant information that can guide the selection of patients for acute interventions and/or planning and conduct of rehabilitation. Perilesional brain perfusion neuroimaging and cortical venous drain

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Risacher, Shannon Leigh. "MRI Measures of Neurodegeneration as Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/2766.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)<br>Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disease. Many researchers believe that an effective AD treatment will prevent the development of disease rather than treat the disease after a diagnosis. Therefore, the development of tools to detect AD-related pathology in early stages is an important goal. In this report, MRI-based markers of neurodegeneration are explored as biomarkers of AD. In the first chapter, the sensitivity of cross-sectional MRI biomarkers to neurodegenerative changes is evaluated in

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Yeh, Yi-Wei, and 葉奕緯. "Exploring the biomarkers of suicidal behaviors and antidepressant treatment response in patients with major depressive disorder based on brain neuroimaging and genetic variants." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ew39n3.

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博士<br>國防醫學院<br>醫學科學研究所<br>103<br>Background: Many lines of evidence suggest the role of serotonin transporter (SERT)-mediated reuptake of serotonin in the pathophysiology and treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). The study aimed to examine whether the pretreatment SERT binding potential or SERT binding ratio between terminal projection regions relative to the midbrain raphe nuclei was associated with suicide attempts and treatment outcome to SERT-targeted antidepressants. Moreover, genetic polymorphisms may modulate serotonergic and noradrenergic function, thereby affecting the treatme

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Stage, Edwin Carl Jr. "Imaging Genetics and Biomarker Variations of Clinically Diagnosed Alzheimer's Disease." Diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/23683.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)<br>Neuroimaging biomarkers play a crucial role in our understanding of Alzheimer’s disease. Beyond providing a fast and accurate in vivo picture of the neuronal structure and biochemistry, these biomarkers make up a research framework, defined in a 2018 as the A(amyloid)/T(tau)/N(neurodegeneration) framework after three of the hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease. I first used imaging measures of amyloid, tau and neurodegeneration to study clinically diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease. After dividing subjects into early (onset younger tha

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(6237179), Yukai Zou. "Developing Population-Specific Brain Atlases and Monitoring Repetitive Head Impacts for Early-to-Middle Adolescent Collision-Sport Athletes." Thesis, 2020.

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<div>Adolescent collision-sport athletes may be exposed to repetitive head impacts over years of practices and competitions without immediately observable symptoms. Despite the growing concerns, these athletes often continue play while at risk. Concrete objective measurements are desired to inform prompt and effective preventative strategies for this vulnerable population. However, adolescent brains are rapidly developing and the accrual of brain injury is often subtle. Prospective screening with sensitive biomarkers is challenging and requires advanced technologies, rigorous data processing,

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Baril, Andrée-Ann. "Dysfonctions cérébrales et changements neuroanatomiques dans l’apnée obstructive du sommeil chez les personnes âgées." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21195.

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